Unit 1 Happy Holiday 形容词比较级和最高级（核心语法精练）26-27学年英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦不定代词和一般过去时，以“知识回顾-考点夯基-综合提升”为逻辑链，系统梳理分类规则与句型结构，通过梯度题型实现语言能力与思维品质的协同提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|分类表格+规则总结|不定代词按指人/指物分类+用法要点（肯定/否定/疑问）；一般过去时动词变化规则+句型结构（肯定/否定/疑问）|从概念分类到核心规则，形成“认知-理解”基础链| |考点夯基|单选15题+单词填空15题+完成句子15题|结合语境辨析不定代词（如something/anything）；运用时间标志词判断一般过去时|规则应用于基础题型，构建“理解-运用”过渡链| |综合提升|语法选择10题+短文填空10空|综合运用不定代词特性（形容词后置）与一般过去时语境（时间标志词）|复杂语境中融合知识点，形成“运用-迁移”提升链|

Unit 1 Happy Holiday核心语法精练 （不定代词和一般过去时的复习） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 2 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 5 三、按要求完成句子 7 0 一、语法选择 10 二、短文填空 11 不定代词 1. 常见不定代词分类 类别 单词 含义 用法要点 指人 someone / somebody 某人 肯定句，表不确定某人 anyone / anybody 任何人 否定句、疑问句；肯定句表 “随便任何人” everyone / everybody 每个人 作主语，谓语常用单数 no one / nobody 没人 表完全否定 指物 something 某事 / 某物 肯定句 anything 任何事物 否定、疑问句；肯定句表 “随便任何东西” everything 一切、所有事物 指代全部事物 nothing 什么都没有 完全否定含义 2. 核心规则 形容词后置：something interesting（有趣的事），不能写 interesting something 作主语时，谓语动词多用单数：Everyone is here. 复合不定代词后可接不定式：I have something to do. 一般过去时（复习） 1. 定义 表示过去某个时间发生的动作、存在的状态，常搭配过去时间标志词。 2. 时间标志词 yesterday, last week/year, just now, …ago, in + 过去年份，then 3. 动词变化规则 变化类型 规则 例词 一般情况 直接加 - ed work → worked 以 e 结尾 只加 - d live → lived 辅音 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i，再加 - ed study → studied 重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅结尾） 双写末尾辅音 + ed stop → stopped 不规则变化 特殊变形，单独记忆 go→went；eat→ate；see→saw；have→had 4. 句型结构 肯定句：主语 + 过去式 + 其他 He went to Beijing last summer. 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 He didn’t go to Beijing last summer. 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形…? Did he go to Beijing last summer? 一、单项选择 1．When you join a new club, you may not know ________. So you may be a little shy. A．anyone B．someone C．no one D．everyone 2．We should fight ________  pollution to protect the environment. A．with B．in C．against D．about 3．I looked for my pen ________, but I couldn’t find it ________. A．everywhere; somewhere B．somewhere; everywhere C．anywhere; nowhere D．everywhere; anywhere 4．________ is ready for the party. Let’s begin! A．Something B．Anything C．Everything D．Nothing 5．—Did you buy ________ in the supermarket? —No, I bought ________ because the prices were too high. A．something; anything B．anything; nothing C．nothing; anything D．everything; something 6．I have ________ to tell you. Let’s keep it as a secret between us. A．something special B．special something C．anything special D．special anything 7．—How was your trip to the mountains last weekend? —________ We all had a great time. A．It was fantastic. B．Not really. C．That’s OK. D．I think so. 8．Huangshan Shaobing is very delicious with different fillings (馅料) inside. I ________ it in Anhui last month. A．taste B．tasted C．am tasting D．will taste 9．My sister works as a ________ in the famous museum. She helps tourists know more about the museum. A．guide B．reporter C．teacher D．hunter 10．There are many beautiful places to visit in Anhui, ________ Mount Huangshan in fall. A．usually B．especially C．luckily D．probably 11．I felt ________ at the party where I didn’t know anyone, so I left early. A．excited B．relaxed C．bored D．interested 12．He ________ us that we should finish our homework on time. A．followed B．reminded C．forgot D．happened 13．Like Ne Zha, we should fight ________ all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．above B．against C．after D．across 14．We couldn’t climb the mountain ________ the heavy rain. A．because B．because of C．so D．but 15．—How was your weekend? —________! I watched a great movie. A．Terrible B．Boring C．Wonderful D．Bad 二、单词拼写 1．I feel ________ that my little brother makes such ________ progress in his English study. He can have a conversation with a foreigner (外国人) now. (amaze) 2．We wanted to do something ________ (interest) on the weekend. So we went to the theater and watched Ne Zha 2. It was so great that all my family enjoyed it a lot. 3．He ________ (go) back to his hometown last month to visit his parents. 4．—What will Lisa do this weekend? —She will go ________ (camp) with her friends. 5．On the cold winter morning, people on the street are wearing thick ________ (scarf) to keep warm. 6．In the ________ (comfort) classroom, students listened to the teacher in high spirits. 7．—________ you ________ (go) to the beach last Sunday? —No, I didn't. I ________ (visit) my grandparents. 8．________ (somewhere) in this room must be the key to the door. Let’s search carefully. 9．There is ________ (nothing) interesting in today’s newspaper. All the news is boring. 10．I have ________ (anything) new to tell you. It’s just a normal day. 11．My parents were busy, so I had to look after ________ (I) during the summer camp. 12．In the museum we knew that artists don’t create each artwork ________. (easy) 13．Don’t forget ________ (remind) Tony to take his passport. 14．I went to the art museum in Xi’an, the tourist ________ (guide) us through different halls. 15．They ________ (not go) anywhere interesting last summer. 三、完成句子 1．他们在图书馆待了好几个小时，为考试做准备。 They ________ ________ the library for many hours to prepare for the exam. 2．无论何时他的同学们有困难，他都愿意帮助他们。 He ________ ________ ________ ________ his classmates whenever they have problems. 3．——你去年的假期怎么样? ——太糟糕了。 —________ ________ your holiday last year? —It was ________. 4．——你在山西博物院发现什么特别的东西了吗？ ——当然！晋侯鸟尊让我感到惊讶。 —Did you find ________ ________ in the Shanxi Museum? —Of course! The Bird-shaped Zun of the Marquis of Jin surprised me. 5．我上周末大部分时间都待在图书馆，没什么特别的事发生。 I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in the library last weekend, and ________ ________ happened. 6．去年寒假，哈尔滨的冰雪大世界让我感到惊喜。 Last winter holiday, the Harbin Ice and Snow World ________ ________ ________. 7．这张老照片常常让我想起我在乡下度过的快乐童年。 This old photo often ________ ________ ________ the happy childhood I spent in the countryside. 8．和同学们一起参加研学旅行是非常有意义的。 It’s very meaningful ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ with classmates. 9．——你在假期做了什么特别的事情吗？ ——是的。我尝试了滑翔伞运动，感觉像一只鸟。 —Did you do ________ ________ during the holiday? —Yes. I tried paragliding and ________ ________ a bird. 10．每个人都应该在假期里尝试一些新事物。   Everyone should __________ something __________ on holiday. 11．My trip to Yunnan was very exciting. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ your trip to Yunnan? 12．We went to the zoo yesterday afternoon. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ ________ ________ yesterday afternoon? 13．I stayed at home yesterday because it rained heavily. （对划线部分提问） ________ ________ you ________ yesterday? 14．I did something interesting last weekend.  (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ you ________ last weekend? 15．They saw many cute animals on the school trip.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ they ________ on the school trip? 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Last summer holiday, I 1 a wonderful trip with my parents. We went to Qingdao, a beautiful coastal city. It 2 sunny and cool during our trip. In the daytime, we walked along the beach and enjoyed the fresh air. I tried 3 seafood for the first time. It was really delicious. My parents took many photos 4 us. We also visited some famous parks 5 interesting buildings. In the evening, we sometimes went shopping. There were many kinds of goods and everything looked 6 . I bought a small shell gift 7 my classmate. Although we were tired every day, we felt very happy. I think travelling is a good way 8 relax ourselves. It helps us know more about different places. I hope I 9 another great holiday trip next time. All in all, it was 10 unforgettable holiday for me. 1．A．have B．had C．has D．will have 2．A．is B．was C．are D．were 3．A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate 4．A．of B．for C．with D．about 5．A．but B．so C．and D．or 6．A．beautifully B．beautiful C．beauty D．more beautiful 7．A．to B．for C．at D．in 8．A．to B．of C．for D．with 9．A．have B．had C．will have D．am having 10．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City, is a famous museum in Beijing. It has 1 long history and was once the home of Chinese emperors. Today, people from many 2 (country) come to visit it and learn about China’s past. The museum is the 3 (large) ancient palace complex in the world. It 4 (cover) over 1,120,000 square meters. It has many old buildings with red walls 5 yellow roofs. Each building has its own story. 6 /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/ the museum, visitors can see more than 1.8 million objects. These 7 /ɪnˈkluːd/ paintings, old books, pottery, jade carvings, calligraphy, and many other artworks. They show the 8 /ɑːt/, culture, and how emperors lived and worked. In recent years, the Palace Museum has become more popular 9 visitors. More students and families come to learn history in a fun way. The Palace Museum is not only a place to see old things. It also shows the 10 (color) culture and history of China. By visiting the museum, people can better understand China and its traditions. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Happy Holiday核心语法精练 （不定代词和一般过去时的复习） 一、单项选择。 1-5： ACDCB 6-10：AABAB 11-15：CBBBC 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. amazed amazing 2．interesting 3．went 4．camping 5．scarves/scarfs 6．comfortable 7． Did go visited 8．Somewhere 9．nothing 10．nothing 11．myself 12．easily 13．to remind 14．guiding 15．didn’t go 三、按要求完成句子。 1． stayed in 2． is ready to help 3． How was terrible 4．anything special 5． spent most of my time nothing special 6． made me surprised 7． reminds me of 8． to take a study trip 9． anything special felt like 10． try new 11． How was 12． Where did you go 13． What did do 14． What did do 15． What did do 一、语法选择 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 二、语法填空 1．a 2．countries 3．largest 4．covers 5．and 6．Inside 7．include 8．art 9．with/among 10．colorful 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Happy Holiday核心语法精练 （不定代词和一般过去时的复习） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 2 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 5 三、按要求完成句子 7 0 一、语法选择 10 二、短文填空 11 不定代词 1. 常见不定代词分类 类别 单词 含义 用法要点 指人 someone / somebody 某人 肯定句，表不确定某人 anyone / anybody 任何人 否定句、疑问句；肯定句表 “随便任何人” everyone / everybody 每个人 作主语，谓语常用单数 no one / nobody 没人 表完全否定 指物 something 某事 / 某物 肯定句 anything 任何事物 否定、疑问句；肯定句表 “随便任何东西” everything 一切、所有事物 指代全部事物 nothing 什么都没有 完全否定含义 2. 核心规则 形容词后置：something interesting（有趣的事），不能写 interesting something 作主语时，谓语动词多用单数：Everyone is here. 复合不定代词后可接不定式：I have something to do. 一般过去时（复习） 1. 定义 表示过去某个时间发生的动作、存在的状态，常搭配过去时间标志词。 2. 时间标志词 yesterday, last week/year, just now, …ago, in + 过去年份，then 3. 动词变化规则 变化类型 规则 例词 一般情况 直接加 - ed work → worked 以 e 结尾 只加 - d live → lived 辅音 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i，再加 - ed study → studied 重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅结尾） 双写末尾辅音 + ed stop → stopped 不规则变化 特殊变形，单独记忆 go→went；eat→ate；see→saw；have→had 4. 句型结构 肯定句：主语 + 过去式 + 其他 He went to Beijing last summer. 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 He didn’t go to Beijing last summer. 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形…? Did he go to Beijing last summer? 一、单项选择 1．When you join a new club, you may not know ________. So you may be a little shy. A．anyone B．someone C．no one D．everyone 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当你加入一个新俱乐部时，你可能不认识任何人。所以你可能有点害羞。 anyone任何人；someone某人；no one没人；everyone每个人。根据“When you join a new club.”和“So you may be a little shy.”可知，你可能不认识“任何人”，所以你可能有点害羞。应填anyone。 2．We should fight ________  pollution to protect the environment. A．with B．in C．against D．about 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该与污染作斗争，保护环境。 with和……一起；in在……里面；against对抗；about关于。根据后半句“to protect the environment”可知，此处表达对抗污染，fight against意为“与……作斗争”，应填against。 3．I looked for my pen ________, but I couldn’t find it ________. A．everywhere; somewhere B．somewhere; everywhere C．anywhere; nowhere D．everywhere; anywhere 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我到处找我的钢笔，但任何地方都找不到它。 everywhere到处；somewhere某处；anywhere任何地方。根据“but”可知，此处是转折关系，表示到处找钢笔，但任何地方都找不到它。因此，第一空用everywhere表示“到处”；第二空在否定句中，表示“任何地方”，所以用anywhere。故填everywhere; anywhere。 4．________ is ready for the party. Let’s begin! A．Something B．Anything C．Everything D．Nothing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：聚会的一切都准备好了。让我们开始吧！ Something某事；Anything任何事；Everything一切；Nothing没什么。根据“Let’s begin!”可知，聚会的所有准备工作已完成，说明一切都准备好了。应填Everything。 5．—Did you buy ________ in the supermarket? —No, I bought ________ because the prices were too high. A．something; anything B．anything; nothing C．nothing; anything D．everything; something 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在超市买什么东西了吗？——不，我什么都没买，因为价格太高了。 something某物，常用于肯定句；anything任何物，常用于疑问句或否定句；nothing没有什么；everything一切。第一句为一般疑问句，应用anything；第二空根据“No”及“because prices were too high”可知，没买东西，bought为肯定形式，故用nothing表示否定意义。应填anything; nothing。 6．I have ________ to tell you. Let’s keep it as a secret between us. A．something special B．special something C．anything special D．special anything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我有特别的事要告诉你。让我们把它作为我们之间的秘密吧。 形容词修饰不定代词时要后置。something常用于肯定句，anything常用于否定句或疑问句。本句是肯定句，且根据“Let’s keep it as a secret between us.”可知，是有特别的事情要说，应用something special。故选A。 7．—How was your trip to the mountains last weekend? —________ We all had a great time. A．It was fantastic. B．Not really. C．That’s OK. D．I think so. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——上个周末你们去山里旅行得怎么样？——太棒了。我们都玩得很开心。 It was fantastic太棒了，精彩极了（用于描述过去某次体验非常棒）；Not really事实并非如此，不全是（表示委婉否定）；That’s OK没关系（常用于回应他人致歉或接受提议）；I think so我也这样认为（常用于对前者的看法表示赞同）。根据后句“We all had a great time”这一积极肯定的描述可知，上个周末的登山旅行非常愉快。问句“How was your trip…?”用于询问过去的体验，答语应用It was fantastic与之呼应，表示对旅行体验的高度赞赏。 8．Huangshan Shaobing is very delicious with different fillings (馅料) inside. I ________ it in Anhui last month. A．taste B．tasted C．am tasting D．will taste 【答案】B 【详解】句意：黄山烧饼里有不同的馅料，非常美味。我上个月在安徽品尝了它。 根据句末的时间状语“last month”可知，本句动作发生于过去，应用一般过去时，因此空格处应填入动词的过去式形式。动词taste的过去式为tasted。 9．My sister works as a ________ in the famous museum. She helps tourists know more about the museum. A．guide B．reporter C．teacher D．hunter 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我姐姐在著名的博物馆工作，担任导游。她帮助游客更多地了解这座博物馆。 guide导游；reporter记者；teacher老师；hunter猎人。根据后句“She helps tourists know more about the museum.”可知，她工作的职责是帮助游客了解博物馆，这表明她的职业是“导游”，应用名词guide。 10．There are many beautiful places to visit in Anhui, ________ Mount Huangshan in fall. A．usually B．especially C．luckily D．probably 【答案】B 【详解】句意：安徽有许多美丽的地方可以游览，尤其是秋天的黄山。 usually 通常；especially 尤其，特别；luckily 幸运地；probably 可能。句子先总述安徽有多处美景，后专门突出黄山，especially用于着重强调某一事物，符合该语境逻辑，其他选项均不符合，应选especially。 11．I felt ________ at the party where I didn’t know anyone, so I left early. A．excited B．relaxed C．bored D．interested 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在那个我谁都不认识的派对上我感到很无聊，所以提早离开了。 excited兴奋的，激动的；relaxed放松的，轻松的；bored感到无聊的，厌烦的；interested感兴趣的。根据定语从句“where I didn’t know anyone”和结果状语从句“so I left early”可知，叙述者在派对上不认识任何人，所以感到非常“无聊/没意思”，应用形容词bored来修饰人的主观感受。 12．He ________ us that we should finish our homework on time. A．followed B．reminded C．forgot D．happened 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他提醒我们应该按时完成作业。 followed跟随；reminded提醒；forgot忘记；happened发生。固定搭配remind sb. that…意为提醒某人……，结合“我们应当按时完成作业”的语境，reminded符合题意，其他选项均不符合，应选reminded。 13．Like Ne Zha, we should fight ________ all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．above B．against C．after D．across 【答案】B 【详解】句意：像哪吒一样，我们应该对抗所有困难，去实现我们的梦想。 above 在……上方；against 对抗；after 在……之后；across 穿过。固定搭配fight against意为“与……作斗争、对抗”，此处指对抗困难，against符合该语境逻辑，其他选项均不符合，应选against。 14．We couldn’t climb the mountain ________ the heavy rain. A．because B．because of C．so D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：因为大雨，我们没能去爬山。 because因为，后接完整句子；because of因为，后接名词/名词短语；so所以；but但是。the heavy rain是名词短语，要用because of。 15．—How was your weekend? —________! I watched a great movie. A．Terrible B．Boring C．Wonderful D．Bad 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的周末过得怎么样？ ——太棒了！我看了一部超好看的电影。 Terrible糟糕的；Boring无聊的；Wonderful极好的、精彩的；Bad差的。根据答语“watched a great movie”可知周末过得很好，Wonderful符合语境。 二、单词拼写 1．I feel ________ that my little brother makes such ________ progress in his English study. He can have a conversation with a foreigner (外国人) now. (amaze) 【答案】 amazed amazing 【详解】句意：我感到十分惊喜，我的弟弟在英语学习上取得了如此惊人的进步。他现在能和外国人对话了。第一空：主语是I（人），feel是系动词，后面用描述人的感受的形容词amazed，表达人的主观感受，意为“感到惊讶的、惊喜的”。第二空：后面名词是progress“进步，事物”，用修饰事物的形容词amazing，用来描述事物本身“令人惊讶的、了不起的”。 2．We wanted to do something ________ (interest) on the weekend. So we went to the theater and watched Ne Zha 2. It was so great that all my family enjoyed it a lot. 【答案】interesting 【详解】句意：我们周末想做点有趣的事，于是去剧院看了《哪吒2》。这部影片太棒了，我们全家人都很喜欢。修饰不定代词something要用描述事物特征的形容词；interesting用来形容事物“令人有趣的、有意思的”。 3．He ________ (go) back to his hometown last month to visit his parents. 【答案】went 【详解】句意：上个月他回到家乡看望父母。时间状语“last month”为一般过去时标志，go的不规则过去式是went。 4．—What will Lisa do this weekend? —She will go ________ (camp) with her friends. 【答案】camping 【详解】句意：——丽莎这个周末会做什么？——她会和朋友们去露营。固定搭配“go + 动名词”表示“去进行某项活动”，因此所给动词“camp”需变为动名词“camping”。故填camping。 5．On the cold winter morning, people on the street are wearing thick ________ (scarf) to keep warm. 【答案】scarves/scarfs 【详解】句意：在寒冷的冬日清晨，街上的人们戴着厚厚的围巾保暖。主语people表示复数人群，此处要用scarf的复数形式，scarf有两种复数变形scarves、scarfs，故填scarves或scarfs。 6．In the ________ (comfort) classroom, students listened to the teacher in high spirits. 【答案】comfortable 【详解】句意：在舒适的教室里，学生们情绪高涨地听老师讲课。根据“students listened to the teacher in high spirits.”可知，学生所在的教室是舒适的，“comfort”意为“安慰”，是动词，此处需填入形容词“comfortable(舒适的)”，修饰后面的名词“classroom”。 7．—________ you ________ (go) to the beach last Sunday? —No, I didn't. I ________ (visit) my grandparents. 【答案】 Did go visited 【详解】句意：——上周日你去海滩了吗？——没有，我去看望我的祖父母了。 last Sunday为一般过去时标志，一般过去时一般疑问句句首用助动词Did，助动词后动词用原形go；答句为陈述句，谓语动词visit需变为过去式visited。 8．________ (somewhere) in this room must be the key to the door. Let’s search carefully. 【答案】Somewhere 【详解】句意：这个房间里的某个地方一定有门钥匙。我们仔细找找。括号内单词somewhere意为 “在某处”，后半句“Let’s search carefully”说明钥匙存在于房间内某一处地点，该单词为地点副词，无需变形，句首首字母大写。故填Somewhere。 9．There is ________ (nothing) interesting in today’s newspaper. All the news is boring. 【答案】nothing 【详解】句意：今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的内容。所有新闻都很无聊。前文已有“There is”和谓语，空格作主语，需填不定代词。结合后半句“All the news is boring”可知内容无趣，nothing表示“没有什么”，且nothing本身为否定词，符合句意。故填nothing。 10．I have ________ (anything) new to tell you. It’s just a normal day. 【答案】nothing 【详解】句意：我没有什么新消息要告诉你。这只是平常的一天。句中“It’s just a normal day.”提示没有特别的事情，且空格前为“have”，根据句意表示否定含义，且句中无其他否定词，故填nothing 11．My parents were busy, so I had to look after ________ (I) during the summer camp. 【答案】myself 【详解】句意：我的父母很忙，所以夏令营期间我不得不照顾自己。主语“我”和动作“照顾”的承受者相同，需用反身代词表示“照顾自己”，且主语为I，对应反身代词为myself。故填myself。 12．In the museum we knew that artists don’t create each artwork ________. (easy) 【答案】 easily 【详解】句意：在博物馆里我们了解到，艺术家创作每一件艺术品都不容易。修饰动词create要用副词，easy的副词形式是easily。 13．Don’t forget ________ (remind) Tony to take his passport. 【答案】 to remind 【详解】句意：别忘了提醒托尼带上他的护照。固定搭配forget to do sth.，意为“忘记去做某事”；remind sb. to do sth.，意为“提醒某人做某事”，空格在forget后，需要用不定式to remind。 14．I went to the art museum in Xi’an, the tourist ________ (guide) us through different halls. 【答案】guiding 【详解】句意：我去了西安的美术馆，导游带着我们参观了不同展厅。后半句是独立主格结构： 逻辑主语the tourist + 非谓语guiding，表伴随（导游领着我们参观展厅，和“我去博物馆”同时发生）。tourist和guide是主动关系，用现在分词guiding。 15．They ________ (not go) anywhere interesting last summer. 【答案】didn’t go 【详解】句意：去年夏天他们没有去任何有趣的地方。句中时间状语“last summer”是一般过去时的标志，说明动作发生在过去。一般过去时的否定句结构为“主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他”，故填didn’t go。 三、完成句子 1．他们在图书馆待了好几个小时，为考试做准备。 They ________ ________ the library for many hours to prepare for the exam. 【答案】 stayed in 【详解】原句中“待”是关键词，表示“停留、待着”的单词是stay，地点“在图书馆”前搭配介词in。本句描述已经发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，动词stay需变为过去式stayed。 2．无论何时他的同学们有困难，他都愿意帮助他们。 He ________ ________ ________ ________ his classmates whenever they have problems. 【答案】 is ready to help 【详解】句中“愿意帮助”是关键词，“愿意做某事”对应的短语为“be ready to do”，主语是“he”，be动词用“is”，“帮助”对应的单词为“help”，不定式符号“to”后用动词原形。 3．——你去年的假期怎么样? ——太糟糕了。 —________ ________ your holiday last year? —It was ________. 【答案】 How was terrible 【详解】原句中“怎么样”和“糟糕”是关键词，对应它们的英语单词分别是How和terrible。时间状语last year（去年）说明句子是一般过去时，主语your holiday是单数，所以be动词用过去式was，因此问句填How was。答语中的terrible是形容词作表语。 4．——你在山西博物院发现什么特别的东西了吗？ ——当然！晋侯鸟尊让我感到惊讶。 —Did you find ________ ________ in the Shanxi Museum? —Of course! The Bird-shaped Zun of the Marquis of Jin surprised me. 【答案】 anything special 【详解】原句中“什么特别的东西”是关键词。句子为一般疑问句，表示“某物”通常用不定代词anything。表示“特别的”的形容词是special，形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词必须后置。故填anything；special。 5．我上周末大部分时间都待在图书馆，没什么特别的事发生。 I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in the library last weekend, and ________ ________ happened. 【答案】 spent most of my time nothing special 【详解】原句中“大部分时间、没什么特别的事”是关键词，根据中文句子“上周末大部分时间都待在图书馆，没什么特别的事发生”可知，spent most of my time表示花费大部分时间，last weekend提示句子用一般过去时；nothing special表示没什么特别的事。 6．去年寒假，哈尔滨的冰雪大世界让我感到惊喜。 Last winter holiday, the Harbin Ice and Snow World ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 made me surprised 【详解】原句中“让我感到惊喜”是关键短语，固定搭配“make sb.+形容词”表示“使某人……”；句中时间状语last winter holiday为过去时间，谓语动词要用过去式make的过去式made，人称代词作宾语用宾格me，修饰人表示“感到惊喜的”用形容词surprised。 7．这张老照片常常让我想起我在乡下度过的快乐童年。 This old photo often ________ ________ ________ the happy childhood I spent in the countryside. 【答案】 reminds me of 【详解】原句中“让我想起”是关键词，表示“使某人想起……”的固定短语是remind sb of sth。本句主语“This old photo”为第三人称单数，且句中有频率副词“often”，提示句子时态为一般现在时，故动词remind需变为第三人称单数形式reminds。应填reminds；me；of。 8．和同学们一起参加研学旅行是非常有意义的。 It’s very meaningful ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ with classmates. 【答案】 to take a study trip 【详解】“It’s + adj. + to do sth.”（做某事是……的）。其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，因此第一个空必须填to。take a trip表示“出行、旅行”；study trip意为“研学旅行”。 9．——你在假期做了什么特别的事情吗？ ——是的。我尝试了滑翔伞运动，感觉像一只鸟。 —Did you do ________ ________ during the holiday? —Yes. I tried paragliding and ________ ________ a bird. 【答案】 anything special felt like 【详解】①②空：原句“特别的事情”是关键词，表示“特别的事情”短语是anything special，疑问句中anything放在形容词special前，在句中作do的宾语。 ③④空：原句中“感觉像”是关键词，表示“感觉像”的短语是feel like，and连接并列谓语，时态和tried保持一致用过去式felt，在句中作并列谓语。 10．每个人都应该在假期里尝试一些新事物。   Everyone should __________ something __________ on holiday. 【答案】 try new 【详解】原句中“尝试”、“新事物”是关键词，“尝试”用“try”表示，should后接动词原形；“新事物”用“new”修饰“something”，即something new。 11．My trip to Yunnan was very exciting. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ your trip to Yunnan? 【答案】 How was 【详解】句意：我的云南之旅非常令人激动。划线部分为“very exciting”，这是询问对事物的感受怎么样，用疑问词how 来提问。原句主语是“my trip to Yunnan”，be动词为was，变疑问句时将was放在主语前。 12．We went to the zoo yesterday afternoon. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ ________ ________ yesterday afternoon? 【答案】 Where did you go 【详解】句意：昨天下午我们去了动物园。画线部分“the zoo”表示地点，提问地点用疑问词Where，位于句首首字母大写；谓语动词“went”是过去式，变特殊疑问句需加助动词did，谓语动词还原为原形go，并将其放在主语之前；原句主语是第一人称“We”，在提问时通常转换为第二人称you。故填Where；did；you；go。 13．I stayed at home yesterday because it rained heavily. （对划线部分提问） ________ ________ you ________ yesterday? 【答案】 What did do 【详解】句意：昨天我待在家里，因为雨下得很大。划线部分是主语昨天做的具体行为，对“做什么事”提问，特殊疑问词用What。原句是一般过去时，变特殊疑问句需要在主语前加助动词did。助动词did后要跟动词原形，这里用实义动词do指代划线部分的具体动作。故填What；did；do。 14．I did something interesting last weekend.  (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ you ________ last weekend? 【答案】 What did do 【详解】句意：上周末我做了一些有趣的事。 画线部分something interesting是做的事情，对事物提问用疑问词What；原句为一般过去时，变疑问句要借助助动词did，主语I改为you，后面的实义动词还原为原形do。 15．They saw many cute animals on the school trip.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ they ________ on the school trip? 【答案】 What did do 【详解】句意：他们在学校旅行中看到了许多可爱的动物。画线部分是动作，需用疑问词What提问。原句为一般过去时，提问时需用助动词did，划线部分用do替换。What；did；do。 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Last summer holiday, I 1 a wonderful trip with my parents. We went to Qingdao, a beautiful coastal city. It 2 sunny and cool during our trip. In the daytime, we walked along the beach and enjoyed the fresh air. I tried 3 seafood for the first time. It was really delicious. My parents took many photos 4 us. We also visited some famous parks 5 interesting buildings. In the evening, we sometimes went shopping. There were many kinds of goods and everything looked 6 . I bought a small shell gift 7 my classmate. Although we were tired every day, we felt very happy. I think travelling is a good way 8 relax ourselves. It helps us know more about different places. I hope I 9 another great holiday trip next time. All in all, it was 10 unforgettable holiday for me. 1．A．have B．had C．has D．will have 2．A．is B．was C．are D．were 3．A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate 4．A．of B．for C．with D．about 5．A．but B．so C．and D．or 6．A．beautifully B．beautiful C．beauty D．more beautiful 7．A．to B．for C．at D．in 8．A．to B．of C．for D．with 9．A．have B．had C．will have D．am having 10．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者去年暑假与父母去青岛旅行的经历，包括天气、活动、购物和感受。 【详解】1．句意：去年暑假，我和父母有一次精彩的旅行。 时间状语“Last summer holiday”表示过去，have a trip为固定搭配，用过去式had。 2．句意：旅行期间天气是晴朗凉爽的。 主语“It”为单数，描述过去天气状况用一般过去时，系动词用was。 3．句意：我第一次尝试吃海鲜。 “try doing sth.”意为“尝试做某事（已做）”，强调体验过程，故填eating。 4．句意：我的父母给我们拍了许多照片。 “take photos of sb.”为固定搭配，意为“给某人拍照”，故填of。 5．句意：我们还参观了一些著名的公园和有趣的建筑。 前后为并列关系，用and连接。 6．句意：有很多种商品，每样东西看起来都很漂亮。 “looked”为系动词，后接形容词作表语，beautiful“漂亮的”符合语法搭配。 7．句意：我给同学买了一个小贝壳礼物。 “buy sth. for sb.”为固定搭配，意为“为某人买某物”，故填for。 8．句意：我认为旅行是放松我们自己的好方式。 “a good way to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“做某事的好方式”，故填to。 9．句意：我希望下次我能再有一次精彩的假期旅行。 “next time”表示将来，hope后接宾语从句，用一般将来时will have。 10．句意：对我来说，这是一个难忘的假期。 “unforgettable”以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，泛指“一个难忘的假期”。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City, is a famous museum in Beijing. It has 1 long history and was once the home of Chinese emperors. Today, people from many 2 (country) come to visit it and learn about China’s past. The museum is the 3 (large) ancient palace complex in the world. It 4 (cover) over 1,120,000 square meters. It has many old buildings with red walls 5 yellow roofs. Each building has its own story. 6 /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/ the museum, visitors can see more than 1.8 million objects. These 7 /ɪnˈkluːd/ paintings, old books, pottery, jade carvings, calligraphy, and many other artworks. They show the 8 /ɑːt/, culture, and how emperors lived and worked. In recent years, the Palace Museum has become more popular 9 visitors. More students and families come to learn history in a fun way. The Palace Museum is not only a place to see old things. It also shows the 10 (color) culture and history of China. By visiting the museum, people can better understand China and its traditions. 【答案】 1．a 2．countries 3．largest 4．covers 5．and 6．Inside 7．include 8．art 9．with/among 10．colorful 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北京的故宫博物院，包括其历史背景、建筑特色、馆藏文物以及近年来受欢迎的程度，展现了其作为中国文化象征的重要地位。 【详解】1．句意：它有着悠久的历史，曾经是中国皇帝的居所。根据“long history”可知此处表示泛指“一段悠久的历史”，long以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：如今，来自许多国家的人们来此参观，了解中国的过去。many后接可数名词复数countries“国家”。故填countries。 3．句意：该博物馆是世界上最大的古代宫殿建筑群。in the world表示范围，且定冠词the后跟形容词最高级largest“最大的”。故填largest。 4．句意：它占地面积超过112万平方米。此处可以表示客观事实用一般现在时，主语“It”后接动词第三人称单数形式covers。故填covers。 5．句意：它有许多红墙黄瓦的古建筑。“red walls”和“yellow roofs”是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 6．句意：在博物馆内，游客可以看到超过180万件物品。根据音标提示可知是介词inside“在……里面”，句子开头首字母大写。故填Inside。 7．句意：这些包括绘画、古籍、陶器、玉雕、书法和许多其他艺术品。根据音标提示可知是动词include“包括”，根据“visitors can see...”可知句子用一般现在时，主语“These”后接动词原形。故填include。 8．句意：它们展示了艺术、文化，以及皇帝们的生活和工作方式。根据音标提示可知是名词art“艺术”，不可数名词。故填art。 9．句意：近年来，故宫博物院越来越受游客欢迎。根据“become more popular...visitors”可知是变得受游客欢迎，become popular with/among...“受……欢迎”。故填with/among。 10．句意：它还展示了中国丰富多彩的文化和历史。根据“culture and history”可知此处用形容词作定语，color的形容词形式colorful“丰富多彩的”。故填colorful。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $