内容正文:
专题六:过去进行时复习
01 专题导学
关键词
内容
复习目标
1. 能够正确理解过去进行时的含义和用法。
2. 能够正确掌握过去进行时的结构(was/were + doing)。
3. 能够正确区分过去进行时与一般过去时。
4. 能够正确使用 when 与 while 引导的时间状语从句与过去进行时搭配。
复习重点
1. 过去进行时的结构(was/were + 动词-ing)。
2. when 与 while 引导时间状语从句的用法区别。
3. 过去进行时的标志词(at that time, at 8 o’clock last night, then)。
4. 过去进行时与一般过去时的对比。
复习难点
1. when(+ 短暂动词)与 while(+ 延续动词)的用法区别。
2. 过去进行时与一般过去时的选择判断。
3. was/were 与主语的正确搭配。
02 语法精讲与考点梳理
考点1:过去进行时的定义与结构
【定义】过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。它强调动作的持续性和进行性。
【用法分类】
用法1:表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作
常与 at that time, at 8 o’clock last night, at this time yesterday, then 等时间状语连用。
例句:I was reading a book at 8 o’clock last night.
翻译:昨晚八点我正在看书。
用法2:表示过去某一段时间内一直在进行的动作
常与 those days, the whole morning, all day yesterday 等连用。
例句:We were preparing for the exam those days.
翻译:那些天我们一直在准备考试。
用法3:表示过去两个同时进行的动作
常与 while 连用,强调两个动作同时发生。
例句:While I was reading, my sister was watching TV.
翻译:我在看书时,妹妹在看电视。
【结构公式】
肯定句:主语 + was/were + 动词-ing + 其他.
否定句:主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 动词-ing + 其他.
一般疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他?
特殊疑问句:疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词-ing?
【要点详解】
was 用于 I / he / she / it 以及单数主语。
were 用于 you / we / they 以及复数主语。
现在分词(动词-ing)的变化规则与现在进行时相同。
考点2:when 与 while 的用法区别
【定义】when 和 while 都可以引导时间状语从句,都与过去进行时搭配使用,但用法有所不同。
【用法分类】
1. when + 一般过去时(短暂动作)
when 后常用短暂性动词(如 come, arrive, happen),用一般过去时。
例句:I was sleeping when the earthquake happened.
翻译:地震发生时我正在睡觉。
2. while + 过去进行时(延续动作)
while 后常用延续性动词(如 read, sleep, play, talk),用过去进行时。
例句:While I was reading, my mother was cooking.
翻译:我在读书时,妈妈在做饭。
3. when + 过去进行时(偶尔也用)
when 后也可用延续性动词,但不如 while 常见。
例句:We were having dinner when Tom came in.(when+短暂动词更常见)
【要点详解】
when 后可接短暂动作(一般过去时)或持续动作(过去进行时)。
while 后必须接持续动作(过去进行时)。
when 强调“就在这时(突然)”,while 强调“同时进行”。
⚠️ 不能说:while the earthquake happened.(happen 是短暂动词)
口诀:
when 后跟短动作,while 后跟长动作;
短动过时不能忘,长动进行不能错。
考点3:过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
【定义】过去进行时强调“正在持续进行”,一般过去时强调“已经完成”。两者的选用取决于表达意图。
【用法对比】
对比项
过去进行时
一般过去时
强调重点
动作正在进行、持续
动作已经完成
句式结构
was/were + doing
动词过去式
例句
I was sleeping when the phone rang.
I slept for 8 hours last night.
含义
正在睡觉,被电话打断
睡了8个小时(已完成)
【要点详解】
过去进行时强调“在……的过程中”。
一般过去时强调“动作已经结束”。
在叙事中,过去进行时通常用于背景动作,一般过去时用于触发动作。
03 重点归纳
过去进行时结构表
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + was/were + doing
I was sleeping.
否定句
主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + doing
I wasn’t sleeping.
一般疑问句
Was/Were + 主语 + doing?
Were you sleeping?
肯定回答
Yes,主语 + was/were.
Yes, I was.
否定回答
No,主语 + wasn’t/weren’t.
No, I wasn’t.
when 与 while 对比
连词
从句动词
从句时态
例句
when
短暂动词
一般过去时
when the earthquake happened
while
延续动词
过去进行时
while I was reading
04 过关检测
一、单项选择(共10题)
1. I ______ sleeping when the ground shook.
A. am B. was C. were D. have
2. While they ______ walking, a storm broke out.
A. are B. were C. was D. have
3. The cloud ______ spreading over the land like a flood.
A. is B. was C. were D. are
4. I ______ a book at 9 o’clock last night.
A. read B. was reading C. am reading D. have read
5. I ______ sleeping when the earthquake happened.
A. sleep B. was sleeping C. slept D. have slept
6. We were dancing ______ they were singing.
A. when B. while C. after D. before
7. ______ I was reading, my mother was cooking.
A. When B. While C. After D. Before
8. I ______ reading when he came in.
A. was B. were C. am D. have
9. She ______ TV at that time.
A. watches B. was watching C. is watching D. has watched
10. They ______ a party when the teacher came in.
A. were having B. had C. are having D. will have
二、用所给词的适当形式填空(共8题)
1. I ______ (sleep) when the ground shook.
2. While they ______ (walk), a storm broke out.
3. I ______ (read) a book at 9 last night.
4. We ______ (dance) while they were singing.
5. I ______ (sleep) when the earthquake happened.
6. ______ I was reading, my mother ______ (cook).
7. She ______ (watch) TV at that time.
8. They ______ (have) a party when the teacher came in.
三、完成句子(共6题)
1. 我正睡着觉,这时地面震动起来。
I ______ ______ when the ground shook.
2. 他们正走着,这时一场风暴爆发了。
While they ______ ______, a storm broke out.
3. 昨晚九点我正在看书。
I ______ ______ a book at 9 last night.
4. 我们跳舞时他们在唱歌。
We were dancing ______ they were singing.
5. 地震发生时我正在睡觉。
I ______ ______ when the earthquake happened.
6. 那时她正在看电视。
She ______ ______ TV at that time.
参考答案
一、单项选择
1. B【详解】主语 I 与 was 搭配,表示过去正在进行的动作。故选 B。
2. B【详解】while 引导过去进行时,主语 they 用 were。故选 B。
3. B【详解】主语 The cloud 是单数,用 was。故选 B。
4. B【详解】at 9 o’clock last night 是过去具体时刻,用过去进行时。故选 B。
5. B【详解】表示正在睡觉时被中断,用过去进行时。故选 B。
6. B【详解】两个同时进行的动作,用 while。故选 B。
7. B【详解】while 引导两个同时进行的动作。故选 B。
8. A【详解】主语 I 用 was,过去进行时。故选 A。
9. B【详解】at that time 表示过去具体时刻,用过去进行时。故选 B。
10. A【详解】when 引导从句,主句用过去进行时。故选 A。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. was sleeping(过去进行时)
2. were walking(while + 过去进行时)
3. was reading(过去进行时)
4. were dancing(过去进行时)
5. was sleeping(过去进行时)
6. While; was cooking(while + 过去进行时)
7. was watching(过去进行时)
8. were having(过去进行时)
三、完成句子
1. was sleeping(过去进行时)
2. were walking(while + 过去进行时)
3. was reading(过去进行时)
4. while(同时进行)
5. was sleeping(过去进行时)
6. was watching(过去进行时)
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