Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题完形填空10篇-2026-2027学年外研版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 本单元卷聚焦“考古发现与历史”话题，设10篇完形填空，分基础巩固与重难提升两层次，适配初中英语单元复习，通过真实考古情境与历史故事提升语言能力与文化意识。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10篇（约100题）|动词（如raise, discover）、名词（如information, strategy）、连词（如before, because）等基础词汇；考古（贺兰山岩画、兵马俑）、历史故事（特洛伊木马、空城计）等主题语境|情境融合文化传承（中国历史典故）与考古发现（天坑森林），问题设计从基础语境理解（如"how ancient people lived"）到复杂逻辑推理（如军事战术"trick"），梯度适配单元复习需求，培养语言运用与跨文化思维。|

Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题完形填空练习 单元话题：考古发现与历史 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 请阅读下面语篇，理解其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Walking in the park of Helanshan Rock Art Relics (遗迹) is like taking a walk through history. The park is in Yinchuan, Ningxia. Anyone will be 1 at the number of artworks and carvings (雕刻图案) on the rocks. The carvings were a book full of 2 before human beings knew how to read or write. And today they help us understand 3 ancient people lived. Rock carvings in the park 4 different objects, including animals, plants, etc. About 6,000 carvings have been found in the park area since the 1970s. “Rock art has 5 been found in many other places across China, but the park is the only place that has so many rock art pieces in one location,” said Mr. Zhang, an expert on rock art. This helps visitors learn more about ancient art, perhaps in a trip of just one 6 two hours. According to Zhang, the “histories on rock” were a kind of good way for humans to show their spiritual (精神的) world 7 words were created. Zhang said, “In a sense, rock art can be seen as a language. ” For the past few years, Zhang and his team have been 8 rock art. “Sometimes, we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing,” said Zhang. “It’s challenging work. ” Other experts and the local government have tried 9 best to protect it. And the Yinchuan World Rock Art Museum has opened to 10 people’s awareness (意识) of the need to protect rock carvings. 1．A．angry B．afraid C．upset D．surprised 2．A．information B．decisions C．population D．joy 3．A．whether B．how C．which D．if 4．A．understand B．cover C．discover D．receive 5．A．already B．yet C．ever D．never 6．A．so B．but C．or D．and 7．A．with B．by C．after D．before 8．A．setting up B．searching for C．discussing with D．worrying about 9．A．our B．your C．their D．its 10．A．cause B．make C．raise D．choose 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了位于宁夏银川的贺兰山岩画遗址公园，讲述了岩画作为古代人类记录生活和精神世界的重要载体，其丰富的内容、分布特点以及专家和保护者为研究和保护这些珍贵文化遗产所做出的努力。 1．句意：任何人都会对岩石上艺术作品和雕刻的数量感到惊讶。 根据语境，岩画数量巨大（后文提到约6000处），人们看到如此多的作品通常会感到惊奇，surprised“惊讶的”符合语境。angry“生气的”、afraid“害怕的”、upset“心烦的”均不符合参观历史遗迹时的正常情感反应。 2．句意：在人类懂得读写之前，这些雕刻就是一本充满信息的书。 岩画记录了古代人的生活、信仰等，相当于一种信息载体，information“信息”符合语境。decisions“决定”、population“人口”、joy“快乐”均不能全面概括岩画作为“书”所承载的历史和文化内容。 3．句意：如今，它们帮助我们了解古人是如何生活的。 此处引导宾语从句，表示生活方式或状态，how“如何”符合语境，即了解古人生活的情形。whether“是否”、which“哪一个”、if“如果/是否”均不符合“了解生活状况”的语义逻辑。 4．句意：公园里的岩石雕刻涵盖了不同的物体，包括动物、植物等。 主语是Rock carvings，宾语是different objects，cover“涵盖/包含”准确描述了岩画内容的广泛性，符合语境。understand“理解”、discover“发现”、receive“接收”均不能恰当表达岩画内容与物体之间的包含关系。 5．句意：“岩石艺术在中国其他许多地方也已被发现，但该公园是唯一一个在单一地点拥有如此多岩石艺术品的地方。” 句中使用了现在完成时has been found，且语境表示“已经”存在的事实，already“已经”常用于肯定句的完成时中，符合语境。yet“还/尚”多用于否定句或疑问句、ever“曾经”、never“从不”均不符合此处强调“已发现”的肯定语气。 6．句意：这有助于游客在一次可能持续一两个小时的旅行中了解更多关于古代艺术的知识。 one or two hours“一两个小时”是固定表达，表示概数，or“或者”符合语境。so“所以”、but“但是”、and“和”均不能连接数字构成此处的时间范围表达。 7．句意：据张先生说，“石头上的历史”是人类在文字被创造出来之前展示精神世界的一种好方式。 根据前文“before human beings knew how to read or write”可知，岩画出现在文字产生之前，before“在……之前”符合历史发展逻辑。with“随着”、by“通过”、after“在……之后”均与事实相反。 8．句意：在过去的几年里，张和他的团队一直在寻找岩画。 后文引用张先生的话“Sometimes, we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing”（有时我们花了一整天却一无所获），说明他们的工作性质是勘探和寻找，searching for“寻找”符合语境。setting up“建立”、discussing with“与……讨论”、worrying about“担心”均不符合野外考古工作的描述。 9．句意：其他专家和当地政府已尽力保护它。 主语是Other experts and the local government（复数，指代第三方），try one’s best是固定搭配，此处应用their“他们的”，符合语境。our“我们的”、your“你们的”、its“它的”均与人称不符。 10．句意：银川世界岩画博物馆已向公众开放，以提高人们保护岩刻的意识。 raise awareness“提高意识”是固定搭配，raise符合语境。cause“引起”、make“制作/使”、choose“选择”均不能与awareness构成地道的“提高意识”搭配。 阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A team of Chinese scientists have found a new giant sinkhole (天坑). It’s 192 meters deep. What did they find at the 1 ? An ancient forest! This 2 discovery was found in Leye County, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Leye County is known 3 the “museum of sinkholes” How do sinkholes form? “China has a karst landscape (喀斯特地貌),” Veni told Live Science. “Karst landscapes are made when rainwater 1 through little cracks (裂缝) in the ground. The cracks 2 grow into tunnels (隧道) and then big caves (洞穴). Over time, a cave can get too big. Then the top of it falls slowly, 3 huge sinkholes.” Why are sinkholes important? Besides looking cool, karst caves and sinkholes can be 1 to all kinds of plants, animals and microbes. The newly discovered one has ancient trees up to 40meters tall. “I wouldn’t be surprised to know that some species (物种) in these caves have never been 2 or described by science until now, said the leader of the exploration (探险) team, Chen Lixin. This is because the sinkholes are separate (分离的) from the outside world. That 3 an environment for new species to form. “Sinkholes also have deep stores of underground water. They are like nature’s water pipes (管道). They bring 4 to 700 million people worldwide,” Veni told Live Science. 1．A．end B．top C．bottom D．start 2．A．terrible B．amazing C．early D．careful 3．A．as B．for C．to D．with 4．A．returns B．forms C．climbs D．runs 5．A．luckily B．exactly C．slowly D．heavily 6．A．looking up B．dealing with C．setting off D．turning into 7．A．school B．home C．office D．house 8．A．left B．sold C．saved D．reported 9．A．hurts B．provides C．protects D．helps 10．A．rain B．snow C．water D．food 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家在广西乐业县发现的一个新天坑，讲述了天坑的形成过程及重要性。 1．句意：他们在底部发现了什么？一片古老的森林！ end结束；top顶部；bottom底部；start开始。根据前文“It’s 192 meters deep.”可知是在天坑“底部”发现森林，故选C。 2．句意：这个惊人的发现在广西壮族自治区乐业县被发现。 terrible糟糕的；amazing惊人的；early早的；careful仔细的。发现天坑底部的古老森林是“惊人的” 发现，故选B。 3．句意：乐业县以“天坑博物馆”而闻名。 as作为；for为了；to到；with和。固定搭配“be known as”表示“作为……而闻名”，故选A。 4．句意：喀斯特地貌是雨水从地面的小裂缝中流过形成的。 returns返回；forms形成；climbs攀爬；runs流淌。根据“rainwater”和“through little cracks in the ground”可知，雨水在裂缝中“流淌”符合语境，故选D。 5．句意：裂缝慢慢变成隧道，然后变成大洞穴。 luckily幸运地；exactly确切地；slowly慢慢地；heavily沉重地。根据“grow into tunnels and then big caves”可知，天坑形成是长期过程，裂缝“慢慢”变成隧道，故选C。 6．句意：然后它的顶部慢慢塌陷，变成巨大的天坑。 looking up查阅；dealing with处理；setting off出发；turning into变成。根据“huge sinkholes”可知，洞穴顶部塌陷“变成”天坑，故选D。 7．句意：除了看起来很酷，喀斯特洞穴和天坑可以成为各种植物、动物和微生物的家园。 school学校；home家园；office办公室；house房子。固定搭配“be home to”表示“是……的家园”，故选B。 8．句意：我不会惊讶于这些洞穴里的一些物种直到现在都没有被科学记录或描述过。 left离开；sold售卖；saved拯救；reported记录、报道。根据“or described by science until now”可知，物种需要被“记录/报道”后才会被科学认知，故选D。 9．句意：那为新物种的形成提供了环境。 hurts伤害；provides提供；protects保护；helps帮助。固定搭配“provide an environment for”表示“为……提供环境”，故选B。 10．句意：它们为全球7亿人带来水。 rain雨；snow雪；water水；food食物。根据前文“deep stores of underground water”可知天坑带来“水”，故选C。 Nathan is a middle school student. He often goes to a 1 to see the fossils (化石). And he always feels proud to see some of them. Why? Because he found them! Nathan got 2 plants and animals when he was very little and he wanted to be a paleontologist (古生物学家). One day, he went climbing with his father. They didn’t know a big 3 was waiting for them. After two hours of climbing, they finally reached the mountain top. When they were about to sit down and relax, Nathan 4 noticed a special fossil under his foot! He asked his 5 to come and have a look. Both of them were surprised. They took some photos of the fossil and sent 6 to the workers in the museum. Soon, some of the workers 7 . It turned out that the fossil was a bone from the arm of a duck-billed dinosaur (鸭嘴龙). Later, the workers found more bones there. Everyone was 8 . The dinosaur was a very important find 9 it was from about 69 million years ago. “You see, Dad? I know I will 10 a paleontologist some day,” Nathan said excitedly. His father’s smile said everything. 1．A．zoo B．lab C．company D．museum 2．A．afraid of B．interested in C．worried about D．proud of 3．A．surprise B．problem C．collection D．fantasy 4．A．still B．ever C．suddenly D．usually 5．A．father B．mother C．uncle D．friend 6．A．it B．them C．him D．her 7．A．forgot B．relaxed C．arrived D．left 8．A．down B．excited C．lucky D．lonely 9．A．because B．or C．but D．so 10．A．name B．follow C．trust D．become 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了内森从小对古生物感兴趣，一次爬山时突然发现鸭嘴龙化石，博物馆工作人员赶到后确认这是6900万年前的重要发现。他因此更加坚定未来要成为古生物学家的梦想。 1．句意：他经常去博物馆看化石。 zoo动物园；lab实验室；company公司；museum博物馆。根据“see the fossils”可知，看化石应该是去博物馆。故选D。 2．句意：内森很小的时候就对动植物产生了兴趣，他想成为一名古生物学家。 afraid of害怕；interested in对……感兴趣；worried about担心；proud of以……为傲。根据“he wanted to be a paleontologist”可知，内森很小的时候就对动植物产生了兴趣。故选B。 3．句意：他们不知道有一个大惊喜在等着他们。 surprise惊喜；problem问题；collection收藏品；fantasy幻想。根据“When they were about to sit down and relax, Nathan... noticed a special fossil under his foot! He asked his... to come and have a look. Both of them were surprised.”可知，内森发现了化石，这是一个惊喜。故选A。 4．句意：当他们正要坐下休息时，内森突然注意到脚下有一块特殊的化石！ still仍然；ever曾经；suddenly突然；usually通常。根据“Nathan... noticed a special fossil under his foot”可知，此处指突然发现脚下的化石。故选C。 5．句意：他叫他父亲过来看一看。 father父亲；mother母亲；uncle叔叔；friend朋友。根据“he went climbing with his father”可知，内森是和他的父亲一起爬山的，所以是喊父亲过来看一看。故选A。 6．句意：他们给化石拍了一些照片，寄给博物馆的工作人员。 it它；them它们；him他；her她。根据“They took some photos of the fossil and sent... to the workers in the museum.”可知，此处指把拍的照片寄给博物馆工作人员，应用代词them。故选B。 7．句意：很快，一些工作人员来了。 forgot忘记；relaxed放松；arrived到达；left离开。根据“some of the workers...”可知，此处指博物馆工作人员收到照片后到达现场考察化石。故选C。 8．句意：每个人都很兴奋。 down沮丧；excited兴奋的；lucky幸运的；lonely孤独的。根据“the workers found more bones there”可知，发现恐龙化石应该是让人兴奋。故选B。 9．句意：这种恐龙是一个非常重要的发现，因为它来自大约6900万年前。 because因为；or或者；but但是；so所以。根据“The dinosaur was a very important find... it was from about 69 million years ago.”可知，横线前后是因果关系，前果后因。故选A。 10．句意：“你看，爸爸？我知道有一天我会成为一名古生物学家，”内森兴奋地说。 name命名；follow跟随；trust信任；become成为。根据“a paleontologist”可知，此处指成为一名古生物学家。故选D。 阅读下面的短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The captain (首领) 1 tall on the high, ancient wall of the city of Troy (特洛伊), overlooking the once war-torn land. “The Greeks (希腊人) have finally gone, and we’ve 2 ,” he said. “They’ve tried to capture (占领) our city for fourteen years. Now they’ve given up and sailed away!” “ 3 look over there,” a soldier (士兵) said. “They’ve left a huge wooden horse.” “Ah, yes,” the captain said, “it’s too big. The Greeks didn’t want to take it with them. Get some help and 4 it into the city.” That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans 5 . They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. “I haven’t laughed like this since my childhood,” the captain said. After the party, they locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep, 6 about the coming danger. By midnight, the main square was empty, except for (除了) the huge horse. 7 a secret door opened on the side of the wooden horse. Greek soldiers, hearts beating but movements silent, crept out (潜行而出) 8 , like shadows (影子) in the night. The soldiers quickly opened the main gates. In a very short time, the Greek army surged (涌入) into the city, ready to win. For ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by 9 . In one night, however, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever 10 . 1．A．drove B．stood C．flied 2．A．lost B．missed C．won 3．A．But B．So C．Or 4．A．pull B．push C．break 5．A．talked fearfully B．slept soundly C．celebrated wildly 6．A．unhappy B．unknown C．unfriendly 7．A．Suddenly B．Loudly C．Openly 8．A．one by one B．day by day C．word by word 9．A．talking B．fighting C．waiting 10．A．habit B．story C．trick 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了特洛伊战争中，希腊人久攻特洛伊城不下，最终采用“木马计”成功占领特洛伊城的故事。 1．句意：首领站在特洛伊城高高的古城墙上，俯瞰着这片曾经饱受战争蹂躏的土地。 drove驾驶；stood站立；flied击出高飞球。根据“...tall on the high, ancient wall of the city of Troy”可知，首领应该是站在城墙上。故选B。 2．句意：“希腊人终于走了，我们赢了，”他说。 lost失去；missed错过；won赢得。根据下文“They’ve tried to capture our city for fourteen years. Now they’ve given up and sailed away!”可知，希腊人放弃了攻打，所以特洛伊人应该是赢了。故选C。 3．句意：“但是看那边，”一个士兵说。 But但是；So所以；Or或者。根据“They’ve left a huge wooden horse.”可知，士兵发现了希腊人留下的木马，这与首领之前说的希腊人走了相矛盾，所以此处表示转折。故选A。 4．句意：找些人来帮忙，把它拉进城里。 pull拉；push推；break打破。根据“it’s too big. The Greeks didn’t want to take it with them.”可知，木马太大，希腊人不想带走，所以特洛伊人应该是把它拉进城里。故选A。 5．句意：那天晚上，在城市的中心广场上，所有的特洛伊人都在狂欢。 talked fearfully害怕地交谈；slept soundly睡得很香；celebrated wildly疯狂地庆祝。根据下文“They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks.”可知，特洛伊人在唱歌跳舞、开玩笑，所以他们应该是在狂欢庆祝。故选C。 6．句意：聚会结束后，他们锁上了城市的所有大门，然后都去睡觉了，对即将到来的危险一无所知。 unhappy不高兴的；unknown未知的；unfriendly不友好的。根据“After the party, they locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep”可知，特洛伊人锁上门去睡觉了，说明他们对即将到来的危险一无所知。故选B。 7．句意：突然，木马侧面的一扇秘密门打开了。 Suddenly突然；Loudly大声地；Openly公开地。根据“a secret door opened on the side of the wooden horse”可知，秘密门应该是突然打开的。故选A。 8．句意：希腊士兵心跳加速，但动作无声，一个接一个地像夜里的影子一样悄悄爬出来。 one by one一个接一个；day by day一天天；word by word逐字逐句地。根据“Greek soldiers, hearts beating but movements silent, crept out”可知，希腊士兵应该是一个接一个地悄悄爬出来。故选A。 9．句意：十年来，希腊人一直无法通过战斗占领这座城市。 talking交谈；fighting战斗；waiting等待。根据上文“They’ve tried to capture our city for fourteen years.”可知，希腊人一直试图占领特洛伊城，所以此处应该是指通过战斗。故选B。 10．句意：然而，一夜之间，他们通过一个聪明的计谋成功地占领了它。 habit习惯；story故事；trick计谋，诡计。根据上文希腊人留下木马，最终成功占领特洛伊城可知，这是一个计谋。故选C。 The Empty City Strategy is a famous military tactic (军事战术) during the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. It’s a story about Zhuge Liang, who used a (n) 1 to defeat (打败) Sima Yi, a general from the State of Wei. One day, Sima Yi led a large army to 2 Xicheng where Zhuge Liang and his army were stationed. However, there were only about 2,500 soldiers inside the city, so Zhuge Liang 3 whether he could win the battle against the Wei army. Suddenly, he came up with a 4 . He ordered all the city gates to be left open. Then he told most people to act 5 and asked a few soldiers to dress as cleaners to sweep the streets near the city walls. When Sima Yi and his army arrived, they saw the 6 gates and the nearly empty city. They felt suspicious (怀疑的). At the same time, Zhuge Liang was playing his guqin on the city wall, looking 7 . Sima Yi knew that Zhuge Liang was famous for his clever tricks. “It must be a trap!” he thought to himself. “There are probably thousands of 8 hiding inside.” Then he decided not to attack and ordered his army to pull back. Later, when Sima Yi 9 the truth, he couldn’t believe Zhuge Liang had fooled him. This story teaches us an important lesson: We should keep cool and use wisdom to 10 problems bravely when we face them. 1．A．skill B．trick C．exchange D．experience 2．A．clean B．discover C．attack D．build 3．A．doubted B．decided C．imagined D．hoped 4．A．choice B．plan C．reason D．truth 5．A．correctly B．calmly C．secretly D．faithfully 6．A．open B．large C．unusual D．new 7．A．worried B．relaxed C．tired D．bored 8．A．captains B．musicians C．soldiers D．farmers 9．A．broke down B．put on C．gave up D．found out 10．A．explore B．discuss C．cause D．solve 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了三国时期诸葛亮利用空城计智退司马懿大军的故事，告诉我们面对困难要保持冷静，用智慧解决问题。 1．句意：这是关于诸葛亮巧用计谋打败魏国大将司马懿的故事。 根据上文“military tactic”及下文故事内容，可知此处指军事计谋，应选用trick“计谋”。skill“技能”、exchange“交换”、experience“经历”均不符合语境。 2．句意：一天，司马懿率领大军攻打诸葛亮驻军的西城。 敌军前来进攻城池，应选用attack“攻打” 。clean“打扫”、discover“发现”、build“建造”均不符合语境。 3．句意：城里只有大约两千五百士兵，诸葛亮怀疑自己能否打赢魏军。 兵力悬殊，内心充满疑虑，应选用doubted“怀疑”。decided“决定”、imagined“想象”、hoped“希望”均不符合语境。 4．句意：突然，他想出一个计策。 根据“came up with”固定搭配及下文具体做法，可知是想出计划，应选用plan“计策，方案”。choice“选择”、reason“理由”、truth“真相”均不符合语境。 5．句意：他让大部分人冷静行动，安排少数士兵扮成清洁工清扫城墙下街道。 为营造安稳假象，让众人镇定行事，应选用calmly“冷静地”。correctly“正确地”、secretly“秘密地”、faithfully“忠诚地”均不符合语境。 6．句意：司马懿大军抵达时，看见敞开的城门、几乎空无一人的城池。 根据前文“gates to be left open”，可知门是开着的，应选用open“敞开的”。large“大的”、unusual“不寻常的”、new“新的”均不符合语境。 7．句意：与此同时，诸葛亮在城墙上抚琴，神情从容淡定。 空城计里诸葛亮镇定自若，应选用relaxed“放松的，从容的”。worried“担忧的”、tired“疲惫的”、bored“无聊的”均不符合语境。 8．句意：里面一定藏着成千上万的士兵。 司马懿怀疑城内埋伏士兵，应选用soldiers“士兵”。captains“队长”、musicians“乐师”、farmers“农民”均不符合语境。 9．句意：后来司马懿得知真相，不敢相信自己被诸葛亮欺骗。 根据“the truth”，可知是查明真相，应选用found out“查明，得知”。broke down“出故障”、put on“穿上”、gave up“放弃”均不符合语境。 10．句意：这个故事教会我们重要道理：遇到困难要冷静，用智慧勇敢解决问题。 根据“problems”可知，此处是指解决问题，应选用solve“解决”。explore“探索”、discuss“讨论”、cause“造成”均不符合语境。 阅读下面短文，选出一个最佳答案。 During the Warring States period in ancient China, there was a young man named Zhao Kuo. He was the son of the famous general Zhao She and was good at 1 military strategies (兵法) on paper. When the State of Qin attacked the State of Zhao, Zhao’s army was in great need of a 2 . Many officials suggested letting Zhao Kuo lead the army, as he often talked about wars 3 and seemed to know everything about military tactics. Though Zhao Kuo’s father once warned that his son only knew theory but had no 4 experience, the king still decided to let him replace the old general Lian Po. Before leaving, Zhao Kuo promised his mother that he would 5 the army well. However, after taking office, he changed all the military orders made by Lian Po. He thought his own plans were much better and refused to listen to the 6 of senior soldiers. When the Qin army learned about this, they made a 7 plan. They pretended to be weak and ran away when Zhao Kuo attacked. Zhao Kuo, who was too 8 of his own abilities, chased them without thinking carefully. Soon, his army was surrounded by the Qin army. With no food or supplies, Zhao Kuo’s army had to 9 . After several failed attempts to break through the siege (包围), Zhao Kuo was killed in the final battle. His army was completely defeated, and many soldiers lost their lives. From then on, people used “talking about warfare on paper” to describe those who are good at theory but 10 to put it into practice. 1．A．writing B．discussing C．drawing D．collecting 2．A．leader B．doctor C．messenger D．teacher 3．A．bravely B．carelessly C．confidently D．quietly 4．A．study B．valuable C．work D．practical 5．A．train B．protect C．control D．organize 6．A．suggestions B．music C．orders D．messages 7．A．friendly B．secret C．funny D．polite 8．A．afraid B．tired C．proud D．ashamed 9．A．look up B．show up C．believe in D．give in 10．A．fail B．try C．agree D．refuse 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述战国时期赵括“纸上谈兵”的故事，说明其只懂理论缺乏实战经验，最终导致兵败身亡。 1．句意：他擅长在纸上讨论兵法。 writing写作；discussing讨论；drawing绘画；collecting收集。根据“Zhao She and was good at ... military strategies (兵法) on paper.”以及下文可知，赵括擅长在纸上讨论兵法。故选B。 2．句意：当秦国攻打赵国时，赵军急需一位指挥官。 leader领导；doctor医生；messenger信使；teacher老师。根据“Qin attacked the State of Zhao, Zhao’s army was in great need of a...”可知，秦国攻赵，赵国军队需要指挥官。故选A。 3．句意：许多官员建议让赵括统领军队，因为他经常自信地谈论战争，似乎通晓一切军事战术。 bravely勇敢地；carelessly粗心地； confidently自信地； quietly安静地。根据“as he often talked about wars...”可知，赵括经常自信地谈论战争，所以许多官员建议让他统领军队。故选C。 4．句意：尽管赵括的父亲曾警告说他的儿子只懂理论而没有实践经验，赵王仍然决定让他取代老将廉颇。 study学习；valuable有价值的；work工作；practical实践的。根据上文以及“Though Zhao Kuo’s father once warned that his son only knew theory but had no...”可知，赵括只懂理论而没有实践经验。故选D。 5．句意：临行前，赵括向母亲保证他会把军队指挥好。 train训练；protect保护；control指挥；organize组织。根据上文以及“Zhao Kuo promised his mother that he would ... the army well.”可知，赵括对自己的能力很自信，他向母亲保证会把军队指挥好。故选C。 6．句意：他认为自己的计划要好得多，并且拒绝听取老将领的建议。 suggestions建议；music音乐；orders命令；messages信息。根据“He thought his own plans were much better and refused to listen to the...”可知，赵括认为自己的计划要好得多，并且拒绝听取老将领的建议。故选A。 7．句意：当秦军得知此事后，他们制定了一个秘密计划。 friendly友好的；secret秘密的；funny有趣的；polite礼貌的。根据“When the Qin army learned about this, they made a...”以及下文可知，秦军假装虚弱逃跑，这是他们制定的秘密计划。故选B。 8．句意：赵括对自己的能力过于自负，未加仔细考虑便追击他们。 afraid害怕的；tired疲倦的；proud自负的；ashamed羞愧的。根据“Zhao Kuo, who was too ... of his own abilities, chased them without thinking carefully.”可知，赵括轻敌追击的行为说明他对自己的能力过于自负。故选C。 9．句意：由于没有食物和补给，赵括的军队不得不投降。 look up查阅；show up出现；believe in相信；give in投降。根据“With no food or supplies, Zhao Kuo’s army had to...”可知，被包围且断粮后，赵国的军队不得不投降。故选D。 10．句意：从那时起，人们用“纸上谈兵”来形容那些擅长理论却未能付诸实践的人。 fail失败；try尝试；agree同意；refuse拒绝。根据“who are good at theory but ... to put it into practice”可知，“纸上谈兵”是用来形容那些擅长理论但未能付诸实践的人。fail to do sth.意为“未能做某事”，固定搭配。故选A。 During the Warring States period, the king of Zhao got a beautiful piece of jade (玉). Soon, he received a 1 from the king of Qin. In the letter, the king of Qin offered 15 towns in exchange for the jade. At that time, the State of Qin was strong, while the State of Zhao was 2 . The king of Zhao worried that the king of Qin might 3 to give the 15 towns after getting the jade, so he asked Lin Xiangru to take the jade to the State of Qin. Before leaving, Lin promised that he would 4 the jade safely if the king of Qin broke his word. When receiving the jade, the king of Qin was very 5 . He happily showed it to his officials, without saying a word about the 15 towns. Seeing this, Lin Xiangru thought of a 6 . He told the king of Qin that the jade had a slight flaw (微小的瑕疵) and that he would like to show it to him. However, when he got the jade, he stood back, saying that he would 7 both the jade and his head by hitting them against the column (柱子) if the king of Qin broke his promise. As a result, the king of Qin agreed to Lin’s 8 , promising to give the State of Zhao the 15 towns the next day. That night, Lin left the State of Qin and returned the jade 9 to the king of Zhao. Lin was really 10 , wasn’t he? This is the story of the Chinese idiom “Wan Bi Gui Zhao”. 1．A．gift B．treasure C．letter D．town 2．A．strong B．weak C．rich D．famous 3．A．refuse B．agree C．plan D．remember 4．A．prepare for B．copy down C．tidy up D．bring back 5．A．nervous B．embarrassed C．pleased D．angry 6．A．story B．trick C．mistake D．promise 7．A．protect B．break C．hide D．check 8．A．advertisement B．development C．experiment D．requirement 9．A．safely B．suddenly C．recently D．angrily 10．A．strict B．patient C．smart D．friendly 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了战国时期赵国和秦国之间关于和氏璧的一段历史故事，即成语“完璧归赵”的典故。 1．句意：不久，他收到了秦王的一封信。 gift礼物；treasure宝藏；letter信；town城镇。根据“In the letter, the king of Qin offered 15 towns in exchange for the jade.”可知，赵王收到的是秦王的一封信，故选C。 2．句意：当时，秦国强大，而赵国弱小。 strong强大的；weak弱的；rich富有的；famous著名的。根据“The king of Zhao worried that the king of Qin might...”可知，赵王担心秦王会反悔，是因为赵国弱小，秦国强大，故选B。 3．句意：赵王担心秦王得到玉后会拒绝交出15座城镇，所以他让蔺相如带着玉去秦国。 refuse拒绝；agree同意；plan计划；remember记得。根据“The king of Zhao worried”可知，赵王担心秦王会反悔，即拒绝交出15座城镇，故选A。 4．句意：临行前，蔺相如承诺，如果秦王食言，他会把玉完好无损地带回来。 prepare for为……做准备；copy down抄下；tidy up整理；bring back带回。根据“if the king of Qin broke his word”以及“That night, Lin left the State of Qin and returned the jade...to the king of Zhao.”可知，蔺相如承诺如果秦王食言，他会把玉带回赵国，故选D。 5．句意：收到玉后，秦王非常高兴。 nervous紧张的；embarrassed尴尬的；pleased高兴的；angry生气的。根据“He happily showed it to his officials”可知，秦王收到玉后很高兴，故选C。 6．句意：看到这一幕，蔺相如想出了一个计策。 story故事；trick计策；mistake错误；promise承诺。根据“He told the king of Qin that the jade had a slight flaw (微小的瑕疵) and that he would like to show it to him.”可知，蔺相如想出了一个计策，故选B。 7．句意：然而，当他拿到玉时，他退后一步，说如果秦王食言，他会撞柱子来撞破玉和自己的头。 protect保护；break打破；hide隐藏；check检查。根据“both the jade and his head by hitting them against the column (柱子) if the king of Qin broke his promise”可知，蔺相如说如果秦王食言，他会撞破玉和自己的头。故选B。 8．句意：结果，秦王同意了蔺相如的要求，答应第二天就把15座城镇给赵国。 advertisement广告；development发展；experiment实验；requirement要求。根据“promising to give the State of Zhao the 15 towns the next day”可知，秦王同意了蔺相如的要求，故选D。 9．句意：那天晚上，蔺相如离开了秦国，把玉完好无损地归还给了赵王。 safely安全地；suddenly突然地；recently最近；angrily生气地。根据“returned the jade...to the king of Zhao”可知，蔺相如把玉完好无损地归还给了赵王，故选A。 10．句意：蔺相如真的很聪明，不是吗？ strict严格的；patient耐心的；smart聪明的；friendly友好的。根据全文可知，蔺相如用自己的智慧保护了玉并成功带回赵国，所以他很聪明，故选C。 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。 Yang Shi was a famous scholar (学者) in the Song Dynasty. He had a strong 1 for knowledge and always worked hard at his lessons. One day, he met a difficult problem that he couldn’t work out. He went to ask his 2 Cheng Yi for help with his classmate. When they arrived, it was snowing 3 . The servant (仆人) told them the teacher was sleeping in the study. 4 it was very cold outside, they still decided to wait quietly. They didn’t want to disturb the teacher’s rest. After a long time, Cheng Yi woke up. He was 5 to find the two students still standing in the snow. The snow had already covered their shoulders. Moved by their good manners, Cheng Yi 6 the problem carefully and helped them work it out. This story has been passed down for centuries. This story tells us the 7 of respecting teachers and being patient. A 8 attitude towards learning always helps us get more knowledge. On the road to study, we should never 9 easily because of small difficulties. Good learning spirits can 10 us to make greater progress. 1．A．secret B．love C．plan D．change 2．A．teacher B．neighbor C．passenger D．stranger 3．A．completely B．suddenly C．heavily D．recently 4．A．Although B．Because C．If D．Unless 5．A．angry B．nervous C．bored D．surprised 6．A．dealt B．donated C．explained D．advised 7．A．difference B．importance C．progress D．feeling 8．A．serious B．weak C．silly D．wild 9．A．take up B．put up C．give up D．sign up 10．A．develop B．compare C．report D．lead 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述宋代杨时程门立雪的故事，告诉我们尊师重道及学习态度的重要性，激励我们克服困难，不断取得进步。 1．句意：他对知识有着强烈的热爱，始终刻苦研习功课。 根据“always worked hard”，可知此处表示热爱知识，have a strong love for是固定搭配，表示“对……有强烈的渴求/热爱”。secret“秘密”、plan“计划”、change“改变”不符语境。 2．句意：他和同学一起去找自己的老师程颐求助。 根据后文“teacher”，可知是老师。neighbor“邻居”、passenger“乘客”、stranger“陌生人”身份不符。 3．句意：当他们到达程颐住处时，雪下得很大。 此处使用搭配snow heavily，表示雪大。completely“完全地”、suddenly“突然地”、recently“最近”不修饰雪势。 4．句意：虽然外面很冷，他们仍决定安静在外等候。 根据“cold outside”和“decided to wait quietly”可知前后句子存在让步转折关系，使用Although引导让步状语从句。Because“因为”、If“如果”、Unless“除非”逻辑不通。 5．句意：他发现两个学生还站在雪地里，感到非常惊讶。 根据“didn’t want to disturb the teacher’s rest”和“find the two students still standing in the snow”可知老师不知道学生一直在雪中等候，醒来看到这一幕会很惊讶，surprised符合语境。angry“生气的”、nervous“紧张的”、bored“无聊的”情感不符。 6．句意：程颐被他们懂礼貌、肯求学的举止打动，认真解释了这道难题，帮他们解决了问题。 根据“helped them work it out”，可知此处表示解释难题，对应explained。dealt“处理”、donated“捐赠”、advised“建议”动作不符。 7．句意：这个故事告诉我们尊师重道、保持耐心的重要性。 此处使用搭配the importance of，表示“……的重要性”。difference“区别”、progress“进步”、feeling“感觉”不符主旨。 8．句意：严肃的学习态度总能帮助我们收获更多知识。 根据“helps us get more knowledge”可知此处表示学习需要认真态度，对应serious。weak“弱的”、silly“愚蠢的”、wild“狂野的”为负面词汇。 9．句意：我们不应因小困难轻易放弃。 根据“never…easily”，可知此处表示不放弃，对应短语give up。take up“占据”、put up“张贴”、sign up“签约”意思不符。 10．句意：良好的学习精神能引导我们取得更大的进步。 此处使用搭配lead sb. to do sth.，意为“引导某人做某事”。develop“发展”、compare“比较”、report“报告”搭配不当。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 In 1974, some farmers in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, made a(n) 1 discovery while digging a well. They found fragments (碎片) of clay figures. This discovery 2 to the uncovering of one of the greatest archaeological (考古的) finds of the 20th century: the Terracotta Army. This vast underground army was built for Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China. It was 3 to protect him in his afterlife. The figures, including warriors, chariots (战车), and horses, are all life-sized and have 4 features. No two figures are exactly the same. The 5 of constructing such a huge army was unimaginable. It is believed that over 700,000 workers worked on it for nearly 40 years. The figures were made using local clay and then 6 in a kiln (窑). They were originally painted in bright colors, but most of the paint has 7 over time. The Terracotta Army is not only a 8 of ancient Chinese art, but also a window into the history of the Qin Dynasty. By studying these figures, historians can learn about the army’s weapons, armor (盔甲), and even the hairstyles of the 9 . Today, the site has become a world-famous museum. It 10 millions of visitors from all over the world each year. They come to 11 this wonder in person and are amazed by the scale (规模) and detail. The discovery of the Terracotta Army has greatly 12 our understanding of ancient China. It shows the power and wealth of the Qin Empire, as well as the incredible skills of its craftsmen (工匠). It is a(n) 13 heritage (遗产) of all mankind. Protecting this site is a great challenge. Experts are working hard to 14 the remaining (剩余的) colors and to prevent further damage. Their work ensures that future generations can also 15 this amazing part of Chinese history. 1．A．interesting B．exciting C．surprising D．amazing 2．A．led B．took C．got D．came 3．A．ordered B．made C．meant D．asked 4．A．same B．similar C．different D．common 5．A．plan B．project C．idea D．thought 6．A．fired B．burned C．heated D．cooked 7．A．gone B．faded C．lost D．disappeared 8．A．treasure B．masterpiece C．work D．example 9．A．time B．period C．age D．year 10．A．draws B．attracts C．pulls D．catches 11．A．see B．look C．watch D．notice 12．A．enriched B．improved C．increased D．deepened 13．A．cultural B．natural C．historical D．valuable 14．A．protect B．keep C．save D．preserve 15．A．admire B．enjoy C．love D．like 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇关于秦始皇兵马俑的说明文，主要介绍了兵马俑的发现、建造、特点以及其历史意义。 1．句意：1974 年，陕西省西安的一些农民在打井时，有了一个令人惊讶的发现。固定搭配make a surprising discovery意为 “做出令人惊讶的发现”。根据语境，农民在挖掘时偶然发现了陶俑碎片，这一发现是令人惊讶的。 2．句意：这一发现促成/导致了20世纪最伟大考古发现之一 —— 兵马俑的出土。固定短语lead to意为 “导致、引发”。此处表示这一发现“引发” 了20世纪最伟大的考古发现之一，符合句意。 3．句意：它（这支地下军队）旨在在来世保护他（秦始皇）。固定句型It was meant to...表示 “本意是……、旨在……”。秦始皇建造地下军队是为了在来世保护他，因此用“meant”。 4．句意：这些俑像包括武士、战车和马匹，都是等身大小，且有着不同的特征。没有两个俑像完全一样。根据后文“No two figures are exactly the same.”（没有两个雕像完全相同），可知前文说它们是栩栩如生的，且具有不同的特征。 5．句意：建造如此庞大军队的工程是难以想象的。根据语境，此处指代建造兵马俑这项巨大的“工程、计划”，用 project最合适。 6．句意：这些俑像用当地陶土制成，然后在窑中烧制。根据常识和语境，陶俑是用当地的粘土制作，然后在窑里“烧制、烘烤”成型的，fired符合工艺描述。 7．句意：它们最初被绘上鲜艳的颜色，但大部分颜料随着时间褪色。根据转折连词“but”可知，前文说它们“被涂上了鲜艳的颜色”，后文应表示大多数颜色“已经消失了”，faded表示褪去。 8．句意：兵马俑不仅是中国古代艺术的杰作，也是了解秦朝历史的窗口。masterpiece意为“杰作；代表作”，高度评价兵马俑的艺术价值；treasure（宝藏）侧重物质价值，work（作品）过于普通，example（例子）均不如masterpiece贴切。 9．句意：通过研究这些俑像，历史学家可以了解军队的武器、盔甲，甚至那个时期人们的发型。固定搭配the hair-styles of the period意为“那个时代的发型”，指代秦朝当时的发型样式。 10．句意：如今，这个遗址已成为世界闻名的博物馆，每年吸引数百万来自世界各地的游客。主语是“it”（指代兵马俑博物馆），表示它“吸引” 了来自世界各地的数百万游客，attracts符合主谓一致和语境。 11．句意：他们亲自前来目睹这一奇迹，惊叹于它的规模和细节。固定搭配come to see意为“前来观赏、亲眼看到”。游客是亲自来“观赏”这个奇迹。 12．句意：兵马俑的发现极大地加深了我们对古代中国的理解。deepen意为 “加深（理解 / 认识）”，符合“考古发现丰富了历史认知”的语境；enrich（丰富）、improve（改善）、increase（增加）均不如deepen精准。 13．句意：它是全人类的文化遗产。固定搭配cultural heritage意为“文化遗产”，是描述兵马俑的标准术语；natural（自然的）、historical（历史的）、valuable（有价值的）均不符合固定搭配。 14．句意：专家们正努力保护剩余的色彩，防止进一步损坏。preserve意为“保护；保存（使免受损坏）”，侧重“维持现状、延长寿命”，符合文物保护的语境；protect（保护，侧重防御）、keep（保持）、save（拯救）均不如preserve专业。 15．句意：他们的工作确保后代也能欣赏这一中国历史的奇迹。admire意为“欣赏；钦佩”，符合“后代感受兵马俑的艺术与历史魅力”的语境；enjoy（享受）、love（热爱）、like（喜欢）均不如admire正式且贴合文化遗产的语境。 During the Warring States Period (475～221BC), King Zhao of the State of Yan (燕昭王) had a big dream. He 1 to make his state stronger and knew that he needed 2 people to work for him. 3 , it wasn’t easy to find those kinds of people. One day, he went to ask a scholar (学者) named Guo Wei for 4 . Guo Wei then told him an interesting story. There was once a king who had a special 5 . He liked Qianlima (千里马). So he 6 many people to look for these horses and buy them for him. But after three years, 7 could find such a horse for him. Later, a man 8 to help. In just three months, he got the news that there might be a Qianlima. He quickly went to find it. Sadly, when he arrived, the horse had already died. But the man didn’t 9 . Instead, he 10 the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold. When he brought the bones back to the king, the king was very 11 . “What I want is a live horse, not the bones of a dead horse.” he shouted. The man replied calmly, “Your Majesty, just think about it. You’re willing to 12 such a high price for a dead horse. Then people will know that you truly want to buy the horses. Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon.” 13 , what the man said was right. Within a year, many 14 of Qianlima brought their horses to the king. After hearing the story, Guo Wei told King Zhao that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. “If I am valued (被重视) by you, more talents will be willing to serve the state,” Guo Wei said. King Zhao understood. He built nice houses for Guo Wei and 15 him as a respected teacher. And as expected, soon more talented people came to help the king and made the State of Yan stronger. 1．A．decided B．refused C．continued D．helped 2．A．talented B．kind C．perfect D．beautiful 3．A．Since B．Although C．However D．Because 4．A．people B．advice C．power D．money 5．A．memory B．hobby C．opinion D．object 6．A．offered B．left C．sent D．caught 7．A．anybody B．nobody C．somebody D．everybody 8．A．hated B．feared C．volunteered D．failed 9．A．take away B．give away C．give out D．give up 10．A．bought B．sold C．lost D．found 11．A．happy B．excited C．angry D．worried 12．A．cost B．pay C．spend D．take 13．A．In his opinion B．At first C．In fact D．In silence 14．A．buyers B．owners C．customers D．shoppers 15．A．taught B．trained C．pushed D．regarded 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文讲述了战国时期燕昭王为强国求贤，采纳郭隗建议效仿“千金买骨”典故，通过礼遇贤士吸引更多人才的故事。 1．句意：他决定让他的国家变得更强大，并深知他需要才华横溢的人为他效力。 decided决定；refused拒绝；continued继续；helped帮助。根据“He...to make his state stronger”可知，燕昭王决定让他的国家变得更强大。故选A。 2．句意：他决定让他的国家变得更强大，并深知他需要才华横溢的人为他效力。 talented有才华的；kind善良的；perfect完美的；beautiful美丽的。根据“make his state stronger”可推知，如果想让国家变得更强大，则需要有才华的人为国效力。故选A。 3．句意：然而，找到这样的人并不容易。 Since自从；Although尽管；However然而；Because因为。根据“he needed...people to work for him...it wasn’t easy to find those kinds of people.”可知，这两句话是转折关系，表示燕昭王需要才华横溢的人为他效力，然而，找到这样的人并不容易。故选C。 4．句意：一天，他去找一位名叫郭隗的学者请教。 people人；advice建议；power权力；money金钱。根据下文“Guo Wei then told him an interesting story.”可推知，燕昭王去找郭隗寻求建议，于是郭隗给他讲了一个有趣的故事。故选B。 5．句意：从前有一个国王，他有一个特殊的爱好。 memory记忆；hobby爱好；opinion观点；object物体。根据下文“He liked Qianlima (千里马).”可知，喜欢千里马是一种爱好。故选B。 6．句意：所以他派了许多人去寻找这些马，并给他买下来。 offered提供；left离开；sent派遣；caught抓住。根据“he...many people to look for these horses”可知，这个国王派遣了很多人去为他寻找千里马。故选C。 7．句意：但是三年后，没有人能为他找到这样的马。 anybody任何人；nobody没有人；somebody某人；everybody所有人。根据“So he...many people to look for these horses and buy them for him. But after three years...could find such a horse for him.”可推知，虽然这个国王派遣了很多人去为他寻找千里马，但是没有人能为他找到这样的马。故选B。 8．句意：后来，一个人自愿帮忙。 hated憎恨；feared害怕；volunteered自愿；failed失败。根据下文“In just three months, he got the news that there might be a Qianlima.”可推知，有一个人自愿帮助这个国王寻找千里马。故选C。 9．句意：但是这个人没有放弃。 take away带走；give away赠送；give out分发；give up放弃。根据上文“the horse had already died”和下文“he brought the bones back to the king”可知，虽然千里马死了，但是这个人没有放弃，他把这匹马的骨头带回去给了国王。故选D。 10．句意：相反，他用五百金买下了马的骨头。 bought购买；sold出售；lost丢失；found发现。根据下文“he brought the bones back to the king”可推知，这个人买下了马的骨头。故选A。 11．句意：当他把骨头带回给国王时，国王非常生气。 happy高兴的；excited兴奋的；angry生气的；worried担忧的。根据下文“he shouted”可推知，国王很生气。故选C。 12．句意：你愿意为一匹死马付这么高的价钱。 cost花费（主语应为物，通常指花费金钱）；pay支付（主语应为人，常与for连用）；spend花费（主语应为人，常与on连用）；take花费（主语应为it或物，通常指花费时间）。根据“You’re willing to...such a high price for a dead horse.”可知，句子的主语是You，指人，且句中含有介词for，所以pay符合语境。故选B。 13．句意：事实上，这个人说的是对的。 In his opinion在他看来；At first起初；In fact事实上；In silence沉默地。根据上文“Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon.”和下文“Within a year, many...of Qianlima brought their horses to the king.”可知，事实上，这个人说的是对的。故选C。 14．句意：一年之内，许多千里马的主人把他们的马带给了国王。 buyers买家；owners主人；customers顾客；shoppers购物者。根据“many...of Qianlima brought their horses to the king”可知，许多千里马的主人把他们的马带给了国王。故选B。 15．句意：他为郭隗建造漂亮的房子，并把他视为一位尊敬的老师。 taught教；trained训练；pushed推；regarded视作。根据“...him as a respected teacher”可知，此处应用短语regard sb. as...“把某人视为……”。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题完形填空练习 单元话题：考古发现与历史 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 请阅读下面语篇，理解其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Walking in the park of Helanshan Rock Art Relics (遗迹) is like taking a walk through history. The park is in Yinchuan, Ningxia. Anyone will be 1 at the number of artworks and carvings (雕刻图案) on the rocks. The carvings were a book full of 2 before human beings knew how to read or write. And today they help us understand 3 ancient people lived. Rock carvings in the park 4 different objects, including animals, plants, etc. About 6,000 carvings have been found in the park area since the 1970s. “Rock art has 5 been found in many other places across China, but the park is the only place that has so many rock art pieces in one location,” said Mr. Zhang, an expert on rock art. This helps visitors learn more about ancient art, perhaps in a trip of just one 6 two hours. According to Zhang, the “histories on rock” were a kind of good way for humans to show their spiritual (精神的) world 7 words were created. Zhang said, “In a sense, rock art can be seen as a language. ” For the past few years, Zhang and his team have been 8 rock art. “Sometimes, we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing,” said Zhang. “It’s challenging work. ” Other experts and the local government have tried 9 best to protect it. And the Yinchuan World Rock Art Museum has opened to 10 people’s awareness (意识) of the need to protect rock carvings. 1．A．angry B．afraid C．upset D．surprised 2．A．information B．decisions C．population D．joy 3．A．whether B．how C．which D．if 4．A．understand B．cover C．discover D．receive 5．A．already B．yet C．ever D．never 6．A．so B．but C．or D．and 7．A．with B．by C．after D．before 8．A．setting up B．searching for C．discussing with D．worrying about 9．A．our B．your C．their D．its 10．A．cause B．make C．raise D．choose 阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A team of Chinese scientists have found a new giant sinkhole (天坑). It’s 192 meters deep. What did they find at the 1 ? An ancient forest! This 2 discovery was found in Leye County, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Leye County is known 3 the “museum of sinkholes” How do sinkholes form? “China has a karst landscape (喀斯特地貌),” Veni told Live Science. “Karst landscapes are made when rainwater 1 through little cracks (裂缝) in the ground. The cracks 2 grow into tunnels (隧道) and then big caves (洞穴). Over time, a cave can get too big. Then the top of it falls slowly, 3 huge sinkholes.” Why are sinkholes important? Besides looking cool, karst caves and sinkholes can be 1 to all kinds of plants, animals and microbes. The newly discovered one has ancient trees up to 40meters tall. “I wouldn’t be surprised to know that some species (物种) in these caves have never been 2 or described by science until now, said the leader of the exploration (探险) team, Chen Lixin. This is because the sinkholes are separate (分离的) from the outside world. That 3 an environment for new species to form. “Sinkholes also have deep stores of underground water. They are like nature’s water pipes (管道). They bring 4 to 700 million people worldwide,” Veni told Live Science. 1．A．end B．top C．bottom D．start 2．A．terrible B．amazing C．early D．careful 3．A．as B．for C．to D．with 4．A．returns B．forms C．climbs D．runs 5．A．luckily B．exactly C．slowly D．heavily 6．A．looking up B．dealing with C．setting off D．turning into 7．A．school B．home C．office D．house 8．A．left B．sold C．saved D．reported 9．A．hurts B．provides C．protects D．helps 10．A．rain B．snow C．water D．food Nathan is a middle school student. He often goes to a 1 to see the fossils (化石). And he always feels proud to see some of them. Why? Because he found them! Nathan got 2 plants and animals when he was very little and he wanted to be a paleontologist (古生物学家). One day, he went climbing with his father. They didn’t know a big 3 was waiting for them. After two hours of climbing, they finally reached the mountain top. When they were about to sit down and relax, Nathan 4 noticed a special fossil under his foot! He asked his 5 to come and have a look. Both of them were surprised. They took some photos of the fossil and sent 6 to the workers in the museum. Soon, some of the workers 7 . It turned out that the fossil was a bone from the arm of a duck-billed dinosaur (鸭嘴龙). Later, the workers found more bones there. Everyone was 8 . The dinosaur was a very important find 9 it was from about 69 million years ago. “You see, Dad? I know I will 10 a paleontologist some day,” Nathan said excitedly. His father’s smile said everything. 1．A．zoo B．lab C．company D．museum 2．A．afraid of B．interested in C．worried about D．proud of 3．A．surprise B．problem C．collection D．fantasy 4．A．still B．ever C．suddenly D．usually 5．A．father B．mother C．uncle D．friend 6．A．it B．them C．him D．her 7．A．forgot B．relaxed C．arrived D．left 8．A．down B．excited C．lucky D．lonely 9．A．because B．or C．but D．so 10．A．name B．follow C．trust D．become 阅读下面的短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The captain (首领) 1 tall on the high, ancient wall of the city of Troy (特洛伊), overlooking the once war-torn land. “The Greeks (希腊人) have finally gone, and we’ve 2 ,” he said. “They’ve tried to capture (占领) our city for fourteen years. Now they’ve given up and sailed away!” “ 3 look over there,” a soldier (士兵) said. “They’ve left a huge wooden horse.” “Ah, yes,” the captain said, “it’s too big. The Greeks didn’t want to take it with them. Get some help and 4 it into the city.” That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans 5 . They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. “I haven’t laughed like this since my childhood,” the captain said. After the party, they locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep, 6 about the coming danger. By midnight, the main square was empty, except for (除了) the huge horse. 7 a secret door opened on the side of the wooden horse. Greek soldiers, hearts beating but movements silent, crept out (潜行而出) 8 , like shadows (影子) in the night. The soldiers quickly opened the main gates. In a very short time, the Greek army surged (涌入) into the city, ready to win. For ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by 9 . In one night, however, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever 10 . 1．A．drove B．stood C．flied 2．A．lost B．missed C．won 3．A．But B．So C．Or 4．A．pull B．push C．break 5．A．talked fearfully B．slept soundly C．celebrated wildly 6．A．unhappy B．unknown C．unfriendly 7．A．Suddenly B．Loudly C．Openly 8．A．one by one B．day by day C．word by word 9．A．talking B．fighting C．waiting 10．A．habit B．story C．trick The Empty City Strategy is a famous military tactic (军事战术) during the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. It’s a story about Zhuge Liang, who used a (n) 1 to defeat (打败) Sima Yi, a general from the State of Wei. One day, Sima Yi led a large army to 2 Xicheng where Zhuge Liang and his army were stationed. However, there were only about 2,500 soldiers inside the city, so Zhuge Liang 3 whether he could win the battle against the Wei army. Suddenly, he came up with a 4 . He ordered all the city gates to be left open. Then he told most people to act 5 and asked a few soldiers to dress as cleaners to sweep the streets near the city walls. When Sima Yi and his army arrived, they saw the 6 gates and the nearly empty city. They felt suspicious (怀疑的). At the same time, Zhuge Liang was playing his guqin on the city wall, looking 7 . Sima Yi knew that Zhuge Liang was famous for his clever tricks. “It must be a trap!” he thought to himself. “There are probably thousands of 8 hiding inside.” Then he decided not to attack and ordered his army to pull back. Later, when Sima Yi 9 the truth, he couldn’t believe Zhuge Liang had fooled him. This story teaches us an important lesson: We should keep cool and use wisdom to 10 problems bravely when we face them. 1．A．skill B．trick C．exchange D．experience 2．A．clean B．discover C．attack D．build 3．A．doubted B．decided C．imagined D．hoped 4．A．choice B．plan C．reason D．truth 5．A．correctly B．calmly C．secretly D．faithfully 6．A．open B．large C．unusual D．new 7．A．worried B．relaxed C．tired D．bored 8．A．captains B．musicians C．soldiers D．farmers 9．A．broke down B．put on C．gave up D．found out 10．A．explore B．discuss C．cause D．solve 阅读下面短文，选出一个最佳答案。 During the Warring States period in ancient China, there was a young man named Zhao Kuo. He was the son of the famous general Zhao She and was good at 1 military strategies (兵法) on paper. When the State of Qin attacked the State of Zhao, Zhao’s army was in great need of a 2 . Many officials suggested letting Zhao Kuo lead the army, as he often talked about wars 3 and seemed to know everything about military tactics. Though Zhao Kuo’s father once warned that his son only knew theory but had no 4 experience, the king still decided to let him replace the old general Lian Po. Before leaving, Zhao Kuo promised his mother that he would 5 the army well. However, after taking office, he changed all the military orders made by Lian Po. He thought his own plans were much better and refused to listen to the 6 of senior soldiers. When the Qin army learned about this, they made a 7 plan. They pretended to be weak and ran away when Zhao Kuo attacked. Zhao Kuo, who was too 8 of his own abilities, chased them without thinking carefully. Soon, his army was surrounded by the Qin army. With no food or supplies, Zhao Kuo’s army had to 9 . After several failed attempts to break through the siege (包围), Zhao Kuo was killed in the final battle. His army was completely defeated, and many soldiers lost their lives. From then on, people used “talking about warfare on paper” to describe those who are good at theory but 10 to put it into practice. 1．A．writing B．discussing C．drawing D．collecting 2．A．leader B．doctor C．messenger D．teacher 3．A．bravely B．carelessly C．confidently D．quietly 4．A．study B．valuable C．work D．practical 5．A．train B．protect C．control D．organize 6．A．suggestions B．music C．orders D．messages 7．A．friendly B．secret C．funny D．polite 8．A．afraid B．tired C．proud D．ashamed 9．A．look up B．show up C．believe in D．give in 10．A．fail B．try C．agree D．refuse During the Warring States period, the king of Zhao got a beautiful piece of jade (玉). Soon, he received a 1 from the king of Qin. In the letter, the king of Qin offered 15 towns in exchange for the jade. At that time, the State of Qin was strong, while the State of Zhao was 2 . The king of Zhao worried that the king of Qin might 3 to give the 15 towns after getting the jade, so he asked Lin Xiangru to take the jade to the State of Qin. Before leaving, Lin promised that he would 4 the jade safely if the king of Qin broke his word. When receiving the jade, the king of Qin was very 5 . He happily showed it to his officials, without saying a word about the 15 towns. Seeing this, Lin Xiangru thought of a 6 . He told the king of Qin that the jade had a slight flaw (微小的瑕疵) and that he would like to show it to him. However, when he got the jade, he stood back, saying that he would 7 both the jade and his head by hitting them against the column (柱子) if the king of Qin broke his promise. As a result, the king of Qin agreed to Lin’s 8 , promising to give the State of Zhao the 15 towns the next day. That night, Lin left the State of Qin and returned the jade 9 to the king of Zhao. Lin was really 10 , wasn’t he? This is the story of the Chinese idiom “Wan Bi Gui Zhao”. 1．A．gift B．treasure C．letter D．town 2．A．strong B．weak C．rich D．famous 3．A．refuse B．agree C．plan D．remember 4．A．prepare for B．copy down C．tidy up D．bring back 5．A．nervous B．embarrassed C．pleased D．angry 6．A．story B．trick C．mistake D．promise 7．A．protect B．break C．hide D．check 8．A．advertisement B．development C．experiment D．requirement 9．A．safely B．suddenly C．recently D．angrily 10．A．strict B．patient C．smart D．friendly Yang Shi was a famous scholar (学者) in the Song Dynasty. He had a strong 1 for knowledge and always worked hard at his lessons. One day, he met a difficult problem that he couldn’t work out. He went to ask his 2 Cheng Yi for help with his classmate. When they arrived, it was snowing 3 . The servant (仆人) told them the teacher was sleeping in the study. 4 it was very cold outside, they still decided to wait quietly. They didn’t want to disturb the teacher’s rest. After a long time, Cheng Yi woke up. He was 5 to find the two students still standing in the snow. The snow had already covered their shoulders. Moved by their good manners, Cheng Yi 6 the problem carefully and helped them work it out. This story has been passed down for centuries. This story tells us the 7 of respecting teachers and being patient. A 8 attitude towards learning always helps us get more knowledge. On the road to study, we should never 9 easily because of small difficulties. Good learning spirits can 10 us to make greater progress. 1．A．secret B．love C．plan D．change 2．A．teacher B．neighbor C．passenger D．stranger 3．A．completely B．suddenly C．heavily D．recently 4．A．Although B．Because C．If D．Unless 5．A．angry B．nervous C．bored D．surprised 6．A．dealt B．donated C．explained D．advised 7．A．difference B．importance C．progress D．feeling 8．A．serious B．weak C．silly D．wild 9．A．take up B．put up C．give up D．sign up 10．A．develop B．compare C．report D．lead ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 In 1974, some farmers in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, made a(n) 1 discovery while digging a well. They found fragments (碎片) of clay figures. This discovery 2 to the uncovering of one of the greatest archaeological (考古的) finds of the 20th century: the Terracotta Army. This vast underground army was built for Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China. It was 3 to protect him in his afterlife. The figures, including warriors, chariots (战车), and horses, are all life-sized and have 4 features. No two figures are exactly the same. The 5 of constructing such a huge army was unimaginable. It is believed that over 700,000 workers worked on it for nearly 40 years. The figures were made using local clay and then 6 in a kiln (窑). They were originally painted in bright colors, but most of the paint has 7 over time. The Terracotta Army is not only a 8 of ancient Chinese art, but also a window into the history of the Qin Dynasty. By studying these figures, historians can learn about the army’s weapons, armor (盔甲), and even the hairstyles of the 9 . Today, the site has become a world-famous museum. It 10 millions of visitors from all over the world each year. They come to 11 this wonder in person and are amazed by the scale (规模) and detail. The discovery of the Terracotta Army has greatly 12 our understanding of ancient China. It shows the power and wealth of the Qin Empire, as well as the incredible skills of its craftsmen (工匠). It is a(n) 13 heritage (遗产) of all mankind. Protecting this site is a great challenge. Experts are working hard to 14 the remaining (剩余的) colors and to prevent further damage. Their work ensures that future generations can also 15 this amazing part of Chinese history. 1．A．interesting B．exciting C．surprising D．amazing 2．A．led B．took C．got D．came 3．A．ordered B．made C．meant D．asked 4．A．same B．similar C．different D．common 5．A．plan B．project C．idea D．thought 6．A．fired B．burned C．heated D．cooked 7．A．gone B．faded C．lost D．disappeared 8．A．treasure B．masterpiece C．work D．example 9．A．time B．period C．age D．year 10．A．draws B．attracts C．pulls D．catches 11．A．see B．look C．watch D．notice 12．A．enriched B．improved C．increased D．deepened 13．A．cultural B．natural C．historical D．valuable 14．A．protect B．keep C．save D．preserve 15．A．admire B．enjoy C．love D．like During the Warring States Period (475～221BC), King Zhao of the State of Yan (燕昭王) had a big dream. He 1 to make his state stronger and knew that he needed 2 people to work for him. 3 , it wasn’t easy to find those kinds of people. One day, he went to ask a scholar (学者) named Guo Wei for 4 . Guo Wei then told him an interesting story. There was once a king who had a special 5 . He liked Qianlima (千里马). So he 6 many people to look for these horses and buy them for him. But after three years, 7 could find such a horse for him. Later, a man 8 to help. In just three months, he got the news that there might be a Qianlima. He quickly went to find it. Sadly, when he arrived, the horse had already died. But the man didn’t 9 . Instead, he 10 the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold. When he brought the bones back to the king, the king was very 11 . “What I want is a live horse, not the bones of a dead horse.” he shouted. The man replied calmly, “Your Majesty, just think about it. You’re willing to 12 such a high price for a dead horse. Then people will know that you truly want to buy the horses. Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon.” 13 , what the man said was right. Within a year, many 14 of Qianlima brought their horses to the king. After hearing the story, Guo Wei told King Zhao that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. “If I am valued (被重视) by you, more talents will be willing to serve the state,” Guo Wei said. King Zhao understood. He built nice houses for Guo Wei and 15 him as a respected teacher. And as expected, soon more talented people came to help the king and made the State of Yan stronger. 1．A．decided B．refused C．continued D．helped 2．A．talented B．kind C．perfect D．beautiful 3．A．Since B．Although C．However D．Because 4．A．people B．advice C．power D．money 5．A．memory B．hobby C．opinion D．object 6．A．offered B．left C．sent D．caught 7．A．anybody B．nobody C．somebody D．everybody 8．A．hated B．feared C．volunteered D．failed 9．A．take away B．give away C．give out D．give up 10．A．bought B．sold C．lost D．found 11．A．happy B．excited C．angry D．worried 12．A．cost B．pay C．spend D．take 13．A．In his opinion B．At first C．In fact D．In silence 14．A．buyers B．owners C．customers D．shoppers 15．A．taught B．trained C．pushed D．regarded 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $