Unit 5 A Fine Balance暑假预习语法、写作+考点练（讲义）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册外研版

Unit 5 A Fine Balance暑假预习语法、写作+考点练九年级上册新外研版 预习航标 模块 核心目标 预习重点 预习难点 语法​ 掌握关系代词引导的定语从句，能在环保主题语境中准确选用关系词 ① 先行词判断（人/物/不定代词）；② 关系词在从句中的成分（主语/宾语）；③ 特殊情况：先行词被最高级/序数词/不定代词修饰时只用that 区分that与which的用法；关系代词省略的规则 写作​ 能独立完成80-100词的动植物介绍/环保倡议短文，自然融入定语从句 按“引入→特征→价值→呼吁”逻辑谋篇；运用单元核心词汇（balance, ecosystem, endangered, protect, survive）；至少嵌入2个定语从句 避免内容空泛，用具体事实（如生长环境、保护现状）支撑观点 文化意识​ 理解“人与自然和谐共生”的内涵，感知中国生态保护成果（如麋鹿回归、红树林修复） 结合本土生态案例，树立环保意识 能用英语表达对生态保护的观点，避免“中式英语” 教材全解｜析教材·学新知 考点一：语法精讲（定语从句·环保主题适配版） 3步判断法（预习必记，自己就能做） 步骤 操作 示例（The mangrove forest that​ protects the coast is called "green guardian".） ① 找先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词/代词，紧跟在关系词前 先行词是the mangrove forest（物） ② 看属性 先行词指人/物/不定代词 先行词是“物” ③ 判成分 先行词在从句中做主语/宾语/定语 先行词在从句中做主语（protects的执行者） 核心关系代词用法表（Unit5高频考点） 关系代词 指代对象 从句成分 能否省略 环保主题例句 who/that 人 主语/宾语 作宾语可省 The rangers who​ patrol the nature reserve work day and night.（护林员日夜巡逻自然保护区） which/that 物/动物 主语/宾语 作宾语可省 The bamboo forest which​ provides food for pandas is shrinking.（为熊猫提供食物的竹林正在缩减） whose 人/物（表所属） 定语 不可省略 We must protect animals whose​ habitats are being destroyed.（我们要保护栖息地正遭破坏的动物） that 不定代词（all/much/nothing等） 主语/宾语 作宾语可省 All that​ we need to do is to reduce plastic use.（我们所要做的就是减少塑料使用） 必背特殊规则（中考高频失分点） 1. 只能用that的情况： • 先行词被最高级、序数词、the only/the very修饰： This is the most successful wildlife protection project that China has ever launched.（这是中国启动过的最成功的野生动物保护项目） • 先行词是不定代词（all, little, much, nothing等）： Is there anything that we can do to save the endangered birds?（我们能做些什么拯救这些濒危鸟类吗？） 2. 只能用which的情况： • 定语从句前有逗号（非限制性定语从句）： The Yangtze River, which is the longest river in China, is facing pollution problems.（长江是中国最长的河流，正面临污染问题） 3. 省略规则： • 关系代词作宾语时可省略：The panda (that/which) we saw yesterday is very cute.（我们昨天看到的那只熊猫很可爱） • 关系代词作主语时绝对不能省：The bird that sings beautifully is a nightingale.（唱歌好听的鸟是夜莺） • 介词提前时不能省：The wetland in which many birds live is being protected.（许多鸟类栖息的湿地正得到保护） 例题精析（预习自测） The only ecosystem ______ can clean both air and water is the forest. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 答案：B 解析：先行词被the only修饰，关系词只能用that，选B。which不能用于被the only修饰的先行词后，who指人，whose表所属，均不符合。 考点二：写作精讲（动植物介绍/环保倡议） 写作任务1：介绍一种感兴趣的动植物（单元核心写作要求） 写作框架（4段式，逻辑清晰） 段落 内容要点 定语从句运用示例 开头（引入）​ 点明动植物名称+核心地位 The dove tree, which is also called "Chinese pigeon tree", is a first-class protected plant in China.（珙桐，也叫“中国鸽子树”，是中国一级保护植物） 主体1（生长环境）​ 分布区域、生存条件 It mainly grows in the mountainous areas of Sichuan and Hubei, where the climate is wet and cool. 主体2（有趣事实）​ 外形特征、独特习性、生态价值 Its flowers look like white doves perching on branches, which is why it gets its nickname. 结尾（呼吁）​ 保护现状、发出倡议 We must protect this "living fossil", whose survival depends on our efforts. 高分句型储备 • 介绍特征：The dove tree, which blooms in April, has white bracts like dove wings.（珙桐四月开花，苞片洁白如鸽翼） • 说明价值：Wetlands, which are called "earth's kidneys", can purify polluted water.（湿地被称为“地球之肾”，能净化污水） • 发出呼吁：Let's protect the ecosystems that all living things depend on.（让我们保护所有生物赖以生存的生态系统） 原创范文（介绍珙桐） The Dove Tree: A Living Fossil The dove tree, which is known as "Chinese pigeon tree", is one of my favorite plants. It is a first-class national protected species and a "living fossil" in the plant world. The dove tree mainly grows in the cool, wet mountainous areas of Sichuan and Hubei provinces. It thrives in places where the soil is rich and undisturbed by human activities. What makes it special is its flower: when it blooms in April, the white bracts flutter like dozens of white doves perching on branches, which is why it gets its lovely nickname. Sadly, the dove tree is endangered due to deforestation. We must protect its habitat so that this beautiful "dove" can keep flying in our forests. It is a treasure that we should pass on to future generations. 写作任务2：环保倡议书（单元拓展写作） 写作框架 段落 内容要点 高分表达示例 开头​ 点明倡议主题+现状问题 The mangrove forest, which protects our coast from storms, is facing serious threats from pollution. 主体​ 2-3条具体可行的措施 First, we should reduce plastic use to prevent marine animals from eating trash. Second, we can join tree-planting activities to expand the wetland area. 结尾​ 呼吁参与+展望 Let's work together to keep the balance of nature. Small actions can make a big difference! 即练固基｜趁热打铁练一练（基础巩固，适合预习阶段） 一、用合适的关系词（who/whom/whose/which/that）填空 1. The rangers ______ patrol the nature reserve often stay up late to prevent poaching. 2. The bamboo ______ pandas mainly eat is becoming scarce due to climate change. 3. This is the most effective method ______ has been found to clean oil spills in the ocean. 4. We should protect animals ______ homes are being destroyed by human activities. 5. All ______ we can do now is to raise public awareness of wildlife protection. 6. The wetland, ______ is called "earth's kidney", purifies polluted water naturally. 7. The scientist ______ discovered a new plant species in Yunnan is only 28 years old. 8. The trash ______ we throw into the river harms fish and other aquatic animals. 9. Is there anything ______ we can do to save the endangered Chinese sturgeon? 10. The forest ______ cover has decreased by 10% in the past decade needs urgent protection. 二、单句合并（用定语从句把两个简单句合成一句） 1. I visited the wetland last week. It is home to over 200 bird species. → _________________________________________________________ 2. The officer is very responsible. He works in the nature reserve. → _________________________________________________________ 3. We planted many trees yesterday. They can absorb carbon dioxide from the air. → _________________________________________________________ 4. The dove tree is a "living fossil". Its flowers look like white doves. → _________________________________________________________ 5. We must reduce plastic use. It is a major threat to marine ecosystems. → _________________________________________________________ 三、微写作（3句话即可，用至少1个定语从句介绍一种你喜欢的植物/动物） 提示：可以说珙桐、中华秋沙鸭、红树林等，尽量用本单元词汇 过关检测｜练考点·强落实（能力提升，贴合中考题型） 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The elk (麋鹿), 1.______ is also called "milu deer", is a unique species 2.______ originated in China. Once, it was on the verge of extinction. In the early 20th century, there were only about 100 elk left in the world, most of 3.______ lived in foreign zoos. In 1985, China launched a program to reintroduce elk to their native habitat. The Dafeng Elk National Nature Reserve in Jiangsu, 4.______ the climate and wetland environment are suitable for elk, was chosen as the first reintroduction site. Rangers 5.______ work in the reserve have made great efforts to expand the wetland area and reduce human disturbance. Now, the number of elk in Dafeng has grown to over 7,000, making it the largest elk population in the world. This is a success story 6.______ shows that humans can repair the damage we have done to nature. The elk, 7.______ survival was once uncertain, now roam freely in the wetlands. 8.______ is amazing is that the reserve has also become home to over 300 bird species 9.______ migrate here every winter. We should remember that all living things are connected. Protecting the elk means protecting the entire ecosystem 10.______ supports us. 二、完形填空 The mangrove forest (红树林) is one of the most important ecosystems on Earth. It grows along tropical and subtropical coasts, 1.______ it acts as a "green barrier" against storms and tsunamis. Mangrove forests are home to thousands of species. Fish 2.______ lay their eggs among the roots, and birds 3.______ feed on these fish build nests in the branches. The roots of mangroves also trap sediment (沉积物), 4.______ keeps the water clean and prevents coastal erosion. However, mangrove forests are disappearing rapidly. In the past 50 years, we have lost over 30% of the world's mangroves, mostly due to shrimp farming and urban development. This not only destroys the habitats of wildlife but also makes coastal communities more vulnerable to natural disasters. In China, efforts to restore mangroves have achieved great success. In Shenzhen, the Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve has been expanded, and the number of migratory birds 5.______ visit each year has increased by 40%. Volunteers 6.______ join the restoration projects often plant young mangrove trees and clean up trash. Local governments have also made laws 7.______ forbid cutting down mangroves. These efforts show that we can reverse (扭转) the damage. The mangrove forest, 8.______ was once ignored, is now recognized as a vital part of the ecosystem. We must continue to protect it, not just for the animals 9.______ live there, but for ourselves. After all, a healthy planet is the only home 10.______ we have. 1. A. where B. which C. who D. whom 2. A. who B. that C. whose D. whom 3. A. who B. which C. where D. what 4. A. that B. who C. where D. what 5. A. who B. which C. where D. what 6. A. who B. which C. whose D. where 7. A. that B. who C. whose D. whom 8. A. that B. which C. where D. when 9. A. who B. which C. where D. when 10. A. that B. which C. where D. when 三、阅读理解 The Return of the Milu Deer The milu deer, or elk, is a unique species native to China. It has a strange appearance: a neck like a camel, antlers like a deer, hooves like a cow, and a tail like a donkey, which is why it is also called "sibuxiang" (four-unlike) in Chinese. For centuries, it was a symbol of good luck and was kept in royal hunting grounds. However, by the early 20th century, the milu deer had disappeared from China due to wars and habitat loss. The only remaining milu deer lived in Woburn Abbey in the UK, where the Duke of Bedford had collected 18 of them in 1900. In 1985, China began negotiations with the UK to reintroduce the milu deer. The first batch of 22 elk arrived in Beijing that year, and more followed in the next few years. The Dafeng Elk National Nature Reserve in Jiangsu Province, which has vast wetlands suitable for elk, was established as their main habitat. Today, the Dafeng reserve is home to over 7,000 milu deer, the largest population in the world. The species has been downgraded from "endangered" to "near threatened" on the IUCN Red List. This success is due to the hard work of rangers, scientists, and local communities who have protected the wetlands and reduced human disturbance. The return of the milu deer is a testament to China's commitment to ecological protection. It shows that with effort, we can restore balance to nature and save species from extinction. 1. Why is the milu deer called "sibuxiang" in Chinese? A. Because it is very rare. B. Because it has features of four different animals. C. Because it is a symbol of good luck. D. Because it disappeared from China for a long time. 2. Where were the only remaining milu deer in the early 20th century? A. In Beijing's royal hunting grounds. B. In Woburn Abbey in the UK. C. In Dafeng Nature Reserve. D. In the wetlands of Jiangsu. 3. When did the first batch of milu deer return to China? A. In 1900. B. In 1985. C. In the early 20th century. D. Today. 4. What is the main reason for the success of the milu deer reintroduction program? A. The Duke of Bedford's collection. B. The establishment of Dafeng Nature Reserve. C. The hard work of people protecting the wetlands. D. The reduction of human disturbance. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The milu deer is a unique species with a strange appearance. B. The milu deer disappeared from China due to wars and habitat loss. C. The return of the milu deer shows China's success in ecological protection. D. The Dafeng Elk National Nature Reserve is the largest in the world. 四、书面表达 假设你是李华，你校英语社团正在举办“守护蓝色海岸”主题活动，请你写一篇80-100词的倡议书，呼吁同学们保护红树林。 提示： 1. 红树林的重要性：抵御风暴、为鸟类提供栖息地、净化海水； 2. 面临的威胁：围垦养殖、垃圾污染、乱砍滥伐； 3. 我们可以做的行动：不随手扔垃圾、参加红树林种植活动、宣传保护知识。 参考词汇： mangrove forest 红树林，storm 风暴，habitat 栖息地，purify 净化 Dear fellow students, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Let's work together to protect our blue coast! Li Hua 参考答案及解析 即练固基 一、1. who/that 2. which/that 3. that 4. whose 5. that 6. which 7. who/that 8. which/that 9. that 10. whose 二、1. I visited the wetland last week, which is home to over 200 bird species. 2. The officer who/that works in the nature reserve is very responsible. 3. We planted many trees yesterday, which/that can absorb carbon dioxide from the air. 4. The dove tree, whose flowers look like white doves, is a "living fossil". 5. We must reduce plastic use, which is a major threat to marine ecosystems. 三、示例： My favorite plant is the mangrove tree, which grows along the coast. It can protect the shore from storms and provide a safe home for small fish. We should protect it to keep the balance of the ocean ecosystem. 过关检测 一、语法填空 1. which/that（先行词是elk，指物，在从句中做主语） 2. that（先行词是species，指物，在从句中做主语；先行词被序数词修饰，用that） 3. which（非限制性定语从句，指代elk，作of的宾语，用which） 4. where（先行词是reserve，指地点，在从句中做地点状语） 5. who/that（先行词是rangers，指人，在从句中做主语） 6. that（先行词被最高级largest修饰，用that） 7. whose（表所属，“麋鹿的生存”，用whose） 8. What（主语从句，指代“令人惊讶的事”） 9. that/which（先行词是birds，指物，在从句中做主语） 10. that（先行词被the only修饰，用that） 二、完形填空 1. A（先行词是coasts，指地点，在从句中做地点状语，用where） 2. B（先行词是Fish，指物，在从句中做主语，用that） 3. A（先行词是birds，指人/动物，在从句中做主语，用who） 4. A（先行词是sediment，指物，在从句中做主语，用that） 5. B（先行词是birds，指物，在从句中做主语，用which） 6. A（先行词是volunteers，指人，在从句中做主语，用who） 7. A（先行词是laws，指物，在从句中做主语，用that） 8. B（非限制性定语从句，指代mangrove forest，用which） 9. A（先行词是animals，指人/动物，在从句中做主语，用who） 10. A（先行词被the only修饰，用that） 三、阅读理解 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 四、书面表达（参考范文） Dear fellow students, I'm writing to call on everyone to protect mangrove forests, the "green guardians" of our coast. Mangroves can not only resist destructive storms but also provide a safe habitat for thousands of birds. What's more, they purify seawater naturally, keeping our ocean healthy. Sadly, mangroves are now facing serious threats: some are cut down for shrimp farms, and others are polluted by trash. To protect them, we can start with small actions: never litter on the beach, join mangrove tree-planting activities, and tell others about their importance. Let's work together to protect our blue coast! Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $