内容正文:
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 1/30
/ˈhʌŋɡri/
adj. 饥饿的
词性转换
hunger(n. 饥饿);hungrily(adv. 饥饿地)
形态变化
比较级/最高级:hungrier, hungriest
用法搭配
feel hungry(感到饿);hungry for(渴望……)
同义/反义
starving(饿极了的)/ full(饱的)
拓展
表达"非常饿"不用 very hungry 也常说 starving / famished。"I could eat a horse."是英语中表达极度饥饿的幽默说法。
课本原句
I'm so hungry that I can eat a horse! ——我饿得能吃下一匹马!(英语夸张表达)
1/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 2/30
/ˈdɒktə(r)/
n. 医生;博士
词性转换
doctoral(adj. 博士的);doctoring(n. 行医)
形态变化
复数:doctors;所有格:doctor's(医生的)——the doctor's advice(医生的建议);the doctor's(诊所,简称)
用法搭配
see a doctor(看医生);family doctor(家庭医生)
同义/反义
physician(内科医生)/ patient(病人)
拓展
doctor 作"博士"义时缩写为 Dr.,放在姓氏前,如 Dr. Li。英语谚语:An apple a day keeps the doctor away.(一天一苹果,医生远离我。)
2/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 3/30
/jʌŋ/
adj. 年轻的;年幼的
词性转换
youngster(n. 年轻人);youth(n. 青春;青年)
形态变化
比较级/最高级:younger, youngest
用法搭配
young people(年轻人);too young(太年轻)
同义/反义
youthful(年轻的)/ old(年老的)
拓展
the young 可泛指"年轻人"(作复数)。the young and the old(年轻人和老年人)。
课本原句
Young people should eat well and exercise often. ——年轻人应该吃好并常锻炼。
3/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 4/30
/ɪmˈpruːv/
v. 改善;提高
词性转换
improvement(n. 改善;进步);improving(adj. 进步的)
形态变化
过去式/过去分词/现在分词:improved, improved, improving
用法搭配
improve health(改善健康);improve skills(提高技能)
同义/反义
better(改善)/ worsen(恶化)
拓展
improve 可用作及物和不及物动词。My English is improving.(我的英语在进步。)Reading can improve your writing.(阅读能提高你的写作。)
课本原句
A balanced diet can improve your health and your study. ——均衡饮食能改善你的健康和学习。
4/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 5/30
/ˈhæbɪt/
n. 习惯
词性转换
habitual(adj. 习惯性的);habitually(adv. 习惯性地)
形态变化
复数:habits
用法搭配
eating habits(饮食习惯);good habit(好习惯)
同义/反义
custom(习惯;风俗)/ —
易混辨析
habit vs custom——habit 是个人的习惯(无意识反复做的行为),custom 是社会/群体的风俗习惯。It's my habit to drink water after getting up. It's a Chinese custom to eat dumplings at the Spring Festival.
课本原句
Good eating habits help you stay healthy. ——好的饮食习惯帮你保持健康。
例句
Brushing your teeth is a good habit.
5/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 6/30
/ˌfɑːst ˈfuːd/
n. 快餐
词性转换
fast-food(adj. 快餐的)
形态变化
不可数名词短语,无复数
用法搭配
fast food restaurant(快餐店);eat fast food(吃快餐)
同义/反义
junk food(垃圾食品)/ healthy food(健康食品)
拓展
世界知名快餐品牌:McDonald's(麦当劳)、KFC(肯德基)、Subway(赛百味)。快餐文化 20 世纪在美国兴起,现在全球流行。但 fast ≠ junk——一些快餐也可以做得健康。
课本原句
Fast food may taste good, but it's not always healthy. ——快餐可能好吃,但不一定健康。
6/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 7/30
/sɔːlt/
n. 盐;adj. 咸的
词性转换
salty(adj. 咸的);saltless(adj. 无盐的)
形态变化
不可数名词,无复数
用法搭配
add some salt(加些盐);a pinch of salt(一小撮盐)
同义/反义
sodium(钠)/ sugar(糖)
拓展
盐在古代非常珍贵,英文 salary(工资)源自拉丁语 salarium,原指发给罗马士兵"买盐的钱"。习语 take sth with a grain/pinch of salt(对某事半信半疑)。
课本原句
Too much salt in food can cause health problems. ——食物中太多盐会导致健康问题。
7/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 8/30
/fæt/
n. 脂肪;肥肉;adj. 胖的
词性转换
fatty(adj. 含脂肪多的);fatten(v. 使……变胖)
用法搭配
body fat(体脂);low-fat(低脂的)
同义/反义
overweight(超重的)/ thin(瘦的)
拓展
fat 作形容词直接说人"胖"不太礼貌,可用 overweight、big、heavy 代替。健康知识:脂肪分为 saturated fat(饱和脂肪,不好)和 unsaturated fat(不饱和脂肪,适量有益)。
课本原句
Food with too much fat is not good for your heart. ——脂肪太多的食物对心脏不好。
例句
This meat has too much fat on it.
这块肉上面有太多肥肉。
8/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 9/30
/ˌpʊt ˈɒn/
短语 增加(体重);穿上;上演
词性转换
put(v. 放)
用法搭配
put on weight(增加体重);put on a coat(穿上外套)
同义/反义
gain(增加)/ lose(减少)
易混辨析
put on vs wear vs dress——put on 强调"穿"的动作(瞬间);wear 强调"穿着"的状态(持续);dress 意为"给……穿衣服"或"穿正装"。Put on your coat—it's cold outside. / She is wearing a nice dress.
课本原句
If you eat fast food every day, you'll put on weight quickly. ——如果你每天吃快餐,你会很快长胖。
例句
If you eat too many sweets, you will put on weight.
9/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 10/30
/weɪt/
n. 重量;体重
词性转换
weighty(adj. 重的;重要的);weigh(v. 称重量;重……)
形态变化
不可数名词,无复数
用法搭配
lose weight(减肥);put on weight(增重)
同义/反义
heaviness(重量)/ lightness(轻)
课本原句
You should eat less if you want to lose weight. ——想减肥的话你应该少吃点。
例句
What is your weight?
你体重多少?
10/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 11/30
/ˈhæmbɜːɡə(r)/
n. 汉堡包
词性转换
burger(n. 汉堡,简称)
形态变化
复数:hamburgers
用法搭配
a beef hamburger(牛肉汉堡);cheese hamburger(芝士汉堡)
同义/反义
sandwich(三明治)/ —
拓展
hamburger 名字来源于德国城市 Hamburg(汉堡),但现代汉堡包是美国文化的象征。简称 burger 可构成新词:cheeseburger(芝士汉堡)、chicken burger(鸡肉汉堡)、veggie burger(素汉堡)。
课本原句
Hamburgers and chips are popular but they are not healthy. ——汉堡和薯条很受欢迎,但不健康。
11/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 12/30
/kɔːz/
v. 导致;引起;n. 原因;事业
词性转换
causable(adj. 可引起的);causation(n. 原因)
形态变化
过去式/过去分词/现在分词:caused, caused, causing
用法搭配
cause problems(引起问题);cause illness(导致疾病)
同义/反义
lead to(导致)/ prevent(防止)
易混辨析
cause vs because——cause 是动词/名词(导致/原因),because 是连词(因为)。Eating too much causes health problems. vs You should eat less because it's healthier.
课本原句
Eating too much sugar can cause tooth problems. ——吃太多糖会导致牙齿问题。
12/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 13/30
/hɑːt/
n. 心脏;内心
词性转换
hearty(adj. 由衷的;丰盛的);heartless(adj. 无情的)
形态变化
复数:hearts
用法搭配
heart disease(心脏病);from the heart(发自内心)
同义/反义
core(核心)/ —
形近词
hear(v. 听见);heat(n. 热)
拓展
heart 在英语中有丰富比喻义:break one's heart(使心碎)、learn by heart(记住、背诵)、heart and soul(全心全意)。♡(心形)在短信中常用。
课本原句
A healthy diet is good for your heart. ——健康饮食对心脏有好处。
13/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 14/30
/ˈbælənst/
adj. 均衡的;平衡的
词性转换
balance(n./v. 平衡);unbalanced(adj. 不平衡的)
形态变化
比较级/最高级:more balanced, most balanced
用法搭配
a balanced diet(均衡饮食);balanced meals(均衡的一日三餐)
同义/反义
even(平均的)/ unbalanced(不平衡的)
拓展
balanced 的动词原形是 balance(使平衡)。balance 也是一项体育技能(平衡能力)。
14/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 15/30
/tuː tuː/
句型 太……而不能……
用法搭配
too young to cook(太小不能做饭);too hot to eat(太烫不能吃)
同义/反义
so...that...not...(如此……以致不……)/ —
拓展
too...to... 与 so...that...not... 可转换:The soup is too hot to drink. = The soup is so hot that I can't drink it. 如果 too 前有 not/never,则表肯定:You are never too young to learn.(活到老学到老。)
课本原句
Some children are too young to cook for themselves. ——有些孩子太小了不能自己做饭。
例句
The soup is too hot to drink.
汤太烫了,没法喝。
15/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 16/30
/ˈsliːpi/
adj. 困倦的;想睡的
词性转换
sleep(n./v. 睡觉);sleepless(adj. 失眠的)
形态变化
比较级/最高级:sleepier, sleepiest
用法搭配
feel sleepy(感到困);look sleepy(看起来困)
同义/反义
drowsy(昏昏欲睡的)/ awake(清醒的)
易混辨析
sleepy vs asleep——sleepy 是"困的、想睡的"(还没睡),asleep 是"睡着的"(已入睡)。I feel sleepy, so I'm going to bed. / The baby is asleep now.
课本原句
After eating too much, I often feel sleepy. ——吃太多之后我经常犯困。
例句
I feel sleepy after a big meal.
16/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 17/30
/ˌɑːftər ˈɔːl/
短语 毕竟;终究
用法搭配
After all, health comes first.(毕竟健康第一。)
同义/反义
in the end(最终)/ —
拓展
after all 有两个含义:① "毕竟、终究"(引出根本原因);② "结果、还是"(表示与预期相反)。I thought it would rain, but it didn't after all.(我以为会下雨,结果还是没下。)
课本原句
It's okay to eat fast food sometimes. After all, we're only young once. ——偶尔吃快餐没事,毕竟我们只年轻一次。
例句
Don't worry too much. After all, you are still young.
别担心太多,毕竟你还年轻。
17/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 18/30
/əˈweɪ/
adv. 离开;不在
词性转换
awayness(n. 不在;缺席)
用法搭配
go away(走开);far away(遥远)
同义/反义
off(离开)/ near(附近)
拓展
away 常与动词搭配构成短语动词:put away(收好)、throw away(扔掉)、run away(跑开)、stay away(远离)。Keep away from junk food!(远离垃圾食品!)
课本原句
Keep unhealthy snacks away from your desk. ——把不健康的零食从书桌边拿开。
例句
Put away the junk food.
把垃圾食品收起来。
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Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 19/30
/pɔː(r)/
adj. 贫穷的;可怜的;差的
词性转换
poverty(n. 贫穷);poorly(adv. 差地;糟糕地)
形态变化
比较级/最高级:poorer, poorest
用法搭配
poor health(身体不好);the poor(穷人)
同义/反义
needy(贫困的)/ rich(富有的)
拓展
poor 一词多义:① 贫穷的(a poor family);② 可怜的(Poor boy! 可怜的孩子!);③ 差/不佳(poor eyesight 视力差)。the poor = 穷人(the + 形容词表一类人,作复数)。
课本原句
Poor eating habits can make you feel tired and sick. ——不好的饮食习惯会让你感到累和生病。
19/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 20/30
/rɪˈzʌlt/
n. 结果;成绩;v. 导致
词性转换
resultant(adj. 因而发生的);resultful(adj. 有结果的)
形态变化
复数:results;过去式/过去分词/现在分词:resulted, resulted, resulting
用法搭配
as a result(结果;因此);good result(好结果)
同义/反义
outcome(结果)/ cause(原因)
拓展
as a result(因此、结果),as a result of(由于……的结果)。He ate too much. As a result, he felt sick. = As a result of eating too much, he felt sick.
课本原句
As a result of eating too much junk food, he became overweight. ——由于吃太多垃圾食品,他超重了。
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Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 21/30
/ˈɑːtɪkl/
n. 文章;物品;冠词
词性转换
articled(adj. 签订了契约的)
形态变化
复数:articles
用法搭配
read an article(读一篇文章);a news article(新闻文章)
同义/反义
essay(短文;文章)/ —
拓展
article 的三重含义:① 文章(read an article);② 物品(articles of clothing 衣物);③ 冠词(英语语法中 a/an/the 称为 articles)。初中语法重点:definite article(定冠词 the)vs indefinite article(不定冠词 a/an)。
课本原句
We read an article about food and health in class. ——我们在课堂上读了一篇关于食物与健康的文章。
21/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 22/30
/ˈkɒmən/
adj. 常见的;普通的;共同的
词性转换
commonly(adv. 通常地);commonness(n. 普通)
形态变化
比较级/最高级:commoner / more common, commonest / most common
用法搭配
common problem(常见问题);in common(共同;共有)
同义/反义
usual(通常的)/ rare(罕见的)
拓展
have sth in common(有共同之处)——We both love sports—that's something we have in common. the common people(普通百姓)。
课本原句
It's common for students to choose unhealthy snacks. ——学生选择不健康零食很常见。
22/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 23/30
/əˈmʌŋ/
prep. 在……之中(三者及以上)
词性转换
amongst(prep. 在……之中,同among)
用法搭配
among friends(在朋友中间);among students(在学生中)
同义/反义
between(在两者之间)/ —
易混辨析
among vs between——among 用于三者及以上(在群体中),between 用于两者之间。She is sitting among her friends.(在朋友群中)vs She is sitting between Tom and Jack.(在两人之间)。
形近词
along(prep. 沿着);amount(n. 数量)
课本原句
Dumplings are very popular among Chinese people. ——饺子在中国人中非常受欢迎。
23/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 24/30
/sɒft/
adj. 软的;柔软的
词性转换
soften(v. 使……变软);softly(adv. 柔软地);softness(n. 柔软)
形态变化
比较级/最高级:softer, softest
用法搭配
soft drink(软饮料);soft bread(软面包)
同义/反义
tender(嫩的)/ hard(硬的)
拓展
soft 还可表示"柔和的"(soft light 柔和的光线)、"温和的"(soft voice 温柔的声音)。soft skills(软技能,如沟通能力、团队合作等,与 hard skills 专业技能相对)。
课本原句
Fresh bread is soft and smells wonderful. ——新鲜面包很软,闻起来很香。
24/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 25/30
/ˌsɒft ˈdrɪŋk/
n. 软饮料(不含酒精的饮料,如汽水、果汁)
词性转换
soft-drink(adj. 软饮料的)
形态变化
复数:soft drinks
用法搭配
have a soft drink(喝软饮料);too many soft drinks(太多软饮料)
同义/反义
soda(汽水)/ water(水)
拓展
soft drink 的"soft"指不含酒精(alcohol),对应 hard drink(烈酒)。常见软饮料:cola、sprite、orange juice、iced tea。A can of soft drink may have 7-10 teaspoons of sugar!
课本原句
Try to drink water instead of soft drinks. ——试着喝水代替软饮料。
25/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 26/30
/ɪˈnʌf/
adj. 足够的;adv. 足够地;pron. 足够
词性转换
sufficient(adj. 足够的)
用法搭配
enough water(足够的水);good enough(足够好)
同义/反义
sufficient(足够的)/ insufficient(不足的)
易混辨析
enough 的位置——enough 修饰名词时放在名词前面(enough water / enough time),修饰形容词/副词时放在后面(good enough / fast enough)。✅ enough money ✅ old enough ❌ enough old。
课本原句
Are you getting enough fruit and vegetables? ——你吃的水果和蔬菜够吗?
例句
Do you get enough sleep every night?
你每晚睡眠充足吗?
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Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 27/30
/ˈθɜːsti/
adj. 口渴的;渴望的
词性转换
thirst(n. 口渴);thirstily(adv. 口渴地)
形态变化
比较级/最高级:thirstier, thirstiest
用法搭配
feel thirsty(感到口渴);thirsty for knowledge(渴望知识)
同义/反义
dry(口渴的)/ hungry(饥饿的)
拓展
thirsty for 引中义为"渴望"。She is thirsty for success.(她渴望成功。)口渴了除了 water,还可以说 drink 或 have a drink。dehydrated = 脱水的(极渴状态)。
课本原句
After running, I always feel tired and thirsty. ——跑步后我总是又累又渴。
27/30
Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 28/30
/ɡɒŋbaʊ ˈtʃɪkɪn/
n. 宫保鸡丁
用法搭配
order Gongbao chicken(点宫保鸡丁);cook Gongbao chicken(做宫保鸡丁)
同义/反义
kung pao chicken(宫保鸡丁,另一种拼法)/ —
拓展
宫保鸡丁以清代官员丁宝桢的官衔"宫保"命名。主料:鸡肉丁(diced chicken)、花生(peanuts)、干辣椒(dried chili peppers)。在海外中餐馆(Chinese restaurants abroad)几乎都有这道菜,是外国人最熟悉的中国菜之一。
课本原句
Gongbao chicken is one of the most popular Chinese dishes in the world. ——宫保鸡丁是世界上最受欢迎的中国菜之一。
例句
Gongbao chicken is a famous Chinese dish.
宫保鸡丁是一道著名的中国菜。
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Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 29/30
/əˈmerɪkə/
n. 美国;美洲
词性转换
American(adj. 美国的;n. 美国人)
用法搭配
in America(在美国);North America(北美洲)
同义/反义
the USA(美国)
拓展
America 可指"美国"(the United States of America 的简称),也可指"美洲"(包括 North America 北美洲 和 South America 南美洲)。正式场合称美国宜用 the USA / the US。美洲大陆以探险家 Amerigo Vespucci 的名字命名。
课本原句
Fast food culture started in America. ——快餐文化起源于美国。
例句
Fast food is very common in America.
快餐在美国很普遍。
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Unit 4 Eat Well · Section B · Word 30/30
/dɒŋpəʊ pɔːk/
n. 东坡肉
用法搭配
try Dongpo pork(尝尝东坡肉);a dish of Dongpo pork(一盘东坡肉)
同义/反义
braised pork belly(红烧五花肉)/ —
拓展
东坡肉因北宋大文豪苏东坡(Su Shi)而得名。传说苏东坡在杭州做官时创制了这道菜。用五花肉慢炖至酥烂,色泽红亮,肥而不腻。杭州至今有"东坡肉"作为地方名菜。这是中国饮食文化中"名人+美食"的经典例子。
课本原句
Dongpo pork is named after Su Dongpo, a famous poet in ancient China. ——东坡肉以中国古代著名诗人苏东坡命名。
例句
Dongpo pork is a traditional Chinese dish.
东坡肉是一道中国传统名菜。
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1680.0
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1872.0
1680.0
1584.0
1632.0
1536.0
1728.0
1632.0
1536.0
1728.0
1680.0
1728.0
1776.0
1632.0
1536.0
1632.0
1632.0
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1584.0
1728.0
1920.0
1632.0
1728.0
2016.0
1776.0
1968.0
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