Unit4 Safety first Story time (讲义)-2026-2027学年译林版(三起)英语五年级上册

2026-07-11
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摘要:

本讲义聚焦“安全”主题,系统梳理安全核心词汇(safety, push, climb等)、should/shouldn't建议表达、祈使句(Don't...)、can/can't许可用法及字母组合gr发音规律,构建从词汇积累到句型运用再到语法综合的递进式学习支架。 资料以情境化课文(体育课、游泳池场景)为载体,设计安全海报制作、校园安全观察等实践活动,融入国际安全标志文化拓展,提升语言能力(用英语交流安全规则),培养文化意识(中西方安全教育共识),发展学习能力(自主与合作探究)。课中助力教师高效授课,课后通过分层作业帮助学生巩固知识,查漏补缺。

内容正文:

译林版《英语》五年级上册(2025秋·2024新课标) Unit 4 Safety first — Story time 讲义 ================================================== 一、教学目标 【知识目标】掌握与安全相关的核心词汇(safety, first, pull, push, jump, climb, should, swim, hurt, stairs等);掌握should/shouldn't 表达建议和规则的用法;掌握祈使句的肯定和否定形式;掌握can/can't 表达能力和许可的用法;掌握字母组合gr的发音规律/gr/。 【能力目标】能听懂、会说、会读关于安全规则和注意事项的对话;能用You should/shouldn't...给出安全建议;能用祈使句发出指令;能就安全话题进行简单交流。 【情感目标】培养学生的安全意识,认识到安全第一的重要性;学会在日常生活中遵守安全规则,保护自己和他人的安全;养成注意安全的良好习惯。 【文化目标】了解中西方在安全教育上的共同关注点;认识安全标志的国际通用性;体会'安全第一'是全球共识,安全意识是公民基本素养。 二、课前导入 同学们,你们在学校里有没有注意过安全标志?走廊里说'靠右行走',楼梯上说'不要奔跑',游泳池边写着'禁止跳水'。这些安全规则保护着我们每一个人。今天我们要学习的是Unit 4 Safety first——安全第一。在这一单元中,我们将学习各种安全规则和建议。比如,不应该在非游泳区游泳,运动前应该热身,不应该在楼梯上奔跑。我们还要学习用should/shouldn't来给出建议,用祈使句来表达规则。安全无小事,每一个安全规则都有它存在的意义。同学们,你们知道哪些安全规则?你们平时有没有注意遵守?让我们走进故事,一起学习如何用英语表达安全规则,做一个有安全意识的好孩子吧! 思考问题: What should you do to keep safe at school? (在学校你应该怎么做才能保持安全?) Should you run on the stairs? Why? (你应该在楼梯上奔跑吗?为什么?) What should you do before swimming? (游泳前你应该做什么?) 三、Story time 课文 场景1:PE Class Safety Miss Li: It's time for PE! Let's go to the playground. But first, let's talk about safety. (体育课时间到了!我们去操场吧。但首先,让我们谈谈安全。) Liu Tao: What should we do to keep safe, Miss Li? (李老师,我们应该怎么做才能保持安全?) Miss Li: You should warm up first. It's important before exercise. (你们应该先热身。运动前热身很重要。) Wang Bing: Can we run on the stairs? It's faster! (我们可以在楼梯上跑吗?更快!) Miss Li: No, you shouldn't run on the stairs. It's not safe. You may fall and hurt yourself. (不,你们不应该在楼梯上奔跑。不安全。你可能会摔倒受伤。) Liu Tao: I see. We should walk slowly on the stairs. (我明白了。我们应该在楼梯上慢慢走。) Miss Li: That's right! And don't push others. It's very dangerous. (对!还有不要推别人。这很危险。) Mike: OK, Miss Li. Safety first! (好的,李老师。安全第一!) 📝 词汇注释: • It's time for PE! — 该上体育课了!It's time for + 名词 • warm up first — 先热身,warm up意为'热身' • run on the stairs — 在楼梯上跑 • It's not safe — 不安全 • hurt yourself — 弄伤自己,hurt是动词 • walk slowly — 慢慢走,slowly是副词 • push others — 推别人 • Safety first! — 安全第一! 场景2:By the Swimming Pool Miss Li: Look! There's a swimming pool. Can we swim here? (看!有一个游泳池。我们可以在这里游泳吗?) Su Hai: The water looks nice. Let's swim! (水看起来很好。我们游泳吧!) Miss Li: No, Su Hai. We shouldn't swim here. Look at the sign. It says 'No swimming.' (不,苏海。我们不应该在这里游泳。看那个标志。上面写着'禁止游泳'。) Liu Tao: Oh, I see. We should be careful near water. (哦,我明白了。我们在水边应该小心。) Miss Li: Yes. You should always swim with an adult. And you should warm up first. (是的。你们应该总是和大人一起游泳。而且你们应该先热身。) Mike: What if someone is in danger? What should we do? (如果有人遇到危险怎么办?我们应该做什么?) Miss Li: Don't jump into the water. You should call for help. Safety first! (不要跳进水里。你们应该呼救。安全第一!) All: Yes, Miss Li. Safety first! We should always think about safety. (是的,李老师。安全第一!我们应该时刻注意安全。) 📝 词汇注释: • swimming pool — 游泳池 • No swimming — 禁止游泳,安全标志用语 • be careful — 小心,注意 • swim with an adult — 和大人一起游泳 • in danger — 遇到危险 • call for help — 呼救 • think about safety — 考虑安全 • What if...? — 如果……怎么办? 课文完整翻译: 场景一:体育课安全 李老师:体育课时间到了!我们去操场吧。但首先,让我们谈谈安全。 刘涛:李老师,我们应该怎么做才能保持安全? 李老师:你们应该先热身。运动前热身很重要。 王兵:我们可以在楼梯上跑吗?更快! 李老师:不,你们不应该在楼梯上奔跑。不安全。你可能会摔倒受伤。 刘涛:我明白了。我们应该在楼梯上慢慢走。 李老师:对!还有不要推别人。这很危险。 迈克:好的,李老师。安全第一! 场景二:在游泳池边 李老师:看!有一个游泳池。我们可以在这里游泳吗? 苏海:水看起来很好。我们游泳吧! 李老师:不,苏海。我们不应该在这里游泳。看那个标志。上面写着'禁止游泳'。 刘涛:哦,我明白了。我们在水边应该小心。 李老师:是的。你们应该总是和大人一起游泳。而且你们应该先热身。 迈克:如果有人遇到危险怎么办?我们应该做什么? 李老师:不要跳进水里。你们应该呼救。安全第一! 全体:是的,李老师。安全第一!我们应该时刻注意安全。 四、人物介绍 人物 身份 特点描述 Miss Li 老师 李老师,注重安全教育,引导学生认识安全规则的重要性。 Liu Tao 学生 刘涛,积极提问,认真学习安全规则。 Wang Bing 学生 王兵,提出在楼梯上跑的问题,认识到安全的重要性。 Su Hai 学生 苏海,想下水游泳,被老师提醒注意安全标志。 Mike 学生 迈克,关心他人安全,提问遇到危险时该怎么办。 五、重点词汇精讲 【核心词汇】 单词/短语 音标 释义 例句 safety /ˈseɪfti/ 安全 Safety first! first /fɜːst/ 第一,首先 You should warm up first. should /ʃʊd/ 应该 You should be careful. swim /swɪm/ 游泳 We shouldn't swim here. hurt /hɜːt/ 受伤,疼痛 My leg hurts! stairs /steəz/ 楼梯 Don't run on the stairs. push /pʊʃ/ 推 Don't push others. pull /pʊl/ 拉 Pull the door open. jump /dʒʌmp/ 跳 Don't jump from the stairs. climb /klaɪm/ 爬,攀爬 Don't climb the tree. 【短语搭配】 单词/短语 音标 释义 例句 warm up /wɔːm ʌp/ 热身 You should warm up first. go swimming /ɡəʊ ˈswɪmɪŋ/ 去游泳 Let's go swimming. swimming pool /ˈswɪmɪŋ puːl/ 游泳池 There's a swimming pool. be careful /biː ˈkeəfəl/ 小心,注意 You should be careful. keep safe /kiːp seɪf/ 保持安全 What should you do to keep safe? run on the stairs /rʌn ɒn ðə steəz/ 在楼梯上跑 Don't run on the stairs. keep to the right /kiːp tə ðə raɪt/ 靠右走 Keep to the right in the hallway. safety tips /ˈseɪfti tɪps/ 安全提示 Here are some safety tips. 【拓展词汇】 单词/短语 音标 释义 例句 may /meɪ/ 可以,可能 You may fall. walk /wɔːk/ 走,步行 Walk slowly on the stairs. slowly /ˈsləʊli/ 慢慢地 Walk slowly, please. think /θɪŋk/ 思考,考虑 Think about safety. from /frɒm/ 从 Don't jump from the stairs. danger /ˈdeɪndʒə/ 危险 Don't jump into danger. adult /ˈædʌlt/ 成年人 Swim with an adult. sign /saɪn/ 标志 Look at the sign. 六、句型精讲 句型1:What should you do to keep safe? 语法讲解:这是询问如何保持安全的基本句型。should意为'应该',keep safe意为'保持安全'。to keep safe是目的状语,表示'为了保持安全'。回答用You should + 动词原形。 例句: → What should you do to keep safe? → You should warm up first. → You should be careful near water. 💡 提示:to + 动词原形表示目的,意为'为了……'。如:I go to school to learn.(我去学校为了学习。) 句型2:You should/shouldn't... 语法讲解:should意为'应该',表示建议或规则。shouldn't = should not,意为'不应该',表示禁止或劝阻。should/shouldn't后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用于给出安全建议。 例句: → You should warm up first. → You shouldn't swim here. → You shouldn't run on the stairs. → We should keep to the right. 💡 提示:should/shouldn't是情态动词,后接动词原形。疑问句把should提前:Should we swim here? 否定回答:No, we shouldn't. 句型3:We shouldn't swim here. 语法讲解:否定形式shouldn't + 动词原形,表示'不应该做某事'。here表示地点。这个句型常用于表达安全禁令。注意No swimming也是禁止游泳的表达,但更简洁。 例句: → We shouldn't swim here. → We shouldn't run on the stairs. → You shouldn't push others. 💡 提示:No + v-ing也是常见的禁止表达:No swimming(禁止游泳)、No running(禁止奔跑)、No parking(禁止停车)。 句型4:You should warm up first. 语法讲解:should + 动词原形表示建议。warm up意为'热身',first意为'首先',表示顺序。这个句型用于给出运动前的安全建议。 例句: → You should warm up first. → You should walk slowly on the stairs. → You should be careful near water. 💡 提示:first放在句末表示'先做某事'。warm up是动词短语,up是副词,宾语放在中间:warm yourself up。 句型5:You shouldn't run on the stairs. It's not safe. 语法讲解:用shouldn't表达禁止的行为,再用It's not safe解释原因。on the stairs表示位置。这种'禁止+原因'的结构使建议更有说服力。 例句: → You shouldn't run on the stairs. It's not safe. → You shouldn't push others. It's dangerous. → You shouldn't swim here. Look at the sign. 💡 提示:on the stairs用介词on。表示'在楼梯上'不用in。safe是形容词,safety是名词。 七、语法详解 should / shouldn't 表达建议和规则 should是情态动词,意为'应该',用于表达建议、规则或正确做法。shouldn't = should not,意为'不应该',用于禁止或劝阻。should/shouldn't后接动词原形,没有人称和数的变化(I should, he should, they should都一样)。疑问句把should放在主语前:Should I...? 否定回答:No, 主语 + shouldn't. 在安全语境中,should常用于表达安全规则和建议。 示例: → You should warm up first. → You shouldn't run on the stairs. → Should we swim here? No, we shouldn't. → We should be careful near water. → He shouldn't push others. 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + should + 动词原形 You should be careful. 否定句 主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形 You shouldn't run. 疑问句 Should + 主语 + 动词原形? Should we swim here? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + should. Yes, we should. 否定回答 No, 主语 + shouldn't. No, we shouldn't. 祈使句(肯定和否定) 祈使句用于发出命令、请求或建议。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头,如:Warm up first. / Be careful. 否定祈使句以Don't + 动词原形开头,如:Don't run on the stairs. / Don't push others. 祈使句的主语通常是you(你/你们),但一般省略。在安全标志和规则中,祈使句非常常见。Please可以加在句首或句末使语气更礼貌。 示例: → Warm up first. → Be careful! → Don't run on the stairs. → Don't push others. → Please walk slowly. → Keep to the right. 类型 结构 例句 用途 肯定祈使句 动词原形 + ... Warm up first. 命令/建议 否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形 + ... Don't push others. 禁止/劝阻 礼貌祈使句 Please + 动词原形 + ... Please be careful. 请求 Let's句型 Let's + 动词原形 + ... Let's go to the playground. 建议 can / can't 表达能力和许可 can是情态动词,有两个主要含义:1)表示能力,意为'能,会',如:I can swim.(我会游泳。)2)表示许可,意为'可以',如:Can we swim here?(我们可以在这里游泳吗?)can't = cannot/can not,意为'不能,不可以'。can/can't后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。疑问句把can放在主语前。在安全语境中,can常用于询问是否可以做某事,can't用于禁止。 示例: → Can we swim here? No, you can't. → I can swim well. → You can't run on the stairs. → Can I go to the toilet? Yes, you can. → We can't play near the road. 含义 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 能力 I can swim. I can't swim. Can you swim? 许可 You can go. You can't go. Can I go? 可能 It can happen. It can't happen. Can it happen? 八、发音指导 字母/字母组合 发音 示例单词 gr /gr/ great gr /gr/ green gr /gr/ grapes gr /gr/ grow 九、课堂活动 活动1:Safety Poster Making 活动说明:学生分组制作安全海报,列出校园安全规则并用英语表达。 操作步骤: 步骤1:4人一组,选择一个安全主题(楼梯安全、运动安全、游泳安全等) 步骤2:列出至少4条安全规则,用should/shouldn't或Don't ... 句型表达 步骤3:装饰海报,画上安全标志和警示图片 步骤4:各组展示海报,用英语介绍安全规则 活动类型:手工实践 活动2:Safety Charades 活动说明:学生表演安全行为和不安全行为,其他同学用英语说出对应的规则。 操作步骤: 步骤1:老师准备写有安全场景的卡片(在楼梯跑、热身、在水边玩耍等) 步骤2:学生上台抽取卡片,用动作表演场景(不能说话) 步骤3:其他同学用英语说出规则:You shouldn't run on the stairs. / You should warm up first. 步骤4:说对的同学得分 活动类型:课堂游戏 活动3:Safety Walk 活动说明:带学生在校园内观察安全标志,用英语记录和讨论。 操作步骤: 步骤1:带学生在校园内走一圈,寻找安全标志 步骤2:用英语记录每个标志的内容,如:No running. / Keep to the right. 步骤3:回到教室后讨论这些安全标志的含义和重要性 步骤4:每组选一个标志,用英语解释为什么需要这条安全规则 活动类型:实践探索 十、课堂练习 1. [选择填空] You ______ run on the stairs. It's not safe. A. should B. shouldn't C. can D. do 2. [选择填空] You should ______ first before exercise. A. warm up B. warm on C. warming up D. warms up 3. [选择填空] We shouldn't ______ here. Look at the sign. A. swim B. swimming C. swims D. to swim 4. [选择填空] Can we swim here? No, you ______. A. can B. can't C. should D. shouldn't 5. [选择填空] Don't ______ others. It's dangerous. A. push B. pushing C. pushes D. to push 6. [选择填空] My leg ______! I can't move! A. hurt B. hurts C. hurting D. to hurt 7. [句型转换] You should be careful near water. (改为否定句) A. You shouldn't be careful near water. B. You don't should be careful near water. C. You should no be careful near water. 8. [句型转换] Don't push others. (改为should句型) A. You shouldn't push others. B. You should push others. C. You shouldn't pushing others. 9. [连词成句] should / you / first / warm up (.) A. You should warm up first. B. You should first warm up. C. Should you warm up first. 10. [连词成句] the stairs / run / on / don't (.) A. Don't run on the stairs. B. Don't on the stairs run. C. Run don't on the stairs. 课堂练习答案与解析 答案:B 解析:在楼梯上跑不安全,用shouldn't(不应该)表示禁止。 答案:A 解析:should后接动词原形,warm up是固定短语,意为'热身'。 答案:A 解析:shouldn't后接动词原形swim,不能用swimming。 答案:B 解析:用Can提问,否定回答用can't(不可以)。 答案:A 解析:否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形push。 答案:B 解析:主语 My leg 是第三人称单数,动词 hurt 要加 -s 变为 hurts;hurt 的过去式和过去分词与原形同形,但第三人称单数是 hurts。 答案:A 解析:should的否定形式是should not,缩写为shouldn't,后接动词原形be。 答案:A 解析:否定祈使句Don't push others可转换为You shouldn't push others,意思相同。 答案:A 解析:should后接动词原形warm up,first放在句末表示'先做'。语序:主语+should+动词+副词。 答案:A 解析:否定祈使句结构:Don't + 动词原形run + 地点状语on the stairs。 十一、易错点提示 易错点1 ❌ 错误:You shouldn't to run on the stairs. ✅ 正确:You shouldn't run on the stairs. 📝 说明:shouldn't是情态动词,后接动词原形run,不需要to。 易错点2 ❌ 错误:Don't running on the stairs. ✅ 正确:Don't run on the stairs. 📝 说明:否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形run,不用running。 易错点3 ❌ 错误:You should warms up first. ✅ 正确:You should warm up first. 📝 说明:should 后接动词原形 warm up,不能加 -s。should 不受主语人称影响。 易错点4 ❌ 错误:We can't swimming here. ✅ 正确:We can't swim here. 📝 说明:can't后接动词原形swim,不能用swimming。 易错点5 ❌ 错误:Don't push other. ✅ 正确:Don't push others. 📝 说明:推别人是复数概念,用others(其他的人),不能用单数other。 十二、课后作业 必做作业: 抄写本单元核心词汇和短语各3遍,并背诵 朗读Story time课文3遍,家长签字 完成练习册Unit 4的相关练习 用英语列出5条校园安全规则(用should/shouldn't或Don't ... 句型) 挑战作业(选做): 制作一张家庭安全检查表,列出至少6条家庭安全注意事项 写一篇短文(不少于50词):Safety in Our School 了解3个常见安全标志的英文表达,画出来并标注 家长配合建议: 请家长和孩子一起检查家中的安全隐患,如插座、尖锐物品、湿滑地面等。用英语提醒孩子注意安全,如:You should be careful. / Don't touch that. 培养孩子的安全意识,做到安全第一。 十三、知识网络 知识类别 核心内容 示例 安全规则 should / shouldn't + 动词原形 You shouldn't run on the stairs. 禁止 Don't + 动词原形 / No + v-ing Don't push others. / No swimming. 许可 Can / Can't Can we swim here? No, you can't. 安全词汇 safety / safe / careful / dangerous Safety first! Be careful! 动作 run / walk / push / pull / jump / climb / swim Don't jump from the stairs. 十四、文化拓展 安全第一(Safety first)是全世界通用的理念。在国际上,安全标志使用统一的图形和颜色,让人们即使不懂当地语言也能理解安全规则。红色表示禁止和危险,黄色表示警告和注意,绿色表示安全和通行,蓝色表示指令和规定。例如,红色圆圈加斜杠表示禁止(如No smoking禁止吸烟),黄色三角形表示警告(如Wet Floor小心地滑),绿色表示安全出口(如Emergency Exit紧急出口)。在中国,学校每学期都会进行安全演练,包括消防疏散、地震逃生等,培养学生的安全意识和自救能力。在日本,安全教育更加深入,小学生从一年级就开始学习防灾知识,每个学校都配备应急物资。在美国,学校有专门的'安全员'(safety officer)负责校园安全,每个教室都有紧急疏散路线图。同学们,安全无小事,每一条安全规则都是用经验甚至教训换来的。让我们从现在做起,养成注意安全的好习惯,让安全成为我们的生活方式! 十五、拓展阅读 Safety Tips for Children Safety is very important for everyone. Here are some safety tips for children. First, you should always walk slowly on the stairs. Don't run on the stairs. It's not safe. Second, you shouldn't push others at school. It's dangerous. You may hurt someone. Third, you should warm up first before exercise. It's good for your body. Fourth, you shouldn't swim alone. You should always swim with an adult. Fifth, you should keep to the right in the hallway. Don't run in the hallway. Sixth, you should be careful near water. Don't play near rivers or pools alone. Remember, safety first! If you see someone in danger, don't jump in. Call for help! Always think about safety. Good habits keep us safe and healthy! 参考翻译: 安全对每个人都很重要。这里有一些给孩子的安全提示。第一,你应该总是在楼梯上慢慢走。不要在楼梯上跑。不安全。第二,你不应该在学校推别人。很危险。你可能会弄伤别人。第三,你应该在运动前先热身。这对身体有好处。第四,你不应该独自游泳。你应该总是和大人一起游泳。第五,你应该在走廊里靠右走。不要在走廊里跑。第六,你在水边应该小心。不要独自在河边或泳池边玩耍。记住,安全第一!如果你看到有人遇到危险,不要跳进去。呼救!时刻考虑安全。好习惯让我们安全健康! 阅读理解: 1. Why shouldn't you run on the stairs? 2. What should you do before exercise? 3. What should you do if you see someone in danger in water? 阅读理解参考答案 答案:Because it's not safe. You may fall and hurt yourself. 答案:You should warm up first before exercise. 答案:Don't jump in. Call for help! 十六、家长辅导指南 尊敬的家长,Unit 4的主题是安全第一,这对孩子的健康成长至关重要。五年级的孩子活动范围扩大,自我意识增强,但安全意识还需加强。家长可以通过以下方式配合教学:首先,在家中用英语提醒孩子注意安全,如:You should be careful. / Don't touch that. / Walk slowly. 即使简单的英语也能强化安全意识。其次,和孩子一起检查家中的安全隐患,如插座是否加盖、尖锐物品是否收好、地面是否防滑等。第三,带孩子认识社区里的安全标志,用英语说出它们的含义。第四,教育孩子遇到危险时的正确做法——不要盲目救人,而是呼救求助。第五,以身作则,家长自己也要遵守安全规则,做孩子的榜样。通过家校配合,共同培养孩子'安全第一'的意识,让安全成为孩子的自觉行为。 具体辅导建议: 用英语提醒孩子注意安全:You should be careful. / Don't run. 和孩子一起检查家中安全隐患,如插座、尖锐物品、湿滑地面 带孩子认识社区安全标志,用英语说出含义 教育孩子遇危险时呼救,不盲目施救 以身作则,家长自己遵守安全规则,做孩子的榜样 十七、本单元词汇总表 单词/短语 音标 词性 释义 safety /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全 first /fɜːst/ adv. 首先 pull /pʊl/ v. 拉 push /pʊʃ/ v. 推 jump /dʒʌmp/ v. 跳 climb /klaɪm/ v. 爬 should /ʃʊd/ v.aux. 应该 swim /swɪm/ v. 游泳 hurt /hɜːt/ v. 受伤,疼痛 stairs /steəz/ n. 楼梯 from /frɒm/ prep. 从 may /meɪ/ v.aux. 可以,可能 walk /wɔːk/ v. 走 slowly /ˈsləʊli/ adv. 慢慢地 think /θɪŋk/ v. 思考 safe /seɪf/ adj. 安全的 dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的 adult /ˈædʌlt/ n. 成年人 sign /saɪn/ n. 标志 careful /ˈkeəfəl/ adj. 小心的 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit4 Safety first Story time (讲义)-2026-2027学年译林版(三起)英语五年级上册
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