内容正文:
03 难词推断术:通过逻辑关系(转折、因果)推断难词
学习目标
学完本讲,你将能够:
序号
目标
对应能力
1
识别听力中的五类“隐形难词”(同义转换/态度语气/抽象概括/熟词生义/场景高频),知道每类的应对策略
解决“每个词都认识,但就是听不懂”
2
捕捉转折信号词(but/actually/however),快速锁定说话人真实意图
解决“态度题总选反”
3
捕捉因果信号词(because/so/therefore),理清事件逻辑链
解决“因果关系听颠倒”
4
识别专有名词(人名/地名/机构名),将其作为“场景背景音”处理,不被其干扰
解决“听到陌生名字就卡住”
5
综合运用逻辑推断+同义转换识别,准确匹配原文与选项
解决“听懂原文但选不对”
本讲高考考频统计(2018-2026年) :
转折关系:每年必考,平均每套试卷出现 3-5 处,态度题/观点题的核心依据
因果关系:每年必考,平均每套试卷出现 2-4 处,细节理解题的关键线索
同义转换:每年必考,平均每套试卷出现 2-3 处,题干选项设计的基础逻辑
熟词生义:近5年频次上升,2025-2026年尤其突出,是近年区分度最高的题型。
概况
一、本讲核心认知
高考听力不考超纲生词,真正的障碍在于“隐形难词”——你认识的词在语境里有另一层含义,或者题干用另一个词替换了原文的表达。
所谓“难词推断”,并不是去猜一个完全不认识的词的意思,而是:
·听到 address,知道它在这里可能是“解决”而不是“地址”
·听到 available,知道它在题干中可能被替换为 free 或 not occupied
·听到 but,知道后面的内容才是说话人的真实态度
·听到 because,知道前后是因果关系,要理清谁因谁果
二、听力“隐形难词”五大分类
基于2016-2026年高考真题听力词汇的统计,听力中的“难”体现在以下五类:
类型
一句话定义
占比
典型真题词汇
应对策略
同义转换
题干/选项用另一个词替换原文
30%
available→free,cut down→reduce
听动词/形容词,选项找同义近义
态度语气
决定说话人情感倾向的关键词
25%
actually、unfortunately、stupid
关注副词和but后内容
抽象概括
决定对话核心逻辑的笼统词
20%
limit、balance、permission
标记“核心词”,联系全文逻辑
熟词生义
认识的词在语境中有另一含义
15%
texts、address、foot、project
结合语境推理,不套固定词义
场景高频
特定场景反复出现的功能词
10%
departure、deadline、refund
考前分场景记忆,快速反应
三、专有名词——高考听力的“场景背景音”
专有名词(人名、地名、机构名、作品名)在听力中不是考点,而是“场景背景音”。处理专有名词的三个原则:
原则
怎么操作
真题例子
跳过
听到陌生的人名/地名,直接当“某人/某地”处理,不纠结
Babylonia → “某个古代地方”
听类别
听出是“一位学者”“一家公司”“一所学校”就够了
Dr. Evans → “一位博士/专家”
确认不是考点
如果题目问的是具体名字,才需要精确捕捉
Steve/Laura/Sarah 对应奖品时才需辨音
考场口诀:专有名词不纠结,听出类别就过关。人名地名跳过它,后面的信息才关键。
4、 解题三步走
步骤
做什么
目的
听前
预览选项,预判可能出现的同义转换、态度词
带着目标去听
听中
捕捉信号词(but/because/actually),标记逻辑关系
锁定答案区间
听后
匹配原文与选项的同义表达,排除干扰项
精准选答案
基础积累
📌 一、转折信号词(态度题的“生命线”)
规律:转折词后面的内容,往往和前面的内容相反或出乎意料。说话人的真实态度、真正意图,通常在转折之后。
信号词
功能
真题出处
but
最常见转折,后面是重点
几乎每篇对话必考
actually
纠正之前的说法,引出真相
2026 年新课标 I 卷 Text 9
M: Dr. Evans, you just said that these ancient texts are actually the recipes from ancient Babylonia. Can you tell us more?
however
正式转折,前后对比
2021 年新高考卷 I&II Text 10(答案考点)
However, most people don’t regard pronunciation as a very important part of communication skills. They’re more focused on vocabulary.
although/though
让步转折,后面是重点
2024 年新课标 I 卷 Text 7(答案考点)
W: Jeff is doing well with his new job. Tom has made many new friends here and has a lot to do. Fiona is fine, though she misses her grandma.
unfortunately
引出负面信息
2026 年 1 月浙江、贵州卷Text 10
He feels that the music in London clubs has formed him, but unfortunately it has been seriously undervalued by the academic world.
instead
替代关系,不是A而是B
2026 年新课标 I 卷 Text 10 (答案考点)
If you finish early, do not start a new experiment. Instead, clean your workspace thoroughly.
🎯真题示例1(2026年新课标I卷 Text 10)
考题:20. What should the students do if they finish early?
A. Analyze the data.
B. Clean their workspace.
C. Start a new experiment.
📌 二、因果信号词(逻辑链的“连接线”)
规律:因果词前后,一个表示“原因”,一个表示“结果”。认识一个就能推另一个。
信号词
功能
真题出处
because / because of
后面是原因
2024 全国甲卷 Text 8 (答案考点)
W: I know. It’s just that this time, this time we made the group differently. And, because you were late, we’ve already made the group. See? (12)There are four of us already.
so / therefore
后面是结果
2026 年新课标 I 卷 Text 9 (答案考点)
But people didn’t believe her until French author, Jean Bottéro, in the 1980s was asked to write an article about cooking in the past. He had heard about the texts, so he went to Yale University, and found out that they were indeed about food.
since / as
后面是已知原因
2025 年新课标 II 卷 Text 7 (答案考点)
M: Well, (8)since I bought a smartphone for Jillian last summer, it seems the phone has become an extension of her arm, and it has made it impossible for her to concentrate.
that's why
后面是结果
2023 年 1 月山东卷(第一次) Text 9 (答案考点)
Sure. I was promoted to the position of manager a few months ago. And I have to manage a staff of 12 people. It can be quite a difficult situation sometimes. That’s why I am here today.
due to / owing to
后面是原因(较正式)
2024 年 1 月山东卷听力(第一次)Text 10 (答案考点)
All traffic into Sydney remains very heavy. Pittwater Road is closed due to a car crash.
🎯 真题示例2(2026 年新课标 I 卷 Text 9 )
16. What do we know about the French author Jean Bottero?
A. He proved Mary Hussey right.
B. He taught history at Yale University.
C. He was the first to translate the texts.
📌 三、五类“隐形难词”详解
基于2018-2026年高考真题的词汇统计,以下五类词是听力中真正的障碍。
类型一:同义转换词(占比约30%)
定义:原文用一个词,题干/选项用另一个同义词替换。这是“听力阅读化”趋势的核心体现。
题干/选项关键词
原文关键词
同义转换说明
真题出处
fill out a form
put down your information
“填写信息”→“填表”
2025 I卷 T1
free / not occupied
available
“有空的”→“空闲的”
2026 I卷 T5
reduced in number
cut down on
“削减”→“数量减少”
2025 I卷 T8
finish school
let out / dismissed
“放学”→“结束学校生活”
2025 I卷 T6
move up / advance
promote
“升职”→“晋升”
2025 II卷 T9
calling on / visiting
looking in on
“照看/看望”→“拜访”
2024 I卷 T7
give it more thought
think twice
“三思”→“再多考虑”
2026 II卷 T8
expensive for her
can't afford
“买不起”→“对她来说太贵”
2025 II卷 T3
retirement of an employee
honor a staff member retiring
“向退休员工致敬”→“员工退休”
2026 I卷 T9
supportive
in favor of
“赞成”→“支持的”
2025 II卷 T7
face / handle
address
“处理”→“解决”
2025 I卷 T10
postpone a meeting
can't arrive before noon, meet this afternoon
“推迟会议”→“中午到不了,改下午”
2026 I卷 T5
short-term project
three-month project
“短期项目”→“三个月项目”
2026 I卷 T7
profitable business
attractive new business model
“盈利”→“有吸引力的商业模式”
2026 I卷 T8
less stressful life
relaxing, manageable, constant pressure
“压力更小”→“放松的/可管理的/持续压力”
2026 I卷 T6
slow progress
haven't touched the water, same exercises every day
“进展慢”→“还没下水/每天同样的练习”
2026 II卷 T2
help them gain confidence
helped children to build confidence
“帮助建立自信”→“帮助孩子建立自信”
2022新高考 T8
unplanned happenings
things that come up unexpectedly
“突发情况”→“意外发生的事情”
2023甲卷 T8
life-changing experience
turning point of my life
“改变人生的经历”→“人生转折点”
2023甲卷 T10
catch up with his study
couldn't find a minute for my paper
“赶上学习”→“找不到一分钟写论文”
2022甲卷 T9
考场口诀:
“原文选项对一对,同义转换要匹配。
听到动词别死记,换种说法还是它。
具体描述抽象化,抓住核心意思不偏差。”
🎯 真题示例3(2025年新课标I卷 Text 1)
1. What will the man do next?
A. Unpack his suitcase.
B. Board a flight.
C. Fill out a form.
解题关键——本讲技能综合运用
技能
在本解题中的应用
同义转换识别
put down your information in this form → Fill out a form。这是典型的动作同义转换——put down(写下)= fill out(填写)
动词方向判断
arrived on the flight(到达)≠ Board a flight(登机)。B选项把方向完全搞反了,这是听力题最常用的干扰方式
逻辑推断
my suitcase is missing → 行李箱在丢,不可能Unpack。利用常识判断
类型二:态度/语气词(占比约25%)
定义:决定说话人情感倾向的关键词。本身不难,但听漏了会导致态度题选反。
情感类型
常见态度词
真题来源(仅态度题)
题干原文
赞同/支持
I'm all in favor
2025 新课标 II 卷 Q9
What is Sam's attitude towards the school policies?
赞同/支持
supportive
2020 全国卷 I Q9
What is Mark's attitude towards Cathy's decision?
赞同/支持
exactly
2023 全国甲 Q17
What is the goal of the school program?(回答"exactly"表示完全赞同)
反对/否定
I really don't think so
2025 新课标 I 卷 Q13
What does the woman expect TV programs to be?
反对/否定
no way
2024 新课标 II 卷 Q9
题干无明确态度题,原文表坚决否定
惊讶/难以置信
incredible
2023 新高考 Q8
题干无明确态度题,原文表惊讶
焦虑/紧张/担心
heart was racing
2026 新课标 II 卷 Q9
How did Alex feel before climbing?
焦虑/紧张/担心
worried, nervous, anxious
2021 全国卷甲 Q11
How does Nancy look to Daniel?
焦虑/紧张/担心
scared
2024 全国卷甲 Q6
What does the girl tell her dad?
抱怨/不满
annoyed
2022 全国卷甲 Q4
How does the woman sound?
失望/惋惜
what a pity
2024 新课标 I 卷 Q3
What will the speakers do today?("what a pity"表情感)
失望/惋惜
a bit disappointed
2017 全国卷 I Q1
原文"but I was a bit disappointed"
感激/感谢
grateful
2018 全国卷 I Q19
How does the speaker feel about his teacher?
感激/感谢
I appreciate
2025 新课标 II 卷 Q9
题干无明确态度题,原文表感激
鼓励/安慰
don't worry
无直接态度题
常用于安慰语境,但未见态度题直接对应
鼓励/安慰
don't be too discouraged
2024 新课标 I 卷 Q17
What is Marie's advice to those interested in kitchen gardening?
不确定/推测
it depends
2023 新高考 Q1
What will Jack probably do this weekend?
不确定/推测
I suppose
2017 全国卷 I Q9
原文"that's the way it is normally, I suppose"
肯定/赞成
great, excellent, wonderful, fantastic
2019 全国卷 II Q2
How does the woman feel now?(回答"Exciting...but tired")
肯定/赞成
brilliant
2025 新课标 I 卷 Q4
What does the woman think of the ski area?
后悔/懊恼
oh no, I wish I didn't
2025 新课标 II 卷 Q5
What does Linda suggest?(原文"I wish I didn't touch it"表后悔)
🎯 真题示例4(2026 年新课标 II 卷 Text 7)
9.How did Alex feel before climbing?
A. Deeply regretful.
B. Quite embarrassed.
C. Fairly nervous.
类型三:抽象/概括词(占比约20%)
定义:用一个笼统的词概括具体事物,决定对话核心逻辑。学生可能认识这个词,但在语流中反应不过来它的作用。
词
在原文中的作用
典型真题
为什么重要
limit
超速题的核心矛盾,决定是否违规
2025 I卷 Text 6:speed limit is 15, you were going 35
听不懂limit,就无法判断“超速”
balance
解释选择/建议的原因,说明权衡关系
2024 II卷 Text 6:find a balance between work and play;2022全国甲 Text 9:balance study and work
决定了“为什么做某事”或“为什么给某建议”的答案
pressure
说明城市生活感受,对比不同地点
2026 I卷 Text 6:constant pressure in London vs. relaxing in Copenhagen
主旨题/对比题关键词
permission
需要家长/老师同意才能做某事
2025 II卷 Text 10:Permission of parents required;2022新高考 Text 6:ask for permission
夏令营/学校活动场景核心条款
challenges
描述困难、障碍或未来任务
2025 II卷 Text 7:more challenges ahead;2023全国甲 Text 10:challenges facing musicians
推断题关键词,预示后续动作
deadline
说明时间紧迫,解释行为动机
2022全国甲 Text 2:meet the project deadline;2023新高考 Text 9:pressure to meet deadlines
解释“为什么赶工/为什么焦虑”
concentrate
描述注意力/专注力问题
2023全国甲 Text 8:concentrate so much that...;2025 II卷 Text 7:impossible for her to concentrate
人物特点题/问题原因题关键词
manageable
评价城市/任务的可控性
2026 I卷 Text 6:relaxing and manageable;2025 I卷 Text 4:can't manage any more(变体)
对比题/评价题关键词
flexible
说明工作/安排的优点
2023全国甲 Text 8:flexible working hours;2022新高考 Text 8
解释“为什么选这个工作/方案”
demanding
描述任务/运动的强度
2024 II卷 Text 6:weightlifting was so demanding;2025 II卷 Text 8:do something less demanding
解释“为什么放弃/为什么改变计划”
promote
说明职位变动
2025 I卷 Text 9:no hope of being promoted;2024 II卷 Text 10:Susan had been promoted
职业类话题核心动词
retirement / retire
说明活动目的/人物状态
2026 I卷 Text 7:staff member retiring;2021全国甲 Text 9:retirement home
场景题/目的题关键词
类型四:熟词生义(占比约15%)
定义:学生认识的词在特定语境中有另一个含义。这是高考听力近年来最“刁钻”的考法,也是区分度最高的题型之一。
单词
常见义
原文生义
原文出处
为什么重要
manage
管理
能吃完/应付得了
2026 I卷 Text 2:I can't manage any more
不是"管理",而是"吃不下更多了"
signature
签名
招牌的
2026 I卷 Text 2:chef's signature dish
不是"签名菜",是"招牌菜"
run
跑
经营
2019 I卷 Text 6:run his business
不是"跑步",是"经营生意"
flat
平的/公寓
平坦的
2025 I卷 Text 10:very flat and close to the waterline
不是"公寓",是"地势平坦"
field
田野
实地/领域
2025 II卷 Text 10:field trip
不是"田野旅行",是"实地考察/校外郊游"
fix
修理
修理
2025 II卷 Text 5:have it fixed
核心义,但注意被动用法
order
命令/顺序
订单/点餐
2025 II卷 Text 3:place the order;2017 I卷 Text 7:ordering
不是"命令",是"下单/点菜"
dismiss
解雇
放学
2025 I卷 Text 6:Students aren't dismissed until 3:30
不是"解雇",是"放学/让...离开"
party
派对
一行人/一群人
2024 II卷 Text 7:How many people are there in your party?
不是"派对",是"同行的一群人"
address
地址
称呼/解决
2024 II卷 Text 10:addressed her by name
不是"地址",是"称呼"
culture
文化
公司文化
2023全国甲 Text 8:company culture
常见义,但在职场语境中特指"公司文化"
quality
质量
品质/质量
2023全国甲 Text 8:focus on the quality of work
核心义,但注意与quantity对比
quantity
数量
数量
2023全国甲 Text 8:more than the quantity
与quality对比,考查"质"与"量"的区分
article
文章
文章
2023新高考 Text 10:articles
核心义,注意与essay区分
issue
问题
一期(杂志)
2023新高考 Text 10:every issue
不是"问题",是"杂志的一期"
save
拯救/节省
节省
2023新高考 Text 7:save at least twenty minutes
"节省时间",常见但易与"拯救"混淆
company
公司
陪伴
2022全国甲 Text 9:company
也可指"陪伴",如keep sb company
firm
坚固的
公司
2020 I卷 Text 7:engineering firm
不是"坚固的",是"公司/事务所"
interest
兴趣
兴趣
2024 II卷 Text 6:hold your interest
核心义,但注意"保持兴趣"的表达
fit
合身/健康
健康的/适合
2024 II卷 Text 6:get fit
不是"合身",是"健身/保持健康"
branch
树枝
分公司
2026 I卷 Q9(选项:opening of a branch office)
不是"树枝",是"分公司"
case
箱子/案例
案件/案例
2023新高考 Text 6:new case
不是"箱子",是"案件"或"案例"
figure
数字/身材
想出/计算
2024 II卷 Text 6
"figure out"=弄明白
drive
驾驶
驱动/动力
2026 I卷 Text 4:long drive;Text 7
也可指"驱动力",但原文主要为"驾驶"
course
课程
一道菜
2017 II卷 Text 8:course
不是"课程",是"一道菜"(课程的一门)
still
仍然
静止的/然而
2016 I卷 Text 6
"still"可作副词表"仍然",也可作形容词表"静止的"
note
笔记
注意/记录
2024 II卷 Text 10:write a lot of notes
作动词"记录",也可指"纸币"
present
现在的/礼物
展示/呈现
2018 I卷 Text 1:give a presentation
"presentation"=展示/演示
post
邮寄
职位/岗位
2016 II卷 Text 9:post
不是"邮寄",是"职位"(较正式)
express
表达
快递
2020 I卷 Text 6
"express"可作形容词表"快速的",如express train
coach
长途汽车
教练
2021全国甲 Text 8:baseball coach
不是"长途汽车",是"教练"
network
网络
人际关系网
2022新高考 Text 9
职场语境中常指"人脉"
department
部门
系/部门
2026 II卷 Text 5:IT department
可指"系"(大学)或"部门"(公司)
professor
教授
教授
2017 I卷 Text 8
核心义,大学教师
fine
好的/罚款
好的
2026 II卷 Text 2:It'll be fine
口语中表"好的",也可作名词"罚款"
mean
意思是/刻薄的
意思是
2017 I卷 Text 9:I mean
口语中"I mean"=我的意思是
cover
覆盖
涵盖/包含
2019 I卷 Text 8
不是"覆盖",是"涵盖/报道"
account
账户
描述/说明
2021全国甲 Text 5
"on account of"=因为
charge
收费/充电
收费
2024 I卷 Text 4
核心义,注意与"充电"区分
leave
离开
休假
2020 I卷 Text 4
也可指"休假"(如sick leave)
present
现在的/礼物
现在
2018 I卷 Text 1
"at present"=现在
return
返回
归还
2024 II卷 Text 9:return these books
不是"返回",是"归还"
book
书
预订
2026 I卷 Text 7:book a dinner;2024 II卷 Text 7:book a table
不是"书",是"预订"
save
拯救
节省
2023新高考 Text 7:save twenty minutes
节约/节省时间
serve
服务
提供(食物)
2017 I卷 Text 7:served with beans
不是"服务",是"(餐馆)上菜"
share
分享
股份/份额
2026 I卷 Text 8:shared their profits
也可作名词"股份"
offer
提供
出价/录取通知
2025 II卷 Text 9:offered me the position
也可指"录取通知"或"报价"
position
位置
职位
2025 II卷 Text 9:position of sales manager
不是"位置",是"职位"
practice
练习
实践/诊所
2026 I卷 Text 10:practice
也可指"诊所"或"惯例"
bend
弯曲
弯腰
极少出现
注意发音和含义
miss
错过
想念/错过
2024 II卷 Text 1:I missed it;2025 I卷 Text 1
既可指"想念",也可指"错过"
top
顶部
首席的/最高的
2024 II卷 Text 10:top guy
不是"顶部",是"最高层的"
chair
椅子
主持
2023新高考 Text 8
"chair a meeting"=主持会议
board
木板
登机/董事会
2025 I卷 Text 1:board a flight
"board"作动词=登机/上车
ground
地面
理由/基础
2022新高考 Text 9
"on the grounds of"=基于...理由
smart
聪明的
智能的
2024 II卷 Text 8
"smartphone"=智能手机
light
光/轻的
轻的
2024全国甲 Text 4:lightweight
不是"光",是"轻的"
press
按/压
压力
2026 I卷 Text 6:pressure
"pressure"名词=压力
store
商店
储存
2024 I卷 Text 7
动词"储存"
waste
浪费
废物
2017 II卷 Text 10:waste containers
名词"废物/垃圾"
container
容器
集装箱/容器
2026 I卷 Text 10;2017 II卷 Text 10
核心义,注意听力中的发音
safe
安全的
保险箱
2016 I卷 Text 5
名词"保险箱"
watch
观看
手表
2025 II卷 Text 5:sports watch
核心义是"观看",但也可作名词"手表"
ring
戒指/响铃
打电话
2025 II卷 Text 8
"give sb a ring"=给某人打电话
tap
轻敲
水龙头
极少出现
注意含义
bill
账单
账单/法案
2025 II卷 Text 2:bring us the bill
核心义是"账单",也指"法案"
rock
岩石
摇滚
2024 II卷 Text 9:rock and roll
"rock and roll"=摇滚乐
🎯 真题示例5(2025年新课标I卷 Text 10)
20. What does the success of the project indicate?
A. Art can make a difference.
B. The homeowners are creative.
C. Climate change is controllable.
类型五:场景高频词(占比约10%)
定义:特定场景反复出现的功能词。学生可能认识,但反应速度不够快,导致错过后续信息。
1.机场/交通场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
flight
n.
航班
2025 I卷 Text 1;2024 I卷 Text 1;2024 II卷 Text 6;2022新高考 Text 2
airport
n.
机场
2025 I卷 Text 5;2024 I卷 Text 5;2022新高考 Text 2
platform
n.
站台
2024 I卷 Text 5(Platform 11)
departure
n.
出发/起飞
2026 II卷 Text 6(departures for the 18th);2024 II卷 Text 6
delay
n./v.
延误
2020 II卷 Text 4(thirty-minute delay)
ticket
n.
票/机票
2026 II卷 Text 6(booked a ticket);2024 I卷 Text 5;2024 II卷 Text 1
earlier flight
n.短语
更早的航班
2026 II卷 Text 6
check-in
n.
值机/入住
2016 I卷 Text 8(check-in date)
check-out
n.
退房
2016 I卷 Text 8(check-out date)
boarding pass
n.短语
登机牌
2015 年 3 月 PETS-2
land
v.
降落
2020 II卷 Text 4(flight gets in)
2.餐饮/用餐场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
menu
n.
菜单
2026 I卷 Text 7(detailed menu);2016 I卷 Text 4
bill
n.
账单
2025 II卷 Text 2(bring us the bill);2023新高考 Text 4
order
v./n.
点餐/订单
2025 II卷 Text 3(place the order);2017 I卷 Text 7
reservation
n.
预订
2022全国甲 Text 5(reservation in the name of Mr. Jones)
signature dish
n.短语
招牌菜
2026 I卷 Text 2(chef's signature dish)
roast
adj./v.
烤的/烤
2026 I卷 Text 2(roast beef);2017 I卷 Text 7(roast chicken)
steak
n.
牛排
2025 I卷 Text 7(steakhouse);2017 I卷 Text 7(beef steak)
dessert
n.
甜点
2025 II卷 Text 2;2021全国甲 Text 7
refreshment
n.
点心/茶点
2024 II卷 Text 2(a little refreshment)
wine list
n.短语
酒水单
2016 I卷 Text 4
beef
n.
牛肉
2026 I卷 Text 2
pounds
n.
英镑(价格)
2026 I卷 Text 7(thirty pounds per person)
dollars
n.
美元(价格)
2023新高考 Text 4;2024 II卷 Text 6;2022新高考 Text 7
euros
n.
欧元(价格)
2020 II卷 Text 8(650 euros)
budget
n.
预算
2026 I卷 Text 7(specific budget)
3. 酒店/住宿场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
book
v.
预订
2026 I卷 Text 7(book a dinner);2024 II卷 Text 7(book a table)
reservation
n.
预订
2016 I卷 Text 8(existing reservation);2022全国甲 Text 5
check-in
n.
入住
2016 I卷 Text 8(check-in date)
check-out
n.
退房
2016 I卷 Text 8(check-out date)
room rate
n.短语
房费
2016 I卷 Text 8(change in the room rate)
courtyard room
n.短语
庭院房
2016 I卷 Text 8(instead of a courtyard room)
upper floor
n.短语
较高楼层
2016 I卷 Text 8(preferably on an upper floor)
hotel gym
n.短语
酒店健身房
2022新高考 Text 5
room key
n.短语
房间钥匙
2022新高考 Text 5(take your room key)
extra
adj.
额外的(费用)
2022新高考 Text 5(pay extra)
venue
n.
场地
2024 II卷 Text 10(chose a five star hotel as the venue)
4. 工作/职场场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
position
n.
职位
2025 II卷 Text 9(position of sales manager);2023全国甲 Text 8(accountant position)
interview
n./v.
面试
2025 II卷 Text 9(had an interview);2018 II卷 Text 5
promote / promotion
v./n.
晋升
2025 I卷 Text 9(no hope of being promoted);2024 II卷 Text 10(had been promoted)
salary
n.
薪资
2025 II卷 Text 9(present salary);2019 II卷 Text 9(starting salary)
manager
n.
经理
2025 II卷 Text 9(sales manager);2024 II卷 Text 10(hotel manager)
department
n.
部门
2026 II卷 Text 5(IT department);2022全国甲 Text 7(department by department)
staff
n.
员工
2026 I卷 Text 7(staff member);2017 I卷 Text 8(senior staff)
colleague
n.
同事
2016 II卷 Text 9(old colleague);2023全国甲 Text 4(former designer)
client
n.
客户
2026 I卷 Q1选项(business client)
deadline
n.
截止日期
2022全国甲 Text 2(project deadline);2023新高考 Text 9(meet deadlines)
project
n.
项目
2026 I卷 Text 6(three-month project);2022全国甲 Text 2
firm
n.
公司
2020 I卷 Text 7(engineering firm);2022新高考 Text 9
company culture
n.短语
公司文化
2023全国甲 Text 8(value progress and focus on quality)
flexible working hours
n.短语
弹性工作时间
2023全国甲 Text 8
human resources
n.短语
人力资源
2025 II卷 Text 9(human resources director)
resign / quit
v.
辞职
2020 I卷 Text 7(leave the company);2022新高考 Text 9
retire / retirement
n./v.
退休
2026 I卷 Text 7(retiring next month);2021全国甲 Text 9(retirement home)
5. 学校/教育场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
presentation
n.
展示/演示
2024全国甲 Text 2(class presentation);2024 II卷 Text 8(presentation)
assignment
n.
作业
未直接出现
deadline
n.
截止日期
2023新高考 Text 9(meet deadlines)
professor
n.
教授
2017 I卷 Text 8;2018 I卷 Text 5
course
n.
课程
2017 II卷 Text 8(course);2016 I卷 Text 7(classes)
term paper
n.短语
学期论文
2022全国甲 Text 9(term paper)
lab / laboratory
n.
实验室
2026 I卷 Text 10(lab rules);2017 II卷 Text 10(lab session)
experiment
n.
实验
2026 I卷 Text 10;2017 II卷 Text 10(experiments)
graduate / graduation
v./n.
毕业
2025 I卷 Text 2(after graduation);2024 I卷 Text 10(graduating in 1981)
master's degree
n.短语
硕士学位
2025 I卷 Text 2(do my master's);2016 II卷 Text 8(master's degree)
psychology
n.
心理学
2025 II卷 Text 4(Department of Psychology)
biology
n.
生物学
2025 II卷 Text 4(I study biology)
chemistry
n.
化学
2023全国甲 Text 9(physics and chemistry);2018 II卷 Text 6(chemistry homework)
physics
n.
物理
2023全国甲 Text 9
research
n./v.
研究
2025 II卷 Text 3(research);2017 II卷 Text 7(research work)
scholarship
n.
奖学金
2018 II卷 Text 10(graduated on scholarship)
tuition
n.
学费
未直接出现
kindergarten
n.
幼儿园
2018 II卷 Text 9(kindergarten)
6. 健康/医疗场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
appointment
n.
预约
2019 II卷 Text 8(make an appointment);2016 II卷 Text 1
doctor
n.
医生
2026 I卷 Text 5(see my doctor);2024 II卷 Text 4(take her to see a doctor)
clinic
n.
诊所
2021全国甲 Text 5(at a clinic);2024 II卷 Text 6(in a clinic)
dizzy
adj.
头晕的
2021全国甲 Text 5(been very dizzy)
chest pain
n.短语
胸痛
2021全国甲 Text 5(chest pain)
diet
n.
饮食
2021全国甲 Text 7(strict diet)
injury
n.
受伤
2024 II卷 Text 6(afraid of getting injured);2022全国甲 Text 10(got an injury)
exercise
n./v.
锻炼
2024 II卷 Text 6(do different kinds of exercise);2019 I卷 Text 9
weightlifting
n.
举重
2024 II卷 Text 6;2023新高考 Text 9
jogging
n.
慢跑
2024 II卷 Text 6
get fit
v.短语
健身
2024 II卷 Text 6(I want to get fit)
safety glasses
n.短语
安全眼镜
2026 I卷 Text 10(safety glasses must be worn)
chemicals
n.
化学制品
2026 I卷 Text 10(never mix chemicals)
acid
n.
酸
2026 I卷 Text 10(strong acid)
burns
n./v.
烧伤
2026 I卷 Text 10(cause serious burns)
7. 购物/消费场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
size
n.
尺码
2021全国甲 Text 2(size twelve);2024全国甲 Text 3(size should be 75cm)
price
n.
价格
2024全国甲 Text 3(difference in the price)
discount
n.
折扣
2019 II卷 Text 3(20% discount)
membership card
n.短语
会员卡
2019 II卷 Text 3(membership card)
receipt
n.
收据
2024 I卷 Q4选项(ask for a receipt)
deliver / delivery
v./n.
送货
2024 I卷 Text 4(delivered to my house)
order
n./v.
订单/订购
2025 II卷 Text 3(place the order);2024 I卷 Q4(cancel an order)
return
v.
退货/归还
2024 II卷 Text 9(return these books)
second-hand
adj.
二手的
2023新高考 Text 8(second-hand bookstore)
yard sale
n.短语
庭院旧货出售
2023新高考 Text 8
8. 休闲/娱乐场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
concert
n.
音乐会
2024 II卷 Text 9;2019 I卷 Text 5
theatre / theater
n.
剧院
2026 I卷 Text 3;2025 II卷 Text 6(National Theatre)
museum
n.
博物馆
2026 I卷 Text 3;2025 II卷 Text 10(Natural Museum)
exhibition
n.
展览
2016 II卷 Text 8(over one hundred exhibitions)
festival
n.
节日/音乐节
2023全国甲 Text 10(world music festival)
gym
n.
健身房
2022新高考 Text 5(hotel gym);2019 I卷 Text 2(join the gym)
stadium
n.
体育场
2022全国甲 Text 10(Botswana National Stadium)
Olympics
n.
奥运会
2022全国甲 Text 10(2016 Olympics)
rock climbing
n.短语
攀岩
2025 II卷 Text 8;2026 II卷 Text 7
horseback riding
n.短语
骑马
2025 II卷 Text 8
boating
n.
划船
2025 II卷 Text 8;2016 I卷 Text 9
camp / camping
n./v.
露营
2023新高考 Text 1(go camping);2016 I卷 Text 9
barbecue
n.
烧烤
2016 II卷 Text 7(have a barbecue)
picnic
n.
野餐
2026 II卷 Text 1;2025 II卷 Text 10
field trip
n.短语
实地考察/郊游
2025 II卷 Text 10(go on a field trip)
9. 住宿/租房场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
apartment
n.
公寓
2020 I卷 Text 9(new apartment);2018 I卷 Text 9
flat
n.
公寓
2023全国甲 Text 6(last flat)
rent
n./v.
租金/租用
2020 I卷 Text 9(pay in rent);2018 I卷 Text 9(for rent)
roommate
n.
室友
2020 I卷 Text 9(have a roommate);2017 II卷 Text 8(roommate)
cupboard
n.
碗柜/储物柜
2023全国甲 Text 6(cupboard space);2018 I卷 Text 9(cupboards)
kitchen
n.
厨房
2023全国甲 Text 6;2020 I卷 Text 9
living room
n.短语
客厅
2020 I卷 Text 9(living room)
bedroom
n.
卧室
2023全国甲 Text 6;2020 I卷 Text 9
bathroom
n.
浴室
2018 I卷 Text 9(see the bathroom)
furnished
adj.
配有家具的
未直接出现
neighborhood
n.
社区/附近
2025 I卷 Text 9;2023全国甲 Text 6(good neighborhood)
downtown
n./adj.
市中心
2026 II卷 Text 1(go downtown);2018 I卷 Text 9(a few blocks downtown)
suburbs
n.
郊区
2025 I卷 Text 3(look in the suburbs)
10. 电话/通讯场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
message
n.
留言/消息
2022全国甲 Text 7(customer inquiries)
leave a message
v.短语
留言
2020 II卷 Text 7(leave a message)
call / phone call
n./v.
电话
2025 II卷 Text 6(make the call);2024 II卷 Text 8
email
n./v.
邮件
2026 I卷 Text 7(email it to...);2016 II卷 Text 7(received an email)
Internet
n.
互联网
2017 I卷 Text 5(on the Internet);2016 I卷 Text 10
connection
n.
连接/网络
2023全国甲 Text 7(Internet or telephone connection)
available
adj.
可用的/有空的
2026 I卷 Text 5;2026 II卷 Text 6
11. 旅行/度假场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
vacation
n.
假期
2025 II卷 Text 8(this vacation);2024 I卷 Text 1
trip
n.
旅行
2025 II卷 Text 10(field trip);2017 II卷 Text 9(planning a trip)
tour
n.
游览
2021全国甲 Text 4(half-day tour);2026 II卷 Text 10(guided tour)
guide
n.
导游
2018 I卷 Text 7(I am your guide)
scenery / view
n.
风景
2018 I卷 Text 7(best views of the Pacific Ocean)
beach
n.
海滩
2025 II卷 Text 10(day at the beach);2024 I卷 Text 7
lake
n.
湖
2016 I卷 Text 9(Lake District);2024 II卷 Text 2
forest
n.
森林
2024 I卷 Text 6(forest area);2019 II卷 Text 7(forest park)
mountain
n.
山
2021新高考 Text 8(Mount Fuji);2019 II卷 Text 7(mountain climbing)
passport
n.
护照
2016 II卷 Text 9(renewing my passport)
luggage
n.
行李
2016 II卷 Text 10(leave your luggage)
12. 天气/自然场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
weather forecast
n.短语
天气预报
2024 I卷 Text 6(checked today's weather forecast)
temperature
n.
温度
2024 I卷 Text 6(low temperatures);2017 I卷 Text 10(temperatures have reached 40°C)
storm / stormy
adj./n.
暴风雨
2024 I卷 Q6(stormy);2021新高考 Text 4(big storm coming)
flood
n./v.
洪水
2025 I卷 Text 10(creating floods;building would flood)
sea level
n.短语
海平面
2025 I卷 Text 10(rising sea levels)
climate change
n.短语
气候变化
2025 I卷 Text 10(climate change)
sunny
adj.
晴朗的
2023新高考 Text 1(If it's sunny);2023全国甲 Text 2
cloudy
adj.
多云的
2023全国甲 Text 2;2016 II卷 Text 2(lots of clouds)
rainy / rain
n./v.
雨
2023新高考 Text 1(going to rain);2023全国甲 Text 2
strong winds
n.短语
大风
2024 I卷 Text 6(warning for strong winds)
power lines
n.短语
电线
2024 I卷 Text 6(risk of falling trees and power lines)
13. 竞赛/表演场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
competition
n.
比赛/竞赛
2021全国甲 Text 8(spelling competition);2023全国甲 Text 10
record
n./v.
纪录
2026 II卷 Text 7(set a record)
audience
n.
观众
2021全国甲 Text 8(in front of an audience)
performance
n.
表演
2018 I卷 Text 1
14. 家庭/生活场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
housework
n.
家务
2025 I卷 Text 9(taking care of the housework)
neighbor
n.
邻居
2022新高考 Text 3(our neighbor);2023全国甲 Text 6(Visit the neighbors)
grocery store
n.短语
杂货店
2020 I卷 Text 9(grocery store)
laundry
n.
洗衣店/洗衣房
2020 I卷 Text 9(laundry)
balcony
n.
阳台
2019 II卷 Text 6(check the balcony)
carpet
n.
地毯
2018 I卷 Text 9(like the carpet)
fridge
n.
冰箱
2018 I卷 Text 9(cooker, fridge, dishwasher)
dishwasher
n.
洗碗机
2018 I卷 Text 9(even a dishwasher)
📌 四、熟词生义推断法
当遇到熟悉的词出现在陌生语境中时,使用“语境匹配法”:
第一步:确认这个词的常用义是什么
↓第二步:代入后句子是否通顺?不通顺 → 这个含义不对
↓第三步:根据上下文(前后词、场景)推断在语境中应该是什么意思
考点分析
🎯 考点1:转折推断(态度题的核心)
考点本质:考查学生是否能通过转折词判断说话人的真实态度或意图。
🎯 真题示例6(2026年新课标I卷 Text 6)
考题:6. What makes Copenhagen different from London in Lisa's eyes?
A. A less stressful life.
B. Better city planning.
C. More tourist sites.
🎯 考点2:因果推断(细节题的核心)
考点本质:考查学生是否能通过因果信号词理清事件的因果关系。
🎯 真题示例7(2024年新课标II卷 Text 6)
考题:7. What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Buy high-quality sportswear.
B. Keep working out regularly.
C. Avoid over-exercising.
🎯 考点3:同义转换推断(题干理解的核心)
考点本质:考查学生是否能识别题干/选项对原文的同义替换。
🎯 真题示例8(2026年新课标I卷 Text 5)
考题:Why does Sarah make the phone call?
A. To request sick leave.
B. To make a complaint.
C. To postpone a meeting.
🎯 考点4:熟词生义推断(近年区分度最高)
考点本质:考查学生是否能结合语境推断常见词的特殊含义。
🎯 真题示例9(2025年新课标I卷 Text 10)
考题:What do the numbers on the signs stand for?
A. The duration of flooding.
B. The rise in air temperature.
C. The height above sea level.
解题技巧
技巧1:转折推断三步法
听到 but / actually / however 后,快速三步定位:
第一步:确认前面的内容是什么(往往是干扰信息)
↓第二步:后面说了什么(这才是重点)
↓第三步:前后对比,判断说话人真实态度,即使没有直接听到态度词(如happy/sad),也能通过信号词后的内容反推,
技巧2:因果推断两步法
听到 because / so / that's why 后:
第一步:锁定信号词位置
↓第二步:判断前后谁是因、谁是果(因→果 或 果→因)
技巧3:熟词生义“语境匹配法”
遇到熟悉的词在陌生语境中出现时:
第一步:确认这个词的常用义是什么
↓第二步:代入后句子是否通顺?不通顺 → 这个含义不对
↓第三步:根据上下文(前后词、场景)推断在语境中应该是什么意思
技巧4:专有名词“三步处理法”
听到陌生的人名、地名、机构名时:
第一步:判断它是不是专有名词(听起来不像日常英语词汇 + 发音较重)
↓第二步:如果是 → 直接跳过,当“某人/某地/某机构”处理
↓第三步:听后面的内容,那才是考点
技巧5:考场“黄金三问”
做每一道题前,快速自问:
问题
检查点
① 原文和选项之间有没有“换说法”?
如果是 → 同义转换
② 有没有 but 或 actually?
如果是 → 转折后才是答案
③ 有没有熟悉的词在陌生语境里?
如果是 → 熟词生义,结合语境推断
强化训练
Q1(考点:态度/语气词)
男士打电话的主要目的是什么?
A. To change the order.
B. To complain about the receipt.
C. To ask for a discount.
Q2(考点:转折推断——but后面是重点)
Mike今年夏天真正想做什么?
A. Go to the beach.
B. Buy new video equipment.
C. Visit the Science Museum.
Q3(考点:抽象/概括词)
男士遇到什么问题?
A. He received the wrong item.
B. He went over budget. ✅
C. He lost his receipt.
Q4(考点:同义转换)
Mike的父母为什么要奖励他?
A. He won an e-sports competition.
B. He performed well in his final exam. ✅
C. He proposed a good vacation plan.
Q5(考点:熟词生义)
“alternative travel” 在对话中指的是什么?
A. Traveling to famous landmarks.
B. Traveling to less crowded, non-traditional places.
C. Traveling with local people.
Q6(考点:态度/语气词)
女士打破了什么纪录?
A. The national record.
B. The school record.
C. Her personal record.
Q7(考点:同义转换)
Jane因为什么决定搬家?
A. Her son's further education.
B. Her career change.
C. Her husband's job relocation.
Q8(考点:抽象/概括词)
人们在Richmond可以享受什么?
A. Local foods.
B. Local artworks.
C. Local shopping centers.
Q9(考点:同义转换——习语 + 态度推断)
“on top of the world”在这里是什么意思?
A. He is standing on a high place.
B. He is feeling extremely happy. ✅
C. He is the tallest person in the world.
Q10(考点:熟词生义
说话人提到的“it”是指什么?
A. The ability to live a long life.
B. The hand strength. ✅
C. The nervous system.
进阶篇:挖空听写
Instructions:听音频,在横线上填入你听到的内容。
Text 1(考点:态度/语气词)
原文:W: Oh my goodness, I can't believe it! You really didn't have to do this.
M: _____①_____! The kids and I worked together to make this day extra special for you. Open it and see!
W: Thank you so much, _____②_____. This means the world to me.
Text 2(考点:熟词生义)
原文:W: It's difficult for me to eat healthy. _____③_____ is like _____④_____ for me.
M: Here's something that works for me. I mix vegetables together, add milk and frozen bananas. I know it sounds terrible, but it actually tastes great.
W: I try to eat well, so thanks!
Text 3(考点:抽象/概括词)
原文:M: It says here there are eight on your account.
W: That's so strange. I just returned five of them in the morning, so it should only say three.
M: OK, no problem. Let me just check those that you returned. The system has been _____⑤_____ since the afternoon. I'll be back in _____⑥_____ minutes.
W: I think I'll leave these here and come back tomorrow. I really have to get going or I'll miss the _____⑦_____ bus.
Text 4(考点:态度/语气词——pure thinking + 态度推断)
原文:The interesting thing about playing card games in competitions is how the watching crowd affects your ability to make decisions. Card games are all about thinking about moves. This is something we all have to do every day. The cool thing about card games is that they keep your thoughts away from everything else. It is_____⑧_____ thinking. But, in competitions, people make simple mistakes that would seem crazy when playing for fun. In real life, we don’t get to see our decisions and their results so clearly as with card games. However, people watching and judging your moves affects your thinking more than you can imagine. For me, that is the real lesson of card games. It is a lesson I still remember as an adult.
综合篇:实战训练
1. How does John sound?
A. Upset. B. Excited. C. Curious.
2. What does the woman mean?
A. The boy needs to have a rest.
B. The boy has to go over lessons at weekends.
C. The boy should have passed the exam last time.
3. What seems to be Sarah‘s problem?
A. She often goes to work late.
B. She isn’t good at telling stories.
C. She couldn’t finish the task as required.
4. How might the woman feel?
A. Relaxed. B. Disappointed. C. Confident.
5. What does the woman say about the reasons for getting fat?
A. Simple. B. Unknown. C. Various.
6. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To ask for sick leave. B. To postpone a meeting. C. To schedule an appointment.
7. Why is the woman complaining?
A. The performance is bad.
B. The ticket price is high.
C. She can hardly see anything about the performance.
8. How does the man feel about car racing?
A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Worried.
9. How is the man probably feeling?
A. Confused. B. Annoyed. C. Happy.
10. How does the woman sound?
A. Surprised. B. Anxious. C. Curious.
9 / 12
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03 难词推断术:通过逻辑关系(转折、因果)推断难词
学习目标
学完本讲,你将能够:
序号
目标
对应能力
1
识别听力中的五类“隐形难词”(同义转换/态度语气/抽象概括/熟词生义/场景高频),知道每类的应对策略
解决“每个词都认识,但就是听不懂”
2
捕捉转折信号词(but/actually/however),快速锁定说话人真实意图
解决“态度题总选反”
3
捕捉因果信号词(because/so/therefore),理清事件逻辑链
解决“因果关系听颠倒”
4
识别专有名词(人名/地名/机构名),将其作为“场景背景音”处理,不被其干扰
解决“听到陌生名字就卡住”
5
综合运用逻辑推断+同义转换识别,准确匹配原文与选项
解决“听懂原文但选不对”
本讲高考考频统计(2018-2026年) :
转折关系:每年必考,平均每套试卷出现 3-5 处,态度题/观点题的核心依据
因果关系:每年必考,平均每套试卷出现 2-4 处,细节理解题的关键线索
同义转换:每年必考,平均每套试卷出现 2-3 处,题干选项设计的基础逻辑
熟词生义:近5年频次上升,2025-2026年尤其突出,是近年区分度最高的题型。
概况
一、本讲核心认知
高考听力不考超纲生词,真正的障碍在于“隐形难词”——你认识的词在语境里有另一层含义,或者题干用另一个词替换了原文的表达。
所谓“难词推断”,并不是去猜一个完全不认识的词的意思,而是:
·听到 address,知道它在这里可能是“解决”而不是“地址”
·听到 available,知道它在题干中可能被替换为 free 或 not occupied
·听到 but,知道后面的内容才是说话人的真实态度
·听到 because,知道前后是因果关系,要理清谁因谁果
二、听力“隐形难词”五大分类
基于2016-2026年高考真题听力词汇的统计,听力中的“难”体现在以下五类:
类型
一句话定义
占比
典型真题词汇
应对策略
同义转换
题干/选项用另一个词替换原文
30%
available→free,cut down→reduce
听动词/形容词,选项找同义近义
态度语气
决定说话人情感倾向的关键词
25%
actually、unfortunately、stupid
关注副词和but后内容
抽象概括
决定对话核心逻辑的笼统词
20%
limit、balance、permission
标记“核心词”,联系全文逻辑
熟词生义
认识的词在语境中有另一含义
15%
texts、address、foot、project
结合语境推理,不套固定词义
场景高频
特定场景反复出现的功能词
10%
departure、deadline、refund
考前分场景记忆,快速反应
三、专有名词——高考听力的“场景背景音”
专有名词(人名、地名、机构名、作品名)在听力中不是考点,而是“场景背景音”。处理专有名词的三个原则:
原则
怎么操作
真题例子
跳过
听到陌生的人名/地名,直接当“某人/某地”处理,不纠结
Babylonia → “某个古代地方”
听类别
听出是“一位学者”“一家公司”“一所学校”就够了
Dr. Evans → “一位博士/专家”
确认不是考点
如果题目问的是具体名字,才需要精确捕捉
Steve/Laura/Sarah 对应奖品时才需辨音
考场口诀:专有名词不纠结,听出类别就过关。人名地名跳过它,后面的信息才关键。
4、 解题三步走
步骤
做什么
目的
听前
预览选项,预判可能出现的同义转换、态度词
带着目标去听
听中
捕捉信号词(but/because/actually),标记逻辑关系
锁定答案区间
听后
匹配原文与选项的同义表达,排除干扰项
精准选答案
基础积累
📌 一、转折信号词(态度题的“生命线”)
规律:转折词后面的内容,往往和前面的内容相反或出乎意料。说话人的真实态度、真正意图,通常在转折之后。
信号词
功能
真题出处
but
最常见转折,后面是重点
几乎每篇对话必考
actually
纠正之前的说法,引出真相
2026 年新课标 I 卷 Text 9
M: Dr. Evans, you just said that these ancient texts are actually the recipes from ancient Babylonia. Can you tell us more?
however
正式转折,前后对比
2021 年新高考卷 I&II Text 10(答案考点)
However, most people don’t regard pronunciation as a very important part of communication skills. They’re more focused on vocabulary.
although/though
让步转折,后面是重点
2024 年新课标 I 卷 Text 7(答案考点)
W: Jeff is doing well with his new job. Tom has made many new friends here and has a lot to do. Fiona is fine, though she misses her grandma.
unfortunately
引出负面信息
2026 年 1 月浙江、贵州卷Text 10
He feels that the music in London clubs has formed him, but unfortunately it has been seriously undervalued by the academic world.
instead
替代关系,不是A而是B
2026 年新课标 I 卷 Text 10 (答案考点)
If you finish early, do not start a new experiment. Instead, clean your workspace thoroughly.
🎯真题示例1(2026年新课标I卷 Text 10)
考题:20. What should the students do if they finish early?
A. Analyze the data.
B. Clean their workspace.
C. Start a new experiment.
【原文】Remember, the goal is accurate data, not speed. (20)If you finish early, do not start a new experiment. Instead, clean your workspace thoroughly.
【答案】B
【解析】 这道题的关键是:看到题干里的if they finish early,就回到原文找If you finish early后面的内容。Instead后面的clean your workspace就是答案。
【陷阱分析】
陷阱类型
具体表现
应对策略
反向干扰
C选项 Start a new experiment 是原文 do not start 的反向表述,原文明确否定的内容变成选项,听漏否定词就会选错
特别注意 do not / don't / never 等否定词
定位错误
A选项 Analyze the data 是原文中前文提到过的工作分工,但不是“提前完成”后的任务
看清题干问的是“什么时间点”做什么事——题干有 if they finish early,对应原文If you finish early...之后的内容
忽略替代信号词
Instead 后面的内容才是正确答案方向
听到 Instead → 前面是“不要做的事”,后面是“应该做的事”
📌 二、因果信号词(逻辑链的“连接线”)
规律:因果词前后,一个表示“原因”,一个表示“结果”。认识一个就能推另一个。
信号词
功能
真题出处
because / because of
后面是原因
2024 全国甲卷 Text 8 (答案考点)
W: I know. It’s just that this time, this time we made the group differently. And, because you were late, we’ve already made the group. See? (12)There are four of us already.
so / therefore
后面是结果
2026 年新课标 I 卷 Text 9 (答案考点)
But people didn’t believe her until French author, Jean Bottéro, in the 1980s was asked to write an article about cooking in the past. He had heard about the texts, so he went to Yale University, and found out that they were indeed about food.
since / as
后面是已知原因
2025 年新课标 II 卷 Text 7 (答案考点)
M: Well, (8)since I bought a smartphone for Jillian last summer, it seems the phone has become an extension of her arm, and it has made it impossible for her to concentrate.
that's why
后面是结果
2023 年 1 月山东卷(第一次) Text 9 (答案考点)
Sure. I was promoted to the position of manager a few months ago. And I have to manage a staff of 12 people. It can be quite a difficult situation sometimes. That’s why I am here today.
due to / owing to
后面是原因(较正式)
2024 年 1 月山东卷听力(第一次)Text 10 (答案考点)
All traffic into Sydney remains very heavy. Pittwater Road is closed due to a car crash.
🎯 真题示例2(2026 年新课标 I 卷 Text 9 )
16. What do we know about the French author Jean Bottero?
A. He proved Mary Hussey right.
B. He taught history at Yale University.
C. He was the first to translate the texts.
【原文】 But people didn’t believe her until French author, Jean Bottéro, in the 1980s was asked to write an article about cooking in the past. He had heard about the texts, so he went to Yale University, and found out that they were indeed about food.
【答案】A
【解析】 Mary Hussey在1940年代提出这些文本“可能是关于食物的”(might be about food),但人们不相信她(But people didn’t believe her)。直到Jean Bottéro去了耶鲁,发现它们“确实与食物有关”(found out that they were indeed about food)——证实了Mary Hussey的推断。
【陷阱分析】
陷阱类型
具体表现
应对策略
张冠李戴
B选项:原文went to Yale University被歪曲为taught history at Yale University——“去耶鲁”≠“在耶鲁教书”
听到动词短语要精确理解,went to是“去了”,taught at是“在那里教书”,含义完全不同
无中生有
C选项:“翻译”在原文中根本没出现,是命题人凭空添加的信息
选项中出现原文没有的信息 → 极可能是干扰项
同义转换识别
A选项:原文found out that they were indeed about food → 选项proved Mary Hussey right
需要识别found out they were indeed about food = 证实了Mary Hussey的观点(proved ... right)
📌 三、五类“隐形难词”详解
基于2018-2026年高考真题的词汇统计,以下五类词是听力中真正的障碍。
类型一:同义转换词(占比约30%)
定义:原文用一个词,题干/选项用另一个同义词替换。这是“听力阅读化”趋势的核心体现。
题干/选项关键词
原文关键词
同义转换说明
真题出处
fill out a form
put down your information
“填写信息”→“填表”
2025 I卷 T1
free / not occupied
available
“有空的”→“空闲的”
2026 I卷 T5
reduced in number
cut down on
“削减”→“数量减少”
2025 I卷 T8
finish school
let out / dismissed
“放学”→“结束学校生活”
2025 I卷 T6
move up / advance
promote
“升职”→“晋升”
2025 II卷 T9
calling on / visiting
looking in on
“照看/看望”→“拜访”
2024 I卷 T7
give it more thought
think twice
“三思”→“再多考虑”
2026 II卷 T8
expensive for her
can't afford
“买不起”→“对她来说太贵”
2025 II卷 T3
retirement of an employee
honor a staff member retiring
“向退休员工致敬”→“员工退休”
2026 I卷 T9
supportive
in favor of
“赞成”→“支持的”
2025 II卷 T7
face / handle
address
“处理”→“解决”
2025 I卷 T10
postpone a meeting
can't arrive before noon, meet this afternoon
“推迟会议”→“中午到不了,改下午”
2026 I卷 T5
short-term project
three-month project
“短期项目”→“三个月项目”
2026 I卷 T7
profitable business
attractive new business model
“盈利”→“有吸引力的商业模式”
2026 I卷 T8
less stressful life
relaxing, manageable, constant pressure
“压力更小”→“放松的/可管理的/持续压力”
2026 I卷 T6
slow progress
haven't touched the water, same exercises every day
“进展慢”→“还没下水/每天同样的练习”
2026 II卷 T2
help them gain confidence
helped children to build confidence
“帮助建立自信”→“帮助孩子建立自信”
2022新高考 T8
unplanned happenings
things that come up unexpectedly
“突发情况”→“意外发生的事情”
2023甲卷 T8
life-changing experience
turning point of my life
“改变人生的经历”→“人生转折点”
2023甲卷 T10
catch up with his study
couldn't find a minute for my paper
“赶上学习”→“找不到一分钟写论文”
2022甲卷 T9
考场口诀:
“原文选项对一对,同义转换要匹配。
听到动词别死记,换种说法还是它。
具体描述抽象化,抓住核心意思不偏差。”
🎯 真题示例3(2025年新课标I卷 Text 1)
1. What will the man do next?
A. Unpack his suitcase.
B. Board a flight.
C. Fill out a form.
【原文】
M: Excuse me, I just arrived on the flight from Melbourne, and my suitcase is missing.
W: We’re very sorry, sir. Could you put down your information in this form? We’ll do everything we can to find your suitcase.
【答案】C
【解析】Could you put down your information in this form? 工作人员要求他在表格上填写信息。put down your information = fill out a form(填写表格)
【陷阱分析】
陷阱类型
具体表现
应对策略
同义转换识别
原文put down your information in this form → 选项Fill out a form
put down = fill out = write down。听力中不会直接说fill out,而会用put down、fill in等替换
方向/时态反了
B选项:原文arrived on the flight(刚下飞机),选项说Board a flight(登机)
arrive和board方向完全相反,听到动词要注意方向
逻辑推理
A选项:行李箱丢了→不可能unpack
结合前后文逻辑判断,不需要听到直接对应词
解题关键——本讲技能综合运用
技能
在本解题中的应用
同义转换识别
put down your information in this form → Fill out a form。这是典型的动作同义转换——put down(写下)= fill out(填写)
动词方向判断
arrived on the flight(到达)≠ Board a flight(登机)。B选项把方向完全搞反了,这是听力题最常用的干扰方式
逻辑推断
my suitcase is missing → 行李箱在丢,不可能Unpack。利用常识判断
类型二:态度/语气词(占比约25%)
定义:决定说话人情感倾向的关键词。本身不难,但听漏了会导致态度题选反。
情感类型
常见态度词
真题来源(仅态度题)
题干原文
赞同/支持
I'm all in favor
2025 新课标 II 卷 Q9
What is Sam's attitude towards the school policies?
赞同/支持
supportive
2020 全国卷 I Q9
What is Mark's attitude towards Cathy's decision?
赞同/支持
exactly
2023 全国甲 Q17
What is the goal of the school program?(回答"exactly"表示完全赞同)
反对/否定
I really don't think so
2025 新课标 I 卷 Q13
What does the woman expect TV programs to be?
反对/否定
no way
2024 新课标 II 卷 Q9
题干无明确态度题,原文表坚决否定
惊讶/难以置信
incredible
2023 新高考 Q8
题干无明确态度题,原文表惊讶
焦虑/紧张/担心
heart was racing
2026 新课标 II 卷 Q9
How did Alex feel before climbing?
焦虑/紧张/担心
worried, nervous, anxious
2021 全国卷甲 Q11
How does Nancy look to Daniel?
焦虑/紧张/担心
scared
2024 全国卷甲 Q6
What does the girl tell her dad?
抱怨/不满
annoyed
2022 全国卷甲 Q4
How does the woman sound?
失望/惋惜
what a pity
2024 新课标 I 卷 Q3
What will the speakers do today?("what a pity"表情感)
失望/惋惜
a bit disappointed
2017 全国卷 I Q1
原文"but I was a bit disappointed"
感激/感谢
grateful
2018 全国卷 I Q19
How does the speaker feel about his teacher?
感激/感谢
I appreciate
2025 新课标 II 卷 Q9
题干无明确态度题,原文表感激
鼓励/安慰
don't worry
无直接态度题
常用于安慰语境,但未见态度题直接对应
鼓励/安慰
don't be too discouraged
2024 新课标 I 卷 Q17
What is Marie's advice to those interested in kitchen gardening?
不确定/推测
it depends
2023 新高考 Q1
What will Jack probably do this weekend?
不确定/推测
I suppose
2017 全国卷 I Q9
原文"that's the way it is normally, I suppose"
肯定/赞成
great, excellent, wonderful, fantastic
2019 全国卷 II Q2
How does the woman feel now?(回答"Exciting...but tired")
肯定/赞成
brilliant
2025 新课标 I 卷 Q4
What does the woman think of the ski area?
后悔/懊恼
oh no, I wish I didn't
2025 新课标 II 卷 Q5
What does Linda suggest?(原文"I wish I didn't touch it"表后悔)
🎯 真题示例4(2026 年新课标 II 卷 Text 7)
9.How did Alex feel before climbing?
A. Deeply regretful.
B. Quite embarrassed.
C. Fairly nervous.
【原文】
W: ⑨Tell us about your state of mind before you started.
M: Well, my heart was racing for a few moments. I mean, it’s a huge wall above you, with a glass-smooth
surface and no handholds.
【答案】C
【解析】my heart was racing = “心跳加速”——这是紧张/害怕最直接的生理表现。加上a huge wall above you, with a glass-smooth surface and no handholds进一步说明环境令人紧张。
【陷阱分析】
陷阱类型
具体表现
应对策略
无中生有
A选项regretful、B选项embarrassed在原文中完全未出现
选项中出现原文没有的情绪词 → 极可能是干扰项
生理信号→心理状态
heart was racing(心跳加速)是紧张/害怕的生理表现,需要推知心理状态
听到生理描写,立刻联想对应的心理状态:heart was racing = nervous/scared
情绪词识别
三选项分别对应不同情绪方向:regretful(后悔)、embarrassed(尴尬)、nervous(紧张)
要精准区分不同情绪的对应表达——heart racing=紧张/害怕,与后悔、尴尬无关
类型三:抽象/概括词(占比约20%)
定义:用一个笼统的词概括具体事物,决定对话核心逻辑。学生可能认识这个词,但在语流中反应不过来它的作用。
词
在原文中的作用
典型真题
为什么重要
limit
超速题的核心矛盾,决定是否违规
2025 I卷 Text 6:speed limit is 15, you were going 35
听不懂limit,就无法判断“超速”
balance
解释选择/建议的原因,说明权衡关系
2024 II卷 Text 6:find a balance between work and play;2022全国甲 Text 9:balance study and work
决定了“为什么做某事”或“为什么给某建议”的答案
pressure
说明城市生活感受,对比不同地点
2026 I卷 Text 6:constant pressure in London vs. relaxing in Copenhagen
主旨题/对比题关键词
permission
需要家长/老师同意才能做某事
2025 II卷 Text 10:Permission of parents required;2022新高考 Text 6:ask for permission
夏令营/学校活动场景核心条款
challenges
描述困难、障碍或未来任务
2025 II卷 Text 7:more challenges ahead;2023全国甲 Text 10:challenges facing musicians
推断题关键词,预示后续动作
deadline
说明时间紧迫,解释行为动机
2022全国甲 Text 2:meet the project deadline;2023新高考 Text 9:pressure to meet deadlines
解释“为什么赶工/为什么焦虑”
concentrate
描述注意力/专注力问题
2023全国甲 Text 8:concentrate so much that...;2025 II卷 Text 7:impossible for her to concentrate
人物特点题/问题原因题关键词
manageable
评价城市/任务的可控性
2026 I卷 Text 6:relaxing and manageable;2025 I卷 Text 4:can't manage any more(变体)
对比题/评价题关键词
flexible
说明工作/安排的优点
2023全国甲 Text 8:flexible working hours;2022新高考 Text 8
解释“为什么选这个工作/方案”
demanding
描述任务/运动的强度
2024 II卷 Text 6:weightlifting was so demanding;2025 II卷 Text 8:do something less demanding
解释“为什么放弃/为什么改变计划”
promote
说明职位变动
2025 I卷 Text 9:no hope of being promoted;2024 II卷 Text 10:Susan had been promoted
职业类话题核心动词
retirement / retire
说明活动目的/人物状态
2026 I卷 Text 7:staff member retiring;2021全国甲 Text 9:retirement home
场景题/目的题关键词
类型四:熟词生义(占比约15%)
定义:学生认识的词在特定语境中有另一个含义。这是高考听力近年来最“刁钻”的考法,也是区分度最高的题型之一。
单词
常见义
原文生义
原文出处
为什么重要
manage
管理
能吃完/应付得了
2026 I卷 Text 2:I can't manage any more
不是"管理",而是"吃不下更多了"
signature
签名
招牌的
2026 I卷 Text 2:chef's signature dish
不是"签名菜",是"招牌菜"
run
跑
经营
2019 I卷 Text 6:run his business
不是"跑步",是"经营生意"
flat
平的/公寓
平坦的
2025 I卷 Text 10:very flat and close to the waterline
不是"公寓",是"地势平坦"
field
田野
实地/领域
2025 II卷 Text 10:field trip
不是"田野旅行",是"实地考察/校外郊游"
fix
修理
修理
2025 II卷 Text 5:have it fixed
核心义,但注意被动用法
order
命令/顺序
订单/点餐
2025 II卷 Text 3:place the order;2017 I卷 Text 7:ordering
不是"命令",是"下单/点菜"
dismiss
解雇
放学
2025 I卷 Text 6:Students aren't dismissed until 3:30
不是"解雇",是"放学/让...离开"
party
派对
一行人/一群人
2024 II卷 Text 7:How many people are there in your party?
不是"派对",是"同行的一群人"
address
地址
称呼/解决
2024 II卷 Text 10:addressed her by name
不是"地址",是"称呼"
culture
文化
公司文化
2023全国甲 Text 8:company culture
常见义,但在职场语境中特指"公司文化"
quality
质量
品质/质量
2023全国甲 Text 8:focus on the quality of work
核心义,但注意与quantity对比
quantity
数量
数量
2023全国甲 Text 8:more than the quantity
与quality对比,考查"质"与"量"的区分
article
文章
文章
2023新高考 Text 10:articles
核心义,注意与essay区分
issue
问题
一期(杂志)
2023新高考 Text 10:every issue
不是"问题",是"杂志的一期"
save
拯救/节省
节省
2023新高考 Text 7:save at least twenty minutes
"节省时间",常见但易与"拯救"混淆
company
公司
陪伴
2022全国甲 Text 9:company
也可指"陪伴",如keep sb company
firm
坚固的
公司
2020 I卷 Text 7:engineering firm
不是"坚固的",是"公司/事务所"
interest
兴趣
兴趣
2024 II卷 Text 6:hold your interest
核心义,但注意"保持兴趣"的表达
fit
合身/健康
健康的/适合
2024 II卷 Text 6:get fit
不是"合身",是"健身/保持健康"
branch
树枝
分公司
2026 I卷 Q9(选项:opening of a branch office)
不是"树枝",是"分公司"
case
箱子/案例
案件/案例
2023新高考 Text 6:new case
不是"箱子",是"案件"或"案例"
figure
数字/身材
想出/计算
2024 II卷 Text 6
"figure out"=弄明白
drive
驾驶
驱动/动力
2026 I卷 Text 4:long drive;Text 7
也可指"驱动力",但原文主要为"驾驶"
course
课程
一道菜
2017 II卷 Text 8:course
不是"课程",是"一道菜"(课程的一门)
still
仍然
静止的/然而
2016 I卷 Text 6
"still"可作副词表"仍然",也可作形容词表"静止的"
note
笔记
注意/记录
2024 II卷 Text 10:write a lot of notes
作动词"记录",也可指"纸币"
present
现在的/礼物
展示/呈现
2018 I卷 Text 1:give a presentation
"presentation"=展示/演示
post
邮寄
职位/岗位
2016 II卷 Text 9:post
不是"邮寄",是"职位"(较正式)
express
表达
快递
2020 I卷 Text 6
"express"可作形容词表"快速的",如express train
coach
长途汽车
教练
2021全国甲 Text 8:baseball coach
不是"长途汽车",是"教练"
network
网络
人际关系网
2022新高考 Text 9
职场语境中常指"人脉"
department
部门
系/部门
2026 II卷 Text 5:IT department
可指"系"(大学)或"部门"(公司)
professor
教授
教授
2017 I卷 Text 8
核心义,大学教师
fine
好的/罚款
好的
2026 II卷 Text 2:It'll be fine
口语中表"好的",也可作名词"罚款"
mean
意思是/刻薄的
意思是
2017 I卷 Text 9:I mean
口语中"I mean"=我的意思是
cover
覆盖
涵盖/包含
2019 I卷 Text 8
不是"覆盖",是"涵盖/报道"
account
账户
描述/说明
2021全国甲 Text 5
"on account of"=因为
charge
收费/充电
收费
2024 I卷 Text 4
核心义,注意与"充电"区分
leave
离开
休假
2020 I卷 Text 4
也可指"休假"(如sick leave)
present
现在的/礼物
现在
2018 I卷 Text 1
"at present"=现在
return
返回
归还
2024 II卷 Text 9:return these books
不是"返回",是"归还"
book
书
预订
2026 I卷 Text 7:book a dinner;2024 II卷 Text 7:book a table
不是"书",是"预订"
save
拯救
节省
2023新高考 Text 7:save twenty minutes
节约/节省时间
serve
服务
提供(食物)
2017 I卷 Text 7:served with beans
不是"服务",是"(餐馆)上菜"
share
分享
股份/份额
2026 I卷 Text 8:shared their profits
也可作名词"股份"
offer
提供
出价/录取通知
2025 II卷 Text 9:offered me the position
也可指"录取通知"或"报价"
position
位置
职位
2025 II卷 Text 9:position of sales manager
不是"位置",是"职位"
practice
练习
实践/诊所
2026 I卷 Text 10:practice
也可指"诊所"或"惯例"
bend
弯曲
弯腰
极少出现
注意发音和含义
miss
错过
想念/错过
2024 II卷 Text 1:I missed it;2025 I卷 Text 1
既可指"想念",也可指"错过"
top
顶部
首席的/最高的
2024 II卷 Text 10:top guy
不是"顶部",是"最高层的"
chair
椅子
主持
2023新高考 Text 8
"chair a meeting"=主持会议
board
木板
登机/董事会
2025 I卷 Text 1:board a flight
"board"作动词=登机/上车
ground
地面
理由/基础
2022新高考 Text 9
"on the grounds of"=基于...理由
smart
聪明的
智能的
2024 II卷 Text 8
"smartphone"=智能手机
light
光/轻的
轻的
2024全国甲 Text 4:lightweight
不是"光",是"轻的"
press
按/压
压力
2026 I卷 Text 6:pressure
"pressure"名词=压力
store
商店
储存
2024 I卷 Text 7
动词"储存"
waste
浪费
废物
2017 II卷 Text 10:waste containers
名词"废物/垃圾"
container
容器
集装箱/容器
2026 I卷 Text 10;2017 II卷 Text 10
核心义,注意听力中的发音
safe
安全的
保险箱
2016 I卷 Text 5
名词"保险箱"
watch
观看
手表
2025 II卷 Text 5:sports watch
核心义是"观看",但也可作名词"手表"
ring
戒指/响铃
打电话
2025 II卷 Text 8
"give sb a ring"=给某人打电话
tap
轻敲
水龙头
极少出现
注意含义
bill
账单
账单/法案
2025 II卷 Text 2:bring us the bill
核心义是"账单",也指"法案"
rock
岩石
摇滚
2024 II卷 Text 9:rock and roll
"rock and roll"=摇滚乐
🎯 真题示例5(2025年新课标I卷 Text 10)
20. What does the success of the project indicate?
A. Art can make a difference.
B. The homeowners are creative.
C. Climate change is controllable.
【原文】(20)The project has already had a real-world effect. The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities.
【答案】A
【解析】real-world effect = “真实世界的影响”——这是“艺术产生影响”最直接的对应表达。项目通过艺术手段(在标志上画数字)引发居民参与,最终成立了真正的社区组织来应对气候变化。整句逻辑链条:艺术项目 → 居民参与 → 产生真实影响。A选项 Art can make a difference 正是对这个链条的总结。B和C都是以偏概全。
【陷阱分析】
陷阱类型
具体表现
应对策略
以偏概全
B选项 homeowners are creative:原文只提到居民“put signs in yards”和“created an association”,并未说他们“有创意”
把“做了某件事”等同于“有某种特质”→ 警惕!原文没说的特质不选
程度夸大
C选项 Climate change is controllable:原文只提到“address climate change”(应对/处理),并未说气候变化“可控”
address ≠ controllable,后者程度远高于前者→ 注意动词的精确含义
偷换概念
B和C都把手段/过程(居民参与、应对气候)偷换为结论/意义(creative、controllable)
题干问的是 indicate(表明什么),应选从结果反推的意义,而非对过程中某个细节的描述
忽略核心信息
原文首句has already had a real-world effect才是答案的直接依据,后句只是举例说明
定位到题干关键词所在句后,该句的谓语/宾语往往是答案来源
类型五:场景高频词(占比约10%)
定义:特定场景反复出现的功能词。学生可能认识,但反应速度不够快,导致错过后续信息。
1.机场/交通场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
flight
n.
航班
2025 I卷 Text 1;2024 I卷 Text 1;2024 II卷 Text 6;2022新高考 Text 2
airport
n.
机场
2025 I卷 Text 5;2024 I卷 Text 5;2022新高考 Text 2
platform
n.
站台
2024 I卷 Text 5(Platform 11)
departure
n.
出发/起飞
2026 II卷 Text 6(departures for the 18th);2024 II卷 Text 6
delay
n./v.
延误
2020 II卷 Text 4(thirty-minute delay)
ticket
n.
票/机票
2026 II卷 Text 6(booked a ticket);2024 I卷 Text 5;2024 II卷 Text 1
earlier flight
n.短语
更早的航班
2026 II卷 Text 6
check-in
n.
值机/入住
2016 I卷 Text 8(check-in date)
check-out
n.
退房
2016 I卷 Text 8(check-out date)
boarding pass
n.短语
登机牌
2015 年 3 月 PETS-2
land
v.
降落
2020 II卷 Text 4(flight gets in)
2.餐饮/用餐场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
menu
n.
菜单
2026 I卷 Text 7(detailed menu);2016 I卷 Text 4
bill
n.
账单
2025 II卷 Text 2(bring us the bill);2023新高考 Text 4
order
v./n.
点餐/订单
2025 II卷 Text 3(place the order);2017 I卷 Text 7
reservation
n.
预订
2022全国甲 Text 5(reservation in the name of Mr. Jones)
signature dish
n.短语
招牌菜
2026 I卷 Text 2(chef's signature dish)
roast
adj./v.
烤的/烤
2026 I卷 Text 2(roast beef);2017 I卷 Text 7(roast chicken)
steak
n.
牛排
2025 I卷 Text 7(steakhouse);2017 I卷 Text 7(beef steak)
dessert
n.
甜点
2025 II卷 Text 2;2021全国甲 Text 7
refreshment
n.
点心/茶点
2024 II卷 Text 2(a little refreshment)
wine list
n.短语
酒水单
2016 I卷 Text 4
beef
n.
牛肉
2026 I卷 Text 2
pounds
n.
英镑(价格)
2026 I卷 Text 7(thirty pounds per person)
dollars
n.
美元(价格)
2023新高考 Text 4;2024 II卷 Text 6;2022新高考 Text 7
euros
n.
欧元(价格)
2020 II卷 Text 8(650 euros)
budget
n.
预算
2026 I卷 Text 7(specific budget)
3. 酒店/住宿场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
book
v.
预订
2026 I卷 Text 7(book a dinner);2024 II卷 Text 7(book a table)
reservation
n.
预订
2016 I卷 Text 8(existing reservation);2022全国甲 Text 5
check-in
n.
入住
2016 I卷 Text 8(check-in date)
check-out
n.
退房
2016 I卷 Text 8(check-out date)
room rate
n.短语
房费
2016 I卷 Text 8(change in the room rate)
courtyard room
n.短语
庭院房
2016 I卷 Text 8(instead of a courtyard room)
upper floor
n.短语
较高楼层
2016 I卷 Text 8(preferably on an upper floor)
hotel gym
n.短语
酒店健身房
2022新高考 Text 5
room key
n.短语
房间钥匙
2022新高考 Text 5(take your room key)
extra
adj.
额外的(费用)
2022新高考 Text 5(pay extra)
venue
n.
场地
2024 II卷 Text 10(chose a five star hotel as the venue)
4. 工作/职场场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
position
n.
职位
2025 II卷 Text 9(position of sales manager);2023全国甲 Text 8(accountant position)
interview
n./v.
面试
2025 II卷 Text 9(had an interview);2018 II卷 Text 5
promote / promotion
v./n.
晋升
2025 I卷 Text 9(no hope of being promoted);2024 II卷 Text 10(had been promoted)
salary
n.
薪资
2025 II卷 Text 9(present salary);2019 II卷 Text 9(starting salary)
manager
n.
经理
2025 II卷 Text 9(sales manager);2024 II卷 Text 10(hotel manager)
department
n.
部门
2026 II卷 Text 5(IT department);2022全国甲 Text 7(department by department)
staff
n.
员工
2026 I卷 Text 7(staff member);2017 I卷 Text 8(senior staff)
colleague
n.
同事
2016 II卷 Text 9(old colleague);2023全国甲 Text 4(former designer)
client
n.
客户
2026 I卷 Q1选项(business client)
deadline
n.
截止日期
2022全国甲 Text 2(project deadline);2023新高考 Text 9(meet deadlines)
project
n.
项目
2026 I卷 Text 6(three-month project);2022全国甲 Text 2
firm
n.
公司
2020 I卷 Text 7(engineering firm);2022新高考 Text 9
company culture
n.短语
公司文化
2023全国甲 Text 8(value progress and focus on quality)
flexible working hours
n.短语
弹性工作时间
2023全国甲 Text 8
human resources
n.短语
人力资源
2025 II卷 Text 9(human resources director)
resign / quit
v.
辞职
2020 I卷 Text 7(leave the company);2022新高考 Text 9
retire / retirement
n./v.
退休
2026 I卷 Text 7(retiring next month);2021全国甲 Text 9(retirement home)
5. 学校/教育场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
presentation
n.
展示/演示
2024全国甲 Text 2(class presentation);2024 II卷 Text 8(presentation)
assignment
n.
作业
未直接出现
deadline
n.
截止日期
2023新高考 Text 9(meet deadlines)
professor
n.
教授
2017 I卷 Text 8;2018 I卷 Text 5
course
n.
课程
2017 II卷 Text 8(course);2016 I卷 Text 7(classes)
term paper
n.短语
学期论文
2022全国甲 Text 9(term paper)
lab / laboratory
n.
实验室
2026 I卷 Text 10(lab rules);2017 II卷 Text 10(lab session)
experiment
n.
实验
2026 I卷 Text 10;2017 II卷 Text 10(experiments)
graduate / graduation
v./n.
毕业
2025 I卷 Text 2(after graduation);2024 I卷 Text 10(graduating in 1981)
master's degree
n.短语
硕士学位
2025 I卷 Text 2(do my master's);2016 II卷 Text 8(master's degree)
psychology
n.
心理学
2025 II卷 Text 4(Department of Psychology)
biology
n.
生物学
2025 II卷 Text 4(I study biology)
chemistry
n.
化学
2023全国甲 Text 9(physics and chemistry);2018 II卷 Text 6(chemistry homework)
physics
n.
物理
2023全国甲 Text 9
research
n./v.
研究
2025 II卷 Text 3(research);2017 II卷 Text 7(research work)
scholarship
n.
奖学金
2018 II卷 Text 10(graduated on scholarship)
tuition
n.
学费
未直接出现
kindergarten
n.
幼儿园
2018 II卷 Text 9(kindergarten)
6. 健康/医疗场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
appointment
n.
预约
2019 II卷 Text 8(make an appointment);2016 II卷 Text 1
doctor
n.
医生
2026 I卷 Text 5(see my doctor);2024 II卷 Text 4(take her to see a doctor)
clinic
n.
诊所
2021全国甲 Text 5(at a clinic);2024 II卷 Text 6(in a clinic)
dizzy
adj.
头晕的
2021全国甲 Text 5(been very dizzy)
chest pain
n.短语
胸痛
2021全国甲 Text 5(chest pain)
diet
n.
饮食
2021全国甲 Text 7(strict diet)
injury
n.
受伤
2024 II卷 Text 6(afraid of getting injured);2022全国甲 Text 10(got an injury)
exercise
n./v.
锻炼
2024 II卷 Text 6(do different kinds of exercise);2019 I卷 Text 9
weightlifting
n.
举重
2024 II卷 Text 6;2023新高考 Text 9
jogging
n.
慢跑
2024 II卷 Text 6
get fit
v.短语
健身
2024 II卷 Text 6(I want to get fit)
safety glasses
n.短语
安全眼镜
2026 I卷 Text 10(safety glasses must be worn)
chemicals
n.
化学制品
2026 I卷 Text 10(never mix chemicals)
acid
n.
酸
2026 I卷 Text 10(strong acid)
burns
n./v.
烧伤
2026 I卷 Text 10(cause serious burns)
7. 购物/消费场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
size
n.
尺码
2021全国甲 Text 2(size twelve);2024全国甲 Text 3(size should be 75cm)
price
n.
价格
2024全国甲 Text 3(difference in the price)
discount
n.
折扣
2019 II卷 Text 3(20% discount)
membership card
n.短语
会员卡
2019 II卷 Text 3(membership card)
receipt
n.
收据
2024 I卷 Q4选项(ask for a receipt)
deliver / delivery
v./n.
送货
2024 I卷 Text 4(delivered to my house)
order
n./v.
订单/订购
2025 II卷 Text 3(place the order);2024 I卷 Q4(cancel an order)
return
v.
退货/归还
2024 II卷 Text 9(return these books)
second-hand
adj.
二手的
2023新高考 Text 8(second-hand bookstore)
yard sale
n.短语
庭院旧货出售
2023新高考 Text 8
8. 休闲/娱乐场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
concert
n.
音乐会
2024 II卷 Text 9;2019 I卷 Text 5
theatre / theater
n.
剧院
2026 I卷 Text 3;2025 II卷 Text 6(National Theatre)
museum
n.
博物馆
2026 I卷 Text 3;2025 II卷 Text 10(Natural Museum)
exhibition
n.
展览
2016 II卷 Text 8(over one hundred exhibitions)
festival
n.
节日/音乐节
2023全国甲 Text 10(world music festival)
gym
n.
健身房
2022新高考 Text 5(hotel gym);2019 I卷 Text 2(join the gym)
stadium
n.
体育场
2022全国甲 Text 10(Botswana National Stadium)
Olympics
n.
奥运会
2022全国甲 Text 10(2016 Olympics)
rock climbing
n.短语
攀岩
2025 II卷 Text 8;2026 II卷 Text 7
horseback riding
n.短语
骑马
2025 II卷 Text 8
boating
n.
划船
2025 II卷 Text 8;2016 I卷 Text 9
camp / camping
n./v.
露营
2023新高考 Text 1(go camping);2016 I卷 Text 9
barbecue
n.
烧烤
2016 II卷 Text 7(have a barbecue)
picnic
n.
野餐
2026 II卷 Text 1;2025 II卷 Text 10
field trip
n.短语
实地考察/郊游
2025 II卷 Text 10(go on a field trip)
9. 住宿/租房场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
apartment
n.
公寓
2020 I卷 Text 9(new apartment);2018 I卷 Text 9
flat
n.
公寓
2023全国甲 Text 6(last flat)
rent
n./v.
租金/租用
2020 I卷 Text 9(pay in rent);2018 I卷 Text 9(for rent)
roommate
n.
室友
2020 I卷 Text 9(have a roommate);2017 II卷 Text 8(roommate)
cupboard
n.
碗柜/储物柜
2023全国甲 Text 6(cupboard space);2018 I卷 Text 9(cupboards)
kitchen
n.
厨房
2023全国甲 Text 6;2020 I卷 Text 9
living room
n.短语
客厅
2020 I卷 Text 9(living room)
bedroom
n.
卧室
2023全国甲 Text 6;2020 I卷 Text 9
bathroom
n.
浴室
2018 I卷 Text 9(see the bathroom)
furnished
adj.
配有家具的
未直接出现
neighborhood
n.
社区/附近
2025 I卷 Text 9;2023全国甲 Text 6(good neighborhood)
downtown
n./adj.
市中心
2026 II卷 Text 1(go downtown);2018 I卷 Text 9(a few blocks downtown)
suburbs
n.
郊区
2025 I卷 Text 3(look in the suburbs)
10. 电话/通讯场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
message
n.
留言/消息
2022全国甲 Text 7(customer inquiries)
leave a message
v.短语
留言
2020 II卷 Text 7(leave a message)
call / phone call
n./v.
电话
2025 II卷 Text 6(make the call);2024 II卷 Text 8
email
n./v.
邮件
2026 I卷 Text 7(email it to...);2016 II卷 Text 7(received an email)
Internet
n.
互联网
2017 I卷 Text 5(on the Internet);2016 I卷 Text 10
connection
n.
连接/网络
2023全国甲 Text 7(Internet or telephone connection)
available
adj.
可用的/有空的
2026 I卷 Text 5;2026 II卷 Text 6
11. 旅行/度假场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
vacation
n.
假期
2025 II卷 Text 8(this vacation);2024 I卷 Text 1
trip
n.
旅行
2025 II卷 Text 10(field trip);2017 II卷 Text 9(planning a trip)
tour
n.
游览
2021全国甲 Text 4(half-day tour);2026 II卷 Text 10(guided tour)
guide
n.
导游
2018 I卷 Text 7(I am your guide)
scenery / view
n.
风景
2018 I卷 Text 7(best views of the Pacific Ocean)
beach
n.
海滩
2025 II卷 Text 10(day at the beach);2024 I卷 Text 7
lake
n.
湖
2016 I卷 Text 9(Lake District);2024 II卷 Text 2
forest
n.
森林
2024 I卷 Text 6(forest area);2019 II卷 Text 7(forest park)
mountain
n.
山
2021新高考 Text 8(Mount Fuji);2019 II卷 Text 7(mountain climbing)
passport
n.
护照
2016 II卷 Text 9(renewing my passport)
luggage
n.
行李
2016 II卷 Text 10(leave your luggage)
12. 天气/自然场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
weather forecast
n.短语
天气预报
2024 I卷 Text 6(checked today's weather forecast)
temperature
n.
温度
2024 I卷 Text 6(low temperatures);2017 I卷 Text 10(temperatures have reached 40°C)
storm / stormy
adj./n.
暴风雨
2024 I卷 Q6(stormy);2021新高考 Text 4(big storm coming)
flood
n./v.
洪水
2025 I卷 Text 10(creating floods;building would flood)
sea level
n.短语
海平面
2025 I卷 Text 10(rising sea levels)
climate change
n.短语
气候变化
2025 I卷 Text 10(climate change)
sunny
adj.
晴朗的
2023新高考 Text 1(If it's sunny);2023全国甲 Text 2
cloudy
adj.
多云的
2023全国甲 Text 2;2016 II卷 Text 2(lots of clouds)
rainy / rain
n./v.
雨
2023新高考 Text 1(going to rain);2023全国甲 Text 2
strong winds
n.短语
大风
2024 I卷 Text 6(warning for strong winds)
power lines
n.短语
电线
2024 I卷 Text 6(risk of falling trees and power lines)
13. 竞赛/表演场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
competition
n.
比赛/竞赛
2021全国甲 Text 8(spelling competition);2023全国甲 Text 10
record
n./v.
纪录
2026 II卷 Text 7(set a record)
audience
n.
观众
2021全国甲 Text 8(in front of an audience)
performance
n.
表演
2018 I卷 Text 1
14. 家庭/生活场景
高频词
词性
含义
真题出处
housework
n.
家务
2025 I卷 Text 9(taking care of the housework)
neighbor
n.
邻居
2022新高考 Text 3(our neighbor);2023全国甲 Text 6(Visit the neighbors)
grocery store
n.短语
杂货店
2020 I卷 Text 9(grocery store)
laundry
n.
洗衣店/洗衣房
2020 I卷 Text 9(laundry)
balcony
n.
阳台
2019 II卷 Text 6(check the balcony)
carpet
n.
地毯
2018 I卷 Text 9(like the carpet)
fridge
n.
冰箱
2018 I卷 Text 9(cooker, fridge, dishwasher)
dishwasher
n.
洗碗机
2018 I卷 Text 9(even a dishwasher)
📌 四、熟词生义推断法
当遇到熟悉的词出现在陌生语境中时,使用“语境匹配法”:
第一步:确认这个词的常用义是什么
↓第二步:代入后句子是否通顺?不通顺 → 这个含义不对
↓第三步:根据上下文(前后词、场景)推断在语境中应该是什么意思
考点分析
🎯 考点1:转折推断(态度题的核心)
考点本质:考查学生是否能通过转折词判断说话人的真实态度或意图。
🎯 真题示例6(2026年新课标I卷 Text 6)
考题:6. What makes Copenhagen different from London in Lisa's eyes?
A. A less stressful life.
B. Better city planning.
C. More tourist sites.
【原文】 It has everything big cities offer—cafés, theaters, museums, but it is still relaxing and manageable. Unlike London, you don't feel constant pressure here.
【答案】A
【解析】 but 后面是重点:relaxing and manageable。Unlike London, you don't feel constant pressure 进一步说明哥本哈根比伦敦轻松。即使不认识 manageable,也知道是“轻松/好应对”的意思。
【陷阱指数】 ⭐⭐⭐⭐
🎯 考点2:因果推断(细节题的核心)
考点本质:考查学生是否能通过因果信号词理清事件的因果关系。
🎯 真题示例7(2024年新课标II卷 Text 6)
考题:7. What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Buy high-quality sportswear.
B. Keep working out regularly.
C. Avoid over-exercising.
【原文】 W: I did jogging now and then, but it was so boring. So I changed to weightlifting, but it was so demanding. And I was afraid of getting injured. So, I went bike riding.
M: Oh, I see. You need to be consistent. I suggest you do different kinds of exercise on one day, or on
different days of the week. This will help hold your interest, so you can keep coming back.
【答案】B
【解析】You need to be consistent 是直接建议,但解题关键在后续的解释:This will help hold your interest, so you can keep coming back(这将有助于保持你的兴趣,这样你就能坚持回来)。
B 选项 Keep working out regularly 正是对原文 consistent 和 keep coming back 的同义转换。A 选项“买高品质运动服”为无中生有,C 选项“避免过度运动”与原文意图相反。题干中的 advise(建议)与选项中的“坚持锻炼”构成了清晰的“建议-行动”逻辑。这也是“同义转换”考点在建议类题目中的典型体现。
【陷阱指数】 ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
🎯 考点3:同义转换推断(题干理解的核心)
考点本质:考查学生是否能识别题干/选项对原文的同义替换。
🎯 真题示例8(2026年新课标I卷 Text 5)
考题:Why does Sarah make the phone call?
A. To request sick leave.
B. To make a complaint.
C. To postpone a meeting.
【原文】W: Hello, Mr. Waterman. This is Sarah Jones. I’m stuck on the highway. There’s a serious accident. I’m afraid I can’t arrive before noon. Could we meet this afternoon?
【答案】C
【解析】 原文说 I'm stuck on the highway. There's a serious accident. I'm afraid I can't arrive before noon. Could we meet this afternoon?(我堵在高速上了,有一起严重事故。恐怕中午前到不了了。我们能改到下午见面吗?)
她打电话的目的是把原定上午的会议改到下午 → postpone a meeting(推迟会议)。C 选项正确。【陷阱指数】 ⭐⭐⭐⭐
🎯 考点4:熟词生义推断(近年区分度最高)
考点本质:考查学生是否能结合语境推断常见词的特殊含义。
🎯 真题示例9(2025年新课标I卷 Text 10)
考题:What do the numbers on the signs stand for?
A. The duration of flooding.
B. The rise in air temperature.
C. The height above sea level.
【原文】 I started an art project called Underwater Homeowners Association and painted numbers onto thousands of large signs. Each number showed how high someone's house was above sea level. A "ONE" would mean that if the sea level rose one foot, the building would flood.
【答案】C
【解析】这里的 foot 是“英尺”,不是“脚”。如果学生按“脚”理解,整句“海平面上升一英尺→建筑被淹”的逻辑就不通了。结合 sea level 和 flood 的语境,可以推断出 foot = 英尺。
A 选项“洪水持续时间”在原文中未提及,B 选项“气温上升”与原文话题无关。
【陷阱指数】 ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
解题技巧
技巧1:转折推断三步法
听到 but / actually / however 后,快速三步定位:
第一步:确认前面的内容是什么(往往是干扰信息)
↓第二步:后面说了什么(这才是重点)
↓第三步:前后对比,判断说话人真实态度,即使没有直接听到态度词(如happy/sad),也能通过信号词后的内容反推,
技巧2:因果推断两步法
听到 because / so / that's why 后:
第一步:锁定信号词位置
↓第二步:判断前后谁是因、谁是果(因→果 或 果→因)
技巧3:熟词生义“语境匹配法”
遇到熟悉的词在陌生语境中出现时:
第一步:确认这个词的常用义是什么
↓第二步:代入后句子是否通顺?不通顺 → 这个含义不对
↓第三步:根据上下文(前后词、场景)推断在语境中应该是什么意思
技巧4:专有名词“三步处理法”
听到陌生的人名、地名、机构名时:
第一步:判断它是不是专有名词(听起来不像日常英语词汇 + 发音较重)
↓第二步:如果是 → 直接跳过,当“某人/某地/某机构”处理
↓第三步:听后面的内容,那才是考点
技巧5:考场“黄金三问”
做每一道题前,快速自问:
问题
检查点
① 原文和选项之间有没有“换说法”?
如果是 → 同义转换
② 有没有 but 或 actually?
如果是 → 转折后才是答案
③ 有没有熟悉的词在陌生语境里?
如果是 → 熟词生义,结合语境推断
强化训练
Q1(考点:态度/语气词)
男士打电话的主要目的是什么?
A. To change the order.
B. To complain about the receipt.
C. To ask for a discount.
【答案】A
【原文】M: I did, thanks. But I’m afraid I need to remove one of the objects from my order. I just realized I spent more than the $700 limit my company gave me.
【解析】I’m afraid 是“委婉否定”信号词,引出真实意图——remove one of the objects from my order(从订单中移除一件物品)。选项A“To change the order”是对此的同义概括。B“投诉收据”和C“要折扣”原文均未提及。
Q2(考点:转折推断——but后面是重点)
Mike今年夏天真正想做什么?
A. Go to the beach.
B. Buy new video equipment.
C. Visit the Science Museum.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Well, I know we usually go to the beach for summer vacation. But this year, I’d really love to visit the Science Museum instead. They have a special exhibition on space exploration.
【解析】信号词 but 后面才是重点。前半句说“通常去海滩”,but 转折后说“今年想去科技馆”。A是“通常”的做法(干扰项),B是妈妈提议的奖励,C才是Mike的真实想法。
Q3(考点:抽象/概括词)
男士遇到什么问题?
A. He received the wrong item.
B. He went over budget. ✅
C. He lost his receipt.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I did, thanks. But I’m afraid I need to remove one of the objects from my order. I just realized I spent more than the $700 limit my company gave me.
【解析】$700 limit = 公司给的预算上限。spent more than = 花费超过。选项B“He went over budget”是对这句话的抽象概括。如果听不懂 budget 或 limit 的含义,就无法判断他遇到的问题是什么。
Q4(考点:同义转换)
Mike的父母为什么要奖励他?
A. He won an e-sports competition.
B. He performed well in his final exam. ✅
C. He proposed a good vacation plan.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Mike, your teacher called. You did a great job in the final exam! Your father and I want to reward you. How about new e-sports game equipment?
【解析】You did a great job in the final exam = 他在期末考试中表现很好。选项B“performed well in his final exam”是对原文的直接同义转换。A是妈妈提议的奖励内容,不是原因;C是他提出的度假计划,也不是奖励原因。
Q5(考点:熟词生义)
“alternative travel” 在对话中指的是什么?
A. Traveling to famous landmarks.
B. Traveling to less crowded, non-traditional places.
C. Traveling with local people.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Hello, Jim. I did “alternative travel” this time. I canceled the trip to a coastal town in Greece and visited a small village in Croatia. Quiet beaches, light traffic and cheap homemade food.
【解析】alternative 本义是“替代的、另类的”。语境中“取消了希腊海滨小镇,去了克罗地亚小村庄”——说明是“非主流旅游”。选项B“less crowded, non-traditional places”是对此的准确概括。C是原文提到的一个细节(当地人邀请吃饭),但不是“alternative travel”的定义。
Q6(考点:态度/语气词)
女士打破了什么纪录?
A. The national record.
B. The school record.
C. Her personal record.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Jennifer, you just clocked your fastest time ever! If you were three seconds faster, you would have broken the school record this year.
【解析】your fastest time ever = “你有史以来最快的成绩”,意味着她打破的是个人最好成绩。原文说“快3秒就破校纪录”,但她比全国纪录慢10秒——说明她破的是个人纪录。ever 在此处强调“有史以来”。
Q7(考点:同义转换)
Jane因为什么决定搬家?
A. Her son's further education.
B. Her career change.
C. Her husband's job relocation.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Richard works for an advertising company. He’ll be reassigned to their Fairfield branch, so my son and I are going with him. And I’m a doctor at a hospital.
【解析】reassigned to their Fairfield branch = 被重新分配到Fairfield分公司 → 工作调动。选项C“job relocation”是对此的同义转换。Fairfield、Canada、U.K.都是专有名词,不影响做题。A和B原文均未提及。
Q8(考点:抽象/概括词)
人们在Richmond可以享受什么?
A. Local foods.
B. Local artworks.
C. Local shopping centers.
【答案】B
【原文】W: You’re right. Anyway, I’d like to have a look. I just heard there are some really nice arts in the villages. The best place to find a good variety of local artworks, such as paintings and handmade jewelry, is Richmond. The only trouble is that there aren’t any places to eat. Luckily, there are some great restaurants and cafes in Rosemount, fifteen minutes by bike away from it. And Sun Valley, which is a ten minutes’ walk from Richmond, is also famous for its local foods.
【解析】原文直接说“找到各种本地艺术品(local artworks)的最佳地点是Richmond”。选项B“Local artworks”是原词复现。A(食物)在Sun Valley,C(购物中心)文中未提及。
Q9(考点:同义转换——习语 + 态度推断)
“on top of the world”在这里是什么意思?
A. He is standing on a high place.
B. He is feeling extremely happy. ✅
C. He is the tallest person in the world.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Mike is different today.
M: Yes, he has won a big prize.
W: No wonder he’s on top of the world now. I’m really happy for him.
【解析】on top of the world 是英语习语,表示“非常开心、得意”。前文“He has won a big prize”(他赢了大奖)是语境线索。A和C都是字面理解,与语境不符。
Q10(考点:熟词生义
说话人提到的“it”是指什么?
A. The ability to live a long life.
B. The hand strength. ✅
C. The nervous system.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Yeah! It’s connected to the condition of your muscles, your nervous system and even your heart. So, I have some work to do!
W: Wow... I should get one too!
【解析】整个对话在讨论“hand strength”(手部力量)——说话人想买手部力量训练器,因为Grandma能轻松打开瓶盖,医生说手部力量是“会长寿的最佳标志之一”。这里的 condition 意为“状况、状态”,整句在解释为什么手部力量与健康相关。虽然这句话本身提到了“nervous system”等概念,但“it”指代的是整个对话的核心话题——hand strength。选项A是手部力量带来的结果,不是“it”本身;选项C是手部力量所“connected to”的众多事物之一,不是“it”本身。这是典型的“代指对象”题型。
进阶篇:挖空听写
Instructions:听音频,在横线上填入你听到的内容。
Text 1(考点:态度/语气词)
原文:W: Oh my goodness, I can't believe it! You really didn't have to do this.
M: _____①_____! The kids and I worked together to make this day extra special for you. Open it and see!
W: Thank you so much, _____②_____. This means the world to me.
【答案与解析】
空
答案
考点
解析
①
Nonsense
直接捕捉
态度/语气词
②
sweetheart
态度/语气词(亲昵称呼)
这是妻子对丈夫的亲昵称呼,表明两人是夫妻关系。前文 Oh my goodness(惊讶)、You really didn't have to do this(感动)已暗示了情感基调,sweetheart 进一步确认了人物关系。如果听漏这个词,可能误判为朋友或同事。
🔑 解题关键:sweetheart 是态度词,直接决定人物关系推断。同时 means the world to me(对我意义重大)也是情感强化的表达。
Text 2(考点:熟词生义)
原文:W: It's difficult for me to eat healthy. _____③_____ is like _____④_____ for me.
M: Here's something that works for me. I mix vegetables together, add milk and frozen bananas. I know it sounds terrible, but it actually tastes great.
W: I try to eat well, so thanks!
【答案与解析】
空
答案
考点
解析
③
Eating vegetables
上下文衔接
前一句说 It's difficult for me to eat healthy,后一句用 Eating vegetables 具体化“健康饮食”的内容。
④
pulling teeth
熟词生义(习语)
like pulling teeth 是英语习语,意思是“极其困难、非常痛苦”。字面意思是“像拔牙一样”,但在这里是比喻“吃蔬菜对我来说太难了”。如果按字面理解,会误以为她在说“拔牙”。
🔑 解题关键:pulling teeth 是典型的习语类熟词生义——每个词都认识,但组合在一起的含义≠字面意思。同类习语还有:break a leg(祝好运)、piece of cake(小菜一碟)。
Text 3(考点:抽象/概括词)
原文:M: It says here there are eight on your account.
W: That's so strange. I just returned five of them in the morning, so it should only say three.
M: OK, no problem. Let me just check those that you returned. The system has been _____⑤_____ since the afternoon. I'll be back in _____⑥_____ minutes.
W: I think I'll leave these here and come back tomorrow. I really have to get going or I'll miss the _____⑦_____ bus.
【答案与解析】
空
答案
考点
解析
⑤
acting up
抽象/概括词
表示“出故障、运作不正常”,是 not working properly 的口语化表达。如果听不懂这个词,就无法判断工作人员为什么要去检查系统。
⑥
five
直接捕捉
数字直接捕捉。
⑦
last
同义转换
miss the last bus = 错过末班车。last 在这里不是“最后的”(序号),而是“当天的最后一班”。这是时间和交通场景中的高频词。
🔑 解题关键:acting up 是抽象/概括词,决定了为什么借书流程出现问题。last bus 是交通场景高频词,决定了她为什么急着走。
Text 4(考点:态度/语气词——pure thinking + 态度推断)
原文:The interesting thing about playing card games in competitions is how the watching crowd affects your ability to make decisions. Card games are all about thinking about moves. This is something we all have to do every day. The cool thing about card games is that they keep your thoughts away from everything else. It is_____⑧_____ thinking. But, in competitions, people make simple mistakes that would seem crazy when playing for fun. In real life, we don’t get to see our decisions and their results so clearly as with card games. However, people watching and judging your moves affects your thinking more than you can imagine. For me, that is the real lesson of card games. It is a lesson I still remember as an adult.
【答案与解析】
空
答案
考点
解析
⑧
pure
态度/语气词
pure thinking = 纯粹的思考,强调的是“不掺杂其他因素的思考过程”。说话人认为卡牌游戏的独特之处在于让思维与外界隔离,专注于决策本身。这个词直接体现了说话人对卡牌游戏的积极态度。
🔑 解题关键:pure 是态度词,表达了说话人对卡牌游戏的赞赏。如果听漏这个词,可能无法判断说话人为什么认为卡牌游戏“很酷”。
综合篇:实战训练
1. How does John sound?
A. Upset. B. Excited. C. Curious.
【答案】A
【原文】W: What’s up, John? Why the long face? Aren’t you satisfied with the test results?
M: I could have done better. Well, maybe next time…
【考点】态度/语气词——Why the long face? / I could have done better
2. What does the woman mean?
A. The boy needs to have a rest.
B. The boy has to go over lessons at weekends.
C. The boy should have passed the exam last time.
【答案】 B
【原文】M: Mom, must I stay at home reviewing lessons even at weekends? I’ve studied for several days. I need to relax.
W: Last time you did pass the exam unexpectedly, but don’t push your luck this time because it is much more difficult.
【考点】态度/语气词——don’t push your luck
3. What seems to be Sarah‘s problem?
A. She often goes to work late.
B. She isn’t good at telling stories.
C. She couldn’t finish the task as required.
【答案】 C
【原文】M: Sarah worked as a journalist for a month, but she couldn’t handle it successfully.
W: Why?
M: She wasn’t able to finish her stories on time for the strict deadlines.
【考点】抽象/概括词——couldn’t handle it successfully
4. How might the woman feel?
A. Relaxed. B. Disappointed. C. Confident.
【答案】 B
【原文】W: We are trying to start a club.
M: How is it going?
W: We are hoping for at least fifteen people, but only two sign up.
【考点】态度/语气词——only two sign up
5. What does the woman say about the reasons for getting fat?
A. Simple. B. Unknown. C. Various.
【答案】 C
【原文】M: How can I lose weight, doctor? I seem to get fatter even when I just look at food.
W: Well, Jim. It is related to how much you eat, the type of food you eat, and when you eat your meals.
【考点】考点:抽象/概括词
6. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To ask for sick leave. B. To postpone a meeting. C. To schedule an appointment.
【答案】 A
【原文】W: Hello, Mr. Smith, this is Emily. I woke up this morning with a fever and an upset stomach, so I’m afraid I won’t be able to attend the meeting today.
M: I’m sorry to hear that. Please take care of yourself and get some rest.
W: Thanks.
【考点】因果推断 / 同义转换
7. Why is the woman complaining?
A. The performance is bad.
B. The ticket price is high.
C. She can hardly see anything about the performance.
【答案】 C
【原文】W: These seats are terrible. I can hardly see anything about the performance.
M: I know but what do you expect for the price we paid?
【考点】抽象/概括词——can hardly see anything
8. How does the man feel about car racing?
A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Worried.
【答案】 C
【原文】M: Lisa, I saw you wearing a T-shirt with a racing car. I didn’t realize you were into it.
W: Yes. I usually go to one or two races a year.
M: It makes me think twice when I consider the cost. I can’t handle such fast movement of it.
【考点】态度/语气词——makes me think twice / can’t handle
9. How is the man probably feeling?
A. Confused. B. Annoyed. C. Happy.
【答案】 B
【原文】M: Sandra, when you return the car this time, please fill it up with petrol, OK?
W: I always do. You don‘t have to remind me of such a simple thing.
M: Well, Sandra, last time it was empty. I was late to work as I had to fill it up.
【考点】态度/语气词——You don’t have to remind me
10. How does the woman sound?
A. Surprised. B. Anxious. C. Curious.
【答案】 C
【原文】M: You’re finally moving out of the city!
W: Yes. I loved my convenient apartment. But now, I want a quiet country house with more land and room for my kids.
M: Your family will love this!
【考点】态度/语气词——好奇询问
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$I did, thanks, but i'm afraid I need to remove one of the objects from my order. I just realized I spent more than the seven hundred dollar limit my company gave me. Well, I know we usually go to the beach for summer vacation, but this year ID really love to visit the science museum. Instead, they have a special exhibition on space exploration. I did, thanks, but i'm afraid I need to remove one of the objects from my order. I just realized I spent more than the seven hundred dollar limit my company gave me. Mike, your teacher called you did a great job in the final exam. Your father and I want to reward you. How about new espace ts game equipment? Hello, jim. I did alternative travel this time. I cancelled the trip to a coastal town in greece and visited a small village in the asia. Quiet beaches, light traffic and cheap homework, ate food. Jennifer, you just clock your fastest time ever. If you were three seconds faster, you would have broken the school record this year. Richard works for an advertising company. He'll be resigned to their film field branch. So my son and I are going with him, and i'm a doctor at . a hospital. You're right. Anyway, i'd like to have a look I just heard there. Awesome, really nice arts in the villages, the best place to find a good variety of local artworks, such as paintings and hand made jewelery. The only trouble is that there aren't any places to eat. Luckily, there are some great restaurants and cafe in rosemount, fifteen minutes by bike away from IT and sun valley, which is a ten minute walk from richman, is also famous for . its local foods. Different today. Yes, he has won a big prize. No wonder he's on top of the world now. I'm really . happy for him. Yeah, it's connected to the condition of your muscles, your nervous system and even your heart. So I have some work to do. Wow, I should get one too.
What's up, john? Why the long face? Aren't you satisfied with the test results? I could have done Better. Well, maybe next time. What's up, john? Why the long face? Aren't you satisfied with the test results? I could have done Better. Well, maybe next time. Mom, must I stay at home reviewing lessons, eating at weekends? I've started for several days. I need to relax. Last time you did pass the exam unexpecting, but don't push your luck this time, because IT is much more difficult. Mom, must I stay at home reviewing lessons even at weekends? I've started for several days. I need to relate. Last time you did pass the exam unexpectedly, but don't push your luck this time, because IT is much more difficult. Sarah worked as a journalist for a month, but he couldn't handle . IT successfully. Why SHE wasn't able to finish her stories on time for the strict deadlines. Sarah worked as a journalist for a month, but he couldn't handle IT . successfully. Why SHE wasn't able to finish her stories on time for the strict deadlines. We are trying to start a club. How is that going? We are hoping for at least fifteen people, but only to sign up. We are trying to start a club. How is that going? We are hoping for at least fifteen people, but only to sign up. How can I lose weight? Doctor, I seem to get faster even when I just look at food. Well, jim IT is related to how much you eat, the type of food you eat, and when you eat your meals. How can I lose weight? Doctor, I seem you get, father, even when I just look at food. well, jim IT is related to how much you eat, the type of food you eat and when you eat your meals. Hello, mister smith. This is Emily. I woke up this morning with a fever and an upset stomach, so i'm afraid I won't be able to tend the meeting today. I'm sorry to hear that. Please take care of yourself and . get some rest. thanks. Hello, mister smith. This is Emily. I woke up this morning with a fever and an upset stomach, so i'm afraid I won't be able to tend the meeting today. I'm sorry to hear that. Please take care of yourself and get some rest. thanks. These seats are terrible, I can hardly see anything about the performance I know. but what do you expect for the Price we paid? These seats are terrible, I can hardly see anything about the performance I know. but what do you expect for the Price we paid? Lisa, I saw you wearing AT shirt with a racing car. I didn't realize you were into IT. Yes, I usually go to one or two races a year. IT makes me think twice when I consider the cost. I can't handle such fast movement of IT. Lisa, I saw you wearing AT shirt with a racing car. I didn't realize you were into IT. Yes, I usually go to one or two races a year. IT makes me think twice when I consider the cost. I can't handle such fast movement of IT. SAndra, when you return the car this time, please fill IT up with petrol. Okay. I always do. You don't have to remind me of such . a simple thing. Well, sanda, last time I was empty, I was late to work as I had to fill IT up. SAndra, when you return the car this time, please fill IT up with petrol. Okay. I always do. You don't have to remind me of such a simple thing. Well, SAndra, last time I was empty, I was late to work as I had to fill IT up. You're finally moving out of the city. Yes, I loved my convenient apartment, but now I want a quiet country house with more land and room for my kids. Your family will love this. You're finally moving out . of the city. Yes, I loved my convenient apartment, but now I want a quiet country house with more land and room for my kids. Your family will love this.
Remember, the goal is accurate data, not speed. If you finish early, do not start a new experiment. Instead, clean your work space throughly. But people didn't believe her until french author john put a hole in the nineteen eighties, was asked to write an article about cooking. In the past, he had heard about the text, so he went to a yield university and found out that they were indeed about food. Excuse me, I just arrived on the flight from melbourne and my suitcases missing. We're very sorry, sir. Could you put down your information in this form? We'll do everything we can to find your suitcase. Tell us about your state of mind before . you started. Well, my heart was racing for a few moments. I mean, it's a huge wall above you with a glass smooth surface and no handholds. The project . has already had a real world effect. The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their communities. IT has everything big cities offer, cafes, theatres, museum, but IT is still relaxing and manageable. Unlike london, you don't feel constant pressure here. I did jogging now and then, but IT was so boring, so I changed to weight lifting, but I was so demanding, and I was afraid of getting injured. so I went bike riding. Oh, I see, you need to be consistent. I suggest you do different kinds of exercise on one day or on different days of the week. This will help hold your interest so you can keep coming back. Hello, mister waterman, this is Sarah Jones. I'm stuck on the highway. There is a serious accident. I'm afraid I can't arrive before noon. Could we meet this afternoon? I started an art project called underwater home owners association and painted numbers on to thousands of large signs. Each number showed how high someone's house was above sea level. A one would mean that if the sea level rose one foot, the building would flood.
Oh, my goodness, I can't believe that you really didn't have to do this sense. The kids and I work together to make this day extra special for you up IT and see. Thank you so much. Sweet heart. This means the world to me. It's difficult for me to eat healthy. Eating vegetables is like pulling teeth for me. Here's something that works for me. I mix vegetables together and milk and frozen bananas. I know that sounds terrible, but IT actually takes great. I try to eat well. So thanks. IT says, here, there are eight to your account. That's so strange. I just returned five of them in the morning, so I should only say three. Okay, no problem. Let me just check those that you returned. The system has been acting up since the afternoon. I'll be back in five minutes. I think i'll leave this here and come back tomorrow. I really have to get going, or i'll miss the last bus. The interesting thing about playing card games in competition is how the watching crowd affects your ability to make decisions. Card games are all about thinking about moves. This is something we all have to do everyday. The cool thing about card games is that they keep your thoughts away from everything else. IT is pure thinking, but in competitions, people make simple mistakes that would seem crazy when playing for fun. In real life, we don't get to see our decisions and their results so clearly. As with card games, however, people watching and judging your moves affects your thinking more than you can imagine. For me, that is the real lesson of card games. IT is a lesson I still remember as an adult.