必修第三册 Unit 3 The world of science（PPT课件）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习课件围绕“科学世界”主题，依据高考评价体系梳理了词汇（如significant、cure）、语法（同位语从句）、写作（应用文、读后续写）等核心考点，通过近五年真题分析明确“词汇变形”“句型应用”“语篇理解”高频考点分布，构建系统备考体系。 课件亮点在于“语篇词汇串记+真题活学活用+写作素养提升”策略，如以2023年全国乙卷真题为例解析shoot多义用法，结合“面部动作描写”素材培养语言能力与思维品质，特设“易错陷阱警示”和“答题模板”，助力学生掌握得分技巧，教师可据此精准教学，提升复习效率。

Unit 3　The world of science 1 语篇词汇串记 考点互动探究 当堂过关检测 语言素养提升 写作素养提升 课时作业 2 Throughout history, countless 1.　　　 　(significance) inventions and discoveries have transformed our life. For instance, gunpowder changed how ancient people started a war. The compass has made long-distance voyage possible. In addition, even today the theory of gravity still helps 2.　　　　　　 (astronomer) plan space missions. However, making an invention is a tough and long-lasting process. The following stories may give us a hint. significant astronomers 语篇词汇串记 3 Charles Darwin was a brilliant biologist, 3.　　 　　 theory about the origin of species and natural selection has shaped our understanding of nature. He made a five-year voyage around the world, doing field research. Madam Curie was 4. extraordinary chemist. She made the discovery of radium after thousands of days’ working in the lab, 5.　　 　　(give) an accurate account of every minor change of the radioactive materials. whose an giving 语篇词汇串记 4 Another story is about Benjamin Franklin, a remarkable American inventor. He flew a kite in the storm just to find proof 6.______________　　 lightning was produced by electricity. He had a string tied to the kite and a metal key 7.　　　　　(attach) to the string. When a flash of lightning hit the kite, the electricity 8.　　　　　　 (conduct) to the key and he felt the electric shock. The experiment was very dangerous, but he still risked being injured to seek the truth. that attached was conducted 语篇词汇串记 5 People’s desire 9.　　　　　　 (create) will never end. With new inventions in virtual reality, our life may change beyond 10.　　　　　　　 (recognize) in the future. Whatever the life of future holds, science will always play a crucial role. to create recognition 语篇词汇串记 6 1 shoot　v.(shot, shot)射杀;投篮,射门;拍摄(照片、电影);快速移动;冲,奔;射出,放射 n.嫩芽;幼苗;新枝;拍摄,摄影 　　　 　　　 考点互动探究 7 (1)shoot at 向……射击 (2)shoot an angry glance/a question at sb(=shoot sb an angry glance/a question) 生气地瞪了某人一眼/向某人发问 shoot past 飞驰而过 shoot out 冲出去 (3)shot n. 射击;尝试,努力;击球,射门,投篮;照片;镜头 考点互动探究 8 【活学活用】 (1)写出下列shoot和shot的含义 ①[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try. 　　　　　  　 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　 尝试 考点互动探究 9 ②[2023·全国乙卷] To make some of my landscape shots, I have travelled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　  ③[译林必修三U2] The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear, a huge cloud shooting from the top of the volcano.　　　　　  照片 喷射出 拍摄 考点互动探究 10 ④[北师必修三U8] The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light.　　　　　  ⑤She shot the ball from the foul line and scored her first point. 　　　　　  ⑥She shot past me and ran into the house.　　　 　　  嫩芽 迅速移动,冲 投篮 考点互动探究 11 (2)完成句子 ①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] At the sound of the signal gunshot, runners 　　　　　　　　(冲出去) like bullets, except David. (读后续写之动作描写) 　 ②Hearing his words, she_____________________________________________ 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 (生气地瞪了他一眼). (读后续写之动作+情感描写) shot out shot an angry glance at him/shot him an angry glance 考点互动探究 12 2 desire　n.愿望;欲望;渴望 v.渴望,期望 (1)have a desire (2)desire sth　　　　　 渴望得到某物 desire (sb) to do sth 想要(某人)做某事 desire that...(should) do... 渴望…… (3)desirable adj. 渴望获得的;值得拥有的;可取的 考点互动探究 13 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①[2025·北京卷] The desire 　　　　　　(stand) out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision. ②[2023·全国甲卷] Bangkok is a highly 　　 　　(desire) destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. to stand desirable 考点互动探究 14 ③She desires her children 　　　　　　　　(pursue) their passions and follow their dreams. ④We surely desire that we 　　　　　 　　　(inform) immediately of any change in the travel schedules by the tour leader. to pursue (should) be informed 考点互动探究 15 (2)一句多译 每个人都渴望成功, 而成功只属于努力的人。(读后续写之主题升 华句) 　 →Everyone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　while success only belongs to the hard-working people. (v.) →Everyone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 while success only belongs to the hard-working people. (n.) desires success/to succeed has a desire for success/to succeed 考点互动探究 16 3 significant　adj.重要的,影响深远的 (1)be significant to/for 对……是重要的 (2)significance n. 意义;意思;重要性 be of (great/no/little) significance to/for 对……(很/不/不太)重要 attach (great) significance to (doing) sth 认为(做)……(很)重要 (3)significantly adv. 有重大意义地;明显地 考点互动探究 17 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①[2025·全国一卷] When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful 　　　　　　　　(significant)—the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. ②[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Because the system is automated, it____________ 　 (significant) reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. significance significantly 考点互动探究 18 (2)完成句子 ①As far as I’m concerned, we should_________________________________ 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(很重视基本语言技能的训练) if we want to learn a foreign language well. (应用文写作之建议信) 　 ②In my opinion, the competition_____________________________________ 　　　　　　 　　　　　 (意义重大). Not only does it improve our labour skills, but it also makes us experience the fun of labour and cultivate a profound respect for it. (应用文写作之活动感想) 　 attach great significance to the training of basic language skills is greatly significant/is of great significance 考点互动探究 19 4 injure　v.使受伤,弄伤 (1)injury n.　　　　　　 伤害;损伤 do sb/oneself an injury 伤害某人/自己 (2)injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的 get/be injured 受伤 the injured 伤员 考点互动探究 20 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①Due to an 　　　　　(injure) in one of his legs, he was prevented from making the team for the race. injury 考点互动探究 21 ②[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] So I changed to weight-lifting, but it was so demanding and I was afraid of getting 　　　　　(injure), so I went bike riding. (2)完成句子 Although Tim 　　　　　　　　　　　　　(受了重伤) in the leg, he held on to the finish line. (应用文写作话题之体育运动) injured was/got seriously injured 考点互动探究 22 5 cure　n.药剂;疗法 vt.治愈;消除,解决;改正 (1)a cure for...　 　 ……的治疗方法;解决……的措施 (2)cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某种疾病;改正某人的不良行为 (3)curable adj. 可治愈的;可医治的 考点互动探究 23 [温馨提示] “vt.+sb of sth”短语: rob sb of sth抢劫某人的某物 inform sb of sth通知某人某事 remind sb of sth使某人想起某事 warn sb of sth警告某人某事 persuade sb of sth使某人相信某事 convince sb of sth使某人相信某事 考点互动探究 24 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①With early detection and proper treatment, many forms of cancer are now considered 　　 　　(cure), offering hope to patients and their families. ②[北师必修二U6] In 1969, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure　　　　malaria—a disease that killed millions of people every year.  curable for 考点互动探究 25 (2)熟词生义 Private firms are willing to make large-scale investments to help cure the country’s economic troubles. 　　　　　  (3)完成句子 ①The person I respect most is my English teacher, who patiently helped to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (改掉了我的不良学习习惯). (应用文写作之人物介绍) v.解决 cure me of my bad learning habits 考点互动探究 26 ②I drove to the chemist’s, and as I stuffed medicine into a small kit for her, I began to think about________________________________________　　　　 　　　　　　　　 (怎样我才能让她相信……的必要性) of such a medicine kit. (读后续写之动作+心理描写) 　 how I could convince/persuade her of the necessity 考点互动探究 27 6 attach　v.系,绑,贴 (1)attach...to... 　 把……固定/附在……上 attach importance/significance/value, etc. to (doing) sth 认为(做)……有重要性/意义/价值等 (2)attached adj. 非常喜欢……的,依恋的;附属的 be attached to 依恋;附属于…… (3)attachment n. 附件,附属物;依恋,爱慕 考点互动探究 28 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①[译林选必三U2] We usually sleep in private quarters, which are more like large cupboards, or in sleeping bags 　　　　　(attach) to the walls or the ceiling. ②Do not click on an e-mail 　　　　　　 (attach) unless it is from a reliable source. attached attachment 考点互动探究 29 ③In my opinion, more importance should be attached to____________ (develop) students’ ability to solve problems.  (2)熟词生义 He had grown deeply attached to the little village, finding peace in its simple way of life. 　　　　　 　　  developing adj.非常喜欢……的,依恋的 考点互动探究 30 (3)完成句子 ①[2025·北京卷] The feeling of success_______________________________ 　　　　　 (不再与……挂钩) what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. (读后续写之个人感悟) ②We call on all of you________________________________________________ 　　(重视节约粮食). (应用文写作之倡议书) 　 was no longer attached to to attach importance/significance to saving food 考点互动探究 31 7 flash　n.闪光,闪耀;(想法的)突现,(情感的)突发;闪现 v.(使)闪耀,闪光;(快速地)出示;闪现;飞速运动,掠过;突然想到,猛然想起 (1)in a flash　　　　 　 转瞬间;立即 a flash of anger/grief/inspiration 怒上心头/一阵悲伤/灵感闪现 (2)flash through one’s mind 脑海中一闪而过 flash across one’s face 脸上闪过 考点互动探究 32 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 He raised his head slightly, his eyes 　　　　 (flash) with amusement. (2)完成句子 ①[译林选必四U4] Four years had disappeared 　　　　　(转瞬间). I stood with my certificate in hand and reflected on those four years. flashing in a flash 考点互动探究 33 ②　　　　　　　　　　　(一阵悲伤) came upon her when she heard the news. (读后续写之情感描写) ③A terrible thought 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(闪过我的脑海); I could feel my heart pounding wildly. (读后续写之心理描写) ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(她的脸上闪过满意的微笑), her eyes shining with joy. (读后续写之情感描写) A flash of grief flashed through my mind A satisfied smile flashed across her face 考点互动探究 34 ● in addition　除此之外,另外 (1)in addition to(=as well as=besides) 除……以外(还) (2)additional adj. 附加的;额外的 (3)additionally adv. 另外 考点互动探究 35 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①[2021·北京卷] In addition to 　　 　　　(improve) emotional health, what do you think are some other benefits of resolving an argument? ②[2025·全国一卷] I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting________________ 　　　 (addition) photos, another asking for a price cut. improving additional 考点互动探究 36 (2)完成句子 ①[2024·全国甲卷书面表达] 　　　　　 　(另外), the new energy vehicle is also important in our daily life. It can not only save energy but also reduce pollution. (应用文写作话题之交通工具) ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(除了打扫房子), it is also customary to decorate it with red lanterns and couplets for the Spring Festival. (应用文写作话题之节日庆祝) 　 In addition/Additionally In addition to/Besides/As well as cleaning the house 考点互动探究 37 ● (教材P44) In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head. 事实上,不止一种说法表明,虽然牛顿确实是受到了一个掉落的苹果的启发,但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。 句型公式 that引导同位语从句 考点互动探究 38 【句式点拨】 本句为主从复合句。句中proof后的that引导的是同位语从句。 (1)在that引导的同位语从句中,that在从句中不作任何成分,也无具体意义,只起连接作用,但是一般不能省略。 (2)引导同位语从句的连接词还有:whether, what, when, where, why, how等。 (3)常接同位语从句的抽象名词有:belief, doubt, news, hope, possibility, fact, idea, promise, suggestion等。 考点互动探究 39 【易混辨析】 that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别 类别 同位语从句 定语从句 功能 对前面的名词进行解释说明,是名词的内容的体现 对前面的名词进行修饰或限定 引导词 that的 作用 只起连接作用,不作成分,但一般不能省略 既替代先行词,又在从句中充当主语或宾语 考点互动探究 40 续表 类别 同位语从句 定语从句 例句 It’s a great mistake that he took the book without permission. 他未经允许就拿走了那本书,这是一个很大的错误 The mistake that he made has cost great loss to the company. 他犯的错误使公司损失惨重 考点互动探究 41 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①I made a promise to myself 　　　　this year, my first year in high school, would be different. ②The pressing question 　　 　　they could return before the storm made everyone anxious. 　 that whether 考点互动探究 42 (2)完成句子 ①It was after the competition that I came to the realization__________ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(竞争并不是真正的竞赛,而是对我们自己的考验), and that only when we step out bravely, can we understand its meaning. (读后续写之主题升华句) 　 that competition is not a real competition, but a test of ourselves 考点互动探究 43 ②The news___________________________________________________________ 　　　　　 (一个神秘的陌生人拯救了村庄) from the flood spread quickly, filling everyone’s heart with both gratitude and curiosity. 　 that a mysterious stranger had saved the village 考点互动探究 44 Ⅰ 单句填空 1.He found himself in a passive position, constantly feeling the 　　　　　(press) of making a decision that would impact his future. 2.Luckily, with his family’s care, Goldie’s 　　　　　(injure) is cured. 3.It is crucial to attach 　　　　　　　　(significant) to protecting our individual privacy in the virtual world. pressure injury significance 当堂过关检测 45 4.The strong desire 　　　　　　(become) a famous biologist encourages her to study harder. 5.The experimental results contradicted the previous theory_________ (entire), forcing scientists to do further researches. 6.Her extraordinary capability to solve complex mathematical problems with great 　　　　　　　(accurate) impressed both her teachers and peers. to become entirely accuracy 当堂过关检测 46 7.They will use the funds 　　　　　(flexible) to meet the needs of their local communities. 8.After conducting a thorough investigation, the team found minor errors in the calculations but no 　　　　　　(prove) of intentional misrepresentation. 9.A 　　　　　(science) experiment has been conducted by some chemists to test the hypothesis (假设). flexibly proof scientific 当堂过关检测 47 10.All four countries have adopted the 　　 　　(declare) against hunting rare animals. 11.It seems that you should make an adjustment to your____________ (origin) travel plan. 12.It was said that her last movie 　　　 　(shoot) on location in South America. 13.Sometimes we make our achievements possible not by___________ (brilliant) or talent but by determination. declaration original was shot brilliance 当堂过关检测 48 Ⅱ 短语检测 1.　　　　　　　　(此外), there will be no limits to the donation—that is, new or second-hand ones will be equally welcomed. 2.　　　　　　　　　(就……而言) campus life, joining a club is a major step towards making new friends. In addition In terms of 当堂过关检测 49 3.Our team is 　　　　　　　(有能力) conducting a comprehensive research project on renewable energy sources, utilizing the latest technologies and methodologies. 4.Returning to his hometown after a fifteen-year absence, he saw everything changed 　　　　　　　　　　　(面目全非). 5.A battery 　　　　　　　　(附加于) the solar panel stores energy during the day, allowing the system to power the house at night. capable of beyond recognition attached to 当堂过关检测 50 6.The scientists are beating their brains out, trying to________________ 　　　 (提出) a solution to the problem. 7.　　　　　　　 (代替, 而不是) relying on vague promises, the team presented concrete proof of their progress to convince the client to continue the partnership. 8.　　　　　　 　　(例如), virtual reality technology will allow you to explore new worlds and concepts, making learning more fun and exciting. come up with Instead of For instance/example 当堂过关检测 51 Ⅲ 句型与写作 1.The man couldn’t account for the fact______________________________ 　　　　　in his house. (同位语从句) 那个人无法解释这个事实,即丢失的手表是在他的房子里找到的。(读后续写之情节描写) that the lost watch was found 当堂过关检测 52 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 with the timely assistance of the firefighters. 由于消防队员的及时帮助,学生们和老师都没有受伤。(读后续写之灾难救援) 3.I turned to 　　　　　　　　　　　 　, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. 我转过身来,发现他向我走来,双脚向前摆动时,他的小身体左右摇摆。(读后续写之动作描写) Neither the students nor the teacher got injured find him coming towards me 当堂过关检测 53 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, the old man offered us invaluable advice on life’s challenges. (with复合结构) 由于对人性的深刻洞察,这位老人就如何应对人生挑战为我们提供了宝贵的建议。(读后续写之个人感悟) 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　all the students in the room would never forget. (强调句) 正是这些感人的话语,让房间里的所有学生都永生难忘。(应用文写作话题之学校生活) With a deep insight/deep insights into human nature It was these touching words that 当堂过关检测 54 Ⅰ 动词变形练 1.If 　　　　(keep) in the fridge, fruits can stay fresh for several days. 2.I thought he 　　　　　 (kid) when he said he was going out with a rock star. 3.He has been hunting for a job since he 　　　　(lay) off last week. kept was kidding was laid 语言素养提升 55 4.I wonder why he 　　　　(lie) about his age the first time we met. 5.He 　　　　　　(lie) down on the sofa and soon fell asleep. 6.He went out, leaving his papers (lie) open on the desk. 7.She 　　　　(lie) there for two hours up to now, not saying a word. lied lay lying has lain 语言素养提升 56 Ⅱ 构词法规则 构词法 前缀anti-表示“反……;抗……”; 前缀super-表示“超级,超过,过度” 指出下列黑体词的含义 1.In recent years, the development of life science and biotechnology has offered strong support for research of the anti-ageing medicine. 　　　　　   抗衰老的 语言素养提升 57 2.[北师必修二U6] She researched hundreds of traditional recipes connected to anti-malarial cures. 　　　　 　  3.Thanks to AI, I’ve got my own super-smart personal assistant built into my phone. 　　　 　　  抵抗疟疾的 超级智能的 语言素养提升 58 4.In the current economic conditions, the bank will be super-cautious about their new lending decisions. 　　　　 　  5.[沪教选必一U1] In the 1960s supersized popcorn went on sale in a movie theatre in Chicago. 　　　　 　  极度谨慎的 尺寸超级大的,远超常规尺寸的 语言素养提升 59 Ⅲ 熟词生义练 指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义 1.event ①[北师必修三U8] Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life. 　　　　　  ②The women’s 200-metre event will be followed by the men’s 100 metres. 　　　　　  事件 比赛项目 语言素养提升 60 ③[2022·全国乙卷] To celebrate the festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 　　　　　   公开活动 语言素养提升 61 2.explode ①The car was shaking heavily as if it would explode, making us feel upset. 　　　　　  ②The population of the city began to explode after the new factory opened, attracting many workers. 　　　　　  ③Jim exploded with anger when he heard how Mary had been treated. 　　　　 　  爆炸 激增 勃然(大怒) 语言素养提升 62 3.eye ①He eyed the delicious cake on the table, trying to resist the temptation to eat it.　　　　　  ②With a keen eye for fashion, she always knows the latest trends before anyone else. 　　 　  注视 眼光,鉴赏力 语言素养提升 63 4.feature ①One of the most important features of this software is its user-friendly interface, which makes it accessible to everyone. 　　　　　  ②[2023·浙江1月考] The large siheyuan ofthese high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often featured beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子).　　　 　　  ③There is a double-page feature on global warming on the Sunday Times._______________________ 特色,特点 特写,专题文章 以……为特色 语言素养提升 64 5.fine ①If found guilty, he will face six months in jail and a heavy fine. 　　　　　  ②Drivers who exceed the speed limit will be fined heavily. 　　　　  罚款 对……处以罚款 语言素养提升 65 Part Ⅰ 应用文写作 你校上周六组织高三学生参观了新北机器人制造公司(Xinbei Robots)。请你写一篇观后感, 给校英文报投稿, 内容包括: 1.参观过程; 2.你的收获和感想。 写作素养提升 66 写作素养提升 67 A visit to Xinbei Robots Last Saturday afternoon witnessed our visit to Xinbei Robots, 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (结果证明这是一次非常有益的活动). which turned out to be a very rewarding event 写作素养提升 68 During the visit, we were informed about the procedure of making robots and attended a lecture detailing the development of robots. 2.　　　　　　　　　(除此之外), the most exciting part was 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我们获得了与……互动的机会) those multifunctional robots. In addition that we were given the opportunity to interact with 写作素养提升 4._________________________________________________________________ 　　　　　　　　　 (我对科技给我们生活带来的非凡便利感到十分惊讶) and took great pride in the significant advances our country has made in this field. 5._______________________　　 _______________________________________________________________________　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　(正是新北机器人的先进技术激励着我去追求我的梦想)—to become a scientist and 6.______________________________________________________ (为我们国家充满希望的未来做出贡献). I was amazed by the extraordinary convenience that technology has brought to our lives It was the advanced technology at Xinbei Robots that inspired me to pursue my dream contribute to the promising future of our country 写作素养提升 Part Ⅱ 读后续写 15.动作描写——面部动作 【语言素材】 扬起眉毛 raise one’s eyebrows 扬起下巴 raise one’s chin 皱眉 frown 竖起耳朵 prick up one’s ears 做鬼脸 make faces 厌恶地捏住鼻子 pinch one’s nose in disgust 写作素养提升 71 续表 捂住耳朵 cover one’s ears 擤鼻子 blow one’s nose 咬紧牙关 tighten one’s jaw 吐舌头 stick out one’s tongue 对某人使眼色 wink at sb 面无表情 show a poker face 脸红 flush red 面颊发烫 One’s cheeks burn 写作素养提升 72 【跟踪演练】 Ⅰ 单句表达 1.She 　　　　　　　　　　　in surprise when she heard the news. 听到这个消息时,她惊讶地扬起了眉毛。 2.She 　　　　　　　　　　and walked with confidence. 她扬起下巴,自信地走着。 raised her eyebrows raised her chin 写作素养提升 73 3.As he struggled to understand the complex instructions, he in confusion. 当他努力理解复杂的指示时,他困惑地皱起了眉头。 4.She 　　　　　　　　　　to catch every word of the conversation. 她竖起耳朵,想抓住对话中的每一个字。 frowned pricked up her ears 写作素养提升 74 5.She 　　　　　　　　　　　to block out the loud music from the neighbour’s party next door. 她捂住耳朵以隔绝从隔壁邻居的派对传来的嘈杂音乐。 6.He 　　　　　　　his friend to signal that everything was okay. 他朝朋友使眼色,示意一切正常。 covered her ears winked at 写作素养提升 75 Ⅱ 语段表达 Tom is a naughty student who is always playing tricks in class. One day, when the maths teacher was writing on the blackboard, he started 1. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (朝着同学做鬼脸). He 2.　　　　　　　　　　(扬起眉毛) and puffed out his cheeks like a goldfish blowing bubbles. Seeing this, Emily, his deskmate, 3. (皱眉) in disgust. making faces at his classmates raised his eyebrows frowned 写作素养提升 76 She was fed up with these stupid tricks and never found them funny. However, it seemed that Tom was unaware of Emily’s reaction. He 4.　　　　　　　　　　(吐舌头) at the teacher’s back, which made the whole class burst into giggles. Some 5.　　　　　　 　　　(捂住嘴), trying not to laugh too loudly, while others 6.__________________　　 　　　(彼此使眼色), signaling to look at Tom. Emily was even angrier. She 7.　　　　　　　　(捂住耳朵) and 8.　　　　　　　　　　(咬紧牙关) to hold back her anger. stuck out his tongue covered their mouths winked at each other covered her ears tightened her jaw 写作素养提升 The laughter grew louder, catching the teacher’s attention. He stopped writing and turned around sharply. The students quickly fell silent. The teacher 9.　　　　　　　 (抬起下巴) and gave Tom a stern look, saying, “Tom, save the jokes for break time. We’re here to learn.” Tom’s face 10.　　　　　 (发红) and he promised to behave for the rest of the class. From then on, he thought twice before pulling pranks in class. raised his chin flushed red 写作素养提升 课 时 作 业 79 Ⅰ 阅读理解 A[2025·山东潍坊高三学科素养能力测评] 文体:说明文　主题:人与社会　词数:286 The world is not short of biographies of Marie Curie, but American science writer Dava Sobel has taken a new approach. In her engaging account of the physicist’s life, she focuses on her legacy (精神遗产) of encouraging other women into science. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (限时：35分钟) 课 时 作 业 80 The book is cleverly structured. Each chapter is assigned a chemical element or material and the name of the person whose work either advanced knowledge of that substance or narrowed Curie’s focus on it. This allows Sobel to trace Curie’s life and its major milestones in time order, introducing a new player with each chapter. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 Even though it’s now more than 120 years since Curie became the first woman to be awarded a Nobel prize, she remains the most widely recognized female scientist. Sobel acknowledges this as a reason for writing another biography and as motivation to continue her trademark approach to writing about science by highlighting women whose contributions and discoveries remain overlooked—one used convincingly in her earlier book, The Glass Universe. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 Sobel’s storytelling is inviting and her research is delicately detailed. But in many of the book’s chapters, science dominates and the inner lives of these women remain unclear. The Canadian physicist Harriet Brooks stands out as an example of a life story left hanging. She quit Curie’s lab and later weakened Curie’s influence by publicly suggesting that Curie’s output had decreased without her husband Pierre. What motivated Brooks remains an open question. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 One of the most touching passages comes right at the end. A list of “radioactivists” simply notes everyone’s birth and death dates, main achievements and cause of death—a distinct reminder that Curie and many other women paid the ultimate price for their radioactive research. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一名美国科普作家撰写的居里夫人传记,主要包括其新视角、组织结构、创作动机、写作特点和亮点。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 ( )1. How is Sobel’s biography of Curie structured? A.It compares young scientists’ tough life. B.Each chapter tracks Curie’s major milestones. C.Each chapter combines an element with a scientist. D.It centres on encouraging other women into science. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 86 [解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Each chapter is assigned a chemical element or material and the name of the person whose work either advanced knowledge of that substance or narrowed Curie’s focus on it. This allows Sobel to trace Curie’s life and its major milestones in time order, introducing a new player with each chapter.”可知,这本传记中每一章将一种元素与一位科学家结合。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 87 ( )2. What drives Sobel to write Curie’s biography? A.Sobel’s trademark approach. B.Curie’s overlooked discoveries. C.Sobel’s convincing writing style. D.Curie’s remarkable achievements. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 88 [解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Even though it’s now more than 120 years since Curie became the first woman to be awarded a Nobel prize, she remains the most widely recognized female scientist. Sobel acknowledges this as a reason for writing another biography...”可知,居里夫人的卓越成就促使索贝尔撰写这本传记。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 89 ( )3. Why is Harriet Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 4? A.To tell a sad story about Curie. B.To highlight the role of Curie’s husband. C.To demonstrate the biography’s writing feature. D.To indicate the vividness of description in the biography. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 90 [解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段中“But in many of the book’s chapters, science dominates and the inner lives of these women remain unclear. The Canadian physicist Harriet Brooks stands out as an example of a life story left hanging. She quit Curie’s lab and later weakened Curie’s influence by publicly suggesting that Curie’s output had decreased without her husband Pierre. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 91 What motivated Brooks remains an open question.”可知,此处先提到这本传记的写作上存在重科学,轻女性科学家内心生活的特点,再提到哈里特·布鲁克斯的故事,表明其行事背后的动机仍然未知。由此可知,这里提到她的故事是为了说明传记的写作特点。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 92 ( )4. What does the “radioactivists” list serve as in Sobel’s biography of Curie? A.A creative clue.　 B.An extra review. C.A finishing touch. D.An awful ending. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 93 [解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“One of the most touching passages comes right at the end. A list of ‘radioactivists’ simply notes everyone’s birth and death dates, main achievements and cause of death—a distinct reminder that Curie and many other women paid the ultimate price for their radioactive research.”可知,这一名单让读者知晓居里夫人和其他许多女性为放射性研究付出了巨大代价,为传记增添了情感深度。由此可知,名单起到了画龙点睛的作用。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 94 B[2025·江苏连云港高三一模] 文体:说明文　主题:人与社会　词数:336 If your colleague bores you to tears with pictures of their lunch, then a new device named “e-Taste” might make things worse. The US-based scientists have developed the device to recreate food and drink flavours, allowing them to be shared remotely within seconds. The team suggests it could be used to enhance virtual reality and boost immersive (沉浸式的) experiences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 95 It could also prove useful for biomedical research or even for “virtual food adventures”. The scientists report their e-Taste device has two key components. The first is a sensing platform—or “electronic tongue”—that captures data about the concentration (浓度) of five different taste chemicals in a liquid sample and sends the information wirelessly to the second component. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 Then the second component uses small electromagnetic pumps to push liquids through a layer of gel (凝胶) containing five edible taste chemicals, allowing their delivery to an outlet, placed in a recipient’s mouth, to be controlled. The five taste chemicals, which can be mixed before delivery, correspond to the original item’s flavours: sweetness, sourness, saltiness, bitterness and the savoury taste (鲜味). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 In a test, six volunteers were asked to sample different combinations of liquids containing the flavour chemicals, with the combinations designed to represent five different edible items—lemonade, cake, fried egg, coffee, and fish soup. They were then asked to taste a liquid generated by the system and select the foods they thought it represented. Overall, they completed the task with accuracy rate of almost 87%—although spiciness is yet to be cracked. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 Experts in this area applaud the progress, calling it a “compelling step” for digital taste experiences. However, the team notes the system requires further development, not least as there are taste sensations the device cannot reproduce, such as spiciness and fattiness. While not perfect, e-Taste opens doors to immersive dining simulations and could be used to enhance VR and AR systems and sensory research in the future. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国科学家开发的e-Taste设备,它能远程分享食物与饮品的味道。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 ( )5. What can the e-Taste device do? A.Reproduce spiciness and fattiness. B.Share flavours quickly over distance. C.Create new flavours for food and drinks. D.Improve the taste of virtual reality equipment. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 101 [解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The US-based scientists have developed the device to recreate food and drink flavours, allowing them to be shared remotely within seconds.”可知,e-Taste设备可以快速远距离分享味道。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 102 ( )6. How does the “electronic tongue” work in e-Taste? A.By producing edible gel layers. B.By generating electromagnetic signals. C.By collecting chemical data from liquids. D.By transferring food samples wirelessly. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 103 [解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The first is a sensing platform—or ‘electronic tongue’—that captures data about the concentration (浓度) of five different taste chemicals in a liquid sample and sends the information wirelessly to the second component.”(第一个是传感平台,即“电子舌”,它可以捕捉液体样本中五种不同味道化学物质的浓度数据,并将信息无线发送到第二个组件。)可知,“电子舌”通过从液体中收集化学数据来工作。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 104 ( )7. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 4? A.Liquid. B.System. C.Chemical. D.Food. [解析] 代词指代题。根据第四段中“They were then asked to taste a liquid generated by the system and select the foods they thought it represented.”和指代关系可知,指示代词it指代前面提到的liquid。故选A。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 105 ( )8. What is the best title for the text? A.VR breakthrough: taste and vision combined B.Biological discovery: taste chemicals detected　 C.Virtual dining revolution: full meals recreated　 D.Taste digitalization: remote taste copying achieved √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 106 [解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第一段中“The US-based scientists have developed the device to recreate food and drink flavours, allowing them to be shared remotely within seconds.”和最后一段中“While not perfect, e-Taste opens doors to immersive dining simulations and could be used to enhance VR and AR systems and sensory research in the future.” 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 (虽然并不完美,但e-Taste为沉浸式餐饮模拟打开了大门,未来可用于增强虚拟现实和增强现实系统以及感官研究。)可知,文章主要围绕e-Taste设备实现味觉数字化、远程复制味道展开。D选项“Taste digitalization: remote taste copying achieved”(味觉数字化:实现远程味道复制)能概括文章主要内容,最适合做文章标题。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 C[2025·全国一卷] 文体:说明文　主题:人与社会　词数:323 Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 109 Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑料污染已遍及全球,甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现,将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤可能会显著降低自来水中的微塑料含量。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质,但揭示了一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出,该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性,并建议升级饮用水处理厂以推广应用。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 ( )9. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A.By quoting an expert. B.By defining a concept. C.By giving examples. D.By providing statistics. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 115 [解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans.”(微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在深海和喜马拉雅山上,嵌入火山岩中,填满海鸟的胃,甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现在人类体内。)可推知,作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 116 ( )10. What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? A.The hardness of water. B.The length of cooling time. C.The frequency of filtering. D.The type of plastic in water. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 117 [解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.” 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 118 (至关重要的是,这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来截留塑料。在这项研究中,将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后,塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中,煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量。)可知,决定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水的硬度。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 119 ( )11. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in Paragraph 4? A.The importance of plastic recycling. B.The severity of the microplastic problem. C.The danger in overusing pure water. D.The difficulty in treating polluted water. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 120 [解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.”(尽管如此,研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候,科学家们发现,即使是瓶装水,其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)可推断,作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故 选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 ( )12. What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about? A.Choice of new research methods. B.Possible direction for further study. C.Need to involve more researchers. D.Potential application of the findings. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 122 [解析] 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“‘The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,’ Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. ‘We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.’” 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 (苏格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay没有参与这项研究,他告诉《新科学家》杂志:“他们展示微塑料如何在煮沸过程中被截留的方式很不错。我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂,以便它们能去除微塑料。”)可推知,Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay的建议是关于这项研究结果的潜在应用的,即升级饮用水处理厂。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 课 时 作 业 Ⅱ 应用文写作［2025·湖南常德高三一模］ 假定你是李华,上个月参加了学校举行的“科技改变生活”英文海报设计大赛。请你给你的英国好友Peter写一封邮件分享这次经历,内容包括: 1.你设计的作品; 2.你的感想。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 课 时 作 业 125 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 课 时 作 业 126 One possible version: Dear Peter, How is everything going? I’m excited to share with you our school’s English Poster Competition I participated in last month. The theme of the competition is “Technology Changes Lives”. My poster focused on how AI is creating a better life, illustrated by robots helping with housework. I added the slogan “Technology Creates Dreams” to inspire others. 课 时 作 业 127 I strongly believe that encouraging young people to engage with technology can contribute to a brighter future. This contest deepened my appreciation of technology’s role in shaping our future. I found it truly inspiring! What’s your view on this? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 课 时 作 业 128 A.词汇积累 1.engaging adj.有趣的;迷人的 2.recognized adj.公认的;经过验证的 3.suggest v.暗示;建议;表明;使认为 4.outlet n.排出口 5.accuracy n.准确(性);精确(程度) 6.compelling adj.引人注目的;令人信服的 课 时 作 业 129 7.sensation n.感觉,知觉 8.exposure n.暴露;揭露;面临,遭受 B.熟词生义 plant n.工厂<生义>;植物;设备 v.种植;播种;安置 We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics. (阅读C, Para.5) 【译文】 我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂,以去除水中的微塑料。 课 时 作 业 130 C.长难句分析 Then the second component uses small electromagnetic pumps to push liquids through a layer of gel (凝胶) containing five edible taste chemicals, allowing their delivery to an outlet, placed in a recipient’s mouth, to be controlled. (阅读B, Para.2) 【分析】 containing five edible taste chemicals是现在分词短语作定语,修饰名词gel;allowing their delivery to an outlet, placed in a recipient’s mouth, to be controlled是现在分词短语作结果状语, 课 时 作 业 131 其中placed in a recipient’s mouth是过去分词短语作定语,修饰outlet,与outlet为被动关系。 【译文】 然后,第二个组件利用微型电磁泵推动液体流经一层含有五种食用味觉化学物质的凝胶,从而实现对输送到接收者口中出口的 控制。 课 时 作 业 132 $