Unit 2 Inspiring People 单元词汇重难点、易错点精练（知识清单）2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦“Unit 2 Inspiring People”词汇重难点，涵盖核心词汇背默、句子语境运用、语篇综合应用三大范畴，搭建从夯实词汇基础到深化语境理解再到提升语篇运用能力的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分层练习设计构建完整知识体系，基础练的单词变形模块系统呈现inspire→inspiring→inspiration等词形关联，培养学生语言能力；进阶练的单选用法题如“admire scientists”强化词汇搭配规则，提升思维品质。特别设计“核心短语默写”和“语篇填空”，如“实现梦想”对应come true的语境应用，帮助不同水平学生高效掌握，教师可据此设计分层教学，助力学生自主学习与课堂实效提升。

Unit 2 Inspiring People 词汇重难点、易错点精练 目录 · 基础练 单元核心重点词汇背默练：通过背默单元核心重点词汇，夯实词汇基础，打牢根基。 · 进阶练 词汇句子语境练：在核心重点词汇背默练基础上，通过句子练习词汇，体会词汇在具体语境中的用法，熟悉词汇的搭配规则和适用场景，深化对词汇的理解与运用能力。 · 拓展练 词汇语篇综合练：结合单元主题，将词汇融入综合性语篇练习中，训练在完整语篇中灵活运用词汇的能力，同时帮助建立词汇和主题语境的关联，提升综合语言运用能力 重点词汇背默练 一、单词默写 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的;激励的 admire v. 钦佩;赞赏 historian n. 历史学家 researcher n. 研究人员 chemist n. 化学家 physicist n. 物理学家 hunger n. 饥饿 chemistry n. 化学 calendar n. 日历 discovery n. 发现 century n. 世纪 wounded adj. 受伤的;负伤的 soldier n. 士兵 nation n. 国家;民族 spread v.&n. 传播;散布 disease n. 疾病 pioneer n.先驱;先锋 admirable adj. 令人钦佩的 balance n.平衡; v.保持平衡 courage n. 勇气;勇敢 wisdom n. 智慧;学问 inspiration n. 鼓舞人心的人(或事物) brave adj. 勇敢的;无畏的; v. 勇敢面对;经受(困难) necessary adj. 必要的;必需的 western adj. 西方的;西部的 scientific adj. 科学(上)的 whole adj. 所有的;完全的 bank n. 银行 forever adv. 永远 radio n. 无线电;收音机 collection n. 收集物;收藏品 exploration n. 探索 universe n. 宇宙 socialism n. 社会主义 hole n. 洞;孔 daughter n. 女儿 herself pron. 她自己;她本人 flight n.飞行;航班 inventor n. 发明家 thinker n. 思想家 period n. 时期;一段时间 kindness n. 善良 whether conj. 是否 二、核心短语默写 drop out (of sth) 辍学;不再参加 the spread of diseases 疾病传播 look up to sb 钦佩;仰慕 childhood dream 童年梦想 come true 实现;成为现实 stand up for the common people 为普通人发声 one’s whole life 某人的一生 China’s seed banks 中国种子库 leave behind 留下;遗留 live on 继续存在;继续活着 scientific exploration 科学探索 above all 最重要的是;尤其是 三、单词变形 inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的;激励的→ inspire v.鼓舞→ inspiration n.鼓舞人心的人(或事物) admire v.钦佩;赞赏→ admiration n.钦佩→ admirable adj.令人钦佩的 historian n.历史学家→ history n.历史→ historical adj.历史的 researcher n.研究人员→ research v.&n.研究 chemist n.化学家→ chemistry n.化学→ chemical adj.化学的 physicist n.物理学家→ physics n.物理→ physical adj.物理的 hunger n.饥饿→ hungry adj.饥饿的 chemistry n.化学→ chemical adj.化学的 discovery n.发现→ discover v.发现 wounded adj.受伤的;负伤的→ wound v.使受伤; n.伤口 nation n.国家;民族→ national adj.国家的 admirable adj.令人钦佩的→ admire v.钦佩→ admiration n.钦佩 balance n.平衡; v.保持平衡→ balanced adj.平衡的 courage n.勇气;勇敢→ courageous adj.勇敢的 wisdom n.智慧;学问→ wise adj.聪明的→ wisely adv.明智地 brave adj.勇敢的;无畏的; v.勇敢面对→ bravery n.勇敢→ bravely adv.勇敢地 necessary adj.必要的;必需的→ necessarily adv.必要地→ unnecessary adj.不必要的 western adj.西方的;西部的→ west n.西方 scientific adj.科学(上)的→ science n.科学→ scientist n.科学家 biologist n.生物学家→ biology n.生物学 collection n.收集物;收藏品→ collect v.收集 exploration n.探索→ explore v.探索 flight n.飞行;航班→ fly v.飞 inventor n.发明家→ invent v.发明→ invention n.发明 thinker n.思想家→ think v.想;思考→ thought n.想法;思想 kindness n.善良→ kind adj.善良的→ kindly adv.友善地 词汇句子语境练 一、根据提示填写单词 1．The w_________ class cheered when the teacher announced the field trip. 【答案】whole 【详解】句意：当老师宣布实地考察时，全班都欢呼起来。空格后为名词class，需要形容词修饰；结合首字母w，固定搭配the whole class表示“全班同学”，whole作形容词意为“全部的、整个的”，故填whole。 2．We need s________ methods to do scientific experiments correctly. 【答案】scientific 【详解】句意：我们需要科学的方法来正确开展科学实验。根据句意和首字母s，scientific是形容词，意为“科学的”，放在名词methods前作定语；scientific methods表示“科学方法”，与后文scientific experiments前后呼应，符合科学实验的语境。 3．Space e________ is full of challenges but also full of surprises. 【答案】exploration 【详解】句意：太空探索充满挑战，但也充满惊喜。所给首字母为e，结合“Space”和“full of challenges but also full of surprises”可知，需要填入一个表示“探索”的名词，英文单词为exploration，符合语境。此处为抽象含义，不可数名词。 4．The great works he created will last f________. 【答案】forever 【详解】句意：他创作的伟大作品将永垂不朽。根据首字母提示和“The great works he created”可知，此处表示伟大的作品会“永远”流传下去。副词 forever“永远”符合语境，修饰动词last。故填forever。 5．We all a________ people who have strong courage and wisdom. 【答案】admire 【详解】句意：我们都欣赏拥有勇气和智慧的人。结合首字母提示“a”和句意可知，admire意为“钦佩，赞赏”，符合语境；本句是一般现在时，主语we是第一人称复数，谓语用动词原形。故填admire。 6．She is full of c________ and she dares to face all difficulties. 【答案】courage 【详解】句意：她充满勇气，敢于直面所有困难。固定搭配“be full of ”后需要接名词；后半句句意 “她敢于直面所有困难”，结合首字母，敢于直面困难对应的品质就是勇气。表“勇气”的名词是courage。故填courage。 7．A________ all, we look up to people with kindness and wisdom. 【答案】Above 【详解】句意：最重要的是，我们敬仰那些有善良和智慧的人。根据首字母“A”和“all”可知，固定搭配“above all”意为“最重要的是”，符合语境。句首首字母大写，应填Above。 8．This c________ of old photos records great people’s life stories. 【答案】collection 【详解】句意：这组旧照片记录了伟人的人生故事。根据首字母“c”及“old photos”可知，此处应填名词“collection”，表示“收藏品，一组”，“a collection of”表示“一组，一批”。应填collection。 9．The famous h________ studies stories of old Chinese dynasties. 【答案】historian 【详解】句意：这位著名的历史学家研究中国古代王朝的史事。根据首字母提示和“studies stories of old Chinese dynasties”可知，名词historian“历史学家”符合语境，结合动词studies，可知主语是单数。 10．The g________ is trying to improve people’s lives. 【答案】government 【详解】句意：政府正努力改善人们的生活，空格前有定冠词The，空格后be动词为is，需填入单数名词作句子主语，结合改善民生的语境与首字母g，government符合语法和语义要求。 11．Tu Youyou, a famous Chinese ________ (科学家), won the Nobel Prize for her great work in medicine. 【答案】scientist 【详解】句意：屠呦呦，一位著名的中国科学家，因其在医学上的杰出工作而获得了诺贝尔奖。“科学家”对应英文为名词scientist，前有不定冠词a修饰，所以用单数。 12．Heart ________ (疾病) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. 【答案】disease 【详解】句意：心脏病是全球主要致死原因之一。括号内中文为疾病，disease表示疾病，heart disease是固定搭配心脏病，此处作主语，符合句子逻辑及语境。 13．We often talk about interesting things in our ________ (童年). 【答案】childhood 【详解】句意：我们经常谈论我们的童年趣事。根据汉语提示可知，childhood表示“童年”。 14．Water is ________ (必要的) for all living things. 【答案】necessary 【详解】句意：水对所有生物来说都是必要的。根据汉语提示可知，necessary表示“必要的”，形容词作表语。 15．Many people died of ________ (饥饿) in the old days. 【答案】hunger 【详解】句意：在过去，很多人死于饥饿。hunger“饥饿”，不可数名词，作介词of的宾语。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 16．Her _________ (kind) to stray animals made her beloved in the neighbourhood. 【答案】kindness 【详解】句意：她对流浪动物的善意让她在附近被喜爱。形容词性物主代词her后接名词，kind的名词形式kindness符合语境，意为“善意”。 17．The speech by the young girl was so ________ (inspire) that everyone in the hall stood up and clapped. 【答案】inspiring 【详解】句意：那位年轻女孩的演讲非常鼓舞人心，大厅里的每个人都站起来鼓掌。系动词was后应用形容词作表语，修饰事物名词speech，用inspire的形容词形式inspiring，意为“令人鼓舞的，鼓舞人心的”。 18．Zhuangzi was a great ________ (think), and he wrote many meaningful stories. 【答案】thinker 【详解】句意：庄子是一位伟大的思想家，他写下了许多富有深意的故事。空格前有不定冠词a+形容词great，后面需要接单数可数名词，用来指代人（庄子），因此将动词think变为指人的名词thinker。 19．A local ________ (invent) made practical machines to help farmers process nuts. 【答案】inventor 【详解】句意：一个当地的发明家制造实用机器帮农民加工坚果。根据题干可知，不定冠词A和形容词local后，需要接可数名词单数作句子主语，invent对应的表人的名词是inventor，表示“发明家”。故填inventor。 20．Social progress will ________ (necessary) change people’s lifestyles. 【答案】necessarily 【详解】句意：社会进步必将改变人们的生活方式。necessary，“必要的；必然的”，形容词。空格修饰动词change，需副词作状语，副词necessarily表示“必然地，必定”，符合语境。 21．The young ________ (research) has made several important discoveries in history. 【答案】researcher 【详解】句意：这位年轻的研究员在历史学领域取得了多项重要发现。本句缺少主语，空格前young是形容词，形容词通常修饰名词，因此空格需要填入名词作主语。根据语境可知，做出科学发现的主体是“人”，因此需要将research变为researcher，表示“研究员”；再根据谓语动词“has made”可知，主语是单数名词。故填researcher。 22．What he has done has earned wide ________ (admire) in the village. 【答案】admiration 【详解】句意：他所做的一切在村里赢得了广泛的赞赏。“wide”为形容词，修饰名词；admire为动词，其名词形式为admiration，意为“赞赏、钦佩”，为不可数名词。“earn wide admiration”意为“赢得广泛赞赏”，符合语境。 23．This ________ (history) has spent years studying Sanxingdui’s bronze artifacts. 【答案】historian 【详解】句意：这位历史学家已经花费数年时间研究三星堆青铜器。history是名词，意思是“历史”； historian指历史学家，史学研究者，符合本句中 “人花费时间做研究” 的主语身份。空格前有指示代词this（这个），后面需要接单数可数名词，故填historian。 24．She is full of ________ (wise) and courage. 【答案】wisdom 【详解】句意：她充满智慧和勇气。wise“明智的”，形容词；空处在介词of后，且与courage构成并列关系，因此需填写提示词的名词形式wisdom，意为“智慧”，不可数名词。 25．The ________ (discover) of the site of Sanxingdui excited many people across China. 【答案】discovery 【详解】句意：三星堆遗址的发现让全中国许多人感到兴奋。定冠词The后需接名词，discover是动词，其名词形式为discovery。 三、单项选择 26．With this scholarship, my plan to study abroad can ________. A．come back B．come true C．come out D．come across 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有了这笔奖学金，我出国留学的计划就能实现了。 come back回来；come true实现；come out出版、出现；come across偶然遇见。根据“plan to study abroad”可知，此处指计划“实现”，应填come true。 27．It’s ________ for you to keep secrets for your friends. In this way, you can win their trust. A．strange B．necessary C．impossible D．lucky 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为你朋友保守秘密是必要的。通过这种方式，你可以赢得他们的信任。 strange奇怪的；necessary必要的；impossible不可能的；lucky幸运的。根据“In this way, you can win their trust.”可知，保守秘密是赢得信任的重要条件，因此这样做是必要的，应填necessary。 28．—Who should be responsible for this terrible traffic accident? —It’s not the right time to discuss that.________, we should send her to hospital. A．After all B．Above all C．In all D．At all 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谁该为这场严重的交通事故负责？——现在不是讨论这个的时候。最重要的是，我们应该送她去医院。 After all毕竟；Above all最重要的是；In all总共；At all根本。根据“we should send her to hospital”可知，送医是最重要、最优先的事，应填Above all。 29．We all ________ scientists who devote their lives to scientific research. A．admire B．accept C．achieve D．allow 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们都钦佩那些把一生奉献给科学研究的科学家。 admire钦佩；accept接受；achieve实现；allow允许。根据“devote their lives to scientific research”可知，科学家无私奉献值得尊敬，应填admire。 30．Many volunteers work hard to fight against ________ in poor areas. A．hunger B．danger C．illness D．trouble 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多志愿者努力工作，在贫困地区对抗饥饿。 hunger饥饿，为不可数名词；danger危险；illness疾病；trouble麻烦、困难。固定短语“fight against hunger”表示“对抗饥饿、消除饥荒”，贴合句意，应选hunger。 31．As a good ________, you should always ask questions and think actively in class. A．learner B．learn C．learning D．learned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：作为一名优秀的学习者，你应该在课堂上积极提问和主动思考。 形容词good后需接名词，应是作为一名优秀的学习者，learner（名词，学习者）符合句意。 32．The great contributions of scientists will be remembered ________. A．forever B．recently C．suddenly D．simply 【答案】A 【详解】句意：科学家们的巨大贡献将永远被人们铭记。 forever永远；recently最近；suddenly突然；simply简单地、仅仅。根据“The great contributions of scientists”可知，贡献会永远被记住，forever符合语境。 33．It’s important to ________ study and rest for students. A．balance B．benefit C．believe D．belong 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对学生来说平衡学习和休息很重要。 balance保持平衡；benefit有益于；believe相信；belong属于。balance A and B意为“平衡A与B”，符合“平衡学习和休息”的句意，应填balance。 34．He is ________ enough to face all kinds of difficulties in life. A．shy B．brave C．strict D．smart 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他足够勇敢去面对生活中各种各样的困难。 shy害羞的；brave勇敢的；strict严格的；smart聪明的。根据后半句“to face all kinds of difficulties in life”（面对生活中各种各样的困难）可知，此处需要表达“勇敢”的含义，因此填brave。 35．This custom has lasted for a ________. It is still popular among people today. A．century B．team C．mile D．date 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这一习俗已延续了一个世纪，至今仍广受欢迎。 century世纪；team队；mile英里；date日期。“a century ”符合“延续很久”的语境，应填century。 36．She can speak English ________. She talks with foreigners without difficulty. A．as a result B．from now on C．with ease D．in time 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她能轻松地说英语，与外国人交流也毫无困难。 as a result“所以”；from now on“从此”；with ease“轻松地”；in time“及时”。with ease介词短语，在句中作状语，功能等同于副词，用来修饰动词speak，和后文without difficulty（毫无困难）表意一致，故选C。 37．She ________ helps others in need. Everyone likes her very much. A．greatly B．especially C．actively D．actually 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她积极帮助有需要的人，大家都非常喜欢她。 greatly大大地；especially尤其；actively积极地；actually实际上。根据后句“Everyone likes her very much”可知，此处表达她主动热心助人，actively符合语境。 38．Don’t ________ your bag. It contains all your important things. A．base on B．leave behind C．come along D．get across 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请勿落下你的包，里面装有你所有重要的物品。 base on以……为基础；leave behind落下；come along进展；get across被理解；根据后句“It contains all your important things.”可知，前面是提醒不要把包遗落，应填leave behind。 39．The local government is trying its best to help the people in the poor mountain area get out of ________. A．poor B．anger C．hungry D．hunger 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当地政府正在尽最大努力帮助贫困山区的人们摆脱饥饿。 poor贫穷的；anger愤怒；hungry饥饿的；hunger饥饿。根据“get out of”可知，of是介词，后面需要接名词作宾语，排除形容词A和C；结合“poor mountain area”贫困山区的语境，人们需要摆脱的是饥饿或贫困。应填hunger。 40．Confucius is respected by people all over the world for his deep ________ and great thoughts. A．wise B．curious C．wisdom D．wisely 【答案】C 【详解】句意：孔子因其深厚的智慧和伟大的思想而受到全世界人民的尊敬。 wise聪明的；curious好奇的；wisdom智慧；wisely明智地。根据“his deep”可知，形容词性物主代词his和形容词deep后应接名词，且与后面的“great thoughts”构成并列关系，结合句意孔子因“智慧”受尊敬，wisdom符合题意。 词汇语篇综合练 四、完形填空 Liang Wenfeng is a(n) 41 figure in the world of artificial intelligence (AI). He is the founder of DeepSeek, a company that has made a difference to the 42 of AI. Liang’s journey is an inspiring story of innovation (创新) and hard work. Many young people 43 him. Born in a small town, Liang showed a strong interest in technology from a young age. His love for technology 44 him to study at university. There, he not only got 45 but also developed a deep understanding of AI. After graduation, Liang joined a leading tech company, where he quickly made a name for 46 . He led several important projects and won many prizes for his work. 47 , he was not satisfied with just working for someone else. He had a dream of creating something truly groundbreaking. In 2023, he started his own company called DeepSeek. Under Liang’s leadership, DeepSeek has achieved huge success. The company focuses on developing advanced AI technologies that can 48 real-world problems. The innovation has not only helped businesses make better decisions but also opened up new possibilities for the future of AI. Liang 49 that the key to success is to keep learning. He often says, “The world is changing quickly, and we must be ready to face new challenges.” His hard work and 50 have made DeepSeek a leader in the AI industry. 41．A．modern B．common C．usual D．admirable 42．A．prediction B．team C．field D．space 43．A．look after B．look up to C．laugh at D．look for 44．A．agreed B．invited C．caught D．led 45．A．tradition B．knowledge C．surprise D．happiness 46．A．him B．her C．himself D．herself 47．A．However B．Therefore C．Instead D．Besides 48．A．deal B．solve C．choose D．miss 49．A．plans B．supposes C．hopes D．believes 50．A．competitions B．surprises C．wisdom D．differences 【答案】41．D 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．C 【导语】本文是一篇人物介绍类说明文，讲述了人工智能领域杰出人物梁文锋（Liang Wenfeng）的成长经历。 【详解】41．句意：梁文锋是人工智能领域中一位令人钦佩的人物。 后文介绍他的创新奋斗故事，说明他是AI界“值得敬佩”的人物，admirable贴合正面人物形象。 42．句意：他是DeepSeek的创始人，这家公司对人工智能领域产生了影响。 前文“artificial intelligence (AI) ”是专业领域，空格需对应“领域”名词。应选用field，表示“专业领域”，the field of AI为标准搭配，意为“人工智能领域”。 43．句意：很多年轻人崇拜他。 根据上文“his journey is an inspiring story（他的经历很励志）”，逻辑为年轻人敬佩他，look up to是固定搭配，意为“敬仰、崇拜”，符合语境。 44．句意：他对技术的热爱引领他进入大学学习。 主语“His love for technology（对科技的热爱）”是动因，后文是上大学的结果，存在因果驱动关系。应选用led（lead的过去式），表示“促使、驱使”。 45．句意：在那里，他不仅获得了知识，还对人工智能有了深入的理解。 根据地点状语“at university（在大学）”，并列结构not only...but also...，大学场景核心收获是“学识”。应选用knowledge，表示“知识、学识”，贴合大学学习的核心收获。 46．句意：他很快就为自己闯出了名堂。 根据固定短语make a name for oneself“成名、闯出名气”，主语是he，需对应第三人称男性反身代词himself，主语he的反身代词，满足固定短语语法要求。 47．句意：然而，他对仅仅为别人打工并不满足。 前文说他取得了很大成就，后文说他并不满足，前后构成转折关系。However表示“然而”，符合语境。 48．句意：公司专注于开发能够解决现实世界问题的高级人工智能技术。 solve表示“解决”，solve problems是固定搭配，意为“解决问题”，符合语境；deal需搭配with才能表示“处理”。 49．句意：梁文锋相信成功的关键在于不断学习。 空格后为that引导的宾语从句“the key to success is to keep learning（成功关键是持续学习）”，是人物主观观点，应选用believes，表示“坚信、认为”，后接观点类宾语从句，符合人物表达理念的语境。 50．句意：他的努力和智慧使DeepSeek成为人工智能行业的领导者。 空格和“hard work（努力）”并列，需正向抽象名词，指代他成功的内在优势。wisdom表示“智慧”，符合语境。 五、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每词限用一次。 win difficult brave kid stand competition she easy hard join Zhang Yufei, a Chinese swimmer, received the “Touching China Award 2023 (感动中国2023)”. “The champion (冠军) is not only the winner, but also the one who rises in 51 situations (情况),” Zhang said. Her great power in sports and her spirit of fighting 52 touched all of us. When Zhang was a 3-year-old 53 , she started to learn how to swim from her parents. In the beginning, it was not 54 for her. What’s worse, she was told that there was something wrong with her health. This made it more difficult for 55 to swim. However, the little girl didn’t give up. She practiced much 56 than before. Zhang met a lot of difficulties and she overcame (克服) all of them. She 57 on the first-prize podium (领奖台) in many games in different countries. In September, 2023, Zhang 58 in the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. During the 59 , Zhang caught a serious cold, but she still finished all her events and got six gold medals. Zhang Yufei 60 many gold medals in many swimming games so far, showing China’s strength and swimming skills to the world. Zhang Yufei’s story encourages us to study hard in life. No matter what trouble she meets, she never gives up easily. 【答案】51．difficult 52．bravely 53．kid 54．easy 55．her 56．harder 57．stood 58．joined 59．competition 60．has won 【导语】本文讲述了中国游泳运动员张雨霏获得“感动中国2023年度人物”，她从3岁开始学游泳，克服健康问题等困难，刻苦训练，在众多比赛中取得优异成绩，在2023年杭州亚运会上即使感冒仍获得六枚金牌，她的故事激励人们在生活中努力学习，不轻易放弃。 【详解】51．句意：“冠军不仅是赛事的获胜者，更是身处逆境仍能奋起的人。”张雨霏这样说道。根据语境，冠军不仅是获胜者，也是在困难情况下崛起的人，这里用形容词“difficult”修饰“situations”。 52．句意：她在体育方面的强大实力以及勇敢拼搏的精神触动了我们所有人。此处需要一个副词修饰动词“fighting”，“brave”的副词形式“bravely”表示勇敢地，她勇敢战斗的精神感动了我们所有人。 53．句意：当张雨霏还是个3岁的孩子时，她开始跟着父母学习游泳。3-year-old后接名词，此处表示“三岁的小孩”，“kid”表示孩子，符合语境。 54．句意：起初，对她来说并不容易。一开始，对她来说并不容易，形容词“easy”符合语义。 55．句意：这使得她游泳更加困难了。这里“for”是介词，后接宾格，需“her”指代张雨霏，对她来说游泳更困难了。 56．句意：她比以前练习得刻苦多了。由“than before”可知，这里是比较级，她比以前练习更努力，“hard”的比较级是“harder”。 57．句意：她曾在不同国家的多场赛事中登上冠军领奖台。她在许多不同国家的比赛中站在一等奖领奖台上，“stand”表示站立，结合语境，此句的句意中有“曾在……”，可知，是过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，“stand”用过去式“stood”。 58．句意：2023年9月，张雨霏参加了在杭州举办的第19届亚运会。空处缺谓语，根据“in the 19th Asian Games”可知，空处指“加入”，“join”表示参加，因为时间是2023年9月，所以“join”用过去式“joined”。 59．句意：比赛期间，她患上了严重的感冒，但仍坚持完成了所有参赛项目，最终斩获六枚金牌。此处表示“比赛期间”，“competition”表示比赛，符合语境。 60．句意：截至目前，张雨霏已在多项游泳赛事中斩获多枚金牌，向世界展现了中国的实力与游泳竞技水平。so far”是现在完成时的标志词，其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“Zhang Yufei”是第三人称单数，所以用“has won”。 六、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yuan Longping is one of the most inspiring 61 (pioneer) in the world. All people look up 62 him for his great spirit. When he was young, he had a hard 63 (child). He saw lots of people die of 64 (hungry), so he made up his mind to study agriculture. It was 65 (necessary) for him to find better rice 66 (seed). At first, many people didn’t believe his 67 (discover). But he kept doing 68 (science) research day and night. He kept a 69 (balance) between work and rest, and showed great 70 (brave) when facing difficulties. His story brings much 71 (inspire) to students all over the world. The 72 (west) countries also learn from his research. His spirit will live 73 forever in our hearts, and we won’t leave it 74 . He teaches us 75 we should keep working hard for mankind. 【答案】61．pioneers 62．to 63．childhood 64．hunger 65．necessary 66．seeds 67．discovery 68．scientific 69．balance 70．bravery 71．inspiration 72．Western 73．on 74．behind 75．that 【导语】本文介绍了袁隆平院士投身水稻研究的初衷与经历，赞颂了他坚持不懈的奋斗精神，阐述了他的研究成果与精神对全世界的深远影响。 【详解】61．句意：袁隆平是世界上最鼓舞人心的先驱之一。此处使用结构one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，因此用pioneer的复数形式pioneers。 62．句意：所有人都因他伟大的精神而敬仰他。此处使用短语look up to sb.，意为“尊敬某人”，因此填介词to。 63．句意：他年少时度过了艰苦的童年。空格被形容词“hard”修饰，需要填名词；child表示“孩子”，此处表示“童年”，因此转换为childhood。 64．句意：他亲眼见到许多人死于饥饿，因此下定决心研究农业。空格作“die of”的宾语，需要填名词；形容词hungry的名词形式是hunger。 65．句意：对他而言，找到更优良的稻种十分必要。上文“made up his mind to study agriculture”提到袁隆平目睹人们饿死、下定决心研究农业，且此处使用句型it was +形容词+ for sb. to do sth.，意为“做某事对某人来说……”，填入形容词necessary。 66．句意：对他而言，找到更优良的稻种十分必要。此处泛指多类优良稻种，seed是可数名词，因此用复数形式seeds。 67．句意：起初，很多人不相信他的发现。空格被形容词性物主代词“his”修饰，需要填名词；discover是动词“发现”，因此转换为名词discovery。 68．句意：但他依旧夜以继日地坚持开展科学研究。空格修饰名词“research”，需要填形容词；science的形容词形式是scientific，scientific research意为“科学研究”。 69．句意：他平衡了工作与休息，面对困难时展现出了极大的勇气。此处使用搭配keep a balance between…and…，意为“保持两者平衡”，填入名词balance。 70．句意：他平衡了工作与休息，面对困难时展现出了极大的勇气。空格被形容词“great”修饰，需要填名词；brave是形容词“勇敢的”，因此转换为不可数名词bravery。 71．句意：他的故事给全世界的学生带来了诸多激励。空格被“much”修饰，需要填不可数名词；inspire是动词“激励”，因此转换为名词inspiration。 72．句意：西方国家也学习借鉴他的研究成果。空格修饰名词“countries”，需要填形容词；west是名词“西方”，因此转换为形容词western。Western作为表特定区域阵营的专有形容词，修饰“countries”时需要大写首字母。 73．句意：他的精神将长存于我们心中，我们不会将它遗忘。此处使用短语live on，表示“长存、继续流传”，符合“精神永远留存在心中”的语意，因此填介词on。 74．句意：他的精神将长存于我们心中，我们不会将它遗忘。此处使用短语leave sth. behind，表示“遗忘、抛下”，符合“我们不会忘记他的精神”的语意，因此填介词behind。 75．句意：他教会我们应当始终为全人类的福祉努力奋斗。空格后作“teaches”的宾语从句，从句结构完整、语意完整，因此用that引导宾语从句。 $ Unit 2 Inspiring People 词汇重难点、易错点精练 目录 · 基础练 单元核心重点词汇背默练：通过背默单元核心重点词汇，夯实词汇基础，打牢根基。 · 进阶练 词汇句子语境练：在核心重点词汇背默练基础上，通过句子练习词汇，体会词汇在具体语境中的用法，熟悉词汇的搭配规则和适用场景，深化对词汇的理解与运用能力。 · 拓展练 词汇语篇综合练：结合单元主题，将词汇融入综合性语篇练习中，训练在完整语篇中灵活运用词汇的能力，同时帮助建立词汇和主题语境的关联，提升综合语言运用能力 重点词汇背默练 一、单词默写 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ___________ adj. 鼓舞人心的;激励的 ___________ v. 钦佩;赞赏 ___________ n. 历史学家 ___________ n. 研究人员 ___________ n. 化学家 ___________ n. 物理学家 ___________ n. 饥饿 ___________ n. 化学 ___________ n. 日历 ___________ n. 发现 ___________ n. 世纪 ___________ adj. 受伤的;负伤的 ___________ n. 士兵 ___________ n. 国家;民族 ___________ v.&n. 传播;散布 ___________ n. 疾病 ___________ n.先驱;先锋 ___________ adj. 令人钦佩的 ___________ n.平衡; v.保持平衡 ___________ n. 勇气;勇敢 ___________ n. 智慧;学问 ___________ n. 鼓舞人心的人(或事物) ___________ adj. 勇敢的;无畏的; v. 勇敢面对;经受(困难) ___________ adj. 必要的;必需的 ___________ adj. 西方的;西部的 ___________ adj. 科学(上)的 ___________ adj. 所有的;完全的 ___________ n. 银行 ___________ adv. 永远 ___________ n. 无线电;收音机 ___________ n. 收集物;收藏品 ___________ n. 探索 ___________ n. 宇宙 ___________ n. 社会主义 ___________ n. 洞;孔 ___________ n. 女儿 ___________ pron. 她自己;她本人 ___________ n.飞行;航班 ___________ n. 发明家 ___________ n. 思想家 ___________ n. 时期;一段时间 ___________ n. 善良 ___________ conj. 是否 二、核心短语默写 _____________________ 辍学;不再参加 _____________________ 疾病传播 _____________________ 钦佩;仰慕 _____________________ 童年梦想 _____________________ 实现;成为现实 _____________________ 为普通人发声 _____________________ 某人的一生 _____________________ 中国种子库 _____________________ 留下;遗留 _____________________ 继续存在;继续活着 _____________________ 科学探索 _____________________ 最重要的是;尤其是 三、单词变形 inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的;激励的→ ___________ v.鼓舞→ ___________ n.鼓舞人心的人(或事物) admire v.钦佩;赞赏→ ___________ n.钦佩→ ___________ adj.令人钦佩的 historian n.历史学家→ ___________ n.历史→ ___________ adj.历史的 researcher n.研究人员→ ___________ v.&n.研究 chemist n.化学家→ ___________ n.化学→ ___________ adj.化学的 physicist n.物理学家→ ___________ n.物理→ ___________ adj.物理的 hunger n.饥饿→ ___________ adj.饥饿的 chemistry n.化学→ ___________ adj.化学的 discovery n.发现→ ___________ v.发现 wounded adj.受伤的;负伤的→ ___________ v.使受伤; n.伤口 nation n.国家;民族→ ___________ adj.国家的 admirable adj.令人钦佩的→ ___________ v.钦佩→ ___________ n.钦佩 balance n.平衡; v.保持平衡→ ___________ adj.平衡的 courage n.勇气;勇敢→ ___________ adj.勇敢的 wisdom n.智慧;学问→ ___________ adj.聪明的→ ___________ adv.明智地 brave adj.勇敢的;无畏的; v.勇敢面对→ ___________ n.勇敢→ ___________ adv.勇敢地 necessary adj.必要的;必需的→ ___________ adv.必要地→ ___________ adj.不必要的 western adj.西方的;西部的→ ___________ n.西方 scientific adj.科学(上)的→ ___________ n.科学→ ___________ n.科学家 biologist n.生物学家→ ___________ n.生物学 collection n.收集物;收藏品→ ___________ v.收集 exploration n.探索→ ___________ v.探索 flight n.飞行;航班→ ___________ v.飞 inventor n.发明家→ ___________ v.发明→ ___________ n.发明 thinker n.思想家→ ___________ v.想;思考→ ___________ n.想法;思想 kindness n.善良→ ___________ adj.善良的→ ___________ adv.友善地 词汇句子语境练 一、根据提示填写单词 1．The w_________ class cheered when the teacher announced the field trip. 2．We need s________ methods to do scientific experiments correctly. 3．Space e________ is full of challenges but also full of surprises. 4．The great works he created will last f________. 5．We all a________ people who have strong courage and wisdom. 6．She is full of c________ and she dares to face all difficulties. 7．A________ all, we look up to people with kindness and wisdom. 8．This c________ of old photos records great people’s life stories. 9．The famous h________ studies stories of old Chinese dynasties. 10．The g________ is trying to improve people’s lives. 11．Tu Youyou, a famous Chinese ________ (科学家), won the Nobel Prize for her great work in medicine. 12．Heart ________ (疾病) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. 13．We often talk about interesting things in our ________ (童年). 14．Water is ________ (必要的) for all living things. 15．Many people died of ________ (饥饿) in the old days. 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 16．Her _________ (kind) to stray animals made her beloved in the neighbourhood. 17．The speech by the young girl was so ________ (inspire) that everyone in the hall stood up and clapped. 18．Zhuangzi was a great ________ (think), and he wrote many meaningful stories. 19．A local ________ (invent) made practical machines to help farmers process nuts. 20．Social progress will ________ (necessary) change people’s lifestyles. 21．The young ________ (research) has made several important discoveries in history. 22．What he has done has earned wide ________ (admire) in the village. 23．This ________ (history) has spent years studying Sanxingdui’s bronze artifacts. 24．She is full of ________ (wise) and courage. 25．The ________ (discover) of the site of Sanxingdui excited many people across China. 三、单项选择 26．With this scholarship, my plan to study abroad can ________. A．come back B．come true C．come out D．come across 27．It’s ________ for you to keep secrets for your friends. In this way, you can win their trust. A．strange B．necessary C．impossible D．lucky 28．—Who should be responsible for this terrible traffic accident? —It’s not the right time to discuss that.________, we should send her to hospital. A．After all B．Above all C．In all D．At all 29．We all ________ scientists who devote their lives to scientific research. A．admire B．accept C．achieve D．allow 30．Many volunteers work hard to fight against ________ in poor areas. A．hunger B．danger C．illness D．trouble 31．As a good ________, you should always ask questions and think actively in class. A．learner B．learn C．learning D．learned 32．The great contributions of scientists will be remembered ________. A．forever B．recently C．suddenly D．simply 33．It’s important to ________ study and rest for students. A．balance B．benefit C．believe D．belong 34．He is ________ enough to face all kinds of difficulties in life. A．shy B．brave C．strict D．smart 35．This custom has lasted for a ________. It is still popular among people today. A．century B．team C．mile D．date 36．She can speak English ________. She talks with foreigners without difficulty. A．as a result B．from now on C．with ease D．in time 37．She ________ helps others in need. Everyone likes her very much. A．greatly B．especially C．actively D．actually 38．Don’t ________ your bag. It contains all your important things. A．base on B．leave behind C．come along D．get across 39．The local government is trying its best to help the people in the poor mountain area get out of ________. A．poor B．anger C．hungry D．hunger 40．Confucius is respected by people all over the world for his deep ________ and great thoughts. A．wise B．curious C．wisdom D．wisely 词汇语篇综合练 四、完形填空 Liang Wenfeng is a(n) 41 figure in the world of artificial intelligence (AI). He is the founder of DeepSeek, a company that has made a difference to the 42 of AI. Liang’s journey is an inspiring story of innovation (创新) and hard work. Many young people 43 him. Born in a small town, Liang showed a strong interest in technology from a young age. His love for technology 44 him to study at university. There, he not only got 45 but also developed a deep understanding of AI. After graduation, Liang joined a leading tech company, where he quickly made a name for 46 . He led several important projects and won many prizes for his work. 47 , he was not satisfied with just working for someone else. He had a dream of creating something truly groundbreaking. In 2023, he started his own company called DeepSeek. Under Liang’s leadership, DeepSeek has achieved huge success. The company focuses on developing advanced AI technologies that can 48 real-world problems. The innovation has not only helped businesses make better decisions but also opened up new possibilities for the future of AI. Liang 49 that the key to success is to keep learning. He often says, “The world is changing quickly, and we must be ready to face new challenges.” His hard work and 50 have made DeepSeek a leader in the AI industry. 41．A．modern B．common C．usual D．admirable 42．A．prediction B．team C．field D．space 43．A．look after B．look up to C．laugh at D．look for 44．A．agreed B．invited C．caught D．led 45．A．tradition B．knowledge C．surprise D．happiness 46．A．him B．her C．himself D．herself 47．A．However B．Therefore C．Instead D．Besides 48．A．deal B．solve C．choose D．miss 49．A．plans B．supposes C．hopes D．believes 50．A．competitions B．surprises C．wisdom D．differences 五、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每词限用一次。 win difficult brave kid stand competition she easy hard join Zhang Yufei, a Chinese swimmer, received the “Touching China Award 2023 (感动中国2023)”. “The champion (冠军) is not only the winner, but also the one who rises in 51 situations (情况),” Zhang said. Her great power in sports and her spirit of fighting 52 touched all of us. When Zhang was a 3-year-old 53 , she started to learn how to swim from her parents. In the beginning, it was not 54 for her. What’s worse, she was told that there was something wrong with her health. This made it more difficult for 55 to swim. However, the little girl didn’t give up. She practiced much 56 than before. Zhang met a lot of difficulties and she overcame (克服) all of them. She 57 on the first-prize podium (领奖台) in many games in different countries. In September, 2023, Zhang 58 in the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. During the 59 , Zhang caught a serious cold, but she still finished all her events and got six gold medals. Zhang Yufei 60 many gold medals in many swimming games so far, showing China’s strength and swimming skills to the world. Zhang Yufei’s story encourages us to study hard in life. No matter what trouble she meets, she never gives up easily. 六、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yuan Longping is one of the most inspiring 61 (pioneer) in the world. All people look up 62 him for his great spirit. When he was young, he had a hard 63 (child). He saw lots of people die of 64 (hungry), so he made up his mind to study agriculture. It was 65 (necessary) for him to find better rice 66 (seed). At first, many people didn’t believe his 67 (discover). But he kept doing 68 (science) research day and night. He kept a 69 (balance) between work and rest, and showed great 70 (brave) when facing difficulties. His story brings much 71 (inspire) to students all over the world. The 72 (west) countries also learn from his research. His spirit will live 73 forever in our hearts, and we won’t leave it 74 . He teaches us 75 we should keep working hard for mankind. $