Unit 2 Exploring English 构词法（核心语法精练）英语外研版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦构词法专项，通过基础识别到语篇应用的递进训练，系统提升词形转换与词汇理解能力，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考点夯基|单项选择10题、单词拼写10题、语法填空10题|考查前缀（un-）、后缀（-ful/-less）、复合词识别及词性转换|从构词规则识别（前缀/后缀/复合词）到词性转换，形成“概念识别-词形变化”逻辑链| |综合提升|语法填空1篇、阅读理解1篇、完形填空1篇|在语篇中考查构词法应用，如派生词辨析、词义推断|从单句词形转换到语篇语境应用，实现“基础规则-语用能力”的迁移递进|

Unit 2 Exploring English 核心语法精练 （构词法） 目录 1 二、考点夯基 2 一、单项选择 2 二、单词拼写 3 三、语法填空 4 三、综合提升 5 一、语法填空 5 二、阅读理解 5 三、完形填空 7 一、单项选择 1．（24-25高一上·广东深圳·阶段检测）Which of the following words is formed like “impossible”? A．reporter B．blackboard C．dishonest D．harmless 2．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）What a terrible snowstorm! Which of the following words is formed in the same way as the word “snowstorm”? A．careless B．railway C．unhealthy D．tourist 3．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·阶段检测）We can’t put prefix “un-” to ________ to give it the opposite meaning. A．correct B．comfortable C．certain D．interesting 4．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·阶段检测）“For a moment, he was speechless. Happiness seemed to fill his body and stick in his throat.” Which word is formed in the same way as “speechless”? A．disappear B．dangerous C．footprint D．impossible 5．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）Which of the following words can NOT be added the prefix “un-” to give it the opposite meaning? _____ A．polite B．healthy C．usual D．happy 6．（24-25高一上·广东·期中）“For a moment, he was speechless. Happiness seemed to fill his body and stick in his throat.” Which word is formed in the same way as “speechless”? A．cook B．footprint C．UNESCO D．creative 7．（24-25高一上·广东·期中）Which of the following is NOT a compound word? A．helpless B．eggplant C．hard-working D．sleepwalk 8．（24-25高一上·广东·期中）Which of the following words CAN’T form a new word with “-ship”? A．friend B．relation C．scholar D．business 9．（24-25高一上·广东深圳·期中）Which of the following suffixes is the opposite (反义词) of “-ful”? A．-able B．-ness C．-less D．-ous 10．（24-25高一上·广东深圳·期中）Which of the following words is combined by two words? A．poster B．impressive C．exchange D．butterfly 二、单词拼写 （2025高一·全国·专题练习）词性转换 11．patient adj. 有耐心的 n. 病人→__________ n. 耐心→__________ adv. 耐心地→__________ adj. 不耐烦的，急躁的→__________ n. 不耐烦，急躁，焦躁 12．hunger n. 饥饿→__________ adj. 饥饿的 13．announcement n. 声明；宣告→__________ v. 声明； 宣告→__________ n. 播音员，宣告者 14．response n. 回答；反应；回应→__________ vt. & vi. 回答，响应→__________ adj. 负有责任的；应承担责任的；对……负责的→__________ n. 义务；职责；责任；负责 15．serious adj. 严肃的→__________ adv. 严肃地，认真地，严重地→__________ n. 严肃性；认真，严重性 16．connection n. 联系；关系；关联→__________ v. 连接，联系→__________ adj. 有关联的；连在一起的 17．achievement n. 成就；功业；伟绩→__________ v. 实现，完成；达到；达到目的→__________ n. 获得成功的人→__________ adj. 可完成的；可有成就的；做得成的 18．annoy vt. 使……不悦；惹恼→__________ adj. 颇为生气的→__________ adj. 使人烦恼的__________→ n. 烦恼 19．ignore vt. 忽视；置之不理→__________ adj. 无知的；不了解的→__________ adv. 无知地；不学无术地→__________ n. 无知 20．differ vi. 不同，不一样，有区别→__________ n. 不同；区别→__________ adj. 不同的，有区别的 三、语法填空 21．（23-24高一上·全国·课后作业）The delay in delivery has put us to great_________________ (convenience). （用所给词的适当形式填空） 22．（26-27高一上·全国·课后作业）Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was_________________ (shock). (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．（2026高一下·甘肃平凉·专题练习）Listening to the story about how the explorer survived the whirlpool, we looked at him with_________________ (admire). (所给词的适当形式填空) 24．（2025高一·全国·专题练习）Liang Jianying, general_________________ (design) of the China’s high-speed EMU, was born in 1972. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．（22-23高一上·全国·课后作业）Rapidly nodding your head can leave the impression that you are_________________ (patient) and too eager to add something to the conversation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26．（22-23高一上·全国·课后作业）If one is late for a job interview, it is_________________ (likely) that he will get the job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．（20-21高一上·福建厦门·期中）He is a good teacher who never expresses the least_________________ (patience) with slow learners. （所给词的适当形式填空） 28．（22-23高二·全国·假期作业）It is_________________ (legal) to employ someone under the age of sixteen. （所给单词适当形式填空） 29．（24-25高三下·全国·一轮复习）He didn’t understand the_________________ (puzzle) question, so there was a_________________ (puzzle) expression on his face. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30．（26-27高一上·全国·课后作业）Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable_________________ (remind) of fact than a prayer at dinner time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 1、 语法填空 （25-26高一上·云南丽江·期中）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Liu Wen 31 (study) English since primary school, He used to get high marks in English, but now he is having a lot of trouble 32 his listening. When he listens to native English speakers talking in a video, he can catch only 33 few words, He can never quite get the main idea. 34 (listen) to English radio programmes helps Jia Xin get used to how fast native speakers talk. She also repeats 35 she hears to help herself to experience the feeling of the language. Sometimes she even 36 (record) her voice so she can listen to herself and compare her 37 (pronounce) with the radio host's! Her biggest headache is how 38 (be) polite in English. Li Rui thinks it all depends on who you're talking to. If 39 (talk) to a close friend, you can use short 40 (request), like “Open the window”. But if talking to someone who isn’t very close to you, you must make it a question, not a demand, e.g., “Could you open the window, please？” 二、阅读理解 （25-26高一下·广东广州·期中）Have you ever obeyed the suggestions of a digital writing assistant to replace a word or restructure a sentence? Before the appearance of digital tools, you’d probably have turned to a dictionary for the same assistance. Dictionaries enable us to write not with fail-safe convenience but with originality and a point of view. While AI assistants produce phrases and statements so writers don’t have to think them up, dictionaries provide us with the knowledge to use language ourselves in expressive and potentially infinite (无穷的) ways. They place choice and authority literally in human hands, forcing us to discover how we want to explain ourselves and our ideas to the world. The abundance of digital writing assistants gives greater urgency to debates about what a dictionary should be. In 1946, George Orwell described good writing as “picking out words for the sake of their meaning,” a practice that dictionaries facilitate while digital writing programs discourage. Writers consulting a dictionary make a choice, while writers guided by an app have their choices made for them. The digital-native approach delivers hands-off, derivative (衍生的) communication. The other requires leafing through pages without knowing exactly where you’ll end up. Without dictionaries to provide us with a guide to English’s potential, writing that way is nearly impossible. Our ability to express ourselves is critical — it helps us define who we are. Dictionaries aid us in achieving this: They categorize our unique ways of thinking through language. I’m a Canadian; my feeling of pride in my native land is enhanced by small verbal Canadianisms like eaves trough or serviette, which are well-documented in dictionaries but rarely used by AI chatbots, for the most part. As digital writing extends deeper into our lives and minds, we need dictionaries more than ever. Abandoning dictionaries and embracing mechanized writing would weaken our capacity for collective identity quite as much as the ability to express ourselves. 41．What might be a distinct feature of dictionaries according to the author? A．They promise fail-safe phrases. B．They promote creative writing. C．They possess academic authority. D．They provide ready-made expressions. 42．What does the author imply about writers who rely on digital writing assistants? A．They write with greater efficiency and accuracy. B．They produce more original and expressive texts. C．They lose the opportunity to make meaningful choices. D．They are more likely to follow George Orwell’s advice. 43．Why does the author mention “eaves trough” and “serviette” in paragraph 4? A．To show how AI aids us in expressing. B．To indicate the weakness of dictionaries. C．To illustrate how language use affects identity. D．To celebrate the diversity of Canadian English. 44．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why Keep Your Dictionary? B．How to Deal with Digital Writing? C．Who Uses Writing Assistants? D．What to Expect from Dictionaries? 三、完形填空 （25-26高一上·河南濮阳·期末）In Europe, most students learn a foreign language, but in the United States, only a few do. From 1997 to 2008, the number of American middle schools teaching foreign languages 45 from 75 percent to 58 percent. Later, many colleges 46 their language programs. At first, this looks like a serious problem. But now, I am starting to accept a different 47 . What is changing my mind is 48 . Not long ago, I was in Belgium and saw various tourists from different 49 using speech translation apps to turn their own 50 into English or French. I know learning a foreign language can help us 51 the world in a new way. However, can we really say the low level of French or Spanish we 52 in school really gave us a new look into the world? For 53 purposes, like asking for directions in Rome, we can 54 it at the press of a button. With a smartphone and an app, we can communicate 55 in a foreign country. Still, real language 56 are important for those who want to 57 books, films, or music in the original (原来的) language. For them, speaking and understanding a language is still 58 . In this sense, learning a language may not be as necessary as before. This may seem 59 , but it is a kind of progress. 45．A．dropped B．remained C．appeared D．survived 46．A．restarted B．closed C．designed D．studied 47．A．word B．letter C．view D．honor 48．A．technology B．culture C．preparation D．sincerity 49．A．cities B．groups C．colleges D．countries 50．A．language B．selection C．picture D．lecture 51．A．miss B．control C．understand D．escape 52．A．put away B．gave back C．wondered at D．picked up 53．A．risky B．creative C．practical D．senseless 54．A．imagine B．achieve C．overuse D．limit 55．A．secretly B．anxiously C．quietly D．easily 56．A．skills B．tests C．scores D．masters 57．A．store B．borrow C．enjoy D．protect 58．A．simple B．valuable C．similar D．impersonal 59．A．unsafe B．unusual C．lively D．honest 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Exploring English 核心语法精练 （构词法） 目录 1 二、考点夯基 2 一、单项选择 2 二、单词拼写 5 三、语法填空 5 三、综合提升 8 一、语法填空 8 二、阅读理解 9 三、完形填空 12 一、单项选择 1．（24-25高一上·广东深圳·阶段检测）Which of the following words is formed like “impossible”? A．reporter B．blackboard C．dishonest D．harmless 【答案】C 【解析】考查构词法。形容词impossible“不可能的”是由否定前缀“im-”加上形容词possible构成的。形容词dishonest“不诚实的”是由否定前缀“dis-”加上形容词honest构成的，类似于impossible的构成方式。reporter是一个名词，表示“记者”，它是由动词report“报道”加上表示人的后缀“-er”构成的。blackboard是一个名词，表示“黑板”，它是由black“黑色的”和board“板子”两个词组合而成的复合词。harmless是一个形容词，表示“无害的”，这个词是通过在名词harm“伤害”后面加上后缀“-less”形成的。故选C。 2．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）What a terrible snowstorm! Which of the following words is formed in the same way as the word “snowstorm”? A．careless B．railway C．unhealthy D．tourist 【答案】B 【解析】考查构词法。snowstorm“暴风雪”是由snow和storm合成的，属于合成词。railway“铁路”是由rail和way合成的，属于合成词。其他词是由一个词根变来的，属于派生词。故选B项。 3．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·阶段检测）We can’t put prefix “un-” to ________ to give it the opposite meaning. A．correct B．comfortable C．certain D．interesting 【答案】A 【解析】考查否定前缀。句意：我们不能给correct加上前缀“un-”来给它相反的意思。A. correct正确的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. certain肯定的；D. interesting有趣的。correct的否定前缀是“in-”，其他三项均可加否定前缀“un-”，故选A。 4．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·阶段检测）“For a moment, he was speechless. Happiness seemed to fill his body and stick in his throat.” Which word is formed in the same way as “speechless”? A．disappear B．dangerous C．footprint D．impossible 【答案】B 【解析】考查构词法。句意：“他一时说不出话来。幸福似乎充满了他的身体，卡在了他的喉咙里。”  哪个单词与“speechless”的构成方式相同？A. disappear消失；B. dangerous危险的；C. footprint足迹；D. impossible不可能的。形容词speechless是由名词“speech”加后缀“less”而构成，形容词dangerous由名词danger加后缀“ous”而构成，两者构词方式相同。A、D项均是“前缀+词根”构成，C项为合成词。故选B。 5．（23-24高一上·广东深圳·期中）Which of the following words can NOT be added the prefix “un-” to give it the opposite meaning? _____ A．polite B．healthy C．usual D．happy 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词的前缀。impolite意为“不礼貌的”；unhealthy意为“不健康的”；unusual 意为“不同寻常的”；unhappy 意为“不快乐的”。不能在polite前面加 un构成它的反义词。故选A。 6．（24-25高一上·广东·期中）“For a moment, he was speechless. Happiness seemed to fill his body and stick in his throat.” Which word is formed in the same way as “speechless”? A．cook B．footprint C．UNESCO D．creative 【答案】D 【解析】考查构词法。句意：他一时说不出话来。幸福似乎充满了他的身体，卡在了他的喉咙里。”哪个单词与“speechless”的构成方式相同？A. cook烹饪；B. footprint脚印；C. UNESCO联合国教科文组织；D. creative创造性的。选项中creative与speechless的构词法一样，都是通过添加后缀改变了词性和意思，故选D。 7．（24-25高一上·广东·期中）Which of the following is NOT a compound word? A．helpless B．eggplant C．hard-working D．sleepwalk 【答案】A 【解析】考查构词法。题干询问哪一项不是复合词，A项helpless不是复合词，less是后缀；B项eggplant是由egg和plant组合而成的名词；C项hard-working是由hard和working组合而成的形容词；D项sleepwalk是由sleep和walk组合而成的动词。故选A。 8．（24-25高一上·广东·期中）Which of the following words CAN’T form a new word with “-ship”? A．friend B．relation C．scholar D．business 【答案】D 【解析】考查词的构成。句意：下列哪个单词不能与“-ship”组成一个新词？A. friend + -ship = friendship（友谊）；B. relation + -ship = relationship（关系）；C. scholar + -ship = scholarship（奖学金）；D. business + -ship = businessship（此词不存在）故选D项。 9．（24-25高一上·广东深圳·期中）Which of the following suffixes is the opposite (反义词) of “-ful”? A．-able B．-ness C．-less D．-ous 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词后缀。句意：以下哪个后缀与“-ful”相反？A. –able形容词后缀，能……的；B. –ness名词后缀，描述状态、性质或品质；C. –less形容词后缀，没有，缺少；D. -ous形容词后缀，充满……的。句中“-ful”为形容词后缀，意为“充满……的”，浏览选项可知，与其意思相反的是“–less”，形容词后缀，表示“没有，缺少”。故选C项。 10．（24-25高一上·广东深圳·期中）Which of the following words is combined by two words? A．poster B．impressive C．exchange D．butterfly 【答案】D 【解析】考查构词法。句意：以下哪个单词是由两个单词组合而成的？A. poster海报；B. impressive让人印象深刻的；C. exchange交换；D. butterfly蝴蝶。butterfly：这个词由“butter”（黄油）和“fly”（飞）两个词组合而成。故选D。 二、单词拼写 （2025高一·全国·专题练习）词性转换 11．patient adj. 有耐心的 n. 病人→__________ n. 耐心→__________ adv. 耐心地→__________ adj. 不耐烦的，急躁的→__________ n. 不耐烦，急躁，焦躁 12．hunger n. 饥饿→__________ adj. 饥饿的 13．announcement n. 声明；宣告→__________ v. 声明； 宣告→__________ n. 播音员，宣告者 14．response n. 回答；反应；回应→__________ vt. & vi. 回答，响应→__________ adj. 负有责任的；应承担责任的；对……负责的→__________ n. 义务；职责；责任；负责 15．serious adj. 严肃的→__________ adv. 严肃地，认真地，严重地→__________ n. 严肃性；认真，严重性 16．connection n. 联系；关系；关联→__________ v. 连接，联系→__________ adj. 有关联的；连在一起的 17．achievement n. 成就；功业；伟绩→__________ v. 实现，完成；达到；达到目的→__________ n. 获得成功的人→__________ adj. 可完成的；可有成就的；做得成的 18．annoy vt. 使……不悦；惹恼→__________ adj. 颇为生气的→__________ adj. 使人烦恼的__________→ n. 烦恼 19．ignore vt. 忽视；置之不理→__________ adj. 无知的；不了解的→__________ adv. 无知地；不学无术地→__________ n. 无知 20．differ vi. 不同，不一样，有区别→__________ n. 不同；区别→__________ adj. 不同的，有区别的 【答案】 11． patience patiently impatient impatience 12．hungry 13． announce announcer 14． respond responsible responsibility 15． seriously seriousness 16． connect connected 17． achieve achiever achievable 18． annoyed annoying annoyance 19． ignorant ignorantly ignorance 20． difference different 三、语法填空 21．（23-24高一上·全国·课后作业）The delay in delivery has put us to great_________________ (convenience). （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】inconvenience 【解析】考查名词。句意：发货的延迟给我们带来了很大的不便。根据句意“发货延迟”会导致“不便”。根据形容词修饰名词，空前为形容词great,所以空处用名词作宾语。所以convenience 便利 变为 inconvenience 不便利。故填inconvenience。 22．（26-27高一上·全国·课后作业）Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was_________________ (shock). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】shocked 【解析】考查形容词。句意：大多数文章篇幅不到一页，几乎没有句子能被解读为论点陈述。我感到很震惊。此处需要形容词作表语，修饰主语I，表达“感到震惊的”状态，shocked为形容词，意为“（人）感到震惊的”。故填shocked。 23．（2026高一下·甘肃平凉·专题练习）Listening to the story about how the explorer survived the whirlpool, we looked at him with_________________ (admire). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admiration 【解析】考查名词。句意：听着这位探险家如何在漩涡中幸存下来的故事，我们钦佩地看着他。根据介词with可知，此处需要名词作宾语；admire为动词，其名词形式admiration意为“钦佩、赞赏”，不可数名词。故填admiration。 24．（2025高一·全国·专题练习）Liang Jianying, general_________________ (design) of the China’s high-speed EMU, was born in 1972. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】designer 【解析】考查名词。句意：中国高速动车组总设计师梁建英出生于1972年。空处用于形容词general之后，应用名词形式作同位语，说明Liang Jianying的身份，使用名词designer，意为“设计师”，此处指“总设计师”，用名词的单数形式。故填designer。 25．（22-23高一上·全国·课后作业）Rapidly nodding your head can leave the impression that you are_________________ (patient) and too eager to add something to the conversation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】impatient 【解析】考查形容词和构词法。句意：迅速点头会给人留下你没有耐心、急于在谈话中添加内容的印象。are后需跟形容词作表语，由too eager to add something to the conversation可知，句子是说“迅速点头会给人留下你没有耐心、急于在谈话中添加内容的印象”，因此空格处为“不耐心的”，其形容词为impatient，故填impatient。 26．（22-23高一上·全国·课后作业）If one is late for a job interview, it is_________________ (likely) that he will get the job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】unlikely 【解析】考查形容词和构词法。句意：如果一个人面试迟到，他就不太可能得到工作。由If one is late for a job interview（如果一个人面试迟到）可知，如果一个人面试迟到，他就不太可能得到工作，因此空格处为“不可能的”，is后跟形容词作表语，“不可能的”的形容词为unlikely，故填unlikely。 27．（20-21高一上·福建厦门·期中）He is a good teacher who never expresses the least_________________ (patience) with slow learners. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】impatience 【解析】考查构词法。句意：他是一位好老师，对学得慢的学生从不表现出丝毫不耐烦的。根据句意，应是“不耐烦，没耐心”；patience是名词“耐心”，前面加上否定前缀im-，构成其反义词impatience“不耐烦”。故填impatience。 28．（22-23高二·全国·假期作业）It is_________________ (legal) to employ someone under the age of sixteen. （所给单词适当形式填空） 【答案】illegal 【解析】考查形容词。句意：雇用16岁以下的人是违法的。根据背景知识，“employ someone under the age of sixteen（雇佣16岁以下的人）”应该是违法的；legal是“合法的”，应加否定前缀il-， 构成形容词illegal，意思为“非法的”。故填illegal。 29．（24-25高三下·全国·一轮复习）He didn’t understand the_________________ (puzzle) question, so there was a_________________ (puzzle) expression on his face. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 puzzling puzzled 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他不明白这个令人费解的问题，所以他的脸上露出了困惑的神情。第一空处需填形容词，用来修饰事物，用-ing结尾的形容词puzzling，意为“令人迷惑，使人困惑的”，修饰question，说明问题本身的性质是让人难以理解的；第二空处需填形容词，用来描述人的表情，用-ed结尾的形容词puzzled，意为“困惑的，迷惑不解的”，修饰expression，表明他因为不理解那个问题而呈现出困惑的状态，故填puzzling；puzzled。 30．（26-27高一上·全国·课后作业）Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable_________________ (remind) of fact than a prayer at dinner time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reminder 【解析】考查名词。句意：或许这种感觉来自在南非的成长经历，在那里，“非洲有儿童在挨饿”这句话，与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是一个令人不安的事实提醒。空格前有不定冠词an和形容词uncomfortable，需要填入单数名词作of的宾语；动词remind的名词形式是reminder，意为“提醒物，令人想起……的事物”，符合语境。故填reminder。 1、 语法填空 （25-26高一上·云南丽江·期中）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Liu Wen 31 (study) English since primary school, He used to get high marks in English, but now he is having a lot of trouble 32 his listening. When he listens to native English speakers talking in a video, he can catch only 33 few words, He can never quite get the main idea. 34 (listen) to English radio programmes helps Jia Xin get used to how fast native speakers talk. She also repeats 35 she hears to help herself to experience the feeling of the language. Sometimes she even 36 (record) her voice so she can listen to herself and compare her 37 (pronounce) with the radio host's! Her biggest headache is how 38 (be) polite in English. Li Rui thinks it all depends on who you're talking to. If 39 (talk) to a close friend, you can use short 40 (request), like “Open the window”. But if talking to someone who isn’t very close to you, you must make it a question, not a demand, e.g., “Could you open the window, please？” 【答案】 31．has been studying 32．with 33．a 34．Listening 35．what 36．records 37．pronunciation 38．to be 39．talking 40．requests 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述刘文、贾欣和李锐三位同学在英语学习中遇到的不同问题，以及对应的学习方法。 【解析】31．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：刘文从小学起就一直学习英语。此空考查谓语动词，主语Liu Wen与study为主动关系，再根据时间状语“since primary school” 可知，这里应用现在完成进行时，强调动作持续至今且仍在继续；主语Liu Wen为第三人称单数。故填has been studying。 32．考查介词。句意：他过去英语成绩很好，但现在听力方面却困难重重。这里考查固定搭配have trouble with sth.，意为“在某事上有困难”。故填with。 33．考查限定词。句意：当他看视频里以英语为母语的人说话时，只能听懂寥寥几个单词。这里考查固定搭配a few，意为“几个、一些”，修饰可数名词复数。故填a。 34．考查非谓语动词。句意：收听英语广播节目帮助贾欣习惯了以英语为母语的人的语速。分析句子结构可知，此处用动名词作句子主语，表泛指的动作，且句首首字母应大写。故填Listening。 35．考查宾语从句。句意：她还会重复听到的内容，以此帮助自己体会这门语言的语感。空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，指代“听到的内容”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 36．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：有时她甚至会录下自己的声音，这样就能听听自己的发音，并和电台主持人的发音做对比。此空考查谓语动词，主语she与record为主动关系，根据频度副词Sometimes可知，这里应用一般现在时表习惯性发生的动作；主语she为第三人称单数。故填records。 37．考查名词。句意：有时她甚至会录下自己的声音，这样就能听听自己的发音，并和电台主持人的发音做对比。形容词性物主代词her后需接名词，pronounce的名词形式为pronunciation，表“发音”，这里为不可数名词，符合语境。故填pronunciation。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：她最头疼的问题是如何用英语表达礼貌。分析句子结构可知，这里考查“疑问词+不定式” 结构，作表语，表“如何做到礼貌”。故填to be。 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果和关系好的朋友说话，你可以用简短的请求语，比如“开窗”。此处为状语从句的省略，当if引导的状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语含有be动词 时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，从句谓语用现在分词或过去分词形式。主语you与talk为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填talking。 40．考查名词复数。句意：如果和关系好的朋友说话，你可以用简短的请求语，比如 “开窗”。request，表“请求”，为可数名词，前面无冠词限定，应用复数形式表泛指。故填requests。 二、阅读理解 （25-26高一下·广东广州·期中）Have you ever obeyed the suggestions of a digital writing assistant to replace a word or restructure a sentence? Before the appearance of digital tools, you’d probably have turned to a dictionary for the same assistance. Dictionaries enable us to write not with fail-safe convenience but with originality and a point of view. While AI assistants produce phrases and statements so writers don’t have to think them up, dictionaries provide us with the knowledge to use language ourselves in expressive and potentially infinite (无穷的) ways. They place choice and authority literally in human hands, forcing us to discover how we want to explain ourselves and our ideas to the world. The abundance of digital writing assistants gives greater urgency to debates about what a dictionary should be. In 1946, George Orwell described good writing as “picking out words for the sake of their meaning,” a practice that dictionaries facilitate while digital writing programs discourage. Writers consulting a dictionary make a choice, while writers guided by an app have their choices made for them. The digital-native approach delivers hands-off, derivative (衍生的) communication. The other requires leafing through pages without knowing exactly where you’ll end up. Without dictionaries to provide us with a guide to English’s potential, writing that way is nearly impossible. Our ability to express ourselves is critical — it helps us define who we are. Dictionaries aid us in achieving this: They categorize our unique ways of thinking through language. I’m a Canadian; my feeling of pride in my native land is enhanced by small verbal Canadianisms like eaves trough or serviette, which are well-documented in dictionaries but rarely used by AI chatbots, for the most part. As digital writing extends deeper into our lives and minds, we need dictionaries more than ever. Abandoning dictionaries and embracing mechanized writing would weaken our capacity for collective identity quite as much as the ability to express ourselves. 41．What might be a distinct feature of dictionaries according to the author? A．They promise fail-safe phrases. B．They promote creative writing. C．They possess academic authority. D．They provide ready-made expressions. 42．What does the author imply about writers who rely on digital writing assistants? A．They write with greater efficiency and accuracy. B．They produce more original and expressive texts. C．They lose the opportunity to make meaningful choices. D．They are more likely to follow George Orwell’s advice. 43．Why does the author mention “eaves trough” and “serviette” in paragraph 4? A．To show how AI aids us in expressing. B．To indicate the weakness of dictionaries. C．To illustrate how language use affects identity. D．To celebrate the diversity of Canadian English. 44．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why Keep Your Dictionary? B．How to Deal with Digital Writing? C．Who Uses Writing Assistants? D．What to Expect from Dictionaries? 【答案】41．B 42．C 43．C 44．A 【导语】文章主要讲述了在数字写作助手盛行的当下，词典对写作和表达自我及集体身份的重要性。 41．细节理解题。根据第二段中“While AI assistants produce phrases and statements so writers don’t have to think them up, dictionaries provide us with the knowledge to use language ourselves in expressive and potentially infinite (无穷的) ways.(虽然人工智能助手会生成短语和语句，这样作家就不必去想，但字典为我们提供了知识，让我们能够以富有表现力和无限的方式自己使用语言。)”可知，字典能促进创造性写作。 42．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Writers consulting a dictionary make a choice, while writers guided by an app have their choices made for them.(查阅字典的作家会做出选择，而由应用程序指导的作家的选择是由程序为他们做出的。)”可知，依赖数字写作助手的作家失去了做出有意义选择的机会。 43．推理判断题。根据第四段“Our ability to express ourselves is critical — it helps us define who we are. Dictionaries aid us in achieving this: They categorize our unique ways of thinking through language. I’m a Canadian; my feeling of pride in my native land is enhanced by small verbal Canadianisms like eaves trough or serviette, which are well-documented in dictionaries but rarely used by AI chatbots, for the most part.(我们的自我表达能力至关重要 —— 它帮我们界定自我身份。词典有助于我们实现这一点：它借助语言，梳理并归纳我们独特的思维方式。我是加拿大人；一些细微的加拿大特有表达，比如“eaves trough(屋檐水槽)”和“serviette(餐巾)”，让我对祖国的自豪感愈发强烈。这类表达在词典里都有详实收录，但在大多数情况下，人工智能聊天机器人却很少使用。)”可知，作者以加拿大特有词汇为例，说明语言的使用方式（词汇选择）能加强对自身文化身份的认同感。 44．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“As digital writing extends deeper into our lives and minds, we need dictionaries more than ever. Abandoning dictionaries and embracing mechanized writing would weaken our capacity for collective identity quite as much as the ability to express ourselves.(随着数字写作更深入地渗透到我们的生活和思想中，我们比以往任何时候都更需要字典。放弃字典，接受机械化写作，会削弱我们的集体身份认同能力，就像削弱我们表达自己的能力一样。)”可知，文章主要讨论了在数字写作助手盛行的当下，词典对写作和表达自我及集体身份的重要性。“Why Keep Your Dictionary?(为什么要保留你的字典？)”适合作为文章标题。 三、完形填空 （25-26高一上·河南濮阳·期末）In Europe, most students learn a foreign language, but in the United States, only a few do. From 1997 to 2008, the number of American middle schools teaching foreign languages 45 from 75 percent to 58 percent. Later, many colleges 46 their language programs. At first, this looks like a serious problem. But now, I am starting to accept a different 47 . What is changing my mind is 48 . Not long ago, I was in Belgium and saw various tourists from different 49 using speech translation apps to turn their own 50 into English or French. I know learning a foreign language can help us 51 the world in a new way. However, can we really say the low level of French or Spanish we 52 in school really gave us a new look into the world? For 53 purposes, like asking for directions in Rome, we can 54 it at the press of a button. With a smartphone and an app, we can communicate 55 in a foreign country. Still, real language 56 are important for those who want to 57 books, films, or music in the original (原来的) language. For them, speaking and understanding a language is still 58 . In this sense, learning a language may not be as necessary as before. This may seem 59 , but it is a kind of progress. 45．A．dropped B．remained C．appeared D．survived 46．A．restarted B．closed C．designed D．studied 47．A．word B．letter C．view D．honor 48．A．technology B．culture C．preparation D．sincerity 49．A．cities B．groups C．colleges D．countries 50．A．language B．selection C．picture D．lecture 51．A．miss B．control C．understand D．escape 52．A．put away B．gave back C．wondered at D．picked up 53．A．risky B．creative C．practical D．senseless 54．A．imagine B．achieve C．overuse D．limit 55．A．secretly B．anxiously C．quietly D．easily 56．A．skills B．tests C．scores D．masters 57．A．store B．borrow C．enjoy D．protect 58．A．simple B．valuable C．similar D．impersonal 59．A．unsafe B．unusual C．lively D．honest 【答案】 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．D 50．A 51．C 52．D 53．C 54．B 55．D 56．A 57．C 58．B 59．B 【导语】本文为一篇议论文，探讨了美国外语学习普及率持续下降的现象，作者起初认为这是严重的问题，却因科技发展改变了看法，作者认为这种变化看似反常，实则是一种进步。 【解析】45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从1997年到2008年，开设外语课程的美国中学比例从75%下降到了58%。A. dropped下降；B. remained保持；C. appeared出现；D. survived幸存。根据上文“In Europe, most students learn a foreign language, but in the United States, only a few do.”和下文“Later, many colleges their language programs.”可知，开设外语课程的中学比例呈下降趋势。故选A。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，许多大学也关停了它们的语言课程。A. restarted重新开始；B. closed关闭、关停；C. designed设计；D. studied研究。根据上文“From 1997 to 2008, the number of American middle schools teaching foreign languages from 75 percent to 58 percent.”和下文“At first, this looks like a serious problem.”可知，大学也随之采取了关停语言课程的举措，与上文形成递进的消极趋势。故选B。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在，我开始接受一种不同的观点。A. word话语；B. letter信件；C. view观点、看法；D. honor荣誉。根据上文“At first, this looks like a serious problem.”和下文“What is changing my mind is ”可知，作者如今形成了与之前不同的观点。故选C。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：改变我想法的是科技。A. technology科技；B. culture文化；C. preparation准备；D. sincerity真诚。根据下文“Not long ago, I was in Belgium and saw various tourists from different using speech translation apps to turn their own into English or French.”可知，是科技的发展让作者对语言学习的必要性有了新的看法。故选A。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久前，我在比利时看到来自不同国家的各色游客，正使用语音翻译软件把自己的语言转换成英语或法语。A. cities城市；B. groups群体；C. colleges大学；D. countries国家。根据上文“Not long ago, I was in Belgium”和下文“using speech translation apps to turn their own into English or French.”可知，这些游客来自不同的国家。故选D。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久前，我在比利时看到来自不同国家的各色游客，正使用语音翻译软件把自己的语言转换成英语或法语。A. language语言；B. selection选择；C. picture图片；D. lecture讲座。根据上文“using speech translation apps”和下文“into English or French”可知，翻译软件的作用是将使用者自身的语言转换成其他语言。故选A。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道学习一门外语能帮助我们以一种新的方式理解世界。A. miss错过；B. control控制；C. understand理解；D. escape逃离。根据下文“However, can we really say the low level of French or Spanish we in school really gave us a new look into the world?”可知，学习外语能够帮助人们了解不同的文化、交流方式，进而以新的视角理解世界。故选C。 52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我们真的能说，我们在学校里学到的那点基础的法语或西班牙语，真的能让我们以新的视角看世界吗？A. put away收好；B. gave back归还；C. wondered at对……感到好奇；D. picked up偶然学会、习得。根据上文“I know learning a foreign language can help us the world in a new way.”和下文“For purposes, like asking for directions in Rome, we can it at the press of a button.”可知，此处指人们在学校课堂中粗浅习得的外语知识。故选D。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于实用的用途，比如在罗马问路，我们按一下按钮就能实现。A. risky有风险的；B. creative创造性的；C. practical实用的；D. senseless无意义的。根据下文“like asking for directions in Rome, we can it at the press of a button.”可知，这是日常生活中具体的、实用的场景。故选C。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于实用的用途，比如在罗马问路，我们按一下按钮就能实现。A. imagine想象；B. achieve实现；C. overuse过度使用；D. limit限制。根据上文“For purposes, like asking for directions in Rome”和下文“With a smartphone and an app, we can communicate in a foreign country.”可知，在问路这类实用场景中，人们只需通过操作软件（按按钮）就能实现外语交流的目的。故选B。 55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了智能手机和翻译软件，我们在国外就能轻松交流。A. secretly秘密地；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. quietly安静地；D. easily轻松地。根据上文“For   purposes, like asking for directions in Rome, we can it at the press of a button.”和下文“Still, real language are important for those who want to books, films, or music in the original language.”可知，智能手机和翻译软件让人们在国外的交流变得简单、轻松。故选D。 56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，对于那些想要欣赏原版书籍、电影或音乐的人来说，真正的语言技能依然十分重要。A. skills技能；B. tests测试；C. scores分数；D. masters大师。根据上文“With a smartphone and an app, we can communicate in a foreign country.”和下文“For them, speaking and understanding a language is still .”可知，这需要人们具备真正的、专业的语言技能，而非基础的外语知识。故选A。 57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，对于那些想要欣赏原版书籍、电影或音乐的人来说，真正的语言技能依然十分重要。A. store储存；B. borrow借；C. enjoy欣赏、享受；D. protect保护。根据上文“Still, real language are important”和下文“in the original language”可知，此处指以原版语言去欣赏、享受这些作品。故选C。 58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，说懂一门语言依然是很有价值的。A. simple简单的；B. valuable有价值的；C. similar相似的；D. impersonal客观的。根据上文“Still, real language are important for those who want to books, films, or music in the original language.”和下文“In this sense, learning a language may not be as necessary as before.”可知，掌握一门语言对于这类人群来说具有重要的价值。故选B。 59．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从这个意义上来说，学习一门语言可能不再像以前那样必要了。这看似反常，但实则是一种进步。A. unsafe不安全的；B. unusual反常的、不寻常的；C. lively生动的；D. honest诚实的。根据上文“In this sense, learning a language may not be as necessary as before.”和“I know learning a foreign language can help us the world in a new way.”可知，作者如今提出的观点与传统认知相悖，因此这种看法看似是反常的。故选B。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $