外刊英语阅读汇编-2027届高三英语二轮阅读理解专项练习（十八）

2026-2027 外刊英语阅读汇编 高三英语二轮阅读理解专项练习（十八） 阅读类目： Passage 1 ：高校分数膨胀：教育类议论文 Passage 2 ：网络用户评价：社会生活类议论文 Passage 3 ：广西洪水科技救援：时事新闻类科普说明文 Passage 4 ：长征 10B 火箭：科技航天类新闻说明文 一、阅读理解。 Passage 1： Grade Inflation 体裁：教育议论文｜难度：★★★☆☆ For decades, grade inflation has troubled higher education across Western countries and gradually drawn attention in Chinese universities. Grade inflation refers to the trend that college students get far higher average GPAs than students decades ago, even though their academic performance shows no obvious improvement. Many factors contribute to this widespread phenomenon. First, student evaluation of teachers plays a big role. Professors worry that strict grading will lead to low student satisfaction scores, which will damage their annual assessment and promotion chances. To win favorable comments, many teachers tend to hand out A grades generously. Besides, modern universities attach great importance to students’ employment competitiveness. Administrators believe high GPAs help graduates stand out in job hunting and postgraduate admission interviews. Therefore, they turn a blind eye to loose grading standards. Some students also push teachers for higher marks, arguing that low grades will ruin their future plans. However, grade inflation brings severe hidden harms. If most students receive A’s, grades lose their original function as a fair measuring tool of academic ability. Top students with real outstanding strengths can no longer be distinguished from ordinary students. Employers and graduate schools cannot rely on transcripts to judge applicants’ learning capacity, forcing them to add more complicated written tests and interviews. Some universities have carried out reforms to fight against grade inflation. They set fixed limits on the percentage of top grades each class can give out and release average class grades together with students’ personal scores. These measures help teachers stick to objective grading and restore the fairness of academic evaluation. 阅读题目 1. What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A. Teachers’ professional assessment is related to students’ evaluation B. Strict grading standards will be banned in most universities C. Professors only focus on their promotion and salary raise D. Student evaluation of teachers is totally unfair and unreasonable 2.Why do many college professors give students more A grades? A. The overall academic level of students has improved greatly B. They want to get good feedback from student evaluations C. School rules require teachers to increase average scores D. High marks can reduce students’ pressure of employment 3.What negative influence does grade inflation create? A. It makes teachers’ annual assessment standards stricter B. Grades fail to reflect students’ real academic levels C. Universities have to cancel many postgraduate programs D. Job seekers refuse to provide their school transcripts 4.What is the text mainly about? A. Effective ways to improve college students’ grades B. Reasons and bad effects of university grade inflation C. How universities carry out teaching evaluation reforms D. The importance of fair competition in job markets Passage 2：Are Online Customer Reviews Trustworthy 体裁：社会议论文｜难度：★★★☆☆ Nowadays, most consumers read online customer reviews before buying goods, booking restaurants or choosing travel services. These reviews are supposed to offer real feedback from ordinary users and help people make wise shopping decisions. But experts warn that we should not fully trust all online comments. A large number of fake reviews flood major shopping and catering platforms. Many shop owners pay online writers to post glowing five-star comments to attract buyers. Some even hire people to write bad reviews to attack their competitors. On the contrary, some negative one-star reviews are also untrue, posted by rivals to damage a store’s reputation. Even real users’ reviews cannot be completely reliable. People’s feelings are highly subjective. One customer may praise a restaurant’s food, while another complains about the same dishes because of different taste preferences. Besides, people tend to leave comments only when they have extreme experiences—either extremely satisfied or extremely disappointed. Most ordinary consumers with neutral feelings choose to stay silent, making review data unbalanced. Platforms have taken steps to clean up false reviews. They use AI systems to identify repetitive fake comments and ban accounts that post paid reviews. However, fraudsters keep updating their ways to avoid detection, making it hard to remove all misleading information. The author suggests consumers treat online reviews rationally. Instead of focusing only on star ratings, people should read large numbers of detailed long reviews and compare information across different shopping platforms before making purchases. 阅读题目 5.Why are there many false five-star reviews online? A. Ordinary customers are satisfied with products voluntarily B. Shop owners pay people to write positive comments C. Platforms reward users who post high-star feedback D. Competitors want to praise each other’s goods 6.What problem exists in real customer reviews? A. They are mostly written by professional writers B. Most reviews only reflect extreme personal feelings C. They always give unfair bad remarks to good shops D. Platforms delete all neutral user comments regularly 7.What can we infer about the platform’s anti-fake measures? A. AI technology can completely clear all false reviews B. Fraud methods keep changing to escape AI checks C. Platforms give up fighting fake reviews for economic benefits D. Every fake review poster will face severe legal punishment 8.What is the author’s attitude toward online customer reviews? A. Fully supportive B. Completely doubtful C. Objective and cautious D. Strongly opposed Passage 3：High-Tech Rescue in Guangxi Floods 体裁：新闻科普｜难度：★★★☆☆ Severe floods triggered by Typhoon Maysak swept across South China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, submerging roads and cutting off mobile communications in dozens of towns and villages. A wide array of technological devices served as vital lifelines for stranded residents during disaster relief operations, illustrating the concept of "tech for good". Vertaxi, a Chinese electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) manufacturer, dispatched E40H drone teams from neighboring Guangdong Province to flood-stricken Qinzhou, Guigang and Nanning. Equipped with airborne mobile base stations, these drones re-established cellular signal coverage within a 50-kilometer radius for remote cut-off areas. Meanwhile, real-time aerial images were sent to response centers to help rescuers judge risks and optimize rescue plans. Drone volunteers traveled across provinces to offer support. Around 100 industrial drones delivered bottled water and first-aid supplies to villages blocked by raging floodwaters. China Mobile activated its four-tier emergency command system, which can launch full-scale disaster response within 10 minutes for fast resource allocation. Severe waterlogging trapped about 12,000 teachers and students at Guigang’s Xijiang Education Park. To carry out large-scale evacuation, China Anneng Group deployed self-propelled modular pontoon bridges on site. Each 60-meter floating platform can bear over 60 tons and carry up to 400 people per trip, with far higher efficiency than traditional small rescue boats. The combination of smart equipment and standardized emergency mechanisms quickly restored basic living conditions in flooded areas. These rescue cases fully prove that technological innovation always prioritizes public safety and provides powerful support during natural disasters. 阅读题目 9.The underlined word “prioritizes” in the last paragraph most probably means ___________. A. puts … at risk B. puts … in the first place C. separates … from others D. relies entirely on … 10.Which statement matches the factual information of the passage? A. Vertaxi’s drones recover communication signals covering a 100-kilometer range B. The modular pontoon bridge can carry at most 60 people for each trip C. China Mobile’s emergency system can launch full disaster response within ten minutes D. Volunteers sent nearly one thousand industrial drones to flooded Guangxi 11.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 4 that ___________. A. Traditional rescue boats are totally useless in large flood evacuation B. eVTOL drones can solve all communication problems caused by floods C. Different high-tech devices take charge of separate rescue tasks D. All rescue equipment is manufactured by local Guangxi enterprises 12.What is the main idea of the whole text? A. High-tech equipment played a crucial role in Guangxi’s flood rescue work B. Multiple provinces sent volunteers and supplies to flood-hit Guangxi C. Typhoon Maysak brought serious waterlogging and huge losses to Guangxi D. China has built mature emergency response systems for natural disasters 13.What is the author’s writing purpose? A. To call on tech firms to develop more flood rescue equipment B. To record the complete disaster process of Typhoon Maysak C. To compare traditional rescue tools with modern intelligent devices D. To introduce how high technology assists flood disaster relief Passage 4:Long March 10B Reusable Rocket Breakthrough 体裁：科技新闻｜难度：★★★☆☆ On July 10, 2026, China completed the maiden flight of the Long March 10B rocket at Hainan Commercial Space Launch Site, achieving two world-first milestones in aerospace history. The mission realized China’s first controlled recovery of a carrier rocket’s first stage, as well as the world’s first successful sea net-capture recovery of an orbital-class launch vehicle. Taking off at 12:15 p.m. Beijing Time, the two-stage rocket accurately sent preset payloads into planned orbit. About six minutes after stage separation, the rocket’s first stage carried out steady vertical descent and was precisely locked on the offshore recovery platform Linghangzhe through a professional buffer net system. The rocket uses two different fuel combinations: the first stage burns kerosene and liquid oxygen, while the second stage runs on liquid methane and liquid oxygen. In reusable mode, it can deliver a 16-ton payload to low Earth orbit. Different from SpaceX’s landing-leg recovery design, Long March 10B’s legless net-capture structure greatly reduces the rocket’s structural weight and improves launch efficiency. This independently developed technical path sharply slashes launch costs and clears the way for frequent low-cost space missions. Officials confirmed the recovered booster will finish a re-flight verification test before the end of 2026. As the core transport vehicle for China’s upcoming crewed lunar landing project, Long March 10B’s breakthrough makes China a key competitor in the global reusable commercial space industry, and strengthens its ability in deep-space exploration and satellite network construction. 阅读题目 14.The underlined word “slashes” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ___________. A. fully covers B. sharply cuts down C. slightly raises D. steadily maintains 15.Which description about Long March 10B is true according to the text? A. It recovers boosters with landing legs just like SpaceX rockets B. Its two rocket stages adopt the same fuel combination C. Its recovered booster will complete re-flight test before 2026 ends D. It can directly send astronauts to the moon without other carriers 16.What reasonable conclusion can we draw from the passage? A. The sea net-capture recovery method largely reduces launch expenses B. Long March 10B’s recovery technology is copied from foreign designs C. The rocket can carry payloads over 20 tons to low Earth orbit D. The Linghangzhe platform is specially built only for this rocket model 17.What is the main purpose of this article? A. To fully compare China’s rocket technology with foreign aerospace products B. To introduce China’s historic reusable rocket breakthrough and its value C. To argue that China has taken the leading position in all aerospace fields D. To explain every complicated technical principle of net-capture recovery 18.What is the writer’s attitude toward Long March 10B’s independent research design? A. doubtful and critical B. casual and unconcerned C. confused and ambiguous D. objective and approving 参考答案与逐题详细解析 Passage 1 分数膨胀 答案：1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 逐题解析 1. 推理判断题 定位第二段：教师担心严格打分导致学生评教分数低，进而影响年度考核和晋升。可推知教师的专业评估与学生评教相关，选A。B、C表述绝对无依据；D文中未评价学生评教是否公平。 2.细节理解题 第二段说明教师宽松打分是为获取学生评教高分，保障自身年度考核与晋升，选 B。 3.细节理解题 第四段点明核心危害：分数失去衡量真实学业水平的公平作用，用人单位与高校无法通过成绩单判断学生能力，选 B。 4.主旨大意题 全文逻辑：先介绍分数膨胀成因，再阐述多重负面影响，最后提及高校改良方案，核心围绕成因与危害展开，选 B。 Passage 2 网络用户评价可信吗 答案：5.B 6.B 7.B 8.C 逐题解析 5.细节理解题 第二段原文：商家付费写手发布五星好评吸引消费者，对应 B。 6.细节理解题 第三段表明普通消费者仅在体验极好或极差时留下评论，中立感受人群沉默，评价样本失衡，选 B。 7.推理判断题 第四段：造假者持续更新作弊手段规避 AI 识别，平台难以彻底清除虚假评论，选 B。 8.作者态度题 作者客观陈述虚假评价乱象，同时给出理性辨别网络评价的实用建议，态度客观谨慎，选 C。 Passage 3 广西洪灾高科技救援 答案：9.B 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.D 逐题解析 9.词义猜测题 prioritize 词根 priority 意为 “优先”，句意为科技创新始终把民众安全放在第一位，选 B。 10.细节理解题 原文第三段 activate its four-tier emergency command system... within 10 minutes 对应 C；A 覆盖 50 公里而非 100 公里；B 单次可承载 400 人；D 约 100 台无人机，全部错误。 11.推理判断题 无人机负责通信抢修、物资空投；模块化动力舟桥负责大规模人员疏散，不同高科技装备分工完成不同救援任务，选 C。A、B 表述绝对化；D 设备来自外省企业，非广西本土制造。 12.主旨大意题 全文围绕无人机、应急舟桥、移动基站等智能装备在广西洪灾救援中的核心作用展开，选 A。B、C 仅为背景铺垫；D 范围过大，本文仅以广西洪灾单一案例展开。 13.写作目的题 文章依次介绍各类智能救灾设备的实际救援作用，向读者展示科技如何应对洪涝灾害，选 D。无呼吁企业研发、完整记录台风全过程、系统对比传统设备等内容，排除 A/B/C。 Passage 4 长征 10B 可回收火箭 答案：14.B 15.C 16.A 17.B 18.D 逐题解析 14.词义猜测题 上下文表明无支腿网捕结构减轻火箭自重、提升发射效率，自研路线大幅削减发射成本，slash 意为 “大幅降低”，选 B。 15.细节理解题 第四段首句 complete a re-flight verification test before the close of 2026 对应 C；A 长征 10B 无着陆支腿；B 火箭一二级燃料系统完全不同；D 是载人登月运载工具，不能直接载人登月。 16.推理判断题 第三段 sharply slashes launch costs 直接证明海上网捕回收方案大幅降低发射成本，选 A。B 技术为国内自主研发，无仿制外国表述；C 运载能力 16 吨；D 未限定回收平台仅适配该火箭。 17.写作目的题 文章开篇点明长征 10B 完成全球首创海上网捕回收，依次介绍技术原理、工程优势、航天战略价值，核心是介绍我国可回收火箭历史性突破及其深远意义，选 B。A 仅次要对比；C 表述绝对；D 未拆解全部技术原理。 18.作者态度题 作者客观完整陈述火箭首飞回收全过程，同时使用 historic breakthrough、independently developed 等正面客观词汇，态度客观且认可，选 D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $