Unit 1 The Changing World 单元词汇重难点、易错点精练-2026-2027学年新人教版九年级英语上学期

该初中英语知识清单聚焦“Unit 1 The Changing World”单元，系统梳理核心词汇重难点与易错点，涵盖核心单词、短语、词形转换三大知识范畴，搭建从基础背默到句子语境运用再到语篇综合实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“基础-进阶-拓展”三级分类呈现知识体系，如基础练设单词短语默写夯实根基，进阶练用句子填空与单选用法深化理解，拓展练以完形填空和短文填空训练语篇运用，培养学生语言能力与学习能力。特别设计单词变形专项（如rough→roughly）和语境化练习（如“狭窄且肮脏”短语搭配），助力不同学生高效掌握，教师可据此精准实施分层教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 The Changing World 词汇重难点、易错点精练 目录 · 基础练 单元核心重点词汇背默练：通过背默单元核心重点词汇，夯实词汇基础，打牢根基。 · 进阶练 词汇句子语境练：在核心重点词汇背默练基础上，通过在句子中练习词汇，体会词汇在具体语境中的用法，熟悉词汇的搭配规则和适用场景，深化对词汇的理解与运用能力。 · 拓展练 词汇语篇综合练：结合单元主题，将词汇融入综合性语篇练习中，训练在完整语篇中灵活运用词汇的能力，同时帮助建立词汇和主题语境的关联，提升综合语言运用能力。 单元核心重点词汇背默练 一、核心单词默写 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 rough adj. 崎岖的 sandstorm n. 沙尘暴 farmland n. 耕地 shortage n. 短缺 lack n. 缺乏 soil n. 土壤 sandy adj. 铺满沙子的;含沙的 government n. 政府 support n.&v. 支持 corn n. 玉米;谷物 greenhouse n. 温室 highway n. 公路 railway n. 铁路 attraction n. 向往的地方;吸引力 product n. 产品 greatly adv. 大大地;非常 socialist adj. 社会主义的n. 社会主义者 housing n. 住房;住宅 digital adj. 电子的 audio adj. 音频的; n.音频 dirt n. 泥土;尘土 wide adj. 宽的;宽阔的 capital n. 首都 benefit v.得益于;使受益; n. 优势; 益处 convenient adj. 方便的 business n. 生意;商业 ease n. 容易;自在 manager n. 经理 conclusion n. 总结 narrow adj. 狭窄的 villager n. 村民 lead v. 带领;过(某种生活); n.领先地位;主角 junior adj. 低年级的;初级的 flat n. 公寓 discussion n. 讨论 二、核心短语默写 bring about 带来;引起 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 be covered with 被......覆盖 lack of ... 缺乏...... with one’s support 在......的支持下 benefit from 从……中受益 be happy with 对......感到满意 with ease 轻而易举地 narrow and dirty 狭窄且肮脏 the Olympics（the Olympic Games） 奥林匹克运动会 三、单词变形 rough adj.崎岖的→ roughly adv.粗略地；粗糙地 shortage n.短缺→ short adj.短的；不足的 lack n.缺乏→ lack v.缺乏 sandy adj.铺满沙子的；含沙的→ sand n.沙子 support n.&v.支持→ supporter n.支持者 attraction n.向往的地方；吸引力→ attract v.吸引→ attractive adj.有吸引力的 product n.产品→ produce v.生产→ production n.生产 greatly adv.大大地；非常→ great adj.伟大的；大的 wide adj.宽的；宽阔的→ widely adv.广泛地 convenient adj.方便的→ convenience n.方便 ease n.容易；自在→ easy adj.容易的→ easily adv.容易地 manager n.经理→ manage v.管理 villager n.村民→ village n.村庄 lead v.带领；过(某种生活)；n.领先地位；主角→ leader n.领导者 discussion n.讨论→ discuss v.讨论 词汇句子语境练 一、根据提示填写单词 1．It is very c________ to pay by e-payment in our life. 【答案】convenient 【详解】句意：在我们生活中使用电子支付是非常方便的。本句为固定句型“It is+形容词+to do sth.”，表示“做某事是……的”，结合首字母c以及语境可知此处表达“方便的”，对应单词convenient。 2．The new policy will b________ people a lot in daily life. 【答案】benefit 【详解】句意：这项新政策将在日常生活中给人们带来很大益处。will是情态助动词，后面必须跟动词原形；结合首字母b与句意“对人有益”，动词benefit（使受益）符合语境。故填benefit。 3．There is a serious s________ of water in the dry farmland. 【答案】shortage 【详解】句意：干旱的农田里存在严重的水资源短缺问题。根据首字母“s”和句子语境，对应的英文单词是“shortage”，“a shortage of...”是固定搭配表示“……的短缺”，符合句子的语法结构与语义要求。 4．The narrow road becomes w________ after rebuilding. 【答案】wide 【详解】句意：重新修建后，狭窄的道路变宽了。根据首字母提示“w”和句意可知，需要填一个形容词作表语，表示道路“变宽了”。“becomes wide”意为“变宽了”，与前文“narrow”（狭窄的）形成对比，符合句意。故填wide。 5．The government will s________ poor farmers and improve their life. 【答案】support 【详解】句意：政府将支持贫困农民，改善他们的生活。根据首字母提示“s”和句意可知，需要填一个动词，与“poor farmers”搭配，表示“支持”。“support”意为“支持”，符合句意。故填support。 6．Our country makes all kinds of new ________ (产品) every year. 【答案】products 【详解】句意：我国每年制造各种各样的新产品。product“产品”，可数名词；空前有all kinds of，空处应填复数名词products。 7．The strong ________ (沙尘暴) influenced the air quality greatly. 【答案】sandstorm 【详解】句意：这场强烈的沙尘暴极大地影响了空气质量。“沙尘暴”对应的英文是“sandstorm”，前面有“The strong（这场强烈的）”修饰，用单数形式即可。 8．His mistake comes from a ________ (缺乏) of experience. 【答案】lack 【详解】句意：他的错误源于缺乏经验。根据中文提示“缺乏”可知，此处需要名词作介词from的宾语，且前面有不定冠词a，故填lack。 9．The teacher told us that we should pay attention to every ________ (方面) of safety. 【答案】aspect 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们要注意安全的方方面面。根据括号内的中文提示“方面”，对应的核心英文单词是aspect。空格前有不定代词every（每一个），其后必须接可数名词的单数形式。 10．There are many ________ (初级的) students playing sports on the playground. 【答案】junior 【详解】句意：操场上有很多初中生在做运动。junior是形容词，意为初级的，junior students固定表示初中生，用来修饰名词students。 11．The old town is full of ________ (狭窄的) roads and ancient small houses. 【答案】narrow 【详解】句意：这座老城镇满是狭窄的道路和古老的小房子。此处应填形容词narrow“狭窄的”作定语，修饰名词roads。 12．My father travels a lot because he has b________ in many different cities. 【答案】business 【详解】句意：我爸爸经常出差，因为他在很多不同的城市都有业务。固定搭配have business in...表示“在……有业务”，首字母b对应单词business。 13．Beijing is the c________ city of China, where the government is based. 【答案】capital 【详解】句意：北京是中国的首都，政府设立于此。空格首字母给出c，结合常识北京是中国首都，“首都”对应的英文单词是capital，capital city为固定搭配，表示“首都城市”。 14．The farmers grow tomatoes in a g________ where the temperature is controlled. 【答案】greenhouse 【详解】句意：农民们在温室里种植番茄，那里的温度是可控的。首字母为“g”，后文“where the temperature is controlled”说明该场所可以控制温度，以“g”开头表示“温室”的单数单词为greenhouse。 15．We need to drive along this h________ for another hour to reach the destination. 【答案】highway 【详解】句意：我们需要沿着这条高速公路再开一个小时才能到达目的地。根据“drive along”和“reach the destination”，以及首字母提示，可知此处highway符合语境，意为“高速公路”，是可数名词，this“这；这个”后接可数名词单数。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 16．The river runs ________ (great) through the whole village. 【答案】greatly 【详解】句意：这条河浩浩荡荡地穿过整个村庄。所给词为great“（程度、规模）大的”，空格处需填入副词修饰动词runs，表示“大大地”，great的副词为greatly。 17．As an experienced _________ (manage), he knows how to make the team work well. 【答案】manager 【详解】句意：作为一名经验丰富的管理者，他懂得如何让团队高效协作。句中形容词experienced修饰名词，括号内manage是动词，意为“管理”，表示从事管理工作的人，需在动词后加后缀-er变为指人名词manager（管理者、经理）。 18．The old bridge _________(build) by Li Chun is world-famous Zhaozhou Bridge. 【答案】built 【详解】句意：这座由李春修建的古桥就是举世闻名的赵州桥。空格修饰名词the old bridge，“桥”和“建造”是被动关系，用过去分词built 作后置定语，表“被建造的”。 19．We had a class ________ (discuss) about how to protect the environment. 【答案】discussion 【详解】句意：我们进行了一次关于如何保护环境的课堂讨论。前面有“a class”，后面需要名词，所以用discussion（讨论）。 20．The ________ (produce) of fruits increases with modern farming skills. 【答案】production 【详解】句意：借助现代化种植技术，水果的产量有所提升。空格前有The，空格后有of fruits，中间需要名词作主语。括号中produce是动词（生产），其名词形式是production（产量/生产）。 21．Many ________ (business) go abroad to do international trade. 【答案】businessmen 【详解】句意：许多商人到国外去做国际贸易。根据“go abroad to do international trade”可知，主语是人，businessman为名词，意为“商人”，符合语境。many后接可数名词复数形式，其复数形式为businessmen。 22．Hundreds of ________ (village) moved to new towns last decade. 【答案】villagers 【详解】句意：过去十年，数百名村民搬到了新城镇。固定搭配hundreds of表示“数百的、成百上千的”，其后需接可数名词复数。结合“moved to new towns”可知主语应该是“村民”，village意为“村庄”，对应名词“村民”为villager，其复数形式是villagers。 23．Hainan is famous for its sunshine, white _________ (sand) beaches and clear sea water. 【答案】sandy 【详解】句意：海南以其阳光、洁白的沙滩和清澈的海水闻名。句中“beaches”提示空格处需填入形容词，修饰名词beaches，在句中作定语。提示词sand的形容词形式为sandy（多沙的，含沙的）。 24．Chinese culture has a great ________ (attract) to people both at home and abroad. 【答案】attraction 【详解】句意：中国文化对国内外的人们都有巨大的吸引力。空格前有不定冠词“a”和形容词“great”，需填名词作宾语；动词attract的名词形式为attraction，意为“吸引力”，且为可数名词，此处用单数形式。 25．The sudden accident, which happened at midnight, ________ (lead) to a big panic in the neighborhood. 【答案】led 【详解】句意：这起发生在午夜的突发事故，在社区里引起了极大的恐慌。主句描述的是过去发生的具体事件，因此用一般过去时；动词lead的过去式为不规则变化led。 三、单项选择 26．My grandma ________ live in the countryside, but now she lives in the city. A．used to B．is used to C．was used to D．use to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的奶奶以前住在乡下，但现在她住在城里。固定搭配used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，句中but now形成今昔对比，符合该短语用法，后接动词原形live。 27．The local ________ has taken many measures to improve the environment. A．support B．corn C．government D．product 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当地政府采取了许多措施改善环境。 support支持；corn玉米；government政府；product产品。只有政府才有权力出台改善环境的举措，其余单词均不符合语境。 28．We all ________ from the new policy which helps us save more money every month. A．benefit B．lead C．link D．balance 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们都从这项新政策中受益，它帮我们每个月省下更多钱。 benefit得益于；lead引领；link连接；balance平衡。根据“which helps us save more money every month”可知，从新政策中受益了，benefit from“从……中受益”，符合语境。 29．It’s ________ to use the subway in big cities, so many people choose it instead of driving. A．convenient B．rough C．admirable D．inspiring 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在大城市乘坐地铁很方便，所以很多人选择地铁而不是开车出行。 convenient方便的；rough崎岖的；admirable令人钦佩的；inspiring鼓舞人心的。地铁出行便捷，契合人们选地铁代替自驾的语境，应选convenient。 30．With the development of ________ technology, our life is becoming more convenient. A．high-tech B．digital C．man-made D．sandy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：随着高科技的发展，我们的生活正变得更加便利。 high-tech高科技的；digital数字的；man-made人造的；sandy沙地的。根据语境“让生活变得便利的技术”可知，此处表达“高科技”，应选high-tech。 31．Because of water ________, many people in this village have to walk far to get clean water. A．lack B．shortage C．root D．soil 【答案】B 【详解】句意：由于水资源短缺，这个村里的许多人不得不走很远去取干净的水。 lack缺乏（常与of连用）；shortage短缺（常与of连用）；root根；soil土壤。根据“walk far to get clean water”可知，此处指水资源短缺，water shortage为常用搭配，shortage符合语境。 32．The road is too ________ for two cars to pass at the same time. A．wide B．narrow C．rough D．flat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这条路太窄了，无法两辆车同时通行。 wide宽阔的；narrow狭窄的；rough粗糙的；flat平坦的。无法两车并行说明道路狭窄，应填narrow。 33．The local government gave much ________ to farmers to plant bushes on sandy land. A．support B．shortage C．product D．root 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当地政府给予农民很多支持，以便他们在沙地上种植灌木。 support支持；shortage短缺；product产品；root根。根据“The local government gave much...to farmers to plant bushes on sandy land.”可知，政府为了帮助农民在沙地种植灌木，通常会提供“支持”，应填support。 34．The hills ________ sand twenty years ago, but now they are full of trees. A．covered with B．were covered with C．cover with D．are covered with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些山丘二十年前被沙子覆盖，但现在它们长满了树。 根据时间状语“twenty years ago”可知句子时态为一般过去时；主语“The hills”与动词“cover”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态be covered with；主语是复数，be动词用were。were covered with符合语法与语境。 35．He finished all the difficult tasks ________, because he is very experienced. A．with ease B．in conclusion C．in short D．greatly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他轻松完成了所有困难的任务，因为他经验十分丰富。 with ease轻松地；in conclusion总之；in short简而言之；greatly非常、大大地。根据后半句“经验丰富”，说明他能轻松完成难题，with ease符合语境。 36．The old ________ in the village are friendly to every visitor. A．managers B．villagers C．products D．miracles 【答案】B 【详解】句意：村里的老年村民对每位游客都很友好。 managers管理者；villagers村民；products产品；miracles奇迹。根据地点状语“in the village”以及能对游客友好的语境，此处表示“村民”，应填villagers。 37．People living near the new road ________ greatly from convenient traffic. A．benefit B．lack C．ease D．conclude 【答案】A 【详解】句意：住在新路附近的人们极大地受益于便利的交通。 benefit受益；lack缺乏；ease减轻；conclude得出结论。固定搭配benefit from意为“从……中获益”，结合“便利的交通”语境，benefit符合题意。   38．Now, people use ________ payment like Alipay or WeChat Pay instead of cash when shopping. A．digital B．paper C．coin D．credit 【答案】A 【详解】句意：现在，人们在购物时使用数字支付，如支付宝或微信支付，而不是现金。 digital数字的；paper纸的；coin硬币；credit信用。根据“people use...payment like Alipay or WeChat Pay instead of cash when shopping.”可知，支付宝和微信支付属于数字支付方式，与现金形成对比，digital符合语境。 39．The small village has ________ a lot. It wasn’t so modern ten years ago. A．changed B．increased C．improved D．reduced 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个小村庄改变了很多。十年前它没那么现代化。 changed改变；increased增加；improved改善；reduced减少。根据“It wasn’t so modern ten years ago.”可知，村庄现在与过去不同，强调状态发生了变化，changed符合语境。 40．—You look unhappy. What happened? —I asked the company for a job, but I was turned down because of ________ experience. A．plenty of B．lack of C．full of D．tons of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你看起来不开心。发生了什么？——我向这家公司求职，但是因为缺乏经验被拒绝了。 plenty of“许多”；lack of“缺乏”；full of“充满”；tons of“大量”。根据“I was turned down”可知，说话者由于缺乏经验而被拒绝。 词汇语篇综合练 四、完形填空 While studying the map of China, have you ever noticed the Mu Us Desert (毛乌素沙漠) in the northwest? If you haven’t, then you will 41 never. It’s because the desert is disappearing. It’s the result of years of 42 trees. The Mu Us Desert used to be one of the 43 deserts in China. Because sandstorms were common, lots of people had to leave their homes. The fight against desertification (沙漠化) 44 in the 1970s. The work was more than 45 . A leader led a team to plant trees in Yulin, Shaanxi. They often spent a whole afternoon planting trees under the burning sun. 46 , a strong wind blew away all the young trees. Crying was useless. The next day, the team replanted the trees. There are many other sandstorm fighters. Guo Chengwang is among them. With the encouragement of the 47 , in 1985, he started to plant trees in his village. Guo is now in his nineties. His children, grandchildren and great grandchildren have joined him to 48 the job. These trees have made a 49 difference in this area. In Yulin, the number of 50 days has dropped from 100 in 2000 to 10 now. With their efforts, the Mu Us Desert will be gone. Our motherland is becoming greener and greener. 41．A．exactly B．mostly C．probably D．normally 42．A．brushing B．planting C．watering D．picking 43．A．smallest B．largest C．highest D．shortest 44．A．began B．taught C．spread D．noticed 45．A．useless B．lonely C．funny D．tiring 46．A．Also B．Although C．However D．Since 47．A．government B．courage C．environment D．experience 48．A．refuse B．influence C．continue D．wonder 49．A．great B．kind C．soft D．fair 50．A．sandy B．rainy C．sunny D．foggy 【答案】41．C 42．B 43．B 44．A 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍毛乌素沙漠多年植树治沙的过程，讲述一代代治沙人坚持种树，让沙漠环境大幅改善的故事。 【详解】41．句意：如果你还没留意过，那你或许永远不会（见到这片沙漠）。 后文提到沙漠正在消失，probably意为“或许、可能”，贴合当下难以见到沙漠的语境；exactly“确切地”、mostly“主要地”、normally“正常地”均不符合句子逻辑。 42．句意：这是多年植树造林带来的成果。 全文围绕治沙种树展开，planting意为“种植”，贴合治理沙漠的核心语境；brushing“刷”、watering“浇水”、picking“采摘”均与治沙主线不符。 43．句意：毛乌素沙漠曾是中国面积最大的沙漠之一。 结合常识与后文严重风沙灾害的描述，largest意为“最大的”，贴合大片荒漠的语境；smallest“最小的”、highest“最高的”、shortest“最短的”均无法修饰沙漠面积。 44．句意：对抗沙漠化的行动始于上世纪七十年代。 后文讲述多年种树治沙历程，began意为“开始”，贴合七十年代开启治沙工作的语境；taught“教授”、spread“传播”、noticed“注意到”均不能搭配行动。 45．句意：这份工作十分劳累辛苦。 后文描写烈日下种树、树苗被大风摧毁，tiring意为“令人疲惫的”，贴合治沙劳作艰难的语境；useless“无用的”、lonely“孤独的”、funny“有趣的”均不符合劳作场景。 46．句意：然而，一场大风把所有幼苗都吹走了。 前文讲辛苦种树，后文树苗被毁存在转折关系，However意为“然而”，贴合前后反差语境；Also“也”、Although“虽然”、Since“自从”均无转折含义。 47．句意：在政府的鼓励下，他1985年开始在村里种树。 结合治沙背景，government意为“政府”，贴合政策扶持群众治沙的语境；courage“勇气”、environment“环境”、experience“经历”均无法构成搭配。 48．句意：他的子女、孙辈和曾孙都加入他，继续这份治沙工作。 前文讲郭成旺数十年种树，continue意为“继续”，贴合后代接续治沙事业的语境；refuse“拒绝”、influence“影响”、wonder“想知道”均不合语境。 49．句意：这些树木给这片地区带来了巨大改变。 make a great difference表示“产生巨大影响”，great“巨大的、重大的”贴合生态巨变的语境；kind“友善的”、soft“柔软的”、fair“公平的”均不能修饰difference。 50．句意：在榆林，沙尘天气从2000年每年100天降至如今10天。 全文围绕治沙减少风沙，sandy意为“沙尘的、沙土的”，贴合沙漠风沙天气语境；rainy“下雨的”、sunny“晴朗的”、foggy“有雾的”均和治沙主题无关。 五、选词填空 用所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词 change, send, arrive, easy, communicate, video, fast, important, able, become We are living in a changing world. The ways we communicate with others have 51 a lot during the past thirty years. Thirty years ago, people mostly 52 letters to keep in touch with relatives or friends living far away. It usually took many days before letters 53 . If people had something 54 to tell others, they could only use public telephones. However, such phones were not always 55 to find and calling fees (费用) were high. At that time, it was really difficult for people to 56 with others anytime they wanted. Everything has changed since mobile phones and the Internet were invented. Nowadays, almost everyone owns a smartphone. We can send text messages, make calls or have 57 talks with people in other places in just a few seconds. We are 58 to share our photos and daily stories on online apps. Modern communication is much 59 and far more convenient than before. With technology continuing developing, our ways of communication will 60 even better in the future. 【答案】51．changed 52．sent 53．arrived 54．important 55．easy 56．communicate 57．video 58．able 59．faster 60．become 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，对比三十年前与当下人们的沟通方式，展现通讯技术带来的巨大变化。 【详解】51．句意：在过去三十年里，我们和他人沟通的方式改变了很多。此处需要一个动词过去分词，在句中表示“发生改变”。因为句中有现在完成时助动词have，以及“during the past thirty years”，因此填写“change”的过去分词形式“changed”。 52．句意：三十年前，人们大多写信和远方亲友保持联系。此处需要一个动词过去式，在句中表示“寄送”。因为时间标志“Thirty years ago”为一般过去时，固定搭配“send letters”表示“寄信”，所以填写“send”的过去式“sent”。 53．句意：信件送达往往要花费好几天。此处需要一个动词过去式，在句中表示“抵达、送达”。因为主句时态为一般过去时，“before”引导的时间从句时态保持一致，主语“letters”对应动词“arrive”，需变为过去式“arrived”。 54．句意：如果人们有重要的事要告知别人，只能使用公共电话。此处需要一个形容词，在句中表示“重要的”。因为不定代词“something”后需后置形容词修饰，所以选择“important”。 55．句意：然而这类公用电话并不总能轻易找到，而且话费高昂。此处需要一个形容词，在句中表示“容易的”。因为固定搭配“be easy to do sth.”意为“做某事很容易”，此处作系动词“were”的表语，所以选择“easy”。 56．句意：那时候，人们很难随时和他人交流。此处需要一个动词原形，在句中表示“交流、沟通”。因为固定句型“it is difficult for sb. to do sth.”，“to”后接动词原形，以及固定搭配“communicate with sb.”，所以选择“communicate”。 57．句意：我们可以发送短信、打电话，或是在几秒内和异地的人视频通话。此处需要一个名词作定语，在句中表示“视频”。因为固定搭配“have video talks”意为“视频通话”，“video”作定语修饰“talks”，用原形，所以选择“video”。 58．句意：我们能够在线上应用分享照片和日常故事。此处需要一个形容词，在句中表示“能够的”。因为固定短语“be able to do sth.”意为“有能力做某事”，所以填写“able”。 59．句意：现代通讯比从前快得多，也方便得多。此处需要一个形容词比较级，在句中表示“更快的”。因为句中有比较级标志“than”，且“much”修饰比较级，因此填写“fast”的比较级“faster”。 60．句意：随着科技持续发展，我们未来的沟通方式将会变得更好。此处需要一个动词原形，在句中表示“变得、成为”。因为“will”后必须接动词原形，后面接形容词比较级作表语，所以选择“become”。 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或单词的提示，在每个空格内填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Great changes have taken place in both cities and the countryside in recent years. Society 61 (develop) rapidly and brings new chances and challenges. Rural areas used to be backward, but now they 62 (transform) completely. With government support, infrastructure construction is improved. Highways connect villages 63 urban areas closely. Smart farming technology helps farmers produce more crops without 64 (waste) resources. Online sales make local products popular nationwide, 65 (great) increasing villagers’ income. Environmental protection is also a key part of social progress. People realize the 66 (important) of green development. They plant trees to prevent soil loss and sandstorms. The once dry and sandy land 67 (turn) into beautiful scenery over the past decades. As teenagers, we should adapt 68 these active changes. We need to master modern skills and keep 69 (improve) ourselves to make contributions 70 social development in the future. 【答案】61．develops 62．are transformed 63．to 64．wasting 65．greatly 66．importance 67．has turned 68．to 69．improving 70．to 【导语】本文讲述了近年来我国城乡发生的巨大变化，包括社会发展、乡村改造、基础设施建设、农业发展、生态保护等内容，表达了作者对国家发展进步的欣喜及对未来贡献力量的决心。 【详解】61．句意：社会迅速发展并带来新的机遇和挑战。主语Society为第三人称单数，空处动词用and连接与后面的brings并列，描述一般性事实，谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，develop的第三人称单数直接在末尾加-s。 62．句意：农村地区过去很落后，但现在完全改变了。they与transform之间是被动关系，且“now”提示用一般现在时，they为复数，be用are，故用被动语态are transformed。 63．句意：高速公路将村庄与城市紧密连接起来。connect…to…为固定搭配，意为“把……连接到……”。 64．句意：智能农业技术帮助农民生产更多作物而不浪费资源。without为介词，后接动词作宾语应用动名词形式。waste的动名词为wasting。 65．句意：网络销售使当地产品在全国流行，大大增加了村民的收入。空格处修饰动词increasing，应用great的副词形式 greatly。 66．句意：人们意识到绿色发展的重要性。定冠词the后接名词，important的名词形式为importance。 67．句意：过去几十年里，曾经干涸沙化的土地变成了美丽的风景。over the past decades提示用现在完成时，主语The once dry and sandy land为单数，助动词用has。故填has turned。 68．句意：作为青少年，我们应该适应这些积极的变化。adapt to为固定搭配，意为“适应”。 69．句意：我们需要掌握现代技能并不断自我提升。keep doing sth为固定搭配，意为“持续做某事”。故填improving。 70．句意：为未来社会发展做出贡献。make contributions to 为固定搭配，意为“为……做贡献”。 $ Unit 1 The Changing World 词汇重难点、易错点精练 目录 · 基础练 单元核心重点词汇背默练：通过背默单元核心重点词汇，夯实词汇基础，打牢根基。 · 进阶练 词汇句子语境练：在核心重点词汇背默练基础上，通过在句子中练习词汇，体会词汇在具体语境中的用法，熟悉词汇的搭配规则和适用场景，深化对词汇的理解与运用能力。 · 拓展练 词汇语篇综合练：结合单元主题，将词汇融入综合性语篇练习中，训练在完整语篇中灵活运用词汇的能力，同时帮助建立词汇和主题语境的关联，提升综合语言运用能力。 单元核心重点词汇背默练 一、核心单词默写 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 __________ adj. 崎岖的 __________ n. 沙尘暴 __________ n. 耕地 __________ n. 短缺 __________ n. 缺乏 __________ n. 土壤 __________ adj. 铺满沙子的;含沙的 __________ n. 政府 __________ n.&v. 支持 __________ n. 玉米;谷物 __________ n. 温室 __________ n. 公路 __________ n. 铁路 __________ n. 向往的地方;吸引力 __________ n. 产品 __________ adv. 大大地;非常 __________ adj. 社会主义的n. 社会主义者 __________ n. 住房;住宅 __________ adj. 电子的 __________ adj. 音频的; n.音频 __________ n. 泥土;尘土 __________ adj. 宽的;宽阔的 __________ n. 首都 __________ v.得益于;使受益; n. 优势; 益处 __________ adj. 方便的 __________ n. 生意;商业 __________ n. 容易;自在 __________ n. 经理 __________ n. 总结 __________ adj. 狭窄的 __________ n. 村民 __________ v. 带领;过(某种生活); n.领先地位;主角 __________ adj. 低年级的;初级的 __________ n. 公寓 __________ n. 讨论 二、核心短语默写 __________ 带来;引起 __________ 过去常常做某事 __________ 被......覆盖 __________ 缺乏...... __________ 在......的支持下 __________ 从……中受益 __________ 对......感到满意 __________ 轻而易举地 __________ 狭窄且肮脏 __________ 奥林匹克运动会 三、单词变形 rough adj.崎岖的→ __________ adv.粗略地；粗糙地 shortage n.短缺→ __________ adj.短的；不足的 lack n.缺乏→ __________ v.缺乏 sandy adj.铺满沙子的；含沙的→ __________ n.沙子 support n.&v.支持→ __________ n.支持者 attraction n.向往的地方；吸引力→ __________ v.吸引→ __________ adj.有吸引力的 product n.产品→ __________ v.生产→ __________ n.生产 greatly adv.大大地；非常→ __________ adj.伟大的；大的 wide adj.宽的；宽阔的→ __________ adv.广泛地 convenient adj.方便的→ __________ n.方便 ease n.容易；自在→ __________ adj.容易的→ __________ adv.容易地 manager n.经理→ __________ v.管理 villager n.村民→ __________ n.村庄 lead v.带领；过(某种生活)；n.领先地位；主角→ __________ n.领导者 discussion n.讨论→ __________ v.讨论 词汇句子语境练 一、根据提示填写单词 1．It is very c________ to pay by e-payment in our life. 2．The new policy will b________ people a lot in daily life. 3．There is a serious s________ of water in the dry farmland. 4．The narrow road becomes w________ after rebuilding. 5．The government will s________ poor farmers and improve their life. 6．Our country makes all kinds of new ________ (产品) every year. 7．The strong ________ (沙尘暴) influenced the air quality greatly. 8．His mistake comes from a ________ (缺乏) of experience. 9．The teacher told us that we should pay attention to every ________ (方面) of safety. 10．There are many ________ (初级的) students playing sports on the playground. 11．The old town is full of ________ (狭窄的) roads and ancient small houses. 12．My father travels a lot because he has b________ in many different cities. 13．Beijing is the c________ city of China, where the government is based. 14．The farmers grow tomatoes in a g________ where the temperature is controlled. 15．We need to drive along this h________ for another hour to reach the destination. 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 16．The river runs ________ (great) through the whole village. 17．As an experienced _________ (manage), he knows how to make the team work well. 18．The old bridge _________(build) by Li Chun is world-famous Zhaozhou Bridge. 19．We had a class ________ (discuss) about how to protect the environment. 20．The ________ (produce) of fruits increases with modern farming skills. 21．Many ________ (business) go abroad to do international trade. 22．Hundreds of ________ (village) moved to new towns last decade. 23．Hainan is famous for its sunshine, white _________ (sand) beaches and clear sea water. 24．Chinese culture has a great ________ (attract) to people both at home and abroad. 25．The sudden accident, which happened at midnight, ________ (lead) to a big panic in the neighborhood. 三、单项选择 26．My grandma ________ live in the countryside, but now she lives in the city. A．used to B．is used to C．was used to D．use to 27．The local ________ has taken many measures to improve the environment. A．support B．corn C．government D．product 28．We all ________ from the new policy which helps us save more money every month. A．benefit B．lead C．link D．balance 29．It’s ________ to use the subway in big cities, so many people choose it instead of driving. A．convenient B．rough C．admirable D．inspiring 30．With the development of ________ technology, our life is becoming more convenient. A．high-tech B．digital C．man-made D．sandy 31．Because of water ________, many people in this village have to walk far to get clean water. A．lack B．shortage C．root D．soil 32．The road is too ________ for two cars to pass at the same time. A．wide B．narrow C．rough D．flat 33．The local government gave much ________ to farmers to plant bushes on sandy land. A．support B．shortage C．product D．root 34．The hills ________ sand twenty years ago, but now they are full of trees. A．covered with B．were covered with C．cover with D．are covered with 35．He finished all the difficult tasks ________, because he is very experienced. A．with ease B．in conclusion C．in short D．greatly 36．The old ________ in the village are friendly to every visitor. A．managers B．villagers C．products D．miracles 37．People living near the new road ________ greatly from convenient traffic. A．benefit B．lack C．ease D．conclude 38．Now, people use ________ payment like Alipay or WeChat Pay instead of cash when shopping. A．digital B．paper C．coin D．credit 39．The small village has ________ a lot. It wasn’t so modern ten years ago. A．changed B．increased C．improved D．reduced 40．—You look unhappy. What happened? —I asked the company for a job, but I was turned down because of ________ experience. A．plenty of B．lack of C．full of D．tons of 词汇语篇综合练 四、完形填空 While studying the map of China, have you ever noticed the Mu Us Desert (毛乌素沙漠) in the northwest? If you haven’t, then you will 41 never. It’s because the desert is disappearing. It’s the result of years of 42 trees. The Mu Us Desert used to be one of the 43 deserts in China. Because sandstorms were common, lots of people had to leave their homes. The fight against desertification (沙漠化) 44 in the 1970s. The work was more than 45 . A leader led a team to plant trees in Yulin, Shaanxi. They often spent a whole afternoon planting trees under the burning sun. 46 , a strong wind blew away all the young trees. Crying was useless. The next day, the team replanted the trees. There are many other sandstorm fighters. Guo Chengwang is among them. With the encouragement of the 47 , in 1985, he started to plant trees in his village. Guo is now in his nineties. His children, grandchildren and great grandchildren have joined him to 48 the job. These trees have made a 49 difference in this area. In Yulin, the number of 50 days has dropped from 100 in 2000 to 10 now. With their efforts, the Mu Us Desert will be gone. Our motherland is becoming greener and greener. 41．A．exactly B．mostly C．probably D．normally 42．A．brushing B．planting C．watering D．picking 43．A．smallest B．largest C．highest D．shortest 44．A．began B．taught C．spread D．noticed 45．A．useless B．lonely C．funny D．tiring 46．A．Also B．Although C．However D．Since 47．A．government B．courage C．environment D．experience 48．A．refuse B．influence C．continue D．wonder 49．A．great B．kind C．soft D．fair 50．A．sandy B．rainy C．sunny D．foggy 五、选词填空 用所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词 change, send, arrive, easy, communicate, video, fast, important, able, become We are living in a changing world. The ways we communicate with others have 51 a lot during the past thirty years. Thirty years ago, people mostly 52 letters to keep in touch with relatives or friends living far away. It usually took many days before letters 53 . If people had something 54 to tell others, they could only use public telephones. However, such phones were not always 55 to find and calling fees (费用) were high. At that time, it was really difficult for people to 56 with others anytime they wanted. Everything has changed since mobile phones and the Internet were invented. Nowadays, almost everyone owns a smartphone. We can send text messages, make calls or have 57 talks with people in other places in just a few seconds. We are 58 to share our photos and daily stories on online apps. Modern communication is much 59 and far more convenient than before. With technology continuing developing, our ways of communication will 60 even better in the future. 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或单词的提示，在每个空格内填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Great changes have taken place in both cities and the countryside in recent years. Society 61 (develop) rapidly and brings new chances and challenges. Rural areas used to be backward, but now they 62 (transform) completely. With government support, infrastructure construction is improved. Highways connect villages 63 urban areas closely. Smart farming technology helps farmers produce more crops without 64 (waste) resources. Online sales make local products popular nationwide, 65 (great) increasing villagers’ income. Environmental protection is also a key part of social progress. People realize the 66 (important) of green development. They plant trees to prevent soil loss and sandstorms. The once dry and sandy land 67 (turn) into beautiful scenery over the past decades. As teenagers, we should adapt 68 these active changes. We need to master modern skills and keep 69 (improve) ourselves to make contributions 70 social development in the future. $