专题10 主谓一致（知识清单）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦主谓一致专题，系统涵盖语法一致、意义一致、就近一致三大核心考点，通过知识脑图搭建专题框架，考点深研部分分层梳理基本用法与拓展用法，构建完整知识体系。 清单采用“考点分层+即时训练+优题精练”设计，如语法一致中区分the number of与a number of的用法并配真题解析，易混对比模块设置10组20例辨析题，培养学生思维品质与语言能力。高考真题与名校模拟题精准对接考情，易错提醒标注关键考点，助力学生自主复习，为教师提供高效教学支持。

专题10 主谓一致（知识清单） 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 语法一致 知识点1 语法一致基本用法 知识点2 语法一致拓展用法 考点二 意义一致 知识点1 意义一致基本用法 知识点2 意义一致拓展用法 考点三 就近一致 知识点1 就近一致基本用法 知识点2 就近一致拓展用法 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 高考真题（主谓一致） 名校模拟（主谓一致） 易混对比（主谓一致10组20例） 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 被动语态 考点一 语法一致 知识点1 语法一致基本用法 1.the number of…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number of表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。 The number of teenagers taking traditional dance classes grows rapidly these years. 学习传统舞蹈课程的青少年数量近几年增长十分迅速。 A number of citizens choose new energy vehicles to cut daily carbon emissions. 许多市民选择新能源汽车，以此减少日常生活中的碳排放。 2. one of …后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；the only one of 后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数。 She is one of the athletes who take part in national traditional sports matches. 她是参加全国传统体育赛事的运动员之一。 He is the only one of engineers who designs core parts for lunar rovers. 他是工程师中唯一设计月球车核心零部件的科研人员。 3.不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Reciting ancient poems helps us understand Chinese culture. 背诵古诗帮助我们理解中华文化。 To develop artificial intelligence drives social progress. 发展人工智能推动社会进步。 Whether you stick to painting decides your artistic level. 你是否坚持作画决定你的艺术水平。 4.分数、百分数等修饰名词时，谓语与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。 Three fifths of the athletes take daily training seriously. 五分之三的运动员认真对待日常训练。 90 percent of green energy reduces air pollution greatly. 百分之九十的清洁能源大幅减少空气污染。 知识点2 语法一致拓展用法 1.most, the rest等修饰名词,谓语与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。 Most of the young athletes spend at least six hours on daily professional training. 大部分青年运动员每天至少投入六小时进行专业训练。 The rest of the precious ancient silk is safely stored in the city’s main museum. 剩余珍贵古丝绸都被妥善存放在这座城市的主博物馆内。 2.a large quantity/amount of…作主语，谓语动词用单数；large quantities/amounts of…作主语，谓语动词用复数。 A large amount of clean power helps cut pollution in crowded modern industrial cities. 大量清洁能源助力拥挤现代工业城市减少废气污染。 Large quantities of green plants improve air quality in busy downtown communities. 大批量绿植改善繁华城市中心居民社区的空气环境质量。 3. all, both, each, every, either, neither, none等代词作主语，谓语单复数视意思而定。 Both carry the long-standing charm of traditional Chinese calligraphy art. 二者都承载着中国传统书法艺术源远流长的独特韵味。 Each shoulders the important duty of developing deep space exploration projects. 每个人都肩负着发展深空探测科研项目的重要使命。 易错提醒：each作同位语时，谓语应与主语保持一致。 The students each have a locker. 学生们每人有一个储物柜。 4.and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every, 或no修饰时， 其谓语要用单数形式。 New energy and AI technology change people’s ways of living step by step. 新能源与人工智能逐步改变人们日常生产生活的方式。 Bread and butter is the basic daily supply for every lab technical worker. 面包牛奶是每位实验室技术人员最基础的日常伙食。 Each athlete and each coach sticks to strict training rules all year round. 每位运动员与每位教练全年恪守严苛规范的训练准则。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Swimming with dolphins (be) one of the world's most profitable tourist activities. 1.is 【解析】句意：和海豚一起游泳是世界上最赚钱的旅游活动之一。根据动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式，句子描述客观事实用一般现在时，be动词用is。 2．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Eating too much junk food (associate) with an increased risk of heart disease. 2.is associated 【解析】句意：过量食用垃圾食品和心脏病风险升高存在关联。固定搭配be associated with表示“与……相关联”，且动名词短语作主语时谓语动词用单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，be动词用is。 3．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Nothing but hard work and persistence (lead) us to final success in our growth journey. 3.leads 【解析】句意：唯有努力与坚持，能带领我们在成长路上走向最终成功。陈述事实用一般现在时，且nothing but…结构作主语时，看作单数。 4．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）We each (have) a different point of view. Each of us (have) got something to say. 4. have，has 【解析】句意：我们每个人都有不同的观点。我们每个人都有话要说。本句陈述现在的情况，用一般现在时。第一句中，主语是复数代词We，each在这里是同位语，仅用来补充说明，不改变主语的单复数属性，因此谓语和主语We保持一致，用动词原形have。第二句中，主语是不定代词Each，of us是后置定语修饰Each，当each单独作主语表示“（群体中的）每一个”时，谓语动词必须用第三人称单数形式，因此把所给词have变为三单形式has。 5．（24-25高一上·海南·期末）Two-thirds of the crop (damage) during the storm yesterday. 5.was damaged 【解析】句意：昨天暴风雨中三分之二的作物被毁。damage(损坏)是谓语动词，与主语“Two-thirds of the crop”之间是被动关系；结合时间状语yesterday可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态；且“分数/百分数+名词”作主语时，谓语动词与其后名词保持数的一致，crop是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数was damaged。 6．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Up to now, two thirds of the project (finish). 6.has been finished 【解析】句意：到目前为止，这个项目的三分之二已经完工。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语up to now可知，此处为现在完成时，project和finish是被动关系，所以此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，分数修饰名词作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于被修饰词的单复数，project为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has been finished。 7．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Many a teacher (be) present at the meeting yesterday afternoon. 7.was 【解析】句意：许多老师昨天下午出席了会议。根据后文yesterday afternoon可知为一般过去时，主语为may a+名词，谓语用单数。 8．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Twothirds of the school with snow and the majority of the students (be) eager to have a snow fight with their classmates. 8. is covered，are 【解析】句意：学校三分之二的区域都被积雪覆盖了，大多数学生都渴望和同学一起打雪仗。句子描述客观事实且学校是被覆盖，因此第一空用一般现在时的被动语态，Twothirds of the school是单数概念，因此第一空是is covered；the majority of the students是复数，因此第二空是are。 9．（25-26高一上·江苏常州·阶段检测）Two thirds of the population (schedule) to have access to free medical care provided by the government. 9.are scheduled/were scheduled 【解析】考查主谓一致和被动语态。句意：三分之二的人口被计划享有政府提供的免费医疗服务。“分数 + of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后的名词决定，此处population表示“人口”，强调个体时谓语动词用复数；主语“Two thirds of the population”与动词schedule之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；结合语境，既可用一般现在时表示目前安排，也可用一般过去时表示过去的计划，故填are scheduled/were scheduled。 10．（25-26高二上·河南郑州·阶段检测）To communicate with foreign tourists fluently (require) a lot of daily practice of oral English. 10.requires 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：要与外国游客流利交流，需要大量的英语口语日常练习。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。动词不定式短语To communicate with foreign tourists fluently作主语，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，此空应是requires。故填requires。 考点二 意义一致 知识点1 意义一致基本用法 1.family, class, committee, team, group, crew, audience等集体名词强调整体谓语用单数，强调成员谓语用复数。 The dance team wins high praise for its show of national traditional folk dances. 这支舞蹈队凭借民族民间舞节目收获各界高度赞誉。 The committee share different ideas to solve technical space research problems. 委员会成员各抒己见，共同攻克航天科研各类技术难题。 2. people, police, cattle, oxen等集体名词作主语，谓语动词必须用复数。 The police work hard to keep safe order for science and art exhibitions. 警方全力维护科技展与艺术展会现场的安全秩序。 Cattle provide power for the old farming ways in traditional mountain villages. 在传统山村，牛群为古老耕作方式提供劳作动力。 知识点2 意义一致拓展用法 1. sheep, deer, works, means, species, Chinese, Japanese等单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据其意义或限定词决定单、复数。 This means helps people better inherit thousands of years of folk culture. 这种方式帮助人们更好传承绵延千年的民间传统文化。 Many rare species rely on well-protected natural green ecological environments. 众多珍稀物种依赖保护完好的自然绿色生态环境生存。 2. the +形容词（或分词）主语表示一类人时，谓语通常用复数。如the rich, the poor, the brave, the injured, the living, the wounded等。 The aged pass down paper-cut, opera and other traditional folk arts to youth. 老一辈人把剪纸、戏曲等传统民间技艺传授给年轻一代。 The injured get timely care while visiting cultural and science exhibition halls. 参观文博科技馆时受伤人员都会得到及时妥善照料。 易错提醒：若 “the + 形容词” 表示抽象概念（而非一类人），则谓语用单数。 例：The beautiful brings people peace through ancient paintings and soft traditional music. 美，通过古画与轻柔民乐带给人们内心平和。 3. 24years, New York Times等名词短语作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、机构、书籍等概念时，谓语动词常用单数。 Fifty years witnesses great changes in new energy and AI technological industry. 五十年见证新能源与人工智能产业发生的巨大变革。 Two hundred miles links many ancient villages with splendid farming culture. 两百英里串联起众多拥有灿烂农耕文明的古老村落。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Whether she will join us ____________ (depend) on her schedule. 1.depends 【解析】句意：她是否会加入我们取决于她的日程安排。句子中Whether she will join us是主语从句，看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。这里描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时，所以depend用第三人称单数形式depends。 2．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）What the children need ____________ (be) more love and care. 2.is 【解析】句意：孩子们需要的，是更多的关爱与呵护。What引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，句子描述客观情况用一般现在时，因此be动词填is。 3．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）The number of volunteers who offer help ____________ increasing rapidly these years. 3.is 【解析】句意：这些年提供帮助的志愿者数量正在快速增长。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The number of volunteers，谓语用单数。 4．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Every boy and every girl in our class ____________ (hope) to realize their own dreams in the future. 4.hopes 【解析】句意：我们班的每一位同学都希望在未来实现自己的梦想。陈述事实用一般现在时，且every...and every...作主语谓语用单数。 5．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Five kilometers ____________ (seem) a long distance for teenagers to walk on foot at one time. 5.seems 【解析】句意：对青少年来说，一次性步行五公里似乎是一段很长的距离。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，距离整体用单数，因此空格处用seems。 6．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake ____________ (be) more than 400,000. 6.was 【解析】句意：在这场地震中遇难或重伤的人数超过40万。“the number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；根据定语从句中的were killed可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。 7．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The rich are for the plan, while the poor ____________ against it.(be) 7.are 【解析】句意：富人支持这个计划，而穷人反对这个计划。“the+形容词”指一类人，表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数，根据前半句中的are可知用一般现在时，故填are。 8．（25-26高一下·福建漳州·期中）So far, more than 100,000 yuan ____________ (raise) to help those in need. 8.has been raised 【解析】句意：到目前为止，已经筹集了十多万元来帮扶困难人群。So far“到目前为止”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，主语“100,000 yuan”和动词raise“筹集”是被动关系，现在完成时的被动结构是“has/have been +过去分词”，“100,000 yuan”是金钱作主语，视为单数，助动词用has。 9．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Look! Those cattle ____________ (eat) grass on the hill now. 9.are eating 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：看！那些牛现在正在山上吃草。根据“Look!”和“now”可知，本句要用现在进行时，其结构为be+动词的现在分词eating；cattle是集体名词，单复数同形，前面有Those修饰，表示复数概念，be动词要用are。故填are eating。 10．（25-26高二上·山东济宁·阶段检测）Large quantities of money ____________ (spend) on the project since last year. 10.have been spent 【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自从去年以来，已经有大量资金被投入到这个项目上。根据时间状语since last year可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语Large quantities of money和spend为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语money有Large quantities of修饰，谓语动词由quantities决定，使用复数形式。故填have been spent。 考点三 就近一致 知识点1 就近一致基本用法 1.并列连词either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but, not only…but also…等连接并列主语时，谓语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。 Either a painter or a musician introduces folk art to teenagers in our school. 要么画家要么音乐人在校为青少年讲解民间传统艺术。 Not only AI but also new energy brings great changes to people’s daily lives. 人工智能和新能源都给人们日常生活带来巨大改变。 2. There be句型及The following句型语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。 There is one spaceship and several research labs on this aerospace base. 这座航天基地有一艘载人飞船和多间科研实验室。 There are hundreds of engineers and one expert testing new rocket materials. 数百名工程师和一位专家正在测试火箭新型材料。 The following are several young astronauts and a senior space researcher. 下面是几位青年宇航员和一位资深航天科研工作者。 知识点2 就近一致拓展用法 主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语with，along with，together with, as well as, rather than, including, like, but, except等，谓语动词在人称与数上应与其前边的主语一致。 This painter as well as many young learners loves ancient Chinese landscape art. 这位画家和众多青年学子都热爱中国传统山水绘画。 Every athlete except one coach takes part in the national traditional sports meet. 除一位教练外，所有运动员都参加这场全国传统体育盛会。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Neither the teacher nor the students (know) the answer to the question. 1.know 【解析】句意：老师和学生都不知道这个问题的答案。“neither...nor...” 连接两个主语时，遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语是“the students”为复数，所以谓语动词用know。 2．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Not only the students but also the teacher (enjoy) the movie. 2.enjoys 【解析】句意：不仅学生们而且老师也喜欢这部电影。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。not only...but also...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，即与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。此句中离谓语动词最近的主语是the teacher，为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词enjoy用第三人称单数形式enjoys。 3．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Not only can reading broaden our horizons, but also it (enrich) our inner world greatly. 3.enriches 【解析】句意：阅读不仅拓宽眼界，还能极大丰富我们的精神世界。陈述事实用一般现在时，后半句主语为it，谓语用单数。 4．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）There (be) a book and two pens on the desk just now. 4.was 【解析】句意：刚才桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。there be句型遵循就近原则，靠近be动词的主语a book 为单数；时间标志词just now表示过去，be动词用was。 5．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）There (be) a cup of tea and some apples on the table in the picture. 5.is 【解析】句意：图片中的桌子上有一杯茶和一些苹果。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，there be句型中的be动词根据就近原则确定，即根据a cup of tea确定，是单数，因此空格处用is。 6．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）In my opinion, it is not the passengers but the driver who (be) to blame. 6.is 【解析】句意：在我看来，应该受责备的不是乘客，而是司机。空处为who引导的限制性定语从句的谓语，指代the diver，根据“not...but...”结构可知，此处考查not A but B的就近原则。在not...but...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与靠近它的主语（即but后的主语）保持一致。本句中but后的主语为the driver，因此谓语动词用单数形式。结合语境，此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。 7．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）There (be) not only a swimming pool but also a lot of fruit trees in the big yard. 7.is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个大院子里不仅有游泳池，还有许多果树。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，there be句型遵循就近原则，本句中离谓语最近的主语是a swimming pool，因此谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。 8．（25-26高二下·全国·随堂练习）Neither Mary nor her parents (inform) of the exciting news so far, which surprises us a lot. 8.have been informed 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，玛丽和她的父母都没有得知这个令人兴奋的消息，这让我们感到非常惊讶。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文so far可知为现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为Neither Mary nor her parents，neither...nor...遵循就近原则，助动词用have。故填have been informed。 9．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）There (be) an old temple and some ancient trees on the top of the mountain. 9.is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：山顶上有一座古庙和一些古树。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，there be句型适用就近原则，结合an old temple可知，be动词应用is。故填is。 10．（25-26高一·全国·寒假作业）In the conference room (be) the manager or his assistants, ready to answer questions. 10.is 【解析】考查时态，倒装和主谓一致。句意：在会议室里，经理或者他的助手们正坐在那里准备回答问题。地点状语In the conference room位于句首，引起句子全部倒装，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，or连接并列主语时谓语根据就近原则确定，即根据the manager确定，the manager是单数，因此空格处用is，故填is。 优题精练·专题实战通关 高考真题分类精炼（被动语态） 1. (2026全国二卷）In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I __________ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 1. am supposed 【解析】考查固定搭配和时态。句意：现在，我应该感受双腿受力，并将意念集中于丹田。固定搭配be supposed to do“应该做某事”，主语为I，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，be动词用am。 2. (2025全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ___________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 2. are revealed 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 3.（2025北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ___________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 3. are achieved 【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 4. (2025天津6月卷改编）Deng Jiaxian was one of the 23 scientists who (award) for their extraordinary contributions to China’s “two bombs, one satellite” project. 4. were awarded 【解析】考查主谓一致和动词语态。句意：邓稼先，是因对中国“两弹一星”工程做出卓越贡献而获奖的 23 位科学家之一。who引导定语从句，先行词是the 23 scientists（复数名词），关系词who代替先行词在从句中作主语，且与award为被动关系，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。故填were awarded。 5. (2025全国二卷）And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them. 5. is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 6. (2025全国一卷）A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. 6. tries 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 7.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 7. walks 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 8.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about __________ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 8. were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 9. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 9. were used 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。 10.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ____________ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 10. was built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 11.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 11. was amazed 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 12.（2023天津6月卷改编）The wooden tower that _________(restore) will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. 12. is being restored 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：正在修复的木塔很快将对游客开放，工程即将完工。此句the wooden tower是先行词，做定语从句的主语，restore是定语从句的谓语动词，二者在逻辑上是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。根据后文the work is almost finished，修复工作几乎快要结束，说明还没结束，修复、复原工作正在进行。所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being restored，故填is being restored。 13.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy. 13. is considered 【解析】考查动词时态。这里涉及到句式结构的分析，前面有and连接，所以and 后面的句子是需要有完整谓语的，BMI属于专有名词，用谓语is considered 即可。 14.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order. 14. was painted 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 15.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 15. was built 【解析】句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 名校模拟分类精炼（主谓一致） 1．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Climbing mountains (be) really difficult for the old. 1.is 【解析】句意：登山对老人来说确实困难。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，动名词作主语，看作【】第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式，be用is。 2．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）What he needs most more patience and confidence in daily study and life. 2.is 【解析】句意：他在日常学习和生活中最需要的是更多耐心和自信。主语从句作主语，谓语用单数，表“是”用系动词is。 3．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Neither my friends nor I (be) willing to give up our dreams easily in daily life. 3.am 【解析】句意：我和我的朋友们都不愿在生活中轻易放弃自己的梦想。陈述事实为一般现在时，且Neither...nor...为就近原则，谓语与I保持一致，所以谓语动词用am。 4．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Spending too much time online (be) harmful to students’ physical and mental health. 4.is 【解析】句意：花太多时间上网对学生的身心健康有害。句中主语是动名词短语Spending too much time online，动名词短语作主语时谓语动词需用单数形式，该句描述客观事实，使用一般现在时，因此be动词的正确形式为‌is‌。 5．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）A pair of glasses (be) lost on the playground yesterday afternoon. 5.was 【解析】句意：昨天下午一副眼镜在操场上弄丢了。a pair of glasses作主语时，谓语动词要和pair的单复数保持一致，且时间状语为yesterday afternoon，所以句子为一般过去时，be动词用was‌。 6．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The audience (be) so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall. 6.was 【解析】句意：观众如此之多，以至于大厅里没有空座位了。由从句was可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语是The audience，看成一个整体，谓语动词应用单数，be动词用was。 7．（25-26高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Physics, as well as other natural sciences, (boost) our understanding of the universe. 7.boosts 【解析】句意：物理学以及其他自然科学，提升了我们对宇宙的理解。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，as well as连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数应与as well as之前的名词的数保持一致，Physics是单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式boosts。 8．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Reading widely enriches our minds and (strength) our ability to analyze complex problems in daily life. 8.strengthens 【解析】句意：广泛阅读充实头脑，增强我们分析日常复杂问题的能力。and连接并列谓语，主语为动名词单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，strength的动词形式为strengthen，单数形式为strengthens。 9．（25-26高二下·广东东莞·期中）It is a person’s attitude toward challenges, rather than his current level of skill, that (determine) how far he will go. 9.determines 【解析】句意：决定一个人能走多远的，是他面对挑战的态度，而非他当下的技能水平。结合is以及语境可知，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，本句使用强调句型：It is + 被强调部分 + that + 其余部分，被强调部分为主语a person’s attitude toward challenges, rather than his current level of skill，rather than连接并列结构，应采用就远原则，谓语动词的数应与a person’s attitude保持一致，故用第三人称单数形式determines。 10．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）His family (plan) a summer tip to the mountains together ever since the Spring Festival, but now the family (be) busy preparing their luggage and travel supplies. 10.has been planning，are 【解析】ever since the Spring Festival（自从春节以来）表明动作从过去持续到现在并有可能继续下去，要用现在完成进行时，His family在这里指他的一家人，强调整体概念，视为单数，现在完成进行时结构为“has/have been +现在分词”，所以填has been planning。第二空：family指家庭成员，强调个体，此时谓语动词用复数形式，be busy doing sth.（忙于做某事），这里描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，所以填are。 11．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）What matters most to the students (be) their final exam results, while what lie on the teacher’s desk (be) the marked papers. 11. is，are 【解析】句意：对学生来说，最重要的是他们的期末考试成绩，而老师桌上的东西则是那些已经批改过的试卷。根据句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，What matters most to the students表达一个抽象概念，第一空处用单数is，由what lie和the marked papers可知，what引导的从句表示复数概念，第二空处用复数are。 12．（25-26高一下·吉林长春·期中）As far as I know, more than one student as well as three teachers (award) at the meeting the other day. 12.was awarded 【解析】句意：据我所知，几天前的会议上，不止一名学生和三位老师受到了表彰。as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数由前面的主语决定；more than one + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；the other day表示“几天前”，需用一般过去时；主语与award之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态was awarded。 13．（25-26高一下·江苏·期中）With the development of technology, a large quantity of problems that used to be difficult to deal with (solve) by scientists recently. 13.have been solved 【解析】句意：随着科技的发展，大量过去难以处理的问题最近已经被科学家们解决了。recently表明要用现在完成时，problems与solve是被动关系，即问题被解决，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been +过去分词”。“a large quantity of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于其后名词的形式，此处名词是复数，所以用助动词have，solve的过去分词是solved。 14．（25-26高二下·广东深圳·阶段检测）Artificial intelligence, along with robotics, (revolutionize) modern healthcare over the past few years. 14.has revolutionized 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去几年里，人工智能连同机器人技术，已经彻底变革了现代医疗保健行业。空处为句子谓语动词，结合时间状语over the past few years可知，句子应用现在完成时，along with“和”遵循就远原则，因此助动词和Artificial intelligence保持一致，用单数形式。故填has revolutionized 15．（25-26高一下·江苏南京·阶段检测）Not only the colors of the painting but also the technique used by the artist (matter) to art critics. 15.matters 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：不仅这幅画的颜色，而且艺术家使用的技巧对艺术评论家来说都很重要。matter“重要，有关系”，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时态，且“not only...but also...”连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的形式遵循“就近原则”，即与靠近谓语动词的主语the technique保持一致，主语是单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式matters。故填matters。 16．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Many a student (be) selected to take part in the English competition, and more than one teacher (have) coached them on speaking and writing. 16. was，has 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：许多学生被选去参加英语竞赛，并且不止一个老师在口语和写作上对他们进行过辅导。“many a +单数可数名词”表示“很多”，形式上为单数，若作主语，其谓语动词通常用单数形式，第一空所在句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以第一空应用was；“more than one +单数可数名词”表示“不止一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，句子陈述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，所以第二空助动词应用has。故填①was；②has。 17．（25-26高一下·全国·课后作业）The father as well as his children (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday in winter. 17.goes 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：冬天每个星期天，这位父亲和他的孩子们都去冰面上滑冰。as well as 连接主语时，谓语动词与前面主语保持一致，主语the father为单数，根据时间状语“every Sunday”可知，此处使用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填goes。 18．（25-26高一上·湖南长沙·期末）The young boy, along with his best friends, (look) for his lost puppy under the old tree when some strange sound came from the thick bushes behind them. 18.was looking 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个小男孩和他最好的朋友们正在老树下寻找他丢失的小狗，这时一些奇怪的声音从他们身后的茂密灌木丛中传来”。be doing...when...为固定结构，意为“正在做……这时……” ，由came可知事情发生在过去，所以用过去进行时。本句主语是The young boy, along with his best friends，当主语后有along with等连接并列成分时，谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致，这里The young boy是第三人称单数，所以be动词用was 。故填was looking。 19．（25-26高一上·江苏无锡·期末）Tom, together with his classmates, (prefer) to explore nature rather than stay at home during vacations. 19.prefers 【解析】考查主谓一致与时态。句意：汤姆和他的同学们假期时更喜欢探索自然而不是待在家里。本句表经常性、习惯性动作，时态用一般现在时，together with连接并列主语，使用“就前原则”，即根据主语Tom而定，谓语动词用prefer的第三人称单数形式。故填prefers。 20．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Among them (be) Adzwin Puteri Faizal, a petite young woman, who is a part of the locally renowned Yong Jun Lion Dance Association. 20.is 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：其中就有阿兹音·普蒂·法伊扎尔，她是一位身材娇小的年轻女子，是当地著名的永骏舞狮协会的一员。表示位置的介词短语Among them置于句首引起完全倒装，结合后面的“who is”可知，此处应该是描述当前的情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语Adzwin Puteri Faizal是单数，be动词应用is。故填is。 重点语法对比训练（主谓一致） Group 1 1.More than one person ______________(pass) the exam up to now. 2.More than one hundred persons______________(pass) the exam up to now. 【答案与解析】 1. has passed。more than one后接单数名词，遵循“就近一致”原则，用单数。 2. have passed。More than one hundred persons表示“超过100人”。复数意义；up to now应与现在完成时连用。 Group 2 3.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third __________ (use) regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. 4.One-third of the country ____________ (cover) with trees and the majority of the citizens ____________ (be) black people. 【答案与解析】 3. were used。分数作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词单复数保持一致；这里one third后面省略了of 20 notebook computers，复数意义；结合语境应用一般过去时，故答案是were used。 4. is covered; are。分数作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词单复数保持一致，本句分数后面中心名词是the country，单数意义；be covered with是固定词组；the majority of…短语作主语，也与中心名词一致；这里是the citizens，应用复数。故答案是is covered; are。 Group 3 5. The following _______ (be) some other examples for you to refer to. 6. The following _______ (be) the specific information about the match. 【答案与解析】 5. are。The following….属于倒装句，be动词应与后边的主语单复数保持一致。本句主语是some other examples，故答案是are。 6. is。The following….属于倒装句，be动词应与后边的主语单复数保持一致。本句主语是the specific information about the match，故答案是is。 Group 4 7.This kind of these apples ________(be) sweet. 8. Apples of this kind ________(be) very sweet. 【答案与解析】 7. is。This kind of…作主语，谓语用单数。 8. are。of this kind作定语，主语是Apples。 Group5 9.A large amount of grain _________(eat) by birds up to now. 10.Large amounts of grain _________(eat) by birds up to now. 【答案与解析】 9. has been eaten。a large amount of…作主语，表示“很多……”，不管后接复数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，up to now暗示用现在完成时，同时又是被动语态，故答案是has been eaten。 10. have been eaten。large amounts of…作主语，表示“很多……”，不管后接复数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词与amounts一致用复数，up to now暗示用现在完成时，同时又是被动语态，故答案是have been eaten。 Group 6 11.The old____________ (take) good care of by the government in China. 12.The beautiful____________ (enjoy) by all people in the world. 【答案与解析】 11.are taken。结合语境应用被动语态；at present暗示用一般现在时；The elderly相当于The elderly people，复数意义，故答案是are taken。 12.is enjoyed。“The +形容词”表示一类人，谓语用复数；表示概念，谓语用单数。 Group 7 13.Not only Tom but also his sisters____________ (be) fond of watching TV. 14. ____________(be) not only Tom but also his sisters fond of watching TV? 【答案与解析】 13. are。not only…but also…表示“不但……而且……”，这里距离谓语最近的主语是his sisters，复数意义。 14. Is。not only…but also…表示“不但……而且……”，这里距离谓语最近的主语是Tom，单数意义。 Group 8 15.Her family_________ (be) larger than mine and her family __________ (watch) TV now. 16.The committee _________ (make) up of 20 members, who________ (be) all experts in medicine. 【答案与解析】 15. is; are watching。该句意为：他们家庭比我们家大，现在她的家人们正在看电视。第一空family指整体，单数；第二空指家庭成员，应用复数。故答案是is；are watching。 16. is made; are。be made up of表示“由……组成”；the committee这里强调整体，单数意义。第二空是定语从句，先行词是20 members，复数意义，故答案是is made; are。 Group 9 17.Although the first part of the book is easy, the rest____________ (be) difficult. 18.Some of the students are playing basketball while the rest____________ (play) football. 【答案与解析】 17. are。Half of…, the rest of…, most of…短语作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词保持一致。这里是the rest of the book，单数意义。 18. are playing。Half of…, the rest of…, most of…短语作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词保持一致。这里是the rest of the students，复数意义。 Group 10 19.When and where to build the new factory____________ (be) not decided yet. 20.Where to build the new factory and when to finish it____________ (be) not known to people yet. 【答案与解析】 19. is。动词不定式短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数；结合语境应用被动语态，故答案是isn’t decided。 20. are。这里主语部分是两个动词不定式短语作主语，复数意义。 12 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 主谓一致（知识清单） 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 语法一致 知识点1 语法一致基本用法 知识点2 语法一致拓展用法 考点二 意义一致 知识点1 意义一致基本用法 知识点2 意义一致拓展用法 考点三 就近一致 知识点1 就近一致基本用法 知识点2 就近一致拓展用法 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 高考真题（主谓一致） 名校模拟（主谓一致） 易混对比（主谓一致10组20例） 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 被动语态 考点一 语法一致 知识点1 语法一致基本用法 1.the number of…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number of表示“若干，许多”，谓语用_____。 The number of teenagers taking traditional dance classes grows rapidly these years. 学习传统舞蹈课程的青少年数量近几年增长十分迅速。 A number of citizens choose new energy vehicles to cut daily carbon emissions. 许多市民选择新能源汽车，以此减少日常生活中的碳排放。 2. one of …后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；the only one of 后接定语从句，从句谓语用__________。 She is one of the athletes who take part in national traditional sports matches. 她是参加全国传统体育赛事的运动员之一。 He is the only one of engineers who designs core parts for lunar rovers. 他是工程师中唯一设计月球车核心零部件的科研人员。 3.不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用__________。 Reciting ancient poems helps us understand Chinese culture. 背诵古诗帮助我们理解中华文化。 To develop artificial intelligence drives social progress. 发展人工智能推动社会进步。 Whether you stick to painting decides your artistic level. 你是否坚持作画决定你的艺术水平。 4.分数、百分数等修饰名词时，谓语与修饰的名词单复数__________。 Three fifths of the athletes take daily training seriously. 五分之三的运动员认真对待日常训练。 90 percent of green energy reduces air pollution greatly. 百分之九十的清洁能源大幅减少空气污染。 知识点2 语法一致拓展用法 1.most, the rest等修饰名词,谓语与修饰的名词单复数__________。 Most of the young athletes spend at least six hours on daily professional training. 大部分青年运动员每天至少投入六小时进行专业训练。 The rest of the precious ancient silk is safely stored in the city’s main museum. 剩余珍贵古丝绸都被妥善存放在这座城市的主博物馆内。 2.a large quantity/amount of…作主语，谓语动词用__________；large quantities/amounts of…作主语，谓语动词用__________。 A large amount of clean power helps cut pollution in crowded modern industrial cities. 大量清洁能源助力拥挤现代工业城市减少废气污染。 Large quantities of green plants improve air quality in busy downtown communities. 大批量绿植改善繁华城市中心居民社区的空气环境质量。 3. all, both, each, every, either, neither, none等代词作主语，谓语单复数_______________。 Both carry the long-standing charm of traditional Chinese calligraphy art. 二者都承载着中国传统书法艺术源远流长的独特韵味。 Each shoulders the important duty of developing deep space exploration projects. 每个人都肩负着发展深空探测科研项目的重要使命。 易错提醒：each作同位语时，谓语应与主语保持一致。 The students each have a locker. 学生们每人有一个储物柜。 4.and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用__________；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用__________。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every, 或no修饰时， 其谓语要用__________。 New energy and AI technology change people’s ways of living step by step. 新能源与人工智能逐步改变人们日常生产生活的方式。 Bread and butter is the basic daily supply for every lab technical worker. 面包牛奶是每位实验室技术人员最基础的日常伙食。 Each athlete and each coach sticks to strict training rules all year round. 每位运动员与每位教练全年恪守严苛规范的训练准则。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Swimming with dolphins (be) one of the world's most profitable tourist activities. 2．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Eating too much junk food (associate) with an increased risk of heart disease. 3．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Nothing but hard work and persistence (lead) us to final success in our growth journey. 4．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）We each (have) a different point of view. Each of us (have) got something to say. 5．（24-25高一上·海南·期末）Two-thirds of the crop (damage) during the storm yesterday. 6．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Up to now, two thirds of the project (finish). 7．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Many a teacher (be) present at the meeting yesterday afternoon. 8．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Twothirds of the school with snow and the majority of the students (be) eager to have a snow fight with their classmates. 9．（25-26高一上·江苏常州·阶段检测）Two thirds of the population (schedule) to have access to free medical care provided by the government. 10．（25-26高二上·河南郑州·阶段检测）To communicate with foreign tourists fluently (require) a lot of daily practice of oral English. 考点二 意义一致 知识点1 意义一致基本用法 1.family, class, committee, team, group, crew, audience等集体名词强调整体谓语用__________，强调成员谓语用__________。 The dance team wins high praise for its show of national traditional folk dances. 这支舞蹈队凭借民族民间舞节目收获各界高度赞誉。 The committee share different ideas to solve technical space research problems. 委员会成员各抒己见，共同攻克航天科研各类技术难题。 2. people, police, cattle, oxen等集体名词作主语，谓语动词必须用__________。 The police work hard to keep safe order for science and art exhibitions. 警方全力维护科技展与艺术展会现场的安全秩序。 Cattle provide power for the old farming ways in traditional mountain villages. 在传统山村，牛群为古老耕作方式提供劳作动力。 知识点2 意义一致拓展用法 1. sheep, deer, works, means, species, Chinese, Japanese等单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据其意义或限定词决定__________。 This means helps people better inherit thousands of years of folk culture. 这种方式帮助人们更好传承绵延千年的民间传统文化。 Many rare species rely on well-protected natural green ecological environments. 众多珍稀物种依赖保护完好的自然绿色生态环境生存。 2. the +形容词（或分词）主语表示一类人时，谓语通常用__________。如the rich, the poor, the brave, the injured, the living, the wounded等。 The aged pass down paper-cut, opera and other traditional folk arts to youth. 老一辈人把剪纸、戏曲等传统民间技艺传授给年轻一代。 The injured get timely care while visiting cultural and science exhibition halls. 参观文博科技馆时受伤人员都会得到及时妥善照料。 易错提醒：若 “the + 形容词” 表示抽象概念（而非一类人），则谓语用__________。 例：The beautiful brings people peace through ancient paintings and soft traditional music. 美，通过古画与轻柔民乐带给人们内心平和。 3. 24years, New York Times等名词短语作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、机构、书籍等概念时，谓语动词常用__________。 Fifty years witnesses great changes in new energy and AI technological industry. 五十年见证新能源与人工智能产业发生的巨大变革。 Two hundred miles links many ancient villages with splendid farming culture. 两百英里串联起众多拥有灿烂农耕文明的古老村落。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Whether she will join us ____________ (depend) on her schedule. 2．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）What the children need ____________ (be) more love and care. 3．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）The number of volunteers who offer help ____________ increasing rapidly these years. 4．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Every boy and every girl in our class ____________ (hope) to realize their own dreams in the future. 5．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Five kilometers ____________ (seem) a long distance for teenagers to walk on foot at one time. 6．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake ____________ (be) more than 400,000. 7．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The rich are for the plan, while the poor ____________ against it.(be) 8．（25-26高一下·福建漳州·期中）So far, more than 100,000 yuan ____________ (raise) to help those in need. 9．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Look! Those cattle ____________ (eat) grass on the hill now. 10．（25-26高二上·山东济宁·阶段检测）Large quantities of money ____________ (spend) on the project since last year. 考点三 就近一致 知识点1 就近一致基本用法 1.并列连词either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but, not only…but also…等连接并列主语时，谓语应与最近的主语_______________。 Either a painter or a musician introduces folk art to teenagers in our school. 要么画家要么音乐人在校为青少年讲解民间传统艺术。 Not only AI but also new energy brings great changes to people’s daily lives. 人工智能和新能源都给人们日常生活带来巨大改变。 2. There be句型及The following句型语应与最近的主语_______________。 There is one spaceship and several research labs on this aerospace base. 这座航天基地有一艘载人飞船和多间科研实验室。 There are hundreds of engineers and one expert testing new rocket materials. 数百名工程师和一位专家正在测试火箭新型材料。 The following are several young astronauts and a senior space researcher. 下面是几位青年宇航员和一位资深航天科研工作者。 知识点2 就近一致拓展用法 主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语with，along with，together with, as well as, rather than, including, like, but, except等，谓语动词在人称与数上应与其_______________。 This painter as well as many young learners loves ancient Chinese landscape art. 这位画家和众多青年学子都热爱中国传统山水绘画。 Every athlete except one coach takes part in the national traditional sports meet. 除一位教练外，所有运动员都参加这场全国传统体育盛会。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Neither the teacher nor the students (know) the answer to the question. 2．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Not only the students but also the teacher (enjoy) the movie. 3．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Not only can reading broaden our horizons, but also it (enrich) our inner world greatly. 4．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）There (be) a book and two pens on the desk just now. 5．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）There (be) a cup of tea and some apples on the table in the picture. 6．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）In my opinion, it is not the passengers but the driver who (be) to blame. 7．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）There (be) not only a swimming pool but also a lot of fruit trees in the big yard. 8．（25-26高二下·全国·随堂练习）Neither Mary nor her parents (inform) of the exciting news so far, which surprises us a lot. 9．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）There (be) an old temple and some ancient trees on the top of the mountain. 10．（25-26高一·全国·寒假作业）In the conference room (be) the manager or his assistants, ready to answer questions. 优题精练·专题实战通关 高考真题分类精炼（被动语态） 1. (2026全国二卷）In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I __________ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 2. (2025全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ___________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 3.（2025北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ___________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 4. (2025天津6月卷改编）Deng Jiaxian was one of the 23 scientists who (award) for their extraordinary contributions to China’s “two bombs, one satellite” project. 5. (2025全国二卷）And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them. 6. (2025全国一卷）A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. 7.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 8.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about __________ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 9. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 10.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ____________ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 11.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 12.（2023天津6月卷改编）The wooden tower that _________(restore) will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. 13.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy. 14.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order. 15.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 名校模拟分类精炼（主谓一致） 1．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Climbing mountains (be) really difficult for the old. 2．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）What he needs most more patience and confidence in daily study and life. 3．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Neither my friends nor I (be) willing to give up our dreams easily in daily life. 4．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）Spending too much time online (be) harmful to students’ physical and mental health. 5．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）A pair of glasses (be) lost on the playground yesterday afternoon. 6．（26-27高二·全国·暑假作业）The audience (be) so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall. 7．（25-26高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Physics, as well as other natural sciences, (boost) our understanding of the universe. 8．（26-27高一·全国·暑假作业）Reading widely enriches our minds and (strength) our ability to analyze complex problems in daily life. 9．（25-26高二下·广东东莞·期中）It is a person’s attitude toward challenges, rather than his current level of skill, that (determine) how far he will go. 10．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）His family (plan) a summer tip to the mountains together ever since the Spring Festival, but now the family (be) busy preparing their luggage and travel supplies. 11．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）What matters most to the students (be) their final exam results, while what lie on the teacher’s desk (be) the marked papers. 12．（25-26高一下·吉林长春·期中）As far as I know, more than one student as well as three teachers (award) at the meeting the other day. 13．（25-26高一下·江苏·期中）With the development of technology, a large quantity of problems that used to be difficult to deal with (solve) by scientists recently. 14．（25-26高二下·广东深圳·阶段检测）Artificial intelligence, along with robotics, (revolutionize) modern healthcare over the past few years. 15．（25-26高一下·江苏南京·阶段检测）Not only the colors of the painting but also the technique used by the artist (matter) to art critics. 16．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）Many a student (be) selected to take part in the English competition, and more than one teacher (have) coached them on speaking and writing. 17．（25-26高一下·全国·课后作业）The father as well as his children (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday in winter. 18．（25-26高一上·湖南长沙·期末）The young boy, along with his best friends, (look) for his lost puppy under the old tree when some strange sound came from the thick bushes behind them. 19．（25-26高一上·江苏无锡·期末）Tom, together with his classmates, (prefer) to explore nature rather than stay at home during vacations. 20．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Among them (be) Adzwin Puteri Faizal, a petite young woman, who is a part of the locally renowned Yong Jun Lion Dance Association. 重点语法对比训练（主谓一致） Group 1 1.More than one person ______________(pass) the exam up to now. 2.More than one hundred persons______________(pass) the exam up to now. Group 2 3.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third __________ (use) regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. 4.One-third of the country ____________ (cover) with trees and the majority of the citizens ____________ (be) black people. Group 3 5. The following _______ (be) some other examples for you to refer to. 6. The following _______ (be) the specific information about the match. Group 4 7.This kind of these apples ________(be) sweet. 8. Apples of this kind ________(be) very sweet. Group5 9.A large amount of grain _________(eat) by birds up to now. 10.Large amounts of grain _________(eat) by birds up to now. Group 6 11.The old____________ (take) good care of by the government in China. 12.The beautiful____________ (enjoy) by all people in the world. Group 7 13.Not only Tom but also his sisters____________ (be) fond of watching TV. 14. ____________(be) not only Tom but also his sisters fond of watching TV? Group 8 15.Her family_________ (be) larger than mine and her family __________ (watch) TV now. 16.The committee _________ (make) up of 20 members, who________ (be) all experts in medicine. Group 9 17.Although the first part of the book is easy, the rest____________ (be) difficult. 18.Some of the students are playing basketball while the rest____________ (play) football. Group 10 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $