Unit 2 The Universal Language 动词-ing形式作主语和宾语（核心语法精练）英语译林版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦动词-ing形式作主语和宾语，构建“知识回顾-考点夯基-综合提升”三阶训练体系，系统提炼用法规则与解题技巧，强化语言应用能力与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|动词-ing形式变化/功能表格|时态/语态/复合结构规则梳理|概念生成（变化规则）→功能分类（主/宾语）| |考点夯基|单项选择30题+单句语法填空20题|不定式与-ing形式区别、高频动词短语归纳|用法拓展（与不定式辨析→固定搭配）| |综合提升|语法填空2篇+阅读3篇+写作1篇|语境化语法应用与跨文化表达策略|能力迁移（语法规则→语篇理解→书面表达）|

Unit 2 The Universal Language 核心语法精练 (动词-ing形式作主语和宾语) 目录 1 二、考点夯基 6 一、单项选择 6 二、单句语法填空 9 三、综合提升 9 一、语法填空 10 二、阅读理解 11 三、应用文写作 15 动词-ing形式的变化 非谓语 时态 语态 复合结构 否定式 动词-ving 一般式 完成式 注一：时态反映的是v-ing动作和主句谓语动作发生时间的先后关系： We don’t allow here.我们不允许在这儿抽烟。 He was praised for a boy from the river. 他因为从河里救起了一个男孩而受到了表扬。 语态反映的是动词-ving形式与它的逻辑主语之间的主谓或动宾关系： by the teacher made him very angry. 儿子受到了老师的惩罚使他很生气。 The superstar wore sunglasses when shopping without . 这位超级巨星在购物时戴着太阳镜，没有被人注意到。 注二：复合结构的用法： 当动词-ving形式短语作主语、宾语时，具有名词特性，其逻辑主语由“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词”表示，放在动词-ving形式短语之前。当动词-ving形式短语不在句首时，也可由“名词普通格或代词宾格”表示。 made the teacher very angry.海伦/她没来上课，让老师很生气。 They insisted on at the meeting.他们坚持要我在会上发言。 特别注意：复合结构中，逻辑主语为无生命名词时，就用普通格。 suddenly made me late for school. 时钟突然停了害得我上学迟到。 动词-ing形式的功能 所能充当的成分 主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾语补足语 状语 v-ing 说明：①通常我们把作主语、宾语、表语或定语的v-ing形式统称为“动名词”； ②v-ing形式还可以作表语或定语，这时我们又把其称之为“现在分词”； ③v-ing形式作宾语补足语或状语时，我们也把其称之为“现在分词”。 (②③两点不是本单元所要涉及的知识) 详解： 1. 动词-ing形式(短语)作主语 is very helpful.大声朗读是很有好处的。 is interesting.集邮很有趣。 does harm to our skin.长时间暴露在太阳下对我们的皮肤有害。 2. 动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语 They haven’t finished .他们还没有建好大坝。(作谓语动词finish的宾语) We have to prevent the air from .我们必须阻止空气被污染。(作介词from的宾语) 3. 动词-ing形式(短语)作表语 In the ant city, the queen’s job is .在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。 The worker’s work is .那个工人的工作是打扫房间。 4. 动词-ing形式作定语 动词-ing形式作定语表示物体的性质或用途。 I bought a for my parents.我给父母买了一台洗衣机。 Is there a in your school?你们学校有游泳池吗？ 动词-ing形式作主语和宾语用时的重点 情 形 解 读 例 句 动词-ing形式与不定式作谓语动词宾语时的区别 一般来说，不定式表示一次的、具体的动作；动词-ving形式表示长期的、经常的行为 I like ,but I don’t like ______ _____ today. 我喜欢游泳但我今天不想游泳。 用动词-ing形式作宾语的常见动词(短语) “避免”“逃避”“放弃”，该“停止”：avoid, escape, give up, quit/stop He last year. 去年他戒酒了。 “想要”“喜爱/享受”“欣赏/感激”，弃“不喜欢/憎恶”：feel like, enjoy, appreciate, dislike/hate I a break now. 此刻我想要休息一会儿。 “坚持”“继续”“练习”，莫“错 过”：insist on, keep(on), practice, miss She English last winter.去年冬天她一直坚持练习英 语口语。 “完成”“想象”“劝告”“建议”， 定“允许”：finish, imagine, advise, suggest, permit/allow I have the letter. 我已经写完了这封信。 “延期”“推迟”“介意”，徒“后悔”：delay, postpone/put off, mind, regret Now he carrying out his plan.如今他后悔推迟实施自己的计划。 “承认”“否认”“提到”，需“报告”：acknowledge/admit, deny, mention, report The boy the window.男孩否认打碎了窗户。 “容忍”“花费”“原谅”，要“冒险”：bear/stand/tolerate, spend, excuse, risk Nobody will this precious chance.没有人会冒险丢掉这次宝贵机 会。 动词本身意义不变，跟不定式和动词-ving形式作宾语意义不同 remember to do sth.记住要做某事 (事情还未做) remember doing sth.记得过去做过某事 (事情已经做了) Do remember ____ the door when you leave. 离开时一定要记得锁门。 He doesn’t remember anything about the affair.他不记得关于这件事说过什么了。 forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事 (事情还未做) forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 (事情已经做了) Don’t forget to an umbrella with you.别忘了带把伞。 He forgot his paper into his school-bag.他不记得自己已经把试卷放进书包里了。 动词本身含义不同，跟不定式和动词-ving形式作宾语意义不同 regret to do sth. 对紧接着要做或不做的事表示遗憾 regret doing sth. 对已发生的事表示遗憾或后悔 I regret you that you failed the exam.我遗憾地告诉你考试不及格。 She regretted time playing games.她后悔把时间浪费在游戏上。 mean to do sth.打算，想要做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事，意思是做某事 — I am so sorry! I didn’t mean ______ her.“我很抱歉！我不是有意伤害她的。” —But talking like that means _______ her.“但是那样说话意味着伤害她。” try to do sth.努力做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 I tried asleep but I failed last night. 昨晚我竭力入睡却没能成功。 You can try to soft music at bedtime.你可以睡前试着听听轻音乐。 can’t help(to)do sth.不能帮忙做某事 can’t help doing sth.情不自禁，忍不住做某事 I have piles of homework and can’t help for your project.我作业很 多，没法帮你为这个项目做准备。 She couldn’t help at the funny story. 听到有趣的故事，她忍不住笑起来。 动词本身意义不变，跟不定式被动式和动词-ving形式作宾语意义相同 want，need，require接动词-ving形式表示被动意义，接不定式就要用被动式，这时主语与动词-ving形式之间为动宾关系。 注意：sth. be worthy of being done =sth. be worthy to be done = sth. be worth doing The machine wants/needs ____________. 这台机器需要修理 Now that you’re grown up, you’d better spend your time just on the things you find .既然你们已经长大了，你们最好多花一点时间在你们认为值得做的事情上。 某些动词跟动词不定式和跟动词-ing形式内涵 不同 stop to do停下来，要做另一件事 stop doing停止做 We stopped a short rest after a long-time walk.长途跋涉之后我们停下 来稍作休息。 They stopped when the teacher entered the classroom.老师走进教室，他们便停止交谈。 go on to do sth.接着做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事 After finishing his homework, he went on English articles.写完作业之 后，他接下来去阅读英语文章。 Though it was late, she went on her oral English.尽管天色已晚，她依旧继续练习英语口语。 it作形式主语，动词-ing形式作真正的主语 “It is + no use/no good/useless/worthwhile”句型 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 动词-ing形式用于特殊句型 “There is no + doing”句型 There is no telling what will happen next.无法预料接下来会发生什么。 attach great importance to认为……非常重要 apply to适用于 be addicted to沉溺于 be/become/get used to/accustomed to习惯于 be devoted to献身/专心于，致力于 (devote oneself to献身/专心于，致力于) be opposed to/object to反对 contribute to贡献，有助于(make a contribution to做贡献) get down to着手，开始 lead to导致 limit sb. to限制某人…… look forward to盼望 pay attention to注意，专心 prefer doing A to doing B宁愿做A事 而不愿做B事 refer to提及，查阅、参考 stick to坚持 see to负责 take to喜欢上，逐渐习惯 一、单项选择 1. ________ a club or team builds social skills and introduces new hobbies and interests. A. Joining B. Being joined C. To be joined D. Having joined 2. We don’t allow ________ in the office. But you are allowed ________ in the rest room. A. smoking, smoking B. to smoke, to smoke C. smoking, to smoke D. smoke, smoking 3. ________ healthy habits, such as exercising and eating well, can steadily improve your physical and mental well-being. A. Having built B. Built C. To build D. Building 4. Ever since she was young, she has been looking forward to ________ in this college. A. being educated B. educating C. being educating D. educate 5. Lily pretended _________ the moment the teacher walked in, which made the teacher annoyed because she couldn’t bear _________. A. to be writing; being lied to B. to write; being lied to C. to be writing; to be lied to D. to write; to be lied to 6. Hearing the news that his best friend would move to another city, Bob could not prevent his tears ________ out of his eyes. A. coming B. came C. to come D. having come 7. While out shopping, can you resist ________ to purchase items that you don’t really need? A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade 8. If you suffer from burnout at work, consider ________ your schedule and reducing non-essential commitments. A. reassess B. being reassessed C. reassessing D. to reassess 9. Jenny can’t resist ________ to buy the things that she doesn’t really need while shopping. A. being persuaded B. to persuade C. persuading D. to be persuaded 10. ________ the meeting himself gave the public a great deal of encouragement, instantly boosting the stock market. A. The president attending B. The president had attend C. The president attended D. The president’s attending 11. After several months of professional training, they were made used ________ the machine. A. to operating on B. to operate C. to operating D. to operate on 12. I didn’t mean ________ anything but ice cream looked so good that I can’t help ________. A. to eat, to try B. eating, trying C. eating, to try D. to eat, trying 13. ________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A. Learn B. Learned C. Learning D. Having learned 14. After being stopped by the police, the man admitted ________ the car. A. stealing B. steal C. to steal D. stolen 15. —What matters for the cooperation between companies? —________ differences in a sincere way. A. Approached B. Having approached C. To be approached D. Approaching 16. The machine requires ________, so the workers are required ________ ready. A. repaired, to get B. repairing, to get C. repairing, getting D. to be repaired, getting 17. —Did you enjoy yourself last night? —Yes, it’s very nice of you. I appreciated ________ to the party. A. to be invited B. to have invited C. having been invited D. having invited 18. I regret ________ you that your application has been unsuccessful. We truly regret ________ any inconvenience this may have caused. A. to inform, causing B. informing, to cause C. to inform, to cause D. informing, causing 19. After ________ by the heavy deluge, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ________ in the disaster region. A. being struck, were trapped B. struck, having been trapped C. being struck, trapped D. having been struck ; were trapped 20. ________ adequate funds for the restoration project, the museum authorities are now considering ________ public donations. A. Not having secured, launching B. Not securing, to launch C. Having not secured, launching D. Having not secured, to launch 21. Paul has always regretted ________ harder at school when he was young. A. not having studied B. to not have studied C. not being studied D. to not study 22. It is no use ________ to persuade him ________ a holiday because he is a work addict. A. trying, to have B. trying, having C. to try, having D. to try, to have 23. You can not imagine a child ________ so cruelly. A. to treat B. treating C. being treated D. to be treated 24. As far as I am concerned, this idea is well worth________. A. to be considered B. considered C. being considered D. considering 25. It’s no good ________ for other people to make decisions for you. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. to be waiting 26. I prefer ________ her some presents ________ her some money. A. to buying,to giving B. to buy,to give C. buy,give D. buying,to giving 27. Wang made up his mind to devote all his effort to ________ his oral English before going abroad. A. have improved B. be improved C. be improving D. improving 28. That antique watch _________ my grandfather, and he never admitted _________ it to anyone before his death. A. was belonging to, selling B. belonged to, to sell C. was belonging to, to sell D. belonged to, selling 29. ________ to classical works of literature from an early age is likely to develop a student’s ability of logical thinking and aesthetic appreciation. A. Being exposed B. Exposing C. Exposed D. To expose 30. ________ in the traffic jam, I usually set out at 7:00 in the morning from home by car. A. To avoid to be caught B. To avoid being caught. C. Avoiding being caught D. Avoiding to be caught 二、单句语法填空 1. _________(recite)is one of the most useful ways of learning English. 2. I still remember what you have devoted to _________(improve)my oral English and English writing. 3. The boy was lucky to escape _________(punish). 4. Now read how she felt after being in the (hide)place since July 1942. 5. _________(admit)to the top university brought him a great sense of achievement. 6. Students deserve _________(praise)for their efforts to get improved. 7. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine _________(work)anywhere else. 8. He thinks _________(it)no use _________(argue)with her because she is very stubborn. 9. You are so kind-hearted that I enjoy _________(accompany)by you. 10. _________(give)a second chance by his boss made him happy. 11. During the educational field trip to the mountain, we deeply realized the difficulty we had _________(protect) wild animals, whose living environment was at risk. 12. The poor assistant missed the presentation and felt very frustrated, so his friend kept _________(comfort)him. 13. I don’t mind _________(wait)for you for a while, but please be quick. 14. She regretted _________(not take)her teacher’s advice when making the decision. 15. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _________(persuade)into buying something they don’t really need. 16. To achieve this aim, many approaches to _________(create)true AI have been put forward including “deep learning”. 17. These incidents led some scientists to develop ways to keep the costly robots from _________(trap)in the sand. 18. My tutor recommended _________(put)the finishing touches to my essay and I did as he told me. 19. As a light sleeper, he couldn’t tolerate _________(disturb)by any noise at deep night. 20. Jenny can’t resist _________(persuade)to buy the things that she doesn’t really need while shopping. 一、语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (25-26高二上·湖南怀化·阶段检测)The tango is a South American dance ___1___ is passionate and emotionally intense between two people. Like the tango, some actions or activities take two people. You can’t do them alone. Like a fight. ___2___(fight)with yourself, whether a verbal argument or a fist fight, would look really silly! And ___3___(do)the tango by yourself might look silly too. We often use the expression “it takes two to tango” ___4___(describe)a situation, usually a difficult one, ___5___ two people or two parties are equally ___6___(blame). We also use this expression when two people or two parties are responsible for ___7___(get)something done. For example, some reforms in the United States will need both parties ___8___(come)together. After all, it takes two to tango. Sometimes we shorten this expression by ___9___(leave)out the subject and say, “takes two to tango.” Here are more examples. We need to work together on this problem, or we will never find a solution. Like the ___10___(say)goes, “it takes two to tango.’’ This project is too big for one person. I’ll help you. Takes two to tango! B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (改编自25-26高一下·江西赣州·期中)Wuxi, a city in Jiangsu Province in eastern China, is raising its voice on the global stage ___1___(improve)cultural exchange and urban promotion through the power of its unique Jiangnan melodies(旋律). The “going global” of culture and art is ___2___ important name card that Wuxi presents to the world. In February, the Wuxi Chinese Orchestra completed a 16-day “Spring of Chinese Music European” concert tour, ___3___ marked the orchestra’s first public appearance in Europe with its more than 80 musicians. It performed seven ___4___(concert)across seven cities in the countries of Belgium, Germany, Austria and Hungary. This tour not only was the orchestra’s largest-ever overseas activity but represented Wuxi, composing a new page of cultural exchange and ___5___(understand)between China and the world. “This tour gave me the strongest feeling that music knows no borders and that culture can ___6___(feel)by everyone through music,” said a player of the Wuxi Chinese Orchestra. “Every time we performed on stage, I could truly sense the audience ___7___(listen)with their whole hearts. We showed our national culture with music from the East ___8___ they welcomed it with the warmest applause.” At the first ___9___(perform)in the Centre for Fine Arts in Belgium, all 2,000 seats were filled, according to the orchestra. When the melody of Horse Race filled the hall, the familiar tune moved many overseas Chinese to tears, while European listeners couldn’t help ___10___(clap)to the rhythm. 二、阅读理解 A (25-26高二上·河北邯郸·阶段检测)The rise of AI(artificial intelligence)music creators has brought fresh attention to the future of the music industry. Unlike traditional musicians who depend on instruments, creators such as Oliver McCann use AI chatbots to produce music. Despite lacking musical talent or background, he creates songs in various styles. After one of his tracks hit 3 million streams(播放量), McCann signed with a record label, becoming the first AI-created artist to land such a contract. Tools like Suno and Udio are driving a new wave of AI-made music, with fully AI-produced group Velvet Sundown—now popular online—serving as a striking example. This change not only makes music creation easier for everyone but also raises worries about mass-produced low-quality content and the risk of shaking up the industry. Generative AI is set to reshape music, yet its impact on the $29.6 billion global recorded music market remains unclear. Data from music streaming service Deezer shows that AI-made songs account for 18% of daily uploads but represent only a tiny share of total streams. The technology has also divided the music community. Many artists and labels fear copyright infringement (侵权) and the devaluation of human creativity, with major companies like Sony, Universal and Warner bringing legal claims against Suno and Udio, and over 1,000 musicians protesting proposed AI-related law changes in the UK. However, other figures, like William and Timbaland, have welcomed AI. Some users draw comparisons between this criticism and past doubts about synthesizers (electronic instruments). Scott Smith, who leads AI band Pulse Empire, views AI as just another tool, and both he and McCann stress the effort needed to improve AI outputs—sometimes requiring dozens of attempts to get a satisfying song. While AI can write songs, users often find them unoriginal and prefer creating their own. Experts believe AI could enable anyone to produce a hit, significantly lowering barriers to music production. However, legal uncertainties surrounding copyright have created a “Wild West” atmosphere, and as AI gains broader acceptance, it may soon compete on music charts, unlocking new creative possibilities for people worldwide. 1. What does the author want to show by mentioning Oliver McCann in paragraph 1? A. AI music creators can achieve success. B. He has musical talent and background. C. Traditional musicians are losing their jobs. D. AI chatbots can’t make various music styles. 2. What can we infer about AI music from paragraph 3? A. It takes a large share of total streams. B. It pushes global music market growth. C. Its copyright problems have been solved. D. It is not widely accepted by audiences. 3. What conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 4? A. AI music has already topped global charts. B. Doubts about synthesizers were reasonable. C. Not all in the music field are against AI music. D. The UK has passed laws limiting AI music. 4. Which statement would Scott Smith agree with? A. AI could produce perfect music. B. AI only plays a supportive role. C. New tools hurt musical creativity. D. Electronic instruments are outdated. B (25-26高二上·河南洛阳·期末)The finest musical instrument is the one we all own and carry with us always: the human voice. A few years ago, several elderly farmers visited my house on Ireland’s windswept Atlantic coast. As midnight approached and the outside turned dark and freezing, one of the farmers suddenly began to sing. His voice echoed(回响)through the silence, high and sharp, singing a folk song about Banna Strand. At such moments, singing becomes the soundtrack of our lives. Everything starts with the first music we ever hear—the voice of our mother. It is people opening their mouths to sing that lend seriousness and ritual(仪式)to occasions like birthdays and weddings. Once the human voice is put into music, no matter whether your preference is Callas, Adele, or Queen, musical instruments are reduced to supporting roles. Like a fingerprint, the voice stamps music with a personal mark and can produce endless variations. Borrowing sounds and tones from spoken language, the human voice endows music with a feeling, an emotion, or a story—maybe a tale of a heartless lover, or of a ship that never made it to Banna Strand. Nearly all forms of music bear signs of the human voice. When you listen to Chopin’s gentle pieces, what you hear is a piano imitating the human voice. When my violin teacher, Clarence Myerscough, wanted me to understand how to phrase a melody, he never showed it with his 17th-century Maggini violin. Instead, he sang with his plain 20th-century voice. Singing does us a world of good. Concentrating on singing loudly refreshes both the mind and the body. The breathing in singing clears our airways, helping to prevent coughs and colds. Belting out a song can also relieve frustrations. Why not test if this works? If you don’t have the confidence to join a local choir(合唱团), you can at least lock yourself safely in the bathroom while taking a shower, open your mouth, take a deep breath, and let out your own voice—even if it is not perfect. Music lies within you. You just need to find it. 5. Why does the author mention the elderly Irish farmer in the text? A. To show the wide spread of folk songs. B. To stress the unique charm of the voice. C. To prove farmers enjoy singing folk songs. D. To share an unforgettable personal experience. 6. What does the underlined word “endows” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Records. B. represents. C. Provides. D. Exchanges. 7. How does the author support his opinion in paragraph 5? A. By listing some famous musicians and their works. B. By displaying the historical development of music forms. C. By giving specific examples in different musical situations. D. By making a comparison between different musical instruments. 8. Which of the following would the author most probably agree with? A. Singing is beneficial to our health both physically and mentally. B. People sing on weddings to express their wishes for a better life. C. Only professional singers can bring music to life with their voices. D. The human voice is less expressive than other musical instruments. C (25-26高二下·安徽宿州·期中)Kendall Griffith is a student at Bard College majoring in both the pipa, a four-stringed Chinese lute, and Asian studies. Born and raised in Boston, Griffith started her journey into Chinese culture nine years ago, when she began learning Chinese for its writing system and tones. While learning Chinese, she was fascinated by traditional Chinese music in a drama she was watching. Griffith did some research and discovered that the instrument she was drawn to was the pipa. “I like the sound of the pipa, especially the techniques that are incorporated with it,” Griffith says, adding that her parents and friends have been very supportive of her learning Chinese traditional music. Griffith’s father helped her discover the instrument and she found her first pipa teacher, who was part of the Boston Chinese Ensemble. Sometimes, after performances, people would tell her, “I’ve never seen a non-Chinese person play this before. That’s very cool. Last semester, Griffith studied at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing. Learning the pipa in the city, where “Chinese music is happening”, Griffith felt pushed beyond her comfort zone and learned more about her passion. “There was an interesting lecture that talked about the similarities between most Chinese music and things in calligraphy. There’s a lot of empty space, and I can now incorporate that feeling into a lot of the music I play,” she says. “Chinese music also emulates nature in a way. The sound it makes can resemble a horse; you can visualize it. There are many techniques not seen in Western instruments, such as bending the strings or using your five fingers to create a tremolo(颤音). I enjoy telling my friends about it,” she says. Griffith’s friends, who were amazed by her impressions, started attending more Chinese music concerts, wanting to learn more. Diving into another culture through music makes Griffith value the culture more. She said, “When you learn about a different type of music, it makes you appreciate the culture more. It makes you realize how important it is to be open-minded. I feel more open-minded about why things are the way they are.” 9. What initially drew Griffith to start learning the pipa? A. Her major in Asian studies. B. The Chinese tone system. C. The unique sound of the pipa. D. The support from her father. 10. What does the underlined word “emulates” in paragraph 6 mean? A. Imitate. B. Protect. C. Feature. D. Enrich. 11. What can be inferred from people’s reactions after Griffith’s performances? A. They were skeptical about her skills. B. They expected more Chinese elements in her playing. C. They thought her performance was too traditional. D. They were impressed by her non-Chinese background playing the pipa. 12. What benefit does Griffith get from learning Chinese music? A. It has deepened her love for Chinese culture. B. It has developed her critical thinking. C. It has promoted her Chinese learning. D. It has made her more interested in Western music. 三、应用文写作 (25-26高一下·浙江宁波·期中)假定你是李华，你校将举办一场主题为“Music: A Bridge for Cultural Exchange”的国际生交流会。你被邀请作为学生代表发表英文演讲。请你撰写这篇演讲稿。 内容包括：1. 阐述音乐在文化交流中的作用； 2. 结合自身经历，介绍一首歌曲、一件乐器或一种音乐形式，并说明其承载的文化内涵； 3. 呼吁大家通过音乐与世界对话，促进文化互鉴。 注意：1. 写作词数应为100个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Good morning, dear friends! _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 The Universal Language 核心语法精练 (动词-ing形式作主语和宾语) 目录 1 二、考点夯基 6 一、单项选择 3 二、单句语法填空 13 三、综合提升 16 一、语法填空 17 二、阅读理解 20 三、应用文写作 26 动词-ing形式的变化 非谓语 时态 语态 复合结构 否定式 动词-ving 一般式 doing being done 作宾语可用 sb.(普通格)或 sb’s (所有格)+ doing 作主语只能用 sb’s(所有格)+ doing 说明：复合结构中，逻辑主语为无生命名词时，就用普通格。 在前加not 特别注意复合结构的否定式： sb./sb’s not doing sb./sb’s not having done 完成式 having done having been done 注一：时态反映的是v-ing动作和主句谓语动作发生时间的先后关系： We don’t allow smoking here.我们不允许在这儿抽烟。 He was praised for having saved a boy from the river. 他因为从河里救起了一个男孩而受到了表扬。 语态反映的是动词-ving形式与它的逻辑主语之间的主谓或动宾关系： His son’s having been punished by the teacher made him very angry. 儿子受到了老师的惩罚使他很生气。 The superstar wore sunglasses when shopping without being noticed. 这位超级巨星在购物时戴着太阳镜，没有被人注意到。 注二：复合结构的用法： 当动词-ving形式短语作主语、宾语时，具有名词特性，其逻辑主语由“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词”表示，放在动词-ving形式短语之前。当动词-ving形式短语不在句首时，也可由“名词普通格或代词宾格”表示。 Helen’s/Her being absent made the teacher very angry.海伦/她没来上课，让老师很生气。 They insisted on my/me speaking at the meeting.他们坚持要我在会上发言。 特别注意：复合结构中，逻辑主语为无生命名词时，就用普通格。 The clock stopping suddenly made me late for school. 时钟突然停了害得我上学迟到。 动词-ing形式的功能 所能充当的成分 主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾语补足语 状语 v-ing ● ● ● ● ● ● 说明：①通常我们把作主语、宾语、表语或定语的v-ing形式统称为“动名词”； ②v-ing形式还可以作表语或定语，这时我们又把其称之为“现在分词”； ③v-ing形式作宾语补足语或状语时，我们也把其称之为“现在分词”。 (②③两点不是本单元所要涉及的知识) 详解： 1. 动词-ing形式(短语)作主语 Reading aloud is very helpful.大声朗读是很有好处的。 Collecting stamps is interesting.集邮很有趣。 Being exposed to the sun for a long time does harm to our skin.长时间暴露在太阳下对我们的皮肤有害。 2. 动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语 They haven’t finished building the dam.他们还没有建好大坝。(作谓语动词finish的宾语) We have to prevent the air from being polluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染。(作介词from的宾语) 3. 动词-ing形式(短语)作表语 In the ant city, the queen’s job is laying eggs.在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。 The worker’s work is cleaning the room.那个工人的工作是打扫房间。 4. 动词-ing形式作定语 动词-ing形式作定语表示物体的性质或用途。 I bought a washing machine for my parents.我给父母买了一台洗衣机。 Is there a swimming pool in your school?你们学校有游泳池吗？ 动词-ing形式作主语和宾语用时的重点 情 形 解 读 例 句 动词-ing形式与不定式作谓语动词宾语时的区别 一般来说，不定式表示一次的、具体的动作；动词-ving形式表示长期的、经常的行为 I like swimming,but I don’t like to swim today. 我喜欢游泳但我今天不想游泳。 用动词-ing形式作宾语的常见动词(短语) “避免”“逃避”“放弃”，该“停止”：avoid, escape, give up, quit/stop He gave up drinking last year. 去年他戒酒了。 “想要”“喜爱/享受”“欣赏/感激”，弃“不喜欢/憎恶”：feel like, enjoy, appreciate, dislike/hate I feel like taking a break now. 此刻我想要休息一会儿。 “坚持”“继续”“练习”，莫“错 过”：insist on, keep(on), practice, miss She kept(on)practising speaking English last winter.去年冬天她一直坚持练习英 语口语。 “完成”“想象”“劝告”“建议”， 定“允许”：finish, imagine, advise, suggest, permit/allow I have finished writing the letter. 我已经写完了这封信。 “延期”“推迟”“介意”，徒“后悔”：delay, postpone/put off, mind, regret Now he regrets putting off carrying out his plan.如今他后悔推迟实施自己的计划。 “承认”“否认”“提到”，需“报告”：acknowledge/admit, deny, mention, report The boy denied having broken the window.男孩否认打碎了窗户。 “容忍”“花费”“原谅”，要“冒险”：bear/stand/tolerate, spend, excuse, risk Nobody will risk losing this precious chance.没有人会冒险丢掉这次宝贵机 会。 动词本身意义不变，跟不定式和动词-ving形式作宾语意义不同 remember to do sth.记住要做某事 (事情还未做) remember doing sth.记得过去做过某事 (事情已经做了) Do remember to lock the door when you leave.离开时一定要记得锁门。 He doesn’t remember saying anything about the affair.他不记得关于这件事说过什么了。 forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事 (事情还未做) forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 (事情已经做了) Don’t forget to take an umbrella with you.别忘了带把伞。 He forgot putting his paper into his school-bag.他不记得自己已经把试卷放进书包里了。 动词本身含义不同，跟不定式和动词-ving形式作宾语意义不同 regret to do sth. 对紧接着要做或不做的事表示遗憾 regret doing sth. 对已发生的事表示遗憾或后悔 I regret to tell you that you failed the exam.我遗憾地告诉你考试不及格。 She regretted wasting time playing games.她后悔把时间浪费在游戏上。 mean to do sth.打算，想要做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事，意思是做某事 — I am so sorry! I didn’t mean to hurt her.“我很抱歉！我不是有意伤害她的。” —But talking like that means hurting her.“但是那样说话意味着伤害她。” try to do sth.努力做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 I tried to fall asleep but I failed last night. 昨晚我竭力入睡却没能成功。 You can try listening to soft music at bedtime.你可以睡前试着听听轻音乐。 can’t help(to)do sth.不能帮忙做某事 can’t help doing sth.情不自禁，忍不住做某事 I have piles of homework and can’t help to prepare for your project.我作业很多， 没法帮你为这个项目做准备。 She couldn’t help laughing at the funny story. 听到有趣的故事，她忍不住笑起来。 动词本身意义不变，跟不定式被动式和动词-ving形式作宾语意义相同 want，need，require接动词-ving形式表示被动意义，接不定式就要用被动式，这时主语与动词-ving形式之间为动宾关系。 注意：sth. be worthy of being done =sth. be worthy to be done = sth. be worth doing The machine wants/needs to be repaired/needs repairing. 这台机器需要修理 Now that you’re grown up, you’d better spend your time just on the things you find worthy of being done/worthy to be done/worth doing.既然你们已经长大了，你们最好多花一点时间在你们认为值得做的事情上。 某些动词跟动词不定式和跟动词-ing形式内涵 不同 stop to do停下来，要做另一件事 stop doing停止做 We stopped to have a short rest after a long-time walk.长途跋涉之后我们停下 来稍作休息。 They stopped talking when the teacher entered the classroom.老师走进教室，他们便停止交谈。 go on to do sth.接着做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事 After finishing his homework, he went on to read English articles.写完作业之 后，他接下来去阅读英语文章。 Though it was late, she went on practising her oral English.尽管天色已晚，她依旧继续练习英语口语。 it作形式主语，动词-ing形式作真正的主语 “It is + no use/no good/useless/worthwhile”句型 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 动词-ing形式用于特殊句型 “There is no + doing”句型 There is no telling what will happen next.无法预料接下来会发生什么。 附录：以下常见短语中的“to”是介词，后面要跟动词-ing形式作宾语： attach great importance to认为……非常重要 apply to适用于 be addicted to沉溺于 be/become/get used to/accustomed to习惯于 be devoted to献身/专心于，致力于 (devote oneself to献身/专心于，致力于) be opposed to/object to反对 contribute to贡献，有助于(make a contribution to做贡献) get down to着手，开始 lead to导致 limit sb. to限制某人…… look forward to盼望 pay attention to注意，专心 prefer doing A to doing B宁愿做A事 而不愿做B事 refer to提及，查阅、参考 stick to坚持 see to负责 take to喜欢上，逐渐习惯 一、单项选择 1. ________ a club or team builds social skills and introduces new hobbies and interests. A. Joining B. Being joined C. To be joined D. Having joined 【答案】A 【解析】句意：加入俱乐部或团队可以培养社交技能并培养新的爱好和兴趣。________ a club or team作主语，此处应用动词-ing形式作主语，且表示主动，故选A。 2. We don’t allow ________ in the office. But you are allowed ________ in the rest room. A. smoking, smoking B. to smoke, to smoke C. smoking, to smoke D. smoke, smoking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们不允许在办公室吸烟。但是你可以在休息室吸烟。第一空为非谓语动词作宾语，根据allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”可知，此处使用动词-ing形式作宾语；第二空为allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”的被动结构，sb. be allowed to do sth.意为“某人被允许做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式作主语补足语，故选C。 3. ________ healthy habits, such as exercising and eating well, can steadily improve your physical and mental well-being. A. Having built B. Built C. To build D. Building 【答案】D 【解析】句意：养成健康的习惯，比如锻炼和良好的饮食，可以稳定地改善你的身心健康。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，本句中“养成健康习惯”是一种长期的生活方式，并非具体某一次的行为，应用动词-ing形式作主语，故选D。 4. Ever since she was young, she has been looking forward to ________ in this college. A. being educated B. educating C. being educating D. educate 【答案】A 【解析】句意：从她年轻时起，就一直期待着在这所大学接受教育。由短语look forward to doing sth.(期待做某事)可知，空格处需用动词-ing形式。“她”是“接受教育”的对象，存在被动关系，所以用动词-ing形式的被动式，故选A项。 5. Lily pretended _________ the moment the teacher walked in, which made the teacher annoyed because she couldn’t bear _________. A. to be writing; being lied to B. to write; being lied to C. to be writing; to be lied to D. to write; to be lied to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：老师一进来，莉莉就假装在写字，这让老师很生气，因为她不能忍受被欺骗。根据句意可知，第一空表示“假装正在做某事”，应用pretend to be doing sth.；第二空bear doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“忍受做某事”，且此处表示被动，应用bear being done。故填A。 6. Hearing the news that his best friend would move to another city, Bob could not prevent his tears ________ out of his eyes. A. coming B. came C. to come D. having come 【答案】A 【解析】句意：听到最好的朋友要搬到另一个城市的消息，鲍勃忍不住眼泪流了出来。prevent sb./sth.(from)doing sth. 是固定搭配，表示“阻止……做某事”，此处应用动词-ing形式coming作宾语，故选A项。 7. While out shopping, can you resist ________ to purchase items that you don’t really need? A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当你外出购物时，你能拒绝被说服去购买那些你并不真正需要的东西吗？短语resist doing sth.意思是“抵抗做某事，忍住不做某事”，resist后面要接动词-ing形式，且persuade“说服”和you逻辑上是被动关系，因此用persuade的动词-ing形式被动式，作宾语，故选A。 8. If you suffer from burnout at work, consider ________ your schedule and reducing non-essential commitments. A. reassess B. being reassessed C. reassessing D. to reassess 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如果你在工作中感到倦怠，可以考虑重新评估你的日程安排并减少非必要的任务。“consider doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“考虑做某事”，用动词-ing作宾语，且reassess(评估)与其逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，用动词-ing主动式reassessing形式作宾语，故选C项。 9. Jenny can’t resist ________ to buy the things that she doesn’t really need while shopping. A. being persuaded B. to persuade C. persuading D. to be persuaded 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在购物时，Jenny禁不住被人劝去买她并不真正需要的东西。固定搭配resist doing sth.“抵制做某事”，且persuade和逻辑主语Jenny之间表示被动关系，此处需用动词-ing形式的被动式作宾语，故选A。 10. ________ the meeting himself gave the public a great deal of encouragement, instantly boosting the stock market. A. The president attending B. The president had attend C. The president attended D. The president’s attending 【答案】D 【解析】句意：总统亲自参加会议这一行为给了公众极大的鼓舞，立即提振了股市。分析句子结构可知，空处应填入能充当主语的成分。The president’s attending(名词所有格 + 动词-ing形式)是动词-ing形式的复合结构，可在句中作主语。故填 D。 11. After several months of professional training, they were made used ________ the machine. A. to operating on B. to operate C. to operating D. to operate on 【答案】C 【解析】句意：经过几个月的专业训练，他们已经习惯操作这台机器了。be used to“习惯于……”to是介词，其后接operate的动词-ing形式作宾语，且operate“操作”是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语。综上，故选C。 12. I didn’t mean ________ anything but ice cream looked so good that I can’t help ________. A. to eat, to try B. eating, trying C. eating, to try D. to eat, trying 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我并没有打算吃什么东西，但是冰淇淋看上去太美味了，以至于我情不自禁品尝了。此处为短语mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事”，can’t/couldn’t help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”；mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”；couldn’t help to do sth.意为“不能帮助做某事”不符合语境，故选D。 13. ________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A. Learn B. Learned C. Learning D. Having learned 【答案】C 【解析】句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语，此处用动词-ing形式作主语，故选C。 14. After being stopped by the police, the man admitted ________ the car. A. stealing B. steal C. to steal D. stolen 【答案】A 【解析】句意：被警察拦住后，那人承认偷了车。admit doing sth.承认做过某事(做过了)，being stopped by the police可知那人已经偷过车了，故选A项。 15. —What matters for the cooperation between companies? —________ differences in a sincere way. A. Approached B. Having approached C. To be approached D. Approaching 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“什么对企业之间的合作很重要？”“以真诚的方式处理分歧。”回答what应用动词-ing或动词不定式。根据句意可知，应该用动词-ing形式的一般式，故选D。 16. The machine requires ________, so the workers are required ________ ready. A. repaired, to get B. repairing, to get C. repairing, getting D. to be repaired, getting 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这台机器需要修理，所以要求工人们做好准备。第一空require doing含有被动的意思，动词-ing形式作宾语，表示“有被……的需要”；第二空为短语require sb. to do表示“要求某人做某事”，故选B。 17. —Did you enjoy yourself last night? —Yes, it’s very nice of you. I appreciated ________ to the party. A. to be invited B. to have invited C. having been invited D. having invited 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“昨晚玩得好吗？”“是的。你真好。我很荣幸被邀请到派对。”appreciate+动词-ing形式；另外，是被邀请且是过去的事情，要用动词-ing形式完成式的被动式，故选C。 18. I regret ________ you that your application has been unsuccessful. We truly regret ________ any inconvenience this may have caused. A. to inform, causing B. informing, to cause C. to inform, to cause D. informing, causing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未获成功。对于由此可能给您带来的任何不便，我们深表歉意。第一空，regret to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“遗憾地做某事”(动作未发生)，“通知”是即将告知的事情，所以空处需填动词不定式to inform；第二空，regret doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“后悔做了某事”(动作已发生)，“带来不便”是已发生的情况，所以空处需填动词-ing 形式causing作宾语，故选A。 19. After ________ by the heavy deluge, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ________ in the disaster region. A. being struck, were trapped B. struck, having been trapped C. being struck, trapped D. having been struck ; were trapped 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在遭受特大暴雨袭击后，河南省景区受损严重，许多游客被困在灾区。第一空after是介词，后面要接动词-ing形式作宾语，strike(侵袭，袭击)与其逻辑主语Henan province之间是被动关系，要用动词-ing形式的被动式being struck；第二空是独立主格结构：逻辑主语tourists和trap是被动关系，即游客被困，用过去分词 trapped，故选C。 20. ________ adequate funds for the restoration project, the museum authorities are now considering ________ public donations. A. Not having secured, launching B. Not securing, to launch C. Having not secured, launching D. Having not secured, to launch 【答案】A 【解析】句意：由于没有为修复项目获得足够的资金，博物馆当局现在正在考虑发起公众捐款。第一空，secure“获得”在句中作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语the museum authorities是主动关系，secure这一动作发生在谓语动词consider之前，应用现在分词的完成式having done形式，且否定词应置于having done前，故填Not having secured。第二空，consider doing sth.为固定短语，意为“考虑做某事”，用launch“发起”的动词-ing形式launching，作宾语，故选A。 21. Paul has always regretted ________ harder at school when he was young. A. not having studied B. to not have studied C. not being studied D. to not study 【答案】A 【解析】句意：保罗一直后悔小时候在学校没有努力学习。根据“harder at school when he was young”和选项内容可知，保罗后悔的是小时候在学校“没有努力学习”，应用regret doing sth.表示“后悔或遗憾做过某事”，动词-ing形式作宾语，表示否定的not需放在doing之前，且“没有努力学习”和谓语行为之间有一定的时间间隔，应用动词-ing形式的完成式式，故选A。 22. It is no use ________ to persuade him ________ a holiday because he is a work addict. A. trying, to have B. trying, having C. to try, having D. to try, to have 【答案】A 【解析】句意：努力说服他去度假是没有用的，因为他是个工作狂。try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，have a holiday意为“去度假”。根据句式it is no use doing sth，表示“做某事是没有用的”，其中it为形式主语，可知，第一空动词应用动词-ing形式trying，作主语。persuade sb. to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”，故第二空填不定式to have，作宾补，故选A。 23. You can not imagine a child ________ so cruelly. A. to treat B. treating C. being treated D. to be treated 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你无法想象一个孩子被如此残忍地对待。imagine后面接动词-ing形式作宾语，child和treat之间是被动关系，用动词-ing形式的被动形式being treated，构成动词-ing形式的复合结构作宾语。 24. As far as I am concerned, this idea is well worth________. A. to be considered B. considered C. being considered D. considering 【答案】D 【解析】句意：就我而言，这个想法很值得考虑。分析句子结构可知，be worth doing sth.值得做某事，接动词-ing形式时，通常用主动形式表达被动含义，故选D项。 25. It’s no good ________ for other people to make decisions for you. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. to be waiting 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词-ing作主语。句意：等待别人为你做决定是没有用的。It’s no good doing sth意为“做某事没有好处”为固定句型，其中it作形式主语，动词-ing形式作真正的主语，故选C项。 26. I prefer ________ her some presents ________ her some money. A. to buying,to giving B. to buy,to give C. buy,give D. buying,to giving 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词-ing。句意：比起给她一些钱，我更喜欢给她买些礼物。prefer doing sth. to doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“比起做某事更喜欢做某事”，故选D。 27. Wang made up his mind to devote all his effort to ________ his oral English before going abroad. A. have improved B. be improved C. be improving D. improving 【答案】D 【解析】句意：王下定决心，在出国前全力以赴提高他的英语口语。devote ... to ...，表示“致力于”，是固定搭配，其中to为介词，后接动词-ing形式作宾语。此处“提高英语口语”是主动动作，需用动词-ing形式improving，符合语境，故选D项。 28. That antique watch _________ my grandfather, and he never admitted _________ it to anyone before his death. A. was belonging to, selling B. belonged to, to sell C. was belonging to, to sell D. belonged to, selling 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：那块古董手表是我祖父的遗物，他生前从未承认将它卖给过任何人。第一空belong to无被动式，结合后文admitted可知为一般过去时；第二空admit doing sth.表示“承认做过某事”，故选D。 29. ________ to classical works of literature from an early age is likely to develop a student’s ability of logical thinking and aesthetic appreciation. A. Being exposed B. Exposing C. Exposed D. To expose 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词-ing的被动式。句意：在幼年时期就接触经典文学作品，很可能会培养出学生的逻辑思维能力和审美鉴赏能力。空处作主语，且表示被动“被暴露于，接触”，用动词-ing形式的被动式being exposed，句首单词，首字母大写，故选A。 30. ________ in the traffic jam, I usually set out at 7:00 in the morning from home by car. A. To avoid to be caught B. To avoid being caught. C. Avoiding being caught D. Avoiding to be caught 【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了避免遭遇交通堵塞，我通常早晨7点开车从家出发。分析句子结构可知此处应用不定式短语在句中充当目的状语，固定短语avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，主语I与catch构成被动关系，所以要用动词-ing形式的被动式，故选B。 二、单句语法填空 1. _________(recite)is one of the most useful ways of learning English. 【答案】Reciting/Recitation 【解析】句意：背诵是学习英语最有用的方法之一。空处在句中作主语，可用动名词形式reciting作主语，也可用名词recitation“背诵”作主语，为不可数名词。空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Reciting或Recitation。 2. I still remember what you have devoted to _________(improve)my oral English and English writing. 【答案】improving 【解析】句意：我仍然记得您为提高我的英语口语和英语写作所做的努力。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据devote sth. to doing sth.意为“把……用于……”可知，what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作devoted的宾语，此空为介词to的宾语，所以使用动词-ing形式作宾语，故填improving。 3. The boy was lucky to escape _________(punish). 【答案】being punished 【解析】句意：这个男孩很幸运地逃脱了惩罚。此处是固定搭配escape doing sth.意为“逃脱做某事”，且punish与其逻辑主语The boy之间是被动关系，应用动词-ing形式的被动形式being punished作宾语，故填being punished。 4. Now read how she felt after being in the (hide)place since July 1942. 【答案】hiding 【解析】句意：现在读一读自 1942 年 7 月起待在藏身之地后她的感受。此处为固定搭配hiding place 意为“藏身之处”，此处用动名词hiding作定语修饰 place，表用途，故填hiding。 5. _________(admit)to the top university brought him a great sense of achievement. 【答案】Being admitted 【解析】句意：被顶尖大学录取让他获得了极大的成就感。空格处需填主语，而“________ to the top university”是整个句子的主语部分。动词admit不能直接作主语，需转化为动词-ing形式，“被 顶尖大学录取”应使用被动式，即be admitted，用动词ing形式被动形式being admitted 作主语，首字母大写，故填Being admitted。 6. Students deserve _________(praise)for their efforts to get improved. 【答案】praising/to be praised 【解析】句意：学生们为提高自己所做的努力值得表扬。deserve doing/deserve to be done为固定搭配，表示“值得，应受到”，其中的doing为主动式表被动，故填praising/to be praised。 7. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine _________(work)anywhere else. 【答案】working 【解析】句意：她在这里工作了17年，无法想象自己会去其他地方工作。短语imagine doing sth.表示“想象做某事”，故填 working。 8. He thinks _________(it)no use _________(argue)with her because she is very stubborn. 【答案】it, arguing 【解析】句意：他认为和她争论没有用，因为她很固执。当宾语为“no use, no good, no fun, a waste of time”等名词短语时，常用it作形式宾语，用动词-ing形式作真正的宾语且常后置，所以第一空用it作形式宾语，第二空用动词-ing形式arguing作真正的宾语，故填it, arguing。 9. You are so kind-hearted that I enjoy _________(accompany)by you. 【答案】being accompanied 【解析】句意：你是如此的善良，以至于我喜欢被你陪伴着。根据enjoy可知，其后要接动词-ing 形式作宾语；由 by 可知，此处要用被动形式表示“被陪伴”，所以空处需用动词ing 形式的被动形式 being accompanied，故填 being accompanied。 10. _________(give)a second chance by his boss made him happy. 【答案】Being given 【解析】句意：被老板给予第二次机会让他很开心。分析句子结构可知，此空作句子主语，应用动词ing 形式，且“他”是“被给予”机会，应用动词-ing 形式的被动式，即 being given，句首单词首字母大写，故填 Being given。 11. During the educational field trip to the mountain, we deeply realized the difficulty we had _________(protect) wild animals, whose living environment was at risk. 【答案】protecting 【解析】句意：在去山上的教育实地考察中，我们深切地意识到我们在保护野生动物方面所面临的困难，因为它们的生存环境正处于危险之中。“we had ________(protect)wild animals”为省略关系代词的定语从句，先行词 difficulty 作定语从句里 had 的逻辑宾语，根据 have difficulty(in)doing sth. 是固定搭配，表示“做某事有困难”可知，设空处应填 protect 的动词ing 形式 protecting，故填 protecting。 12. The poor assistant missed the presentation and felt very frustrated, so his friend kept _________(comfort)him. 【答案】comforting 【解析】句意：那个可怜的助手错过了演示环节，感到非常沮丧，于是他的朋友一直在安慰他。此处为短语keep doing sth.表示“不断做某事”，动词-ing形式作宾语，故填comforting。 13. I don’t mind _________(wait)for you for a while, but please be quick. 【答案】waiting 【解析】句意：我不介意等你一会儿，但请快点。动词 mind 表示“介意”时，后接动词需用动词-ing 形式(doing)，构成固定结构 mind doing sth.，意为“介意做某事”。因此此处填 wait 的动词ing 形式 waiting，故填 waiting。 14. She regretted _________(not take)her teacher’s advice when making the decision. 【答案】not having taken 【解析】句意：她后悔在做决定时没有采纳老师的建议。动词regretted常接动词-ing形式作宾语，此处表示的动作“没有采纳”发生在regretted之前，应用完成式，not having taken是动词-ing形式的完成否定式(not + having +过去分词)，故填not having taken。 15. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _________(persuade)into buying something they don’t really need. 【答案】being persuaded 【解析】句意：在购物时，人们有时禁不住被说服买一些他们并不真正需要的东西。can't help doing sth表示“禁不住做某事”，空处动词需要填动词-ing形式。people和persuade之间为被动关系，因此要用动词-ing形式的被动式，故填 being persuaded。 16. To achieve this aim, many approaches to _________(create)true AI have been put forward including “deep learning”. 【答案】creating 【解析】句意：为了实现这一目标，人们提出了许多创造真正人工智能的方法，包括“深度学习”。根据固定搭配“approaches to doing sth.(做某事的方法)”可知，此处to为介词，后接动词-ing形式作宾语，故填creating。 17. These incidents led some scientists to develop ways to keep the costly robots from _________(trap)in the sand. 【答案】being trapped 【解析】句意：这些事件促使一些科学家研发出了一些方法，以防止这些昂贵的机器人陷入沙中。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语keep sb./sth. from doing sth.，意为“阻止某人/某物做某事”，介词from后接动词-ing形式。句中 robots(机器人)和trap(使陷入)是被动关系—— 机器人是“被陷入沙子里”的对象，因此需要用动词-ing形式的被动式：being + 过去分词。trap的过去分词是 trapped，故填being trapped。 18. My tutor recommended _________(put)the finishing touches to my essay and I did as he told me. 【答案】putting 【解析】句意：我的导师建议我为我的论文做最后的润色工作，于是我就按照他的指示去做了。固定短语recommend doing sth.“建议做某事”，动词-ing形式作宾语，故填putting。 19. As a light sleeper, he couldn’t tolerate _________(disturb)by any noise at deep night. 【答案】being disturbed 【解析】句意：作为一个浅眠的人，他无法忍受在深夜被任何噪音打扰。tolerate doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“忍受做某事”，此处主语he与动词disturb之间为被动关系，需用动词-ing形式的被动形式，故填being disturbed。 20. Jenny can’t resist _________(persuade)to buy the things that she doesn’t really need while shopping. 【答案】being persuaded 【解析】句意：Jenny逛商场时，忍不住买了她实际上不需要的东西。根据can’t resist doing(忍不住做某事)可知空格处要用动词-ing形式，又由于Jenny与persuade是被动关系，因此要用动词-ing形式的被动式，故填being persuaded。 一、语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (25-26高二上·湖南怀化·阶段检测)The tango is a South American dance ___1___ is passionate and emotionally intense between two people. Like the tango, some actions or activities take two people. You can’t do them alone. Like a fight. ___2___(fight)with yourself, whether a verbal argument or a fist fight, would look really silly! And ___3___(do)the tango by yourself might look silly too. We often use the expression “it takes two to tango” ___4___(describe)a situation, usually a difficult one, ___5___ two people or two parties are equally ___6___(blame). We also use this expression when two people or two parties are responsible for ___7___(get)something done. For example, some reforms in the United States will need both parties ___8___(come)together. After all, it takes two to tango. Sometimes we shorten this expression by ___9___(leave)out the subject and say, “takes two to tango.” Here are more examples. We need to work together on this problem, or we will never find a solution. Like the ___10___(say)goes, “it takes two to tango.’’ This project is too big for one person. I’ll help you. Takes two to tango! 【答案】 1. that/which 2. Fighting 3. doing 4. to describe 5. where 6. to blame 7. getting 8. to come 9. leaving 10. saying 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章由南美洲的探戈切入，介绍了生活中需要双方才能完成的行为。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：探戈是一种南美舞蹈，两个人之间充满激情和强烈的情感。句中South American dance作先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导，故填that/which。 2. 考查动词-ing形式作主语。句意：和自己吵架，无论是口头争吵还是打架，看起来都很傻！此处作主语，陈述一般性事实，用动词-ing形式，故填Fighting。 3. 考查动词-ing形式作主语。句意：一个人跳探戈可能看起来也很傻。句中might look是谓语动词，do是非谓语动词，作主语，陈述一般性事实，用动词-ing形式形式，故填doing。 4. 考查动词不定式。句意：我们经常用“it takes two to tango”这个表达来描述一种情况，通常是一种困难的情况，两个人或两方都有同样的责任。固定搭配：use+宾语+to do sth.“用……做某事”，其中不定式作目的状语，故填to describe。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：我们经常用“it takes two to tango”这个表达来描述一种情况，通常是一种困难的情况，两个人或两方都有同样的责任。此处one指代a situation，作先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where引导，故填where。 6. 考查动词不定式。句意：我们经常用“it takes two to tango”这个表达来描述一种情况，通常是一种困难的情况，两个人或两方都有同样的责任。固定搭配：be to blame，表示“应该被责备”，故填to blame。 7. 考查动词-ing形式作宾语。句意：当两个人或两方负责完成某事时，我们也会使用这个表达。介词for后面用动词-ing形式作宾语，故填getting。 8. 考查不定式作宾语补足语。句意：例如，美国的一些改革需要两党共同努力。固定搭配：need sb. to do sth.“需要某人做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾补，故填to come。 9. 考查动词-ing形式作宾语。句意：有时我们通过省略主语来缩短这种表达，说：“探戈需要两个人。”介词by后面用动词-ing形式作宾语，by doing sth.“通过做某事”，故填leaving。 10. 考查名词。句意：就像俗话说的那样，“一个巴掌拍不响。”此处应用名词saying作主语，意为“谚语，名句”，故填saying。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (改编自25-26高一下·江西赣州·期中)Wuxi, a city in Jiangsu Province in eastern China, is raising its voice on the global stage ___1___(improve)cultural exchange and urban promotion through the power of its unique Jiangnan melodies(旋律). The “going global” of culture and art is ___2___ important name card that Wuxi presents to the world. In February, the Wuxi Chinese Orchestra completed a 16-day “Spring of Chinese Music European” concert tour, ___3___ marked the orchestra’s first public appearance in Europe with its more than 80 musicians. It performed seven ___4___(concert)across seven cities in the countries of Belgium, Germany, Austria and Hungary. This tour not only was the orchestra’s largest-ever overseas activity but represented Wuxi, composing a new page of cultural exchange and ___5___(understand)between China and the world. “This tour gave me the strongest feeling that music knows no borders and that culture can ___6___(feel)by everyone through music,” said a player of the Wuxi Chinese Orchestra. “Every time we performed on stage, I could truly sense the audience ___7___(listen)with their whole hearts. We showed our national culture with music from the East ___8___ they welcomed it with the warmest applause.” At the first ___9___(perform)in the Centre for Fine Arts in Belgium, all 2,000 seats were filled, according to the orchestra. When the melody of Horse Race filled the hall, the familiar tune moved many overseas Chinese to tears, while European listeners couldn’t help ___10___(clap)to the rhythm. 【答案】 1. to improve 2. an 3. which 4. concerts 5. understanding 6. be felt 7. listening 8. and 9. performance 10. clapping 【导语】文章主要介绍了无锡通过其独特的江南旋律在全球舞台上提升文化交流和城市推广所做的努力，包括无锡民族乐团在欧洲的巡演及其反响。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国东部江苏省无锡市正在全球舞台上提高声音，通过其独特的江南旋律的力量促进文化交流和城市推广。“(improve)cultural exchange...”是“raising its voice...”的目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to improve。 2. 考查冠词。句意：文化艺术“走出去”是无锡向世界展示的一张重要名片。可数名词name card是单数形式，此处表示“一张名片”，泛指，且important发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰，故填an。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：2月，无锡民族乐团完成了为期16天的“中国音乐之春欧洲”巡演，这是该乐团80多名音乐家首次在欧洲公开亮相。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句，故填which。 4. 考查名词的数。句意：它在比利时、德国、奥地利和匈牙利的七个城市举办了七场音乐会。可数名词concert作宾语，由seven修饰，用复数形式，故填concerts。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这次巡演不仅是乐团有史以来规模最大的海外活动，而且代表了无锡，谱写了中外文化交流与理解的新篇章。and 连接并列名词短语 culturalexchange 和空格处词汇，此处需要把动词 understand 变为动词-ing形式understanding，和exchange并列，故填understanding。 6. 考查动词语态。句意：无锡民族乐团的一位演奏家说：“这次巡演让我感触最深的是，音乐无国界，文化可以通过音乐被每个人感受到。”feel(感受)是从句中谓语动词，与主语culture之间是被动关系，用被动式，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填be felt。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：每次我们在舞台上表演，我都能真正感受到观众全心全意地聆听。句子谓语为 could sense，listen 要用非谓语形式；audience 与 listen 之间是主动关系，现在分词listening作宾语补足语，构成固定结构sense sb. doing sth.(感受到某人正在做某事)，故填listening。 8. 考查连词。句意：我们用东方的音乐展示我们的民族文化，他们用最热烈的掌声欢迎它。结合句意，“We showed our national culture...”和“they welcomed it with...”是并列关系，用并列连词and连接两个分句，故填and。 9. 考查名词。句意：据乐团介绍，在比利时美术中心的首场演出中，2000个座位全部坐满。此处作介词at后宾语，结合定冠词the可知，用名词performance，意为“演出”，故填performance。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当《赛马》的旋律响彻大厅时，熟悉的曲调让许多海外华人感动落泪，而欧洲听众则情不自禁地随着节奏鼓掌。can’t help doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“情不自禁做某事”，用动词-ing形式clapping作宾语，故填clapping。 二、阅读理解 A (25-26高二上·河北邯郸·阶段检测)The rise of AI(artificial intelligence)music creators has brought fresh attention to the future of the music industry. Unlike traditional musicians who depend on instruments, creators such as Oliver McCann use AI chatbots to produce music. Despite lacking musical talent or background, he creates songs in various styles. After one of his tracks hit 3 million streams(播放量), McCann signed with a record label, becoming the first AI-created artist to land such a contract. Tools like Suno and Udio are driving a new wave of AI-made music, with fully AI-produced group Velvet Sundown—now popular online—serving as a striking example. This change not only makes music creation easier for everyone but also raises worries about mass-produced low-quality content and the risk of shaking up the industry. Generative AI is set to reshape music, yet its impact on the $29.6 billion global recorded music market remains unclear. Data from music streaming service Deezer shows that AI-made songs account for 18% of daily uploads but represent only a tiny share of total streams. The technology has also divided the music community. Many artists and labels fear copyright infringement (侵权) and the devaluation of human creativity, with major companies like Sony, Universal and Warner bringing legal claims against Suno and Udio, and over 1,000 musicians protesting proposed AI-related law changes in the UK. However, other figures, like William and Timbaland, have welcomed AI. Some users draw comparisons between this criticism and past doubts about synthesizers (electronic instruments). Scott Smith, who leads AI band Pulse Empire, views AI as just another tool, and both he and McCann stress the effort needed to improve AI outputs—sometimes requiring dozens of attempts to get a satisfying song. While AI can write songs, users often find them unoriginal and prefer creating their own. Experts believe AI could enable anyone to produce a hit, significantly lowering barriers to music production. However, legal uncertainties surrounding copyright have created a “Wild West” atmosphere, and as AI gains broader acceptance, it may soon compete on music charts, unlocking new creative possibilities for people worldwide. 1. What does the author want to show by mentioning Oliver McCann in paragraph 1? A. AI music creators can achieve success. B. He has musical talent and background. C. Traditional musicians are losing their jobs. D. AI chatbots can’t make various music styles. 2. What can we infer about AI music from paragraph 3? A. It takes a large share of total streams. B. It pushes global music market growth. C. Its copyright problems have been solved. D. It is not widely accepted by audiences. 3. What conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 4? A. AI music has already topped global charts. B. Doubts about synthesizers were reasonable. C. Not all in the music field are against AI music. D. The UK has passed laws limiting AI music. 4. Which statement would Scott Smith agree with? A. AI could produce perfect music. B. AI only plays a supportive role. C. New tools hurt musical creativity. D. Electronic instruments are outdated. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕人工智能音乐创作者的兴起展开，介绍了其发展现状、对音乐行业的影响，包括带来的机遇与引发的担忧，以及音乐界对此的不同态度和相关的法律争议等。 【详解】 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“After one of his tracks hit 3 million streams, McCann signed with a record label, becoming the first AI-created artist to land such a contract.(在他的一首歌曲播放量达到300万次后，麦肯与一家唱片公司签约，成为首位获得此类合同的人工智能创作艺人)”可知，作者提及奥利弗・麦肯是为了说明人工智能音乐创作者能够取得成功，故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Data from music streaming service Deezer shows that AI-made songs account for 18% of daily uploads but represent only a tiny share of total streams.(音乐流媒体服务平台Deezer的数据显示，人工智能创作的歌曲占每日上传量的18%，但在总播放量中仅占很小的比例)”可知，人工智能音乐的总播放量占比低，由此可推断出它尚未被观众广泛接受，故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Many artists and labels fear copyright infringement and the devaluation of human creativity(许多艺术家和唱片公司担心版权侵权以及人类创造力的贬值)”以及“However, other figures, like William and Timbaland, have welcomed AI.(然而，威廉和蒂姆巴兰等其他人则对人工智能表示欢迎)”可知，音乐领域并非所有人都反对人工智能音乐，故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Scott Smith, who leads AI band Pulse Empire, views AI as just another tool, and both he and McCann stress the effort needed to improve AI outputs — sometimes requiring dozens of attempts to get a satisfying song. While AI can write songs, users often find them unoriginal and prefer creating their own.(人工智能乐队Pulse Empire的领头人斯科特·史密斯将人工智能视为另一种工具，他和麦肯都强调了提高人工智能输出所需的努力——有时需要几十次尝试才能得到一首令人满意的歌曲。虽然人工智能可以写歌，但用户经常发现它们不是原创的，更喜欢自己创作)”推知，斯科特・史密斯认为人工智能只是一种工具，仅扮演辅助角色，故选B。 B (25-26高二上·河南洛阳·期末)The finest musical instrument is the one we all own and carry with us always: the human voice. A few years ago, several elderly farmers visited my house on Ireland’s windswept Atlantic coast. As midnight approached and the outside turned dark and freezing, one of the farmers suddenly began to sing. His voice echoed(回响)through the silence, high and sharp, singing a folk song about Banna Strand. At such moments, singing becomes the soundtrack of our lives. Everything starts with the first music we ever hear — the voice of our mother. It is people opening their mouths to sing that lend seriousness and ritual(仪式)to occasions like birthdays and weddings. Once the human voice is put into music, no matter whether your preference is Callas, Adele, or Queen, musical instruments are reduced to supporting roles. Like a fingerprint, the voice stamps music with a personal mark and can produce endless variations. Borrowing sounds and tones from spoken language, the human voice endows music with a feeling, an emotion, or a story — maybe a tale of a heartless lover, or of a ship that never made it to Banna Strand. Nearly all forms of music bear signs of the human voice. When you listen to Chopin’s gentle pieces, what you hear is a piano imitating the human voice. When my violin teacher, Clarence Myerscough, wanted me to understand how to phrase a melody, he never showed it with his 17th-century Maggini violin. Instead, he sang with his plain 20th-century voice. Singing does us a world of good. Concentrating on singing loudly refreshes both the mind and the body. The breathing in singing clears our airways, helping to prevent coughs and colds. Belting out a song can also relieve frustrations. Why not test if this works? If you don’t have the confidence to join a local choir(合唱团), you can at least lock yourself safely in the bathroom while taking a shower, open your mouth, take a deep breath, and let out your own voice—even if it is not perfect. Music lies within you. You just need to find it. 5. Why does the author mention the elderly Irish farmer in the text? A. To show the wide spread of folk songs. B. To stress the unique charm of the voice. C. To prove farmers enjoy singing folk songs. D. To share an unforgettable personal experience. 6. What does the underlined word “endows” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Records. B. represents. C. Provides. D. Exchanges. 7. How does the author support his opinion in paragraph 5? A. By listing some famous musicians and their works. B. By displaying the historical development of music forms. C. By giving specific examples in different musical situations. D. By making a comparison between different musical instruments. 8. Which of the following would the author most probably agree with? A. Singing is beneficial to our health both physically and mentally. B. People sing on weddings to express their wishes for a better life. C. Only professional singers can bring music to life with their voices. D. The human voice is less expressive than other musical instruments. 【答案】5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人声是最棒的乐器，阐释其在音乐中的核心地位与独特魅力，还说明歌唱对身心的益处，并鼓励人们放声歌唱。 5. 推理判断题。根据第二段“As midnight approached and the outside turned dark and freezing, one of the farmers suddenly began to sing. His voice echoed(回响)through the silence, high and sharp, singing a folk song about Banna Strand.(随着午夜的临近，外面变得又黑又冷，其中一位农夫突然唱起歌来，他的歌声高亢清脆，在寂静中回荡，唱的是一首关于班纳滩的民谣)”及第三段“At such moments, singing becomes the soundtrack of our lives.(在这样的时刻，歌唱成了我们生活的原声)”可知，作者提及此事是为了强调人声的独特魅力，故选B。 6 词义猜测题。根据第四段“Borrowing sounds and tones from spoken language, the human voice endows music with a feeling, an emotion, or a story — maybe a tale of a heartless lover, or of a ship that never made it to Banna Strand.(人声从口语中借鉴各种音调和音色，为音乐endows情感、情绪或故事——或许是一个薄情恋人的故事，又或是一艘从未抵达班纳滩的船的故事)”可知，人声为音乐赋予了情感、情绪或故事，endows意为“提供；赋予”，与Provides意义相近，故选C。 7. 推理判断题。根据第五段“When you listen to Chopin’s gentle pieces, what you hear is a piano imitating the human voice.(当你聆听肖邦舒缓的乐曲时，你听到的是钢琴在模仿人声)”及“Instead, he sang with his plain 20th-century voice.(相反，他用自己普通的现代嗓音唱了出来)”可知，作者通过不同音乐场景的具体例子支撑观点，故选C。 8. 推理判断题。根据第六段“Singing does us a world of good. Concentrating on singing loudly refreshes both the mind and the body.(歌唱对我们大有裨益。专心放声歌唱能让身心都恢复活力)”可知，作者认为歌唱对人的身体和心理都有益处，故选A。 C (25-26高二下·安徽宿州·期中)Kendall Griffith is a student at Bard College majoring in both the pipa, a four-stringed Chinese lute, and Asian studies. Born and raised in Boston, Griffith started her journey into Chinese culture nine years ago, when she began learning Chinese for its writing system and tones. While learning Chinese, she was fascinated by traditional Chinese music in a drama she was watching. Griffith did some research and discovered that the instrument she was drawn to was the pipa. “I like the sound of the pipa, especially the techniques that are incorporated with it,” Griffith says, adding that her parents and friends have been very supportive of her learning Chinese traditional music. Griffith’s father helped her discover the instrument and she found her first pipa teacher, who was part of the Boston Chinese Ensemble. Sometimes, after performances, people would tell her, “I’ve never seen a non-Chinese person play this before. That’s very cool. Last semester, Griffith studied at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing. Learning the pipa in the city, where “Chinese music is happening”, Griffith felt pushed beyond her comfort zone and learned more about her passion. “There was an interesting lecture that talked about the similarities between most Chinese music and things in calligraphy. There’s a lot of empty space, and I can now incorporate that feeling into a lot of the music I play,” she says. “Chinese music also emulates nature in a way. The sound it makes can resemble a horse; you can visualize it. There are many techniques not seen in Western instruments, such as bending the strings or using your five fingers to create a tremolo(颤音). I enjoy telling my friends about it,” she says. Griffith’s friends, who were amazed by her impressions, started attending more Chinese music concerts, wanting to learn more. Diving into another culture through music makes Griffith value the culture more. She said, “When you learn about a different type of music, it makes you appreciate the culture more. It makes you realize how important it is to be open-minded. I feel more open-minded about why things are the way they are.” 9. What initially drew Griffith to start learning the pipa? A. Her major in Asian studies. B. The Chinese tone system. C. The unique sound of the pipa. D. The support from her father. 10. What does the underlined word “emulates” in paragraph 6 mean? A. Imitate. B. Protect. C. Feature. D. Enrich. 11. What can be inferred from people’s reactions after Griffith’s performances? A. They were skeptical about her skills. B. They expected more Chinese elements in her playing. C. They thought her performance was too traditional. D. They were impressed by her non-Chinese background playing the pipa. 12. What benefit does Griffith get from learning Chinese music? A. It has deepened her love for Chinese culture. B. It has developed her critical thinking. C. It has promoted her Chinese learning. D. It has made her more interested in Western music. 【答案】9. C 10. A 11. D 12. A 【导语】文章主要介绍了美国学生Kendall Griffith学习琵琶、远赴中央音乐学院深造，并在过程中感悟中国音乐与文化魅力、拓宽包容心态的经历。 9. 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“‘I like the sound of the pipa, especially the techniques that are incorporated with it’(‘我喜欢琵琶的音色，尤其喜欢琵琶所蕴含的演奏技法’)”可知，琵琶独特的音色最初吸引Griffith开始学习琵琶，故选C。 10. 词义猜测题。根据原文第六段“The sound it makes can resemble a horse; you can visualize it.(它发出的声音可以模仿马的声响，你可以想象出画面)”可知，中国音乐在某种程度上也师法自然、描摹自然。故此处emulates与resemble语义相近，意为“模仿”，故选A。 11. 推理判断题。根据原文第四段“Sometimes, after performances, people would tell her, “I’ve never seen a non-Chinese person play this before. That’s very cool.(有时候演出结束后，人们会对她说：“我从来没见过非华人弹奏琵琶，太厉害了。”)”可知，人们对她非华人身份却能弹奏琵琶印象深刻，故选D。 12. 细节理解题。根据原文最后一段“Diving into another culture through music makes Griffith value the culture more.(通过音乐深入另一种文化，让Griffith更加珍视这种文化)”可知，学习中国音乐加深了她对中国文化的热爱，故选A。 三、应用文写作 (25-26高一下·浙江宁波·期中)假定你是李华，你校将举办一场主题为“Music: A Bridge for Cultural Exchange”的国际生交流会。你被邀请作为学生代表发表英文演讲。请你撰写这篇演讲稿。 内容包括：1. 阐述音乐在文化交流中的作用； 2. 结合自身经历，介绍一首歌曲、一件乐器或一种音乐形式，并说明其承载的文化内涵； 3. 呼吁大家通过音乐与世界对话，促进文化互鉴。 注意：1. 写作词数应为100个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Good morning, dear friends! _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】   Good morning, dear friends!     It is a great honor to stand here. Today, I’d like to talk about music as a bridge for cultural exchange. Music is a universal language that transcends borders, connecting hearts from diverse backgrounds.     Take the Erhu, a traditional Chinese instrument, as an example. I started learning it at age ten. Its beautiful melodies, such as the masterpiece Erquan Yingyue, deeply reflect the Chinese philosophy of resilience and harmony with nature. Whenever I play it for foreign friends, they are always touched by its profound emotional depth.     Therefore, let’s embrace music to converse with the world. By sharing and appreciating different musical traditions, we can foster mutual understanding and cultural exchange.     Thank you! 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以学生代表李华的身份，在国际生交流会上发表题为“Music: A Bridge for Cultural Exchange”的英文演讲，阐述音乐在文化交流中的作用，结合自身经历介绍一种音乐形式及其文化内涵，并呼吁大家通过音乐促进文化互鉴。 【详解】 1. 词汇积累   荣誉：honor→privilege/glory/credit 超越：transcend→surpass/go beyond/exceed 连接：connect→link/unite/bind 欣赏：appreciate→admire/enjoy/value 2. 句式拓展 原 句：I started learning it at age ten. 拓展句：It was at age ten that I started learning it. 【高分句型】 1. Music is a universal language that transcends borders, connecting hearts from diverse backgrounds. (运用了that引导的定语从句以及现在分词作状语) 2. Whenever I play it for foreign friends, they are always touched by its profound emotional depth. (运用了Whenever引导的让步状语从句) 3. By sharing and appreciating different musical traditions, we can foster mutual understanding and cultural exchange.(运用了介词by+动词-ing形式<sharing, appreciating>作宾语，动词foster+动词-ing形式 <understanding>作宾语) 1 / 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $