Unit 8 语法精讲精练2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册
Unit 8 语法精讲精练
主谓一致
一、核心定义
主谓一致:句子主语和谓语动词在人称、单复数上保持统一,主语为单数,谓语用单数形式;主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。
三大判断原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
二、三大核心规则
规则 1 语法一致(看主语单词本身单复数)
单数名词、不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数
Tennis requires strength.(tennis 单数运动名词,三单)
Water is important.(不可数名词,谓语单数)
复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数
The Winter Olympics start next month.
不定代词作主语:everyone /everybody/everything /someone/anyone /neither/either 作主语,一律谓语单数
Everybody is looking forward to the games.
Neither is suitable.
Each athlete has a story.
规则 2 就近一致(either…or /neither…nor /not only…but also)
谓语动词单复数,由离它最近的主语决定
Either A or B 要么 A 要么 B
Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a good choice.(靠近 Adam 单数→is)
Neither A nor B 既不… 也不
Neither winning nor losing is everything.(靠近 losing 单数→is)
规则 3 意义一致(集合名词 family /team/class)
表整体(一个团体),谓语单数
My family watches sports together.(全家整体)
表全体成员(一个个的人),谓语复数
My family watch sports together.(家人们各自观看)
三、常考并列主语句型
both … and … 两者都,谓语永远复数
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Both kung fu and boxing are popular.
all of /none of
all of + 复数名词 → 复数谓语;all of + 不可数→单数
none 可单可复,书面常用单数
单个运动、学科名词(maths, physics, tennis)看似复数,实为单数,谓语三单
四、主谓一致分类速记表
主语类型 | 谓语形式 | 例句 |
everyone/each/either/neither/ 单一运动名词 | 单数 | Everyone looks forward to the match.
|
both…and 连接两个主语 | 复数 | Both are fast. |
either…or / neither…nor | 就近一致 | Neither you nor he knows the rule.
|
集合名词 family/class | 表整体单;表成员复 | The team wins.(整体)/The team argue.(队员)
|
复数专有名词 Olympics | 复数 | The Olympics start soon. |
五、易错警示
Olympics、sports 本身是复数名词,谓语不用三单:The sports are fun.
each 放主语后仍不改变复数:They each have a dream.(主语 they 复数→have)
neither/either 单独作主语,谓语一定单数,不受含义影响
专项分层训练
专项一 4a 圈主语,划出谓语,判断单复数
Everybody is looking forward to the 4×100-metre relay.
Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a possible choice.
Both are quite fast.
The Winter Olympics start next month.
Neither is really suitable for me.
My family also watch/ watches sports together.
专项二 4b 用动词正确形式填空
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