精品解析：上海市建平中学西校2025学年第二学期 期末阶段练习 八年级 英语

2025学年第二学期 期末阶段练习 八年级 英语 （完卷时间：90分钟 满分：100分） Part 1 Listening（第一部分 听力） I. Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共18分） A. Listen and choose the right picture. （根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分） 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 6. A. B. C. B. Listen to the short passage and choose the best answer to the question you hear. （根据你听到的短文，选出最恰当的答案）（6分） 7. When did Kite Festival in Weifang first begin? A. In 1984 B. In 1994 C. In 1986 8. Who can come to join this big event? A. Only Chinese teams and visitors. B. Teams from all other the world. C. Both international teams and visitors. 9. Which of the following kinds of kite are mentioned in the passage? A. ①②③ B. ①③④ C. ②③④ 10. What was the first kite made of? A. Wood and paper. B. Bamboo and silk. C. Wood and silk. 11. How many steps do es making a kite need? A. 4. B. 5. C. 3. 12. What is the purpose of this article? A. To invite people to come and join the festival. B. To show people how to make a great kite. C. To introduce Weifang Kite Festival. C. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences. （听短文，用听到的单词完成 下列内容，每空格1-3个单词）（6分） Fashion never stands still. It is like a river that keeps flowing. In the 1980s and 1990s At that time, people ________. Today ➤Young people today prefers to express themselves rather than just ________ ➤Matching a ________ with sports shoes is no longer considered strange. ➤Clothes made of ________ are popular because they are easier to move in. ➤Fast fashion gives us more choices but also ________ ➤Echo-fashion designers tell customers what they wear affects the planet. Fashion is a mirror of society. The best outfit is the one that makes you ________. Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary （第二部分 语音、语法和词汇 共41分） II.（共15分） Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案） Taking a trip to ____1____ European city can be normal, but I will always keep this special one ____2____. I remember it was raining the day before my husband and I set out. I called the airline, and a cold voice replied, “I’m not sure now if our airline will put off your flight tomorrow. It is said if it ____3____ heavily tomorrow, the flight will be canceled. Please wait for further notice.” I was rather worried. After all, the level of the river ____4____ by a metre because of the whole-day rain. Luckily, the rain finally stopped. We started as planned. Although the weather of the destination was similar ____5____ that of my hometown, I knew the trip would have a huge influence ____6____ me. My friend gave me a great deal of ____7____ before I left. She asked me ____8____. And she told me, “You must dress warmly. This pair of boots ____9____ you.” When we arrived, we found that neither of our two suitcases _____10_____ to the hotel. Suddenly, the power _____11_____ in the lobby. I had to wave my arms wildly _____12_____ the receptionist could see us. After checking in, which took a hundred years, I couldn’t stop _____13_____ tired. However, when we finally made it into our room and saw the fantastic night view, I just looked _____14_____ at it and couldn’t say a single word. “It is certain _____15_____ this journey will be the most unforgettable one,” I said to myself. 1. A. a B. the C. an D. / 2. A. in minds B. in mind C. with minds D. with mind 3. A. will rain B. rained C. would rain D. rains 4. A. has risen B. had raised C. had risen D. has raised 5. A. on B. with C. to D. as 6. A. to B. about C. in D. on 7. A. suggestions B. ways C. tips D. advice 8. A. why hadn’t I packed my map B. that I had packed my map C. if I had packed my map or not D. whether I had packed my map or not 9. A. fit for B. fits for C. are suitable for D. is suitable for 10. A. was sent B. is sent C. were sent D. are sent 11. A. cut off B. went off C. put out D. broke out 12. A. so that B. ever if C. in case D. as if 13. A. feeling B. feel C. to feel D. felt 14. A. excited B. excitedly C. exciting D. excitingly 15. A. if B. why C. that D. how Ⅲ. （共8分） Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can be used only once. （将下列单词前的字母填入空格，每词只能填一次） A. protect B. clear C. prevent D. hard E. type Every year, wildfires destroy millions of hectares of forest land. Homes are damaged, and thousands of people die. Smoke jumpers help to stop this. Smoke jumpers are a special ____16____ of firefighters. They jump from planes or are lowered by helicopters into areas that are ____17____ to reach by car or on foot, such as the middle of a mountain forest. They race to put out fires as fast as they can. At a fire site, smoke jumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire. Their goal is to ____18____ a fire from spreading or to slow its progress until full, ground-based firefighters arrive. Using basic equipment such as shovels and axes, smoke jumpers ____19____ land of burnable material like dry grass and dead trees. They carry water with them, too, but only a limited amount. A. injured B. sample C. joining D. simple E. surviving Although most smoke jumpers are men, more women are ____20____ now. The most important factors are your height and weight. Smoke jumpers are employed in the United States. For example, must be between 120 and 200 pounds, so they don’t get blown away by the strong winds or get ____21____ when they land. Smoke jumpers must also have the ability of ____22____ in the wilderness. In Russia, many smoke jumpers know how to find food in the forest and can even make ____23____ furniture from trees. The work is dangerous; the hours are long. But for those firefighters, smoke jumping isn’t just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires and live in forests. IV. （共6 分） Complete the short passage with the given words in their proper forms. （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文，每空格限填一词） A Meaningful Community Activity Tom is an ____24____ (energy) Grade 8 student living in Shanghai. Last week, he noticed an ____25____ (advertise) calling for volunteers to tidy up the old community garden. He decided to join the activity. The garden was ____26____ (terrible) messy with overgrown weeds. Tom asked his classmates to come to help together. They ____27____ (dig) out weeds and sorted out fallen branches. They even carefully planted beautiful flowers. At last, they made some colorful hand-drawn posters and ____28____ (hang) them on the fence to remind people to take good care of plants. Thanks to their ____29____ (care) actions, the garden came to life again. Tom and his classmates felt proud of what they had done. V. （每句2分，共12分） Complete the dialogue. （根据上下文内容，完成对话，使其完整流畅） A: Hello, Tom, I called you last night, but nobody answered. __________30__________? B: I was reading a book Journey to the West. I couldn’t put it down and didn’t hear it. A: __________31__________? B: I think it is interesting. It’s my favorite book. You hardly like classic novels, __________32__________? A: Yes, I do. I like them very much—they have rich stories and deep meanings. By the way, __________33__________? B: Not yet. I plan to finish reading it next week. A: That’s a good plan! By the way, why did I call you…Oh right, I need your help. B: __________34__________? (询问遇到的具体问题) A: I fought with my best friend yesterday. We argued about a small thing, but neither of us wanted to say sorry. I didn’t know how to deal with it. Could you give some advice? B: Why don’t you talk to him? A: You mean __________35__________(用宾语从句补充，表达和划线句相同的内容) Good idea! Thanks a lot. I’ll try to talk to him after class today. B: You’ re welcome. I hope you two can make up soon. Part 3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 读写）（共41分） VI. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共31分） A. （5分） Read and choose the correct sentences from the box to complete the passage. There is one extra sentence. （选择正确的句子补全短文，其中有一句是多余的。） Dogs bury bones. ____36____ Camels store food and water so that they can travel many days across deserts. But do pigs save anything? No, pigs save nothing. So why do we save coins in a piggy bank? Because someone made a mistake. During the Middle Ages, in about the fifteenth century, metal was expensive and seldom used for household wares (家用器具). ____37____ Whenever housewives could save an extra coin, they dropped it into one of their clay jars. They called this their pygg bank or pyggy bank. Around the eighteenth century, the spelling of pygg changed. The word sounded the same as the word for the animal pig. Over the following 200 to 300 years, people forgot that pygg meant the clay. ____38____ In the nineteenth century, when English potters received requests for piggy banks, they misunderstood. ____39____ The pigs became popular among customers and delighted kids. Another reason for the name “piggy bank” is based on the idea that the coins given to the piggy bank represent the food fed to a pig by a farmer. It costs the farmer money to feed the pig and he doesn’t get it back until the pig is slaughtered (屠宰) for meat. ____40____ A. They produced jars shaped like a pig. B. Instead, dishes and pots were made of a kind of economical clay called pygg. C. Squirrels gather nuts to last through the winter. D. And the term “pygg jar” gradually changed into pig bank, or piggy bank. E. This is known as “breaking the piggy bank”. F. Today, pigs are still one of the most popular forms of coin banks sold in gift shops. B. （6分） Choose the best answer. (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案。) The Marvellers (by Dhonielle Clayton) Age: 8-10 Genre: Adventure Novel Plot: Ella is 11 years old. She goes to a magic school in the clouds. There, students from all over the world learn magic. They make special drinks and talk to some magical animals. Ella and her friends have an exciting adventure together. Why Jackie likes this book: What an amazing magic story! It is a perfect children’s book. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Night Animals (by Sarah Ann Juckes) Age: 4-6 Genre: Children’s Story Plot: Nora is having a hard time at home because of her mum’s illness. Then, some colourful night animals start appearing. Nora meets a new friend named Kwame at school. They follow a fox,a rabbit, and other night animals. Can these animals help Nora find the strength she needs to help her family? Why Jackie likes this book: It’s a must-read for children. It helps them understand what it really means to be strong. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Detention Detectives (by Lis Jardine) Age:10-12 Genre: Detective Story Plot: A theft happens at Hanbridge High School. Three students, Jonno, Lydia, and Daniel, want to find out who did it. Can they solve the crime? This is the first book in a fun detective series. Kids who like detective stories will love it. Why Jackie likes this book: It’s hard to find out who the real suspect is. The ending is so surprising. I’m looking forward to the next story. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wildoak (by C. C. Harington) Age:13 and above Genre:Real-life Story Plot: Maggie goes to Cornwall to stay with her grandpa. She finds a snowleopard cub（雪豹幼崽）hiding in a forest. When people see the cub, trouble starts. This story from the 1960s shows how animals, people, and nature are connected. Why Jackie likes this book: Maggie is such a kind-hearted protector of the natural world. The story teaches me everything about humans and animals. Written by Jackie Posted on December 14, 2024 41. Which of the following books is mainly about friendship, magic and adventure? A. The Marvellers. B. The Night Animals. C. The Detention Detectives. D. Wildoak. 42. The underlined word “Genre” probably means the ________ of the book. A. name B. audience C. type D. price 43. ________ gets help from some magical animals to care for her family. A. Ella B. Nora C. Lydia D. Maggie 44. Among the four books, ________ book is suitable both for teenagers and adults. A. Dhonielle Clayton’s B. Sarah Ann Juckes’ C. Lis Jardine’s D. C. C. Harington’s 45. Which of the following is True? A. Nora and Kwarne study in a magic school in the clouds. B. The Marvellers helps children understand what a strong mind is like. C. Jackie finds it enjoyable to solve the case quickly in The Detention Detectives. D. Wildoak shows the relationship among humans, animals and nature. 46. You can probably find this material ________. A. in a magazine B. in a travel guide C. on a website D. on a noticeboard C. （10分） Choose the best answer to complete the passage. （选择最恰当的选项完成短文） It was September 2005. I had just entered Grade Six. As a ____47____ girl, I chose to be all alone reading books during the breaks while most of my classmates were eager to make new friends. And I was doing well ____48____ the third lesson on the first day. A teacher had us fill out a questionnaire with “get to know you” questions. I thought she would read them privately, so I felt ____49____ to share who I was. However, after the teacher collected the sheets, she mixed them up and redistributed (重新分配) them to the class. One by one, we read out the student’s name and then our two favourite answers. My sheet went to a ____50____ kid. His"favourite answers"of mine were the two worst ones to be read out loud. The first question was “What’s your favourite movie?” While other kids wrote the ____51____ ones, my answer was The Wizard of Oz (《绿野仙踪》). It was a film made in 1939. The next question was “Where would you like to travel?” The others had said “Australia” or “Japan”; I wrote, “____52____ a good book takes me.” A loud laugh broke out immediately. My cheeks burned. I stared at my schoolbag. How I wish I could disappear inside it! But then, something amazing happened. A voice from the back of the room said, “Guys, cut it out!” It was Michael Siever, a popular boy. The room went ____53____. Michael then turned to the teacher and said, “Why are you letting this happen? What is the point if we are ____54____ of each other?” Fifteen years have passed since then. I don’t ____55____ the teacher or the kids. But Michael and I still occasionally chat with each other on the phone. I can’t forget how it felt when he spoke up for me. Michael has not only become a friend of mine; in my eyes, he is also a ____56____. 47. A. cheerful B. rude C. shy D. active 48. A. after B. until C. while D. since 49. A. safe B. dangerous C. excited D. interested 50. A. friendly B. polite C. angry D. mean 51. A. latest B. longest C. shortest D. best 52. A. Whatever B. Wherever C. Whenever D. However 53. A. noisy B. wrong C. silent D. bad 54. A. taking care B. taking charge C. making use D. making fun 55. A. forget B. remember C. recognise D. realise 56. A. classmate B. teacher C. kid D. hero D. （共10分，task 2为3分） Read the passage and complete the following tasks. （阅读文章，完成以下任务） Survival: The Limits of Human Strength Joe Simpson was a British mountain climber. His story on Siula Grande in the Peruvian Andes is one of the most amazing survival stories ever told. In 1985, Simpson and his climbing partner Simon Yates reached the top of the 21,000-foot mountain safely. But on their way down, disaster struck: Simpson fell and broke his leg seriously. A violent storm was coming. Yates tried to lower Simpson down the mountain with ropes. However, Simpson slipped over an edge and hung in the air. Yates could not see or hear Simpson. He felt the rope pulling him off the mountain too. Yates made the painful decision to cut the rope and Simpson fell into a deep crack in the ice. Everyone thought he was dead. But amazingly, he survived the fall. With terrible injury, he climbed deeper into the ice field and found a way out. Then came the most difficult part. For three days, he dragged himself across the ice and rocks. He had no food and only a little water from melted snow. He was hardly conscious and near death when he finally reached the base camp—just a few hours before Yates was going to leave the mountain. Later, medical experts said that what Simpson did should have been impossible with his injury. He wrote his story in the book Touching the Void. It shows that when people want to live badly enough, they can do things that seem impossible. Researchers who study survival say that mental strength is more important than physical strength. Dr. John Leach, a survival psychologist from the University of Portsmouth, found that most people die not because of their injuries, but because of their minds. According to his studies, about 75% of people become “frozen” in a disaster. They can’t think clearly and do confused things. About 15% panic and do what makes the situation worse. Only 10% stay calm and think clearly—these are the people who usually survive. “Mental strength” is important for survival. Another important thing is the “will to survive”. This is a strong decision to keep going no matter what happens. People with this will break big impossible challenges into small, easy steps. They always have a reason to keep living, even in the darkest moments. Our bodies have amazing abilities to get used to extreme situations. When our lives are in danger, special systems turn on by themselves to help us. When it is very cold, our bodies first cut down blood flow to our hands and feet. This is called peripheral vasoconstriction (外周血管收缩) (it keeps our heart, lungs and brain warm). That is why fingers and toes get frostbite first. The most amazing response is the “fight or run” reaction. When we are scared or hurt, our bodies release special chemicals like adrenaline and cortisol (肾上腺素和皮质醇). These chemicals can make us stronger for a short time, make us feel less pain or even stop us from bleeding too much. This is why people sometimes do impossible things in emergencies, like lifting a car to save someone trapped under it. Task 1: Answer the questions. （回答问题） 57. How high is the mountain Simpson reached? __________________________________________________________________________________ 58. Simpson’s climbing partner managed to rescue him with ropes, didn’t he? __________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does “the most difficult part” refer to in paragraph 4? __________________________________________________________________________________ 60. According to Dr. John Leach’s research, what percentage of people will possibly die in a disaster because of their minds? __________________________________________________________________________________ 61. What is the first thing our bodies do to protect us in very cold environments? __________________________________________________________________________________ 62. Why can people do impossible things in emergencies? __________________________________________________________________________________ 63. Based on the passage, what are the two most important things a person needs to survive a life-threatening situation? __________________________________________________________________________________ Task 2: 64. According to Simpson’s experience, what should we do when we are in emergencies or trouble? __________________________________________________________________________________ VII. Writing（10分） 65. 在学校的线上匿名墙上，有一些学生发的求助帖。请在以下帖子中选择一条，给出不少于60词的回复。你的回复中需指出问题，分析原因，并提出至少两条建议。 Hi, Some of my close friends often don’t wear school uniforms or red scarves at school. They think it looks cool and ask me to do the same. I don’t want to break the school rules, but I’m afraid of feeling left out. What should I do? Hi there, Now that I am 14, I want to manage my pocket money by myself, but my parents disagree. They worry I will spend money carelessly, so they prefer to keep it for me. I admire my classmates who can use their pocket money freely. How can I persuade (说服) my parents? Hello, My best friend loves painting and always asks me to go to art exhibitions with her. But I have no interest in it at all. I find going to art exhibitions time-wasting and boring. I’m afraid to tell her how I feel because I don’t want to upset her. How can I deal with this problem? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第二学期 期末阶段练习 八年级 英语 （完卷时间：90分钟 满分：100分） Part 1 Listening（第一部分 听力） I. Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共18分） A. Listen and choose the right picture. （根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分） 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 6. A. B. C. B. Listen to the short passage and choose the best answer to the question you hear. （根据你听到的短文，选出最恰当的答案）（6分） 7. When did Kite Festival in Weifang first begin? A. In 1984 B. In 1994 C. In 1986 8. Who can come to join this big event? A. Only Chinese teams and visitors. B. Teams from all other the world. C. Both international teams and visitors. 9. Which of the following kinds of kite are mentioned in the passage? A. ①②③ B. ①③④ C. ②③④ 10. What was the first kite made of? A. Wood and paper. B. Bamboo and silk. C. Wood and silk. 11. How many steps do es making a kite need? A. 4. B. 5. C. 3. 12. What is the purpose of this article? A. To invite people to come and join the festival. B. To show people how to make a great kite. C. To introduce Weifang Kite Festival. C. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences. （听短文，用听到的单词完成 下列内容，每空格1-3个单词）（6分） Fashion never stands still. It is like a river that keeps flowing. In the 1980s and 1990s At that time, people ________. Today ➤Young people today prefers to express themselves rather than just ________ ➤Matching a ________ with sports shoes is no longer considered strange. ➤Clothes made of ________ are popular because they are easier to move in. ➤Fast fashion gives us more choices but also ________ ➤Echo-fashion designers tell customers what they wear affects the planet. Fashion is a mirror of society. The best outfit is the one that makes you ________. Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary （第二部分 语音、语法和词汇 共41分） II.（共15分） Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案） Taking a trip to ____1____ European city can be normal, but I will always keep this special one ____2____. I remember it was raining the day before my husband and I set out. I called the airline, and a cold voice replied, “I’m not sure now if our airline will put off your flight tomorrow. It is said if it ____3____ heavily tomorrow, the flight will be canceled. Please wait for further notice.” I was rather worried. After all, the level of the river ____4____ by a metre because of the whole-day rain. Luckily, the rain finally stopped. We started as planned. Although the weather of the destination was similar ____5____ that of my hometown, I knew the trip would have a huge influence ____6____ me. My friend gave me a great deal of ____7____ before I left. She asked me ____8____. And she told me, “You must dress warmly. This pair of boots ____9____ you.” When we arrived, we found that neither of our two suitcases _____10_____ to the hotel. Suddenly, the power _____11_____ in the lobby. I had to wave my arms wildly _____12_____ the receptionist could see us. After checking in, which took a hundred years, I couldn’t stop _____13_____ tired. However, when we finally made it into our room and saw the fantastic night view, I just looked _____14_____ at it and couldn’t say a single word. “It is certain _____15_____ this journey will be the most unforgettable one,” I said to myself. 1. A. a B. the C. an D. / 2. A. in minds B. in mind C. with minds D. with mind 3. A. will rain B. rained C. would rain D. rains 4. A. has risen B. had raised C. had risen D. has raised 5. A. on B. with C. to D. as 6. A. to B. about C. in D. on 7. A. suggestions B. ways C. tips D. advice 8. A. why hadn’t I packed my map B. that I had packed my map C. if I had packed my map or not D. whether I had packed my map or not 9. A. fit for B. fits for C. are suitable for D. is suitable for 10. A. was sent B. is sent C. were sent D. are sent 11. A. cut off B. went off C. put out D. broke out 12. A. so that B. ever if C. in case D. as if 13. A. feeling B. feel C. to feel D. felt 14. A. excited B. excitedly C. exciting D. excitingly 15. A. if B. why C. that D. how 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者一次前往欧洲城市的旅行经历，途中遭遇暴雨预警、行李配送延误、酒店停电等波折，但最终因绝美夜景，成为一段难忘的旅程。 【1题详解】 句意：去一座欧洲城市旅行或许很平常，但我会永远铭记这次特别的旅程。 European是以辅音音素开头的单词，表泛指“一座”用不定冠词a。the表特指，an用于元音音素开头单词，零冠词不适用。 【2题详解】 句意：去一座欧洲城市旅行或许很平常，但我会永远铭记这次特别的旅程。 固定搭配keep sth. in mind“记住某事”，无in minds /with mind /with minds这类搭配。 【3题详解】 句意：据说如果明天下大雨，航班将会取消。 if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句will be canceled为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；主语 it，动词rain用三单rains。 【4题详解】 句意：毕竟，因为整天的雨，河水水位已经上升了一米。 动作发生在“担心”之前，用过去完成时；rise为不及物动词，raise为及物动词，水位上升用rise。 【5题详解】 句意：虽然目的地的天气和我的家乡差不多。 固定搭配be similar to“与……相似”，介词只能用to。 【6题详解】 句意：我知道这次旅行会对我产生很大影响。 固定搭配have an influence on sb.“对某人产生影响”，介词用on。 【7题详解】 句意：在我出发前，我的朋友给了我大量建议。 a great deal of后接不可数名词，advice是不可数名词，符合语法结构；suggestions、tips、ways均为可数名词复数，不符合语法结构。 【8题详解】 句意：她问我是否带了地图。 主句谓语asked后为宾语从句，表达“是否”并与or not连用时，常用whether引导。 【9题详解】 句意：这双靴子很适合你。 this pair of boots作主语，谓语动词用单数；be suitable for“适合”，固定短语。fit sb直接表示“适合某人”，不需要加for，故排除。 【10题详解】 句意：我们抵达时，发现我们两个行李箱都没有被送到酒店。 主语suitcases和send是被动关系；主句found为一般过去时，从句时态对应一般过去时，neither of two作主语，谓语用单数was sent。 【11题详解】 句意：突然大厅停电了。 根据“I had to wave my arms wildly”可知，停电了。went off表示“（电源）中断，停电”；cut off表示切断需要用被动语态；put out“扑灭”；broke out“爆发”均不符合语境。 【12题详解】 句意：我不得不疯狂挥舞手臂以便于接待员能看到我们。 根据语境，so that意为“以便于”，引导目的状语从句。ever if“即使”；in case“以防”；as if“好像”均不符合语境。 【13题详解】 句意：办理入住花了很久，我止不住感到疲惫。 固定搭配can’t stop doing sth.“忍不住做某事”，feel变动名词feeling。 【14题详解】 句意：我只是兴奋地望着夜景，一句话都说不出来。 修饰动词looked要用副词；excitedly修饰人发出的动作，excitingly修饰事物，excited、exciting是形容词不能修饰动词。 【15题详解】 句意：我确定这趟旅程将会是最难忘的一次。 固定句型It is certain that…“毫无疑问/确定……”，that引导主语从句。 Ⅲ. （共8分） Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can be used only once. （将下列单词前的字母填入空格，每词只能填一次） A. protect B. clear C. prevent D. hard E. type Every year, wildfires destroy millions of hectares of forest land. Homes are damaged, and thousands of people die. Smoke jumpers help to stop this. Smoke jumpers are a special ____16____ of firefighters. They jump from planes or are lowered by helicopters into areas that are ____17____ to reach by car or on foot, such as the middle of a mountain forest. They race to put out fires as fast as they can. At a fire site, smoke jumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire. Their goal is to ____18____ a fire from spreading or to slow its progress until full, ground-based firefighters arrive. Using basic equipment such as shovels and axes, smoke jumpers ____19____ land of burnable material like dry grass and dead trees. They carry water with them, too, but only a limited amount. A. injured B. sample C. joining D. simple E. surviving Although most smoke jumpers are men, more women are ____20____ now. The most important factors are your height and weight. Smoke jumpers are employed in the United States. For example, must be between 120 and 200 pounds, so they don’t get blown away by the strong winds or get ____21____ when they land. Smoke jumpers must also have the ability of ____22____ in the wilderness. In Russia, many smoke jumpers know how to find food in the forest and can even make ____23____ furniture from trees. The work is dangerous; the hours are long. But for those firefighters, smoke jumping isn’t just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires and live in forests. 【答案】16. E 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. E 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了烟雾跳伞员——一种特殊类型的消防员，他们通过跳伞或直升机进入难以到达的火灾现场，快速控制火势，并描述了他们的工作内容、选拔条件和工作特点。 【16题详解】 句意：烟雾跳伞员是一种特殊类型的消防员。根据“Smoke jumpers are a special...of firefighters”可知，此处需要一个名词，在句中作表语，表示“类型”。“type”意为“类型”，符合语境，a后接单数名词。 【17题详解】 句意：他们从飞机上跳下或被直升机降落到汽车或步行难以到达的地区，例如山林深处。根据“to reach by car or on foot”可知，此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语，表示“难以到达的”。“hard”意为“困难的”，符合语境。 【18题详解】 句意：他们的目标是防止火势蔓延，或在后续地面消防员到达之前减缓其进展。与“from spreading”构成短语，此处需要一个动词原形，表示“防止”。根据“a fire from spreading”可知，“prevent”意为“防止”，符合语境。 【19题详解】 句意：烟雾跳伞员使用铲子和斧头等基本工具，清除土地上像干草和枯树这样的可燃物。根据“land of burnable material”可知，此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语，表示“清除”。“clear”意为“清除”，符合语境。 【20题详解】 句意：虽然大多数烟雾跳伞员是男性，但现在更多的女性正在加入。根据“more women are...now”可知，此处需要一个现在分词，与“are”构成现在进行时，表示“正在加入”。“joining”意为“加入”，符合语境。 【21题详解】 句意：例如，在美国受雇的烟雾跳伞员体重必须在120到200磅之间，这样他们既不会被强风吹走，也不会在着陆时受伤。根据“when they land”可知，此处需要一个动词的过去分词，与“get”构成被动语态，表示“受伤”。“injured”意为“受伤的”，符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：烟雾跳伞员还必须具备在野外生存的能力。根据“have the ability of”可知，此处需要一个动名词，作介词of的宾语，表示“生存”。“surviving”意为“生存”，符合语境。 【23题详解】 句意：在俄罗斯，许多烟雾跳伞员知道如何在森林中寻找食物，甚至可以用树木制作简单的家具。根据“furniture from trees”可知，此处需要一个形容词，修饰名词“furniture”，表示“简单的”。“simple”意为“简单的”，符合语境。 IV. （共6 分） Complete the short passage with the given words in their proper forms. （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文，每空格限填一词） A Meaningful Community Activity Tom is an ____24____ (energy) Grade 8 student living in Shanghai. Last week, he noticed an ____25____ (advertise) calling for volunteers to tidy up the old community garden. He decided to join the activity. The garden was ____26____ (terrible) messy with overgrown weeds. Tom asked his classmates to come to help together. They ____27____ (dig) out weeds and sorted out fallen branches. They even carefully planted beautiful flowers. At last, they made some colorful hand-drawn posters and ____28____ (hang) them on the fence to remind people to take good care of plants. Thanks to their ____29____ (care) actions, the garden came to life again. Tom and his classmates felt proud of what they had done. 【答案】24. energetic 25. advertisement 26. terribly 27. dug 28. hung 29. caring 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述八年级学生Tom注意到社区花园脏乱后，主动号召同学参与清理，通过拔草、种花、制作海报等行动使花园焕然一新，并从中获得自豪感。 【24题详解】 句意：Tom是一个精力充沛的八年级学生。空格后为名词student，需填形容词作定语；energy的形容词形式为energetic（精力充沛的），符合修饰人物的语境。 【25题详解】 句意：他注意到一则招募志愿者的广告。空格前为不定冠词an，需填可数名词单数；advertise的名词形式为advertisement（广告）。 【26题详解】 句意：花园里杂草丛生，非常凌乱。空格后为形容词messy，需填副词修饰；terrible的副词形式为terribly（非常），表示程度。 【27题详解】 句意：他们挖出杂草，并整理掉落的树枝。全文叙述过去发生的事件，谓语动词需用一般过去时；dig的过去式为dug。 【28题详解】 句意：他们把彩色手绘海报挂在栅栏上。与made并列，时态为一般过去时；hang表示“悬挂”时，过去式为hung。 【29题详解】 句意：多亏了他们的悉心照料，花园重新焕发生机。空格后为名词actions，需填形容词作定语；care的形容词形式为caring，意为“尽心的、有爱心的”，符合此处志愿行动的语境。 V. （每句2分，共12分） Complete the dialogue. （根据上下文内容，完成对话，使其完整流畅） A: Hello, Tom, I called you last night, but nobody answered. __________30__________? B: I was reading a book Journey to the West. I couldn’t put it down and didn’t hear it. A: __________31__________? B: I think it is interesting. It’s my favorite book. You hardly like classic novels, __________32__________? A: Yes, I do. I like them very much—they have rich stories and deep meanings. By the way, __________33__________? B: Not yet. I plan to finish reading it next week. A: That’s a good plan! By the way, why did I call you…Oh right, I need your help. B: __________34__________? (询问遇到的具体问题) A: I fought with my best friend yesterday. We argued about a small thing, but neither of us wanted to say sorry. I didn’t know how to deal with it. Could you give some advice? B: Why don’t you talk to him? A: You mean __________35__________(用宾语从句补充，表达和划线句相同的内容) Good idea! Thanks a lot. I’ll try to talk to him after class today. B: You’ re welcome. I hope you two can make up soon. 【答案】30. What were you doing (at that time/ then) 31. How do you like it/What do you think of it/How do you feel about it 32. do you 33. Have you finished reading it (yet) 34. What’s wrong with you/What trouble did you have/What happened to you/What was going on 35. (that) I can/should talk to him/have a talk with him 【解析】 【导语】本文是A与Tom的电话对话，先聊昨晚未接来电时Tom在读《西游记》，交流对这本书的看法与阅读进度，随后A倾诉和好友吵架的烦恼，Tom给出沟通和解的建议。 【30题详解】 前文A说昨晚打电话无人接听，后文Tom回答当时在读《西游记》，用过去进行时提问当时正在做什么，What were you doing (at that time/then)符合语境。 【31题详解】 后文Tom评价这本书很有趣、是最爱，此处询问对方对这本书的看法，How do you like it/What do you think of it/How do you feel about it符合语境。 【32题详解】 本句是反意疑问句，主句含否定词hardly、主语为you，时态为一般现在时，附加疑问部分用do you。 【33题详解】 后文Tom答“Not yet.”，yet是现在完成时标志，此处询问是否读完这本书，Have you finished reading it (yet)符合语境。 【34题详解】 前文A说需要Tom帮忙，括号提示询问具体遇到的问题，What’s wrong with you/What trouble did you have/What happened to you/What was going on均可表达询问对方遇到什么麻烦，符合语境。 【35题详解】 要求用宾语从句转述“Why don’t you talk to him?”，主句You mean后接that引导的宾语从句，语序为陈述语序，(that) I should talk to him/(that) I should have a talk with him 符合语法与句意要求。 Part 3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 读写）（共41分） VI. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共31分） A. （5分） Read and choose the correct sentences from the box to complete the passage. There is one extra sentence. （选择正确的句子补全短文，其中有一句是多余的。） Dogs bury bones. ____36____ Camels store food and water so that they can travel many days across deserts. But do pigs save anything? No, pigs save nothing. So why do we save coins in a piggy bank? Because someone made a mistake. During the Middle Ages, in about the fifteenth century, metal was expensive and seldom used for household wares (家用器具). ____37____ Whenever housewives could save an extra coin, they dropped it into one of their clay jars. They called this their pygg bank or pyggy bank. Around the eighteenth century, the spelling of pygg changed. The word sounded the same as the word for the animal pig. Over the following 200 to 300 years, people forgot that pygg meant the clay. ____38____ In the nineteenth century, when English potters received requests for piggy banks, they misunderstood. ____39____ The pigs became popular among customers and delighted kids. Another reason for the name “piggy bank” is based on the idea that the coins given to the piggy bank represent the food fed to a pig by a farmer. It costs the farmer money to feed the pig and he doesn’t get it back until the pig is slaughtered (屠宰) for meat. ____40____ A. They produced jars shaped like a pig. B. Instead, dishes and pots were made of a kind of economical clay called pygg. C. Squirrels gather nuts to last through the winter. D. And the term “pygg jar” gradually changed into pig bank, or piggy bank. E. This is known as “breaking the piggy bank”. F. Today, pigs are still one of the most popular forms of coin banks sold in gift shops. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“piggy bank”名称的由来，包括其与黏土材料“pygg”的语音演变以及陶工误解后制作出猪形罐子的历史过程。 【36题详解】 根据“Dogs bury bones.”和“Camels store food and water...”，这两句都是在列举动物储存食物的习性。因此此处需要填入另一个类似例子。C项“Squirrels gather nuts to last through the winter.”同样是描述动物储存食物的习性，与上下文构成并列关系，符合语境。 【37题详解】 上文提到“在中世纪，金属很昂贵，很少用于家用器具”，说明人们需要用其他材料来制作器具；下文提到了“clay jars”。因此此处需要说明替代材料的名称。B项“Instead, dishes and pots were made of a kind of economical clay called pygg.”起到了承上启下的作用，既解释了不用金属后使用的替代材料，又引出了下文的“黏土”和“pygg”这个词。 【38题详解】 上文提到“pygg的发音变得和动物pig一样，并且人们逐渐忘记了pygg原本是指黏土”。因此此处应说明这一变化导致的结果。D项“And the term ‘pygg jar’ gradually changed into pig bank, or piggy bank.”正是这一系列变化的结果，解释了存钱罐名称的演变过程。 【39题详解】 上文提到“当英国陶工收到制作piggy banks的订单时，他们误解了”，下文说“这些猪在顾客中很受欢迎”。因此此处应说明陶工误解后具体做出了什么举动。A项“They produced jars shaped like a pig.”说明了陶工因为望文生义而制造出了小猪形状的罐子，与下文的“The pigs”相呼应。 【40题详解】 本段讲述了存钱罐叫“piggy bank”的另一个原因：往存钱罐里投硬币就像农民喂猪，农民只有在“猪被屠宰”时才能拿回回报。因此此处应将“杀猪”与“砸碎存钱罐取钱”联系起来。E项“This is known as ‘breaking the piggy bank’.”巧妙地将两者联系在一起，使比喻完整闭合，符合逻辑。 B. （6分） Choose the best answer. (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案。) The Marvellers (by Dhonielle Clayton) Age: 8-10 Genre: Adventure Novel Plot: Ella is 11 years old. She goes to a magic school in the clouds. There, students from all over the world learn magic. They make special drinks and talk to some magical animals. Ella and her friends have an exciting adventure together. Why Jackie likes this book: What an amazing magic story! It is a perfect children’s book. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Night Animals (by Sarah Ann Juckes) Age: 4-6 Genre: Children’s Story Plot: Nora is having a hard time at home because of her mum’s illness. Then, some colourful night animals start appearing. Nora meets a new friend named Kwame at school. They follow a fox,a rabbit, and other night animals. Can these animals help Nora find the strength she needs to help her family? Why Jackie likes this book: It’s a must-read for children. It helps them understand what it really means to be strong. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Detention Detectives (by Lis Jardine) Age:10-12 Genre: Detective Story Plot: A theft happens at Hanbridge High School. Three students, Jonno, Lydia, and Daniel, want to find out who did it. Can they solve the crime? This is the first book in a fun detective series. Kids who like detective stories will love it. Why Jackie likes this book: It’s hard to find out who the real suspect is. The ending is so surprising. I’m looking forward to the next story. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wildoak (by C. C. Harington) Age:13 and above Genre:Real-life Story Plot: Maggie goes to Cornwall to stay with her grandpa. She finds a snowleopard cub（雪豹幼崽）hiding in a forest. When people see the cub, trouble starts. This story from the 1960s shows how animals, people, and nature are connected. Why Jackie likes this book: Maggie is such a kind-hearted protector of the natural world. The story teaches me everything about humans and animals. Written by Jackie Posted on December 14, 2024 41. Which of the following books is mainly about friendship, magic and adventure? A. The Marvellers. B. The Night Animals. C. The Detention Detectives. D. Wildoak. 42. The underlined word “Genre” probably means the ________ of the book. A. name B. audience C. type D. price 43. ________ gets help from some magical animals to care for her family. A. Ella B. Nora C. Lydia D. Maggie 44. Among the four books, ________ book is suitable both for teenagers and adults. A. Dhonielle Clayton’s B. Sarah Ann Juckes’ C. Lis Jardine’s D. C. C. Harington’s 45. Which of the following is True? A. Nora and Kwarne study in a magic school in the clouds. B. The Marvellers helps children understand what a strong mind is like. C. Jackie finds it enjoyable to solve the case quickly in The Detention Detectives. D. Wildoak shows the relationship among humans, animals and nature. 46. You can probably find this material ________. A. in a magazine B. in a travel guide C. on a website D. on a noticeboard 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是Jackie发布在网页上的四则童书推荐，分别介绍四本书的适合年龄、题材、故事梗概以及推荐理由，涵盖魔法冒险、儿童成长、校园侦探、人与自然写实四类故事。 【41题详解】 根据《The Marvellers》介绍“Genre: Adventure Novel…students from all over the world learn magic…Ella and her friends have an exciting adventure together.”，这本书围绕友谊、魔法与冒险展开。 【42题详解】 文中每本书后标注的Genre对应Adventure Novel、Children’s Story等，均为书籍的题材、类型，因此单词意为type（类型）。 【43题详解】 根据《The Night Animals》内容“Nora…some colourful night animals start appearing...Can these animals help Nora find the strength she needs to help her family?”，Nora得到奇幻夜行动物的帮助，获得支撑家庭的力量。 【44题详解】 Wildoak作者是C. C. Harington，适配年龄为13岁及以上，适合青少年与成年人阅读；其余三本书适配年龄均仅限低龄儿童。 【45题详解】 根据Wildoak原文“This story from the 1960s shows how animals, people, and nature are connected.”，这本书展现人类、动物与自然之间的关联，D选项表述正确。 【46题详解】 文本顶部有“Home >>> Children’s Books”网页导航栏，文末标注发布日期Posted on December 14, 2024，这类导航与发布日期是网站页面典型特征，因此材料来源于网站。 C. （10分） Choose the best answer to complete the passage. （选择最恰当的选项完成短文） It was September 2005. I had just entered Grade Six. As a ____47____ girl, I chose to be all alone reading books during the breaks while most of my classmates were eager to make new friends. And I was doing well ____48____ the third lesson on the first day. A teacher had us fill out a questionnaire with “get to know you” questions. I thought she would read them privately, so I felt ____49____ to share who I was. However, after the teacher collected the sheets, she mixed them up and redistributed (重新分配) them to the class. One by one, we read out the student’s name and then our two favourite answers. My sheet went to a ____50____ kid. His"favourite answers"of mine were the two worst ones to be read out loud. The first question was “What’s your favourite movie?” While other kids wrote the ____51____ ones, my answer was The Wizard of Oz (《绿野仙踪》). It was a film made in 1939. The next question was “Where would you like to travel?” The others had said “Australia” or “Japan”; I wrote, “____52____ a good book takes me.” A loud laugh broke out immediately. My cheeks burned. I stared at my schoolbag. How I wish I could disappear inside it! But then, something amazing happened. A voice from the back of the room said, “Guys, cut it out!” It was Michael Siever, a popular boy. The room went ____53____. Michael then turned to the teacher and said, “Why are you letting this happen? What is the point if we are ____54____ of each other?” Fifteen years have passed since then. I don’t ____55____ the teacher or the kids. But Michael and I still occasionally chat with each other on the phone. I can’t forget how it felt when he spoke up for me. Michael has not only become a friend of mine; in my eyes, he is also a ____56____. 47. A. cheerful B. rude C. shy D. active 48. A. after B. until C. while D. since 49. A. safe B. dangerous C. excited D. interested 50. A. friendly B. polite C. angry D. mean 51. A. latest B. longest C. shortest D. best 52. A. Whatever B. Wherever C. Whenever D. However 53. A. noisy B. wrong C. silent D. bad 54. A. taking care B. taking charge C. making use D. making fun 55. A. forget B. remember C. recognise D. realise 56. A. classmate B. teacher C. kid D. hero 【答案】47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. B 56. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者六年级时因问卷答案被嘲笑，一位叫Michael的男生挺身而出维护她，成为她心中英雄的故事。 【47题详解】 句意：作为一个害羞的女孩，我选择独自读书…… 根据“chose to be all alone”可知，作者性格内向，不愿与他人交往。shy意为“害羞的”，符合独自读书、不愿结交新朋友的描述。cheerful（快乐的）、rude（粗鲁的）、active（活跃的）均不符合。 【48题详解】 句意：直到第一天第三节课我都做得很好。 until表示“直到……为止”，强调状态持续到某个时间点发生转折——之前一切顺利，之后发生了被嘲笑的事件。after（在……之后）、while（当……时）、since（自从）均无法体现这种“转折点”的含义。 【49题详解】 句意：我以为她会私下阅读，所以我觉得很安心，便分享了真实的自己。 作者以为问卷是老师私下看的，隐私得到保护，因此感到安心。safe意为“安全的”，符合“隐私带来安全感”的心理。dangerous（危险的）、excited（兴奋的）、interested（感兴趣的）均不符合。 【50题详解】 句意：我的表格到了一个刻薄的孩子手里。 这个孩子故意选择作者最糟糕的两个答案当众朗读，说明他有意让人难堪。mean意为“刻薄的、不友善的”，符合其恶意行为。friendly（友好的）、polite（礼貌的）、angry（生气的）均不符合。 【51题详解】 句意：其他孩子写了最新的电影，我的答案是1939年的。 其他孩子写的是新电影，而作者写的是老电影，形成鲜明对比。latest意为“最新的”，与“1939”形成时间上的对比。longest（最长的）、shortest（最短的）、best（最好的）均无法体现新旧对比。 【52题详解】 句意：无论一本好书带我去哪里，我都愿意去。 前文问题是“你愿意去哪里旅行”，作者的回答是对“哪里”的回答。Wherever意为“无论哪里”，与问句“Where”直接呼应。Whatever（无论什么）、Whenever（无论何时）、However（无论怎样）均不指代地点。 【53题详解】 句意：房间变得安静了。 Michael制止了笑声后，教室从喧闹变为安静。silent意为“安静的”，符合“制止喧闹后的状态”。noisy（吵闹的）、wrong（错误的）、bad（坏的）均不符合。 【54题详解】 句意：如果我们互相取笑，有什么意义？ 前文同学们嘲笑作者，Michael反问这种行为的价值。making fun of意为“取笑、嘲笑”，符合被嘲笑的行为。taking care of（照顾）、taking charge of（负责）、making use of（利用）均不符合。 【55题详解】 句意：我不记得老师或其他孩子了。 作者对那次事件的记忆只剩下Michael的挺身而出。remember意为“记得”，与下文Michael的对比关系一致。forget（忘记）与句意相反，recognise（认出）、realise（意识到）均不符合。 【56题详解】 句意：在我眼中，他也是一个英雄。 Michael挺身而出维护作者，这种行为超越了普通朋友，升华到了英雄的高度。hero意为“英雄”，符合对Michael的崇敬之情。classmate（同学）、teacher（老师）、kid（孩子）均无法体现这种情感升华。 D. （共10分，task 2为3分） Read the passage and complete the following tasks. （阅读文章，完成以下任务） Survival: The Limits of Human Strength Joe Simpson was a British mountain climber. His story on Siula Grande in the Peruvian Andes is one of the most amazing survival stories ever told. In 1985, Simpson and his climbing partner Simon Yates reached the top of the 21,000-foot mountain safely. But on their way down, disaster struck: Simpson fell and broke his leg seriously. A violent storm was coming. Yates tried to lower Simpson down the mountain with ropes. However, Simpson slipped over an edge and hung in the air. Yates could not see or hear Simpson. He felt the rope pulling him off the mountain too. Yates made the painful decision to cut the rope and Simpson fell into a deep crack in the ice. Everyone thought he was dead. But amazingly, he survived the fall. With terrible injury, he climbed deeper into the ice field and found a way out. Then came the most difficult part. For three days, he dragged himself across the ice and rocks. He had no food and only a little water from melted snow. He was hardly conscious and near death when he finally reached the base camp—just a few hours before Yates was going to leave the mountain. Later, medical experts said that what Simpson did should have been impossible with his injury. He wrote his story in the book Touching the Void. It shows that when people want to live badly enough, they can do things that seem impossible. Researchers who study survival say that mental strength is more important than physical strength. Dr. John Leach, a survival psychologist from the University of Portsmouth, found that most people die not because of their injuries, but because of their minds. According to his studies, about 75% of people become “frozen” in a disaster. They can’t think clearly and do confused things. About 15% panic and do what makes the situation worse. Only 10% stay calm and think clearly—these are the people who usually survive. “Mental strength” is important for survival. Another important thing is the “will to survive”. This is a strong decision to keep going no matter what happens. People with this will break big impossible challenges into small, easy steps. They always have a reason to keep living, even in the darkest moments. Our bodies have amazing abilities to get used to extreme situations. When our lives are in danger, special systems turn on by themselves to help us. When it is very cold, our bodies first cut down blood flow to our hands and feet. This is called peripheral vasoconstriction (外周血管收缩) (it keeps our heart, lungs and brain warm). That is why fingers and toes get frostbite first. The most amazing response is the “fight or run” reaction. When we are scared or hurt, our bodies release special chemicals like adrenaline and cortisol (肾上腺素和皮质醇). These chemicals can make us stronger for a short time, make us feel less pain or even stop us from bleeding too much. This is why people sometimes do impossible things in emergencies, like lifting a car to save someone trapped under it. Task 1: Answer the questions. （回答问题） 57. How high is the mountain Simpson reached? __________________________________________________________________________________ 58. Simpson’s climbing partner managed to rescue him with ropes, didn’t he? __________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does “the most difficult part” refer to in paragraph 4? __________________________________________________________________________________ 60. According to Dr. John Leach’s research, what percentage of people will possibly die in a disaster because of their minds? __________________________________________________________________________________ 61. What is the first thing our bodies do to protect us in very cold environments? __________________________________________________________________________________ 62. Why can people do impossible things in emergencies? __________________________________________________________________________________ 63. Based on the passage, what are the two most important things a person needs to survive a life-threatening situation? __________________________________________________________________________________ Task 2: 64. According to Simpson’s experience, what should we do when we are in emergencies or trouble? __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】57. 21,000 feet (high) 58. No, he didn’t. 59. Simpson had no food and only a little water from melted snow, and he was hardly conscious and near death. 60. About 90%. 61. (When it is very cold,) our bodies first cut down blood flow to our hands and feet. 62. Because when we are scared or hurt, our bodies release special chemicals like adrenaline and cortisol. / Because of the “fight or run” reaction. / Because of special chemicals our bodies release like adrenaline and cortisol. 63. “Mental strength” and “will to survive”. 64. We should control our fear and other feelings. / We can focus on small, simple tasks instead of the big, scary problem. / We can change our plans quickly when things go wrong. / We should stay calm. / We should be strong-willed/strong-minded. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过讲述英国登山者Joe Simpson在秘鲁安第斯山脉遇险后奇迹生还的故事，引出了关于人类生存极限的讨论，分析了心理力量、生存意志以及身体在极端环境下的生理反应对生存的重要性。 【57题详解】 第二段明确指出“Simpson and his climbing partner Simon Yates reached the top of the 21,000-foot mountain safely.”，这是原文中的具体高度信息，直接提取。 【58题详解】 第三段明确指出“Yates made the painful decision to cut the rope and Simpson fell into a deep crack in the ice.”，说明Yates并没有成功用绳子救他，而是割断了绳子，因此答案是否定回答。 【59题详解】 第四段明确指出“For three days, he dragged himself across the ice and rocks. He had no food and only a little water from melted snow. He was hardly conscious and near death when he finally reached the base camp.”，说明“最困难的部分”指的是他带伤穿越冰雪和岩石、没有食物、仅靠融化雪水维持、几乎失去意识且濒临死亡的三天历程，因此答案是原文信息概括。 【60题详解】 第五段明确指出“About 75% of people become ‘frozen’... About 15% panic... Only 10% stay calm...”，因心理原因可能死亡的人数比例为75%加15%，即90%，因此答案是原文信息概括。 【61题详解】 第七段明确指出“When it is very cold, our bodies first cut down blood flow to our hands and feet.”，这是原文中的具体保护机制信息，直接提取。 【62题详解】 第八段明确指出“When we are scared or hurt, our bodies release special chemicals like adrenaline and cortisol... These chemicals can make us stronger for a short time...”，说明人们在紧急情况下能做不可能之事是因为身体释放了特殊化学物质，因此答案是原文信息概括。 【63题详解】 第五段明确指出“‘Mental strength’ is important for survival.”，第六段明确指出“Another important thing is the ‘will to survive’.”，说明生存最重要的两个因素是心理力量和生存意志，因此答案是原文信息概括。 【64题详解】 本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。结合文章内容，可从“保持冷静”“控制恐惧”“专注于小步骤”“灵活调整计划”“意志坚定”等角度作答，言之有理即可。 VII. Writing（10分） 65. 在学校的线上匿名墙上，有一些学生发的求助帖。请在以下帖子中选择一条，给出不少于60词的回复。你的回复中需指出问题，分析原因，并提出至少两条建议。 Hi, Some of my close friends often don’t wear school uniforms or red scarves at school. They think it looks cool and ask me to do the same. I don’t want to break the school rules, but I’m afraid of feeling left out. What should I do? Hi there, Now that I am 14, I want to manage my pocket money by myself, but my parents disagree. They worry I will spend money carelessly, so they prefer to keep it for me. I admire my classmates who can use their pocket money freely. How can I persuade (说服) my parents? Hello, My best friend loves painting and always asks me to go to art exhibitions with her. But I have no interest in it at all. I find going to art exhibitions time-wasting and boring. I’m afraid to tell her how I feel because I don’t want to upset her. How can I deal with this problem? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Hi there, I understand your problem. You want to manage your pocket money, but your parents disagree because they worry you will spend it carelessly. Here is some advice for you. First, you should have a good talk with your parents. Tell them you are growing up and need to learn how to manage money. Second, you can make a clear plan about how to spend your pocket money. For example, you can write down what you need to buy every week. If you show them your plan, they will believe you are careful enough. I hope my advice can help you. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文（线上回复/建议信），以一般现在时为主（描述现状、提出建议），适当使用一般将来时（表达结果） 明确要点：指出问题（想自己管零花钱但父母不同意），分析原因（父母担心乱花钱），提出两条建议（好好沟通、制定计划），表达期望 确定人称：第二人称you/your，直接与求助者对话；第一人称I，表达自己观点 注意事项：不出现真实姓名和学校 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：表示理解对方问题，简要复述困境并点明原因（父母担心乱花钱） 主体段：提出两条建议（第一，与父母坦诚沟通；第二，制定详细开支计划并展示给父母） 结尾段：表达希望和建议的有效性 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：指出问题并分析原因 问题：understand your problem/want to/manage your pocket money/want to control spending等 原因：parents disagree/worry/spend/carelessly/some advice/I know how you feel/it’s common for teenagers/they are concerned about/afraid of wasting money/let me give you some suggestions等 要点二：给出建议 沟通：First/have a good talk/with your parents/growing up/need to learn/how to manage money/have a sincere conversation/explain your thoughts/express your desire for independence/take on responsibility/ask for their trust等 计划：Second/make a clear plan/how to spend/pocket money/For example/write down/buy/every week/show them your plan/believe/careful enough/create a budget/list your expenses/set spending limits/keep a record/share your plan with them等 要点三：表达期望 hope/advice/help you/give it a try/wish you good luck/I’m sure things will improve/hope it works out/feel free to ask more等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $