内容正文:
清单05 外研版选择性必修二词汇
目录导航
01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架,搭建知识体系
02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点,分层突破重难点
Unit 1 Growing up
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
Unit 2 Improving yourself
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
Unit 3 Times change!
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
Unit 5 A delicate world
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
Unit 6 Survival
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
知识脑图·核心脉络搭建
考点深研·知能分层突破
UNIT 1 Growing up
基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
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1.wage n.工资,薪金
2.loan n.贷款
3.routine n.惯例,习惯
4.ambulance n.救护车
5.commute n.每天上班的路程
6.bond n.纽带,关系
7.chew v.咀嚼
8.swallow v.吞下,咽下
9.necktie n.领带
10.airline n.航空公司
11.prey n.猎物
12.masterpiece n.杰作
13.golf n.高尔夫球运动
14.bittersweet adj.苦乐参半的
15.cherish v.重视,珍视
16.ponder v.仔细考虑,深思
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.license n.执照 vt.批准;许可→licensed adj.得到正式许可的;获准拥有的
2.adulthood n.成年→adult n.成年人adj.成年的;成人的
3.election n.选举→elect v.选举;推选 选择
4.tax n.税 vt.对……征税→taxable adj.应纳税的
5.legal adj.合法的→ illegal adj.非法的→legally adv.合法地
6.mature adj.成熟的,明白事理的 v.成熟→maturity n.成熟
7.instantly adv.立即,马上→instant adj.立即的,立刻的
8.childhood n.童年,儿童时代→child n.儿童;小孩
9.obey v.服从,遵守→ disobey v.不服从,不遵守
10.subtle adj.难以察觉的;微妙的→subtly adv.精细地;巧妙地
11.gradual adj.逐渐的,逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地
12.selfish adj.自私的→ unselfish/selfless adj.无私的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n.自私→ unselfishness/selflessness n.无私
13.approve v.赞成,同意→approval n.赞成,同意;批准;认可→approving adj.赞成的;同意的→ disapprove v.不赞成;不同意→disapproving adj.不赞成的
14.steady adj.稳定的→steadily adv.稳定地→ unsteady adj.站不稳的;摇晃的;颤抖的
15.tempt v.诱惑,引诱→temptation n.引诱;诱惑
16.librarian n.图书馆管理员→library n.图书馆
17.commitment n.投入,花费→commit v.承诺,保证;犯;全心全意投入→committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚信的
18.suitable adj.合适的→suitably adv.合适地→suit vt.适合;合身;合(某人)心意 n.套装→suited adj.合适;般配的
19.minimum adj.最小的,最少的 n.最小值;极小量→minimize vt.使减少到最低限度;贬低
20.boarder n.寄宿生,住校生→board v.寄宿→boarding n. (学生的)寄宿
21.varied adj.各种各样的→vary v.不同;变化;变更→various adj.各种不同的;多姿多彩的→variety n.多样化;不同种类;品种→variation n.变化,变种,变体
22.digestion n.消化(过程)→digest vt. & vi.消化(食物) vt.领会 n.摘要→digestive adj.消化的
23.disheartened adj.沮丧的,灰心的→dishearten v.使沮丧;使灰心
24.tiresome adj.烦人的,令人厌烦的→tire v. (使)疲劳;疲倦→tiring adj.使人疲劳的→tired adj.疲劳的
25.consequence n.后果→consequent adj.作为结果的;随之发生的→consequently adv.因此;所以
26.intimately adv.亲密地,密切地→intimate adj.亲密的;密切的
27.politics n.政治→political adj.政治的→politician n.政治家
28.evidence n.证据→evident adj.明显的→evidently adv.明显地
29.memorable adj.难忘的→memory n.回忆,记忆→memorize v.记忆;记住
30.conclusion n.结论;结束;结尾→conclude v.得出结论;(使)结束→conclusive adj.结论性的;确凿的
知识点3 必记一词多义
approve vi. (approved, approved, approving) ①赞成,同意 vt.②认可;批准
1)approve sth.通过/批准某事
approve of (sb./sb.’s) (doing) sth.同意(某人)(做)某事
2)win one’s approval得到某人的批准/同意
give (one’s) approval to同意;批准
①Hopefully, you can approve ________ my ideas and perfect our library.希望你能同意我的想法并完善我们的图书馆。(建议信)
②She looked at him approvingly and smiled.她面带微笑赞许地望着他。(续写神态描写)
commitment n. 投入;花费;承诺
1)make a commitment to (doing) sth.保证/承诺(做)某事
2)commit mistakes/a crime犯错/犯罪
commit sb./oneself to do sth.承诺做某事
commit oneself to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事
commit sth. to (doing) sth.投入……(做)某事
3)be committed to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事
①In conclusion, these achievements reflect our nation’s strength and commitment to building a greener and more efficient transport system.总之,这些成就反映了我们国家对建设更环保、更高效的运输系统的实力和投入。(2024·全国甲卷演讲稿)
②My mind travelled back to the days when I was committed to creating Revere’s horse.我的思绪回到了我致力于创造里维尔的马的日子。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
suitable adj. 合适的
1)be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物
be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
2)suit sb. (fine/perfectly) (非常)适合某人
suit ... to ...使……适合……
suit one’s needs适合某人的需要
①My proficiency in English will surely make me suitable ________ the voluntary work.我的英语水平一定会使我适合这份志愿者工作。(申请信)
②Please let me know what time ________ (suit) you best.请告诉我您何时方便。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷邀请信)
consequence n. 结果;后果
face/take the consequences面对/承担后果
be a consequence of sth.是某事的结果
as a consequence=in consequence因此;结果
as a consequence of=in consequence of因为;由于
①My grandfather is under treatment in hospital, and ________ a consequence/consequently, I have to care for him.我祖父在医院接受治疗,因此我得照顾他。(道歉信)
②I carelessly got the plan ruined, and ________ consequence I had to face the consequences.我不小心把计划搞砸了,因此我必须承担后果。
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 执照 /ˈlaɪsns/
2. 成年 /əˈdʌlthʊd
3. 选举 /ɪˈlekt/
4. 合法的 /ˈliːɡl/
5. 成熟 /məˈtʃʊə(r)/
6. 立刻 /ˈɪnstəntli/
7. 童年 /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/
8. 服从 /əˈbeɪ/
9. 微妙的 /ˈsʌtl/
10. 自私的 /ˈselfɪʃ/
11. 赞成 /əˈpruːv/
12. 诱惑 /temp/
二、英译汉检测
1.illegal /ɪˈliːɡl/
2.maturity /məˈtʃʊərəti/
3.disobey /ˌdɪsəˈbeɪ/
4.selfishness /ˈselfɪʃnəs/
5.approval /əˈpruːvl/
6.temptation /tempˈteɪʃn/
7.commitment /kəˈmɪtmənt/
8.suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/
9.consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/
10.memorable /ˈmemərəbl/
11.evident /ˈevɪdənt/
12.conclusion /kənˈkluːʒn/
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. No one can ________ (license) you to break the law.
2. Her ________ (mature) made others trust her.
3. It is ________ (illegal) to drive without a driving permit.
4. My ________ (child) was full of happy memories.
5. He was ________ (self) and never cared about others.
6. My parents don’t approve ________ (me) staying out late.
7. He made a ________ (commit) to finish the task on time.
8. This coat is not ________ (suit) for cold weather.
9. You must face the ________ (consequent) of your mistake.
10. It is ________ (evident) that he has lied to us.
UNIT 2 Improving yourself
基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
1.nail n.钉子
2.towel n.毛巾
3.profile n.概况
4.switch v. (用开关)改变,转换
5.district n.地区,区域
6.vision n.设想,构想
7.item n.一件商品(或物品)
8.deadline n.截止时间,最后期限
9.spit v.吐口水,吐唾沫
10.detox n.脱瘾
11.bin n.垃圾箱
12.moderator n.主持人
13.fundraising n.募捐,筹款
14.headline n.媒体报道的热门话题;标题
15.headphones n. (头戴式)耳机
16.soap n.肥皂
17.toothpaste n.牙膏
18.lifelong adj.终身的
19.jar n. (玻璃)罐子,广口瓶
20.unprecedentedly
adv.空前地
21.likewise adv.同样地,相似地
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.security n.安全→secure adj.安全的;可靠的 vt.获得;得到
2.motivate v.激励,激发→motivation n.激励,激发→motivated adj.有积极性的
3.occupy v.占用,占去(时间);使忙于(做某事);任职→occupation n.工作;职业;占用;占领→occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的
4.distract v.分散(注意力),使分心→distraction n.分散注意力的事;娱乐→distracted adj.注意力分散的;思想不集中的
5.constantly adv.持续不断地,经常地→constant adj.重复的,连续不断的
6.access n.接触的机会 vt.到达;进入;存取;访问→accessible adj.可到达的;易懂的;易相处的→accessibly adv.可到达地,易相处地→accessibility n.可及性;易于进入/接近性;易懂性
7.rely v. (为生活或生存而)依赖,依靠→reliable adj.可依靠的,可信赖的;可靠的→reliably adv.可靠地→reliability n.可靠性
8.appropriate adj.恰当的,合适的→ inappropriate adj.不恰当的,不合适的→appropriately adv.恰当地,合适地
9.considerate adj.替他人着想的→consideration n.深思,考虑周到→consider vt.考虑;认为
10.clarify v.澄清,讲清楚,阐明→clarification n.澄清;阐明
11.promote vt.促进,增进;提升;促销→promotion n.促进,增进;提升;促销活动
12.necessity n.必需品→necessary adj.必需的;必然的→necessarily adv.必然地;必要地
13.invest v.投资;投入→investment n.投资;投入→investor n.投资者
14.objectively adv.客观地→objective adj.客观的 n.目标;目的→object n.物体;目标 v.反对
15.equip v.使有知识和技能,使能够胜任→equipment n.设备,装备
知识点3 必记一词多义
occupy vt. (occupied, occupied, occupying) ①占用 ②占去时间 ③使忙于(做某事) ④任职
1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
2)be occupied in doing sth.忙于做某事
be occupied with (doing) sth.忙于(做)某事
keep sb./oneself occupied使某人/自己忙碌
①I would have accompanied you, but I was occupied ________ preparing for the final exam.我本想陪你,但我正忙着准备期末考试。(道歉信)
②The twins soon found themselves ________ (occupy) in cleaning up the kitchen while their father was occupying himself ________ the breakfast.双胞胎很快忙着打扫厨房,他们的父亲则忙着做早餐。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
access n. ①接触的机会 ②通道 vt. ③到达;进入;使用;获取 ④存取;访问
1)have/get/gain (no) access to ...有(没有)……的机会;可以(无法)获取/进入/接近……
access to ...去……的通道/入口
2)sth. be accessible to sb.某人可接近/可靠近/可使用某物
①Our school stadium is accessible to us students, and we can get easy access to it when taking exercise.我校体育馆对我们学生来说很方便,我们锻炼时能使用。(告知信)
②The river led us to the access to Uncle Peter’s farm.我们沿着河来到彼得叔叔的农场。(浙江高考续写)
rely vi. (relied, relied, relying) (为生活或生存而)依赖;依靠;信赖 depend
1)rely on sb./sth. for sth.依靠某人/某物得到某物
rely on sb. to do sth.指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on it that ...相信……;指望……
2)depend on/count on依靠;依赖
①You can rely on ________ that my introduction and efforts can deepen visitors’understanding of traditional Chinese culture.你可以相信我的介绍和努力会加深参观者对中国传统文化的了解。(自荐信)
②Bernard made up his mind to follow their examples to be a reliable person whom others can rely ________ for help.伯纳德决心以他们为榜样,成为一个别人可以依靠的人。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
equip v. (equipped, equipped, equipping) ①使有知识和技能;使能够胜任 ②装备;配备
1)equip sb./sth. with sth.使某人/某物配备/具备……
equip sb./oneself for sth.使某人/自己为……做好准备
equip sb. to do sth.使某人能做某事
2)be fully/well/badly equipped装备齐全/好/简陋
be equipped with sth.安装/配备/具备某物
be equipped for为……做好准备
①The lecture is aimed at equipping you with the ways to read those body languages’giveaways.该讲座旨在教给你一些方法去解读肢体语言所泄露的信息。(通知)
②________ (equip) with the appropriate skills for the job and a good command of English, I am suitable for the job.我具备该工作所需的技能和良好的英语水平,我适合这份工作。(申请信)
③Get involved in more after-school activities and communicate more with others, which will not only equip you for social life but also let you make more friends.多参加课外活动并且和同学们多交流,这不仅能让你更好地适应社会生活,而且能让你交更多朋友。(建议信)
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 安全 /sɪˈkjʊərəti/
2. 激励 /ˈməʊtɪveɪt/
3. 占用 /ˈɒkjupaɪ/
4. 使分心 /dɪˈstrækt/
5. 持续的 /ˈkɒnstənt/
6. 可使用的 /əkˈsesəbl/
7. 依靠 /rɪˈlaɪ/
8. 恰当的 /əˈprəʊpriət/
9. 澄清 /ˈklærɪfaɪ/
10. 促进 /prəˈməʊt/
11. 投资 /ɪnˈvest/
12. 客观的 /əbˈdʒektɪv/
二、英译汉检测
1.secure /sɪˈkjʊə(r)/
2.motivation /ˌməʊtɪˈveɪʃn/
3.occupation /ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn/
4.distraction /dɪˈstrækʃn/
5.access /ˈækses/
6.reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/
7.inappropriate /ˌɪnəˈprəʊpriət/
8.clarification /ˌklærɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/
9.necessity /nəˈsesəti/
10.investment /ɪnˈvestmənt/
11.equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/
12.considerate /kənˈsɪdərət/
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Good teachers can ________ (motivate) students to study hard.
2. He ________ (occupy) himself with reading every day.
3. Noise is a big ________ (distract) when we study.
4. The library is easily ________ (access) for all students.
5. We can’t ________ (rely) on others to solve our problems.
6. It’s ________ (appropriate) to wear jeans at formal meetings.
7. Can you ________ (clarify) this confusing rule for me?
8. The activity aims at ________ (promote) friendship between classes.
9. His ________ (invest) in the project brought him profit.
10. We need enough sports ________ (equip) for PE class.
UNIT 3 Times change!
基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
1.fixture n.固定存在物
2.brick n.砖,砖块
3.shelf n.搁板,架子
4.exterior n.外观,外部
5.stationery n.文具
6.saleswoman n.女销售员
7.decade n.十年,十年期
8.reform n.改革;改进
9.initiative n.倡议
10.alongside prep. (与……)一起
11.pave v.铺(路、地面等)
12.gesture n.手势;姿势 表示 v.做手势
13.emoji n.表情符号
14.pictograph n.象形图
15.pictorial adj.图画的
16.comic n.连环漫画
17.textspeak n.短信简写语
18.tablet n.平板电脑
19.organic adj.有机的,绿色的
20.costume n.化装服
21.cafeteria n.自助餐厅
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.legendary adj.大名鼎鼎的,传奇式的→legend n.传奇;传奇人物
2.elderly adj.年老的→elder n.长者;长辈 adj.年纪较长的
3.sympathy n.同情→sympathetic adj.同情的,怜悯的→sympathetically adv.同情地;怜悯地
4.dusty adj.布满灰尘的→dust n.灰尘
5.furniture n.家具→furnish v.布置家具 提供→furnished adj.配备家具的
6.mist n.薄雾,雾霭→misty adj.有雾的
7.leadership n.领导,领导地位→leader n.领导者→lead vt. & vi.带路;引领;通向;通往 vi.导致;造成 vt.过(某种生活)→leading adj.最重要的;领先的;最前的
8.recital n.朗诵会→recite v.背诵;朗诵
9.humble adj.简陋的;谦虚的 vt.贬低;使感到卑微→humbly adv.谦逊地
10.compete v.竞争→competition n.竞争→competitor n.竞争者,竞争对手→competitive adj.有竞争性的
11.emphasise v.强调→emphasis n.强调;重要性
12.reconstruction n.重建,修复→construction n.建设→construct v.建设→constructive adj.建设性的,积极的
13.journalist n.新闻工作者;新闻记者→journal n.报纸,刊物;日志
14.socialist adj.社会主义的→social adj.社会的;社交的→society n.社会;社团
15.solid adj.坚实的 可靠的;可依赖的 n.固体→solidity n.固态;可靠性→solidify v. (使)凝固,巩固
16.economic adj.经济(上)的;经济学的;合算的→economy n.经济;节约→economical adj.经济的;实惠的;节俭的;节约的→economically adv.在经济上;节俭地;节约地→economise/-ize vi.节省;节约;节俭→economist n.经济学家
17.occupation n.工作,职业→occupy v.占用,占去(时间)→occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的
18.integral adj.不可缺少的→integrally adv.完整地;整体地→integrality n.完整性
19.category n.类别→categorize vt.将……分类;把……加以归类
20.expand v.增加,(使)扩大→expansion n.扩张;扩大
21.emotional adj.情绪(上)的,情感(上)的→emotion n.感情;情绪
22.facial adj.面部的;脸上的→face n.脸
23.intention n.意图;打算;目的→intend v.意图,打算→intentional adj.故意的,蓄意的→intentionally adv.故意地,蓄意地→ unintentionally adv.无意地
24.adaptation n.改编版→adapt v.适应;改编→adaptable adj.能适应的
25.accessible adj.易懂的;易进入的;易得到的;易使用的→access n.接触的机会;通道 vt.进入;使用;获取
26.tendency n.倾向,趋势→tend vi.倾向;趋向
27.facilitate vt.促进,使便利→facilitation n.促进
28.educator n.教育工作者,教育学家→educate v.教育→education n.教育→educational adj.教育的;有教育意义的
29.secondary adj.次要的,第二位的→second num.第二;其次
30.urgently adv.紧急地;急迫地→urgent adj.紧急的;迫切的→urgency n.紧急
31.convincing adj.有说服力的,使人信服的→convince v.使信服,使确信→convinced adj.确信的,信服的
知识点3 必记一词多义
sympathy n. ①同情 ②赞同
1)have/feel (no) sympathy for sb. (不)同情某人
express/offer sympathy表达/表示同情
get sympathy from sb.得到某人的同情
in sympathy with ...赞同/支持
in/with sympathy同情地
2)be/feel sympathetic to/towards ...同情……
①I’m writing to express my sympathy ________ your falling ill during your stay in Beijing.你在北京逗留期间生病,我写信深表同情。(劝慰信)
②Seeing him lying helplessly in bed, I felt a sense of sympathy and mercy welling up in my heart.看到他无助地躺在床上,我深感同情和怜悯。(续写场景+情感描写)
③He nodded his head sympathetically.他同情地点点头。
compete vi. ①竞争;对抗 ②参加比赛
1)compete in ...参加……(比赛/竞争)
compete for ...为……而竞争
compete with/against sb.与某人竞争
2)in competition with ...与……进行竞争
①We will compete ________ other volleyball teams ________ the championship.我们将与其他排球队争夺冠军。(告知信)
②Life is like a long ________ (compete) race in which we compete against others to go beyond ourselves.人生就像一场漫长的竞赛,我们与别人竞争,以超越自己。(续写主旨升华)
convincing adj. 有说服力的;使人信服的
1)convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事
convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事
convince sb. that ...使某人相信……
2)be convinced of sth./that ...确信(某事)……
make sb. convinced of sth.使某人相信某事
①I am convinced that all my efforts are bound to pay off.我深信,我所有的努力都一定会得到回报。(短文)
②Her determination and teamwork skills convinced us ________ her ability to do the job well.她的决心和协作技巧令我们相信她能做好这份工作。
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 传奇的 /ˈledʒəndri/
2. 年老的 /ˈeldəli/
3. 同情 /ˈsɪmpəθi/
4. 布满灰尘的 /ˈdʌsti/
5. 布置家具 /ˈfɜːnɪʃ/
6. 薄雾 /mɪst/
7. 领导 /liːd/
8. 背诵 /rɪˈsaɪt/
9. 谦虚的 /ˈhʌmbl/
10. 竞争 /kəmˈpiːt/
11. 强调 /ˈemfəsaɪz/
12. 重建 /ˌriːkənˈstrʌkt/
二、英译汉检测
1.legend /ˈledʒənd/
2.sympathetic /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/
3.furniture /ˈfɜːnɪtʃə(r)/
4.misty /ˈmɪsti/
5.leadership /ˈliːdəʃɪp/
6.recital /rɪˈsaɪtl/
7.competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/
8.emphasis /ˈemfəsɪs/
9.construction /kənˈstrʌkʃn/
10.intention /ɪnˈtenʃn/
11.adapt /əˈdæpt/
12.tendency /ˈtendənsi/
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The old man is a ________ (legend) folk artist.
2. I felt deep ________ (sympathy) for the homeless kids.
3. The room is empty and not ________ (furnish).
4. The early morning was covered with thin ________ (mist).
5. He ________ (lead) our team to win the match last term.
6. She can ________ (recite) all ancient poems in the book.
7. They will ________ (compete) for the first prize.
8. The teacher ________ (emphasise) the importance of reading.
9. His ________ (intend) is to protect traditional culture.
10. Young people have a ________ (tend) to love online shopping.
UNIT 4 Breaking boundaries
基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
1.vital adj.极其重要的,必不可少的
2.twin adj.双胞胎的
3.clinic n.诊所;门诊部
4.ward n.病房
5.van n.小型货车
6.vomit n.呕吐物
7.tackle vt. 处理,对付(难题)
8.combat v.防止,抑制
9.perish v.死亡
10.statistic n. (一项)统计数据
11.altogether adv.完全,全部
12.joint adj.联合的,共同的
13.boundary n.边界;分界线
14.battlefield n.战场
15.liberty n.自由
16.union n.联邦
17.mount v.走上,登上
18.conceive v.构想,设想
19.consecrate v.宣布……为神圣之处
20.detract v.减低,破坏,损害
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.assist v.协助,帮助→assistance n.帮助;援助→assistant n.助理;助手
2.tragic adj.悲惨的,不幸的→tragically adv.悲剧地;悲惨地→tragedy n.悲剧;悲惨的事
3.relieve vt.给(某人)换班;减轻,缓和→relief n.宽慰;换班者→relieved adj.宽慰的;欣慰的
4.specialist n.专家→special adj.特别的;专用的→specialize/-ise v.专门研究;专攻
5.infectious adj.传染性的→infect v.传染,感染→infection n.传染,感染→infected adj.被感染的→disinfect v.为……消毒,给……杀菌
6.devotion n.奉献→devote v.将……用于……上;尽心竭力于→devoted adj.忠诚的;挚爱的
7.miracle n.奇迹;意外的幸运事→miraculous adj.奇迹的;不可思议的
8.compensate v.补偿,弥补→compensation n.补偿;赔偿
9.collaborate v.合作,协作→collaboration n.合作;协作→collaborative adj.合作的;协作的
10.minority n.少数派;少数→minor adj.次要的;较小的→ majority n.大部分;大多数→major adj.主要的;大的
11.realistic adj. (目标、希望)能够实现的→realistically adv.切合实际地→realist n.现实主义者;务实的人→reality n.现实;事实
12.inclusive adj.包容广阔的→include v.包括;包含→inclusion n.包括;包含→including prep.包括……在内
13.harmonious adj.和睦的,融洽的→harmony n.和谐
14.mutual adj.共有的,共同的→mutually adv.相互地;彼此
15.rewarding adj.值得做的,有意义的→reward n. & v.报酬;回报
16.civil adj.公民的,国民的→civilian adj.平民的,百姓的 n.平民,老百姓
17.slave n.奴隶→slavery n.奴隶制
18.division n.分歧;分裂→divide v.分开→divided adj.分裂的;有分歧的
19.dedicate v.致力于,献身于→dedication n.献身;奉献→dedicated adj.献身的;专心致志的
20.endure v.持续存在→endurance n.忍耐力;耐久力→enduring adj.持久的;耐久的
21.hallow v.使成为神圣→hallowed adj.神圣的;受崇敬的
22.nobly adv.高尚地,崇高地→noble adj.崇高的;高贵的
23.influential adj.有影响力的→influence v.& n.影响
24.communist adj.共产主义的→communism n.共产主义
知识点3 必记一词多义
vital adj. ①必不可少的;极其重要的 ②充满生机的
1)be vital to/for ...对……至关重要
It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要。
2)be of vital importance/significance至关重要
①It is ________ vital importance that we learn something from failure.我们从失败中吸取教训是至关重要的。(续写主旨升华)
②If we are to make a difference in life, it’s vital to begin with small things.如果我们想要在生活中做出改变,从小事开始至关重要。(续写主旨升华)
cast v. (cast, cast, casting) ①选派(角色);扔;投;掷 n. ②演员阵容;全体演员;投;掷
cast down使失望;使沮丧
cast aside抛弃;丢弃
cast away漂流到,流落在(常用被动)
cast ... over/on/across ...在……上投射……
cast a shadow over sth.给某物蒙上阴影
①The experience cast a shadow over my whole life.这个经历给我的一生蒙上了阴影。
②The moon cast a bright light over the yard.月亮在院子里洒下明亮的光。(续写环境描写)
influential adj. 有影响力的;有支配力的
1)be influential in对……有影响
2)have a good/positive/powerful/lasting influence on/upon对……有好的/积极的/强大的/持久的影响
under the influence of在……影响下
3)influence sb. to do sth.影响某人做某事
be influenced by ...被……影响
①Yuan Longping is one of the most ________ (influence) scientists in agriculture, ________ whose influence I decide to major in science.袁隆平是最有影响力的农业科学家之一,在他的影响下我决定主修理科。(写人短文)
②My physics teacher is my role model, who has influenced me to take up a position as a teacher.我的物理老师是我的榜样,他影响了我去做一名教师。(写人短文)
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 极其重要的 /ˈvaɪtl/
2. 处理 /ˈtækl/
3. 协助 /əˈsɪst/
4. 悲剧 /ˈtrædʒədi/
5. 减轻 /rɪˈliːv/
6. 专家 /ˈspeʃəlɪst/
7. 传染 /ɪnˈfekt/
8. 奉献 /dɪˈvəʊt/
9. 补偿 /ˈkɒmpenseɪt/
10. 合作 /kəʊˈlæbəreɪt/
11. 现实的 /riəˈlɪstɪk/
12. 和谐 /ˈhɑːməni/
二、英译汉检测
1.tragic /ˈtrædʒɪk/
2.relief /rɪˈliːf/
3.infection /ɪnˈfekʃn/
4.devotion /dɪˈvəʊʃn/
5.compensation /ˌkɒmpenˈseɪʃn/
6.collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃn/
7.reality /riˈæləti/
8.harmonious /hɑːˈməʊniəs/
9.mutual /ˈmjuːtʃuəl/
10.rewarding /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/
11.minority /maɪˈnɒrəti/
12.inclusive /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. It is ________ (vital) to learn basic first aid.
2. We need to ________ (tackle) environmental problems together.
3. Volunteers ________ (assist) doctors in the clinic every day.
4. The film tells a ________ (tragic) story of two families.
5. The medicine can ________ (relieve) your pain quickly.
6. She is a ________ (special) in animal protection.
7. Dirty water can ________ (infect) people easily.
8. He ________ (devote) all his life to medical work.
9. The factory must ________ (compensate) for the pollution damage.
10. We need ________ (harmony) relations between classmates.
UNIT 5 A delicate world
基础梳理・自主精练——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
1.appetite n.胃口,食欲
2.incident n.事件
3.collapse v.倒坍;塌下
4.heritage n.遗产;传统
5.session n.一段时间
6.status n.地位,身份
7.halfway adj.中间的,半途的
8.postscript n.附言
9.altitude n.海拔(高度)
10.vegetation n.植物,草木(总称)
11.floral adj.花的
12.herbal adj.用香(药)草制成的
13.dissolve v. (使)溶解
14.rat n.大老鼠
15.penguin n.企鹅
16.beehive n.蜂房,蜂箱
17.pest n.有害小动物;害虫
18.virus n.病毒
19.elsewhere adv.在别处,到别处
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.dramatically adv.显著地,戏剧性地→dramatic adj.戏剧性的→drama n.戏剧
2.inhabitant n.栖居的动物;居民→inhabit v.居住在,栖息于→habitable adj.适合居住的
3.subsequently adv.后来,随后→subsequent adj.后来的,随后的
4.multiply v. (使)大大增加,(使)倍增;乘;(使)繁殖→multiple adj.数量多的;多种多样的 n.倍数
5.erosion n.侵蚀→erode v.侵蚀
6.conservation n.保护→conserve vt.保护,保存,节省
7.trap n.夹子;陷阱 vt.使陷入困境;设陷阱捕捉 卡住;吸收→trapped/trapped (过去式/过去分词)
8.departure n.离开→depart v.离开;起程
9.explode v.突然增加,急剧增长;爆炸;勃然(大怒)→explosion n.爆炸→explosive adj.突增的;爆炸性的;易爆炸的
10.intervention n.干预,介入→intervene v.介入;干扰
11.ecology n.生态;生态学→ecological adj.生态的,生态学的→ecologist n.生态学家
12.nutrient n.养分,营养物→nutritious adj.有营养的;营养丰富的→nutrition n.营养;滋养
13.comparison n.比较→compare v.比较,对比;将……比作
14.visual adj.视觉的→visually adv.视觉上→visualize/-ise v.使形象化;想象;使看得见
15.mysterious adj.神秘的→mystery n.神秘的事情
16.criterion n.标准,准则→criteria (pl.)标准,准则
17.prosper v.兴旺,发达→prosperous adj.繁荣的;兴旺的→prosperity n.兴旺;繁荣
18.rare adj.稀有的,罕见的→rarely adv.罕有;很少
19.biological adj.生物的,与生物有关的→biology n.生物,生物学→biologist n.生物学家
20.substantial adj.大量的,多的→substantially adv.大幅地;基本上
21.apparently adv.据说;看来;似乎→apparent adj.显而易见;显然
22.vast adj.巨大的,广大的→vastness n.广大;辽阔
23.variation n.差异;变化→variety n.不同种类;变化;品种→various adj.各种各样的→vary v.变化;不同
24.thrive v.茁壮成长→thriving adj.兴旺的
25.endangered adj.濒临灭绝的→endanger v.危害;使遭受危险→danger n.危险;危害→dangerous adj.有危险的
26.invasion n.涌入→invade v.侵略;涌入→invader n.侵略者
27.coexist v.共存;共处→exist v.存在;生存→existence n.存在→existing adj.现存的;现行的→existent adj.存在的;实有的
28.secure adj.安全的,稳固的 vt.获得;取得→ insecure adj.不安全的;无保障的→security n.安全;保护措施;保证→securely adv.安全地;牢靠地
29.owe v.应该做;对……负有……的义务→owing adj.应付的;欠着的
30.immunity n.免疫力→immune adj.有免疫力
知识点3 必记一词多义
1.decrease vt.& vi. ①减少;使减小 n. ②减少;降低 ③减少量
decrease vt.& vi. ①减少;使减小 n. ②减少;降低 ③减少量
1)decrease by减少了
decrease (from ...) to (从……)减少到
decrease in在某方面下降
2)on the decrease在下降;在减少
a decrease in sth.某方面的减少/下降
①With the traffic improving, the number of accidents is ________ the decrease.随着交通状况的改善,交通事故的数量在减少。
②The number of new students has decreased from 2,000 ________ 1,600 in recent two years.近两年新生人数从2 000减少到1 600。
trap vt. (trapped, trapped, trapping) n. ①夹子;陷阱 ②使陷入困境 ③设陷阱捕捉 卡住;吸收
1)trap sb. into (doing) sth.使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套;使某人中计
be/get trapped in ...被困在……中
2)fall into the trap of doing sth.落入做某事的圈套
①I’m often trapped in some new words when reading English.我读英语时,经常被一些不认识的单词难住。(求助信)
②Whatever you do, don’t fall into the trap of thinking that you’re always right.不管你做什么事情,千万不要落入思维误区,认为你总是对的。
owe vt. ①应该做;对……负有……的义务 ②欠(账、债、情等) ③归因于;归功于
1)owe sb.sth.=owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物
owe ... to ...把……归功于……
owe an apology to sb./owe sb. an apology应向某人道歉
owe it to sb. that ...多亏某人……
2)owing to因为;由于
①I owe an apology ________ you for failing to go outing with you this Sunday.本周日我不能和你去郊游,我得向你道歉。(道歉信)
②Bernard owed ________ to the kind family that he could earn some money to help support his poor family.伯纳德将自己能挣些钱来帮助他的贫困家庭归功于这好心的一家人。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 食欲 /ˈæpətaɪt/
2. 坍塌 /kəˈlæps/
3. 遗产 /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/
4. 溶解 /dɪˈzɒlv/
5. 繁殖 /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/
6. 侵蚀 /ɪˈrəʊd/
7. 保护 /kənˈsɜːv/
8. 困住 /træp/
9. 爆炸 /ɪkˈspləʊd/
10. 干预 /ˌɪntəˈviːn/
11. 稀少 /reə(r)/
12. 濒临灭绝 /ɪnˈdeɪndʒə(r)/
二、英译汉检测
1.incident /ˈɪnsɪdənt/
2.departure /dɪˈpɑːtʃə(r)/
3.explosion /ɪkˈspləʊʒn/
4.ecology /iˈkɒlədʒi/
5.nutritious /njuːˈtrɪʃəs/
6.comparison /kəmˈpærɪsn/
7.mysterious /mɪˈstɪəriəs/
8.prosperous /ˈprɒspərəs/
9.variation /ˌveəriˈeɪʃn/
10.thrive /θraɪv/
11.rarely /ˈreəli/
12.endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Fresh fruit can improve people’s ________ (appetite).
2. The old wall ________ (collapse) in the heavy rain.
3. We should protect our cultural ________ (heritage).
4. Salt can ________ (dissolve) in warm water.
5. Insects ________ (multiply) fast in warm weather.
6. Rain will slowly ________ (erode) the soil on hills.
7. Everyone has a duty ________ (conserve) wild animals.
8. Many animals get ________ (trap) in plastic rubbish.
9. The volcano ________ (explode) hundreds of years ago.
10. Pandas are ________ (danger) animals in the wild.
UNIT 6 Survival
基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
1.firefighter n.消防队员
2.fuel n.燃料 v.给……提供燃料;刺激
3.wipe v.擦,拭,揩
4.newcomer n.新来者
5.fox n.狐狸
6.racoon n.浣熊
7.trunk n.树干
8.cave n.岩洞;山洞,洞穴
9.seaside adj.海滨的
10.garlic n. (大)蒜
11.lamb n.羔羊肉
12.flourish v.生长茂盛,兴盛
13.supplement v.补充,增补,增加
14.garbage n.垃圾
15.hostile adj. (生长环境)恶劣的
16.nuclear adj.核武器的
17.agency n.机构;局,部,处
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.crime n.罪,罪行→criminal n.罪犯 adj.犯罪的
2.greedy adj.贪婪的,贪心的→greedily adv.贪婪地;贪心地→greed n.贪婪;贪心
3.commit v.犯(错误或罪行);承诺;投入→commitment n.承诺;奉献→committed adj.坚信的;尽心尽力的
4.container n.容器→contain v.包含;容纳;控制;抑制
5.estimate v.估计,估算→estimation n.估计,估算
6.migratory adj.迁徙的→migrate v.迁徙;移居→migration n.迁移;迁徙
7.appreciate v.欣赏,赏识,鉴赏 领会;意识到→appreciation n.欣赏,感激→appreciative adj.感激的;赏识的
8.crucial adj.至关重要的,关键性的→crucially adv.至关重要地,关键性地
9.urban adj.城镇的,城市的→suburban adj.郊区的;城外的
10.restrict v.限制,控制→restriction n.限制,控制→restricted adj.有限的;受约束的
11.hiker n.徒步旅行者,远足者→hike v.远足 n.远足
12.optimistic adj.乐观的;乐观主义的→optimism n.乐观,乐观主义→optimist n.乐观的人
13.consumption n. (精力、油、电等的)消耗量→consume v.消耗,消费;吃;烧毁;使充满(强烈的感情)→consumer n.消费者;顾客
14.eliminate v.消除,根除→elimination n.消除;排除
15.fierce adj.恶劣的;极端的→fiercely adv.猛烈地
16.react v. (作出)反应→reaction n.反应→reactive adj.反应的;能起化学反应的
17.monthly adj.每月一次的→month n.月
18.advanced adj.高级的;先进的 晚期的→advance v. & n.前进;发展→advancement n.发展,前进
19.terrifying adj.极其可怕的,骇人听闻的→terrify v.使恐惧;使惊吓→terrified adj.害怕的;恐惧的
20.unmanned adj.无人驾驶(操纵)的→ manned adj.载人的;有人控制的
21.stunning adj.极具吸引力的;令人惊奇的→stun v.使昏迷;使震惊→stunned adj.惊呆的
22.infer v.推定,推断→inferred/inferred (过去式/过去分词)→inference n.推断
23.expose v.使暴露(于险境);揭露,使接触→exposure n.暴露;揭露;面临→exposed adj.无遮蔽的
24.astronaut n.宇航员,太空人→astronomy n.天文学→astronomer n.天文学家
25.dust n.尘土;沙土→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
26.indoors adv.在室内→indoor adj.室内的
27.thief n.小偷,贼→thieves (pl.)→theft n.偷;偷窃
知识点3 必记一词多义
estimate vt. ①估计 ②估价;估算 n. ③估计;估算
estimate sth. at sth.估算;估计
be estimated to be/have估计是/有
estimate that估计……
It is estimated that ...据估计……
①Windy though it was that day, we arrived at the castle which was estimated to be 700 years old.尽管那天风很大,但是我们还是到达了这座估计有700年历史的城堡。(短文)
②________ is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.据估计,英语中80%的谈话都是闲谈。(短文)
appreciate vt. ①欣赏;赏识;鉴赏 ②感激 领会;意识到 vi. 增值
1)appreciate+n./pron./v.-ing重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if ...假如……,我将不胜感激。
appreciate the importance/significance/value of ...意识到……的重要性/意义/价值
appreciate+that/wh-从句 理解/意识到……
2)convey/express one’s appreciation表达感激
①I would appreciate ________ if you could share with me some details about the activity.如果你能告知我活动相关细节,我将不胜感激。(询问信)
②This little bird slowly landed on my right shoulder and gave me a gentle kiss as if appreciating ________ (save) her life.小鸟慢慢落在我的右肩上,轻轻地吻了我一下,好像在感激我救了她的命。(2023·浙江高考1月续写)
③Though I didn’t win, I gained something far more valuable—a new-found ________ (appreciate) of the true meaning of being a champion.虽然我没赢,但我得到了更有价值的东西——对作为冠军的真正意义有了新的认识。(续写主旨升华)
expose vt. ①使暴露于(险境) ②使接触;使体验 ③显露 ④揭露
1)expose ... to ...使……接触;使……暴露于……
expose oneself to ...使自己面临……;使自己暴露于……
expose sth. to sb.向某人揭发某事
2)(be) exposed to ...暴露于/接触……
①Having been exposed ________ Chinese paintings since my childhood, I can get visitors to know more about them.我从小接触国画,能让游客更加了解国画。(申请信)
②Seeing us approaching, she smiled joyfully, exposing nice little teeth.看到我们走近,她笑逐颜开,露出了漂亮的小白牙。(续写神态描写)
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 燃料 /ˈfjuːəl/
2. 擦 /waɪp/
3. 贪婪的 /ˈɡriːdi/
4. 犯罪 /kraɪm/
5. 包含 /kənˈteɪn/
6. 估计 /ˈestɪmeɪt/
7. 迁徙 /maɪˈɡreɪt/
8. 欣赏 /əˈpriːʃieɪt/
9. 关键的 /ˈkruːʃl/
10. 限制 /rɪˈstrɪkt/
11. 乐观的 /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/
12. 暴露 /ɪkˈspəʊz/
二、英译汉检测
1.criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnl/
2.commit /kəˈmɪt/
3.container /kənˈteɪnə(r)/
4.migration /maɪˈɡreɪʃn/
5.appreciation /əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn/
6.optimism /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/
7.consume /kənˈsjuːm/
8.eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/
9.fierce /fɪəs/
10.reaction /riˈækʃn/
11.exposure /ɪkˈspəʊʒə(r)/
12.terrified /ˈterɪfaɪd/
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Coal is a kind of natural ________ (fuel).
2. She ________ (wipe) the dirt off the window just now.
3. Being ________ (greed) will bring you trouble.
4. Stealing is a serious ________ (crime).
5. This bottle ________ (contain) clean drinking water.
6. Scientists ________ (estimate) the number of wild birds now.
7. Many birds ________ (migrate) south every winter.
8. I would really ________ (appreciate) your help.
9. It is ________ (crucially) to save drinking water.
10. Don’t ________ (expose) your skin to strong sunlight.
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清单05 外研版选择性必修二词汇
目录导航
01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架,搭建知识体系
02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点,分层突破重难点
Unit 1 Growing up
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
Unit 2 Improving yourself
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
Unit 3 Times change!
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
Unit 5 A delicate world
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
Unit 6 Survival
基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义
重难突破·考向精练
知识脑图·核心脉络搭建
考点深研·知能分层突破
UNIT 1 Growing up
基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
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1.wage n.工资,薪金
2.loan n.贷款
3.routine n.惯例,习惯
4.ambulance n.救护车
5.commute n.每天上班的路程
6.bond n.纽带,关系
7.chew v.咀嚼
8.swallow v.吞下,咽下
9.necktie n.领带
10.airline n.航空公司
11.prey n.猎物
12.masterpiece n.杰作
13.golf n.高尔夫球运动
14.bittersweet adj.苦乐参半的
15.cherish v.重视,珍视
16.ponder v.仔细考虑,深思
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.license n.执照 vt.批准;许可→licensed adj.得到正式许可的;获准拥有的
2.adulthood n.成年→adult n.成年人adj.成年的;成人的
3.election n.选举→elect v.选举;推选 选择
4.tax n.税 vt.对……征税→taxable adj.应纳税的
5.legal adj.合法的→ illegal adj.非法的→legally adv.合法地
6.mature adj.成熟的,明白事理的 v.成熟→maturity n.成熟
7.instantly adv.立即,马上→instant adj.立即的,立刻的
8.childhood n.童年,儿童时代→child n.儿童;小孩
9.obey v.服从,遵守→ disobey v.不服从,不遵守
10.subtle adj.难以察觉的;微妙的→subtly adv.精细地;巧妙地
11.gradual adj.逐渐的,逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地
12.selfish adj.自私的→ unselfish/selfless adj.无私的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n.自私→ unselfishness/selflessness n.无私
13.approve v.赞成,同意→approval n.赞成,同意;批准;认可→approving adj.赞成的;同意的→ disapprove v.不赞成;不同意→disapproving adj.不赞成的
14.steady adj.稳定的→steadily adv.稳定地→ unsteady adj.站不稳的;摇晃的;颤抖的
15.tempt v.诱惑,引诱→temptation n.引诱;诱惑
16.librarian n.图书馆管理员→library n.图书馆
17.commitment n.投入,花费→commit v.承诺,保证;犯;全心全意投入→committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚信的
18.suitable adj.合适的→suitably adv.合适地→suit vt.适合;合身;合(某人)心意 n.套装→suited adj.合适;般配的
19.minimum adj.最小的,最少的 n.最小值;极小量→minimize vt.使减少到最低限度;贬低
20.boarder n.寄宿生,住校生→board v.寄宿→boarding n. (学生的)寄宿
21.varied adj.各种各样的→vary v.不同;变化;变更→various adj.各种不同的;多姿多彩的→variety n.多样化;不同种类;品种→variation n.变化,变种,变体
22.digestion n.消化(过程)→digest vt. & vi.消化(食物) vt.领会 n.摘要→digestive adj.消化的
23.disheartened adj.沮丧的,灰心的→dishearten v.使沮丧;使灰心
24.tiresome adj.烦人的,令人厌烦的→tire v. (使)疲劳;疲倦→tiring adj.使人疲劳的→tired adj.疲劳的
25.consequence n.后果→consequent adj.作为结果的;随之发生的→consequently adv.因此;所以
26.intimately adv.亲密地,密切地→intimate adj.亲密的;密切的
27.politics n.政治→political adj.政治的→politician n.政治家
28.evidence n.证据→evident adj.明显的→evidently adv.明显地
29.memorable adj.难忘的→memory n.回忆,记忆→memorize v.记忆;记住
30.conclusion n.结论;结束;结尾→conclude v.得出结论;(使)结束→conclusive adj.结论性的;确凿的
知识点3 必记一词多义
1.approve vi. (approved, approved, approving) ①赞成,同意 vt. ②认可;批准
1)approve sth.通过/批准某事
approve of (sb./sb.’s) (doing) sth.同意(某人)(做)某事
2)win one’s approval得到某人的批准/同意
give (one’s) approval to同意;批准
①Hopefully, you can approve of my ideas and perfect our library.希望你能同意我的想法并完善我们的图书馆。(建议信)
②She looked at him approvingly and smiled.她面带微笑赞许地望着他。(续写神态描写)
2.commitment n. 投入;花费;承诺
1)make a commitment to (doing) sth.保证/承诺(做)某事
2)commit mistakes/a crime犯错/犯罪
commit sb./oneself to do sth.承诺做某事
commit oneself to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事
commit sth. to (doing) sth.投入……(做)某事
3)be committed to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事
①In conclusion, these achievements reflect our nation’s strength and commitment to building a greener and more efficient transport system.总之,这些成就反映了我们国家对建设更环保、更高效的运输系统的实力和投入。(2024·全国甲卷演讲稿)
②My mind travelled back to the days when I was committed to creating Revere’s horse.我的思绪回到了我致力于创造里维尔的马的日子。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
3.suitable adj. 合适的
1)be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物
be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
2)suit sb. (fine/perfectly) (非常)适合某人
suit ... to ...使……适合……
suit one’s needs适合某人的需要
①My proficiency in English will surely make me suitable for the voluntary work.我的英语水平一定会使我适合这份志愿者工作。(申请信)
②Please let me know what time suits (suit) you best.请告诉我您何时方便。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷邀请信)
4.consequence n. 结果;后果
face/take the consequences面对/承担后果
be a consequence of sth.是某事的结果
as a consequence=in consequence因此;结果
as a consequence of=in consequence of因为;由于
①My grandfather is under treatment in hospital, and as a consequence/consequently, I have to care for him.我祖父在医院接受治疗,因此我得照顾他。(道歉信)
②I carelessly got the plan ruined, and in consequence I had to face the consequences.我不小心把计划搞砸了,因此我必须承担后果。
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 执照 /ˈlaɪsns/
2. 成年 /əˈdʌlthʊd
3. 选举 /ɪˈlekt/
4. 合法的 /ˈliːɡl/
5. 成熟 /məˈtʃʊə(r)/
6. 立刻 /ˈɪnstəntli/
7. 童年 /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/
8. 服从 /əˈbeɪ/
9. 微妙的 /ˈsʌtl/
10. 自私的 /ˈselfɪʃ/
11. 赞成 /əˈpruːv/
12. 诱惑 /temp/
答案
1.license 2.adulthood 3.elect 4.legal 5.mature 6.instantly 7.childhood 8.obey 9.subtle 10.selfish 11.approve 12.tempt
二、英译汉检测
1.illegal /ɪˈliːɡl/
2.maturity /məˈtʃʊərəti/
3.disobey /ˌdɪsəˈbeɪ/
4.selfishness /ˈselfɪʃnəs/
5.approval /əˈpruːvl/
6.temptation /tempˈteɪʃn/
7.commitment /kəˈmɪtmənt/
8.suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/
9.consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/
10.memorable /ˈmemərəbl/
11.evident /ˈevɪdənt/
12.conclusion /kənˈkluːʒn/
答案
1.adj. 非法的 2.n. 成熟 3.v. 不服从 4.n. 自私 5.n. 赞成;批准 6.n. 诱惑 7.n. 承诺;投入
8.adj. 合适的 9.n. 后果 10.adj. 难忘的 11.adj. 明显的 12.n. 结论
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. No one can ________ (license) you to break the law.
2. Her ________ (mature) made others trust her.
3. It is ________ (illegal) to drive without a driving permit.
4. My ________ (child) was full of happy memories.
5. He was ________ (self) and never cared about others.
6. My parents don’t approve ________ (me) staying out late.
7. He made a ________ (commit) to finish the task on time.
8. This coat is not ________ (suit) for cold weather.
9. You must face the ________ (consequent) of your mistake.
10. It is ________ (evident) that he has lied to us.
解析
1. license:情态动词 can 后接动词原形。
2. maturity:形容词性物主代词后用名词,mature 的名词形式。
3. illegal:系动词后用形容词,结合句意 “无证驾驶非法”。
4. childhood:my 后接名词,表童年时光。
5. selfish:系动词 was 后用形容词作表语。
6. of me:固定搭配 approve of sb. doing sth. 赞成某人做某事。
7. commitment:不定冠词 a 后接名词。
8. suitable:固定搭配 be suitable for 适合……。
9. consequences:后果常用复数形式,表示多种影响。
10. evident:It is + adj. that 句型,用形容词。
UNIT 2 Improving yourself
基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
1.nail n.钉子
2.towel n.毛巾
3.profile n.概况
4.switch v. (用开关)改变,转换
5.district n.地区,区域
6.vision n.设想,构想
7.item n.一件商品(或物品)
8.deadline n.截止时间,最后期限
9.spit v.吐口水,吐唾沫
10.detox n.脱瘾
11.bin n.垃圾箱
12.moderator n.主持人
13.fundraising n.募捐,筹款
14.headline n.媒体报道的热门话题;标题
15.headphones n. (头戴式)耳机
16.soap n.肥皂
17.toothpaste n.牙膏
18.lifelong adj.终身的
19.jar n. (玻璃)罐子,广口瓶
20.unprecedentedly
adv.空前地
21.likewise adv.同样地,相似地
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.security n.安全→secure adj.安全的;可靠的 vt.获得;得到
2.motivate v.激励,激发→motivation n.激励,激发→motivated adj.有积极性的
3.occupy v.占用,占去(时间);使忙于(做某事);任职→occupation n.工作;职业;占用;占领→occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的
4.distract v.分散(注意力),使分心→distraction n.分散注意力的事;娱乐→distracted adj.注意力分散的;思想不集中的
5.constantly adv.持续不断地,经常地→constant adj.重复的,连续不断的
6.access n.接触的机会 vt.到达;进入;存取;访问→accessible adj.可到达的;易懂的;易相处的→accessibly adv.可到达地,易相处地→accessibility n.可及性;易于进入/接近性;易懂性
7.rely v. (为生活或生存而)依赖,依靠→reliable adj.可依靠的,可信赖的;可靠的→reliably adv.可靠地→reliability n.可靠性
8.appropriate adj.恰当的,合适的→ inappropriate adj.不恰当的,不合适的→appropriately adv.恰当地,合适地
9.considerate adj.替他人着想的→consideration n.深思,考虑周到→consider vt.考虑;认为
10.clarify v.澄清,讲清楚,阐明→clarification n.澄清;阐明
11.promote vt.促进,增进;提升;促销→promotion n.促进,增进;提升;促销活动
12.necessity n.必需品→necessary adj.必需的;必然的→necessarily adv.必然地;必要地
13.invest v.投资;投入→investment n.投资;投入→investor n.投资者
14.objectively adv.客观地→objective adj.客观的 n.目标;目的→object n.物体;目标 v.反对
15.equip v.使有知识和技能,使能够胜任→equipment n.设备,装备
知识点3 必记一词多义
1.occupy vt. (occupied, occupied, occupying) ①占用 ②占去时间 ③使忙于(做某事) ④任职
1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
2)be occupied in doing sth.忙于做某事
be occupied with (doing) sth.忙于(做)某事
keep sb./oneself occupied使某人/自己忙碌
①I would have accompanied you, but I was occupied in preparing for the final exam.我本想陪你,但我正忙着准备期末考试。(道歉信)
②The twins soon found themselves occupied (occupy) in cleaning up the kitchen while their father was occupying himself with the breakfast.双胞胎很快忙着打扫厨房,他们的父亲则忙着做早餐。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
2.access n. ①接触的机会 ②通道 vt. ③到达;进入;使用;获取 ④存取;访问
1)have/get/gain (no) access to ...有(没有)……的机会;可以(无法)获取/进入/接近……
access to ...去……的通道/入口
2)sth. be accessible to sb.某人可接近/可靠近/可使用某物
①Our school stadium is accessible to us students, and we can get easy access to it when taking exercise.我校体育馆对我们学生来说很方便,我们锻炼时能使用。(告知信)
②The river led us to the access to Uncle Peter’s farm.我们沿着河来到彼得叔叔的农场。(浙江高考续写)
3.rely vi. (relied, relied, relying) (为生活或生存而)依赖;依靠;信赖 depend
1)rely on sb./sth. for sth.依靠某人/某物得到某物
rely on sb. to do sth.指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on it that ...相信……;指望……
2)depend on/count on依靠;依赖
①You can rely on it that my introduction and efforts can deepen visitors’understanding of traditional Chinese culture.你可以相信我的介绍和努力会加深参观者对中国传统文化的了解。(自荐信)
②Bernard made up his mind to follow their examples to be a reliable person whom others can rely on for help.伯纳德决心以他们为榜样,成为一个别人可以依靠的人。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
4.equip v. (equipped, equipped, equipping) ①使有知识和技能;使能够胜任 ②装备;配备
1)equip sb./sth. with sth.使某人/某物配备/具备……
equip sb./oneself for sth.使某人/自己为……做好准备
equip sb. to do sth.使某人能做某事
2)be fully/well/badly equipped装备齐全/好/简陋
be equipped with sth.安装/配备/具备某物
be equipped for为……做好准备
①The lecture is aimed at equipping you with the ways to read those body languages’giveaways.该讲座旨在教给你一些方法去解读肢体语言所泄露的信息。(通知)
②Equipped (equip) with the appropriate skills for the job and a good command of English, I am suitable for the job.我具备该工作所需的技能和良好的英语水平,我适合这份工作。(申请信)
③Get involved in more after-school activities and communicate more with others, which will not only equip you for social life but also let you make more friends.多参加课外活动并且和同学们多交流,这不仅能让你更好地适应社会生活,而且能让你交更多朋友。(建议信)
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 安全 /sɪˈkjʊərəti/
2. 激励 /ˈməʊtɪveɪt/
3. 占用 /ˈɒkjupaɪ/
4. 使分心 /dɪˈstrækt/
5. 持续的 /ˈkɒnstənt/
6. 可使用的 /əkˈsesəbl/
7. 依靠 /rɪˈlaɪ/
8. 恰当的 /əˈprəʊpriət/
9. 澄清 /ˈklærɪfaɪ/
10. 促进 /prəˈməʊt/
11. 投资 /ɪnˈvest/
12. 客观的 /əbˈdʒektɪv/
答案
1.security 2.motivate 3.occupy 4.distract 5.constant 6.accessible 7.rely 8.appropriate 9.clarify 10.promote 11.invest 12.objective
二、英译汉检测
1.secure /sɪˈkjʊə(r)/
2.motivation /ˌməʊtɪˈveɪʃn/
3.occupation /ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn/
4.distraction /dɪˈstrækʃn/
5.access /ˈækses/
6.reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/
7.inappropriate /ˌɪnəˈprəʊpriət/
8.clarification /ˌklærɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/
9.necessity /nəˈsesəti/
10.investment /ɪnˈvestmənt/
11.equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/
12.considerate /kənˈsɪdərət/
答案
1.adj. 安全的 v. 获得 2.n. 动力,激励 3.n. 职业;占用 4.n. 分心的事物 5.n. 通道 v. 使用
6.adj. 可靠的 7.adj. 不恰当的 8.n. 澄清,说明 9.n. 必需品 10.n. 投资 11.n. 设备(不可数)
12.adj. 体贴的
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Good teachers can ________ (motivate) students to study hard.
2. He ________ (occupy) himself with reading every day.
3. Noise is a big ________ (distract) when we study.
4. The library is easily ________ (access) for all students.
5. We can’t ________ (rely) on others to solve our problems.
6. It’s ________ (appropriate) to wear jeans at formal meetings.
7. Can you ________ (clarify) this confusing rule for me?
8. The activity aims at ________ (promote) friendship between classes.
9. His ________ (invest) in the project brought him profit.
10. We need enough sports ________ (equip) for PE class.
解析
1. motivate:情态动词 can 后用动词原形。
2. occupies:every day 一般现在时,主语 he 三单;occupy oneself with 忙于。
3. distraction:不定冠词 a 后接名词。
4. accessible:系动词后形容词,be accessible to 容易使用。
5. rely:can’t 后接动词原形,rely on 依靠。
6. inappropriate:根据句意正式场合穿牛仔裤不合适,用否定形容词。
7. clarify:情态动词 can 后用动词原形。
8. promoting:介词 at 后接动名词。
9. investment:形容词性物主代词后用名词。
10. equipment:不可数名词,无复数。
UNIT 3 Times change!
基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
1.fixture n.固定存在物
2.brick n.砖,砖块
3.shelf n.搁板,架子
4.exterior n.外观,外部
5.stationery n.文具
6.saleswoman n.女销售员
7.decade n.十年,十年期
8.reform n.改革;改进
9.initiative n.倡议
10.alongside prep. (与……)一起
11.pave v.铺(路、地面等)
12.gesture n.手势;姿势 表示 v.做手势
13.emoji n.表情符号
14.pictograph n.象形图
15.pictorial adj.图画的
16.comic n.连环漫画
17.textspeak n.短信简写语
18.tablet n.平板电脑
19.organic adj.有机的,绿色的
20.costume n.化装服
21.cafeteria n.自助餐厅
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.legendary adj.大名鼎鼎的,传奇式的→legend n.传奇;传奇人物
2.elderly adj.年老的→elder n.长者;长辈 adj.年纪较长的
3.sympathy n.同情→sympathetic adj.同情的,怜悯的→sympathetically adv.同情地;怜悯地
4.dusty adj.布满灰尘的→dust n.灰尘
5.furniture n.家具→furnish v.布置家具 提供→furnished adj.配备家具的
6.mist n.薄雾,雾霭→misty adj.有雾的
7.leadership n.领导,领导地位→leader n.领导者→lead vt. & vi.带路;引领;通向;通往 vi.导致;造成 vt.过(某种生活)→leading adj.最重要的;领先的;最前的
8.recital n.朗诵会→recite v.背诵;朗诵
9.humble adj.简陋的;谦虚的 vt.贬低;使感到卑微→humbly adv.谦逊地
10.compete v.竞争→competition n.竞争→competitor n.竞争者,竞争对手→competitive adj.有竞争性的
11.emphasise v.强调→emphasis n.强调;重要性
12.reconstruction n.重建,修复→construction n.建设→construct v.建设→constructive adj.建设性的,积极的
13.journalist n.新闻工作者;新闻记者→journal n.报纸,刊物;日志
14.socialist adj.社会主义的→social adj.社会的;社交的→society n.社会;社团
15.solid adj.坚实的 可靠的;可依赖的 n.固体→solidity n.固态;可靠性→solidify v. (使)凝固,巩固
16.economic adj.经济(上)的;经济学的;合算的→economy n.经济;节约→economical adj.经济的;实惠的;节俭的;节约的→economically adv.在经济上;节俭地;节约地→economise/-ize vi.节省;节约;节俭→economist n.经济学家
17.occupation n.工作,职业→occupy v.占用,占去(时间)→occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的
18.integral adj.不可缺少的→integrally adv.完整地;整体地→integrality n.完整性
19.category n.类别→categorize vt.将……分类;把……加以归类
20.expand v.增加,(使)扩大→expansion n.扩张;扩大
21.emotional adj.情绪(上)的,情感(上)的→emotion n.感情;情绪
22.facial adj.面部的;脸上的→face n.脸
23.intention n.意图;打算;目的→intend v.意图,打算→intentional adj.故意的,蓄意的→intentionally adv.故意地,蓄意地→ unintentionally adv.无意地
24.adaptation n.改编版→adapt v.适应;改编→adaptable adj.能适应的
25.accessible adj.易懂的;易进入的;易得到的;易使用的→access n.接触的机会;通道 vt.进入;使用;获取
26.tendency n.倾向,趋势→tend vi.倾向;趋向
27.facilitate vt.促进,使便利→facilitation n.促进
28.educator n.教育工作者,教育学家→educate v.教育→education n.教育→educational adj.教育的;有教育意义的
29.secondary adj.次要的,第二位的→second num.第二;其次
30.urgently adv.紧急地;急迫地→urgent adj.紧急的;迫切的→urgency n.紧急
31.convincing adj.有说服力的,使人信服的→convince v.使信服,使确信→convinced adj.确信的,信服的
知识点3 必记一词多义
1.sympathy n. ①同情 ②赞同
1)have/feel (no) sympathy for sb. (不)同情某人
express/offer sympathy表达/表示同情
get sympathy from sb.得到某人的同情
in sympathy with ...赞同/支持
in/with sympathy同情地
2)be/feel sympathetic to/towards ...同情……
①I’m writing to express my sympathy for your falling ill during your stay in Beijing.你在北京逗留期间生病,我写信深表同情。(劝慰信)
②Seeing him lying helplessly in bed, I felt a sense of sympathy and mercy welling up in my heart.看到他无助地躺在床上,我深感同情和怜悯。(续写场景+情感描写)
③He nodded his head sympathetically.他同情地点点头。
2.compete vi. ①竞争;对抗 ②参加比赛
1)compete in ...参加……(比赛/竞争)
compete for ...为……而竞争
compete with/against sb.与某人竞争
2)in competition with ...与……进行竞争
①We will compete with other volleyball teams for the championship.我们将与其他排球队争夺冠军。(告知信)
②Life is like a long competitive (compete) race in which we compete against others to go beyond ourselves.人生就像一场漫长的竞赛,我们与别人竞争,以超越自己。(续写主旨升华)
3.convincing adj. 有说服力的;使人信服的
1)convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事
convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事
convince sb. that ...使某人相信……
2)be convinced of sth./that ...确信(某事)……
make sb. convinced of sth.使某人相信某事
①I am convinced that all my efforts are bound to pay off.我深信,我所有的努力都一定会得到回报。(短文)
②Her determination and teamwork skills convinced us of her ability to do the job well.她的决心和协作技巧令我们相信她能做好这份工作。
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 传奇的 /ˈledʒəndri/
2. 年老的 /ˈeldəli/
3. 同情 /ˈsɪmpəθi/
4. 布满灰尘的 /ˈdʌsti/
5. 布置家具 /ˈfɜːnɪʃ/
6. 薄雾 /mɪst/
7. 领导 /liːd/
8. 背诵 /rɪˈsaɪt/
9. 谦虚的 /ˈhʌmbl/
10. 竞争 /kəmˈpiːt/
11. 强调 /ˈemfəsaɪz/
12. 重建 /ˌriːkənˈstrʌkt/
答案
1.legendary 2.elderly 3.sympathy 4.dusty 5.furnish 6.mist 7.lead 8.recite 9.humble 10.compete 11.emphasise 12.reconstruct
二、英译汉检测
1.legend /ˈledʒənd/
2.sympathetic /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/
3.furniture /ˈfɜːnɪtʃə(r)/
4.misty /ˈmɪsti/
5.leadership /ˈliːdəʃɪp/
6.recital /rɪˈsaɪtl/
7.competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/
8.emphasis /ˈemfəsɪs/
9.construction /kənˈstrʌkʃn/
10.intention /ɪnˈtenʃn/
11.adapt /əˈdæpt/
12.tendency /ˈtendənsi/
答案
1.n. 传奇 2.adj. 同情的 3.n. 家具(不可数) 4.adj. 有雾的 5.n. 领导能力 6.n. 朗诵会 7.n. 比赛,竞争 8.n. 重点,强调 9.n. 建设 10.n. 意图 11.v. 适应;改编 12.n. 趋势
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The old man is a ________ (legend) folk artist.
2. I felt deep ________ (sympathy) for the homeless kids.
3. The room is empty and not ________ (furnish).
4. The early morning was covered with thin ________ (mist).
5. He ________ (lead) our team to win the match last term.
6. She can ________ (recite) all ancient poems in the book.
7. They will ________ (compete) for the first prize.
8. The teacher ________ (emphasise) the importance of reading.
9. His ________ (intend) is to protect traditional culture.
10. Young people have a ________ (tend) to love online shopping.
解析
1. legendary:修饰名词 artist,形容词作定语。
2. sympathy:deep 修饰不可数名词。
3. furnished:be furnished 配备家具,被动形容词。
4. mist:thin 修饰名词,薄雾,不可数。
5. led:last term 过去时,lead 过去式 led。
6. recite:can 后动词原形。
7. compete:will 后动词原形,compete for 争夺。
8. emphasises:一般现在时主语 the teacher 三单。
9. intention:his 后接名词,意图。
10. tendency:a 后接名词,趋势。
UNIT 4 Breaking boundaries
基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
1.vital adj.极其重要的,必不可少的
2.twin adj.双胞胎的
3.clinic n.诊所;门诊部
4.ward n.病房
5.van n.小型货车
6.vomit n.呕吐物
7.tackle vt. 处理,对付(难题)
8.combat v.防止,抑制
9.perish v.死亡
10.statistic n. (一项)统计数据
11.altogether adv.完全,全部
12.joint adj.联合的,共同的
13.boundary n.边界;分界线
14.battlefield n.战场
15.liberty n.自由
16.union n.联邦
17.mount v.走上,登上
18.conceive v.构想,设想
19.consecrate v.宣布……为神圣之处
20.detract v.减低,破坏,损害
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.assist v.协助,帮助→assistance n.帮助;援助→assistant n.助理;助手
2.tragic adj.悲惨的,不幸的→tragically adv.悲剧地;悲惨地→tragedy n.悲剧;悲惨的事
3.relieve vt.给(某人)换班;减轻,缓和→relief n.宽慰;换班者→relieved adj.宽慰的;欣慰的
4.specialist n.专家→special adj.特别的;专用的→specialize/-ise v.专门研究;专攻
5.infectious adj.传染性的→infect v.传染,感染→infection n.传染,感染→infected adj.被感染的→disinfect v.为……消毒,给……杀菌
6.devotion n.奉献→devote v.将……用于……上;尽心竭力于→devoted adj.忠诚的;挚爱的
7.miracle n.奇迹;意外的幸运事→miraculous adj.奇迹的;不可思议的
8.compensate v.补偿,弥补→compensation n.补偿;赔偿
9.collaborate v.合作,协作→collaboration n.合作;协作→collaborative adj.合作的;协作的
10.minority n.少数派;少数→minor adj.次要的;较小的→ majority n.大部分;大多数→major adj.主要的;大的
11.realistic adj. (目标、希望)能够实现的→realistically adv.切合实际地→realist n.现实主义者;务实的人→reality n.现实;事实
12.inclusive adj.包容广阔的→include v.包括;包含→inclusion n.包括;包含→including prep.包括……在内
13.harmonious adj.和睦的,融洽的→harmony n.和谐
14.mutual adj.共有的,共同的→mutually adv.相互地;彼此
15.rewarding adj.值得做的,有意义的→reward n. & v.报酬;回报
16.civil adj.公民的,国民的→civilian adj.平民的,百姓的 n.平民,老百姓
17.slave n.奴隶→slavery n.奴隶制
18.division n.分歧;分裂→divide v.分开→divided adj.分裂的;有分歧的
19.dedicate v.致力于,献身于→dedication n.献身;奉献→dedicated adj.献身的;专心致志的
20.endure v.持续存在→endurance n.忍耐力;耐久力→enduring adj.持久的;耐久的
21.hallow v.使成为神圣→hallowed adj.神圣的;受崇敬的
22.nobly adv.高尚地,崇高地→noble adj.崇高的;高贵的
23.influential adj.有影响力的→influence v.& n.影响
24.communist adj.共产主义的→communism n.共产主义
知识点3 必记一词多义
1.vital adj. ①必不可少的;极其重要的 ②充满生机的
1)be vital to/for ...对……至关重要
It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要。
2)be of vital importance/significance至关重要
①It is of vital importance that we learn something from failure.我们从失败中吸取教训是至关重要的。(续写主旨升华)
②If we are to make a difference in life, it’s vital to begin with small things.如果我们想要在生活中做出改变,从小事开始至关重要。(续写主旨升华)
2.cast v. (cast, cast, casting) ①选派(角色);扔;投;掷 n. ②演员阵容;全体演员;投;掷
cast down使失望;使沮丧
cast aside抛弃;丢弃
cast away漂流到,流落在(常用被动)
cast ... over/on/across ...在……上投射……
cast a shadow over sth.给某物蒙上阴影
①The experience cast a shadow over my whole life.这个经历给我的一生蒙上了阴影。
②The moon cast a bright light over the yard.月亮在院子里洒下明亮的光。(续写环境描写)
3.influential adj. 有影响力的;有支配力的
1)be influential in对……有影响
2)have a good/positive/powerful/lasting influence on/upon对……有好的/积极的/强大的/持久的影响
under the influence of在……影响下
3)influence sb. to do sth.影响某人做某事
be influenced by ...被……影响
①Yuan Longping is one of the most influential (influence) scientists in agriculture, under whose influence I decide to major in science.袁隆平是最有影响力的农业科学家之一,在他的影响下我决定主修理科。(写人短文)
②My physics teacher is my role model, who has influenced me to take up a position as a teacher.我的物理老师是我的榜样,他影响了我去做一名教师。(写人短文)
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 极其重要的 /ˈvaɪtl/
2. 处理 /ˈtækl/
3. 协助 /əˈsɪst/
4. 悲剧 /ˈtrædʒədi/
5. 减轻 /rɪˈliːv/
6. 专家 /ˈspeʃəlɪst/
7. 传染 /ɪnˈfekt/
8. 奉献 /dɪˈvəʊt/
9. 补偿 /ˈkɒmpenseɪt/
10. 合作 /kəʊˈlæbəreɪt/
11. 现实的 /riəˈlɪstɪk/
12. 和谐 /ˈhɑːməni/
答案
1.vital 2.tackle 3.assist 4.tragedy 5.relieve 6.specialist 7.infect 8.devote 9.compensate 10.collaborate
11.realistic 12.harmony
二、英译汉检测
1.tragic /ˈtrædʒɪk/
2.relief /rɪˈliːf/
3.infection /ɪnˈfekʃn/
4.devotion /dɪˈvəʊʃn/
5.compensation /ˌkɒmpenˈseɪʃn/
6.collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃn/
7.reality /riˈæləti/
8.harmonious /hɑːˈməʊniəs/
9.mutual /ˈmjuːtʃuəl/
10.rewarding /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/
11.minority /maɪˈnɒrəti/
12.inclusive /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/
答案
1.adj. 悲惨的 2.n. 宽慰;缓解 3.n. 感染 4.n. 奉献 5.n. 补偿 6.n. 合作 7.n. 现实 8.adj. 和谐的
9.adj. 相互的 10.adj. 有意义的 11.n. 少数 12.adj. 包容的
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. It is ________ (vital) to learn basic first aid.
2. We need to ________ (tackle) environmental problems together.
3. Volunteers ________ (assist) doctors in the clinic every day.
4. The film tells a ________ (tragic) story of two families.
5. The medicine can ________ (relieve) your pain quickly.
6. She is a ________ (special) in animal protection.
7. Dirty water can ________ (infect) people easily.
8. He ________ (devote) all his life to medical work.
9. The factory must ________ (compensate) for the pollution damage.
10. We need ________ (harmony) relations between classmates.
解析
1. vital:固定句型 It is vital to do sth.
2. tackle:need to do 不定式结构。
3. assist:every day 一般现在时,主语复数用原形。
4. tragic:形容词修饰名词 story。
5. relieve:情态动词 can 后动词原形。
6. specialist:指人专家,special 变形。
7. infect:can 后动词原形。
8. devoted:描述一生的付出,过去式。
9. compensate:must 后动词原形。
10. harmonious:形容词修饰 relations。
UNIT 5 A delicate world
基础梳理・自主精练——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
1.appetite n.胃口,食欲
2.incident n.事件
3.collapse v.倒坍;塌下
4.heritage n.遗产;传统
5.session n.一段时间
6.status n.地位,身份
7.halfway adj.中间的,半途的
8.postscript n.附言
9.altitude n.海拔(高度)
10.vegetation n.植物,草木(总称)
11.floral adj.花的
12.herbal adj.用香(药)草制成的
13.dissolve v. (使)溶解
14.rat n.大老鼠
15.penguin n.企鹅
16.beehive n.蜂房,蜂箱
17.pest n.有害小动物;害虫
18.virus n.病毒
19.elsewhere adv.在别处,到别处
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.dramatically adv.显著地,戏剧性地→dramatic adj.戏剧性的→drama n.戏剧
2.inhabitant n.栖居的动物;居民→inhabit v.居住在,栖息于→habitable adj.适合居住的
3.subsequently adv.后来,随后→subsequent adj.后来的,随后的
4.multiply v. (使)大大增加,(使)倍增;乘;(使)繁殖→multiple adj.数量多的;多种多样的 n.倍数
5.erosion n.侵蚀→erode v.侵蚀
6.conservation n.保护→conserve vt.保护,保存,节省
7.trap n.夹子;陷阱 vt.使陷入困境;设陷阱捕捉 卡住;吸收→trapped/trapped (过去式/过去分词)
8.departure n.离开→depart v.离开;起程
9.explode v.突然增加,急剧增长;爆炸;勃然(大怒)→explosion n.爆炸→explosive adj.突增的;爆炸性的;易爆炸的
10.intervention n.干预,介入→intervene v.介入;干扰
11.ecology n.生态;生态学→ecological adj.生态的,生态学的→ecologist n.生态学家
12.nutrient n.养分,营养物→nutritious adj.有营养的;营养丰富的→nutrition n.营养;滋养
13.comparison n.比较→compare v.比较,对比;将……比作
14.visual adj.视觉的→visually adv.视觉上→visualize/-ise v.使形象化;想象;使看得见
15.mysterious adj.神秘的→mystery n.神秘的事情
16.criterion n.标准,准则→criteria (pl.)标准,准则
17.prosper v.兴旺,发达→prosperous adj.繁荣的;兴旺的→prosperity n.兴旺;繁荣
18.rare adj.稀有的,罕见的→rarely adv.罕有;很少
19.biological adj.生物的,与生物有关的→biology n.生物,生物学→biologist n.生物学家
20.substantial adj.大量的,多的→substantially adv.大幅地;基本上
21.apparently adv.据说;看来;似乎→apparent adj.显而易见;显然
22.vast adj.巨大的,广大的→vastness n.广大;辽阔
23.variation n.差异;变化→variety n.不同种类;变化;品种→various adj.各种各样的→vary v.变化;不同
24.thrive v.茁壮成长→thriving adj.兴旺的
25.endangered adj.濒临灭绝的→endanger v.危害;使遭受危险→danger n.危险;危害→dangerous adj.有危险的
26.invasion n.涌入→invade v.侵略;涌入→invader n.侵略者
27.coexist v.共存;共处→exist v.存在;生存→existence n.存在→existing adj.现存的;现行的→existent adj.存在的;实有的
28.secure adj.安全的,稳固的 vt.获得;取得→ insecure adj.不安全的;无保障的→security n.安全;保护措施;保证→securely adv.安全地;牢靠地
29.owe v.应该做;对……负有……的义务→owing adj.应付的;欠着的
30.immunity n.免疫力→immune adj.有免疫力
知识点3 必记一词多义
1.decrease vt.& vi. ①减少;使减小 n. ②减少;降低 ③减少量
1)decrease by减少了
decrease (from ...) to (从……)减少到
decrease in在某方面下降
2)on the decrease在下降;在减少
a decrease in sth.某方面的减少/下降
①With the traffic improving, the number of accidents is on the decrease.随着交通状况的改善,交通事故的数量在减少。
②The number of new students has decreased from 2,000 to 1,600 in recent two years.近两年新生人数从2 000减少到1 600。
2.trap vt. (trapped, trapped, trapping) n. ①夹子;陷阱 ②使陷入困境 ③设陷阱捕捉 卡住;吸收
1)trap sb. into (doing) sth.使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套;使某人中计
be/get trapped in ...被困在……中
2)fall into the trap of doing sth.落入做某事的圈套
①I’m often trapped in some new words when reading English.我读英语时,经常被一些不认识的单词难住。(求助信)
②Whatever you do, don’t fall into the trap of thinking that you’re always right.不管你做什么事情,千万不要落入思维误区,认为你总是对的。
3.owe vt. ①应该做;对……负有……的义务 ②欠(账、债、情等) ③归因于;归功于
1)owe sb.sth.=owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物
owe ... to ...把……归功于……
owe an apology to sb./owe sb. an apology应向某人道歉
owe it to sb. that ...多亏某人……
2)owing to因为;由于
①I owe an apology to you for failing to go outing with you this Sunday.本周日我不能和你去郊游,我得向你道歉。(道歉信)
②Bernard owed it to the kind family that he could earn some money to help support his poor family.伯纳德将自己能挣些钱来帮助他的贫困家庭归功于这好心的一家人。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 食欲 /ˈæpətaɪt/
2. 坍塌 /kəˈlæps/
3. 遗产 /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/
4. 溶解 /dɪˈzɒlv/
5. 繁殖 /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/
6. 侵蚀 /ɪˈrəʊd/
7. 保护 /kənˈsɜːv/
8. 困住 /træp/
9. 爆炸 /ɪkˈspləʊd/
10. 干预 /ˌɪntəˈviːn/
11. 稀少 /reə(r)/
12. 濒临灭绝 /ɪnˈdeɪndʒə(r)/
答案
1.appetite 2.collapse 3.heritage 4.dissolve 5.multiply 6.erode 7.conserve 8.trap 9.explode 10.intervene
11.rare 12.endanger
二、英译汉检测
1.incident /ˈɪnsɪdənt/
2.departure /dɪˈpɑːtʃə(r)/
3.explosion /ɪkˈspləʊʒn/
4.ecology /iˈkɒlədʒi/
5.nutritious /njuːˈtrɪʃəs/
6.comparison /kəmˈpærɪsn/
7.mysterious /mɪˈstɪəriəs/
8.prosperous /ˈprɒspərəs/
9.variation /ˌveəriˈeɪʃn/
10.thrive /θraɪv/
11.rarely /ˈreəli/
12.endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/
答案
1.n. 事件 2.n. 离开 3.n. 爆炸 4.n. 生态学 5.adj. 有营养的 6.n. 比较 7.adj. 神秘的 8.adj. 繁荣的
9.n. 变化 10.v. 茁壮成长 11.adv. 很少 12.adj. 濒危的
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Fresh fruit can improve people’s ________ (appetite).
2. The old wall ________ (collapse) in the heavy rain.
3. We should protect our cultural ________ (heritage).
4. Salt can ________ (dissolve) in warm water.
5. Insects ________ (multiply) fast in warm weather.
6. Rain will slowly ________ (erode) the soil on hills.
7. Everyone has a duty ________ (conserve) wild animals.
8. Many animals get ________ (trap) in plastic rubbish.
9. The volcano ________ (explode) hundreds of years ago.
10. Pandas are ________ (danger) animals in the wild.
解析
1. appetite:不可数名词,作宾语。
2. collapsed:大雨发生在过去,过去式。
3. heritage:文化遗产,不可数名词。
4. dissolve:can 后动词原形。
5. multiply:一般现在时,主语复数。
6. erode:will 后动词原形。
7. to conserve:固定搭配 have a duty to do 有责任做。
8. trapped:be trapped 被困,过去分词作表语。
9. exploded:hundreds of years ago 过去时。
10. endangered:形容词修饰动物,濒危的。
UNIT 6 Survival
基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记
知识点1 教材词汇识记
1.firefighter n.消防队员
2.fuel n.燃料 v.给……提供燃料;刺激
3.wipe v.擦,拭,揩
4.newcomer n.新来者
5.fox n.狐狸
6.racoon n.浣熊
7.trunk n.树干
8.cave n.岩洞;山洞,洞穴
9.seaside adj.海滨的
10.garlic n. (大)蒜
11.lamb n.羔羊肉
12.flourish v.生长茂盛,兴盛
13.supplement v.补充,增补,增加
14.garbage n.垃圾
15.hostile adj. (生长环境)恶劣的
16.nuclear adj.核武器的
17.agency n.机构;局,部,处
知识点2 热点词形转换
1.crime n.罪,罪行→criminal n.罪犯 adj.犯罪的
2.greedy adj.贪婪的,贪心的→greedily adv.贪婪地;贪心地→greed n.贪婪;贪心
3.commit v.犯(错误或罪行);承诺;投入→commitment n.承诺;奉献→committed adj.坚信的;尽心尽力的
4.container n.容器→contain v.包含;容纳;控制;抑制
5.estimate v.估计,估算→estimation n.估计,估算
6.migratory adj.迁徙的→migrate v.迁徙;移居→migration n.迁移;迁徙
7.appreciate v.欣赏,赏识,鉴赏 领会;意识到→appreciation n.欣赏,感激→appreciative adj.感激的;赏识的
8.crucial adj.至关重要的,关键性的→crucially adv.至关重要地,关键性地
9.urban adj.城镇的,城市的→suburban adj.郊区的;城外的
10.restrict v.限制,控制→restriction n.限制,控制→restricted adj.有限的;受约束的
11.hiker n.徒步旅行者,远足者→hike v.远足 n.远足
12.optimistic adj.乐观的;乐观主义的→optimism n.乐观,乐观主义→optimist n.乐观的人
13.consumption n. (精力、油、电等的)消耗量→consume v.消耗,消费;吃;烧毁;使充满(强烈的感情)→consumer n.消费者;顾客
14.eliminate v.消除,根除→elimination n.消除;排除
15.fierce adj.恶劣的;极端的→fiercely adv.猛烈地
16.react v. (作出)反应→reaction n.反应→reactive adj.反应的;能起化学反应的
17.monthly adj.每月一次的→month n.月
18.advanced adj.高级的;先进的 晚期的→advance v. & n.前进;发展→advancement n.发展,前进
19.terrifying adj.极其可怕的,骇人听闻的→terrify v.使恐惧;使惊吓→terrified adj.害怕的;恐惧的
20.unmanned adj.无人驾驶(操纵)的→ manned adj.载人的;有人控制的
21.stunning adj.极具吸引力的;令人惊奇的→stun v.使昏迷;使震惊→stunned adj.惊呆的
22.infer v.推定,推断→inferred/inferred (过去式/过去分词)→inference n.推断
23.expose v.使暴露(于险境);揭露,使接触→exposure n.暴露;揭露;面临→exposed adj.无遮蔽的
24.astronaut n.宇航员,太空人→astronomy n.天文学→astronomer n.天文学家
25.dust n.尘土;沙土→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
26.indoors adv.在室内→indoor adj.室内的
27.thief n.小偷,贼→thieves (pl.)→theft n.偷;偷窃
知识点3 必记一词多义
1.estimate vt. ①估计 ②估价;估算 n. ③估计;估算
estimate sth. at sth.估算;估计
be estimated to be/have估计是/有
estimate that估计……
It is estimated that ...据估计……
①Windy though it was that day, we arrived at the castle which was estimated to be 700 years old.尽管那天风很大,但是我们还是到达了这座估计有700年历史的城堡。(短文)
②It is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.据估计,英语中80%的谈话都是闲谈。(短文)
2.appreciate vt. ①欣赏;赏识;鉴赏 ②感激 领会;意识到 vi. 增值
1)appreciate+n./pron./v.-ing重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if ...假如……,我将不胜感激。
appreciate the importance/significance/value of ...意识到……的重要性/意义/价值
appreciate+that/wh-从句 理解/意识到……
2)convey/express one’s appreciation表达感激
①I would appreciate it if you could share with me some details about the activity.如果你能告知我活动相关细节,我将不胜感激。(询问信)
②This little bird slowly landed on my right shoulder and gave me a gentle kiss as if appreciating saving (save) her life.小鸟慢慢落在我的右肩上,轻轻地吻了我一下,好像在感激我救了她的命。(2023·浙江高考1月续写)
③Though I didn’t win, I gained something far more valuable—a new-found appreciation (appreciate) of the true meaning of being a champion.虽然我没赢,但我得到了更有价值的东西——对作为冠军的真正意义有了新的认识。(续写主旨升华)
3.expose vt. ①使暴露于(险境) ②使接触;使体验 ③显露 ④揭露
1)expose ... to ...使……接触;使……暴露于……
expose oneself to ...使自己面临……;使自己暴露于……
expose sth. to sb.向某人揭发某事
2)(be) exposed to ...暴露于/接触……
①Having been exposed to Chinese paintings since my childhood, I can get visitors to know more about them.我从小接触国画,能让游客更加了解国画。(申请信)
②Seeing us approaching, she smiled joyfully, exposing nice little teeth.看到我们走近,她笑逐颜开,露出了漂亮的小白牙。(续写神态描写)
重难突破・考向精练——自主检测
一、汉译英检测
1. 燃料 /ˈfjuːəl/
2. 擦 /waɪp/
3. 贪婪的 /ˈɡriːdi/
4. 犯罪 /kraɪm/
5. 包含 /kənˈteɪn/
6. 估计 /ˈestɪmeɪt/
7. 迁徙 /maɪˈɡreɪt/
8. 欣赏 /əˈpriːʃieɪt/
9. 关键的 /ˈkruːʃl/
10. 限制 /rɪˈstrɪkt/
11. 乐观的 /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/
12. 暴露 /ɪkˈspəʊz/
答案
1.fuel 2.wipe 3.greedy 4.crime 5.contain 6.estimate 7.migrate 8.appreciate 9.crucial 10.restrict
11.optimistic 12.expose
二、英译汉检测
1.criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnl/
2.commit /kəˈmɪt/
3.container /kənˈteɪnə(r)/
4.migration /maɪˈɡreɪʃn/
5.appreciation /əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn/
6.optimism /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/
7.consume /kənˈsjuːm/
8.eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/
9.fierce /fɪəs/
10.reaction /riˈækʃn/
11.exposure /ɪkˈspəʊʒə(r)/
12.terrified /ˈterɪfaɪd/
答案
1.n. 罪犯 adj. 犯罪的 2.v. 犯;投入 3.n. 容器 4.n. 迁徙 5.n. 欣赏;感激 6.n. 乐观 7.v. 消耗 8.v. 消除 9.adj. 猛烈的 10.n. 反应 11.n. 暴露 12.adj. 恐惧的
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Coal is a kind of natural ________ (fuel).
2. She ________ (wipe) the dirt off the window just now.
3. Being ________ (greed) will bring you trouble.
4. Stealing is a serious ________ (crime).
5. This bottle ________ (contain) clean drinking water.
6. Scientists ________ (estimate) the number of wild birds now.
7. Many birds ________ (migrate) south every winter.
8. I would really ________ (appreciate) your help.
9. It is ________ (crucially) to save drinking water.
10. Don’t ________ (expose) your skin to strong sunlight.
解析
1. fuel:不可数名词,天然燃料。
2. wiped:just now 刚刚,一般过去时。
3. greedy:系动词后形容词作表语。
4. crime:a 后接单数名词,罪行。
5. contains:主语 bottle 单数,一般现在时三单。
6. are estimating:now 现在进行时。
7. migrate:every winter 经常性动作,原形。
8. appreciate:would 后动词原形。
9. crucial:It is + adj. 句型,形容词。
10. expose:don’t 后接动词原形,expose to 暴露于。
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