Unit 6 Wisdom counts 现在完成时和一般过去时（单元核心语法精练）英语沪教版2024八年级上册

Unit 6 Wisdom counts 核心语法精练（现在完成时和一般过去时的区别） 目录 A .考点概览·知识回顾 1 一、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 1 二、现在完成时和一般过去时的选用原则 2 B. 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 5 C. 综合攻坚·能力跃升 6 一、语法选择 6 二、短文填空 7 一、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 1. 定义不同 现在完成时表示现在已经完成的动作，或者过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到现在；而过去时表示过去存在的状态或发生的动作。如： · She was very naughty when she was 10 years old. 她十岁的时候十分淘气。 （这里用过去时说明她过去（十岁时）存在的状态。） · He went to the park yesterday. 他昨天去公园了。 （这里用过去时说明过去（昨天）发生的动作。） · She has finished her homework. 她已经完成她的作业。 （这里要用完成时说明完成作业这个动作已经发生和结束。） · She has been here for ten years.她已经住在这里十年了。 （这里要用完成时说明她住在这里这个动作或状态一直延续到现在（10年了），而且还可能一直延续下去。） 2.强调重点不同 现在完成时强调现在，强调现在已经完成的动作或持续到现在的状态和动作；而过去时强调的是过去发生的动作或存在的状态（现在那个状态已经不存在了）。 · The old man died yesterday. 那老人昨天死了。强调死亡发生在昨天。 · The old man has died. 那老人已经死了。强调死亡成为事实，die这个动作已经完成。 · The old man has been dead for about 20 hours. 那老人死了大约20个小时了。强调be dead 这个状态持续了约20个小时了。 3. 时间状语不同 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 · 常跟现在完成时用的时间状语有：so far, till, until, In the past ten years, up to now, since… ago, for…, now, already, yet, ever, never, before, recently, lately等 。 · 常跟过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week, last year, last month, the day before yesterday, just now, in 1980等过去的时间。 · 常见的同时可以用在过去时和完成时的时间状语：this morning, tonight, before, recently, lately. 二、现在完成时和一般过去时的选用原则 1.句子中含有for或since等引导的短语或句子时，谓语只能用延续性动词。 （×）She got married for 10 years. （√）She has been married for 10 years. 2.句子中如有过去时的时间状语（如yesterday, last week, in 1960等）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用一般过去时。 （×）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.  （√）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.  3 . since 从句中谓语动词多用一般过去时，而主句谓语动词用现在完成时；如果主句单纯表示一段时间，可用一般现在时代替现在完成时。 · We have been friends since we first met.自从第一次见面以来，我们一直是朋友。 · It is six years since we last saw each other.从我们上次见面到现在已有六年了。 4. 在时间或条件状语从句中， 须用现在完成时代替将来完成时。 · I will show you our garden when the rain has stopped.等雨停了之后，我领你去看看我们的花园。 5. 在含有序数词、表次数及形容词最高级的句型中一般用现在完成时。 · I have read this book twice, and it’s the most interesting one I’ve ever read. 这本书我读了两遍，是我读过的最有趣的书。 · This is the first time I have cooked dinner by myself.这是我第一次自己做饭。 一、单项选择 1．The famous table tennis player Wang Chuqin ________ 8 men’s singles championships in WTT events since 2022. A．won B．has won C．wins D．win 2．Alan ________ his winter camp in Switzerland last week and it is the first time that he ________ his hometown to experience a foreign culture. A．left for; has left B．left; left C．left for; left D．left; has left 3．Half an hour ________since the train ________. A．has passed; left B．has passed; has left C．passed; has left D．passed; left 4．—It’s almost two years since we came here. —How time flies! We ________ in Shouchun for so long. A．study B．studied C．will study D．have studied 5．Kate ________ for three months to get a good score. A．studies B．will study C．studied D．has studied 6．We have lived in Beijing ________. A．since two years B．for two years ago C．two years ago D．since two years ago 7．It ________ five years since I came to the city after finishing high school. A．was B．have been C．has been D．had been 8．My elder brother ________ as an engineer in the company for over 5 years. A．works B．will work C．is working D．has worked 9．________ you ________ (play) the piano for five years? A．Have; played B．Do; play C．Are; playing D．Will; play 10．—Do you still play tennis? —Oh, no. I ________ it for the past two years. A．didn’t play B．haven’t played C．played D．plays 11．Many artists ________ freedom to create new styles of art in the 20th century. A．fight for B．fought for C．are fighting for D．will fight for 12．—I Tom for two years. How is he now? Is he still often ill? —No. He is in excellent condition. A．don’t see B．haven’t seen C．didn’t see D．won’t see 13．Eric often ________ his aunt before he moved to the city. A．has visited B．visits C．visited D．is visiting 14．—What happened this morning? —I ________ late for school, because there ________ a heavy traffic. A．am; is B．was; was C．were; will be D．will be; were 15．—Excuse me, Sir. Can I catch the train to Beijing? —I’m afraid you can’t. The train ________ for just a few minutes. A．has left B．left C．has been away from D．has been away 16．My brother ________ college for over three years. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has entered D．has been in 17．The famous writer ________ for over a hundred years, but his works still have great influence (影响) today. A．died B．has died C．was dying D．has been dead 18．I ________ this book for three weeks. I have to return it now. A．borrowed B．have kept C．have borrowed D．kept 19．I ________ Fashion Club since last year. I can design beautiful clothes now. A．joined B．have joined C．was D．have been in 20．Our plan is to plant 50 trees. And we have planted half of them ________. A．so far B．at that time C．a moment ago D．next week 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．The basketball team (win) the match twice. 2．People are wondering why the price of most food (rise) so quickly in the past few years. 3．—Alex, did you find our old school last week? —Yes, but with much difficulty, for it (change) over these years. 4．His grandfather has (die) since two years ago. 5．As a top player, Daniel (practise) hard to improve his physical strength over the past six years. 6．The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you (not find) it yet, keep looking for it. 7．Luckily, Laura (catch) the early bus this morning, so she wasn’t late for school. 8．After years of hard work, the young scientist finally (succeed) in discovering a new medicine. 9．After arguing, Grant finally (realise) the importance of honesty. 10．It rained heavily yesterday, so I (stay) at home and watched TV. 11．They (continue) finishing their project after taking a good rest last week. 12．Nobody (get) any information about the accident. We are all worried. 13．Daniel (travel) to a lot of places before, but Wuxi interests him most. 14．They (marry) for 15 years, yet she still doesn’t know what kind of man he is. 15．—Mary, how long your family (live) in this flat? —Quite a few years, since we (move) to Xinyang ten years ago. 16．Two years (pass) since I came to the school to teach English. 17．Nobody except Tom and Millie (be) that park before. 18．I can’t get out of our neighborhood because I (forget) to bring the pass with me. 19．One day, Sun Quan (send) Cao Cao a present. 20．She’s kept herself very busy since she . (retire) 一、语法选择 Serena and her family were driving on the road. Suddenly she heard a loud “POP”. “A flat tire (轮胎)! This is making the boring trip even 1 .” she said. “No big deal! We 2 our adventure soon!” Her dad jumped out to change the tire. Feeling bored, Serena decided 3 her phone. “Ally is on a real adventure. She 4 Africa! Look at the pictures of wild animals on her Wechat Moments!” “Amazing!” Tony agreed. “You can show 5 , too.” “There’s 6 fun here! Nobody would like to see Dad changing a flat tire in the middle of nowhere!” “ 7 that’s the great thing about this whole trip!” Tony continued 8 , “We don’t know what surprises we might have! We’re on a true adventure! And I read that there’s 9 amazing place here. I found pictures online....” Serena put down her phone and listened to Tony. She looked out of the window, and wanted to know when to get there. But then she held her breath. “We 10 be quiet...”, she said to Tony in a low voice. Just on 11 side of the road, was a large group of wild horses walking slowly through the grasses. It was her 12 time to see animals like them. “Well, maybe we’re having a real adventure after all,” said Serena as she quickly took a picture of the horses 13 the window. “Exactly!” Tony said. “And all 14 we got a flat tire. So try to be as 15 as possible whatever we meet!” “Right. Maybe more surprises are waiting for us!” 1．A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 2．A．continue B．continued C．will continue D．is continuing 3．A．to check B．checked C．checking D．has checked 4．A．went to B．will go to C．has gone to D．goes to 5．A．us B．our C．we D．ours 6．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 7．A．Or B．But C．And D．So 8．A．excited B．exciting C．excitement D．excitedly 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．could B．may C．had better D．would 11．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 12．A．one B．the first C．first D．the one 13．A．through B．across C．in D．of 14．A．so B．if C．when D．because 15．A．cheerful B．more cheerful C．most cheerful D．cheerfully 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空。 Tom is the son of a farm owner. One New Year’s Day, 1 he was 15, his father asked him to work on the farm for one year when he was free. Tom 2 (be) unhappy with his father’s idea. He said, “That isn’t my job. I have too much homework to do.” Hearing this, his father said, “I promise to give you 3 (beautiful) present if you can finish one 4 (year) work.” Tom thought for a while 5 agreed. Starting on one Saturday, the boy got up early and worked hard until evening, just like any other farmer. Time passed quickly. Tom’s crops grew 6 (good). On the last day of the year, the father said, “I’m happy to see that you have worked very hard 7 these months. Now, tell me what you want.” The boy smiled and showed his father 8 big piece of bread made from his wheat. “I 9 (get) the best present already. No pains, no gains. I think this is what you wanted me to know.” His father was quite happy 10 (hear) that. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Wisdom counts 核心语法精练（现在完成时和一般过去时的区别） 目录 A .考点概览·知识回顾 1 一、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 1 二、现在完成时和一般过去时的选用原则 2 B. 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 8 C. 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 一、语法选择 11 二、短文填空 14 一、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 1. 定义不同 现在完成时表示现在已经完成的动作，或者过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到现在；而过去时表示过去存在的状态或发生的动作。如： · She was very naughty when she was 10 years old. 她十岁的时候十分淘气。 （这里用过去时说明她过去（十岁时）存在的状态。） · He went to the park yesterday. 他昨天去公园了。 （这里用过去时说明过去（昨天）发生的动作。） · She has finished her homework. 她已经完成她的作业。 （这里要用完成时说明完成作业这个动作已经发生和结束。） · She has been here for ten years.她已经住在这里十年了。 （这里要用完成时说明她住在这里这个动作或状态一直延续到现在（10年了），而且还可能一直延续下去。） 2.强调重点不同 现在完成时强调现在，强调现在已经完成的动作或持续到现在的状态和动作；而过去时强调的是过去发生的动作或存在的状态（现在那个状态已经不存在了）。 · The old man died yesterday. 那老人昨天死了。强调死亡发生在昨天。 · The old man has died. 那老人已经死了。强调死亡成为事实，die这个动作已经完成。 · The old man has been dead for about 20 hours. 那老人死了大约20个小时了。强调be dead 这个状态持续了约20个小时了。 3. 时间状语不同 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 · 常跟现在完成时用的时间状语有：so far, till, until, In the past ten years, up to now, since… ago, for…, now, already, yet, ever, never, before, recently, lately等 。 · 常跟过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week, last year, last month, the day before yesterday, just now, in 1980等过去的时间。 · 常见的同时可以用在过去时和完成时的时间状语：this morning, tonight, before, recently, lately. 二、现在完成时和一般过去时的选用原则 1.句子中含有for或since等引导的短语或句子时，谓语只能用延续性动词。 （×）She got married for 10 years. （√）She has been married for 10 years. 2.句子中如有过去时的时间状语（如yesterday, last week, in 1960等）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用一般过去时。 （×）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.  （√）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.  3 . since 从句中谓语动词多用一般过去时，而主句谓语动词用现在完成时；如果主句单纯表示一段时间，可用一般现在时代替现在完成时。 · We have been friends since we first met.自从第一次见面以来，我们一直是朋友。 · It is six years since we last saw each other.从我们上次见面到现在已有六年了。 4. 在时间或条件状语从句中， 须用现在完成时代替将来完成时。 · I will show you our garden when the rain has stopped.等雨停了之后，我领你去看看我们的花园。 5. 在含有序数词、表次数及形容词最高级的句型中一般用现在完成时。 · I have read this book twice, and it’s the most interesting one I’ve ever read. 这本书我读了两遍，是我读过的最有趣的书。 · This is the first time I have cooked dinner by myself.这是我第一次自己做饭。 一、单项选择 1．The famous table tennis player Wang Chuqin ________ 8 men’s singles championships in WTT events since 2022. A．won B．has won C．wins D．win 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自2022年以来，著名的乒乓球运动员王楚钦已经在世界乒乓球职业大联盟（WTT）赛事中赢得了8次男子单打冠军。 考查动词时态。根据句中的时间状语“since 2022”可知，“since+过去的时间点”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，故选B。 2．Alan ________ his winter camp in Switzerland last week and it is the first time that he ________ his hometown to experience a foreign culture. A．left for; has left B．left; left C．left for; left D．left; has left 【答案】A 【详解】句意：艾伦上周动身去了他的瑞士冬令营，这是他第一次离开家乡去体验外国文化。 考查动词短语及时态辨析。left for离开，动身去，动词过去式；has left已离开，现在完成时；left离开，动词过去式。根据“his winter camp in Switzerland last week”可知，第一空表示动身去往某地，且时态为过去时，故动词短语需用过去式；根据“it is the first time that”可知，that引导的从句需用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在的影响。故选A。 3．Half an hour ________since the train ________. A．has passed; left B．has passed; has left C．passed; has left D．passed; left 【答案】A 【详解】句意：火车离开已经半小时了。     考查动词时态。此处是since引导的从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，即：第一空表示“半小时已经过去”，强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时（has passed）；第二空表示“火车离开”是过去的动作，用一般过去时（left）。故选A。 4．—It’s almost two years since we came here. —How time flies! We ________ in Shouchun for so long. A．study B．studied C．will study D．have studied 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——自从我们来到这里已经几乎两年了。——时间过得多快！我们在寿春学习这么长时间了。 考查动词时态。study动词原形；studied过去式；will study一般将来时；have studied现在完成时。根据时间状语“for so long”和选项可知，应用现在完成时。故选D。 5．Kate ________ for three months to get a good score. A．studies B．will study C．studied D．has studied 【答案】D 【详解】句意：凯特为了取得好成绩已经学习了三个月。 考查时态。根据“for three months”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”。故选D。 6．We have lived in Beijing ________. A．since two years B．for two years ago C．two years ago D．since two years ago 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们在北京住了两年了。 考查现在完成时的时间状语。根据“We have lived in Beijing”可知句子是现在完成时，而且句中谓语动词是延续性动词。故选D。 7．It ________ five years since I came to the city after finishing high school. A．was B．have been C．has been D．had been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：高中毕业后来到这座城市已经五年了。 考查现在完成时。根据“since I came...”可知，主句的时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has+过去分词，主语是it，助动词用has，be动词的过去分词为been。故选C。 8．My elder brother ________ as an engineer in the company for over 5 years. A．works B．will work C．is working D．has worked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我哥哥在这家公司当工程师已经5年多了。 考查时态。根据“for over 5 years”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选D。 9．________ you ________ (play) the piano for five years? A．Have; played B．Do; play C．Are; playing D．Will; play 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你弹钢琴已经五年了吗？ 考查动词时态。根据“for five years”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，选项A符合现在完成时结构。故选A。 10．—Do you still play tennis? —Oh, no. I ________ it for the past two years. A．didn’t play B．haven’t played C．played D．plays 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你仍然打网球吗？——哦，不了。过去两年我没有打网球。 考查动词时态。根据“for the past two years.”可知，该句是现在完成时，表示过去的行为持续到现在的情况，故选B。 11．Many artists ________ freedom to create new styles of art in the 20th century. A．fight for B．fought for C．are fighting for D．will fight for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多艺术家在 20 世纪为创作新的艺术风格而争取自由。 考查时态。根据“in the 20th century”可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，“fight”的过去式是“fought”。故选B。 12．—I Tom for two years. How is he now? Is he still often ill? —No. He is in excellent condition. A．don’t see B．haven’t seen C．didn’t see D．won’t see 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我已经两年没见汤姆了。他现在怎么样？还经常生病吗？——没有。他现在身体非常好。 考查现在完成时。根据“for two years”可知，时态为现在完成时have/has + 过去分词结构。故选B。 13．Eric often ________ his aunt before he moved to the city. A．has visited B．visits C．visited D．is visiting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Eric在搬到城市之前经常去看望他的姑姑。 考查一般过去时。根据“Eric often…his aunt before he moved to the city.”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选C。 14．—What happened this morning? —I ________ late for school, because there ________ a heavy traffic. A．am; is B．was; was C．were; will be D．will be; were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今天早上发生了什么？——我上学迟到了，因为交通很拥堵。 考查动词的时态。am、is均为一般现在时，am用于第一人称单数，is用于第三人称单数；was为一般过去时，用于第一人称单数和第三人称单数；were为一般过去时，用于第二人称及复数；will be将是，为一般将来时。根据“What happened this morning?”可知，时态为一般过去时，答句描述的是过去发生的事情，时态也应使用一般过去时。第一空主语为I，be动词用was；第二空主语为“a heavy traffic”，属于第三人称单数，be动词用was。故选B。 15．—Excuse me, Sir. Can I catch the train to Beijing? —I’m afraid you can’t. The train ________ for just a few minutes. A．has left B．left C．has been away from D．has been away 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，先生。我能赶上那趟去北京的火车吗？——恐怕不能。那趟火车已经刚开走几分钟了。 考查动词时态与动词辨析。has left离开，现在完成时；left离开，一般过去时；has been away from从……离开，现在完成时，延续性短语，需接地点；has been away离开，现在完成时，延续性短语。根据“...for just a few minutes”可知，此处需用现在完成时且动词为延续性动词，“has been away” 符合语境，故选D。 16．My brother ________ college for over three years. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has entered D．has been in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的哥哥在大学已经超过三年了。 考查词语辨析。has gone to后接地点，表示去了某地未回来；has been to后接地点，表示去某地已经回来；has entered进入，enter为非延续性动词，不能和时间段连用；has been in后接地点，表示在某地持续的状态，与时间段连用。根据“for over three years”为时间段及语境可知应是持续在大学上学三年多，故选D。 17．The famous writer ________ for over a hundred years, but his works still have great influence (影响) today. A．died B．has died C．was dying D．has been dead 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位著名作家已去世一百多年，但他的作品至今仍有很大影响。 考查现在完成时的延续性动词用法。died死，过去式；has died死，现在完成时结构，瞬间性动作；was dying正在死，过去进行时结构；has been dead已经死了，现在完成时结构，延续性状态。根据“for over a hundred years”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，且需用延续性动词或状态。故选D。 18．I ________ this book for three weeks. I have to return it now. A．borrowed B．have kept C．have borrowed D．kept 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这本书我借了三周了。我现在得还回去了。 考查动词时态辨析。borrowed借，过去式；have kept已经保存，现在完成时；have borrowed已经借，现在完成时；kept保存，过去式。根据“I…this book for three weeks.”可知，这里需要一个能与时间段“for three weeks”连用的延续性动词，borrow是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，keep是延续性动词，且此处强调过去发生的动作持续到现在，用现在完成时，have kept符合语境。故选B。 19．I ________ Fashion Club since last year. I can design beautiful clothes now. A．joined B．have joined C．was D．have been in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我从去年起就加入了时尚俱乐部。我现在可以设计漂亮的衣服了。 考查现在完成时。根据“since last year”可知，时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has done。join是非延续性动词，不能与since引导的时间状语连用。此处应用be in表延续性动作。故选D。 20．Our plan is to plant 50 trees. And we have planted half of them ________. A．so far B．at that time C．a moment ago D．next week 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的计划是种50棵树。到目前为止，我们已经种了其中的一半。 考查副词短语。so far到目前为止（常用于现在完成时）；at that time在那时（常用于过去进行时）；a moment ago刚才（常用于一般过去时）；next week下周（常用于一般将来时）。根据“we have planted half of them”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，现在完成时通常与so far这类表示从过去持续到现在的时间状语连用。故选A。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．The basketball team (win) the match twice. 【答案】has won 【详解】句意：这支篮球队已经两次赢得比赛了。根据“twice”可知，此处表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，时态应用现在完成时，其结构是：have/has+动词过去分词；主语“The basketball team”是单数，所以应用助动词has，win的过去分词是won。故填has won。 2．People are wondering why the price of most food (rise) so quickly in the past few years. 【答案】has risen 【详解】句意：人们想知道为什么过去几年里大多数食品的价格上涨得如此之快。根据“in the past few years”可知，应该使用现在完成时，主语为“the price”，是单数，所以应该使用“has”，“rise”的过去分词为“risen”。故填has risen。 3．—Alex, did you find our old school last week? —Yes, but with much difficulty, for it (change) over these years. 【答案】has changed 【详解】句意：——Alex，你上周找到我们的母校了吗？——是的，但很困难，因为这些年它变化很大。根据“over these years”可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为“it”，用has changed。故填has changed。 4．His grandfather has (die) since two years ago. 【答案】been dead 【详解】句意：他的祖父两年前就去世了。根据“since two years ago”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，且表示一段时间，die为非延续性动词，不能和一段时间连用，be dead表示状态，能和一段时间连用，应填been dead。故填been dead。 5．As a top player, Daniel (practise) hard to improve his physical strength over the past six years. 【答案】has practised 【详解】句意：作为一名顶级球员，丹尼尔在过去的六年里一直努力训练以提高他的体力。根据“over the past six years”可知，强调时间的延续，用现在完成时。故填has practised。 6．The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you (not find) it yet, keep looking for it. 【答案】haven’t found 【详解】句意：做伟大工作的唯一方法是热爱你所做的事情。如果你还没有找到，继续寻找。根据“yet”可知，本句是现在完成时的否定句，主语是you，助动词用haven’t，find的过去分词是found。故填haven’t found。 7．Luckily, Laura (catch) the early bus this morning, so she wasn’t late for school. 【答案】caught 【详解】句意：幸运的是，劳拉今天早上赶上了早班车，所以她上学没有迟到。根据“so she wasn’t late for school”可知，时态为一般过去时，此处用catch“赶上”的过去式。故填caught。 8．After years of hard work, the young scientist finally (succeed) in discovering a new medicine. 【答案】succeeded 【详解】句意：经过多年努力，这位年轻科学家最终成功发现了一种新药。根据时间状语“After years of hard work”和副词“finally”可知，动作发生在过去，故句子时态为一般过去时。“succeed”意思是“成功”，动词，其过去式为“succeeded”，符合语境。故填succeeded。 9．After arguing, Grant finally (realise) the importance of honesty. 【答案】realised 【详解】句意：争吵后，Grant终于意识到诚实的重要性。本句时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填realised。 10．It rained heavily yesterday, so I (stay) at home and watched TV. 【答案】stayed 【详解】句意：昨天雨下得很大，所以我待在家里看电视。根据“It rained heavily yesterday”可知，此处为一般过去时，动词用过去式stayed“待”，故填stayed。 11．They (continue) finishing their project after taking a good rest last week. 【答案】continued 【详解】句意：上周好好休息之后，他们继续完成他们的项目。根据“last week”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。continue“继续”，动词，其过去式为continued。故填continued。 12．Nobody (get) any information about the accident. We are all worried. 【答案】has got 【详解】句意：没有人得到关于这起事故的任何信息。我们都很担心。根据后句“We are all worried.”可知，“没有得到信息”这一动作对现在造成了影响（大家担心），应用现在完成时；主语“Nobody”是不定代词，视为单数，助动词用has，get的过去分词是got。故填has got。 13．Daniel (travel) to a lot of places before, but Wuxi interests him most. 【答案】has traveled/has travelled 【详解】句意：丹尼尔之前去过很多地方旅行，但无锡最让他感兴趣。根据“before”可知，这里表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“Daniel”是第三人称单数，助动词用“has”，“travel”的过去分词是“traveled”或“travelled”。故填has traveled/has travelled。 14．They (marry) for 15 years, yet she still doesn’t know what kind of man he is. 【答案】have been married 【详解】句意：她已经嫁给他15年了，但她仍然不知道他是个什么样的人。根据可知此处应用现在完成时“主语+have/has+done”，并且与一段时间连用，非延续动词“marry”需变为延续性动词“be married”，主语“they”是第三人称复数，助动词应用“have”，“be”需变为过去分词“been”。故填have been married。 15．—Mary, how long your family (live) in this flat? —Quite a few years, since we (move) to Xinyang ten years ago. 【答案】 have lived moved 【详解】句意：——Mary，你们家在这套公寓里住了多久了？——自从我们十年前搬到信阳以来，已经有好几年了。how long“多久”，通常与现在完成时连用，family在这里表示“家人”，看作复数形式，助动词用have。根据“ten years ago”可知，第三个空填动词过去式，故填have；lived；moved。 16．Two years (pass) since I came to the school to teach English. 【答案】has passed 【详解】句意：我来这所学校教英语已经两年了。since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，谓语动词由“have/has+过去分词”构成。主语two years是一段时间，是一个整体，看作是第三人称单数，助动词用has，pass的过去分词是passed。故填has passed。 17．Nobody except Tom and Millie (be) that park before. 【答案】has been to 【详解】句意：除了汤姆和米莉没人以前去过那个公园。根据“before”可知，从过去至今为止，时态为现在完成时。主语“Nobody”为三单，所以应是has been to意为“去过某地”。故填has been to。 18．I can’t get out of our neighborhood because I (forget) to bring the pass with me. 【答案】have forgotten 【详解】句意：我不能离开我们的社区，因为我忘了带通行证。根据“I can’t get out of our neighborhood”我不能离开我们的社区，可知“忘记带通行证”是过去发生的事情，对现在造成影响，用现在完成时态，结构是“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语“I”是第一人称，助动词用have，forget的过去分词是forgotten“忘记”。故填have forgotten。 19．One day, Sun Quan (send) Cao Cao a present. 【答案】sent 【详解】句意：一天，孙权送给曹操一个礼物。根据“One day, Sun Quan…Cao Cao a present.”及提示词可知，此处表示“送一个礼物”，句子描述的是过去的动作，时态用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，send“送”，动词，过去式为sent。故填sent。 20．She’s kept herself very busy since she . (retire) 【答案】retired 【详解】句意：自从她退休后，她就让自己保持忙碌。分析句子可知，主句为现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句，表示的是从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，因此从句中的动词应该使用过去式，retire的过去式是retired。故填retired。 一、语法选择 Serena and her family were driving on the road. Suddenly she heard a loud “POP”. “A flat tire (轮胎)! This is making the boring trip even 1 .” she said. “No big deal! We 2 our adventure soon!” Her dad jumped out to change the tire. Feeling bored, Serena decided 3 her phone. “Ally is on a real adventure. She 4 Africa! Look at the pictures of wild animals on her Wechat Moments!” “Amazing!” Tony agreed. “You can show 5 , too.” “There’s 6 fun here! Nobody would like to see Dad changing a flat tire in the middle of nowhere!” “ 7 that’s the great thing about this whole trip!” Tony continued 8 , “We don’t know what surprises we might have! We’re on a true adventure! And I read that there’s 9 amazing place here. I found pictures online....” Serena put down her phone and listened to Tony. She looked out of the window, and wanted to know when to get there. But then she held her breath. “We 10 be quiet...”, she said to Tony in a low voice. Just on 11 side of the road, was a large group of wild horses walking slowly through the grasses. It was her 12 time to see animals like them. “Well, maybe we’re having a real adventure after all,” said Serena as she quickly took a picture of the horses 13 the window. “Exactly!” Tony said. “And all 14 we got a flat tire. So try to be as 15 as possible whatever we meet!” “Right. Maybe more surprises are waiting for us!” 1．A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 2．A．continue B．continued C．will continue D．is continuing 3．A．to check B．checked C．checking D．has checked 4．A．went to B．will go to C．has gone to D．goes to 5．A．us B．our C．we D．ours 6．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 7．A．Or B．But C．And D．So 8．A．excited B．exciting C．excitement D．excitedly 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．could B．may C．had better D．would 11．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 12．A．one B．the first C．first D．the one 13．A．through B．across C．in D．of 14．A．so B．if C．when D．because 15．A．cheerful B．more cheerful C．most cheerful D．cheerfully 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文讲述了塞蕾娜和爸爸的一次旅行经历。 1．句意：这让这次无聊的旅行更加糟糕。 bad糟糕的；badly糟糕地；worse比较级；worst最高级。even后应跟比较级形式，故选C。 2．句意：我们将很快继续我们的冒险！ continue继续，动词原形；continued动词过去式；will continue一般将来时；is continuing现在进行时。根据句中soon可知，该句应用一般将来时“will do”，故选C。 3．句意：塞雷娜觉得无聊，决定检查一下手机。 to check检查，动词不定式；checked动词过去式；checking动词现在分词；has checked现在完成时。decide to do意为“决定做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故选A。 4．句意：她去了非洲！ went to去，动词过去式；will go to一般现在时；has gone to现在完成时；goes to一般现在时。根据“Ally is on a real adventure.”可知，Ally去非洲还没有回来，应用现在完成时，故选C。 5．句意：你也可以展示我们的。 us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；we我们，主格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“You can show…too.”可知，这里指展示我们的冒险旅行，空格后没有名词，应用名词性物主代词，故选D。 6．句意：这里一点乐趣都没有！ something某物；nothing没什么；everything所有东西；anything任何事情。根据“Nobody would like to see Dad changing a flat tire in the middle of nowhere!”可知，这里指一点乐趣都没有，故选B。 7．句意：但这就是这次旅行的伟大之处！ Or或者；But但是；And和；So因此。根据“We don’t know what surprises we might have! We’re on a true adventure!”可知，此处应表转折，所以用转折连词but，故选B。 8．句意：托尼兴奋地继续说。 excited激动的，修饰人；exciting令人激动的，修饰物；excitement激动，名词；excitedly激动地，副词。此处修饰动词，应用副词形式，故选D。 9．句意：我读到这里有一个神奇的地方。 a不定冠词，用在辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用在元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词；/不填。此处表泛指，且amazing以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an，故选B。 10．句意：“我们最好安静……”她低声对托尼说。 could能；may可以；had better最好；would愿意。根据“But then she held her breath.”可知，此处是建议最好安静点，故选C。 11．句意：就在路的另一边，有一大群野马在草地上慢慢地走着。 another再一；other其它的；others其他人；the other两者之中的另一个。on the other side of the road意为“在马路的另一边”，故选D。 12．句意：这是她第一次看到像它们这样的动物。 one没有特指，一般指人；the first特指第一；first第一；the one代替前文提到的人或物。该句为句型“It’s one’s first time to do sth.”意为“某人第一次做某事”，故选C。 13．句意：“好吧，也许我们毕竟在进行一场真正的冒险，”塞雷娜一边说，一边迅速地从窗户拍下了马的照片。 through通过(内部)；across通过(平面)；in在……里；of在……的。根据“took a picture of the horses…the window”可知，这里指穿过窗户内部拍照，故选A。 14．句意：这一切都是因为我们的轮胎漏气了。 so所以；if如果；when当……时候；because因为。根据“And all…we got a flat tire.”可知，这里指这一切都是因为我们的轮胎漏气，故选D。 15．句意：所以，无论我们遇到什么，都要尽量保持愉快！ cheerful愉快的，形容词；more cheerful比较级；most cheerful最高级；cheerfully愉快地，副词。根据句中be可知，此处应用形容词作表语，又因为“as+形容词原级+as”表示“和……一样”，故选A。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空。 Tom is the son of a farm owner. One New Year’s Day, 1 he was 15, his father asked him to work on the farm for one year when he was free. Tom 2 (be) unhappy with his father’s idea. He said, “That isn’t my job. I have too much homework to do.” Hearing this, his father said, “I promise to give you 3 (beautiful) present if you can finish one 4 (year) work.” Tom thought for a while 5 agreed. Starting on one Saturday, the boy got up early and worked hard until evening, just like any other farmer. Time passed quickly. Tom’s crops grew 6 (good). On the last day of the year, the father said, “I’m happy to see that you have worked very hard 7 these months. Now, tell me what you want.” The boy smiled and showed his father 8 big piece of bread made from his wheat. “I 9 (get) the best present already. No pains, no gains. I think this is what you wanted me to know.” His father was quite happy 10 (hear) that. 【答案】 1．when 2．was 3．the most beautiful 4．year’s 5．and 6．well 7．for 1．a 2．have got 3．to hear 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了汤姆从辛勤工作中学到的道理。 1．句意：有一年年初，他15岁时，父亲让他有空时在农场工作一年。空格后为“he was 15”，故此处应用“当……时”。when意为“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故填when。 2．句意：汤姆对他父亲的想法很不高兴。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事，故句子应用过去时态，且主语为“Tom”，故be动词应用was。故填was。 3．句意：如果你能完成一年的工作，我保证会给你最漂亮的礼物。根据下文“I have got the best present already”可知，此处指的是保证会给你最漂亮的礼物。形容词beautiful意为“美丽的”，其最高级形式为the most beautiful，意为“最美丽的”。故填the most beautiful。 4．句意：如果你能完成一年的工作，我保证会给你最漂亮的礼物。空格后为名词“work”，此处应用名词所有格形式，即year’s。故填year’s。 5．句意：汤姆想了一会儿，同意了。空格前后为并列结构“thought for a while”和“agreed”，故应用并列连词and，意为“和”，符合句意，故填and。 6．句意：汤姆的庄稼长得很好。空格前为动词“grew”，故应用副词修饰。形容词good的副词形式为well，意为“好地”，符合句意，故填well。 7．句意：我很高兴看到你在这些岁月里非常努力。根据“you have worked very hard”可知，该句为现在完成时，these months表示一段时间，所以用介词for，故填for。 8．句意：男孩笑着给父亲看了一大块用小麦做的面包。a big piece of为固定搭配，意为“一大块”，符合句意，故填a。 9．句意：我已经得到了最好的礼物。根据句中“already”提示，句子应用现在完成时，且主语为“I”，故空格处应填have got，故填have got。 10．句意：他的父亲听到后非常高兴。be happy to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“很高兴做某事”，符合句意，故填to hear。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $