内容正文:
Unit 3 Family traditions — 暑假预习讲义
01 课前导学
关键词
内容
学习目标
1. 能够正确使用系动词(linking verbs)连接主语和表语,描述状态、变化和感受。
2. 能够掌握本单元核心词汇和短语(indeed, shame, remove, lower, decision, cheat, strengthen, pass down, right and wrong)。
3. 能够理解“Catch of a lifetime”中父子关于道德抉择的故事,思考家庭传统与价值观的传承。
4. 能够用系动词描述家人的外貌、性格和家庭传统活动中的感受。
学习重点
1. 系动词的分类和用法(be / 感官 / 变化 / 保持)。
2. 系动词后接形容词或名词作表语。
3. 本单元核心词汇与短语。
学习难点
1. 区分系动词和实义动词(如 look 作系动词“看起来”vs look at“看”)。
2. 感官系动词后接形容词,不用副词。
3. 理解“ethics”在课文中的含义。
02 核心词汇
1. indeed adv. 确实(强调肯定的陈述或答复)
2. match n. 火柴
3. shame n. 令人惋惜的事;让人遗憾的事
4. remove v. 去掉
5. lower v. 把……放低
6. practice n. 实践;实际行动
7. decision n. 决定
8. cheat v. 欺骗;蒙骗
9. strengthen v. 加强;增强;巩固
10. fold v. 折叠 p.40
11. repetition n. 重复 p.43
12. pardon exclamation 请再说一遍 p.43
13. vacation n. 假期 p.44
14. somehow adv. 不知为什么
15. awkward adj. 令人尴尬的
16. laughter n. 笑;笑声
17. tear n. 眼泪
18. admiration n. 钦佩,赞赏
19. ethics n. 道德准则
20. grandchild n. 孙辈
03 核心短语
1. with admiration 钦佩地;赞赏地
2. right and wrong 是非
3. fresh in one’s memory 记忆犹新
4. bed sheet 床单 p.40
5. pass down 使……世代相传
6. let go of 放开,松手
7. come up against 遇到,面对
8. do right 做正确的事
9. tell the truth 说实话
10. make a decision 做决定
04 重点句型
1. The fish was indeed very large, but it was a bass.
那条鱼确实非常大,但它是一条鲈鱼。
2. It was a shame to let go of the fish.
放走那条鱼真是件遗憾的事。
3. He slowly removed the hook from the mouth of the huge fish and lowered it into the black water.
他慢慢地从大鱼嘴里取出鱼钩,把它放回漆黑的水中。
4. The creature shook its powerful body and disappeared.
那生物摇了摇它强壮的身体,消失了。
5. Jim has never again caught such an amazing fish.
吉姆再也没有钓到过如此神奇的鱼。
6. But he does see that same fish every time he comes up against a question of ethics.
但每当他面对道德问题时,他确实会看到那条同样的鱼。
7. It is only the practice of ethics that is difficult.
困难的只是践行道德。
8. Do we do right when no one is looking?
当没人看见时,我们还会做正确的事吗?
9. We would if we were taught to “put the fish back” when we were young.
如果我们从小就被教导要“把鱼放回去”,我们会的。
10. He was happy that he had made the right decision.
他为自己做了正确的决定而感到高兴。
11. She looked very tired after a long day of work.
工作了一整天后,她看起来很累。
12. Fathers seldom say “I love you”.
父亲很少说“我爱你”。
05 语法精讲与考点梳理
考点1:系动词的定义与功能
【定义】系动词(Linking Verbs)用来连接主语和表语,说明主语的身份、状态、特征或变化。系动词本身不能独立作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语。
【用法分类】
1. be 动词(最常用的系动词)
am / is / are / was / were
例句:He is a good boy. / She was very tired.
2. 感官系动词(与五官感觉相关)
look(看起来),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(感觉)
例句:He looks tired. / The food smells delicious.
3. 变化系动词(表示状态的变化)
become, get, go, grow, turn
例句:The dog got angrier. / The weather turned cold.
4. 保持系动词(表示状态的持续)
keep, remain, stay
例句:Keep quiet! / He remained silent.
【结构公式】主语 + 系动词 + 表语(形容词/名词)
考点2:感官系动词的用法
【定义】感官系动词表示通过五官感受到的特征,后面接形容词作表语,不用副词。
【用法分类】
系动词
含义
例句
look
看起来
He looked tired after work.
sound
听起来
The music sounds beautiful.
smell
闻起来
The flowers smell sweet.
taste
尝起来
The soup tastes delicious.
feel
感觉起来
The cloth feels soft.
【要点详解】
感官系动词后接形容词,不接副词。
⚠️ 错误示例:He looks tiredly.(应为 He looks tired.)
这些词也可作实义动词(感官系动词 vs 实义动词)。
【辨析】系动词 vs 实义动词
动词
系动词
实义动词
look
He looks tired.(看起来)
He looked at me.(看)
smell
The flowers smell nice.(闻起来)
I smelled the flowers.(闻)
taste
The soup tastes good.(尝起来)
I tasted the soup.(尝)
考点3:变化系动词的用法
【定义】变化系动词表示状态发生变化,常用于描述天气、情绪、身体状态等的改变。
【用法分类】
系动词
含义
例句
become
变得
He became a doctor.
get
变得
The dog got angrier.
go
变得(常指变坏)
The milk went bad.
grow
逐渐变得
It grew darker.
turn
变得(颜色/天气)
The weather turned cold.
【要点详解】
become 最常用,后可接形容词或名词。
get 常用于口语,表示逐渐变化。
go 常表示变坏、变差(如 go bad, go wrong)。
turn 常表示颜色、天气的变化。
考点4:保持系动词的用法
【定义】保持系动词表示状态保持不变,强调持续性。
【用法分类】
系动词
含义
例句
keep
保持
Keep quiet about Mum’s birthday party.
remain
仍然,保持
He remained silent.
stay
保持
I can’t stay awake any longer.
【要点详解】
这三个词后接形容词作表语。
keep 常用于祈使句。
考点5:系动词后接名词作表语
【定义】be, become, seem, remain 等系动词后也可接名词作表语,说明主语的类别或身份。
【结构公式】主语 + 系动词 + 名词
【例句】
✅ My hometown remains the best place in the world for me.
✅ Your family is the most important thing in your life.
✅ He became a famous writer.
考点6:核心词汇精讲
1. shame /ʃeɪm/ n. 令人惋惜的事;遗憾
【用法】常用于 It’s a shame(to do)结构。
【例句】
✅ It was a shame to let go of the fish.
✅ What a shame! / That’s a shame!
2. remove /rɪˈmuːv/ v. 去掉
【用法】及物动词,表示“移走、去掉”。
【例句】
✅ He slowly removed the hook from the mouth of the fish.
✅ Please remove your shoes before entering.
3. lower /ˈləʊə/ v. 把……放低
【用法】及物动词,反义词为 raise。
【例句】
✅ He lowered it into the black water.
✅ Please lower your voice.
4. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定
【用法】make a decision(做决定),come to a decision(达成决定)。
【例句】
✅ He was happy that he had made the right decision.
✅ It’s a difficult decision to make.
5. strengthen /ˈstreŋθn/ v. 加强;巩固
【用法】strength(n. 力量)+ -en(动词后缀)= strengthen(加强)。
【反义词】weaken(削弱)。
【例句】
✅ The experience strengthened him.
✅ We should strengthen our friendship.
6. pass down 使……世代相传
【用法】表示“把……传给后代”。
【例句】
✅ Jim’s father taught him a lesson that he would pass down to his grandchildren.
✅ This tradition has been passed down for generations.
7. admiration /ˌædməˈreɪʃn/ n. 钦佩;赞赏
【用法】常见搭配:with admiration(钦佩地)。
【例句】
✅ His father watched with admiration.
✅ I have great admiration for her courage.
06 重点归纳
一、系动词分类表
类别
系动词
例句
be动词
am, is, are, was, were
She is a teacher.
感官系动词
look, sound, smell, taste, feel
He looks tired.
变化系动词
become, get, go, grow, turn
It turned cold.
保持系动词
keep, remain, stay
Keep quiet!
二、本单元核心短语总结
短语
中文
with admiration
钦佩地
right and wrong
是非
fresh in one’s memory
记忆犹新
let go of
放开
come up against
面对
do right
做正确的事
pass down
世代相传
07 过关检测
一、单项选择(共10题)
1. The fish was ______ very large, but it was a bass.
A. instead B. indeed C. even D. just
2. He slowly ______ the hook from the mouth of the fish.
A. removed B. moved C. lowered D. raised
3. It was a ______ to let go of the fish.
A. shame B. chance C. decision D. match
4. He ______ it into the black water.
A. removed B. raised C. lowered D. lifted
5. Jim has never again ______ such an amazing fish.
A. catch B. catches C. caught D. catching
6. The decision to do right lives ______ in our memory.
A. fresh B. freshly C. fresher D. freshest
7. He looked ______ after work.
A. tired B. tiredly C. tiring D. tires
8. The food ______ great.
A. smells B. is smelling C. smell D. smelt
9. The dog ______ angrier and barked more.
A. got B. get C. gets D. getting
10. Keep ______ about Mum’s birthday party.
A. quietly B. quiet C. more quiet D. quietness
二、用所给词的适当形式填空(共8题)
1. The fish was ______(indeed) very large.
2. He slowly ______(remove) the hook from the fish.
3. He ______(lower) it into the black water.
4. It was a ______(shame) to let go of the fish.
5. He was happy that he had made the right ______(decide).
6. The decision to do right lives ______(fresh) in our memory.
7. She looks ______(beautiful) in that dress.
8. The food ______(smell) good.
三、完成句子(共6题)
1. 那条鱼确实非常大,但它是一条鲈鱼。
The fish was ______ very large, but it was a bass.
2. 他慢慢地从大鱼嘴里取出鱼钩。
He slowly ______ the ______ from the mouth of the fish.
3. 放走那条鱼真是件遗憾的事。
It was a ______ to let ______ of the fish.
4. 他把它放回漆黑的水中。
He ______ it into the black water.
5. 当没人看见时,你还会做正确的事吗?
Do we ______ ______ when no one is looking?
6. 他看起来很累。
He ______ very ______.
参考答案
一、单项选择
1. B【详解】indeed 意为“确实”,强调肯定的陈述。故选 B。
2. A【详解】remove 意为“去掉,移走”。故选 A。
3. A【详解】shame 意为“令人惋惜的事”。故选 A。
4. C【详解】lower 意为“把……放低”。故选 C。
5. C【详解】现在完成时用过去分词 caught。故选 C。
6. A【详解】fresh 作形容词作表语,不用副词。故选 A。
7. A【详解】感官系动词 look 后接形容词。故选 A。
8. A【详解】smell 作系动词,用一般现在时三单形式。故选 A。
9. A【详解】got 是 get 的过去式,表示变化。故选 A。
10. B【详解】keep 后接形容词作表语。故选 B。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. indeed(副词)
2. removed(过去式)
3. lowered(过去式)
4. shame(名词)
5. decision(名词)
6. fresh(形容词)
7. beautiful(形容词)
8. smells(三单形式)
三、完成句子
1. indeed(确实)
2. removed; hook(取出鱼钩)
3. shame; go(遗憾;放手)
4. lowered(放低)
5. do right(做正确的事)
6. looks; tired(看起来累)
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