专题01 外研版必修一词汇（知识清单）（天津专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统整理了外研版必修一词汇，涵盖“A new start”至“At one with nature”六个单元，通过“基础梳理+重难突破”构建词汇核心脉络，包含教材词汇识记、热点词形转换及必记熟词生义三大知识范畴。 清单采用分层突破设计，如词形转换模块标注高频考点并附语境例句，培养学生语言能力；熟词生义部分结合高考真题场景解析多义用法，提升思维品质。配套知识脑图搭建体系，考向精练分题型检测，辅助学生自主夯实基础，教师可据此精准定位复习重点，提高备考效率。

清单01 外研版必修一词汇 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 UNIT 1　A new start 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 UNIT 2　Exploring English 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 UNIT 3　Family matters 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 UNIT 4　Friends forever 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 UNIT 5　Into the wild 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 UNIT 6　At one with nature 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 UNIT 1　A new start 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 　　　　　 1.gain vt.获得;赢得　n.好处;增加 2.figure v.认为,以为　n.数字;人物 3.forward adv.向前　 vt.促进;增进 4.former adj.从前的 5.facility n.设施　场所 　　　　　 6.engine n.发动机,引擎 7.band n.乐队;乐团 8.poster n.海报 9.journal n.日记;日志 10.author n.作者,作家 　　　　　　　 11.committee n.委员会 12.insect n.昆虫 13.dolphin n.海豚 14.dinosaur n.恐龙 15.badminton n.羽毛球 知识点2 热点词形转换 1.curious adj.好奇的;求知欲强的;奇特;稀奇古怪→curiously adv.好奇地;奇怪地→curiosity n.好奇心;求知欲;珍品;奇物 2.impression n.印象,感想　压痕→impress vt.使钦佩;给……留下深刻印象;使意识到(重要性或严重性等)　vi.留下印象;引人注目→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的;令人敬佩的→impressively adv.令人敬佩地;给人印象深刻地 3.tradition n.传统→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统上 4.eagerness n.热切,渴望→eager adj.热切的,渴望的→eagerly adv.热切地,渴望地 5.explore v.考察,探险;探究→explorer n.探索者;勘探者→exploration n.探索;勘探;探究 6.collection n. (一批)收藏品;作品集,收集物→collect v.收集;收藏;聚集;积累;募捐;领取,接某人→collector n.收集者;收藏家→collective adj.集体的;共有的;总体的 7.organise vt.组织;筹备;安排;组建　vi.组建;成立→organiser n.组织者→organisation n.组织;团体;机构→organisational adj.组织方面的(能力、方法等)→organised adj.有条理的;有组织的→ disorganised adj.杂乱无章的 8.breathe vi. & vt.呼吸　vt.呼出;低声说→breath n.呼吸　微量;迹象→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的,喘不上气来的→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地 9.panic n.惊恐;惊慌vi. & vt. (使)惊慌→panicked/panicked/panicking(过去式/过去分词/现在分词)→panicky adj.焦虑不安的;惊慌的 10.challenge n.挑战;艰巨任务;(比赛等的)邀请;质询;质疑　vt.怀疑;向……挑战;考查……的能力;盘问;查问→challenger n.挑战者→challenging adj.有挑战性的;挑衅的→challenged adj.受到挑战的;有残疾的→unchallenged adj.不被怀疑的;没有异议的→unchallengeable adj.不容置疑的 11.pressure n.压力　vt.逼迫→press　vt.压,按,挤,推;将……塞进;催促;敦促　n.报刊;印刷媒体;新闻界→pressed adj.紧缺的;压平的→pressing adj.紧急的;急迫的 12.calm adj.镇静的,沉着的;平静的　vt.使平静;使镇静→calmly adv.镇静地,沉着地→calmness n.镇静 13.description n.描述,描写,叙述,形容→describe vt.描述;形容→descriptive adj.描述性的;叙述的 14.confident adj.有信心的,自信的→confidently adv.有信心地,自信地→confidence n.信心;自信　秘密,机密 15.senior adj. (地位、水平或级别)高的,高级的→ junior adj.低年级的 16.drama n.戏剧→dramatic adj.巨大的;突然的;急剧的;戏剧(般)的→dramatically adv.戏剧性地;剧烈地→dramatist n.剧作家;编剧 17.debate n.讨论;辩论　vt. & vi.辩论;争论→debatable adj.可争辩的;有争议的→debater n.辩论者 18.gym n.体育馆,健身房→gymnastics n.体操 19.piano n.钢琴→pianist n.钢琴家 20.photography n.摄影→photograph n.照片　vt.拍照→photographer n.摄影师;拍照者 21.argue v.争论,争辩→argument n.争论;争吵→arguable adj.可论证的→arguably adv.可论证地;按理 22.sharp adj.敏锐的,聪明的→sharply adv.敏锐地;急剧地;严厉地→sharpen vt.削尖;(使)变得锋利;加强;(使)提高;改善 23.intelligent adj.有智慧的,聪明的→intelligence n.智慧;智力 24.investigate v.查明,调查→investigation n.调查→investigator n.调查者 25.various adj.各种各样的,各种不同的→vary vi.相异;多变;改变→variety n.多样化,变化→varied adj.多变的→variation n.变化,变更,变异 26.volunteer n.志愿者,义务工作者,自愿参加者v.自愿做;义务做;无偿做→voluntary adj.志愿的,义务的→voluntarily adv.自愿地;无偿地;义务地 27.apply v.申请　vt.应用;使用;涂;敷→application n.申请(表);用途;运用;应用(程序)→applicant n.申请人 28.schedule n.计划表;进度表;日程表　vt.安排;为……安排时间→scheduled adj.事先安排/计划的→reschedule vt.重新安排;修改……的时间表 29.subscribe vi.订阅(报纸或杂志);定期交纳(会费)→subscription n.订阅;会员费→subscriber n.订户;订阅者 30.view n. (一次)观看;看法;意见;景色　vt.把……视为;看;观看→viewer n.观看者;电视观众 31.graduate v.毕业　n.毕业生→graduation n.毕业 32.frightened adj.受惊的,害怕的→frighten vt.使害怕→frightening adj.令人害怕的→fright n.惊吓;恐怖的经历 32.frightened adj.受惊的,害怕的→frighten vt.使害怕→frightening adj.令人害怕的→fright n.惊吓;恐怖的经历 33.sight n.看到,看见;视力;视野;景象　 vt.看到→sighted adj.看得见的;有视力的→sightless adj.看不见的;盲的 34.select v.挑选;选择→selection n.选择→selective adj.选择性的;认真挑选的 35.particular adj.特定的,特指的;特别的;讲究的　 n.细节,详情→particularly adv.特别地 36.neat adj.好的,令人愉快的;整洁的;整齐的→neatly adv.整齐地;极好地→neatness n.干净;整洁→neaten vt.使整齐;使整洁 37.specific adj.具体的,特定的→specifically adv.具体地;特定地 38.refer v.参考,查阅;提到,谈到→referred/referred(过去式/过去分词)→reference n.参考;查阅 39.struggle n. & vi.奋斗,拼搏;斗争;搏斗　vi.艰难地行进n.难事→struggling adj.艰难奋斗的,苦苦挣扎的 40.memorise vt.记住,熟记→memory n.记忆力;回忆;记忆→memorable adj.难忘的;值得记忆的 41.improve v.改善,改进→improved adj.已改善的;有改进的→improvement n.改善;改进;提高 42.rate v.对……作评估;评价　n.速度;(比)率　vt.划分等级→rating n.等级;级别→underrated adj.被低估的 43.performance n. (工作或活动中的)表现;表演;演技→perform vi. & vt.表现;表演;履行;执行　vi.工作,运转;表现(好/不好)→performer n.表演者;演员 44.exchange vt.交流(信息、想法等);交换;交易;兑换　n.交换;交流;兑换;互换;交谈;争论→exchangeable adj.可交换/易的;可兑换的 知识点3 必记一词多义 1.curious adj. ①好奇的;求知欲强的　 inquisitive　②奇异的;奇怪的 1)be curious about对……好奇 be curious to do好奇地做 It is curious that ...……真奇怪/很反常。 2)with curiosity好奇地 out of curiosity出于好奇 arouse/satisfy one’s curiosity激起/满足某人的好奇心 ①Jane turned toward the boys, wide-eyed, curious to see what was going on.简转向男孩子们,睁大了眼睛,好奇地想看看发生了什么事。(续写情感描写) ②My curiosity (curious) got the better of me and I peeped inside.我抑制不住好奇心,向里边窥视。 2.impression n. 印象;感想 1)make/leave a(n) ... impression on ...给……留下……的印象 2)impress sb. with/by sth.用某物给某人留下深刻印象 impress sth. on/upon sb.使某人意识到…… 3)be impressed by/with ...对……印象深刻 be impressed on one’s mind被印在某人脑海里 ①A thousand words will not leave so deep an impression (impress) as one deed.千言万语不如一个行动。(续写主旨升华) ②What impressed me most is the sunlight reflecting off the lake and the gentle breeze.湖面反射的阳光,和煦的微风最让我印象深刻。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷分享信) ③That cold but impressive evening impressed on me that his kindness had got me to my destination and created a bond of friendship.那个寒冷但令人印象深刻的夜晚使我意识到,他的善良既把我送到了目的地又建立了友谊的纽带。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写升华) 3.breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸　vt. 呼出　 低声说 1)breathe in/out吸气/呼气 breathe a sigh of relief如释重负;松了口气 2)hold one’s breath屏住呼吸;屏息 catch one’s breath喘息;平复呼吸 lose one’s breath喘不过气来 take a deep breath深呼吸 take sb.’s breath away令人惊叹 out of breath喘不上气,透不过气来 ①Out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain, from where the view took our breath away.我们上气不接下气地到了山顶,从山顶眺望,景色美得令人惊叹。(续写环境描写) ②Harry leaned against the wall, breathing deeply, listening to their footsteps dying away.哈利靠在墙上,深深地吸气,听着他们的脚步声渐渐远去。(续写动作描写) 4.panic n. 惊恐;惊慌　vi.& vt. (使)惊慌　(panicked, panicked, panicking) 1)in panic惊慌失措地 get into a panic惊慌失措 2)panic sb. into doing sth.使仓惶行事;使仓促行动 panic at/about/over ...因……惊慌 ①Everyone started laughing. I looked at them in panic.大家笑了起来。我惊慌失措地看着他们。(续写情感描写) ②Panic consumed/seized her./She panicked (panic). She felt her blood freeze.她惊慌失措,感觉血液都凝固了。(续写情感描写) 5.confident adj. 有信心的;自信的 1)be confident about ...对……有信心/有把握 be confident of (doing) sth.对(做)某事有把握/自信 2)have/lose/lack confidence in sb.对某人有/失去/缺乏信心 with confidence有把握地;满怀信心地 ①I feel confident of winning in the coming football game.我有把握在即将到来的足球赛中取胜。(告知信) ②The most beautiful thing you can wear is confidence (confident).你能穿在身上最美的东西就是自信。(续写主旨升华) ③Taking a deep breath, David rose and walked to the track confidently/with confidence.大卫深吸了一口气,站起身来,信心十足地走向跑道。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) 6.argue vt.& vi. ①争论;争辩　②论证　③证明;表明 1)argue for/against据理主张/反对 argue with sb.on/about/over sth.与某人争辩某事 argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 2)beyond argument无可争辩 have an argument with sb. (about/over sth.) (针对某事)与某人争吵 get into an argument争吵起来;陷入争论 ①It is beyond argument that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.毋庸置疑,长城是中国的象征。(推荐信) ②I thought I could argue my parents into allowing me to use my money as I wished.我原以为我能说服我的父母允许我按照我自己的意愿花钱。(浙江高考续写) ③As they argued with each other in whispers, Harry moved around the room, only half listening.他们小声争论,哈利在屋里走来走去,漫不经心地听着。(续写场景描写) 7.apply vi.& vt. ①申请;请求　vt. ②应用　③涂;敷　vi. ④(对……)适用　 vt. 努力学习;勤奋工作;手压;脚踩 apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请…… apply to do sth.申请做某事 apply ... to ...把……应用于……;涂/敷/擦……到……上 apply to ...适用于…… apply oneself to (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事 ①I’m writing to apply for the voluntary job, which I think I am qualified for.我写信申请这个志愿工作,我认为我能够胜任该工作。(申请信) ②My mind travelled back to the days when I applied myself to creating Revere’s horse.我的思绪回到了我全身心创作里维尔的马的日子。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷续写) ③With a delicate touch, he applied an ice pack to Jeff’s injury, and calmed Jeff with comforting words.他轻轻地把冰袋敷在杰夫的伤口上,并用安慰的话安抚杰夫。(续写动作描写) 8.struggle vi. ①奋斗;拼搏　②斗争　 vi. 艰难地行走　n. 奋斗;拼搏;斗争;难事 1)struggle for ...为……而斗争/奋斗 struggle with/against sb./sth.与某人/某事做斗争 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来 2)It is a struggle (for sb.) to do sth. (对于某人而言)做某事真是难事。 ①Despite many attempts, I still find it a struggle to cook a tasty meal.尽管尝试多次,我仍然觉得做好一顿美味的饭菜绝非易事。(2023·全国乙卷短文) ②Seeing Tom struggle out of his wheelchair, she struggled to hold (hold) back her tears.看着汤姆艰难地下了轮椅,她竭力忍住不哭。(续写动作和神态描写) 9.exchange vt. ①交流(意见、信息等)　②交换;更换;兑换　n. ③交换;交流　④调换;兑换　 交谈 1)in exchange (for ...)作为(对……的)交换;用来交换…… an exchange of ...……的交流/交换 2)exchange A for B以A换取/兑换B exchange sth. with sb.与某人交换某物 exchange ideas/greetings/looks/glances with sb.与某人交流思想/与某人打招呼/与某人相互看了看 ①What is needed is a frank exchange of views.需要的是坦诚地交换意见。(建议信) ②After we exchanged our phone numbers, I boarded the bus and gave a huge wave to him.我们交换了电话号码后,我上了公共汽车,向他使劲儿挥了挥手。(动作链) (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写) ③Noah exchanged a look with Fagin, and darted out.诺亚和费金对视一眼,然后冲了出去。(续写神态描写) 10.view n. ①(一次)观看　②视野　③景色　④看法　vt. ⑤看;观看　⑥欣赏　⑦看待 1)have/get a good view of ...清楚地看到;饱览 come into view进入视野;看得见 in view看得见 in view of由于;鉴于;考虑到 in one’s view/from one’s point of view在某人看来 2)view ... as ...把……看作…… be viewed as ...被看作…… ①On the way to the farm, attractive scenery came into view, and you could imagine how thrilled we were.在去农场的路上,迷人的景色映入眼帘,你可以想象一下我们有多么兴奋。(续写写景) ②There was nobody in view except some sheep in the grassland.草原上看不到一个人,只能看到几只羊。(续写写景) ③With the mind trick in mind, Eva stopped viewing the building as a headache.伊娃想着心理策略,不再把大楼当作让她头疼的事。(2024·浙江高考1月续写) 11.figure vt. ①认为,以为;认定　②计算　n. ③人物　④数字　⑤身材　⑥画像 1)figure out弄清楚;理解;计算出 figure that ...认为…… 2)keep one’s figure保持体形 have a good figure身材好 a political/public/leading figure 一位政治/公众/领军人物 ①Among the Chinese historical figures (figure) that are widely acknowledged, Su Shi is the most influential one in my view.在我看来,在广为人知的中国历史人物中,苏轼是最有影响力的。(短文写人) ②Pacing back and forth, I shook my head trying to figure out what to do.我来回走着,摇着头,想弄清楚该做什么。(续写动作描写) 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 获得；赢得；好处 /ɡeɪn/____________ 2. 认为；数字；人物 /ˈfɪɡə(r)/____________ 3. 向前；促进 /ˈfɔːwəd/____________ 4. 从前的 /ˈfɔːmə(r)/____________ 5. 设施；场所 /fəˈsɪləti/____________ 6. 发动机，引擎 /ˈendʒɪn/____________ 7. 乐队；乐团 /bænd/____________ 8. 海报 /ˈpəʊstə(r)/____________ 9. 日记；日志 /ˈdʒɜːnl/____________ 10. 作者，作家 /ˈɔːθə(r)/____________ 答案 1.gain 2. figure 3. forward 4. former 5. facility 6.engine 7. band 8. poster 9. journal 10. author 二、英译汉检测 1. committee /kəˈmɪti/ ____________ 2. insect /ˈɪnsekt/ ____________ 3. dolphin /ˈdɒlfɪn/ ____________ 4. dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsɔː(r)/ ____________ 5. badminton /ˈbædmɪntən/ ____________ 6. drama /ˈdrɑːmə/ ____________ 7. debate /dɪˈbeɪt/ ____________ 8. gym /dʒɪm/ ____________ 9. piano /piˈænəʊ/ ____________ 10. photography /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/ ____________ 答案 1. 委员会 2. 昆虫 3. 海豚 4. 恐龙 5. 羽毛球 6.戏剧 7. 讨论；辩论 8. 体育馆，健身房 9. 钢琴 10. 摄影 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Out of ______ (curious), she opened the box. 答案：curiosity 解析：介词 of 后使用名词形式，固定搭配 out of curiosity 出于好奇 2. The speech left a deep ______ (impress) on us. 答案：impression 解析：形容词 deep 修饰名词；leave an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象 3. We are ______ (eager) to explore the new campus. 答案：eager 解析：固定结构 be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事，形容词作表语 4. He is a famous ______ (explore) travelling around the world. 答案：explorer 解析：指人的名词，意为 “探险家” 5. The ______ (collect) of old photos took him ten years. 答案：collection 解析：the 后接名词，表示 “收藏品，收集工作” 6. She is good at ______ (organise) after-school activities. 答案：organising 解析：介词 at 后需使用动名词形式 7. He felt ______ (panic) after losing his way. 答案：panicked 解析：形容词，表 “惊慌失措的”，作表语 8. This task is really ______ (challenge) for freshmen. 答案：challenging 解析：形容词，修饰事物，意为 “有挑战性的” 9. Too much ______ (press) makes him anxious every day. 答案：pressure 解析：much 修饰不可数名词 pressure（压力） 10. He spoke ______ (calm) to comfort the frightened child. 答案：calmly 解析：副词修饰动词 spoke UNIT 2　Exploring English 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 　　　　 　 1.title n.题目,标题 2.contact v.联系,联络 3.subway n.地铁 4.highway n.公路 5.gas n.汽油,燃气　 petrol 　　　　　　　 6.apartment n.一套住房,公寓套房　 flat 7.boot n.靴子 8.section n.区域 9.downstairs adv.在楼下 　　　　　　　 10.downtown adj.在城镇中心区的,在闹市区的 11.ham n.火腿 12.eggplant n.茄子 13.pine n.松树 14.pineapple n.菠萝 知识点2 热点词形转换 1.sculpt v.雕刻,雕塑→sculpture n.雕塑作品,雕刻品,雕像→sculptor n.雕刻家;雕塑家 2.homesick adj.想家的→homesickness n.思乡病;乡愁 3.opposing adj. (观点、意见等)相反的,(相)对立的→oppose vt.反对→opposed adj.反对的→opposition n.反对,反抗,对抗→opposite adj.相对的;相反的　prep.在……的对面　n.对立面 4.behavior n.举止,行为→behavio(u)ral adj.行为方面的;行为科学的→behave vi.表现;举止规矩;(使)表现得体→ misbehave vi.行为不端→misbehavio(u)r n.不良行为;不正当的举止 5.confusing adj.令人困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑;混淆;弄错→confused adj.困惑的;混乱的→confusion n.混乱;混淆 6.unique adj.独一无二的,独特的→uniquely adv.独特地→uniqueness n.独特性;独一无二 7.alarm n.警报器,闹钟　vt.使惊恐;使害怕→alarmed adj.担心,害怕→alarming adj.令人惊慌的 8.reflect vt.显示,反映;反射;映出　vi. & vt.认真思考;沉思→reflection n.反射;映像;反映;反思→reflective adj.沉思的;深思的;反光的 9.creativity n.创造性,创造力→creative adj.有创造力的;创造(性)的;有创意的→creatively adv.创造性地;有创造力地→create vt.创造;创作→creation n.创造;创作;作品 10.visible adj.看得见的,可见的→ invisible adj.看不见的→visibility n.能见度;可见性;明显性 11.type n.类型,种类　vi. & vt.打字→typing n.打字;文稿→typist n.打字员→typewriter n.打字机 12.unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的;不了解的→ familiar adj.熟悉的;了解的→familiarity n.熟悉 13.organization n.组织,团体,机构→organizational adj.有组织能力的;组织的→organize vt.组织→organized adj.有条理的;有组织的→organizer n.组织者 14.likely adj.可能的,可能发生的adv.可能地→ unlikely adj.不可能的;不可能发生的　adv.不可能地→likelihood n.可能;可能性 15.resource n.资料,(教学)资源　 vt.向……提供资金(或设备)→(pl.)resources勇气;才智;谋略→resourceful adj.足智多谋的;随机应变的 16.context n.上下文,语境→contextual adj.上下文的;与语境相关的 17.addition n.增加物,添加物;添加;加法→additional adj.另外的,额外的→additionally adv.此外;额外地→add vt. & vi.增加;添加→added adj.额外的;附加的;增添的 18.misadventure n.事故,灾难→adventure n.冒险;历险(经历),奇遇→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的;大胆开拓的;惊险的→adventurer n.冒险家;探险者 19.remind vt.提醒,使……想起→reminder n.提醒人的事物 20.entrance n.大门(口),入口(处)→enter vi.进入→exit n.出口;通道vi. & vt.出去;离去 21.actually adv.事实上,实际上→actual adj.真实的;实际的 22.odd adj.奇特的,古怪的;不成对的;不同类的→odds n.可能性,概率,几率→oddly adv.古怪地;反常地 23.negative adj.消极的,负面的→ positive adj.积极的→negativity n.否定性;消极性 24.error n.错误;谬误→err vi.犯错误;做错事;出差错 25.intend vt. & vi.计划;打算;想要→intention n. 打算;目的;意图→intentional adj.故意的;存心的→intentionally adv.故意地→ unintentionally adv.无意地 26.informal adj. (书写或言谈)非正式的→ formal adj.正式的→formally adv.正式地 27.recognise vt.认识;辨认出;承认;认可→recognition n.承认;认出;公认→recognisable adj.可辨认的;可认出的→recognised/recognized adj.公认的 28.base v.以……为基础→based adj.以……为基础的→basic adj.基础的;根本的→basically adv.基本上→basis n.基础;准则 29.aware adj.意识到的;明白的→ unaware adj.未察觉的,不知道的→awareness n.认识;意识 知识点3 必记一词多义 1.reflect vt. ①显示;反映　②反射(光、热、声音等)　③映出　vi.& vt. ④反思;回想;仔细考虑 1)be reflected in sth.某物映出…… reflect on/upon sth.思考某事;回忆某事 2)be lost in reflection陷入深思中 a reflection of ...……的反映/倒影 ①Don’t be afraid of mistakes. You have to learn by reflecting on/upon them.不要害怕错误,你必须通过反思来学习。(建议信) ②He hung his head, lost in deep reflection (reflect).他低下了头,陷入沉思中。(续写动作描写) 2.likely adj. 可能的,可能发生的　adv. 可能地 sb./sth. be likely/unlikely to do sth.某人/某物很可能/不可能做某事 It is likely/unlikely that ...有/不太可能…… ①Only by following these guidelines are we likely to maintain a focused learning environment.只有遵循这些指导原则,我们才有可能保持一个专注的学习环境。(2025·浙江高考1月演讲稿) ②It is likely that a small gesture of care will melt people’s loneliness.一个表达关爱的小小举动可能会融化人们内心的孤单。(续写主旨升华) 3.remind vt. 提醒;使……想起 remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 remind sb.of sth./sb.使某人想起某事/某人 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind (sb.) that/how/what ...提醒(某人)…… serve as a reminder作为提醒 ①On seeing my confused look, he explained,“It will remind me to be cautious.”看到我困惑的表情,他解释说:“这会提醒我要小心。” ②Whenever Mary looked up at the night sky, the twinkling stars would remind her of that unforgettable night, a night when she found comfort and courage. 每当玛丽抬头仰望夜空,闪烁的繁星就会让她想起那个难忘的夜晚,那个她找到安慰和勇气的夜晚。 ③It serves as a reminder (remind) that kindness and love will influence others and be rewarded and virtue is a reward itself.它提醒我们,善良和爱会影响他人并得到回报,而美德本身就是一种回报。(续写主旨升华) 4.intend vt.& vi. 计划;打算;想要 1)intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth.本打算做某事 2)be intended for ...专为……而设计;专供……使用的 3)be intended to be/do ...为……打算(或设计)的 4)with an/the intention of ...打算…… have no intention to do sth.无意做某事 ①The race, intended (intend) to strengthen our bodies, was highly thought of.这场旨在使我们强身健体的赛跑受到了高度评价。(报道) ②I benefit a lot from the column intended for teenagers interested in Western cultures.我从专门为对西方文化感兴趣的青少年设计的专栏中获益匪浅。(栏目介绍) ③I froze. It would ruin our friendship to say“No”, wouldn’t it? Honesty came first, but I had no intention to refuse (refuse) him. 我愣住了,说“不”会毁了我们的友谊,不是吗?诚实第一,但我无意拒绝他。 5.recognise vt. ①认识;辨认出　②承认;意识到　③认可 1)recognise sb./one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音 be recognised to be/as ...被认为是…… It is (generally) recognised that ...人们公认…… 2)beyond/out of (all) recognition认不出来 in recognition of用以肯定 ①He is universally recognised as one of the greatest scientists in the world.他被认为是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。(介绍人物) ②Smiling in relief, I recognised that sometimes, the smallest act of kindness could go a long way.我如释重负地笑了,我意识到有时候,最小的善举也会大有帮助。(续写主旨升华) 6.contact vt. 联络;联系　n. 联系;接触　 熟人,社会关系 1)contact sb.联系某人 2)be in/out of contact with ...与……有/失去联系 keep in contact with ...与……保持联系 lose/have/make contact with ...与……失去/取得联系 ①If you have any further questions, don’t hesitate to contact me.如果有其他问题,请立即与我联系。(回复信) ②I will make/have contact with you once I have some information about the activity.一旦有了与活动相关的信息,我就会联系你。(回复信) 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 题目，标题 /ˈtaɪtl/____________ 2. 联系，联络 /ˈkɒntækt/____________ 3. 地铁 /ˈsʌbweɪ/____________ 4. 公路 /ˈhaɪweɪ/____________ 5. 汽油，燃气 /ɡæs/____________ 6. 一套住房，公寓套房 /əˈpɑːtmənt/____________ 7. 靴子 /buːt/____________ 8. 区域 /ˈsekʃn/____________ 9. 在楼下 /ˌdaʊnˈsteəz/____________ 10. 在城镇中心区的 /ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/____________ 答案 1.title 2. contact 3. subway 4. highway 5. gas 6.apartment 7. boot 8. section 9. downstairs 10. downtown 二、英译汉检测 1. ham /hæm/ ____________ 2. eggplant /ˈeɡplɑːnt/ ____________ 3. pine /paɪn/ ____________ 4. pineapple /ˈpaɪnæpl/ ____________ 5. sculpt /skʌlpt/ ____________ 6. unique /juˈniːk/ ____________ 7. alarm /əˈlɑːm/ ____________ 8. context /ˈkɒntekst/ ____________ 9. error /ˈerə(r)/ ____________ 10. odd /ɒd/ ____________ 答案 1.火腿 2. 茄子 3. 松树 4. 菠萝 5. 雕刻 6.独一无二的 7. 警报器；使惊恐 8. 上下文，语境 9. 错误 10. 古怪的；奇数的 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The story is quite ______ (confuse) for new students. 答案：confusing 解析：修饰事物用 confusing；confused 用来形容人感到困惑 2. Everyone admires his ______ (create) thoughts. 答案：creative 解析：形容词修饰名词 thoughts，意为 “有创造力的” 3. The mountain is hardly ______ (visibility) on rainy days. 答案：visible 解析：be 动词后接形容词，意为 “看得见的” 4. ______ (actual), I have never travelled abroad. 答案：Actually 解析：副词放句首，修饰整个句子 5. The ______ (organise) of the party took three whole days. 答案：organisation 解析：定冠词 the 后接名词，意为 “组织工作” 6. It is ______ (like) that he will refuse our plan. 答案：unlikely 解析：固定句型 It is unlikely that… 不太可能…… 7. I have no ______ (intend) to give up my hobby. 答案：intention 解析：no 后接名词，意为 “意图，打算” 8. I failed to ______ (recognition) my primary school friend. 答案：recognise 解析：fail to 后接动词原形 9. You should be ______ (awareness) of your own mistakes. 答案：aware 解析：固定搭配 be aware of 意识到 10. The two sides hold ______ (oppose) opinions. 答案：opposing 解析：形容词修饰名词 opinions，意为 “对立的” UNIT 3　Family matters 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 1.issue n.议题;争论的问题　vt.宣布;公布 2.career n.职业,事业 3.studio n. (音乐)录音室 4.court n.法院,法庭 5.curtain n. (舞台上的)幕;帷幕;窗帘 6.nowadays adv.现今,现时 7.somehow adv.用某种方法,不知怎的 8.series n.系列比赛 9.extra adj.额外的,另外的,附加的　 n.额外的事物;另外收费的事物 10.million num.一百万,许多,无数 11.despite prep.尽管,虽然 12.throughout prep.在整个期间,自始至终 13.onto prep.到……上,向……上,朝……上 14.indeed adv.当然;确实 15.sigh n.叹气,叹息(尤因厌烦、失望、疲惫等) 知识点2 热点词形转换 1.approach vi. & vt.走近;靠近　vt.接近;接洽;对付　n.方法;途径;接近→approachable adj.可接近的;和蔼可亲的;易理解的 2.focus v. (把……)集中(于);(使)调节焦距　n.中心点;焦点→focused adj.注意力集中的;目标明确的→ unfocus(s)ed adj.无焦点的;目光分散的;目的不明确的 3.lawyer n.律师→law n.法律→lawful adj.法定的;合法的 4.assume v.假定,假设,认为→assumption n.假设→assuming conj.假如 5.respect n. & vt.尊敬;敬重　vt.遵守　n.方面,细节→respectful adj.有礼貌的;尊重别人的→respected adj.受人尊重的→respectable adj.体面的;得体的;值得尊敬的 6.ignore vt.忽视,不理→ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的→ignorance n.无知;愚昧 7.professional adj.职业的,专业的→profession n.职业;专业 8.suit vt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身　n.西服;套装→suitable adj.合适的;适合的→suitably adv.适合地→suited adj.合适;适宜;适当,般配的 9.talent n.天赋,才能→talented adj.有天赋的;有才能的 10.option n.选择,可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的;选修的 11.currently adv.现时;当前→current adj.现在的 12.regularly adv.经常→regular adj.定期的;有规律的→ irregular adj.无规律的;不整齐的;不规则的 13.responsible adj. (对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的,应承担责任的→responsibly adv.认真负责地→responsibility n.责任→ irresponsible adj.不负责任的 14.character n. (书、剧本、电影等中的)人物,角色;文字;符号;品质;特点→characterize/-ise vt.描述,刻画;是……的特征→characteristic adj.典型的;独特的;特有的n.特征;特点;品质 15.generation n.一代(人)→generational adj.一代的;代与代之间的 16.chat n.闲谈,聊天→chatty adj.爱闲聊的→chatted/chatted/chatting (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 17.memory n.记忆,回忆→memorize v.记住;记忆→memorable adj.难忘的;值得记忆的 18.skin n.皮肤　 vt.剥皮;扒皮;削皮→skinny adj.干瘦的;皮包骨的;紧身的 19.jogging n.慢跑锻炼→jog vi.慢跑→jogged/jogged (过去式/过去分词)→jogger n.慢跑锻炼者 20.slim adj.苗条的;修长的　 (机会/可能性)微小的vi.变苗条,减肥→(比较级)slimmer→(最高级)slimmest→slimming n.减肥;减轻体重 21.nation n.国家→national adj.国家的;国民的;国有的→nationality n.国籍;民族 22.aim vt. & vi.力求达到;瞄准vt.目的是;旨在n.目的;目标;瞄准→aimless adj.漫无目的的→aimlessly adv.漫无目的地;无目标地 23.theme n.主题→themed adj.特定主题的;特定历史时期的 24.observe vt.庆祝,过(节日、生日等);观察(到);注意;遵守　说话;评论→observation n.观察;监视;评论→observer n.观察者;观测者;目击者→observance n.遵守;(节日的)纪念 25.range n.一系列;范围,界限　山脉vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化→ranger n.护林人;园林管理员 26.event n.活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等);重要事情,大事→eventful adj.多变故的;充满大事的→ uneventful adj.平淡的;平静的 27.apologise vi.道歉;谢罪→apology n.道歉;谢罪→apologetic adj.道歉的;谢罪的;愧疚的→apologetically adv.抱歉地 28.stress n.重音,重读;压力;紧张　vt.强调;重读;使焦虑不安　vi.焦虑不安→stressed adj.焦虑的;重读的;受压的→stressful adj.压力重的;紧张的 29.impact n.作用,影响→impactful adj.有重大影响(或效果)的 30.strength n.强烈程度,力量,体力→strengthen vt.加强,巩固→strong adj.强大的,强壮的;强烈的→strongly adv.强烈地 31.admire vt.钦佩,赞美,羡慕→admiration n.钦佩;赞美;羡慕→admirable adj.可钦佩的;值得赞赏的;令人羡慕的→admiring adj.钦佩的→admirer n.仰慕者 32.judge v.认为,判断;评价;评判　n.法官;审判员;裁判员→judg(e)ment n.判断;辨别力 33.settle v.和解,结束(争论);定居→settlement n.解决;居民点→settler n.定居者;殖民者→settled adj.稳定的;安定的 34.feature n. (报纸或杂志的)特写,专题节目,特色;特征;特点　vt.以……为特色;由……主演;以……为主要组成→featured adj.有……特色的→ featureless adj.没有特色的;平淡无奇的 35.typically adv.一般,通常→typical adj.典型的;有代表性的 36.individual adj.独特的,与众不同的　n.个人→individually adv.单独地,分别地 37.style n.风格,方式;作风;样式;款式　vt.设计;把……制作成某种式样→stylish adj.有格调的;时髦的 38.detail n.细节,细微之处→detailed adj.详细的 39.contain v.包含,含有;抑制;控制→container n.容器 40.summary n.总结,概要→summarize vt.总结;概括;概述 41.powerful adj.强有力的;有权势的;有影响(感染)力的→powerfully adv.强有力地;有权势地;有影响力地→ powerless adj.无能为力的;无权的;无影响力的→power n.力量;权力→empower vt.授权;使自主 42.track n.跑道;足迹;铁路轨道　vt. & vi.追踪;跟踪→tracking n.跟踪;追踪 43.obviously adv.明显地,显而易见地→obvious adj.明显的 44.entire adj.全部的,整个的→entirely adv.全部地;完全地 45.enormously adv.非常,极其→enormous adj.巨大的 46.positive adj.好的,积极的→positively adv.积极地;乐观地→ negative adj.消极的 47.disqualify v. (因犯规而)取消……的资格→qualify v.使具备资格→qualified adj.有资格的;具备……的学历→qualification n.资格;学历→disqualification n.取消资格 48.athlete n.运动员,田径运动员→athletic adj.田径运动的;健壮的→athletics n.田径运动 49.medal n.奖牌;勋章→medalist n.奖牌获得者 50.medium n.新闻媒体,传媒→(pl.) media 知识点3 必记一词多义 1.approach vi. & vt. ①走近,靠近　vt. ②接近　③接洽　④对付　n. ⑤方法;途径　⑥道路;路径　⑦接近 1)approach sb./sth.靠近/接近某人/某物 be approaching临近;靠近 approach the problem处理问题 approach sb. about sth.与某人商量某事 2)(an) approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径;……的通道/入口 随着……临近 ①Listening to some Chinese songs is also a good approach to learning (learn) Chinese well.听一些中文歌曲也是学好中文的一个好方法。(建议信) ②I approached Luella, tightly holding her hands and saying,“Thankfully, you’re all right.”我走近卢埃拉,紧紧握住她的手,说:“谢天谢地,你没事。” ③At/With the approach of Christmas/With Christmas approaching/As Christmas approached, they sent gifts to each other. It seemed that the invisible ice between them had gradually melted.随着圣诞节的临近,他们互送礼物。他们之间那层看不见的冰似乎渐渐融化了。 2.focus vi.& vt. ①(把……)集中于　 concentrate　②(使)调节焦距　n. ③中心;焦点 1)focus (...) on/upon ...集中(……)于……;聚焦(……)于…… 2)the focus of attention关注的焦点 bring ... into focus/come into focus (使)成为焦点 3)keep/stay focused保持专注/集中注意力 ①The lecture will focus on the history and development of Chinese characters.讲座的重点是汉字的演变。(通知) ②Much to my surprise, my video became the focus of attention, making me an instant hit.压根儿没想到我的视频成了关注的焦点,使我一炮而红。 ③“Stay cool and focused!”With Edward’s encouraging words ringing in his ears, Leon calmed down and buried himself in the questions.“保持冷静和专注!”爱德华鼓励的话语在里昂的耳边回荡,他冷静下来,埋头做题。 3.aim vt.& vi. ①力求达到;力争做到　②瞄准　vt. ③目的是;旨在　n. ④目的;目标　⑤瞄准 1)aim to do sth.意欲/旨在做某事 aim for sth.力求得到某物 aim sth. at ...用某物瞄准…… be aimed at doing sth.目的是/旨在做某事 2)achieve/realize one’s aim实现某人的目标 take aim at ...向……瞄准 with the aim of ...以……为目标;意在…… ①Last Friday witnessed a cross-country race held by our school aimed at/with the aim of building up students’strength.为使学生们强身健体,我校于上周五举行了一场越野赛跑。(报道) ②The hunter came out of the woods, aimed his gun at the bird flying upward and fired.猎人走出树林,瞄准那只向上飞的鸟,开了枪。(续写动作描写) 4.observe vt. ①庆祝;过(节日、生日等)　②观察(到);注意到;看到　③遵守,奉行　 说话,评论 1)observe sb. do sth.观察某人做某事(全过程) observe sb. doing sth.观察某人正在做某事 observe sb./sth. done ...观察到某人/物被……(被动的动作) observe the traffic rules遵守交通规则 observe the Spring Festival过春节 2)under observation正在被观察 ①The Mid-Autumn Festival is observed (observe) on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month.农历八月十五过中秋节。(传统文化) ②Although winning was a great feeling, all of us agreed to observe the spirit of fair play.虽然获胜感觉很棒,但我们所有人都一致认为应遵循公平竞争的宗旨。(续写主旨升华) ③Jack observed a look of anxiety on his brother’s face.杰克注意到了他哥哥脸上焦急的神情。 ④He observed that a traveller without observation (observe) is a bird without wings.他说没有观察力的旅行者,犹如没有翅膀的鸟。 5.range n. ①一系列　②范围,界限　 山脉　vi. ③包括　④(在一定范围内)变化 1)a (wide/full) range of ...一系列…… in/within range在范围内 beyond/out of one’s range某人能力达不到的 at close range近距离 2)range from ... to ...包括……到……都有 range between ... and ...在……和……范围内变动 ①The exhibition has a wide range of paintings that can satisfy all kinds of visitors.展览展出一系列的绘画,可以满足各种各样的参观者。(浙江高考宣传稿) ②Our school features a diverse variety of clubs, ranging (range) from the Chess Club to the Photography Club.我们学校设有各种俱乐部,从国际象棋俱乐部到摄影俱乐部都有。(告知信) 6.apologise vi. 道歉 1)apologise to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologise to sb.that ...向某人道歉…… 2)make an apology to sb. (for sth.) (因某事)向某人道歉 owe sb. an apology应向某人道歉 ①I’m writing to apologise to you for my failing to hang out with you this weekend as scheduled.我没能按计划与你过周末,我写信向你道歉。(北京高考道歉信) ②Noticing the look on my father’s face, I knew his anger had melted, and that my apology (apologise) touched his heart.我看到父亲脸上的表情,知道他的怒气消失了,我的道歉触动了他的心。(续写情感和神态描写) 7.judge vt.& vi. ①认为;判断　②评价;评判　③n. 法官;审判员;裁判员 1)judge ...from/by ...从……判断…… as far as I can judge据我判断;我认为 2)judging by/from ...从……判断(作状语) 3)make a judg(e)ment on/about ...对……作出评价 ①Judging (judge) from her blank face, she didn’t know what we were talking about.从她茫然的表情来看,她不知道我们在谈些什么。 ②Never judge people at first glance, for true beauty comes from the inside.永远不要凭第一眼判断人,因为真正的美来自内在。(续写主旨升华) 8.assume v. ①假定;假设　②认为　vt. ③承担(责任);就(职)　 装出;假装 1)assume sb./sth.to be假定/假设某人/某物为 It is assumed that ...据认为…… 2)assuming (that) ...假设/假定…… 3)make an assumption (about ...) (对……)作出假设 on the assumption that ...假定…… ①Assuming/On the assumption that I am elected chairman, I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life.假设我当选主席,我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动来丰富我们的学校生活。(申请信) ②It is assumed that not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh us but it can also strengthen our memory.人们认为,喝中国茶不仅能提神,还能提高记忆力。(短文) ③Andy assumed (assume) an air of indifference whenever her name was mentioned.每次提到她的名字,安迪都装出无所谓的样子。(续写神态描写) 9.respect v. ①尊敬;敬重　②遵守　n. ③尊敬;敬重　 方面;细节 1)respect sb. for sth.因某事而尊重某人 2)show/have respect for ...尊敬/重视…… out of respect for ...出于对……的尊敬 win/earn/gain the respect of赢得/得到……的尊重 3)in this/that respect在这/那方面 in respect of/with respect to关于;至于 4)give/send one’s respects to sb.向某人问候 ①He is also respected for his brilliance as an artist.他还因为他的艺术才华受到别人的尊敬。(短文·写人) ②We are aware that to save food is to show respect for the labor of farmers.我们意识到节约粮食就是尊重农民的劳动。(报道·劳育) ③Despite the bone-chilly wind, I felt a wave of warmth and pride as I had gained the love and respect of my classmates.尽管寒风刺骨,但我还是感到一阵温暖和自豪,因为我得到了同学们的爱和尊重。(续写情景交融结尾) 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 议题；宣布 /ˈɪʃuː/____________ 2. 职业，事业 /kəˈrɪə(r)/____________ 3. 录音室 /ˈstjuːdiəʊ/____________ 4. 法院，法庭 /kɔːt/____________ 5. 幕；窗帘 /ˈkɜːtn/____________ 6. 现今，现时 /ˈnaʊədeɪz/____________ 7. 不知怎的 /ˈsʌmhaʊ/____________ 8. 系列比赛 /ˈsɪəriːz/____________ 9. 额外的 /ˈekstrə/____________ 10. 一百万 /ˈmɪljən/____________ 答案 issue 2. career 3. studio 4. court 5. curtain 6. nowadays 7. somehow 8. series 9. extra 10. million 二、英译汉检测 1. despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ ____________ 2. throughout /θruːˈaʊt/ ____________ 3. onto /ˈɒntuː/ ____________ 4. indeed /ɪnˈdiːd/ ____________ 5. sigh /saɪ/ ____________ 6. lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ ____________ 7. talent /ˈtælənt/ ____________ 8. jogging /ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/ ____________ 9. slim /slɪm/ ____________ 10. medal /ˈmedl/ ____________ 答案 1. 尽管，虽然 2. 在整个期间 3. 到…… 上 4. 当然；确实 5. 叹气 6. 律师 7. 天赋，才能 8. 慢跑锻炼 9. 苗条的；微小的 10. 奖牌 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. We need a new ______ (approach) to solve this problem. 答案：approach 解析：a new approach to sth. 解决某事的新方法 2. Please keep your ______ (focus) on your study. 答案：focus 解析：keep focus on 集中注意力于 3. It’s wrong to make an ______ (assume) without evidence. 答案：assumption 解析：an 后接名词，意为 “假设” 4. Don’t ______ (ignorant) others’ advice. 答案：ignore 解析：don’t 后接动词原形 5. She is fully ______ (responsibility) for the accident. 答案：responsible 解析：固定搭配 be responsible for 对…… 负责 6. We all ______ (admire) her courage and kindness. 答案：admire 解析：主语 we 为复数，一般现在时谓语用原形 7. You shouldn’t ______ (judge) a book by its cover. 答案：judge 解析：shouldn’t 后接动词原形 8. He made an ______ (apologise) to his parents. 答案：apology 解析：固定搭配 make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉 9. Too much work brings great ______ (stressful). 答案：stress 解析：great 修饰不可数名词 stress（压力） 10. The activity has a powerful ______ (affect) on teenagers. 答案：effect 解析：固定搭配 have an effect on 对…… 有影响 UNIT 4　Friends forever 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 1.click v.点击(鼠标);使发出咔嗒声　被突然明白;豁然开朗　n.单击;咔嗒声 2.postpone v.使(事件、行动等)延期;推迟 3.slice n.片,薄片　vt.把……切成(薄)片　 vi.切;割;划 4.plain adj.简单的,朴素的 5.scar n.伤疤 6.forever adv.永远 7.saying n.格言,谚语,警句 8.goods n.商品 9.diagram n.图解;示意图 10.wi-fi n.无线网络,无线上网 11.site n.网站 12.pour v.灌,注,倒 13.gram n.克 14.destiny n.命运,天命 15.excerpt n.摘录,节录 16.proposition n.事业,生意 知识点2 热点词形转换 1.familiar adj.熟悉的→ unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的→familiarity n.熟悉,通晓 2.adventure n.历险(经历),奇遇→adventurer n.冒险家→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的→misadventure n.厄运;恶运;不幸遭遇 3.prefer vt.更喜欢→preference n.偏爱→preferred adj.首选的;有优先权的→preferable adj.较适合;更可取→preferential adj.优先的;优待的→preferred/preferred/preferring (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 4.deliver v.递送;传送　vt.发表;助产;接生→delivery n.递送;传送 5.advance n.进步,进展　vt.促进;推动;提出;提前vi.前进;发展;进步　 adj.预先的;事先的→advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的　晚期的 6.significantly adv.重大地,显著地→significant adj.重大的;显著的→significance n.意义;重要性 7.maintain v.保持;维持→maintenance n.维护;保养;维持;保持→maintainable adj.可维持的;可维护的 8.digital adj.数字的;数码的→digitally adv.数码地;数字显示地→digitise/-ize vt.使数字化 9.enable vt.使可能,使发生→able adj.能;有才能的→ unable adj.不能的 10.unusual adj.异常的,不平常的→ usual adj.通常的;往常的→usually adv.通常;经常 11.tend v.易于做某事,往往会发生某事→tendency n.倾向,趋势 12.update n.最新消息;更新vt.更新;向……提供最新信息→updated adj.最新的;现代化的 13.criminal n.罪犯→crime n.罪行 14.acquire vt.获得,得到→acquired adj.已获得的;已成习惯的→acquisition n.获得;得到;习得 15.prove v.证明,证实→proof n.证明;证据→proofs (pl.) 16.illustrate v. (举例)说明,阐明;给(书或文章)加插图→illustration n.图解,插图;图示;例释→illustrator n.插图画家→illustrative adj.说明的;解释性的 17.inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的,启发灵感的→inspired adj.卓越的,备受鼓舞的→inspire vt.鼓舞,激励,给(某人)创作灵感→inspiration n.灵感;启发灵感的人(或事物)→inspirational adj.启发灵感的;鼓舞人心的 18.teenager n.青少年,十几岁的孩子→teenage adj.十几岁的(指13岁至19岁);青少年的 19.pack n.小盒;小包　一群　vi. & vt.收拾(行李)　vt.包装→packed adj.挤满人的;有大量……的 20.comfort n.安慰,慰藉,令人感到安慰的人或物,舒服,安逸　vt.安慰;抚慰→ discomfort n.不适　vt.使不安→comfortable adj.舒适的→comfortably adv.舒适地;自在地→ uncomfortable adj.感到不舒服的 21.patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力→patient adj.耐心的　n.病人→patiently adv.耐心地→ impatient adj.不耐烦的;没有耐心的→impatience n.不耐烦 22.passion n.强烈的情感,激情→passionate adj.热情的;热爱的 23.generosity n.慷慨,大方→generous adj.慷慨的;大方的→generously adv.慷慨地;大方地 24.humour n.幽默感→humorous adj.幽默的 25.anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的;渴望→anxiously adv.焦虑地,不安地→anxiety n.焦虑,不安 26.distance v.使与……保持距离,撇清和……的关系　n.距离→distant adj.遥远的,冷漠的 27.ordinary adj.普通的,平常的→ordinarily adv.普通地,平常地 28.dine v.进餐→diner n.就餐者→dinner n.晚餐;宴会 29.fortune n.大笔的钱,巨款;机会;运气→misfortune n.厄运;不幸→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→ unfortunate adj.不幸的 30.drag v.拖,拉vt. & vi.缓慢而费力地移动　vi.过得很慢;拖沓地进行　vt.劝(人)勉强来(或去)→dragged/dragged/dragging (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 31.correspond v.通信→correspondence n.通信;信件 32.partner n.伙伴,搭档　vt.结成伙伴,做搭档,配对→partnership n.伙伴关系;合作 33.appointed adj.约定的,指定的→appoint vt.任命,约定→appointment n.约会;任命 34.strike vt.划(火柴);打,撞击;打动,给……以印象;(使)突然想到/想起　vt. & vi. (时钟等)敲响,报(时);突然降临,突然袭击　vi.罢工　n.罢工→striking adj.引人注目的;显著的→struck/struck (过去式/过去分词) 35.scene n.场景;(戏剧或歌剧的)场;现场;场面→scenic adj.风景优美的;舞台布景的 36.bitterly adv.痛苦地,愤恨地→bitter adj.痛苦的→bitterness n.苦味;怨恨 37.ashamed adj.感到不好意思的,难为情的→shameful adj.可耻的;丢脸的→shame n.羞耻;惭愧;令人遗憾的事 38.unfold vt. (卷着的东西)展开,打开;展示　vt. & vi. (使)逐渐展现→ fold vt.折叠→folding adj.可折叠的 39.location n.地点,位置→locate v.把……安置在;找出……的准确位置→located adj.坐落于;位于 40.surroundings n.周围的事物,环境→surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的→surround vt.包围,围绕,环绕　喜欢结交(某类人);喜欢身边总有(某类东西) 41.personality n.个性,性格→personal adj.个人的,私人的→personally adv.亲自;就本人而言→personalize/-ise vt.针对个人;个人化→person n.人;个人 42.atmosphere n.气氛,氛围,环境;(围绕地球的)大气(层)→atmospheric adj.有独特氛围的;大气的;大气层的 43.pot n.锅;陶盆;陶罐→pottery n.陶器 知识点3 必记一词多义 1.prefer vt. 更喜欢 1)prefer sth. to sth.比起某物来更喜欢某物 prefer doing/to do sth.更喜欢做某事 prefer sb./sth. to do sth.更希望某人/某物做某事 2)have a preference for ...偏爱……;喜爱…… in preference to而不是,优先于 give preference to优先考虑 ①When I have time off, I prefer to be outdoors.当我休假时,我喜欢到户外去。(个人介绍) ②A powerful slogan is preferred (prefer), which will make your poster more persuasive and impressive.首选有效的口号,这会让你的海报更有说服力且更令人印象深刻。(征稿启事) ③As you have a preference (prefer) for traditional Chinese culture, your suggestions will be greatly helpful to us.因为你喜欢中国传统文化,所以你的建议将对我们大有帮助。(求助信) ④Though very frightened, we preferred to throw the garlic bread at the bear rather than shoot it.虽然我们非常害怕,但我们宁愿把蒜蓉面包扔向熊,而不是开枪。(浙江高考续写) 2.advance n. ①进步;进展　vi. ②前进　③发展;进步　vt. ④促进;推动　 further　⑤提出　 put forward　⑥提前　 bring forward 1)in advance (of ...)预先/提前(于……) make advances in ...在……方面取得进步 2)advance on/upon/towards/through朝……前进 advance in ...在……方面取得进步 ①You’d better sign up for the advanced (advance) course in advance.你最好提前报名参加高级课程。(通知) ②The lecture has done much to advance our understanding of Chinese calligraphy.这场讲座大大提高了我们对中国书法的认识。(报道) ③As I stepped out of the car, Lucky barked madly and advanced (advance) towards me.当我下车时,Lucky狂吠着向我走来。 3.acquire vt. 获得;得到 acquire the habit of doing sth.养成做某事的习惯 acquire a good knowledge of学到……的知识;精通…… acquire a taste for开始喜欢上…… acquire a reputation for得到……的名声 acquire success获得成功 ①I have acquired a good knowledge of English, enabling me to communicate with foreigners smoothly.我的英语很好,这使我能顺畅地与外国人交流。(自荐信) ②Through this fire drill, not only did we acquire essential fire prevention knowledge and skills but our fire safety awareness was further strengthened.通过这次消防演习,我们不仅获得了必要的防火知识和技能,而且我们的消防安全意识也得到了进一步加强。(报道) 4.prove vt. ①证明;证实　②证明是(用作系动词)　 turn out 1)prove sth. to sb.向某人证明某事 prove sb./sth. (to be)+adj./n.证明某人/某物…… prove that/wh-从句证明…… It is proved that ...据证明…… 2)prove (to be)+n./adj.证明是;结果是 3)There is no proof that ...没有证据表明…… ①The Technical Culture Festival proved hugely rewarding, broadening our horizons and promoting our creativity.科技文化节收获颇丰,拓宽了我们的视野,促进了我们的创造力。(报道) ②The accident proved to me that nothing is more precious than life.这次事故向我证明了生命最珍贵。(续写主旨升华) ③After years of hard work, support from my family and coaching, I am living proof that dreams can come true.经过多年的努力,在家人的支持和指导下,梦想可以成真,我就是活生生的例子。(续写主旨升华) 5.comfort n. ①安慰,慰藉　②令人感到安慰的人或事物　③舒服;安逸　vt. ④安慰;抚慰 1)in comfort舒适地;放松地 in the comfort of在……的舒适中 be a comfort (to sb.) (对某人)是安慰 it’s a comfort to do sth.做某事是件令人安慰的事 2)comfort ... with ...用……安慰…… 3)be/feel comfortable with sb./sth.和某人在一起很自在/对某物运用自如 make oneself comfortable别拘束,别客气 ①He couldn’t think of anything to say to comfort him.他不知道说什么话来安慰他。 ②With this comforting (comfort) thought, Harry fell asleep.怀着这个宽心的想法,哈利进入了梦乡。 ③He shivered and turned over, trying to get comfortable (comfort), his stomach rumbling with hunger.他瑟瑟发抖,辗转反侧,总想舒服些,肚子又饿得咕咕直叫。 6.anxious adj. ①焦虑的;不安的　②渴望;非常渴望 1)be anxious about/for ...为……担心/担忧 be anxious to do sth.急于做某事 give sb. an anxious look焦急地看了某人一眼 2)with anxiety焦虑地(anxiously) anxiety for sth.对……的渴望 ①We couldn’t contain our excitement, anxious to witness the final surprise.我们兴奋不已,急于见证最后的惊喜。 ②A look of anxiety (anxious) spread across his face.他脸上闪过一丝焦虑的神情。(续写神态描写) ③He looked around anxiously (anxious) and saw that everyone else looked terrified, too.他焦急地看了看周围,看到其他人看起来也都惶恐不安。 7.distance v. ①使与……保持距离　②撇清和……的关系　n. ③距离　④遥远　⑤冷淡;疏远 1)distance oneself/sb. from ... 与……疏远;撇清自己(和……)的关系 2)in the distance在远处 from a distance从远处;隔开一段距离 within walking/driving distance步行/开车可及 3)keep sb. at a distance对某人冷淡;与某人疏远;与某人保持一定距离 keep sb.’s distance from ...与……保持距离 ①He firmly distanced himself from these events, making us quite shocked.他坚决撇清了和这些活动的关系,使我们大为震惊。 ②Chet sat quietly for hours staring into the distance.切特静静地坐了几个小时,凝视着远方。(续写动作描写) ③Uncle Paul warned us to keep our distance from the forest which was a long distance from the farm.保罗叔叔警告我们远离离农场有些远的森林。(浙江高考续写) 8.patience n. 耐心;忍耐力;毅力 1)with patience=patiently耐心地 out of patience没有耐心 run out of/lose patience失去耐心 have the/no patience to do sth.有/没有耐心做某事 have little/no patience with sb.受不了某人 2)be patient with sb.对某人有耐心 be patient of sth.忍受/忍耐某事 ①She was usually patient with her students and never made them disappointed.她对学生通常很有耐心,从来不让他们失望。(写人短文) ②She gave me a comforting smile and nodded while listening patiently/with patience.她给了我一个安慰的微笑,一边点头一边耐心地听着。(续写神态描写) ③She gave a(n) impatient (patient) glance at Mike and stormed out of the room.她很不耐烦地瞥了迈克一眼,然后冲出了房间。 9.drag vt. ①拖;拉　vt.&vi. ②缓慢而费力地移动　vi. ③过得很慢;拖沓地进行　 vt. 劝(人)勉强来(或去) drag oneself to/into/out of ...费力地走到/进/出…… drag sb./sth. away/along/through拖着某人/某物…… drag sb. to/into ...硬拉某人去…… drag by过得很慢 drag on拖延;持续长久 ①The guide dragged himself slowly to the kitchen.向导慢慢朝厨房挪动。(续写动作描写) ②Laughing like a maniac, he dragged Harry back upstairs.他把哈利拽回楼上,笑得像个疯子。 ③My parents dragged me into the stupid movie. I was seized by boredom.我爸妈拉我来看了一部烂片。我感到无聊透了。(续写情感描写) ④The following week dragged by.在接下来的一个星期简直度日如年。 10.strike vi.& vt. ①划(火柴)　②敲响　③报时　④侵袭;突击　vt. ⑤击打　⑥给……以……印象　⑦使想到/意识到　vi. ⑧罢工　n. ⑨罢工;罢课　⑩袭击 1)be struck by/with ...被……击中;被……打动 It strikes sb. that ...某人突然想起…… strike ... into one’s heart使某人对……刻骨铭心 strike sb. as (being) ...给某人的印象是…… 2)be/go on strike在/举行罢工 ①Struck (strike) by your talent for music, I can hardly wait to invite you to the music festival.我对你的音乐天赋印象深刻,迫不及待地想邀请你参加音乐节。(邀请信) ②Mount Tai has struck its beauty into my heart; as a result, it strikes me that I will visit it again.泰山的美让我刻骨铭心,所以我想我会再次游览泰山。(游记) 11.pour vt. ①注;灌;倒　vi. ②(水等)不断流出;(烟等)被吐出　③不断涌向/涌现　④(雨)倾盆而下 pour in/into涌入 pour out (of)涌出 pour down流下;倾泻而下 pour sth. into sth.把……倒入……中;向……投入大量金钱;大量投资于 pour out one’s troubles倾诉某人的苦恼 ①It was pouring (with rain)/The rain was pouring down so I accepted his offer of a lift.天正下着瓢泼大雨,所以我领了他的情,搭了他的便车。 ②Tears poured down my face as I poured out my troubles.我倾诉我的苦恼时,眼泪从脸上哗哗地流下。(续写神态描写) 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 点击；咔嗒声 /klɪk/____________ 2. 延期；推迟 /pəˈspəʊn/____________ 3. 片，薄片 /slaɪs/____________ 4. 简单的，朴素的 /pleɪn/____________ 5. 伤疤 /skɑː(r)/____________ 6. 永远 /fəˈrevə(r)/____________ 7. 格言，谚语 /ˈseɪɪŋ/____________ 8. 商品 /ɡʊdz/____________ 9. 图解；示意图 /ˈdaɪəɡræm/____________ 10. 无线网络 /ˈwaɪ faɪ/____________ 答案 1.click 2. postpone 3. slice 4. plain 5. scar 6. forever 7. saying 8. goods 9. diagram 10. wi-fi 二、英译汉检测 1. site /saɪt/ ____________ 2. pour /pɔː(r)/ ____________ 3. gram /ɡræm/ ____________ 4. destiny /ˈdestəni/ ____________ 5. excerpt /ˈeksɜːpt/ ____________ 6. prefer /prɪˈfɜː(r)/ ____________ 7. passion /ˈpæʃn/ ____________ 8. humour /ˈhjuːmə(r)/ ____________ 9. drag /dræɡ/ ____________ 10. scene /siːn/ ____________ 答案 1.网站 2. 灌，注，倒 3. 克 4. 命运 5. 摘录，节录 6.更喜欢 7. 激情 8. 幽默感 9. 拖，拉 10. 场景；现场 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. I have a ______ (prefer) for quiet countryside. 答案：preference 解析：a 后接名词，意为 “偏爱” 2. The ______ (advance) technology changes our life greatly. 答案：advanced 解析：形容词修饰 technology，意为 “先进的” 3. He ______ (acquire) rich experience after ten years’ work. 答案：acquired 解析：事情发生在过去，使用过去式 4. The news ______ (prove) to be true at last. 答案：proved 解析：prove to be 证明是，过去式表过去发生 5. Her smile brought me great ______ (comfortable). 答案：comfort 解析：great 修饰名词 comfort（安慰） 6. You need more ______ (patient) when teaching kids. 答案：patience 解析：more 后接名词 patience（耐心） 7. He felt ______ (anxiety) before the exam. 答案：anxious 解析：feel 后接形容词作表语 8. The ______ (distant) between us made us miss each other. 答案：distance 解析：the 后接名词 distance（距离） 9. The speech is very ______ (inspire). 答案：inspiring 解析：修饰事物，意为 “鼓舞人心的” 10. The ______ (surround) environment is clean and beautiful. 答案：surrounding 解析：形容词修饰 environment，意为 “周围的” UNIT 5　Into the wild 基础梳理・自主精练——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 　　　　　　　　 1.crash v.暴跌,碰撞 2.encounter n. & vt.意外地遇见,邂逅 3.capture v. (用文字或图片)记录,捕捉 4.image n.图像,影像 5.file n.档案,文件 　　　　　　　 6.element n.基本部分,要素 7.position n.位置 8.charity n.慈善机构, 慈善团体 9.professor n.教授 10.per prep.每 　　　　　　　 11.creature n.生物,动物 12.whale n.鲸 13.eagle n.鹰 14.Atlantic adj.大西洋的 15.monarch n.君主,国王 知识点2 热点词形转换 1.annual adj.一年一度的,每年的→annually adv.每年一次,一年一度 2.migrate v.迁徙,移栖→migration n.迁徙 3.seek vt. & vi.寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求;征求;试图;企图→seeker n.追求者→sought/sought/seeking(过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 4.measure vt.量,测量;判断;衡量linking v. (尺寸、长短、数量等的)量度为　n.措施;方法→measurement n.测量;衡量;尺寸→measurable adj.可测量的;显著的→measurably adv.显著地→measured adj.缓慢谨慎的;慎重的 5.determine vt.测定,确定,决定→determined adj.有决心的;坚定的→determination n.决心;决定→determinant n.决定性因素 6.eventually adv.终于,最终→eventual adj.最后的;最终的 7.solution n.解决,解决方法→solve vt.解决 8.mystery n.难以理解的事物,谜→mysterious adj.神秘的;不易解释的 9.amazing adj.惊人的,了不起的→amazingly adv.令人惊异地→amazed adj.惊奇的;惊喜的→amaze vt.使惊异→amazement n.惊奇,惊诧 10.destroy v.破坏,毁掉→destruction n.毁坏;毁灭→destructive adj.破坏(或毁灭)性的→destroyed/destroyed/destroying (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 11.chemical n.化学品→chemistry n.化学→chemist n.化学家;药剂师 12.survive v.活下来,幸存;艰难度过;比……活(或存在)的时间长→survival n.幸存;生还→survivor n.幸存者;生还者→surviving adj.幸存的;残存的;健在的 13.effect n.影响,结果→effective adj.有效的→ ineffective adj.无效的 14.accommodation n.住处,工作场所→accommodate vt.为……提供住处　容纳;使适应 15.idiom n.习语,成语→idiomatic adj.包含习语的;表达方式地道的 16.authority n.当权,权力;权威→authoritative adj.权威性的;命令式的;专断的→authorise/-ize vt.授权 17.source n.来源;出处　 vt.从(某地)获取;找出……的来源→sourced adj.有来源的,有出处的 18.found v.创立,创建→founder n.创建者→founded/founded (过去式/过去分词) 19.photographer n.摄影师→photograph vt.摄影　n.照片→photography n.摄影;摄影术 20.recover v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复→recovery n.恢复;痊愈 21.shock n.吃惊,震惊;令人震惊的事;休克　vt. (使)震惊→shocked adj.震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shockingly adv.惊人地;非常地;极坏地 22.variety n.多样化,变化→vary vi.不同;变化→various adj.不同的;各种各样的→varied adj.多变的→variation n.变化,变更,变异 23.concentrate v.专注,专心　 (使)浓缩→concentration n.集中;专心　浓度;含量→concentrated adj.集中的　浓缩的;全力以赴的 24.freeze v.突然停止,呆住　vt.使定格;冷冻贮藏;冷藏　vi. & vt.结冰;(使)冻住;(使)冻死→froze/frozen (过去式/过去分词)→freezing adj.极冷的;冰冻的;冰点以下的→frozen adj.冻僵的;冷藏的;结冰的;吓呆的;惊呆的 25.reaction n.起反应→react vi.起反应,起化学反应→reactive adj.反应的;回应的;能起化学反应的;易反应的 知识点3 必记一词多义 1.seek vt.& vi. (sought, sought, seeking) ①寻找;寻求;争取　②(向人)请求;征求　③试图;企图　 attempt seek jobs/advice/help/assistance寻找工作/征求建议/寻求帮助 seek one’s fortune寻找成功致富之路;闯世界 seek out找出;找到 seek to do sth.试图做某事 ①With some problems with my English, I have no choice but to seek your advice.我的英语有些问题,我只得征求你的意见。(求助信) ②We yelled at the bear, seeking to scare (scare) it away.我们朝熊大喊大叫,试图把熊吓跑。(浙江高考续写) 2.measure vt. ①量;测量　②估量　 assess　③衡量　linking v. ④(长度、宽度、数量等的)量度为　n. ⑤措施;方法 1)measure ... by ...用……来衡量…… be measured by/in ...用……来衡量/计算 measure sb. for sth.给某人量(衣服)尺寸 2)take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事 make sth. to sb.’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物 in large measure在很大程度上 ①My progress is in large measure due to your patient guidance.我的进步在很大程度上要归功于你耐心的指导。(感谢信) ②It is high time that effective measures were taken to protect the ocean from pollution.是时候采取有效措施阻止海洋被污染了。(2022·全国甲卷短文) ③We rode along the river measuring (measure) over 500 meters long until we finally reached the farm.我们沿着这条长500多米的河骑马前行,最后到了农场。(浙江高考续写) 3.determine vt. ①测定;查明　②确定　③决心;决定　 decide, make up one’s mind 1)with determination坚决地 2)determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事 determine to do sth.决定做某事(表示动作) be determined by由……决定 3)be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态) ①Amazed at their fluent oral English, I was determined to be (be) as good.他们流利的英语口语让我惊叹不已,我决心也要学得一样好。(短文) ②Sports teach us to accept challenges and face difficulties with determination.运动教会我们接受挑战,坚定地面对困难。(短文·体育) ③I walked confidently towards the classroom, determined to make a change.我自信地走向教室,决心做出改变。 4.survive vi. ①活下来　vt. ②幸存;艰难度过　③比……活得长 1)survive on靠……生存;靠……维持生活 survive sth.幸免于某事;从某事中挺过来,活过来 survive sb.by+时间段　比某人多活…… 2)survive from ... as ...作为……从……留存下来 ①The ancient building survived from the Tang Dynasty as a museum.这栋古建筑从唐朝留存至今被用作了博物馆。(短文) ②Life isn’t about how to survive storms, but how to dance in the rain.生活不在于如何挺过暴雨,而在于如何在风雨中力求欢乐。(续写主旨升华) 5.effect n. ①影响;结果　 impact, influence　②效果 have an effect on ...对……有影响 come into effect/take effect生效;起作用 bring/put ... into effect使……生效 be of no effect无效果的 in effect实际上;事实上;有效 side effect副作用 ①During Li Bai’s lifetime, he wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which have a great effect on Chinese culture. 李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌,对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。(人物介绍短文) ②Hopefully, my suggestions will soon be put into effect to address these problems.为解决这些问题,希望我的建议不久会付诸实施。(建议信) 6.variety n. ①多样化;变化　②(植物、语言等的)变体;异体 1)a variety of/varieties of各种各样的 2)vary from ... to .../between ... and ...从……到……变化/不等 vary with随着……变化 vary in在……方面不同 ①There was an exhibition showcasing varieties of/various AI-powered devices and projects undertaken by our students.展览展示了我们学生承担的各种人工智能设备和课题。(报道) ②Views on online learning vary from person to person.不同的人对网络学习有不同的看法。(发言稿) 7.concentrate vi.& vt. ①专注;专心　②(使)聚集于　 (使)浓缩　n. ③浓缩液;浓缩物 1)concentrate on (doing) sth. 集中精力于(做)某事;全神贯注于(做)某事 concentrate sth. on (doing) sth.集中……于(做)某事 2)be concentrated in/at集中在…… ①It is beneficial to concentrate your efforts on improving your oral English.集中精力提高你的英语口语很有益。(建议信) ②Personally, no one can succeed without hard work and concentration (concentrate).依我看,要成功必须努力和专注。 8.freeze vi. ①突然停住;呆住　vi.&vt. ②结冰;(使)冻住;(使)冻死　vt. ③冷冻;冷藏　 定格 1)freeze to death冻死 freeze in fear/terror/horror吓呆 freeze one’s blood令人毛骨悚然 2)be frozen to death冻死 be frozen with fear/terror/horror/shock吓呆/惊呆 3)freezing point冰点 ①The smile froze on her lips as he froze the picture on the screen.当他把屏幕上的画面定格时,她脸上的笑容僵住了。 ②He strode over to the sofa where Dudley sat frozen (freeze) with fear.他大步走到沙发跟前,达力坐在那里吓傻了。 ③It was a freezing cold winter evening and freezing fog hung in the air.这是一个非常寒冷的冬夜,空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾。(续写环境描写) 9.shock n. ①吃惊;震惊;休克;令人震惊的事　vt. ②(使) 震惊 1)shock sb.使某人震惊 2)be/come as a shock to sb.让某人非常震惊 in shock吃惊地;震惊地 be frozen with shock惊呆 3)be shocked at sth.对某事感到震惊 be shocked to do sth.因做某事而感到震惊 ①What shocks (shock) us most is that the ocean is becoming severely polluted.最令我们震惊的是,海洋正受到严重污染。(2022·全国甲卷短文) ②She stared at him, frozen with shock.她惊呆了,直瞪着他。 ③“Hagrid!”said Harry, shocked to see Hagrid shaking with grief, great tears leaking down into his beard.“海格!”哈利说。他十分震惊地看到海格因悲哀而颤抖,大滴的眼泪渗进他的胡须。 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 暴跌，碰撞 /kræʃ/____________ 2. 意外遇见 /ɪnˈkaʊntə(r)/____________ 3. 记录，捕捉 /ˈkæptʃə(r)/____________ 4. 图像，影像 /ˈɪmɪdʒ/____________ 5. 档案，文件 /faɪl/____________ 6. 基本部分，要素 /ˈelɪmənt/____________ 7. 位置 /pəˈzɪʃn/____________ 8. 慈善机构 /ˈtʃærəti/____________ 9. 教授 /prəˈfesə(r)/____________ 10. 每 /pɜː(r)/____________ 答案 1.crash 2. encounter 3. capture 4. image 5. file 6. element 7. position 8. charity 9. professor 10. per 二、英译汉检测 1. creature /ˈkriːtʃə(r)/ ____________ 2. whale /weɪl/ ____________ 3. eagle /ˈiːɡl/ ____________ 4. Atlantic /ətˈlæntɪk/ ____________ 5. monarch /ˈmɒnək/ ____________ 6. migrate /maɪˈɡreɪt/ ____________ 7. mystery /ˈmɪstri/ ____________ 8. chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ ____________ 9. source /sɔːs/ ____________ 10. shock /ʃɒk/ ____________ 答案 1.生物，动物 2. 鲸 3. 鹰 4. 大西洋的 5. 君主，国王 6. 迁徙 7. 谜，神秘事物 8. 化学品 9. 来源；出处 10. 震惊；使震惊 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Birds start their ______ (migrate) every autumn. 答案：migration 解析：形容词性物主代词后接名词 “迁徙” 2. We must take ______ (measure) to protect wild animals. 答案：measures 解析：固定搭配 take measures to do 采取措施做某事 3. He is ______ (determine) to study biology well. 答案：determined 解析：固定搭配 be determined to do 决心做某事 4. Only a few people ______ (survive) the big fire. 答案：survived 解析：火灾是过去事件，使用过去式 5. The new rule takes ______ (effect) next month. 答案：effect 解析：固定搭配 take effect 生效 6. There are a wide ______ (vary) of plants in the forest. 答案：variety 解析：固定搭配 a variety of 各种各样的 7. Please ______ (concentrate) your mind on the task. 答案：concentrate 解析：please 后接动词原形 8. She ______ (freeze) with fear when seeing the snake. 答案：froze 解析：动作发生在过去，freeze 过去式 froze 9. The news ______ (shock) all the students yesterday. 答案：shocked 解析：yesterday 提示使用过去式 10. We need to find different ______ (solve) to the problem. 答案：solutions 解析：different 后接名词复数 solutions（解决办法） UNIT 6　At one with nature 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 　　　　　　 1.shallow adj.浅的 2.steep adj.陡的,陡峭的 3.crop n.庄稼,作物 4.dynasty n.朝代 5.therefore adv.因此,由此 6.canyon n.峡谷 7.valley n.谷,山谷 8.channel n.海峡 9.tunnel n.隧道 　　　　　　　 10.reef n.礁 11.basin n.盆地,低洼地 12.waterfall n.瀑布 13.barrier n.障碍,壁垒 14.inside adv.在……内 15.camel n.骆驼 16.mineral n.矿物,矿产 17.branch n.树枝 18.sunflower n.向日葵 　　　　　　 19.rooftop n.屋顶 20.platform n.高台,平台 21.climate n.气候 22.sheet n. (冰或水等的)一大片 23.soil n.土壤 24.terrace n.梯田 25.herb n. (用于调味)香草 26.vapour n.蒸气 27.organism n.生物,有机体 知识点2 热点词形转换 1.wrap vt.包,裹;(用手臂等)围住→wrapped/wrapped/wrapping (过去式/过去分词/现在分词)→ unwrap vt.拆开(包装)→wrapper n.外包装→wrapping n.包装材料 2.frost n.霜→frosty adj.有霜的 3.completion n.完成,结束→complete adj.完整的;全部的　vt.完成→completely adv.完全地;彻底地→completeness n.完整;完全 4.region n.地区,区域→regional adj.地区的,区域的 5.prevent vt.阻挡,防止→prevention n.阻挡,防止→preventive adj.防备的;预防性的 6.harmony n.融洽相处,和谐→harmonious adj.和谐的;融洽的→harmoniously adv.和谐地 7.design vt.设计;构思;计划;筹划;意欲　n.设计;设计方案→designer n.设计师　 adj.由著名设计师设计的;名牌的 8.harm vt. & n.伤害,损害→harmful adj.有害的→ harmless adj.无害的 9.agriculture n.农业→agricultural adj.农业的 10.material n.材料;布料;素材　adj.物质的;实际的→materially adv.实质地;物质上→materialise/-ize vt.实现;突然出现 11.replace v.以……替换,更换;代替;取代;把……放回原处→replacement n.取代,代替 12.consumer n.消费者→consume v.消耗,耗费→consumption n.消费,消耗 13.priority n.优先处理的事,当务之急→prior adj.先前的;优先的→prioritize vt.优先处理;划分优先顺序 14.beauty n.美;美丽;美人→beautiful adj.美丽的→beautify v.美化 15.structure n.结构,构造,组织　 vt.系统安排;精心组织→structural adj.结构上的→structured adj.有结构的;有组织的 16.observatory n.天文台,观象台→observe v.观察;监视→observation n.观察;观测 17.grand adj.宏伟的,壮丽的→grandness n.壮大;伟大;宏伟 18.narrow adj.狭窄的,不宽的　vt.使变狭窄→narrowly adv.狭窄地,不宽地;勉强地 19.thunder vi.打雷;轰隆隆地响;轰隆隆地快速移动　 vi.怒喝;大声斥责n.雷声;轰隆声→thunderous adj.雷鸣般的,怒容满面的 20.desert n.沙漠,荒漠　vt.抛弃→deserted adj.无人居住的;被抛弃的;被舍弃的 21.sail vi. (乘船)航行→sailor n.海员→sailing n.航海 22.living adj.活的,活着的　n.生活;生计→live vi.活着,存活;居住　vt.& vi.生活　adj.活的;现场直播的,现场表演的 23.publish vt.出版→publication n.出版;发表→publishing n.出版(业);发行(业)→publisher n.出版商;出版社→unpublished adj.未出版的;未发表的 24.limited adj.有限的→limit n. & vt.限制→ limitless adj.无限制的→limitation n.限制;局限;限度 25.benefit n.好处,益处　vt.使受益　vi.得益于→beneficial adj.有益的,有利的→beneficially adv.有益地 26.energy n.力量,活力→energetic adj.精力充沛的→energetically adv.精力充沛地→energize vt.使活跃;使精力充沛;激励 27.rent vt.租用,租借　vi.租用;租金为　n.租金→rented adj.租用的→rental n.出租;租赁;租金 28.system n.系统→systematic adj.系统的→systematically adv.系统地 29.pleasant adj.令人愉快的;宜人的→please vt.使愉快;使满意→pleasing adj.令人愉快的→pleased adj.高兴的;满意的→pleasure n.愉快;高兴;乐事 30.flavour n.味,味道→flavoured adj.有……味道的;添加了味道的 31.expert adj.内行的,专家的　n.专家;行家→expertise n.专门知识/技能;专长 知识点3 必记一词多义 1.design vt. ①设计;构思　②计划;筹划　③意欲　n. ④设计　⑤设计方案;图案　 pattern　⑥意图 1)be designed for ...为……而设计 be designed to do ...目的是…… be designed as ...被设计成…… 2)by design故意地(intentionally) ①The column is designed to offer students a platform to voice our views and share our experiences.该栏目旨在为学生们提供一个表达思想和分享经历的平台。(栏目介绍) ②The expert pushed him by design, making him annoyed.那个专家故意推他,使他生气。(续写情感描写) 2.harm n.& vt. 伤害;损害 1)harm sth.损害某物 harm one’s health/image/reputation损害某人的健康/形象/名誉 2)do/cause harm to sb.=do/cause sb. harm对某人造成损害/伤害 There is no harm in doing sth.做某事没有坏处。 mean no harm没有恶意 3)be harmful to ...对……有害 ①What is known is that being addicted to cellphones does harm to/is harmful to/harms health.众所周知,沉溺于手机有害健康。(倡议书) ②I cupped my hand over the phone, whispering that I meant no harm.我用手捂住电话,低声告诉她我没有恶意。(续写动作+语言描写) ③He added sometimes there was no harm in putting (put) off some work until another day.他还说,有时把工作推到以后去做并没有什么坏处。 3.replace vt. ①以……替换;更换　②代替;取代　 take over, take the place of　③把……放回原处 1)replace ... with/by ...用……替换…… replace ... as ...取代……而成为…… be replaced by被……替换/取代 2)take the place of sb.=take sb.’s place代替某人 in place of代替 ①I replaced him as the leading role in the school drama, which came as a big shock to the class.我代替他成为学校戏剧中的主角,这让全班同学大为震惊。(续写情感描写) ②Lost wealth may be replaced (replace) by industry, but lost time is gone forever.失去的财富可由勤奋而恢复,但失去的时间却一去不复返。(续写主旨升华) 4.limited adj. 有限的　limit n. 限制;限度　vt. 限制;限定　 restrict 1)be limited to ...仅限于…… 2)limit ... to ...把……限制在……内 3)without limit无限制地 set a limit on ...对……规定限度 there is a/no limit to ...对……是有限/无限的 ①There is a limit to one’s life, but there is no limit to serving (serve) the people.人的生命是有限的,可是为人民服务是无限的。 ②Without friends, your world would be limited (limit) to wilderness.没有朋友,你的世界将局限于一片荒芜。(续写主旨升华) 5.benefit n. 好处;益处　 福利　vt. 使受益　vi. 得益于 1)benefit from/by ...从……中受益;得益于…… benefit sb.对某人有益 2)be of (great) benefit to ...=be (very) beneficial to ...对……(非常)有益;(非常)有益于…… for the benefit of ...为了……的利益 ①For students, what is most beneficial to/is of great benefit to their study is reading English books.对学生来说,最有利于他们学习的是读英文书。(2022·全国乙卷短文) ②Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind.遗产保护是造福全人类的首要议程。(演讲稿) ③It never occurred to him that his small act of kindness would benefit him so much.他从来没有想到这个小小的善举会让他受益良多。(续写主旨升华) 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1. 浅的 /ˈʃæləʊ/____________ 2. 陡峭的 /stiːp/____________ 3. 庄稼，作物 /krɒp/____________ 4. 朝代 /ˈdaɪnəsti/____________ 5. 因此 /ˈðeəfɔː(r)/____________ 6. 峡谷 /kæˈnjən/____________ 7. 山谷 /ˈvæli/____________ 8. 海峡 /ˈtʃænl/____________ 9. 隧道 /ˈtʌnl/____________ 10. 礁石 /riːf/____________ 答案 1.shallow 2. steep 3. crop 4. dynasty 5. therefore 6.canyon 7. valley 8. channel 9. tunnel 10. reef 二、英译汉检测 1. basin /ˈbeɪsn/ ____________ 2. waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ ____________ 3. barrier /ˈbæriə(r)/ ____________ 4. camel /ˈkæml/ ____________ 5. mineral /ˈmɪnərəl/ ____________ 6. branch /brɑːntʃ/ ____________ 7. rooftop /ˈruːftɒp/ ____________ 8. terrace /ˈterəs/ ____________ 9. climate /ˈklaɪmət/ ____________ 10. soil /sɔɪl/ ____________ 答案 1.盆地，低洼地 2. 瀑布 3. 障碍，壁垒 4. 骆驼 5. 矿物，矿产 6.树枝 7. 屋顶 8. 梯田 9. 气候 10. 土壤 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The house is specially ______ (design) for the old. 答案：designed 解析：被动语态 be designed for 专为…… 设计 2. Smoking does great ______ (harm) to your health. 答案：harm 解析：固定搭配 do harm to 对…… 有害 3. We will ______ (replace) the old machines soon. 答案：replace 解析：will 后接动词原形 4. Our time is ______ (limit), so we must hurry up. 答案：limited 解析：形容词作表语，意为 “有限的” 5. Reading is ______ (benefit) to teenagers. 答案：beneficial 解析：固定搭配 be beneficial to 对…… 有益 6. The young man is full of ______ (energetic). 答案：energy 解析：介词 of 后接名词 energy（精力） 7. This ______ (system) can save lots of time. 答案：system 解析：this 后接单数名词 8. We spent a ______ (please) afternoon by the lake. 答案：pleasant 解析：形容词修饰 afternoon，宜人的 9. He is an ______ (expert) on traditional farming. 答案：expert 解析：an 后接单数名词，专家 10. We should live in ______ (harmonious) with nature. 答案：harmony 解析：固定搭配 live in harmony with 与…… 和谐共处 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清单01 外研版必修一词汇 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 UNIT 1　A new start 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 UNIT 2　Exploring English 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 UNIT 3　Family matters 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 UNIT 4　Friends forever 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 UNIT 5　Into the wild 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 UNIT 6　At one with nature 基础梳理·自主夯基 知识点1 教材词汇识记 | 知识点2 热点词形转换 | 知识点3 必记熟词生义 重难突破·考向精练 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 UNIT 1　A new start 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 　　　　　 1.gain vt.获得;赢得　n.好处;增加 2.figure v.认为,以为　n.数字;人物 3.forward adv.向前　 vt.促进;增进 4.former adj.从前的 5.facility n.设施　场所 　　　　　 6.engine n.发动机,引擎 7.band n.乐队;乐团 8.poster n.海报 9.journal n.日记;日志 10.author n.作者,作家 　　　　　　　 11.committee n.委员会 12.insect n.昆虫 13.dolphin n.海豚 14.dinosaur n.恐龙 15.badminton n.羽毛球 知识点2 热点词形转换 1. curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的→________ adv. 好奇地；奇怪地→________ n. 好奇心；珍品 2. impression n. 印象→________ vt. 给…… 留下深刻印象→________ adj. 令人印象深刻→________ adv. 令人敬佩地 3. tradition n. 传统→________ adj. 传统→________ adv. 传统上 4. eagerness n. 渴望→________ adj. 热切的→________ adv. 热切地 5. explore v. 探索→________ n. 探险家→________ n. 探索 6. collection n. 收藏品→________ v. 收集→________ n. 收藏家→________ adj. 集体的 7. organise vt. 组织→________ n. 组织者→________ n. 组织→________ adj. 有条理的→________ adj. 杂乱无章的 8. breathe v. 呼吸→________ n. 呼吸→________ adj. 气喘吁吁→________ adv. 气喘吁吁地 9. panic v./n. 惊慌→________ adj. 惊慌的 10. challenge n. 挑战→________ n. 挑战者→________ adj. 有挑战性→________ adj. 不容置疑的 11. pressure n. 压力→________ vt. 按压→________ adj. 紧迫的 12. calm adj. 镇静的→________ adv. 镇静地→________ n. 镇静 13. description n. 描述→________ vt. 描述→________ adj. 描述性的 14. confident adj. 自信的→________ adv. 自信地→________ n. 信心 15. senior adj. 高年级的→________ adj. 低年级的 16. drama n. 戏剧→________ adj. 戏剧化的→________ adv. 剧烈地→________ n. 剧作家 17. debate v. 辩论→________ adj. 有争议的→________ n. 辩手 18. gym n. 健身房→________ n. 体操 19. piano n. 钢琴→________ n. 钢琴家 20. photography n. 摄影→________ n. 照片→________ n. 摄影师 21. argue v. 争论→________ n. 争吵→________ adj. 可论证的→________ adv. 按理 22. sharp adj. 敏锐的→________ adv. 急剧地→________ vt. 削尖 23. intelligent adj. 聪明的→________ n. 智力 24. investigate v. 调查→________ n. 调查→________ n. 调查者 25. various adj. 各种各样的→________ vi. 变化→________ n. 多样性→________ adj. 多变的 26. volunteer n. 志愿者→________ adj. 志愿的→________ adv. 自愿地 27. apply v. 申请→________ n. 申请表→________ n. 申请人 28. schedule n. 日程→________ adj. 预定的→________ vt. 重新安排 29. subscribe vi. 订阅→________ n. 订阅→________ n. 订户 30. view n. 景色；看法→________ n. 观众 31. graduate v. 毕业→________ n. 毕业 32. frighten vt. 使害怕→________ adj. 受惊的→________ adj. 吓人的→________ n. 惊吓 33. sight n. 视力→________ adj. 看得见的→________ adj. 失明的 34. select v. 挑选→________ n. 选择→________ adj. 有选择性的 35. particular adj. 特别的→________ adv. 特别地 36. neat adj. 整洁的→________ adv. 整齐地→________ n. 整洁→________ vt. 整理 37. specific adj. 具体的→________ adv. 具体地 38. refer v. 参考→________ n. 参考 39. struggle v. 拼搏→________ adj. 苦苦挣扎的 40. memorise vt. 熟记→________ n. 记忆→________ adj. 难忘的 41. improve v. 改善→________ adj. 改良的→________ n. 改进 42. rate v. 评价→________ n. 等级→________ adj. 被低估的 43. performance n. 表演→________ v. 表演；履行→________ n. 演员 44. exchange v./n. 交换→________ adj. 可兑换的 知识点3 必记一词多义 curious adj. ①好奇的;求知欲强的　 inquisitive　②奇异的;奇怪的 1)be curious about对……好奇 be curious to do好奇地做 It is curious that ...……真奇怪/很反常。 2)with curiosity好奇地 out of curiosity出于好奇 arouse/satisfy one’s curiosity激起/满足某人的好奇心 ①Jane turned toward the boys, wide-eyed, curious to see what was going on.简转向男孩子们,睁大了眼睛,好奇地想看看发生了什么事。(续写情感描写) ②My ________ (curious) got the better of me and I peeped inside.我抑制不住好奇心,向里边窥视。 impression n. 印象;感想 1)make/leave a(n) ... impression on ...给……留下……的印象 2)impress sb. with/by sth.用某物给某人留下深刻印象 impress sth. on/upon sb.使某人意识到…… 3)be impressed by/with ...对……印象深刻 be impressed on one’s mind被印在某人脑海里 ①A thousand words will not leave so deep an ________ (impress) as one deed.千言万语不如一个行动。(续写主旨升华) ②What impressed me most is the sunlight reflecting off the lake and the gentle breeze.湖面反射的阳光,和煦的微风最让我印象深刻。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷分享信) ③That cold but impressive evening impressed ________ me that his kindness had got me to my destination and created a bond of friendship.那个寒冷但令人印象深刻的夜晚使我意识到,他的善良既把我送到了目的地又建立了友谊的纽带。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写升华) breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸　vt. 呼出　 低声说 1)breathe in/out吸气/呼气 breathe a sigh of relief如释重负;松了口气 2)hold one’s breath屏住呼吸;屏息 catch one’s breath喘息;平复呼吸 lose one’s breath喘不过气来 take a deep breath深呼吸 take sb.’s breath away令人惊叹 out of breath喘不上气,透不过气来 ①Out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain, from where the view took our breath ________.我们上气不接下气地到了山顶,从山顶眺望,景色美得令人惊叹。(续写环境描写) ②Harry leaned against the wall, breathing deeply, listening to their footsteps dying away.哈利靠在墙上,深深地吸气,听着他们的脚步声渐渐远去。(续写动作描写) panic n. 惊恐;惊慌　vi.& vt. (使)惊慌　(panicked, panicked, panicking) 1)in panic惊慌失措地 get into a panic惊慌失措 2)panic sb. into doing sth.使仓惶行事;使仓促行动 panic at/about/over ...因……惊慌 ①Everyone started laughing. I looked at them ________ panic.大家笑了起来。我惊慌失措地看着他们。(续写情感描写) ②Panic consumed/seized her./She ________ (panic). She felt her blood freeze.她惊慌失措,感觉血液都凝固了。(续写情感描写) confident adj. 有信心的;自信的 1)be confident about ...对……有信心/有把握 be confident of (doing) sth.对(做)某事有把握/自信 2)have/lose/lack confidence in sb.对某人有/失去/缺乏信心 with confidence有把握地;满怀信心地 ①I feel confident of winning in the coming football game.我有把握在即将到来的足球赛中取胜。(告知信) ②The most beautiful thing you can wear is ________ (confident).你能穿在身上最美的东西就是自信。(续写主旨升华) ③Taking a deep breath, David rose and walked to the track confidently/________ confidence.大卫深吸了一口气,站起身来,信心十足地走向跑道。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) argue vt.& vi. ①争论;争辩　②论证　③证明;表明 1)argue for/against据理主张/反对 argue with sb.on/about/over sth.与某人争辩某事 argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 2)beyond argument无可争辩 have an argument with sb. (about/over sth.) (针对某事)与某人争吵 get into an argument争吵起来;陷入争论 ①It is ________ argument that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.毋庸置疑,长城是中国的象征。(推荐信) ②I thought I could argue my parents into allowing me to use my money as I wished.我原以为我能说服我的父母允许我按照我自己的意愿花钱。(浙江高考续写) ③As they argued ________ each other in whispers, Harry moved around the room, only half listening.他们小声争论,哈利在屋里走来走去,漫不经心地听着。(续写场景描写) apply vi.& vt. ①申请;请求　vt. ②应用　③涂;敷　vi. ④(对……)适用　 vt. 努力学习;勤奋工作;手压;脚踩 apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请…… apply to do sth.申请做某事 apply ... to ...把……应用于……;涂/敷/擦……到……上 apply to ...适用于…… apply oneself to (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事 ①I’m writing to apply for the voluntary job, which I think I am qualified for.我写信申请这个志愿工作,我认为我能够胜任该工作。(申请信) ②My mind travelled back to the days when I applied myself to creating Revere’s horse.我的思绪回到了我全身心创作里维尔的马的日子。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷续写) ③With a delicate touch, he applied an ice pack to Jeff’s injury, and calmed Jeff with comforting words.他轻轻地把冰袋敷在杰夫的伤口上,并用安慰的话安抚杰夫。(续写动作描写) struggle vi. ①奋斗;拼搏　②斗争　 vi. 艰难地行走　n. 奋斗;拼搏;斗争;难事 1)struggle for ...为……而斗争/奋斗 struggle with/against sb./sth.与某人/某事做斗争 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来 2)It is a struggle (for sb.) to do sth. (对于某人而言)做某事真是难事。 ①Despite many attempts, I still find it ________ struggle to cook a tasty meal.尽管尝试多次,我仍然觉得做好一顿美味的饭菜绝非易事。(2023·全国乙卷短文) ②Seeing Tom struggle out of his wheelchair, she struggled ________ (hold) back her tears.看着汤姆艰难地下了轮椅,她竭力忍住不哭。(续写动作和神态描写) exchange vt. ①交流(意见、信息等)　②交换;更换;兑换　n. ③交换;交流　④调换;兑换　 交谈 1)in exchange (for ...)作为(对……的)交换;用来交换…… an exchange of ...……的交流/交换 2)exchange A for B以A换取/兑换B exchange sth. with sb.与某人交换某物 exchange ideas/greetings/looks/glances with sb.与某人交流思想/与某人打招呼/与某人相互看了看 ①What is needed is ________ frank exchange of views.需要的是坦诚地交换意见。(建议信) ②After we exchanged our phone numbers, I boarded the bus and gave a huge wave to him.我们交换了电话号码后,我上了公共汽车,向他使劲儿挥了挥手。(动作链) (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写) ③Noah exchanged a look with Fagin, and darted out.诺亚和费金对视一眼,然后冲了出去。(续写神态描写) view n. ①(一次)观看　②视野　③景色　④看法　vt. ⑤看;观看　⑥欣赏　⑦看待 1)have/get a good view of ...清楚地看到;饱览 come into view进入视野;看得见 in view看得见 in view of由于;鉴于;考虑到 in one’s view/from one’s point of view在某人看来 2)view ... as ...把……看作…… be viewed as ...被看作…… ①On the way to the farm, attractive scenery came ________ view, and you could imagine how thrilled we were.在去农场的路上,迷人的景色映入眼帘,你可以想象一下我们有多么兴奋。(续写写景) ②There was nobody ________ view except some sheep in the grassland.草原上看不到一个人,只能看到几只羊。(续写写景) ③With the mind trick in mind, Eva stopped viewing the building ________ a headache.伊娃想着心理策略,不再把大楼当作让她头疼的事。(2024·浙江高考1月续写) figure vt. ①认为,以为;认定　②计算　n. ③人物　④数字　⑤身材　⑥画像 1)figure out弄清楚;理解;计算出 figure that ...认为…… 2)keep one’s figure保持体形 have a good figure身材好 a political/public/leading figure 一位政治/公众/领军人物 ①Among the Chinese historical ________ (figure) that are widely acknowledged, Su Shi is the most influential one in my view.在我看来,在广为人知的中国历史人物中,苏轼是最有影响力的。(短文写人) ②Pacing back and forth, I shook my head trying to figure ________ what to do.我来回走着,摇着头,想弄清楚该做什么。(续写动作描写) 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 获得；赢得；好处 /ɡeɪn/____________ 2. 认为；数字；人物 /ˈfɪɡə(r)/____________ 3. 向前；促进 /ˈfɔːwəd/____________ 4. 从前的 /ˈfɔːmə(r)/____________ 5. 设施；场所 /fəˈsɪləti/____________ 6. 发动机，引擎 /ˈendʒɪn/____________ 7. 乐队；乐团 /bænd/____________ 8. 海报 /ˈpəʊstə(r)/____________ 9. 日记；日志 /ˈdʒɜːnl/____________ 10. 作者，作家 /ˈɔːθə(r)/____________ 二、英译汉检测 1. committee /kəˈmɪti/ ____________ 2. insect /ˈɪnsekt/ ____________ 3. dolphin /ˈdɒlfɪn/ ____________ 4. dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsɔː(r)/ ____________ 5. badminton /ˈbædmɪntən/ ____________ 6. drama /ˈdrɑːmə/ ____________ 7. debate /dɪˈbeɪt/ ____________ 8. gym /dʒɪm/ ____________ 9. piano /piˈænəʊ/ ____________ 10. photography /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/ ____________ 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Out of ______ (curious), she opened the box. 2. The speech left a deep ______ (impress) on us. 3. We are ______ (eager) to explore the new campus. 4. He is a famous ______ (explore) travelling around the world. 5. The ______ (collect) of old photos took him ten years. 6. She is good at ______ (organise) after-school activities. 7. He felt ______ (panic) after losing his way. 8. This task is really ______ (challenge) for freshmen. 9. Too much ______ (press) makes him anxious every day. 10. He spoke ______ (calm) to comfort the frightened child. UNIT 2　Exploring English 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 1.title n.题目,标题 2.contact v.联系,联络 3.subway n.地铁 4.highway n.公路 5.gas n.汽油,燃气　 petrol 6.apartment n.一套住房,公寓套房　 flat 7.boot n.靴子 8.section n.区域 9.downstairs adv.在楼下 　　　　　　　 10.downtown adj.在城镇中心区的,在闹市区的 11.ham n.火腿 12.eggplant n.茄子 13.pine n.松树 14.pineapple n.菠萝 知识点2 热点词形转换 1. sculpt v. 雕刻，雕塑→________ n. 雕塑作品，雕像→________ n. 雕刻家 2. homesick adj. 想家的→________ n. 思乡病，乡愁 3. opposing adj. 对立的→________ vt. 反对→________ adj. 反对的→________ n. 反对→________ adj. 相反的 prep. 在…… 对面 n. 对立面 4. behavior n. 举止行为→________ adj. 行为的→________ vi. 表现→________ vi. 行为不端→________ n. 不良行为 5. confusing adj. 令人困惑的→________ vt. 使困惑→________ adj. 感到困惑的→________ n. 混乱，混淆 6. unique adj. 独特的→________ adv. 独特地→________ n. 独特性 7. alarm n. 警报 vt. 使惊恐→________ adj. 感到害怕的→________ adj. 令人惊慌的 8. reflect v. 反映；反思→________ n. 映像；反思→________ adj. 沉思的；反光的 9. creativity n. 创造力→________ adj. 有创意的→________ adv. 创造性地→________ vt. 创造→________ n. 作品，创作 10. visible adj. 看得见的→________ adj. 看不见的→________ n. 能见度 11. type n. 类型 v. 打字→________ n. 打字 (文稿)→________ n. 打字员→________ n. 打字机 12. unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的→________ adj. 熟悉的→________ n. 熟悉 13. organization n. 组织→________ adj. 组织层面的→________ vt. 组织→________ adj. 有条理的→________ n. 组织者 14. likely adj./adv. 可能→________ adj./adv. 不可能→________ n. 可能性 15. resource n. 资源 vt. 提供资金→________ adj. 足智多谋的 16. context n. 上下文，语境→________ adj. 与语境相关的 17. addition n. 增加，加法→________ adj. 额外的→________ adv. 此外→________ v. 增加→________ adj. 附加的 18. misadventure n. 意外灾难→________ n. 冒险→________ adj. 爱冒险的→________ n. 冒险家 19. remind vt. 提醒，使想起→________ n. 提示物 20. entrance n. 入口→________ vi. 进入→________ n. 出口 v. 离开 21. actually adv. 事实上→________ adj. 实际的，真实的 22. odd adj. 古怪的→________ n. 概率，可能性→________ adv. 反常地 23. negative adj. 消极的→________ adj. 积极的→________ n. 消极性 24. error n. 错误→________ vi. 犯错 25. intend v. 打算→________ n. 意图→________ adj. 故意的→________ adv. 故意地→________ adv. 无意地 26. informal adj. 非正式的→________ adj. 正式的→________ adv. 正式地 27. recognise vt. 辨认；认可→________ n. 公认，认出→________ adj. 可辨认的→________ adj. 公认的 28. base v. 以…… 为基础→________ adj. 基于…… 的→________ adj. 基础的→________ adv. 基本上→________ n. 基础，准则 29. aware adj. 意识到的→________ adj. 未察觉的→________ n. 意识，认识 知识点3 必记一词多义 reflect vt. ①显示;反映　②反射(光、热、声音等)　③映出　vi.& vt. ④反思;回想;仔细考虑 1)be reflected in sth.某物映出…… reflect on/upon sth.思考某事;回忆某事 2)be lost in reflection陷入深思中 a reflection of ...……的反映/倒影 ①Don’t be afraid of mistakes. You have to learn by reflecting ________ them.不要害怕错误,你必须通过反思来学习。(建议信) ②He hung his head, lost in deep ________ (reflect).他低下了头,陷入沉思中。(续写动作描写) likely adj. 可能的,可能发生的　adv. 可能地 sb./sth. be likely/unlikely to do sth.某人/某物很可能/不可能做某事 It is likely/unlikely that ...有/不太可能…… ①Only by following these guidelines are we likely to maintain a focused learning environment.只有遵循这些指导原则,我们才有可能保持一个专注的学习环境。(2025·浙江高考1月演讲稿) ②________ is likely that a small gesture of care will melt people’s loneliness.一个表达关爱的小小举动可能会融化人们内心的孤单。(续写主旨升华) remind vt. 提醒;使……想起 remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 remind sb.of sth./sb.使某人想起某事/某人 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind (sb.) that/how/what ...提醒(某人)…… serve as a reminder作为提醒 ①On seeing my confused look, he explained,“It will remind me to be cautious.”看到我困惑的表情,他解释说:“这会提醒我要小心。” ②Whenever Mary looked up at the night sky, the twinkling stars would remind her ________ that unforgettable night, a night when she found comfort and courage. 每当玛丽抬头仰望夜空,闪烁的繁星就会让她想起那个难忘的夜晚,那个她找到安慰和勇气的夜晚。 ③It serves as a ________ (remind) that kindness and love will influence others and be rewarded and virtue is a reward itself.它提醒我们,善良和爱会影响他人并得到回报,而美德本身就是一种回报。(续写主旨升华) intend vt.& vi. 计划;打算;想要 1)intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth.本打算做某事 2)be intended for ...专为……而设计;专供……使用的 3)be intended to be/do ...为……打算(或设计)的 4)with an/the intention of ...打算…… have no intention to do sth.无意做某事 ①The race, ________ (intend) to strengthen our bodies, was highly thought of.这场旨在使我们强身健体的赛跑受到了高度评价。(报道) ②I benefit a lot from the column intended ________ teenagers interested in Western cultures.我从专门为对西方文化感兴趣的青少年设计的专栏中获益匪浅。(栏目介绍) ③I froze. It would ruin our friendship to say“No”, wouldn’t it? Honesty came first, but I had no intention ________ (refuse) him. 我愣住了,说“不”会毁了我们的友谊,不是吗?诚实第一,但我无意拒绝他。 recognise vt. ①认识;辨认出　②承认;意识到　③认可 1)recognise sb./one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音 be recognised to be/as ...被认为是…… It is (generally) recognised that ...人们公认…… 2)beyond/out of (all) recognition认不出来 in recognition of用以肯定 ①He is universally recognised ________ one of the greatest scientists in the world.他被认为是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。(介绍人物) ②Smiling in relief, I recognised that sometimes, the smallest act of kindness could go a long way.我如释重负地笑了,我意识到有时候,最小的善举也会大有帮助。(续写主旨升华) contact vt. 联络;联系　n. 联系;接触　 熟人,社会关系 1)contact sb.联系某人 2)be in/out of contact with ...与……有/失去联系 keep in contact with ...与……保持联系 lose/have/make contact with ...与……失去/取得联系 ①If you have any further questions, don’t hesitate to contact me.如果有其他问题,请立即与我联系。(回复信) ②I will make/have contact ________ you once I have some information about the activity.一旦有了与活动相关的信息,我就会联系你。(回复信) 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 题目，标题 /ˈtaɪtl/____________ 2. 联系，联络 /ˈkɒntækt/____________ 3. 地铁 /ˈsʌbweɪ/____________ 4. 公路 /ˈhaɪweɪ/____________ 5. 汽油，燃气 /ɡæs/____________ 6. 一套住房，公寓套房 /əˈpɑːtmənt/____________ 7. 靴子 /buːt/____________ 8. 区域 /ˈsekʃn/____________ 9. 在楼下 /ˌdaʊnˈsteəz/____________ 10. 在城镇中心区的 /ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/____________ 二、英译汉检测 1. ham /hæm/ ____________ 2. eggplant /ˈeɡplɑːnt/ ____________ 3. pine /paɪn/ ____________ 4. pineapple /ˈpaɪnæpl/ ____________ 5. sculpt /skʌlpt/ ____________ 6. unique /juˈniːk/ ____________ 7. alarm /əˈlɑːm/ ____________ 8. context /ˈkɒntekst/ ____________ 9. error /ˈerə(r)/ ____________ 10. odd /ɒd/ ____________ 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The story is quite ______ (confuse) for new students. 2. Everyone admires his ______ (create) thoughts. 3. The mountain is hardly ______ (visibility) on rainy days. 4. ______ (actual), I have never travelled abroad. 5. The ______ (organise) of the party took three whole days. 6. It is ______ (like) that he will refuse our plan. 7. I have no ______ (intend) to give up my hobby. 8. I failed to ______ (recognition) my primary school friend. 9. You should be ______ (awareness) of your own mistakes. 10. The two sides hold ______ (oppose) opinions. UNIT 3　Family matters 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 1.issue n.议题;争论的问题　vt.宣布;公布 2.career n.职业,事业 3.studio n. (音乐)录音室 4.court n.法院,法庭 5.curtain n. (舞台上的)幕;帷幕;窗帘 6.nowadays adv.现今,现时 7.somehow adv.用某种方法,不知怎的 8.series n.系列比赛 9.extra adj.额外的,另外的,附加的　 n.额外的事物;另外收费的事物 10.million num.一百万,许多,无数 11.despite prep.尽管,虽然 12.throughout prep.在整个期间,自始至终 13.onto prep.到……上,向……上,朝……上 14.indeed adv.当然;确实 15.sigh n.叹气,叹息(尤因厌烦、失望、疲惫等) 知识点2 热点词形转换 1.approach v. 走近；n. 方法→________ adj. 可接近的；和蔼可亲的 2.focus v. 集中；n. 焦点→________ adj. 专注的→________ adj. 无目标的 3.lawyer n. 律师→________ n. 法律→________ adj. 合法的 4.assume v. 假设→________ n. 假设→________ conj. 假如 5.respect v./n. 尊敬→________ adj. 有礼貌的→________ adj. 受人尊敬→________ adj. 得体值得尊敬 6.ignore v. 忽视→________ adj. 无知→________ n. 无知 7.professional adj. 专业的→________ n. 职业，专业 8.suit v. 适合；n. 套装→________ adj. 合适→________ adv. 适宜地→________ adj. 般配的 9.talent n. 天赋→________ adj. 有天赋 10.option n. 选择→________ adj. 可选的、选修的 11.currently adv. 如今→________ adj. 当前的 12.regularly adv. 经常→________ adj. 有规律→________ adj. 无规律 13.responsible adj. 负责的→________ adv. 尽责地→________ n. 责任→________ adj. 不负责任 14.character n. 人物，特点→________ v. 刻画、是… 特征→________ adj. 典型的 n. 特征 15.generation n. 一代人→________ adj. 代际的 16.chat n./v. 聊天→________ adj. 爱闲聊的 17.memory n. 记忆→________ v. 记住→________ adj. 难忘的 18.skin n. 皮肤 v. 剥皮→________ adj. 干瘦紧身的 19.jogging n. 慢跑→________ v. 慢跑→________ n. 慢跑者 20.slim adj. 苗条→________ 比较级→最高级→ n. 减肥 21.nation n. 国家→________ adj. 国家的→________ n. 国籍 22.aim v./n. 目标→________ adj. 无目的→________ adv. 漫无目的地 23.theme n. 主题→________ adj. 特定主题的 24.observe v. 观察、过节→________ n. 观察、评论→________ n. 观察者→________ n. 遵守；节日纪念 25.range n. 范围 v. 变化→________ n. 护林员 26.event n. 大事→________ adj. 多事的→________ adj. 平淡无事 27.apologise v. 道歉→________ n. 道歉→________ adj. 愧疚的→________ adv. 抱歉地 28.stress n. 压力 v. 强调→________ adj. 焦虑受压→________ adj. 令人紧张 29.impact n. 影响→________ adj. 影响力大的 30.strength n. 力量→________ v. 加强→________ adj. 强壮→________ adv. 强烈地 31.admire v. 钦佩→________ n. 羡慕钦佩→________ adj. 值得称赞→________ adj. 满怀仰慕→________ n. 仰慕者 32.judge v. 评判 n. 法官→________ n. 判断力 33.settle v. 定居、和解→________ n. 解决；定居点→________ n. 殖民者→________ adj. 安定稳定 34.feature n. 特色 v. 以… 为主演→________ adj. 特色的→________ adj. 平淡无特色 35.typically adv. 通常→________ adj. 典型 36.individual adj. 独特 n. 个人→________ adv. 分别地 37.style n. 风格 v. 设计→________ adj. 时髦有格调 38.detail n. 细节→________ adj. 详细的 39.contain v. 包含→________ n. 容器 40.summary n. 总结→________ v. 概括 41.powerful adj. 有力的→________ adv. 有力→________ adj. 无力无权→________ n. 力量权力→________ v. 授权 42.track n. 轨道 v. 追踪→________ n. 跟踪 43.obviously adv. 明显→________ adj. 显而易见 44.entire adj. 全部→________ adv. 完全地 45.enormously adv. 极其→________ adj. 巨大 46.positive adj. 积极→________ adv. 乐观积极→________ adj. 消极 47.disqualify v. 取消资格→________ v. 具备资格→________ adj. 合格→________ n. 学历资格→________ n. 取消资格 48.athlete n. 运动员→________ adj. 健壮田径的→________ n. 田径运动 49.medal n. 奖牌→________ n. 奖牌得主 50.medium n. 媒体（单数）→________ 复数 知识点3 必记一词多义 approach vi. & vt. ①走近,靠近　vt. ②接近　③接洽　④对付　n. ⑤方法;途径　⑥道路;路径　⑦接近 1)approach sb./sth.靠近/接近某人/某物 be approaching临近;靠近 approach the problem处理问题 approach sb. about sth.与某人商量某事 2)(an) approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径;……的通道/入口 ①Listening to some Chinese songs is also a good approach to ________ (learn) Chinese well.听一些中文歌曲也是学好中文的一个好方法。(建议信) ②I approached Luella, tightly holding her hands and saying,“Thankfully, you’re all right.”我走近卢埃拉,紧紧握住她的手,说:“谢天谢地,你没事。” ③________________________, they sent gifts to each other. It seemed that the invisible ice between them had gradually melted.随着圣诞节的临近,他们互送礼物。他们之间那层看不见的冰似乎渐渐融化了。 focus vi.& vt. ①(把……)集中于　 concentrate　②(使)调节焦距　n. ③中心;焦点 1)focus (...) on/upon ...集中(……)于……;聚焦(……)于…… 2)the focus of attention关注的焦点 bring ... into focus/come into focus (使)成为焦点 3)keep/stay focused保持专注/集中注意力 ①The lecture will focus on the history and development of Chinese characters.讲座的重点是汉字的演变。(通知) ②Much to my surprise, my video became the focus of attention, making me an instant hit.压根儿没想到我的视频成了关注的焦点,使我一炮而红。 ③“Stay cool and focused!”With Edward’s encouraging words ringing in his ears, Leon calmed down and buried himself in the questions.“保持冷静和专注!”爱德华鼓励的话语在里昂的耳边回荡,他冷静下来,埋头做题。 aim vt.& vi. ①力求达到;力争做到　②瞄准　vt. ③目的是;旨在　n. ④目的;目标　⑤瞄准 1)aim to do sth.意欲/旨在做某事 aim for sth.力求得到某物 aim sth. at ...用某物瞄准…… be aimed at doing sth.目的是/旨在做某事 2)achieve/realize one’s aim实现某人的目标 take aim at ...向……瞄准 with the aim of ...以……为目标;意在…… ①Last Friday witnessed a cross-country race held by our school aimed at/________ the aim of building up students’strength.为使学生们强身健体,我校于上周五举行了一场越野赛跑。(报道) ②The hunter came out of the woods, aimed his gun ________ the bird flying upward and fired.猎人走出树林,瞄准那只向上飞的鸟,开了枪。(续写动作描写) observe vt. ①庆祝;过(节日、生日等)　②观察(到);注意到;看到　③遵守,奉行　 说话,评论 1)observe sb. do sth.观察某人做某事(全过程) observe sb. doing sth.观察某人正在做某事 observe sb./sth. done ...观察到某人/物被……(被动的动作) observe the traffic rules遵守交通规则 observe the Spring Festival过春节 2)under observation正在被观察 ①The Mid-Autumn Festival ________ (observe) on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month.农历八月十五过中秋节。(传统文化) ②Although winning was a great feeling, all of us agreed to observe the spirit of fair play.虽然获胜感觉很棒,但我们所有人都一致认为应遵循公平竞争的宗旨。(续写主旨升华) ③Jack observed a look of anxiety on his brother’s face.杰克注意到了他哥哥脸上焦急的神情。 ④He observed that a traveller without ________ (observe) is a bird without wings.他说没有观察力的旅行者,犹如没有翅膀的鸟。 range n. ①一系列　②范围,界限　 山脉　vi. ③包括　④(在一定范围内)变化 1)a (wide/full) range of ...一系列…… in/within range在范围内 beyond/out of one’s range某人能力达不到的 at close range近距离 2)range from ... to ...包括……到……都有 range between ... and ...在……和……范围内变动 ①The exhibition has ________ wide range of paintings that can satisfy all kinds of visitors.展览展出一系列的绘画,可以满足各种各样的参观者。(浙江高考宣传稿) ②Our school features a diverse variety of clubs, ________ (range) from the Chess Club to the Photography Club.我们学校设有各种俱乐部,从国际象棋俱乐部到摄影俱乐部都有。(告知信) apologise vi. 道歉 1)apologise to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologise to sb.that ...向某人道歉…… 2)make an apology to sb. (for sth.) (因某事)向某人道歉 owe sb. an apology应向某人道歉 ①I’m writing to apologise ________ you for my failing to hang out with you this weekend as scheduled.我没能按计划与你过周末,我写信向你道歉。(北京高考道歉信) ②Noticing the look on my father’s face, I knew his anger had melted, and that my ________ (apologise) touched his heart.我看到父亲脸上的表情,知道他的怒气消失了,我的道歉触动了他的心。(续写情感和神态描写) judge vt.& vi. ①认为;判断　②评价;评判　③n. 法官;审判员;裁判员 1)judge ...from/by ...从……判断…… as far as I can judge据我判断;我认为 2)judging by/from ...从……判断(作状语) 3)make a judg(e)ment on/about ...对……作出评价 ①________ (judge) from her blank face, she didn’t know what we were talking about.从她茫然的表情来看,她不知道我们在谈些什么。 ②Never judge people at first glance, for true beauty comes from the inside.永远不要凭第一眼判断人,因为真正的美来自内在。(续写主旨升华) assume v. ①假定;假设　②认为　vt. ③承担(责任);就(职)　 装出;假装 1)assume sb./sth.to be假定/假设某人/某物为 It is assumed that ...据认为…… 2)assuming (that) ...假设/假定…… 3)make an assumption (about ...) (对……)作出假设 on the assumption that ...假定…… ①Assuming/________ the assumption that I am elected chairman, I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life.假设我当选主席,我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动来丰富我们的学校生活。(申请信) ②________ is assumed that not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh us but it can also strengthen our memory.人们认为,喝中国茶不仅能提神,还能提高记忆力。(短文) ③Andy ________ (assume) an air of indifference whenever her name was mentioned.每次提到她的名字,安迪都装出无所谓的样子。(续写神态描写) respect v. ①尊敬;敬重　②遵守　n. ③尊敬;敬重　 方面;细节 1)respect sb. for sth.因某事而尊重某人 2)show/have respect for ...尊敬/重视…… out of respect for ...出于对……的尊敬 win/earn/gain the respect of赢得/得到……的尊重 3)in this/that respect在这/那方面 in respect of/with respect to关于;至于 4)give/send one’s respects to sb.向某人问候 ①He is also respected ________ his brilliance as an artist.他还因为他的艺术才华受到别人的尊敬。(短文·写人) ②We are aware that to save food is to show respect ________ the labor of farmers.我们意识到节约粮食就是尊重农民的劳动。(报道·劳育) ③Despite the bone-chilly wind, I felt a wave of warmth and pride as I had gained the love and respect of my classmates.尽管寒风刺骨,但我还是感到一阵温暖和自豪,因为我得到了同学们的爱和尊重。 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 点击；咔嗒声 /klɪk/____________ 2. 延期；推迟 /pəˈspəʊn/____________ 3. 片，薄片 /slaɪs/____________ 4. 简单的，朴素的 /pleɪn/____________ 5. 伤疤 /skɑː(r)/____________ 6. 永远 /fəˈrevə(r)/____________ 7. 格言，谚语 /ˈseɪɪŋ/____________ 8. 商品 /ɡʊdz/____________ 9. 图解；示意图 /ˈdaɪəɡræm/____________ 10. 无线网络 /ˈwaɪ faɪ/____________ 二、英译汉检测 1. site /saɪt/ ____________ 2. pour /pɔː(r)/ ____________ 3. gram /ɡræm/ ____________ 4. destiny /ˈdestəni/ ____________ 5. excerpt /ˈeksɜːpt/ ____________ 6. prefer /prɪˈfɜː(r)/ ____________ 7. passion /ˈpæʃn/ ____________ 8. humour /ˈhjuːmə(r)/ ____________ 9. drag /dræɡ/ ____________ 10. scene /siːn/ ____________ 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. I have a ______ (prefer) for quiet countryside. 2. The ______ (advance) technology changes our life greatly. 3. He ______ (acquire) rich experience after ten years’ work. 4. The news ______ (prove) to be true at last. 5. Her smile brought me great ______ (comfortable). 6. You need more ______ (patient) when teaching kids. 7. He felt ______ (anxiety) before the exam. 8. The ______ (distant) between us made us miss each other. 9. The speech is very ______ (inspire). 10. The ______ (surround) environment is clean and beautiful. UNIT 4　Friends forever 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 1.click v.点击(鼠标);使发出咔嗒声　被突然明白;豁然开朗　n.单击;咔嗒声 2.postpone v.使(事件、行动等)延期;推迟 3.slice n.片,薄片　vt.把……切成(薄)片　 vi.切;割;划 4.plain adj.简单的,朴素的 　　　　　 5.scar n.伤疤 6.forever adv.永远 7.saying n.格言,谚语,警句 8.goods n.商品 9.diagram n.图解;示意图 10.wi-fi n.无线网络,无线上网 　　　　　　　 11.site n.网站 12.pour v.灌,注,倒 13.gram n.克 14.destiny n.命运,天命 15.excerpt n.摘录,节录 16.proposition n.事业,生意 知识点2 热点词形转换 1.familiar adj. 熟悉的→________ adj. 不熟悉的→________ n. 熟悉，通晓 2.adventure n. 历险→________ n. 冒险家→________ adj. 爱冒险的→________ n. 不幸遭遇 3.prefer vt. 更喜欢→________ n. 偏爱→________ adj. 首选的→________ adj. 更可取的→________ adj. 优待的 4.deliver v. 递送；发表→________ n. 递送，传送 5.advance n./v. 进步；提前→________ adj. 先进的；晚期的 6.significantly adv. 显著地→________ adj. 重大的→________ n. 重要性，意义 7.maintain v. 维持→________ n. 维护保养→________ adj. 可维持的 8.digital adj. 数码的→________ adv. 数字化地→________ vt. 使数字化 9.enable vt. 使能够→________ adj. 有能力的→________ adj. 不能的 10.unusual adj. 不平常的→________ adj. 平常的→________ adv. 通常 11.tend v. 易于→________ n. 趋势，倾向 12.update n./v. 更新→________ adj. 最新的 13.criminal n. 罪犯→________ n. 罪行 14.acquire vt. 获得→________ adj. 习得的→________ n. 收获，习得 15.prove v. 证明→________ n. 证据；证明（复数：） 16.illustrate v. 举例说明→ n. 插图，阐释→________ n. 插画师→________ adj. 说明性的 17.inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的→________ adj. 备受鼓舞的→________ vt. 激励→________ n. 灵感→________ adj. 鼓舞人心的 18.teenager n. 青少年→________ adj. 十几岁青少年的 19.pack n./v. 打包→________ adj. 挤满人的 20.comfort n./v. 安慰→________ n. 不适→________ adj. 舒适的→________ adv. 舒适地→________ adj. 不舒服的 21.patience n. 耐心→________ adj. 耐心的 n. 病人→________ adv. 耐心地→________ adj. 不耐烦的→________ n. 急躁 22.passion n. 激情→________ adj. 热情的 23.generosity n. 慷慨→________ adj. 大方的→________ adv. 慷慨地 24.humour n. 幽默→________ adj. 幽默的 25.anxious adj. 焦虑的→________ adv. 焦虑地→________ n. 焦虑 26.distance n. 距离 v. 疏远→________ adj. 遥远的；冷漠的 27.ordinary adj. 普通的→________ adv. 平常地 28.dine v. 进餐→________ n. 就餐者→________ n. 晚餐，宴会 29.fortune n. 运气，财富→________ n. 厄运→________ adj. 幸运的→________ adv. 幸运地→________ adj. 不幸的 30.drag v. 拖拽（变形：________ /________/） 31.correspond v. 通信→ n. 信件，通信 32.partner n. 搭档→________ n. 合作关系 33.appointed adj. 约定的→________ vt. 任命，约定→________ n. 约会；任命 34.strike v. 撞击；打动（过去式 / 过去分词：）→ adj. 引人注目的 35.scene n. 场景→________ adj. 风景优美的 36.bitterly adv. 痛苦地→________ adj. 痛苦的→________ n. 怨恨，苦味 37.ashamed adj. 难为情的→________ adj. 可耻的→________ n. 羞愧 38.unfold v. 展开→________ vt. 折叠→________ adj. 可折叠的 39.location n. 位置→________ v. 定位→________ adj. 坐落于 40.surroundings n. 环境→________ adj. 周围的→________ vt. 包围 41.personality n. 性格→________ adj. 私人的→________ adv. 亲自→________ vt. 个性化→________ n. 人 42.atmosphere n. 氛围；大气→________ adj. 大气的，有氛围感的 43.pot n. 锅→________ n. 陶器 知识点3 必记一词多义 prefer vt. 更喜欢 1)prefer sth. to sth.比起某物来更喜欢某物 prefer doing/to do sth.更喜欢做某事 prefer sb./sth. to do sth.更希望某人/某物做某事 2)have a preference for ...偏爱……;喜爱…… in preference to而不是,优先于 give preference to优先考虑 ①When I have time off, I prefer to be outdoors.当我休假时,我喜欢到户外去。(个人介绍) ②A powerful slogan ________ (prefer), which will make your poster more persuasive and impressive.首选有效的口号,这会让你的海报更有说服力且更令人印象深刻。(征稿启事) ③As you have a ________ (prefer) for traditional Chinese culture, your suggestions will be greatly helpful to us.因为你喜欢中国传统文化,所以你的建议将对我们大有帮助。(求助信) ④Though very frightened, we preferred to throw the garlic bread at the bear rather than shoot it.虽然我们非常害怕,但我们宁愿把蒜蓉面包扔向熊,而不是开枪。(浙江高考续写) advance n. ①进步;进展　vi. ②前进　③发展;进步　vt. ④促进;推动　 further　⑤提出　 put forward　⑥提前　 bring forward 1)in advance (of ...)预先/提前(于……) make advances in ...在……方面取得进步 2)advance on/upon/towards/through朝……前进 advance in ...在……方面取得进步 ①You’d better sign up for the ________ (advance) course in advance.你最好提前报名参加高级课程。(通知) ②The lecture has done much to advance our understanding of Chinese calligraphy.这场讲座大大提高了我们对中国书法的认识。(报道) ③As I stepped out of the car, Lucky barked madly and ________ (advance) towards me.当我下车时,Lucky狂吠着向我走来。 acquire vt. 获得;得到 acquire the habit of doing sth.养成做某事的习惯 acquire a good knowledge of学到……的知识;精通…… acquire a taste for开始喜欢上…… acquire a reputation for得到……的名声 acquire success获得成功 ①I have acquired ________ good knowledge of English, enabling me to communicate with foreigners smoothly.我的英语很好,这使我能顺畅地与外国人交流。(自荐信) ②Through this fire drill, not only did we acquire essential fire prevention knowledge and skills but our fire safety awareness was further strengthened.通过这次消防演习,我们不仅获得了必要的防火知识和技能,而且我们的消防安全意识也得到了进一步加强。(报道) prove vt. ①证明;证实　②证明是(用作系动词)　 turn out 1)prove sth. to sb.向某人证明某事 prove sb./sth. (to be)+adj./n.证明某人/某物…… prove that/wh-从句证明…… It is proved that ...据证明…… 2)prove (to be)+n./adj.证明是;结果是 3)There is no proof that ...没有证据表明…… ①The Technical Culture Festival proved hugely rewarding, broadening our horizons and promoting our creativity.科技文化节收获颇丰,拓宽了我们的视野,促进了我们的创造力。(报道) ②The accident proved to me that nothing is more precious than life.这次事故向我证明了生命最珍贵。(续写主旨升华) ③After years of hard work, support from my family and coaching, I am living proof that dreams can come true.经过多年的努力,在家人的支持和指导下,梦想可以成真,我就是活生生的例子。(续写主旨升华) comfort n. ①安慰,慰藉　②令人感到安慰的人或事物　③舒服;安逸　vt. ④安慰;抚慰 1)in comfort舒适地;放松地 in the comfort of在……的舒适中 be a comfort (to sb.) (对某人)是安慰 it’s a comfort to do sth.做某事是件令人安慰的事 2)comfort ... with ...用……安慰…… 3)be/feel comfortable with sb./sth.和某人在一起很自在/对某物运用自如 make oneself comfortable别拘束,别客气 ①He couldn’t think of anything to say to comfort him.他不知道说什么话来安慰他。 ②With this ________ (comfort) thought, Harry fell asleep.怀着这个宽心的想法,哈利进入了梦乡。 ③He shivered and turned over, trying to get ________ (comfort), his stomach rumbling with hunger.他瑟瑟发抖,辗转反侧,总想舒服些,肚子又饿得咕咕直叫。 anxious adj. ①焦虑的;不安的　②渴望;非常渴望 1)be anxious about/for ...为……担心/担忧 be anxious to do sth.急于做某事 give sb. an anxious look焦急地看了某人一眼 2)with anxiety焦虑地(anxiously) anxiety for sth.对……的渴望 ①We couldn’t contain our excitement, anxious to witness the final surprise.我们兴奋不已,急于见证最后的惊喜。 ②A look of ________ (anxious) spread across his face.他脸上闪过一丝焦虑的神情。(续写神态描写) ③He looked around ________ (anxious) and saw that everyone else looked terrified, too.他焦急地看了看周围,看到其他人看起来也都惶恐不安。 distance v. ①使与……保持距离　②撇清和……的关系　n. ③距离　④遥远　⑤冷淡;疏远 1)distance oneself/sb. from ... 与……疏远;撇清自己(和……)的关系 2)in the distance在远处 from a distance从远处;隔开一段距离 within walking/driving distance步行/开车可及 3)keep sb. at a distance对某人冷淡;与某人疏远;与某人保持一定距离 keep sb.’s distance from ...与……保持距离 ①He firmly distanced himself from these events, making us quite shocked.他坚决撇清了和这些活动的关系,使我们大为震惊。 ②Chet sat quietly for hours staring into the distance.切特静静地坐了几个小时,凝视着远方。(续写动作描写) ③Uncle Paul warned us to keep our distance ________ the forest which was ________ long distance from the farm.保罗叔叔警告我们远离离农场有些远的森林。(浙江高考续写) patience n. 耐心;忍耐力;毅力 1)with patience=patiently耐心地 out of patience没有耐心 run out of/lose patience失去耐心 have the/no patience to do sth.有/没有耐心做某事 have little/no patience with sb.受不了某人 2)be patient with sb.对某人有耐心 be patient of sth.忍受/忍耐某事 ①She was usually patient ________ her students and never made them disappointed.她对学生通常很有耐心,从来不让他们失望。(写人短文) ②She gave me a comforting smile and nodded while listening patiently/with patience.她给了我一个安慰的微笑,一边点头一边耐心地听着。(续写神态描写) ③She gave a(n) ________ (patient) glance at Mike and stormed out of the room.她很不耐烦地瞥了迈克一眼,然后冲出了房间。 drag vt. ①拖;拉　vt.&vi. ②缓慢而费力地移动　vi. ③过得很慢;拖沓地进行　 vt. 劝(人)勉强来(或去) drag oneself to/into/out of ...费力地走到/进/出…… drag sb./sth. away/along/through拖着某人/某物…… drag sb. to/into ...硬拉某人去…… drag by过得很慢 drag on拖延;持续长久 ①The guide dragged himself slowly to the kitchen.向导慢慢朝厨房挪动。(续写动作描写) ②Laughing like a maniac, he dragged Harry back upstairs.他把哈利拽回楼上,笑得像个疯子。 ③My parents dragged me into the stupid movie. I was seized by boredom.我爸妈拉我来看了一部烂片。我感到无聊透了。(续写情感描写) ④The following week dragged ________.在接下来的一个星期简直度日如年。 strike vi.& vt. ①划(火柴)　②敲响　③报时　④侵袭;突击　vt. ⑤击打　⑥给……以……印象　⑦使想到/意识到　vi. ⑧罢工　n. ⑨罢工;罢课　⑩袭击 1)be struck by/with ...被……击中;被……打动 It strikes sb. that ...某人突然想起…… strike ... into one’s heart使某人对……刻骨铭心 strike sb. as (being) ...给某人的印象是…… 2)be/go on strike在/举行罢工 ①________ (strike) by your talent for music, I can hardly wait to invite you to the music festival.我对你的音乐天赋印象深刻,迫不及待地想邀请你参加音乐节。(邀请信) ②Mount Tai has struck its beauty into my heart; as a result, ________ strikes me that I will visit it again.泰山的美让我刻骨铭心,所以我想我会再次游览泰山。(游记) pour vt. ①注;灌;倒　vi. ②(水等)不断流出;(烟等)被吐出　③不断涌向/涌现　④(雨)倾盆而下 pour in/into涌入 pour out (of)涌出 pour down流下;倾泻而下 pour sth. into sth.把……倒入……中;向……投入大量金钱;大量投资于 pour out one’s troubles倾诉某人的苦恼 ①It was pouring (with rain)/The rain was pouring down so I accepted his offer of a lift.天正下着瓢泼大雨,所以我领了他的情,搭了他的便车。 ②Tears poured down my face as I poured out my troubles.我倾诉我的苦恼时,眼泪从脸上哗哗地流下。(续写神态描写) 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 暴跌，碰撞 /kræʃ/____________ 2. 意外遇见 /ɪnˈkaʊntə(r)/____________ 3. 记录，捕捉 /ˈkæptʃə(r)/____________ 4. 图像，影像 /ˈɪmɪdʒ/____________ 5. 档案，文件 /faɪl/____________ 6. 基本部分，要素 /ˈelɪmənt/____________ 7. 位置 /pəˈzɪʃn/____________ 8. 慈善机构 /ˈtʃærəti/____________ 9. 教授 /prəˈfesə(r)/____________ 10. 每 /pɜː(r)/____________ 二、英译汉检测 1. creature /ˈkriːtʃə(r)/ ____________ 2. whale /weɪl/ ____________ 3. eagle /ˈiːɡl/ ____________ 4. Atlantic /ətˈlæntɪk/ ____________ 5. monarch /ˈmɒnək/ ____________ 6. migrate /maɪˈɡreɪt/ ____________ 7. mystery /ˈmɪstri/ ____________ 8. chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ ____________ 9. source /sɔːs/ ____________ 10. shock /ʃɒk/ ____________ 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Birds start their ______ (migrate) every autumn. 2. We must take ______ (measure) to protect wild animals. 3. He is ______ (determine) to study biology well. 4. Only a few people ______ (survive) the big fire. 5. The new rule takes ______ (effect) next month. 6. There are a wide ______ (vary) of plants in the forest. 7. Please ______ (concentrate) your mind on the task. 8. She ______ (freeze) with fear when seeing the snake. 9. The news ______ (shock) all the students yesterday. 10. We need to find different ______ (solve) to the problem. UNIT 5　Into the wild 基础梳理・自主精练——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 　　　　　　　　 1.crash v.暴跌,碰撞 2.encounter n. & vt.意外地遇见,邂逅 3.capture v. (用文字或图片)记录,捕捉 4.image n.图像,影像 5.file n.档案,文件 　　　　　　　 6.element n.基本部分,要素 7.position n.位置 8.charity n.慈善机构, 慈善团体 9.professor n.教授 10.per prep.每 　　　　　　　 11.creature n.生物,动物 12.whale n.鲸 13.eagle n.鹰 14.Atlantic adj.大西洋的 15.monarch n.君主,国王 知识点2 热点词形转换 1. annual adj. 一年一度的→________ adv. 每年一次 2. migrate v. 迁徙→________ n. 迁徙 3. seek vt.&vi. 寻找；试图→________ n. 追求者；过去式 & 过去分词：________ 4. measure v./n. 测量；措施→________ n. 测量，尺寸→________ adj. 可测量的→________ adv. 显著地→________ adj. 慎重的 5. determine v. 决定→________ adj. 坚定的→________ n. 决心→________ n. 决定性因素 6. eventually adv. 最终→________ adj. 最后的 7. solution n. 解决办法→________ vt. 解决 8. mystery n. 谜→________ adj. 神秘的 9. amazing adj. 惊人的→________ adv. 令人惊异地→________ adj. 感到惊奇→________ vt. 使惊讶→________ n. 惊诧 10. destroy v. 破坏→________ n. 毁灭→________ adj. 毁灭性的；过去分词：________ 11. chemical n. 化学品→________ n. 化学→________ n. 化学家，药剂师 12. survive v. 幸存→________ n. 幸存→________ n. 幸存者→________ adj. 残存的 13. effect n. 影响→________ adj. 有效的→________ adj. 无效的 14. accommodation n. 住处→________ vt. 容纳，提供住所 15. idiom n. 习语→________ adj. 地道的，习语式的 16. authority n. 权威→________ adj. 权威的→________ vt. 授权 17. source n. 来源 v. 获取→________ adj. 有出处的 18. found v. 创立→________ n. 创建者；过去分词：________ 19. photographer n. 摄影师→________ n. 照片 vt. 拍照→________ n. 摄影术 20. recover v. 恢复→________ n. 痊愈，恢复 21. shock n./v. 震惊→________ adj. 感到震惊的→________ adj. 令人震惊的→________ adv. 惊人地 22. variety n. 多样化→________ vi. 变化→________ adj. 各种各样的→________ adj. 多变的→________ n. 变异 23. concentrate v. 专注、浓缩→________ n. 专心，浓度→________ adj. 浓缩的 24. freeze v. 冻住、呆住；过去式________，过去分词________→________ adj. 极冷的→________ adj. 冻僵的 25. reaction n. 反应→________ vi. 起化学反应→________ adj. 易起反应的 知识点3 必记一词多义 seek vt.& vi. (sought, sought, seeking) ①寻找;寻求;争取　②(向人)请求;征求　③试图;企图　 attempt seek jobs/advice/help/assistance寻找工作/征求建议/寻求帮助 seek one’s fortune寻找成功致富之路;闯世界 seek out找出;找到 seek to do sth.试图做某事 ①With some problems with my English, I have no choice but to seek your advice.我的英语有些问题,我只得征求你的意见。(求助信) ②We yelled at the bear, seeking ________ (scare) it away.我们朝熊大喊大叫,试图把熊吓跑。(浙江高考续写) measure vt. ①量;测量　②估量　 assess　③衡量　linking v. ④(长度、宽度、数量等的)量度为　n. ⑤措施;方法 1)measure ... by ...用……来衡量…… be measured by/in ...用……来衡量/计算 measure sb. for sth.给某人量(衣服)尺寸 2)take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事 make sth. to sb.’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物 in large measure在很大程度上 ①My progress is in large measure due to your patient guidance.我的进步在很大程度上要归功于你耐心的指导。(感谢信) ②It is high time that effective measures were taken to protect the ocean from pollution.是时候采取有效措施阻止海洋被污染了。(2022·全国甲卷短文) ③We rode along the river ________ (measure) over 500 meters long until we finally reached the farm.我们沿着这条长500多米的河骑马前行,最后到了农场。(浙江高考续写) determine vt. ①测定;查明　②确定　③决心;决定　 decide, make up one’s mind 1)with determination坚决地 2)determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事 determine to do sth.决定做某事(表示动作) be determined by由……决定 3)be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态) ①Amazed at their fluent oral English, I was determined ________ (be) as good.他们流利的英语口语让我惊叹不已,我决心也要学得一样好。(短文) ②Sports teach us to accept challenges and face difficulties ________ determination.运动教会我们接受挑战,坚定地面对困难。(短文·体育) ③I walked confidently towards the classroom, determined to make a change.我自信地走向教室,决心做出改变。 survive vi. ①活下来　vt. ②幸存;艰难度过　③比……活得长 1)survive on靠……生存;靠……维持生活 survive sth.幸免于某事;从某事中挺过来,活过来 survive sb.by+时间段　比某人多活…… 2)survive from ... as ...作为……从……留存下来 ①The ancient building survived ________ the Tang Dynasty as a museum.这栋古建筑从唐朝留存至今被用作了博物馆。(短文) ②Life isn’t about how to survive storms, but how to dance in the rain.生活不在于如何挺过暴雨,而在于如何在风雨中力求欢乐。(续写主旨升华) effect n. ①影响;结果　 impact, influence　②效果 have an effect on ...对……有影响 come into effect/take effect生效;起作用 bring/put ... into effect使……生效 be of no effect无效果的 in effect实际上;事实上;有效 side effect副作用 ①During Li Bai’s lifetime, he wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which have a great effect ________ Chinese culture.李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌,对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。(人物介绍短文) ②Hopefully, my suggestions will soon be put ________ effect to address these problems.为解决这些问题,希望我的建议不久会付诸实施。(建议信) variety n. ①多样化;变化　②(植物、语言等的)变体;异体 1)a variety of/varieties of各种各样的 2)vary from ... to .../between ... and ...从……到……变化/不等 vary with随着……变化 vary in在……方面不同 ①There was an exhibition showcasing varieties of/various AI-powered devices and projects undertaken by our students.展览展示了我们学生承担的各种人工智能设备和课题。(报道) ②Views on online learning vary from person ________ person.不同的人对网络学习有不同的看法。(发言稿) concentrate vi.& vt. ①专注;专心　②(使)聚集于　 (使)浓缩　n. ③浓缩液;浓缩物 1)concentrate on (doing) sth. 集中精力于(做)某事;全神贯注于(做)某事 concentrate sth. on (doing) sth.集中……于(做)某事 2)be concentrated in/at集中在…… ①It is beneficial to concentrate your efforts ________ improving your oral English.集中精力提高你的英语口语很有益。(建议信) ②Personally, no one can succeed without hard work and ________ (concentrate).依我看,要成功必须努力和专注。 freeze vi. ①突然停住;呆住　vi.&vt. ②结冰;(使)冻住;(使)冻死　vt. ③冷冻;冷藏　 定格 1)freeze to death冻死 freeze in fear/terror/horror吓呆 freeze one’s blood令人毛骨悚然 2)be frozen to death冻死 be frozen with fear/terror/horror/shock吓呆/惊呆 3)freezing point冰点 ①The smile froze on her lips as he froze the picture on the screen.当他把屏幕上的画面定格时,她脸上的笑容僵住了。 ②He strode over to the sofa where Dudley sat ________ (freeze) with fear.他大步走到沙发跟前,达力坐在那里吓傻了。 ③It was a freezing cold winter evening and freezing fog hung in the air.这是一个非常寒冷的冬夜,空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾。(续写环境描写) shock n. ①吃惊;震惊;休克;令人震惊的事　vt. ②(使) 震惊 1)shock sb.使某人震惊 2)be/come as a shock to sb.让某人非常震惊 in shock吃惊地;震惊地 be frozen with shock惊呆 3)be shocked at sth.对某事感到震惊 be shocked to do sth.因做某事而感到震惊 ①What ________ (shock) us most is that the ocean is becoming severely polluted.最令我们震惊的是,海洋正受到严重污染。(2022·全国甲卷短文) ②She stared at him, frozen ________ shock.她惊呆了,直瞪着他。 ③“Hagrid!”said Harry, shocked to see Hagrid shaking with grief, great tears leaking down into his beard.“海格!”哈利说。他十分震惊地看到海格因悲哀而颤抖,大滴的眼泪渗进他的胡须。 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 暴跌，碰撞 /kræʃ/____________ 2. 意外遇见 /ɪnˈkaʊntə(r)/____________ 3. 记录，捕捉 /ˈkæptʃə(r)/____________ 4. 图像，影像 /ˈɪmɪdʒ/____________ 5. 档案，文件 /faɪl/____________ 6. 基本部分，要素 /ˈelɪmənt/____________ 7. 位置 /pəˈzɪʃn/____________ 8. 慈善机构 /ˈtʃærəti/____________ 9. 教授 /prəˈfesə(r)/____________ 10. 每 /pɜː(r)/____________ 二、英译汉检测 1. creature /ˈkriːtʃə(r)/ ____________ 2. whale /weɪl/ ____________ 3. eagle /ˈiːɡl/ ____________ 4. Atlantic /ətˈlæntɪk/ ____________ 5. monarch /ˈmɒnək/ ____________ 6. migrate /maɪˈɡreɪt/ ____________ 7. mystery /ˈmɪstri/ ____________ 8. chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ ____________ 9. source /sɔːs/ ____________ 10. shock /ʃɒk/ ____________ 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Birds start their ______ (migrate) every autumn. 2. We must take ______ (measure) to protect wild animals. 3. He is ______ (determine) to study biology well. 4. Only a few people ______ (survive) the big fire. 5. The new rule takes ______ (effect) next month. 6. There are a wide ______ (vary) of plants in the forest. 7. Please ______ (concentrate) your mind on the task. 8. She ______ (freeze) with fear when seeing the snake. 9. The news ______ (shock) all the students yesterday. 10. We need to find different ______ (solve) to the problem. UNIT 6　At one with nature 基础梳理・自主夯基——核心背记 知识点1 教材词汇识记 　　　　　　 1.shallow adj.浅的 2.steep adj.陡的,陡峭的 3.crop n.庄稼,作物 4.dynasty n.朝代 5.therefore adv.因此,由此 6.canyon n.峡谷 7.valley n.谷,山谷 8.channel n.海峡 9.tunnel n.隧道 　　　　　　　 10.reef n.礁 11.basin n.盆地,低洼地 12.waterfall n.瀑布 13.barrier n.障碍,壁垒 14.inside adv.在……内 15.camel n.骆驼 16.mineral n.矿物,矿产 17.branch n.树枝 18.sunflower n.向日葵 　　　　　　 19.rooftop n.屋顶 20.platform n.高台,平台 21.climate n.气候 22.sheet n. (冰或水等的)一大片 23.soil n.土壤 24.terrace n.梯田 25.herb n. (用于调味)香草 26.vapour n.蒸气 27.organism n.生物,有机体 知识点2 热点词形转换 1. wrap vt. 包，裹→过去式 / 过去分词：→ vt. 拆开包装→________ n. 外包装→________ n. 包装材料 2. frost n. 霜→________ adj. 有霜的 3. completion n. 完成→________ adj. 完整 vt. 完成→________ adv. 完全地→________ n. 完整 4. region n. 地区→________ adj. 区域的 5. prevent vt. 防止→________ n. 预防→________ adj. 预防性的 6. harmony n. 和谐→________ adj. 融洽的→________ adv. 和谐地 7. design v./n. 设计→________ n. 设计师 8. harm n./v. 伤害→________ adj. 有害→________ adj. 无害 9. agriculture n. 农业→________ adj. 农业的 10. material n. 材料 adj. 物质的→________ adv. 实质上→________ vt. 实现 11. replace v. 替换→________ n. 替代品，更换 12. consumer n. 消费者→________ v. 消耗→________ n. 消费 13. priority n. 优先事项→________ adj. 先前的，优先的→________ vt. 优先处理 14. beauty n. 美丽→________ adj. 美丽的→________ v. 美化 15. structure n. 结构 v. 规划→________ adj. 结构上的→________ adj. 有条理的 16. observatory n. 天文台→________ v. 观察→________ n. 观测 17. grand adj. 宏伟→________ n. 宏伟壮丽 18. narrow adj. 狭窄 v. 收窄→________ adv. 勉强；狭窄地 19. thunder v. 打雷 n. 雷声→________ adj. 雷鸣般的 20. desert n. 沙漠 v. 抛弃→________ adj. 荒无人烟的 21. sail v. 航行→________ n. 水手→________ n. 航海 22. living adj. 活着 n. 生计→________ v. 居住 adj. 直播的 23. publish vt. 出版→________ n. 出版；发表→________ n. 出版行业→________ n. 出版社→________ adj. 未发表的 24. limited adj. 有限→________ n./v. 限制→________ adj. 无限→________ n. 局限 25. benefit n. 益处 v. 受益→________ adj. 有益的→________ adv. 有利地 26. energy n. 精力→________ adj. 精力充沛→________ adv. 充满活力地→________ vt. 激励 27. rent v. 租用 n. 租金→________ adj. 租来的→________ n. 租赁业务 28. system n. 系统→________ adj. 系统化的→________ adv. 系统地 29. pleasant adj. 宜人的→________ vt. 取悦→________ adj. 令人愉悦→________ adj. 感到满意→________ n. 乐事 30. flavour n. 味道→________ adj. 有风味的 31. expert n. 专家 adj. 专业→________ n. 专业知识 知识点3 必记一词多义 design vt. ①设计;构思　②计划;筹划　③意欲　n. ④设计　⑤设计方案;图案　 pattern　⑥意图 1)be designed for ...为……而设计 be designed to do ...目的是…… be designed as ...被设计成…… 2)by design故意地(intentionally) ①The column is designed to offer students a platform to voice our views and share our experiences.该栏目旨在为学生们提供一个表达思想和分享经历的平台。(栏目介绍) ②The expert pushed him ________ design, making him annoyed.那个专家故意推他,使他生气。(续写情感描写) harm n.& vt. 伤害;损害 1)harm sth.损害某物 harm one’s health/image/reputation损害某人的健康/形象/名誉 2)do/cause harm to sb.=do/cause sb. harm对某人造成损害/伤害 There is no harm in doing sth.做某事没有坏处。 mean no harm没有恶意 3)be harmful to ...对……有害 ①What is known is that being addicted to cellphones does harm to/is harmful to/harms health.众所周知,沉溺于手机有害健康。(倡议书) ②I cupped my hand over the phone, whispering that I ______________________.我用手捂住电话,低声告诉她我没有恶意。(续写动作+语言描写) ③He added sometimes there was no harm in ________ (put) off some work until another day.他还说,有时把工作推到以后去做并没有什么坏处。 replace vt. ①以……替换;更换　②代替;取代　 take over, take the place of　③把……放回原处 1)replace ... with/by ...用……替换…… replace ... as ...取代……而成为…… be replaced by被……替换/取代 2)take the place of sb.=take sb.’s place代替某人 in place of代替 ①I replaced him ________ the leading role in the school drama, which came as a big shock to the class.我代替他成为学校戏剧中的主角,这让全班同学大为震惊。(续写情感描写) ②Lost wealth may ________ (replace) by industry, but lost time is gone forever.失去的财富可由勤奋而恢复,但失去的时间却一去不复返。(续写主旨升华) limited adj. 有限的　limit n. 限制;限度　vt. 限制;限定　 restrict 1)be limited to ...仅限于…… 2)limit ... to ...把……限制在……内 3)without limit无限制地 set a limit on ...对……规定限度 there is a/no limit to ...对……是有限/无限的 ①There is a limit to one’s life, but there is no limit to ________ (serve) the people.人的生命是有限的,可是为人民服务是无限的。 ②Without friends, your world would be ________ (limit) to wilderness.没有朋友,你的世界将局限于一片荒芜。(续写主旨升华) benefit n. 好处;益处　 福利　vt. 使受益　vi. 得益于 1)benefit from/by ...从……中受益;得益于…… benefit sb.对某人有益 2)be of (great) benefit to ...=be (very) beneficial to ...对……(非常)有益;(非常)有益于…… for the benefit of ...为了……的利益 ①For students, what is most beneficial to/is ________ great benefit to their study is reading English books.对学生来说,最有利于他们学习的是读英文书。(2022·全国乙卷短文) ②Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda ________ the benefit of all mankind.遗产保护是造福全人类的首要议程。(演讲稿) ③It never occurred to him that his small act of kindness would benefit him so much.他从来没有想到这个小小的善举会让他受益良多。(续写主旨升华) 重难突破・考向精练——自主检测 一、汉译英检测 1. 浅的 /ˈʃæləʊ/____________ 2. 陡峭的 /stiːp/____________ 3. 庄稼，作物 /krɒp/____________ 4. 朝代 /ˈdaɪnəsti/____________ 5. 因此 /ˈðeəfɔː(r)/____________ 6. 峡谷 /kæˈnjən/____________ 7. 山谷 /ˈvæli/____________ 8. 海峡 /ˈtʃænl/____________ 9. 隧道 /ˈtʌnl/____________ 10. 礁石 /riːf/____________ 二、英译汉检测 1. basin /ˈbeɪsn/ ____________ 2. waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ ____________ 3. barrier /ˈbæriə(r)/ ____________ 4. camel /ˈkæml/ ____________ 5. mineral /ˈmɪnərəl/ ____________ 6. branch /brɑːntʃ/ ____________ 7. rooftop /ˈruːftɒp/ ____________ 8. terrace /ˈterəs/ ____________ 9. climate /ˈklaɪmət/ ____________ 10. soil /sɔɪl/ ____________ 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The house is specially ______ (design) for the old. 2. Smoking does great ______ (harm) to your health. 3. We will ______ (replace) the old machines soon. 4. Our time is ______ (limit), so we must hurry up. 5. Reading is ______ (benefit) to teenagers. 6. The young man is full of ______ (energetic). 7. This ______ (system) can save lots of time. 8. We spent a ______ (please) afternoon by the lake. 9. He is an ______ (expert) on traditional farming. 10. We should live in ______ (harmonious) with nature. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $