专题09 被动语态（知识清单）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦被动语态专题，涵盖被动语态基本用法、特殊场合及非谓语主动表被动三大核心考点，通过知识脑图搭建体系框架，考点深研分层突破重难点，优题精练强化实战应用。 清单以知识脑图梳理脉络，分层呈现时态结构、主动表被动等关键知识点，如标注感官动词被动需加to等易错点培养思维品质。配套高考真题分类精练和写作升格模块，即时训练结合解析提升语言能力，助力学生自主复习，教师可据此优化教学策略。

专题09 被动语态（知识清单） 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 被动语态 知识点1 被动语态基本用法 知识点2 被动语态常用结构 知识点3 被动语态典型场合 知识点4 被动语态典型用法 考点二 不能用被动语态场合 知识点1 measure, weigh接短语主动表被动 知识点2 write, sell等用于“动词+副词”结构 知识点3 feel, seem等用于“系动词+表语”结构 知识点4 happen, occur等动词不能用于被动语态 知识点5 date back to等短语不能用于被动语态 考点三 非谓语主动表被动 知识点1 want，deserve等接动名词主动表被动 知识点2 be worth doing动名词主动表被动 知识点3 be to blame结构不定式主动表被动 知识点4 “be+形容词+不定式”主动表被动 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 高考真题（被动语态） 名校模拟（被动语态） 写作升格（被动语态,26真题素材） 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 被动语态 考点一 被动语态 知识点1 被动语态基本用法 被动语态由“be +过去分词”构成，时态和主谓一致通过 be动词的变化来体现。 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/ are+ done Rice is grown in the south. 一般过去时 am/is/ are+ done The letter was sent yesterday. 含情态动词 情态动词+be+ done The rules must be followed. 现在进行时 am/is/ are+ being+ done A bridge is being built now. 过去进行时 was/ were+ being+ done The room was being cleaned at 8 last night. 一般将来时 will+ be+ done The problem will be solved soon. 现在完成时 have/ has +been+ done So far all tasks have been finished. 过去完成时 had +been+ done The work had been done before he came. 知识点2 被动语态常用结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 be+过去分词 The window is cleaned every day. 否定句 be+not+过去分词 The window is not cleaned every day. 一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词 Is the window cleaned every day? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be +主语+过去分词? When is the window cleaned? 知识点3被动语态典型场合 场合 例句 强调动作的承受者 The little boy was saved by a doctor. 不知道动作的执行者 The zipper was invented in 1893. 没有必要指出动作的执行者 These toys are designed for children. 当动作的执行者不是人时 The houses were destroyed by the heavy flood. 有些动词习惯上只用于被动语态 Tom was born in New York in August 2024. 句型“It is+过去分词+that 从句 It is believed that hard work leads to success. 知识点4被动语态典型用法 1. “be+过去分词+(by…) ” 是被动语态最基本形式。 The old wooden bridge was rebuilt last year by local villagers. 这座老旧木桥去年由当地村民重新修建。 A new reading hall is being built beside the playground by workers. 工人正在操场旁修建一座新阅览室。 2. “get+过去分词+(by…) ” 这种结构多用在口语中，强调动作的结果。多用于一些短语中，如get caught, get burnt, get lost, get paid, get promoted等等。 Many workers get paid by the company on the last day of each month. 很多员工每月最后一天由公司发放工资。 If you touch the hot pot, your hands will get burnt badly in seconds. 如果你触碰热锅，你的手几秒内就会被严重烫伤。 3. “情态动词+be+过去分词”结构也是被动语态，常见情态动词有can, may, must, could, would, should等。 Such bad habits should not be ignored by young students at school. 在校青少年不应当忽视这类不良习惯。 What safety rules must be followed when we enter the lab? 我们进入实验室时必须遵守哪些安全规定？ 4.带双宾语的谓语动词变被动语态，若将直接宾语转化成主语，则保留间接宾语，并且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。 主动语态变为被动语态后，间接宾语前带to的动词有：bring，give，send，show，take，pass，lend， post，teach，write，throw，hand等；间接宾语前带for的动词有：buy，cook，find，get，make，save 等。 A brand-new basketball will be bought for him as his birthday gift. 会买一个全新篮球给他当作生日礼物。 The precious medal will not be given to anyone outside the team. 这枚珍贵奖章不会交给队伍以外的任何人。 5. “主+谓+宾+宾补”结构变被动语态，只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处(谓语动词后面)，成为主语补足语。  易错提醒：感官动词(see，watch，hear，feel, notice等)和使役动词(have，let，make等)后使用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。变成被动语态后要增加to，不定式为主语补足语。 We often hear him play the guitar.我们经常听到他弹吉他。(主动语态) →He is often heard to play the guitar by us.(被动语态) She was made to cry by their words. 她被他们的话弄哭了。 6. 动词短语的介词或副词在被动结构中不可省略。 All sick animals are looked after patiently by the zoo keepers every day. 动物园饲养员每天耐心照料所有生病的动物。 All written papers must be handed in before ten o’clock this morning. 所有书面试卷必须在今早十点前上交。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.（2025-2026北京高二期末）The library ____________ (decorate) for the reading festival when I walked in. 1. was being decorated 【解析】句意：我走进去的时候，图书馆正在为读书节布置装饰。根据时间状语when I walked in可知，此处表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的动作，使用过去进行时，the library和decorate为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。 2.（25-26高二下·广东惠州·期末）Since the online reading platform was created, many young readers ____________ (inspire) by the stories shared on it. 2. have been inspired 【解析】句意：自从这个在线阅读平台创立以来，许多年轻读者都被平台上分享的故事所激励。句中since引导时间状语从句，主句动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时；主语“many young readers”与动词 inspire之间为被动关系（读者被故事激励），谓语动词用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，所以填have been inspired。 3．（25-26高二下·广东惠州·期末）Over one hundred graduates ____________ (employ) by this large company so far. 3. have been employed 【解析】句意：到目前为止，已有一百多名毕业生被这家大公司录用。此处作句子谓语，主语graduates与employ是被动关系；时间标志so far提示使用现在完成时；主语为复数，现在完成时被动结构为have been done，employ的过去分词为employed，所以应填have been employed。 4.（25-26高二下·广东惠州·期末）Excellent students from all provinces will ____________ (admit) to this key university this summer. 4. be admitted 【解析】句意：今年夏天，来自各省的优秀学生将被这所重点大学录取。空格处是谓语动词，句子的主语Excellent students与动词admit之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；结合空格前的will和时间状语this summer可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be admitted。 5.（26-27高三·上海·初升高衔接）Look! The guests ____________ (show) around the factory. 5. are being shown 【解析】句意：看！客人们在被领着参观工厂。show(带领，引领)是句中谓语动词，与主语The guests之间是被动关系，结合Look!可知，描述正在发生的事情，用现在进行时的被动语态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语也用复数形式，be动词用are，show的过去分词为shown。 6.（25-26高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段检测）She never gave up hope and created many literary works that ____________ (leave) for generations to appreciate to date. 6.have been left 【解析】句意：她从未放弃希望，创作了大量文学作品，至今仍被世代珍视。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，先行词literary works和动词leave之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。时间状语to date是现在完成时的标志，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，对现在仍有影响，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态have been left。 7．（25-26高二下·广东东莞·期中）Her poem themed her deep love for children____________ (submit) to the national poetry contest before the deadline last month. 7.was submitted 【解析】句意：她的这首以对孩子们的深厚感情为主题的诗，是在上个月的截止日期前提交参加全国诗歌比赛的。主语poem与submit构成被动关系，结合后文last month可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 8．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Listen! The English song____________ (sing) by the children. 8.is being sung 【解析】句意：听！这首英文歌正在被孩子们唱（着）。根据Listen!可知，动作正在进行；主语The English song与sing之间为被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语The English song为单数，谓语用is being sung。 9．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The road____________ (repair) at this moment yesterday, so we had to take another way. 9.was being repaired 【解析】 句意：昨天这个时候这条路正在被维修，所以我们不得不走另一条路。 at this moment yesterday表明是过去某个具体时刻正在发生的动作，要用过去进行时。The road与 repair 之间是被动关系，即路被维修，所以要用过去进行时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + being + 过去分词”。主语The road是单数，be 动词用 was，repair的过去分词是repaired。 10．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）This is the first time that such a high building____________ (build) in the town. 10.has been built 【解析】 句意：这是这个镇上第一次建造如此高的建筑物。 This is the first time that...是固定句型，意为“这是第一次……”，that从句中通常用现在完成时。又因为a high building与build之间是被动关系，即高楼被建造，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has + been + 过去分词”，主语a high building是单数，助动词用has，build的过去分词为built。 11．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）By the time we got to the hall, all seats____________(take). 11.had been taken 【解析】句意：当我们到达大厅时，所有座位都已被占了。got to是一般过去时，“座位被占”这个动作发生在got to之前，即“过去的过去”，且seats与take是被动关系，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态，结构为“had been +过去分词” ，take的过去分词是taken。 12．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The road____________ (repair) at 9 o’clock yesterday morning. 12.was being repaired 【解析】句意：昨天上午九点那条路正在被维修。根据时间状语at 9 o’clock yesterday morning可知，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时；主语The road与repair之间为被动关系，故用过去进行时的被动语态。主语The road为单数，谓语用was being repaired。 13．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）He felt very embarrassed because he____________ (defeat) by a 9-year-old boy in the contest. 13.was defeated 【解析】句意：他感到非常尴尬，因为在这场比赛中他被一个9岁的男孩打败了。根据空前动词felt可知，本空动作发生在过去，且主语he和动词defeat之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般过去时的被动语态，he为第三人称单数。 14．（25-26高二下·内蒙古乌海·阶段检测）Many trees____________ (plant) along the road during the past ten years. 14.have been planted 【解析】句意：在过去十年间，沿路已经栽种了许多树木。 时间状语during the past ten years是现在完成时标志，主语Many trees和动词plant是被动关系，主语trees为复数，需使用现在完成时的被动语态have been planted。 15．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）It was reported that another bridge ____________ (build) across the Yangtze River the next year. 15.would be built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，明年将在长江上再建一座桥。bridge和build之间是被动关系，根据主句中was以及从句中“the next year”可知，此处应用过去将来时的被动语态，故填would be built。 考点二 不能用被动语态场合 知识点1 measure, weigh接短语主动表被动 measure, weigh表示“测量起来，称重起来”，后接短语时，主动形式表示被动意义。 Each fresh apple weighs nearly two hundred grams on average. 每个新鲜苹果平均称重接近两百克。 The small garden measures thirty meters across from east to west. 这座小花园东西跨度有三十米。 知识点2 write, sell等用于“动词+副词”结构 write, read, sell, wear, wash, open, shut等动词多用于“动词+副词”结构，表示主语的某种属性，常用主动形式表被动意义。 This thick cotton jacket wears well and never gets torn quickly. 这件厚棉外套十分耐穿，不容易破损。 The glass window shuts quietly and blocks cold wind in winter. 这扇玻璃窗闭合静音，冬天能阻挡寒风。 知识点3 feel, seem等用于“系动词+表语”结构 ①感官类系动词：look, seem, appear, feel, sound, taste, smell ②变化类系动词：become, turn, come, go, fall, get ③保持证明类系动词：stay, keep, be, remain, prove, turn out This moving speech sounds encouraging to every hard-working student 这篇感人演讲听来激励每一位努力拼搏的学生。 The soft wool sweater feels warm and comfortable in cold winter days. 这件柔软羊毛衫在寒冬摸起来温暖又舒适。 知识点4 happen, occur等动词不能用于被动语态 某些不及物动词，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用主动形式。这类动词有：happen发生, occur突然想到, exist存在，remain仍然，last持续，rise上升，arise出现。 Huge cultural differences exist between eastern and western countries. 东西方国家之间存在巨大的文化差异。 Many old customs remain popular among local elder villagers here. 许多古老习俗在当地年长村民中依旧盛行。 知识点5 belong to等短语不能用于被动语态 某些不及物动词短语，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用主动形式。此类短语有：come out出版, come into being产生, consist of由……组成，come about发生, break out爆发, belong to属于, date from=date back to追溯到, arise from由……引起, run out用光，pay off努力得到回报等。 The team consists of five students with different special talents. 这支队伍由五位拥有不同特长的学生组成。 What great pressure arises from heavy daily school homework? 繁重的日常课业会带来哪些巨大压力？ 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高一·全国·寒假作业）The music (sound) beautiful and it makes me think of my hometown. 1.sounds 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这段音乐听起来很美妙，它让我想起了我的家乡。sound是感官系动词，无被动语态；句子描述客观感受，用一般现在时，主语the music为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填sounds。 2．（25-26高一·全国·寒假作业）According to the school notice, the sports meeting (take) place next Wednesday if there is no rain. 2.will take 【解析】考查动词时态和固定用法。句意：根据学校通知，如果不下雨，运动会将于下周三举行。take place为不及物动词短语，无被动语态；if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句需用一般将来时，其结构“为will+动词原形”。故填will take。 3．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The water (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 3.felt 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：当我跳进泳池进行晨练时，水摸起来很凉。设空处为句子的谓语动词；根据从句“when I jumped into the pool”可知用一般过去时；feel在此处为系动词，意为“摸起来”，其过去式为felt，后接形容词cool作表语，无被动语态。故填felt。 4.（25-26高三下·全国·一轮复习）Great Expectations (sell) well, but not all books (sell) out yet. 4. sells, have been sold 【解析】考查时态和语态以及主动表达被动。句意：《远大前程》卖得很好，但并不是所有的书都卖光了。but之前的句子为一般现在时，表达主语内在的“品质”或“性能”的一些词，比如:lock, shut, open, write, sell, wash... 用主动语态。所以第一个空为sells。根据句意可知，but之后的句子为现在完成时，主语与谓语为被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填sells，have been sold。 5．（25-26高一上·全国·课后作业）It (prove) that the method is safe and reliable by practice. 5.has proved 【解析】考查时态。句意：实践证明，该方法安全可靠。分析可知，所填动词为主句谓语动词，根据后文“by practice(经实践证明)”语境可推知，句子讲述的应是过去发生的实践对现在造成的结果，应是用现在完成时表达，“prove”意为“证明是”，为系动词，不用被动语态，主语“It”为第三人称单数，应是“has done”。故填has proved。 6．（25-26高三上·黑龙江双鸭山·期中）This glass (break) easily, so please put a “Handle with Care” sticker on the box before you mail it. 6.breaks 【解析】句意：这种玻璃容易碎，所以邮寄前请在箱子上贴上“小心轻放”标签。此处描述物品本身固有的属性，用一般现在时的主动形式，主语this glass为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式breaks。 7．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）The comedy script (read) easily, and the plot (develop) smoothly as the story goes on. 7. reads, develops 【解析】句意：这个喜剧剧本读起来很轻松，随着故事的发展，情节推进得很流畅。对于描述事物内在特性的动词，如read，用主动形式表被动意义，且句子描述剧本的一般特性，用一般现在时，主语The comedy script是第三人称单数，所以read用第三人称单数形式reads。develop同理，描述情节推进这一一般情况，主语the plot是第三人称单数，develop也用第三人称单数形式develops。 8．（25-26高二下·北京朝阳·期中）This newly developed cloth (wash) easily and dries within minutes, making it ideal for outdoor sportswear. 8.washes 【解析】句意：这种新研发的布料易洗且几分钟内就能晾干，非常适合做户外运动服装。此处描述事物本身固有特性，用主动表被动，主语为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，所以谓语动词为washes。 9．（25-26高一上·上海徐汇·期中）Mrs. Lee wants that kind of cloth because she has been told that it (wash) very well. 9.washes 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：李太太想要那种布，因为有人告诉她那种布很耐洗。空前的it指代前面的that kind of cloth，由very well可知，此处表示“那种布很耐洗”，描述的是主语内在的性质、性能，应用一般现在时的主动形式表示被动意义，且主语it是第三人称单数，因此wash应用单数形式。故填washes。 10．（25-26高三上·河北衡水·期中）It’s generally acknowledged that education shouldn’t (measure) only by examination results. 10.be measured 【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：人们普遍认为教育不应该仅仅用考试成绩来衡量。该句是复合句，含that引导的主语从句，从句主语education和谓语动词measure之间是被动关系，是含情态动词的被动语态。故答案为be measured。 考点三 非谓语主动表被动 知识点1 want，deserve等接动名词主动表被动 want/need/require+doing= want/need/require +to be +过去分词，该句型表示“某物需要……”。deserve+ doing= deserve +to be +过去分词，该句型表示“值得……”。 The old garden wall needs repairing before the rainy season comes. = The old garden wall needs to be repaired before the rainy season comes. 雨季来临前，这座老旧院墙需要修缮。 Every honest student deserves respecting from all teachers around. = Every honest student deserves to be respected from all teachers around. 每一位诚实的学生都值得身边所有老师尊重。 知识点2 be worth doing结构主动表被动 be worth doing表示“值得做”，动名词主动形式表示被动意义。 All the ancient paintings in the gallery are worth appreciating again and again. 展厅里所有古画都值得人们反复细细欣赏。 Which scenic spot around our city is worth visiting this summer holiday? 我们城市周边哪个景点值得今年暑假前去游览？ 知识点3 be to blame结构主动表被动 be to blame表示“该受到责备”， 不定式主动形式表示被动意义。 The careless driver is to blame for this serious road traffic accident. 这名粗心的司机应当为这起严重交通事故承担责任。 Is the heavy rain to blame for the cancellation of our outdoor activity? 户外活动取消，责任是否在于这场大雨？ 知识点4 “be+形容词+不定式”主动表被动 英语中“be+形容词+不定式短语”结构构成反射不定式，不定式主动形式表被动意义。 This long English passage is easy to understand for beginners. 这篇英语长短文对初学者来说很好理解。 The narrow mountain road is dangerous to drive on on rainy days. 雨天在这条狭窄山路上开车十分危险。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．25-26高二上·上海长宁·期中）The novel written by the author best, but five years ago no one could have imagined how great a role he was to play in the literary world. (sell) 1.sells 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：作者写的小说卖得最好，但五年前没有人能想象他在文坛上扮演的重要角色。动词sell，write，read，open，lock，shut，wear，wash，keep，cook，cut，burn，run等与well，smoothly，easily等连用时，说明主语内在的“性能”、“特点”，用主动形式表被动含义；又因这本小说现在销量最好，所以用一般现在时，且主语是novel，单数第三人称，故填sells。 2．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）This kind of rice (cook) quickly and (taste) delicious. 2. cooks, tastes 【解析】句意：这种米容易煮熟而且吃起来味道很好。此处均为谓语动词，陈述客观属性用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，cook和taste此处为主动形式表被动含义，谓语动词分别用第三人称单数cooks和tastes。 3．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Yuan Longping’s hybrid rice has helped so many people in the world get rid of hunger, so he deserves _____________ (give) so many awards. 3.giving/to be given 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：袁隆平的杂交水稻帮助了世界上如此多的人摆脱了饥饿，所以他值得被授予这么多奖项。“he”和“give”之间是被动关系，deserve doing用主动形式表被动含义，意为“值得被……”，相当于deserve to be done的被动结构。故填giving或to be given。 4．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）After the team’s defeat, the coach reflected calmly. He knew that the changing strategies were not entirely _____________ (blame). 4.to blame 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：球队失利后，教练冷静地进行了反思。他知道变换的战术并非完全该为此负责。固定用法be to blame表示“该受责备、应承担责任”，用主动形式表示被动含义。故填to blame。 5．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）The pink dress she wants to buy her daughter as her birthday present online _____________ (wash) easily. 5.washes 【解析】考查时态。句意：她想在网上买给女儿做生日礼物的那条粉色连衣裙，很容易清洗。此处作谓语，根据上文wants可知为一般现在时，且表示的是主语所具有的特征，应考虑用主动形式表示被动意义，主语为present，谓语用三单形式。故填washes。 6．（25-26高二·全国·寒假作业）This pen ____________ (write) smoothly and it’s my birthday gift from my father. 6.writes 【解析】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：这支笔写起来很顺滑，它是我父亲送给我的生日礼物。根据语境可知，此处描述的是事物的性质或特征，应用一般现在时，且需用主动形式表被动含义，来说明“钢笔书写流畅/顺滑”的属性；句子主语“this pen”为单数第三人称，谓语动词write用第三人称单数形式。故填writes。 7．（25-26高二·全国·专题练习）Many famous places of interest like Mount Wuyi and Gulang Island are well worth _____________ (visit). 7.visiting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多著名景点，如武夷山和鼓浪屿，都很值得游览。be worth doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，用主动形式表达被动含义。故填visiting。 8．（25-26高二·全国·课后作业）The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable _____________ (hold). 8.to hold 【解析】考查动词不定式作状语。句意：厚度和重量与先前版本的不同使得iPad 2拿着更舒服。形容词easy，hard，difficult，comfortable后用不定式作原因状语，且不定式与逻辑主语the iPad是动宾关系，需用不定式的主动形式表被动含义。故填to hold。 9．（25-26高二·全国·课后作业）The new phone is very easy _____________ (operate). Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. 9.to operate 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：这部新手机很容易操作。任何人都可以在几分钟内学会使用它。在“主语+be+性质形容词+to do”结构中，通常使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，其中常见的形容词有difficult，easy，hard，interesting，pleasant，nice等。主语“the new phone”与“operate”之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，使用不定式的主动式。故填to operate。 10．（25-26高二下·陕西西安·阶段检测）The room _____________ (measure) five meters across is comfortable to live in for a family. 10.measuring 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个房间宽5米，适合一家人居住。本句已有谓语is，动词measure用非谓语形式，逻辑主语The room与动词measure“量度为”是主谓关系，用现在分词，作后置定语修饰名词The room。故填measuring。 11．（25-26高二上·江苏无锡·期中）The dining table we found in the furniture shop, (measure) six feet long, was perfect for our family dinners. 11.measuring 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们在家具店找到的那张餐桌，长六英尺，非常适合我们家庭聚餐。句中已有谓语was，故空处需填非谓语动词形式，句中measure意为“测量起来有……长”，为不及物动词，measure与逻辑主语The dining table是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式measuring。故填measuring。 12．（25-26高二下·江苏南通·阶段检测）Standing at 1.4 meters tall and _____________ (weigh) 40 kilograms, these machines demonstrated real-world applications in food service. 12.weighing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些机器高1.4米、重40公斤，展示了在餐饮服务领域的实际应用。此处为非谓语动词作状语，与standing并列，weigh与逻辑主语these machines之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式为weighing意为“重量为”。故填weighing。 13．（24-25高二下·江苏常州·阶段检测）Not all problems (arise) from social discrimination can be addressed through communication. 13.arising 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：并非所有由社会歧视引发的问题都可以通过沟通解决。本句谓语为can be addressed，此处为非谓语动词，作定语，修饰problems。arise“产生，出现”与problems之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作后置定语。故填arising。 14．（23-24高二下·福建厦门·阶段检测）These soldiers deserve (remember) for the selfless sacrifices they have made to our country. 14.remembering/to be remembered 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些士兵为我们的国家做出了无私的牺牲，值得我们铭记。deserve doing是固定短语，意为“值得做某事”，用动名词主动形式表被动意义，等同于deserve to be done，因此空处用remember“纪念”的动名词形式，或不定式被动语态，作宾语。故填remembering/to be remembered。 15．（25-26高二上·福建厦门·阶段检测）_____________ (blame) by his teacher, the boy was frustrated and couldn’t concentrate on his study. 15.Blamed 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于受到老师的责备，这个男孩感到很沮丧，无法专心学习了。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语the boy与blame之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作原因状语。故填Blamed。 优题精练·专题实战通关 高考真题分类精炼（被动语态） 1. (2026全国二卷）In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I __________ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 1. am supposed 【解析】考查固定搭配和时态。句意：现在，我应该感受双腿受力，并将意念集中于丹田。固定搭配be supposed to do“应该做某事”，主语为I，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，be动词用am。 2. (2025全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ___________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 2. are revealed 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 3.（2025北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ___________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 3. are achieved 【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 4.（2025八省联考卷）Every language is worthy of respect and should ___________ (treat) equally. 4. be treated 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。主语Every language与动词treat“对待”构成被动关系，用be treated表被动，且位于情态动词should后，be用原形。故填be treated。 5. (2025天津3月卷改编）The reading materials ________(print) before the training began, so that everyone had a copy. 5. had been printed 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：这些阅读材料在培训开始前就已经印好了，因此每个人都能拿到一份。“打印阅读材料”发生在“培训开始”之前，“began”是过去式，过去的过去需用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），且主语与谓语构成被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been printed。 6. (2025天津6月卷改编）Deng Jiaxian was one of the 23 scientists who (award) for their extraordinary contributions to China’s “two bombs, one satellite” project. 6. were awarded 【解析】考查主谓一致和动词语态。句意：邓稼先，是因对中国“两弹一星”工程做出卓越贡献而获奖的 23 位科学家之一。who引导定语从句，先行词是the 23 scientists（复数名词），关系词who代替先行词在从句中作主语，且与award为被动关系，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。故填were awarded。 7. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 7. were used 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。 8.（2024全国甲卷）What should ___________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 8. be done 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 9.（2024浙江1月卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs. 9. be offered 【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 10.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ____________ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 10. was built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 11.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 11. was amazed 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 12.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 12. be employed 【解析】考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 13.（2023天津6月卷改编）The wooden tower that _________(restore) will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. 13. is being restored 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：正在修复的木塔很快将对游客开放，工程即将完工。此句the wooden tower是先行词，做定语从句的主语，restore是定语从句的谓语动词，二者在逻辑上是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。根据后文the work is almost finished，修复工作几乎快要结束，说明还没结束，修复、复原工作正在进行。所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being restored，故填is being restored。 14.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? 14 be appreciated 【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be appreciated。 15.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy. 15. is considered 【解析】考查动词时态。这里涉及到句式结构的分析，前面有and连接，所以and 后面的句子是需要有完整谓语的，BMI属于专有名词，用谓语is considered 即可。 16.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order. 16. was painted 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 17.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 17. was built 【解析】句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 18.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy. 18. is considered 【解析】考查动词时态。这里涉及到句式结构的分析，前面有and连接，所以and 后面的句子是需要有完整谓语的，BMI属于专有名词，用谓语is considered 即可。 19.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 19 be chosen 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。 20. （2007陕西卷）After the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _______________ (repair). 20. repairing/to be repaired。 【解析】考查主动形式被动意义。want/need/require doing=to be done需要做某事。故答案是repairing/to be repaired。 21. （2006安徽卷）Mr. Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _________ (balme). 21.to blame 【解析】考查动词时态。格林先生站出来为这名16岁少年辩护，声称过错并不在他。固定搭配 be to blame，不定式主动形式表被动含义，意为 “应受责备、该承担责任”。 22. (2008全国II)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ___________(breathe). 22.to breathe 【解析】考查主动形式被动意义。句意：我夏天喜欢起得很早，清晨的空气呼吸起来格外清爽。这里是“be+形容词+to do”结构，动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义。故用to breathe。 23.( 2010浙江卷)The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _____________(weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. 23.weighing 【解析】考查主动形式被动意义。句意：交通法规规定，四岁以下且体重不足 40 磅的儿童必须乘坐儿童安全座椅。这里under the age of four作定语；_____________(weigh) less than 40 pounds也作定语；同时weigh表示“重达……”，作谓语无被动语态；作非谓语只能用现在分词。故填weighing。 24. (2009重庆卷) Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ___________ (belong) to the well-educated. 24.belongs 【解析】考查主动形式被动意义。句意：威廉姆斯教授总告诫他的学生，未来属于受过良好教育的人。belong to表示“属于”，不能用于被动语态；结合语境这里应用一般现在时表示客观事实。故填belongs。 25.（2019全国I卷）Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___________ (perform) consistently over a large area. 25.to perform 【解析】考查主动形式被动意义。句意：追踪北极熊种群数量的现代方法直到 20 世纪 80 年代中期才开始投入使用，而且要在大范围区域持续实施，成本十分高昂。这里是“be+形容词+to do”结构，动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义。故用to perform。 名校模拟分类精炼（被动语态） 1．（2025-2026广东珠海市期末）About a month ago, I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind towards night, and the next morning I __________ (spot) by a ship. 1.was spotted 【解析】句意：大约一个月前，傍晚时分一阵大风把我刮到了海上，第二天早上我被一艘船发现了。and连接两个分句，第一个分句中时态用了一般过去时，所填词在and后的分句中作谓语，也要用一般过去时；根据by a ship可知，主语I和动词spot之间是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态was spotted。 2．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Steam engines __________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day. 2.were used 【解析】句意：蒸汽机被用来拉动车厢，到处都是烟雾和噪音，乘客的乘坐体验想必相当糟糕。然而，这条铁路很快就被证实大获成功，短短六个月内，每天有超过25000人乘坐。该句描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，主语Steam engines是复数概念，且和动词use之间是被动关系，需使用被动语态，因此填一般过去时被动语态的复数形式were used。 3．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt __________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. 3.are removed 【解析】句意：脂肪和盐是饮食中非常重要的组成部分。它们对于消化食物、恢复损伤以及多种其他身体功能都是必需的。当食物中的脂肪和盐被去除后，食物尝起来就会好像缺少了点什么。文章描述的是客观事实，且主语 fat and salt 与谓语动词 remove 为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。 4．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）In recent years, he noted, a growing number of Chinese works __________ (translate) and published abroad, allowing international readers to gain a vivid view of contemporary China. 4.have been translated 【解析】句意：他指出，近年来，越来越多的中国作品被翻译并出版至海外，让国际读者得以生动了解当代中国。根据In recent years可知，用现在完成时；主语和translate之间是被动关系，需用现在完成时的被动语态；主语a growing number of Chinese works为复数，助动词用have，translate过去分词为translated。 5．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The windows __________ (clean) when a sudden noise broke out. 5.were being cleaned 【解析】句意：窗户正在被擦时，突然传来一个响声。broke out是一般过去时，窗户与擦之间是被动关系，即窗户被擦，且表示在巨响传来这个过去的时间点，擦窗户的动作正在进行，所以要用过去进行时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + being + 过去分词”。windows是复数，be动词用were，clean的过去分词是cleaned。 6．（25-26高一下·山东日照·阶段检测）The exhibition, which __________ (hold) in the school art gallery now, will last until June 30th. 6.is being held 【解析】句意：这场当下正在学校美术馆举办的展览将持续至6月30日。从句主语which指代先行词the exhibition，与hold为被动关系；时间标志now表示动作正在进行，故用现在进行时的被动语态，which是单数意义，因此谓语用is being held。 7．（25-26高一下·江苏淮安·期末）Every evening, the neighbors __________ (glue) to the community board, sharing good news and warm wishes. 7.are glued 【解析】句意：每天晚上，邻居们都会盯着社区公告栏看，分享好消息和温馨祝福。空处作句子的谓语，根据时间状语“Every evening”可知，时态应用一般现在时，be glued to是固定短语，意为“盯着……看，离……很近”，glue和主语the neighbors之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。 8．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The manager promised that the problem __________ (deal) with as soon as possible. 9.would be dealt 【解析】句意：经理承诺这个问题将会尽快被处理。根据“promised”（承诺）可知，宾语从句表示从过去看将来要发生的动作，应用过去将来时；主语the problem与动词deal之间为被动关系，即“问题被处理”，应用被动语态；过去将来时的被动语态基本形式：主语+would+be+过去分词，deal的过去分词为dealt。 9．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）When I tried to enter the hall, I was stopped because the lecture __________ (record). 9.was being recorded 【解析】句意：当我试图进入大厅时，被拦住了，因为讲座正在录制。主语lecture与谓语构成被动关系，且讲座正在被录制，过去进行时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 10．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The room was very noisy because the floor upstairs __________ (clean) by the robots. 10.was being cleaned 【解析】句意：这个房间十分吵闹，因为楼上的地板当时正由机器人打扫。主句为一般过去时，the floor和clean构成被动关系，动作当时正在持续，使用过去进行时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语为was being cleaned。 11．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）A welcome party for new students __________ (hold) in our school hall next Friday afternoon. 11.will be held 【解析】 句意：下周五下午，一场欢迎新生的派对将在我们学校礼堂举行。由next Friday afternoon可知，句子时态为一般将来时。A welcome party与hold之间是被动关系，即派对被举行，所以要用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will + be + 过去分词”，hold的过去分词是held。 12．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）The new ballet __________ (sell) well at the box office. 12.sells 【解析】句意：这部新芭蕾舞剧票房卖得很好。在描述事物本身具有的属性，如sell well这类表达时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。句子陈述的是关于新芭蕾舞剧票房销售情况的一般事实，所以用一般现在时。主语The new ballet是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 13．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Equipped with 5G technology, this new type of mobile phone is popular and __________ (sell) well. 13.sells 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这款新型手机配备了5G技术，因而备受欢迎并且销售情况良好。sell此处用作不及物动词，表示主语的某种属性，使用主动形式表示被动意义，and前后时态一致，由is可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语this new type of mobile phone是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填sells。 14．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）My pen __________ (write) well, so I like it very much. 14.writes 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：我的钢笔书写很流畅，所以我非常喜欢它。某些表示事物内在属性、功能或特征的动词（如write, read, sell, wash, cut等），当句子主语是物，且后面接表示性质或状态的副词（如well, easily, smoothly等）时，常用主动形式表示被动含义。本句中pen（钢笔）是物，write well表示“书写流畅”，是钢笔的内在功能属性，因此用主动形式，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为my pen，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填writes。 15．（25-26高三下·全国·一轮复习）Once this difficulty is overcome, other problems will be easy __________ (solve). 15.to solve 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦这个困难被克服，其他问题就容易解决了。此处为“主语 + be + 形容词+ to do”的固定结构，其中“to do”用主动形式表示被动含义。be easy to do sth.表示“做某事是轻而易举的”。故填to solve。 16．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Maybe that’s the way life is. Life can __________ (make) up of a variety of unrelated things. 16.be made 【解析】考查语态。句意：也许这就是生活。生活可以由许多互不相关的事物组成。be made up of“由……组成”是固定短语，空处用be made和can构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填be made。 17．（25-26高三上·江苏盐城·阶段检测）When clicking on links to dangerous websites or software, you may __________(fool) into providing personal information such as passwords, usernames or financial details. 17.be fooled 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：当点击危险网站或软件的链接时，您可能会被愚弄，提供密码、用户名或财务详细信息等个人信息。may后接动词原形。主语you和动词fool之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填be fooled。 18．（25-26高三下·全国·专题练习）The proposal that we __________(raise) public awareness of heritage protection is worth __________ (consider). 18. (should) raise，considering 【解析】考查虚拟语气和固定短语。句意：我们应提高公众对遗产保护的意识的建议值得考虑。第一个空“proposal”后的同位语从句应使用虚拟语气“The proposal that sb. (should) do sth.”；第二个空考查固定短语“be worth doing”，表示“某事值得做”。故填①(should) raise；②considering。 19．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Bob wants to buy that kind of ball pen because he has been told it__________ (write) smoothly. 19.writes 【解析】考查时态、主动表被动以及主谓一致。句意：鲍勃想买那种圆珠笔，因为他听说这种笔写起来很顺。分析句子可知，“it ________ smoothly”是宾语从句，描述现阶段的情况，he has been told是现在完成时，宾语从句应用一般现在时；write此处用作不及物动词，描述主语it的品质，应用主动形式表被动；且主语it是单数，应用writes。故填writes。 20．（25-26高二·全国·课后作业）The advantages are plain __________ (see),so you don’t need to hesitate. 20.to see 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：优点显而易见，所以你不需要犹豫。形容词后用不定式作状语，构成固定句型be +adj.+to do，意为“做……事情是怎么样的”，且主语与不定式是动宾关系，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，plain to see“显而易见”固定短语。故填to see。 重点语法写作升格（被动语态） 1. (2026全国一卷)令他们大为惊喜的是，沟渠旁摆放着一套清雪工具。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2. (2026全国一卷)这对夫妇默默体贴的善意，让埃米莉深受感动。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3. (2026全国一卷)抵达夫妇俩的车库后，她看到了自己的车，车身已被清理干净，且经过全面检修。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 4. (2026全国一卷)令她惊讶的是，车子不仅从被困的地方被拖了出来，还得到了彻底维修。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 5. (2026全国一卷)抵达目的地后，她欣慰地发现自己的车辆已安全停放，积雪也已完全清理干净。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 6. (2026全国二卷)医生的一番话让我怔住了，我下定决心做出改变。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 7. (2026全国二卷)我意识到，真正的慰藉从不藏在熬夜的时光里，而源于自律的生活。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 8. (2025全国一卷)令我万分欣慰的是，我弟弟次日便回了电话，我们很快敲定了重逢的时间。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 9. (2025全国一卷)随后我们紧紧相拥 —— 这是自他妻子离世后，我们早已淡忘的举动。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 10. (2025全国二卷)我意识到，坚守自身的文化身份，便能好好传承自己的文化底蕴。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1.To their great surprise, a set of snow-clearing tools was placed beside the ditch. 2.Emily was profoundly touched by the couple’s silent and thoughtful kindness. 3.Arriving at the couple's garage, she was met by her vehicle, now cleaned and thoroughly checked. 4.To her amazement, it had not only been pulled free from where it was trapped but also fully repaired. 5.Upon arrival, she was relieved to find her vehicle already safely parked and completely cleared of snow. 6.I was frozen by the doctor’s words and made up my mind to change. 7.I realize that true comfort is never found in late-night hours, but in the disciplined life. 8.To my great relief, he called back the next day, and a reunion was finally scheduled in no time. 9.Then we hugged warmly — a gesture that had long been forgotten since his wife passed away. 10.I realized that by embracing my cultural identity, my heritage is well preserved. 9 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 被动语态（知识清单） 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 被动语态 知识点1 被动语态基本用法 知识点2 被动语态常用结构 知识点3 被动语态典型场合 知识点4 被动语态典型用法 考点二 不能用被动语态场合 知识点1 measure, weigh接短语主动表被动 知识点2 write, sell等用于“动词+副词”结构 知识点3 feel, seem等用于“系动词+表语”结构 知识点4 happen, occur等动词不能用于被动语态 知识点5 date back to等短语不能用于被动语态 考点三 非谓语主动表被动 知识点1 want，deserve等接动名词主动表被动 知识点2 be worth doing动名词主动表被动 知识点3 be to blame结构不定式主动表被动 知识点4 “be+形容词+不定式”主动表被动 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 高考真题（被动语态） 名校模拟（被动语态） 写作升格（被动语态,26真题素材） 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 被动语态 考点一 被动语态 知识点1 被动语态基本用法 被动语态由“_______________”构成，时态和主谓一致通过 _______________的变化来体现。 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/ are+ done Rice is grown in the south. 一般过去时 am/is/ are+ done The letter was sent yesterday. 含情态动词 情态动词+be+ done The rules must be followed. 现在进行时 am/is/ are+ being+ done A bridge is being built now. 过去进行时 was/ were+ being+ done The room was being cleaned at 8 last night. 一般将来时 will+ be+ done The problem will be solved soon. 现在完成时 have/ has +been+ done So far all tasks have been finished. 过去完成时 had +been+ done The work had been done before he came. 知识点2 被动语态常用结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 be+过去分词 The window is cleaned every day. 否定句 be+not+过去分词 The window is not cleaned every day. 一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词 Is the window cleaned every day? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be +主语+过去分词? When is the window cleaned? 知识点3被动语态典型场合 场合 例句 强调动作的承受者 The little boy was saved by a doctor. 不知道动作的执行者 The zipper was invented in 1893. 没有必要指出动作的执行者 These toys are designed for children. 当动作的执行者不是人时 The houses were destroyed by the heavy flood. 有些动词习惯上只用于被动语态 Tom was born in New York in August 2024. 句型“It is+过去分词+that 从句 It is believed that hard work leads to success. 知识点4被动语态典型用法 1. “_______________+(by…) ” 是被动语态最基本形式。 The old wooden bridge was rebuilt last year by local villagers. 这座老旧木桥去年由当地村民重新修建。 A new reading hall is being built beside the playground by workers. 工人正在操场旁修建一座新阅览室。 2. “_______________+(by…) ” 这种结构多用在口语中，强调动作的结果。多用于一些短语中，如get caught, get burnt, get lost, get paid, get promoted等等。 Many workers get paid by the company on the last day of each month. 很多员工每月最后一天由公司发放工资。 If you touch the hot pot, your hands will get burnt badly in seconds. 如果你触碰热锅，你的手几秒内就会被严重烫伤。 3. “_______________”结构也是被动语态，常见情态动词有can, may, must, could, would, should等。 Such bad habits should not be ignored by young students at school. 在校青少年不应当忽视这类不良习惯。 What safety rules must be followed when we enter the lab? 我们进入实验室时必须遵守哪些安全规定？ 4.带_______________的谓语动词变被动语态，若将直接宾语转化成主语，则保留间接宾语，并且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词_______________或_______________。 主动语态变为被动语态后，间接宾语前带to的动词有：bring，give，send，show，take，pass，lend， post，teach，write，throw，hand等；间接宾语前带for的动词有：buy，cook，find，get，make，save 等。 A brand-new basketball will be bought for him as his birthday gift. 会买一个全新篮球给他当作生日礼物。 The precious medal will not be given to anyone outside the team. 这枚珍贵奖章不会交给队伍以外的任何人。 5. “_______________”结构变被动语态，只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处(谓语动词后面)，成为主语补足语。  易错提醒：感官动词(see，watch，hear，feel, notice等)和使役动词(have，let，make等)后使用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。变成被动语态后要增加to，不定式为主语补足语。 We often hear him play the guitar.我们经常听到他弹吉他。(主动语态) →He is often heard to play the guitar by us.(被动语态) She was made to cry by their words. 她被他们的话弄哭了。 6. 动词短语的介词或副词在被动结构中_______________。 All sick animals are looked after patiently by the zoo keepers every day. 动物园饲养员每天耐心照料所有生病的动物。 All written papers must be handed in before ten o’clock this morning. 所有书面试卷必须在今早十点前上交。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.（2025-2026北京高二期末）The library ____________ (decorate) for the reading festival when I walked in. 2.（25-26高二下·广东惠州·期末）Since the online reading platform was created, many young readers ____________ (inspire) by the stories shared on it. 3．（25-26高二下·广东惠州·期末）Over one hundred graduates ____________ (employ) by this large company so far. 4.（25-26高二下·广东惠州·期末）Excellent students from all provinces will ____________ (admit) to this key university this summer. 5.（26-27高三·上海·初升高衔接）Look! The guests ____________ (show) around the factory. 6.（25-26高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段检测）She never gave up hope and created many literary works that ____________ (leave) for generations to appreciate to date. 7．（25-26高二下·广东东莞·期中）Her poem themed her deep love for children____________ (submit) to the national poetry contest before the deadline last month. 8．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Listen! The English song____________ (sing) by the children. 9．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The road____________ (repair) at this moment yesterday, so we had to take another way. 10．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）This is the first time that such a high building____________ (build) in the town. 11．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）By the time we got to the hall, all seats____________(take). 12．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The road____________ (repair) at 9 o’clock yesterday morning. 13．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）He felt very embarrassed because he____________ (defeat) by a 9-year-old boy in the contest. 14．（25-26高二下·内蒙古乌海·阶段检测）Many trees____________ (plant) along the road during the past ten years. 15．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）It was reported that another bridge ____________ (build) across the Yangtze River the next year. 考点二 不能用被动语态场合 知识点1 measure, weigh接短语主动表被动 measure, weigh表示“_______________，_______________”，后接短语时，主动形式表示被动意义。 Each fresh apple weighs nearly two hundred grams on average. 每个新鲜苹果平均称重接近两百克。 The small garden measures thirty meters across from east to west. 这座小花园东西跨度有三十米。 知识点2 write, sell等用于“动词+副词”结构 write, read, sell, wear, wash, open, shut等动词多用于“_______________”结构，表示主语的某种属性，常用主动形式表被动意义。 This thick cotton jacket wears well and never gets torn quickly. 这件厚棉外套十分耐穿，不容易破损。 The glass window shuts quietly and blocks cold wind in winter. 这扇玻璃窗闭合静音，冬天能阻挡寒风。 知识点3 feel, seem等用于“系动词+表语”结构 下列系动词用于“系动词+表语”结构，后接形容词作表语。 ①感官类系动词：look, seem, appear, feel, sound, taste, smell ②变化类系动词：become, turn, come, go, fall, get ③保持证明类系动词：stay, keep, be, remain, prove, turn out This moving speech sounds encouraging to every hard-working student 这篇感人演讲听来激励每一位努力拼搏的学生。 The soft wool sweater feels warm and comfortable in cold winter days. 这件柔软羊毛衫在寒冬摸起来温暖又舒适。 知识点4 happen, occur等动词不能用于被动语态 某些_______________，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用_______________。这类动词有：happen发生, occur突然想到, exist存在，remain仍然，last持续，rise上升，arise出现。 Huge cultural differences exist between eastern and western countries. 东西方国家之间存在巨大的文化差异。 Many old customs remain popular among local elder villagers here. 许多古老习俗在当地年长村民中依旧盛行。 知识点5 belong to等短语不能用于被动语态 某些_______________，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用_______________。此类短语有：come out出版, come into being产生, consist of由……组成，come about发生, break out爆发, belong to属于, date from=date back to追溯到, arise from由……引起, run out用光，pay off努力得到回报等。 The team consists of five students with different special talents. 这支队伍由五位拥有不同特长的学生组成。 What great pressure arises from heavy daily school homework? 繁重的日常课业会带来哪些巨大压力？ 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高一·全国·寒假作业）The music (sound) beautiful and it makes me think of my hometown. 2．（25-26高一·全国·寒假作业）According to the school notice, the sports meeting (take) place next Wednesday if there is no rain. 3．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The water (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 4.（25-26高三下·全国·一轮复习）Great Expectations (sell) well, but not all books (sell) out yet. 5．（25-26高一上·全国·课后作业）It (prove) that the method is safe and reliable by practice. 6．（25-26高三上·黑龙江双鸭山·期中）This glass (break) easily, so please put a “Handle with Care” sticker on the box before you mail it. 7．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）The comedy script (read) easily, and the plot (develop) smoothly as the story goes on. 8．（25-26高二下·北京朝阳·期中）This newly developed cloth (wash) easily and dries within minutes, making it ideal for outdoor sportswear. 9．（25-26高一上·上海徐汇·期中）Mrs. Lee wants that kind of cloth because she has been told that it (wash) very well. 10．（25-26高三上·河北衡水·期中）It’s generally acknowledged that education shouldn’t (measure) only by examination results. 考点三 非谓语主动表被动 知识点1 want，deserve等接动名词主动表被动 want/need/require+doing= want/need/require +to be +过去分词，该句型表示“_______________”。deserve+_______________= deserve +_______________，该句型表示“_______________”。 The old garden wall needs repairing before the rainy season comes. = The old garden wall needs to be repaired before the rainy season comes. 雨季来临前，这座老旧院墙需要修缮。 Every honest student deserves respecting from all teachers around. = Every honest student deserves to be respected from all teachers around. 每一位诚实的学生都值得身边所有老师尊重。 知识点2 be worth doing结构主动表被动 be worth doing表示“_______________”，动名词主动形式表示被动意义。 All the ancient paintings in the gallery are worth appreciating again and again. 展厅里所有古画都值得人们反复细细欣赏。 Which scenic spot around our city is worth visiting this summer holiday? 我们城市周边哪个景点值得今年暑假前去游览？ 知识点3 be to blame结构主动表被动 be to blame表示“_______________”， 不定式主动形式表示被动意义。 The careless driver is to blame for this serious road traffic accident. 这名粗心的司机应当为这起严重交通事故承担责任。 Is the heavy rain to blame for the cancellation of our outdoor activity? 户外活动取消，责任是否在于这场大雨？ 知识点4 “be+形容词+不定式”主动表被动 英语中“be+形容词+不定式短语”结构构成_______________，不定式主动形式表被动意义。 This long English passage is easy to understand for beginners. 这篇英语长短文对初学者来说很好理解。 The narrow mountain road is dangerous to drive on on rainy days. 雨天在这条狭窄山路上开车十分危险。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．25-26高二上·上海长宁·期中）The novel written by the author best, but five years ago no one could have imagined how great a role he was to play in the literary world. (sell) 2．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）This kind of rice (cook) quickly and (taste) delicious. 3．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Yuan Longping’s hybrid rice has helped so many people in the world get rid of hunger, so he deserves _____________ (give) so many awards. 4．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）After the team’s defeat, the coach reflected calmly. He knew that the changing strategies were not entirely _____________ (blame). 5．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）The pink dress she wants to buy her daughter as her birthday present online _____________ (wash) easily. 6．（25-26高二·全国·寒假作业）This pen ____________ (write) smoothly and it’s my birthday gift from my father. 7．（25-26高二·全国·专题练习）Many famous places of interest like Mount Wuyi and Gulang Island are well worth _____________ (visit). 8．（25-26高二·全国·课后作业）The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable _____________ (hold). 9．（25-26高二·全国·课后作业）The new phone is very easy _____________ (operate). Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. 10．（25-26高二下·陕西西安·阶段检测）The room _____________ (measure) five meters across is comfortable to live in for a family. 11．（25-26高二上·江苏无锡·期中）The dining table we found in the furniture shop, (measure) six feet long, was perfect for our family dinners. 12．（25-26高二下·江苏南通·阶段检测）Standing at 1.4 meters tall and _____________ (weigh) 40 kilograms, these machines demonstrated real-world applications in food service. 13．（24-25高二下·江苏常州·阶段检测）Not all problems (arise) from social discrimination can be addressed through communication. 14．（23-24高二下·福建厦门·阶段检测）These soldiers deserve (remember) for the selfless sacrifices they have made to our country. 15．（25-26高二上·福建厦门·阶段检测）_____________ (blame) by his teacher, the boy was frustrated and couldn’t concentrate on his study. 优题精练·专题实战通关 高考真题分类精炼（被动语态） 1. (2026全国二卷）In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I __________ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 2. (2025全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ___________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 3.（2025北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ___________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 4.（2025八省联考卷）Every language is worthy of respect and should ___________ (treat) equally. 5. (2025天津3月卷改编）The reading materials ________(print) before the training began, so that everyone had a copy. 6. (2025天津6月卷改编）Deng Jiaxian was one of the 23 scientists who (award) for their extraordinary contributions to China’s “two bombs, one satellite” project. 7. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 8.（2024全国甲卷）What should ___________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 9.（2024浙江1月卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs. 10.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ____________ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 11.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 12.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 13.（2023天津6月卷改编）The wooden tower that _________(restore) will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. 14.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? 15.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy. 16.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order. 17.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 18.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy. 19.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 20. （2007陕西卷）After the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _______________ (repair). 21. （2006安徽卷）Mr. Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _________ (balme). 22. (2008全国II)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ___________(breathe). 23.( 2010浙江卷)The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _____________(weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. 24. (2009重庆卷) Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ___________ (belong) to the well-educated. 25.（2019全国I卷）Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___________ (perform) consistently over a large area. 名校模拟分类精炼（被动语态） 1．（2025-2026广东珠海市期末）About a month ago, I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind towards night, and the next morning I __________ (spot) by a ship. 2．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Steam engines __________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day. 3．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt __________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. 4．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）In recent years, he noted, a growing number of Chinese works __________ (translate) and published abroad, allowing international readers to gain a vivid view of contemporary China. 5．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The windows __________ (clean) when a sudden noise broke out. 6．（25-26高一下·山东日照·阶段检测）The exhibition, which __________ (hold) in the school art gallery now, will last until June 30th. 7．（25-26高一下·江苏淮安·期末）Every evening, the neighbors __________ (glue) to the community board, sharing good news and warm wishes. 8．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The manager promised that the problem __________ (deal) with as soon as possible. 9．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）When I tried to enter the hall, I was stopped because the lecture __________ (record). 10．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The room was very noisy because the floor upstairs __________ (clean) by the robots. 11．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）A welcome party for new students __________ (hold) in our school hall next Friday afternoon. 12．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）The new ballet __________ (sell) well at the box office. 13．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Equipped with 5G technology, this new type of mobile phone is popular and __________ (sell) well. 14．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）My pen __________ (write) well, so I like it very much. 15．（25-26高三下·全国·一轮复习）Once this difficulty is overcome, other problems will be easy __________ (solve). 16．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Maybe that’s the way life is. Life can __________ (make) up of a variety of unrelated things. 17．（25-26高三上·江苏盐城·阶段检测）When clicking on links to dangerous websites or software, you may __________(fool) into providing personal information such as passwords, usernames or financial details. 18．（25-26高三下·全国·专题练习）The proposal that we __________(raise) public awareness of heritage protection is worth __________ (consider). 19．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Bob wants to buy that kind of ball pen because he has been told it__________ (write) smoothly. 20．（25-26高二·全国·课后作业）The advantages are plain __________ (see),so you don’t need to hesitate. 重点语法写作升格（被动语态） 1. (2026全国一卷)令他们大为惊喜的是，沟渠旁摆放着一套清雪工具。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2. (2026全国一卷)这对夫妇默默体贴的善意，让埃米莉深受感动。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3. (2026全国一卷)抵达夫妇俩的车库后，她看到了自己的车，车身已被清理干净，且经过全面检修。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 4. (2026全国一卷)令她惊讶的是，车子不仅从被困的地方被拖了出来，还得到了彻底维修。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 5. (2026全国一卷)抵达目的地后，她欣慰地发现自己的车辆已安全停放，积雪也已完全清理干净。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 6. (2026全国二卷)医生的一番话让我怔住了，我下定决心做出改变。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 7. (2026全国二卷)我意识到，真正的慰藉从不藏在熬夜的时光里，而源于自律的生活。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 8. (2025全国一卷)令我万分欣慰的是，我弟弟次日便回了电话，我们很快敲定了重逢的时间。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 9. (2025全国一卷)随后我们紧紧相拥 —— 这是自他妻子离世后，我们早已淡忘的举动。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 10. (2025全国二卷)我意识到，坚守自身的文化身份，便能好好传承自己的文化底蕴。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1.To their great surprise, a set of snow-clearing tools was placed beside the ditch. 2.Emily was profoundly touched by the couple’s silent and thoughtful kindness. 3.Arriving at the couple's garage, she was met by her vehicle, now cleaned and thoroughly checked. 4.To her amazement, it had not only been pulled free from where it was trapped but also fully repaired. 5.Upon arrival, she was relieved to find her vehicle already safely parked and completely cleared of snow. 6.I was frozen by the doctor’s words and made up my mind to change. 7.I realize that true comfort is never found in late-night hours, but in the disciplined life. 8.To my great relief, he called back the next day, and a reunion was finally scheduled in no time. 9.Then we hugged warmly — a gesture that had long been forgotten since his wife passed away. 10.I realized that by embracing my cultural identity, my heritage is well preserved. 13 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $