Unit 1 Section A(导学案)英语新教材人教版八年级上册

2026-07-12
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 Section A
类型 学案-导学案
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 3.82 MB
发布时间 2026-07-12
更新时间 2026-07-12
作者 Love英语
品牌系列 上好课·上好课
审核时间 2026-07-12
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/58755249.html
价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该初中英语导学案围绕“Happy Holiday”主题,聚焦假期活动词汇、一般过去时及复合不定代词等核心知识,通过假期经历话题导入,衔接已有时态学习,以听力捕捉信息、填空练习、语篇填空为支架,引导学生逐步掌握目标语言。 资料以分层任务设计(学习理解-应用实践-迁移创新)为特色,通过语法对比辨析(如spend/pay等用法)提升思维品质,分课时练习与错题反思培养学习能力,融入续写故事、口头报告等真实语境任务,有效发展学生语言运用能力,符合新课标核心素养要求。

内容正文:

Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section A导学案 1.识别并掌握假期活动相关词汇(如 ancient buildings、landscape、strawberry festival 等)及旅行话题相关短语(如 go to the mountains、visit grandparents、take music lessons 等);理解一般过去时在假期经历描述中的时态特征,识别规则与不规则动词的过去式形式(如 went、saw、ate、took、visited 等);感知复合不定代词(something、anything、nothing、someone、anyone 等)的形式与基本含义;通过听对话获取人物假期目的地、主要活动、所见所闻,梳理出人物、地点、活动等关键信息。(学习理解) 2.完成 1b、2a-2b 听力任务,准确捕捉假期活动信息,完成 1c 总结填空;完成 3b 对话填空和 3c 语篇填空,在语境中正确选用不定代词;依据语法规则,精准运用一般过去时构建假期交流语句;根据思维导图或表格复述文本内容,清晰复述、讨论 Yaming 和 Emma 的假期经历。(应用实践) 3.围绕假期经历创意续写故事,灵活运用不定代词和一般过去时丰富情节;完成一份口头报告,运用恰当的不定代词介绍自己的假期活动及感受;写一篇关于难忘假期的短文。(迁移创新) 重点:1. 掌握询问假期经历的核心句型及应答; 2. 正确使用不定代词(anyone, anything)和描述性形容词(relaxing, exciting, unforgettable)。 3. 熟练运用 Did you...? 和 Where/What did you...? 进行假期话题的问答。 难点:1. 连贯描述假期经历,逻辑清晰地整合地点、人物、活动和感受; 2. 在语境中准确运用“不定代词 + 形容词”结构(如something special, anything interesting)。 3. 一般过去时的正确运用:在真实交际中准确使用动词过去式,同时能在询问经历与评价感受; 复合不定代词的灵活运用。 一、单词填空 1.__________________/ˈeɪnʃənt/ adj. 古代的;古老的 2.__________________/kæmp/ n. 度假营;营地 v. 露营;宿营 3.__________________ /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. 风景;景色 4.__________________/streɪndʒ/ adj. 奇怪的;陌生的 5.__________________/vəˈkeɪʃn/ n. 假期;度假 6._____________ /fænˈtæstɪk/ adj. 极好的;了不起的 7._____________ /taʊn/ n. 镇;商业区 8._____________ /breθ/ n. 呼吸的空气;一口气 9._____________ 令人惊叹;让人叹绝 10._____________ /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其;特别 11._____________ /stiːmd/ chicken soup 汽锅鸡 12._____________ /ˈeniweə(r)/ adv. & pron.在任何地方;随便哪个地方 13._____________ /ˈnʌθɪŋ/pron. 没有任何东西;没有事 14._______________ /ˈsiːnəri/ n. 风景;景色 15._______________ /sɪlk/ n. 丝绸;(蚕)丝 16._______________/skɑːf/ n. 围巾;披巾 17._______________只有;只是 18._______________/həʊˈtel/ n. 旅馆;旅社 19._______________ adj. 使人舒服的;舒适的 20._______________/ˈredi/ adj. 准备好的;现成的adv. 已做完;已完成 21._______________ 马上要(做某事);愿意做 22._______________ /ˈsʌmweə(r)/adv. 在某处;到某处pron. 某处;某个地方 23._______________/skaɪ/ n. 天;天空 24._______________ /bɔːd/ adj. 厌倦的;烦闷的 25._______________ 站起;起立 26._______________ (= toward) prep. 向;朝 27._______________/ˈreɪnbəʊ/ n. 虹;彩虹 二、短语填空 1. _________________________上音乐课 2. _________________________拜访我的祖父母 3. _________________________参观一些古建筑 4. _________________________去夏令营 5. _________________________迎客松 6. _________________________云海 7. _________________________怪石 8. _________________________回去美国 9. _________________________没人想离开 10. _________________________待了十天 11._________________________在山里远足 12. _________________________ 看日出 13.._________________________令人惊叹;让人叹绝 14._________________________拍照 15._________________________待在家 16._________________________玩游戏 17._________________________ 任何特别的事 18._________________________在假期中 19._________________________西湖 20._________________________准备做 21._________________________决定做某事 22._________________________寻找 23._________________________走向. 三、翻译 1. 亚明和他的家人去了黄山。 2. 在节日上,她吃一些草莓饼干和巧克力。 3. 那里的风景令人惊叹。 4. 艾玛去哪里度假了? 5. 你做了什么令人感兴趣的事情吗? 6.你的假期过得怎么样? _________________________________________________ 7.它太棒了! _________________________________________________ 8.我在山里徒步旅行,并且看到了日出。 _________________________________________________ 9.它多么美丽啊! _________________________________________________ 10.那真是太棒了 _________________________________________________ 11.我们在老城区待了几天。 _________________________________________________ 12.它让我惊呆了 _________________________________________________ 13.一切都很好吃,尤其是蒸鸡汤。 _________________________________________________ 14.我只待在家里看书、玩游戏和放松。 _________________________________________________ 15.我只待在家里看书、玩游戏和放松。 ____________________________________________________ 16.我们经历了一段美好的时光。 ____________________________________________________ 17.当我到达那个小镇时,雨下得很大,所以我除了待在旅馆里,什么也做不了。 ____________________________________________________ 18.床很舒适,而且一切都很干净。 ____________________________________________________ 19.每个人都准备好去找个地方去了。 ____________________________________________________ 20.我站起来,朝窗户走去。 ____________________________________________________ 知识点1:How do people spend their holidays?人们如何度过他们的假期? ①人 + spend + 时间/金钱 + on + 名词/代词 意为“在……上花费了……(时间/钱)” I spent 500 yuan on this jacket.(我买这件夹克花了500块。) ②人 + spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) + Doing sth. 意为“花费……做某事”(in 可以省略,这是最常用的考点) She spends two hours (in) practicing the piano every day.(她每天花两小时练钢琴。) ③人 + spend + 时间 + with + 人 意为“与……一起度过(时光)” I want to spend more time with my family.(我想多陪陪家人。) 辨析pay, spend, take与cost 词 主语(谁花) 结构(后面跟什么) 侧重点 Spend 人 人 + spend + 钱/时 + on/doing 主动花费(最常用) Cost 物/事 物 + cost + 人 + 钱/时 某物“值”多少钱(主语是东西) Take It (形式主语) It + takes + 人 + 时间 + to do 花时间去做某事(只用于时间) Pay 人 人 + pay + 钱 + for + 物 付钱给某人/买某物(只用于金钱) 实战对比例句: I spent 20 yuan on this meal. (我用餐花了20块) This meal cost me 20 yuan. (这顿饭花了我20块——主语是“饭”) It takes me 30 minutes to eat this meal. (吃这顿饭花了我30分钟) I paid 20 yuan for this meal. (我为这顿饭付了20块——强调“支付”这个动作) pay off意为“成功;奏效;达到目的”,可用于表示辛苦的付出终有回报。 如:Our hard work paid off. 我们的努力得到了回报。 知识点2:The landscape there was amazing. amazing (adj.令人惊叹的)用法;形容事物非常棒或令人惊喜。 The sunset over the mountains was amazing. (山上的日落太美了!) Your drawing is amazing! (你的画太棒了!) 知识点3:Where did Emma go on vacation holiday? go on vacation/holiday(去度假)用法:指离开家去旅行放松。 My family goes on vacation every summer. (我家每年夏天都去度假。) Where did you go on vacation last year? (你去年去哪里度假了?) Holiday“假期”(英式英语,=vacation 美式) 搭配:on holiday(在度假),summer holiday (暑假) 例句:They are on holiday in Sanya.(他们在三亚度假。) 注意:复数 holidays 可表示“节曰”(如 public holidays) 知识点4:Did you do anything interesting? 1.形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置anything 意为“新的事物”,其中anything 是不定代词,interesting是形容词,形容词修饰something,anything,nothing等不定代词时要后置。 Did you watch anything interesting on TV last night? (你昨晚在电视上看了什么有趣的吗?) 2.anything:|不定代词,意为“某事;某件东西;任何事;任何东西”,主要用于疑问句或否定句中。 Did you do anything exciting on vocation?度假时你做过什么令人兴奋的事情吗? I didn't buy anything yesterday.昨天我什么也没买。 3.anything表示“任何东西;任何事”时,还可用于肯定句中。 Anything is possible.一切皆有可能。 知识点5:How great it was!它太棒了! 这是一个感叹句(表达强烈情感的句子) 结构:How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语! 感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情,通常用what或how引导。 1.what引导的感叹句(中心词为名词) ①What + a/an + adj.+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: What a kind heart you have! 你的心肠真好! ②What + adj. +不可数名词/可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!如: What interesting stories he’s told us! 他给我们讲的故事真有趣! What great progress she has made! 她取得了多么大的进步啊! 2.how引导的感叹句(中心词为形容词或副词) ①How + adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)!如: How clever the boy is! 这男孩真聪明! ②How + adj. + a/an +单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: How clever a boy he is! 他真是个聪明的男孩! ③How+主语+谓语!如: How time flies! 时间过得真快呀! 【拓展】如何判断用what还是how来引导感叹句: 1.凡是以a/an开头的,多用what; 2.凡是形容词直接加名词的,多用what;此处尤其要注意一些不可数名词与形容词连用的情况,如:weather,news,advice,fun,information,work,traffic等; 3.其他一般用how。 口诀助记:感叹句要记牢,句子主谓先划掉,再来确定what/how;再在形容词后找,若有名词用what,没有名词用how。 知识点6:We stayed in the old town for a few days. for+一段时间:表示动作或状态持续的时间长度,常用于现在完成时、一般过去时等时态中。 I have lived in this city for ten years.(我在这个城市已经住了十年了。) 这里的“for ten years”说明了“住”这个动作持续的时间是十年。 在一般过去时中也可以使用, He studied English for three years in high school. (他在高中时学了三年英语。) 注意事项:“for+ 一段时间”通常与延续性动词连用,不能与短暂性动词连用。比如“buy”是短暂性动词, 用法辨析:few, a few, little与a little few 很少的,几乎没有的 表否定。修饰可数名词复数形式。 a few 少数的,几个 表肯定。修饰可数名词复数形式。 little 几乎没有 表否定。修饰不可数名词。 a little 一点儿,少量 表肯定。修饰不可数名词。 I’m new in Nanjing. I have few friends here. 我才到南京,在这几乎没有朋友。 There are a few apples in the basket. You may eat him. 篮子里有几个苹果,你(们)可以吃。 There’s little milk in the fridge. We have to buy them. 冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了,我们得去买一些。 His brother knows a little French. 他的哥哥懂一点法语。 知识点7:I just took my breath away. take one's breath away这个短语的字面意思是“把呼吸带走”,实际含义是“使某人惊叹;使某人陶醉”,通常用于描述某物或某人非常美丽、令人震撼或令人惊讶,以至于让人短暂地停止呼吸,感到惊叹。 The view from the top of the mountain took my breath away. (山顶的景色让我惊叹不已。) 辨析:take,bring与carry take “带去,拿去”,指把某人或某物从说话人所在的地方带到别处,与bring意思相反。  Please take these books to the library for me. 请替我把这些书带到图书馆去。 bring “带来,拿来”,指把某人或某物带到说话人所在的地方。 Why don’t you bring your brother to the party? 你为什么不带你哥哥来参加宴会? carry “携带,提,扛,抬,运”等,具有负重的含义,但不强调方向。  They are carrying some paintings to the art gallery. 他们正在把一些画运到艺术馆。 知识点8:Everything tasted great, especially the steamed chicken soup. especially用法:“especially”是副词,意为“尤其;特别”,用来强调在众多事物中某一事物更为突出或特别 I like all kinds of fruits, especially apples. (我喜欢各种水果,尤其是苹果。) 这里强调了在所有水果中,苹果是更为突出、更受喜欢的。 知识点9:I just stayed at home to read. play games and relax. relax 用法:“relax”是动词,意为“放松;休息;使放松”。 You should relax after a long day of work. (经过漫长的一天工作后,你应该放松一下。) 它既可以作不及物动词,如:I like to relax by listening to music.(我喜欢通过听音乐来放松。)也可以作及物动词,如:The massage relaxed my muscles. (按摩使我的肌肉放松了。) 派生词: “relaxing”是形容词,意为“令人放松的”, 常用来描述事物,如:This is a relaxing movie.(这是部令人放松的电影。) “relaxed”也是形容词,意为“放松的;自在的”,常用来描述人, He looks relaxed.(他看起来很放松。) 知识点10:We had a wonderful experience. ①experience作名词:表示“经历;经验” 具体经历(可数):Ihave many interesting experiences in summer camp.(我在夏令营有许多有趣的经历。) 抽象经验(不可数):She has rich teaching experience.(她有丰富的教学经验。) ②作动词:表示“经历;体验” We experienced a heavy rain yesterday.(我们昨天经历了一场大雨。) 知识点11:1 got you something as a gift.  as的用法 (1) 作介词,意为“作为,当作;像,如同”。 如:She works as a teacher. 她的职业是教师。 (2)作连词: ①“当……时;随着”。 She became happy as she talked about her friends. 她一谈到朋友们就高兴起来了。 ②“由于,因为”。 As you were out, I left a message. 因为你不在,所以我留了一张字条。 ③“正如;如同”。 As you know, Julia is leaving soon. 你是知道的,朱莉娅马上要离开了。 ④“照……方式”。 They did as I had asked. 他们是按照我的要求做的。 (3)作副词,意为“像……一样;如同”。 常见搭配:as...as...,意为“和……一样……”(常用于同级比较)。 You’re as tall as your father. 你和你父亲一样高。 as soon as意为“一……就……”, as long as意为“只要”, as usual意为“像往常一样”。 知识点12:It rained heavily when I arrived at the town.so I could do nothing but stay in the hotel. ① rain heavily 表示“下大雨”,副词 heavily 修饰动词 rain 同义表达:rain hard /a heavy rain(名词形式) It rained heavily last night, so the streets were flooded. (昨晚雨下得很大,街道都被淹没了。) ② arrive at / arrive in arrive at:后接小地点(如学校、车站) We arrived at the airport at 9 o'clock, (我们 9 点到达机场。) arrive in:后接大地点(如城市、国家) They arrived in Beijing yesterday.(他们昨天到达北京。) ③ nothing but 表示“只有:仅仅”,后接名词或动词原形 He had nothing but a piece of bread for breakfast.(他早餐只有一片面包。) nothing but+ 动词原形(表示“只能做...”) I did nothing but wait for the bus. (我只能等公交车。) They do nothing but relax, sleep or watch TV.(他们什么都没做,只是放松、睡觉或看电视。) 知识点13:The bed was comfortable and everything was clean.床很舒适,而且一切都很干净。 comfortable形容词,表示“舒适的” This chair is very comfortable to sit on.(这把椅子坐起来很舒服。) 反义词:uncomfortable(不舒适的) 派生词:comfort(名词,舒适):comfortably(副词,舒适地) 知识点14:I decided to look for something to read. decide动词,表示“决定” 语法聚焦:复合不定代词 不定代词: 不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。 1.初中常见复合不定代词一览表 some- any- no- every- -body somebody(某人) anybody(任何人) nobody(没有人) everybody(每人) -one someone(某人) anyone(任何人) no one(没有人) everyone(每人) -thing something(某事) anything(任何事) nothing(没有东西) everything(每件事) 2.复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语,不能作定语。作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。 如:Someone is crying in the room. 有人在房间里哭泣。 3.当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,必须放在其后。如: There is nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人。写作佳句 We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else? 我们还需要一名帮手。你能帮我们再找个人吗? 【拓展】 1.常见含复合不定代词的句型: ①There is something wrong with... ……出问题了。 ②...have something/nothing to do with... ……与……有关/无关 ③sb. can do nothing but... 某人什么都不能做,只能…… ④There is nothing to... 没有什么要…… 2.somebody, anybody可指有一点地位或小有名气的人物;nobody指没有地位或默默无闻的人物。something往往指了不起的东西;nothing指无关紧要的东西。如: He thinks himself somebody, but we think him nobody. 他自以为是重要人物,但我们觉得他什么也不是。 4.复合不定代词的用法 由some,any,every,no与one,body,thing一起构成的代词叫复合不定代词,如something,everybody,anyone,nothing等。由one和body构成的复合不定代词可相互换用。 用法 例句 复合不定代词一般用作单数,在句中作主语、宾语或表语 Nobody is aliment. 没有人缺席。(主语) Do you need anything? 你需要点什么吗?(宾语) Grammar is not everything. 语法不是全部。(表语) 复合不定代词被定语修饰时,定语须放在它们后面 There is nothing wrong with the radio. 收音机没有什么问题。 由some构成的复合不定代词用法与some类似,而由any构成的复合不定代词用法与any类似。当any构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句时,常表示"无论什么东西,随便什么东西/事情" There’ s always somebody at home in the evenings. 晚上总有人在家。 Is there anything interesting in the newspaper? 报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗? 二、复习一般过去时 1. 一般过去时的定义 ①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如 yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week,in 2015,three days ago,the other day,just now,at the moment,this morning,once upon a time,long long ago。 —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么? —I went swimming. 我去游泳了。 ②表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。 When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。 2. 一般过去时的基本结构 ①实义动词 肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。 否定句:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。 一般疑问句及其回答:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答:No, 主语 + didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗? —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的,我去了。/ 不,我没去。 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他? —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了? —I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。 ② be 动词 肯定句:主语 + was/were + 其他. I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 否定句:主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他. I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。 一般疑问句及其回答:Were/Was + 主语 + 其他? —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗? —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的,我在家。/ 不,我不在家。 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他? —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪? —I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 3. 动词过去式的变化规则 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-ed wash→washed help→helped 以不发音的字母e结尾 加-d hope→hoped like→liked 以辅音字母 + y结尾 变y为i,再加-ed carry→carried study→studied 结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节 双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed stop→stopped plan→planned 4. 一般过去时的用法 (1)表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? (2)在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意:表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to和would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟,但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难,他都会帮助我们。 (3)表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 (4)用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. (5)一般过去时有时可以表示现在,多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用,使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 注意: (1)表示一系列的动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时,最后两个动词之间用and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门,冲了出去,然后就消失了。 课时1 Section A(1a-1d)练习 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She ________ (practice) playing the flute every day to take part in the competition. 2.We decided ________ (go) skiing this winter holiday. 3.My brother is good at ________ (program) and he has made some small games. 4.Would you like ________ (go) hiking with us this Sunday? 5.Parents always tell children not to talk to ________ (strange) on the way to school. 6.I ________ (stay) at home and watched TV last Sunday. 7.Everyone ________ (be) busy last summer vacation. 8.Did you ________ (visit) any museums last holiday? 9.I ________ (not see) anything interesting there. 10.Emma ________ (go) back to the US with her mother and sister. 二、根据汉语提示填空 11.He met a(n) ________ (陌生的) man on his way to school yesterday morning. 12.This summer, my parents want to go to Hainan for a(n) ________ (假期). 13.This is a beautiful ________ (古代的) white chair. 14.Everyone should keep the ________ (营地) clean. 15.There are many different ________ (景色) around the world. 三、完成句子 16.周末他喜欢去滑雪来放松自己。 He likes ________ ________ to relax himself at the weekend. 17.冬天人们喜欢去海南度假。 People like to ________ ________ ________ ________ in Hainan in winter. 18.这两位女士都对古建筑感兴趣。 Both of the women are interested in ________ ________. 19.上周六,我们在农场喂鸡和摘草莓。 We fed chickens and ________ ________ on the farm last Saturday 20.他们去哪里度假了? ________ did they go on holiday? 21.不要做任何危险的事情。 Don’t do ________ ________. 22.我吃了一些草莓饼干。它们太美味了。 I ate some ________ ________. They were so delicious. 23.上周末,我回到了我的家乡。 Last weekend, I ________ ________ ________ my hometown. 24.你的假期怎么样? ________ ________ your holiday? 25.你去哪儿度过你的暑假了? Where ________ you ________ your summer holiday? 四、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Peter! 26 ? B: I went to Beijing with my father. A: What did you do? B: 27 . A: Did you buy anything? B: 28 . We didn’t bring much money. A: 29 ? B: It was rainy. But we didn’t take an umbrella. A: 30 ? B: It was great. 课时2 Section A Pronunciation&2a-2f 一、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.Jim is in Saffron Walden, a small but beautiful ________ (城镇). 2.My grandfather likes drinking tea, ________ (尤其) black tea. 3.The West Lake is so beautiful. It takes everyone’s ________ (呼吸的空气) away. 4.Many people visit Guilin because of its ________ (极好的) landscapes. 5.There’s ________ (没有任何东西) in the box. Let’s put some books into it. 6.How do people ________ (度过) their holidays? 7.I met ________ ________ (没什么激动人心的事情). 8.I often go ________ (徒步旅行) with my mother on weekends. 9.I often ________________ (参观博物馆) with my parents. 二、用所给单词适当形式填空 10.She ________ (have) a fantastic holiday last month. 11.I decide ________ (visit) Lijiang next year. 12.We enjoyed ________ (we) very much. 13.Everyone ________ (say) it was wonderful. 14.Did you ________ (stay) there long? 15.Peter ________ (go) to Yunnan last holiday. 16.Did you do anything ________ (interest) at the science museum? I heard the robot show was amazing. 17.Most students ________ (take) part in the school-organized fruit-picking activity last weekend and learned how farming works. 18.—Did you go ________ (somewhere) interesting? —No, I went ________ (nowhere). 19.—What ________ you ________ (do) last weekend? —I ________ (stay) at home and ________ (study) for the test. 20.He ________ (go) to Yunnan with his family yesterday. 三、单项选择 21.I saw ________ beautiful flowers in the mountains. A.quite a few B.quite few C.a little D.little 22.—Who cleaned the room? —________. It was still dirty. A.Anyone B.Everyone C.Someone D.No one 23.We decided ________ a walk after dinner yesterday. A.take B.to take C.taking D.took 24.________ was very tired after the trip. A.Anyone B.Everyone C.Someone D.No one 25.The food there tasted ________. We all liked it. A.terrible B.boring C.wonderful D.difficult 26.—________ did you stay there? —For three days. A.How long B.How far C.How often D.How much 27.—How was your holiday? —It was ________. I had a wonderful time. A.fantastic B.boring C.terrible D.bad 28.Everything ________ delicious, especially chicken soup. A.taste B.tastes C.tasted D.tasting 29.It took my ________ away. It was so amazing! A.breath B.breathe C.breaths D.breathing 30.We stayed in Lijiang old town ________ a few days. A.in B.on C.for D.at 四、补全对话 根据对话内容,从下面选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整 (其中有两项是多余的)。 A: Hi, Tom! Long time no see. 31 B: Pretty good! I just came back from my hometown. 32 A: Oh, really? How was your trip there? B: 33 The air was fresh and I visited many old friends. A: Lucky you! 34 B: I stayed there for a week. 35 A: I spent my vacation studying for the mid-term exam. B: That’s hard work! Hope you get good grades. A.How was your vacation? B.Where did you go? C.It was wonderful! D.How long did you stay there? E.What about you? F.I had a great time there. G.Did you have fun? 四、翻译 词组默写。 36.听起来不错 ________ 37.待在古镇 ________ 38.几天 ________ 39.令人惊叹 ________ 40.拍大量的照片 ________ 41.尝起来不错 ________ 42.汽锅鸡汤 ________ 43.待在家阅读 ________ 44.没什么特别的 ________ 45.尝了一些云南菜 ________ 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 一、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.He was getting ________ (厌烦的) with doing the same thing every day. 2.Writing novels is one of his favorite _______ (爱好). 3.Listening to ________ (轻柔的) music can help you to relax 4.There is a ________ (彩虹) hanging in the sky after the heavy rain. It is beautiful. 5.He walked t________ (朝) his mother and hugged her tightly 6.I am ________ (准备好的) to have an English class. 7.No one taught me German. I learned it by ________ (我自己). 8.The bed in the hotel was very ________ (舒适的), so I had a good sleep. 9.Did you do ________ (某事) interesting on your holiday? 10.I have _________ (一些重要的事情) to tell you. 二、用括号所给单词适当形式完成句子 11.Nobody ________ (be) happy when they knew the bad news last night. 12.I asked how he could finish the hard work fast and ________ (easy). 13.To ________ (everyone) joy, our team won the basketball match. 14.They were ________ (surprise) to watch a small rabbit jump past the garden. 15.He couldn’t hear ________ (something) in the dark old house. 16.Tom hoped to get ________ (something) tasty when he felt sick last week. 17.We rang the bell but ________ (somebody) came out. Perhaps they went shopping. 18.He felt ________ (bore) when he watched the long boring cartoon. 19.The steamed chicken soup was _________ (especial) delicious. 20.I saw a _________ (beauty) rainbow across the sky. 二、单项选择 21.—How much advice did Jack offer at the meeting? —________ at all. He said________. A.Nothing; nothing B.Nothing; none C.None; none D.None; nothing 22.—Mr. Wang, how to be a smart learner? —Only empty cups can be filled. Try to learn as if you know ________. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 23.I really like this book. The beautiful pictures in it make reading more ________ and enjoyable. A.serious B.balanced C.comfortable 24.I always help other people, so I’m proud of ________. A.herself B.myself C.yourself 25.My brother is old enough to take care of ________. A.him B.himself C.his D.he 26.I have ________ to tell you. Let’s keep it as a secret between us. A.something special B.special something C.anything special D.special anything 27.I looked for my pen ________, but I couldn’t find it ________. A.everywhere; somewhere B.somewhere; everywhere C.anywhere; nowhere D.everywhere; anywhere 28.—Would you like ________ to drink? —Yes, I’d like a glass of orange juice. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 29.—How was your trip to Xi’an? —Everything ________ excellent! The Terracotta Warriors were amazing. A.is B.are C.was D.were 30.—Did you buy ________ in the supermarket? —No, I bought ________ because the prices were too high. A.something; anything B.anything; nothing C.nothing; anything D.everything; something 31.The long ________ meeting made everyone ________. A.boring; bored B.bored; boring C.bored; bored D.boring; boring 32.________ is ready for the party. Let’s begin! A.Something B.Anything C.Everything D.Nothing 33.—Did you go to the zoo ________ the museum? —Neither. I went to the countryside. A.and B.but C.so D.or 34.Mr Zhang is a music lover. For him, ________is more important than music. A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing 35.— Did you go ________ interesting? — Yes, I went to the mountains. A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere 三、补全对话 根据下面的对话场景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Susan. Long time no see. 36 ? B: I went to Beijing. A: 37 ? B: I went there by train. A: Wow! It’s cool! Did you go to the museums? B: Yes, we went to lots of museums. A: Oh, 38 ? B: They were interesting. But they were a little crowded. A: 39 ? B: Yeah, I went to lots of stores and bought a gift for my mother. A: How were people there? B: 40 . A: Sounds great. I will go there next vacation. 1.本节课核心知识(结合课堂知识总结):_________________________________________________ 2.今日错题 / 不懂的内容:_______________________________________________________________ 3.我的改进小计划: _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section A导学案 1.识别并掌握假期活动相关词汇(如 ancient buildings、landscape、strawberry festival 等)及旅行话题相关短语(如 go to the mountains、visit grandparents、take music lessons 等);理解一般过去时在假期经历描述中的时态特征,识别规则与不规则动词的过去式形式(如 went、saw、ate、took、visited 等);感知复合不定代词(something、anything、nothing、someone、anyone 等)的形式与基本含义;通过听对话获取人物假期目的地、主要活动、所见所闻,梳理出人物、地点、活动等关键信息。(学习理解) 2.完成 1b、2a-2b 听力任务,准确捕捉假期活动信息,完成 1c 总结填空;完成 3b 对话填空和 3c 语篇填空,在语境中正确选用不定代词;依据语法规则,精准运用一般过去时构建假期交流语句;根据思维导图或表格复述文本内容,清晰复述、讨论 Yaming 和 Emma 的假期经历。(应用实践) 3.围绕假期经历创意续写故事,灵活运用不定代词和一般过去时丰富情节;完成一份口头报告,运用恰当的不定代词介绍自己的假期活动及感受;写一篇关于难忘假期的短文。(迁移创新) 重点:1. 掌握询问假期经历的核心句型及应答; 2. 正确使用不定代词(anyone, anything)和描述性形容词(relaxing, exciting, unforgettable)。 3. 熟练运用 Did you...? 和 Where/What did you...? 进行假期话题的问答。 难点:1. 连贯描述假期经历,逻辑清晰地整合地点、人物、活动和感受; 2. 在语境中准确运用“不定代词 + 形容词”结构(如something special, anything interesting)。 3. 一般过去时的正确运用:在真实交际中准确使用动词过去式,同时能在询问经历与评价感受; 复合不定代词的灵活运用。 一、单词填空 1.__________________/ˈeɪnʃənt/ adj. 古代的;古老的 2.__________________/kæmp/ n. 度假营;营地 v. 露营;宿营 3.__________________ /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. 风景;景色 4.__________________/streɪndʒ/ adj. 奇怪的;陌生的 5.__________________/vəˈkeɪʃn/ n. 假期;度假 6._____________ /fænˈtæstɪk/ adj. 极好的;了不起的 7._____________ /taʊn/ n. 镇;商业区 8._____________ /breθ/ n. 呼吸的空气;一口气 9._____________ 令人惊叹;让人叹绝 10._____________ /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其;特别 11._____________ /stiːmd/ chicken soup 汽锅鸡 12._____________ /ˈeniweə(r)/ adv. & pron.在任何地方;随便哪个地方 13._____________ /ˈnʌθɪŋ/pron. 没有任何东西;没有事 14._______________ /ˈsiːnəri/ n. 风景;景色 15._______________ /sɪlk/ n. 丝绸;(蚕)丝 16._______________/skɑːf/ n. 围巾;披巾 17._______________只有;只是 18._______________/həʊˈtel/ n. 旅馆;旅社 19._______________ adj. 使人舒服的;舒适的 20._______________/ˈredi/ adj. 准备好的;现成的adv. 已做完;已完成 21._______________ 马上要(做某事);愿意做 22._______________ /ˈsʌmweə(r)/adv. 在某处;到某处pron. 某处;某个地方 23._______________/skaɪ/ n. 天;天空 24._______________ /bɔːd/ adj. 厌倦的;烦闷的 25._______________ 站起;起立 26._______________ (= toward) prep. 向;朝 27._______________/ˈreɪnbəʊ/ n. 虹;彩虹 【答案】 1. ancient 2.camp 3.landscape 4.strange 5.vacation 6.fantastic 7.town 8.breath 9.take sb’s breath away 10.especially 11.steamed 12.anywhere 13.nothing 14.scenery 15.silk 16.scarf 17.nothing but 18.hotel 19.comfortable 20.ready 21.ready to do sth 22.somewhere 23.sky 24.bored 25.stand up 26.towards 27.rainbow 二、短语填空 1. _________________________上音乐课 2. _________________________拜访我的祖父母 3. _________________________参观一些古建筑 4. _________________________去夏令营 5. _________________________迎客松 6. _________________________云海 7. _________________________怪石 8. _________________________回去美国 9. _________________________没人想离开 10. _________________________待了十天 11._________________________在山里远足 12. _________________________ 看日出 13.._________________________令人惊叹;让人叹绝 14._________________________拍照 15._________________________待在家 16._________________________玩游戏 17._________________________ 任何特别的事 18._________________________在假期中 19._________________________西湖 20._________________________准备做 21._________________________决定做某事 22._________________________寻找 23._________________________走向. 【答案】 1.took music lessons 2.visit my grandparents 3. visited some ancient buildings 4. went to summer camp 5. Guest-Greeting Pine 6. sea of clouds 7. strange rocks 8. went back to the US 9. No one wanted to leave. 10. stayed for ten days 11.hike in the mountains 12. see the sunrise 13..take sb's breath away 14.take photos 15.stay at home 16.play games 17. anything special 18.on one's holiday 19.the West Lake 20.be ready to do 21.decide to do. 22.look for 23.walk towards 三、翻译 1. 亚明和他的家人去了黄山。 2. 在节日上,她吃一些草莓饼干和巧克力。 3. 那里的风景令人惊叹。 4. 艾玛去哪里度假了? 5. 你做了什么令人感兴趣的事情吗? 6.你的假期过得怎么样? _________________________________________________ 7.它太棒了! _________________________________________________ 8.我在山里徒步旅行,并且看到了日出。 _________________________________________________ 9.它多么美丽啊! _________________________________________________ 10.那真是太棒了 _________________________________________________ 11.我们在老城区待了几天。 _________________________________________________ 12.它让我惊呆了 _________________________________________________ 13.一切都很好吃,尤其是蒸鸡汤。 _________________________________________________ 14.我只待在家里看书、玩游戏和放松。 _________________________________________________ 15.我只待在家里看书、玩游戏和放松。 ____________________________________________________ 16.我们经历了一段美好的时光。 ____________________________________________________ 17.当我到达那个小镇时,雨下得很大,所以我除了待在旅馆里,什么也做不了。 ____________________________________________________ 18.床很舒适,而且一切都很干净。 ____________________________________________________ 19.每个人都准备好去找个地方去了。 ____________________________________________________ 20.我站起来,朝窗户走去。 ____________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. Yaming went to Mount Huangshan with his family. 2. At the festival,she ate some strawberry cookies and chocolates 3. The landscape there was amazing. 4. Where did Emma go on vacation/holiday? 5. Did you do anything interesting? 6.How was your holiday? 7.How great it was! 8.I hiked in the mountains and saw the sunrise. 9.How beautiful it was! 10.How great it was! 11.We stayed in the old town for a few days. 12.It just took my breath away. 13.Everything tasted great, especially the steamed chicken soup. 14.I just stayed at home to read, play games and relax. 15.I just stayed at home to read, play games and relax. 16.We had a wonderful experience. 17.It rained heavily when I arrived at the town, so I could do nothing but stay in the hotel. 18.The bed was comfortable and everything was clean. 19.Everyone was ready to find somewhere to go. 20.I stood up and walked towards the window. 知识点1:How do people spend their holidays?人们如何度过他们的假期? ①人 + spend + 时间/金钱 + on + 名词/代词 意为“在……上花费了……(时间/钱)” I spent 500 yuan on this jacket.(我买这件夹克花了500块。) ②人 + spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) + Doing sth. 意为“花费……做某事”(in 可以省略,这是最常用的考点) She spends two hours (in) practicing the piano every day.(她每天花两小时练钢琴。) ③人 + spend + 时间 + with + 人 意为“与……一起度过(时光)” I want to spend more time with my family.(我想多陪陪家人。) 辨析pay, spend, take与cost 词 主语(谁花) 结构(后面跟什么) 侧重点 Spend 人 人 + spend + 钱/时 + on/doing 主动花费(最常用) Cost 物/事 物 + cost + 人 + 钱/时 某物“值”多少钱(主语是东西) Take It (形式主语) It + takes + 人 + 时间 + to do 花时间去做某事(只用于时间) Pay 人 人 + pay + 钱 + for + 物 付钱给某人/买某物(只用于金钱) 实战对比例句: I spent 20 yuan on this meal. (我用餐花了20块) This meal cost me 20 yuan. (这顿饭花了我20块——主语是“饭”) It takes me 30 minutes to eat this meal. (吃这顿饭花了我30分钟) I paid 20 yuan for this meal. (我为这顿饭付了20块——强调“支付”这个动作) pay off意为“成功;奏效;达到目的”,可用于表示辛苦的付出终有回报。 如:Our hard work paid off. 我们的努力得到了回报。 知识点2:The landscape there was amazing. amazing (adj.令人惊叹的)用法;形容事物非常棒或令人惊喜。 The sunset over the mountains was amazing. (山上的日落太美了!) Your drawing is amazing! (你的画太棒了!) 知识点3:Where did Emma go on vacation holiday? go on vacation/holiday(去度假)用法:指离开家去旅行放松。 My family goes on vacation every summer. (我家每年夏天都去度假。) Where did you go on vacation last year? (你去年去哪里度假了?) Holiday“假期”(英式英语,=vacation 美式) 搭配:on holiday(在度假),summer holiday (暑假) 例句:They are on holiday in Sanya.(他们在三亚度假。) 注意:复数 holidays 可表示“节曰”(如 public holidays) 知识点4:Did you do anything interesting? 1.形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置anything 意为“新的事物”,其中anything 是不定代词,interesting是形容词,形容词修饰something,anything,nothing等不定代词时要后置。 Did you watch anything interesting on TV last night? (你昨晚在电视上看了什么有趣的吗?) 2.anything:|不定代词,意为“某事;某件东西;任何事;任何东西”,主要用于疑问句或否定句中。 Did you do anything exciting on vocation?度假时你做过什么令人兴奋的事情吗? I didn't buy anything yesterday.昨天我什么也没买。 3.anything表示“任何东西;任何事”时,还可用于肯定句中。 Anything is possible.一切皆有可能。 知识点5:How great it was!它太棒了! 这是一个感叹句(表达强烈情感的句子) 结构:How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语! 感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情,通常用what或how引导。 1.what引导的感叹句(中心词为名词) ①What + a/an + adj.+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: What a kind heart you have! 你的心肠真好! ②What + adj. +不可数名词/可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!如: What interesting stories he’s told us! 他给我们讲的故事真有趣! What great progress she has made! 她取得了多么大的进步啊! 2.how引导的感叹句(中心词为形容词或副词) ①How + adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)!如: How clever the boy is! 这男孩真聪明! ②How + adj. + a/an +单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: How clever a boy he is! 他真是个聪明的男孩! ③How+主语+谓语!如: How time flies! 时间过得真快呀! 【拓展】如何判断用what还是how来引导感叹句: 1.凡是以a/an开头的,多用what; 2.凡是形容词直接加名词的,多用what;此处尤其要注意一些不可数名词与形容词连用的情况,如:weather,news,advice,fun,information,work,traffic等; 3.其他一般用how。 口诀助记:感叹句要记牢,句子主谓先划掉,再来确定what/how;再在形容词后找,若有名词用what,没有名词用how。 知识点6:We stayed in the old town for a few days. for+一段时间:表示动作或状态持续的时间长度,常用于现在完成时、一般过去时等时态中。 I have lived in this city for ten years.(我在这个城市已经住了十年了。) 这里的“for ten years”说明了“住”这个动作持续的时间是十年。 在一般过去时中也可以使用, He studied English for three years in high school. (他在高中时学了三年英语。) 注意事项:“for+ 一段时间”通常与延续性动词连用,不能与短暂性动词连用。比如“buy”是短暂性动词, 用法辨析:few, a few, little与a little few 很少的,几乎没有的 表否定。修饰可数名词复数形式。 a few 少数的,几个 表肯定。修饰可数名词复数形式。 little 几乎没有 表否定。修饰不可数名词。 a little 一点儿,少量 表肯定。修饰不可数名词。 I’m new in Nanjing. I have few friends here. 我才到南京,在这几乎没有朋友。 There are a few apples in the basket. You may eat him. 篮子里有几个苹果,你(们)可以吃。 There’s little milk in the fridge. We have to buy them. 冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了,我们得去买一些。 His brother knows a little French. 他的哥哥懂一点法语。 知识点7:I just took my breath away. take one's breath away这个短语的字面意思是“把呼吸带走”,实际含义是“使某人惊叹;使某人陶醉”,通常用于描述某物或某人非常美丽、令人震撼或令人惊讶,以至于让人短暂地停止呼吸,感到惊叹。 The view from the top of the mountain took my breath away. (山顶的景色让我惊叹不已。) 辨析:take,bring与carry take “带去,拿去”,指把某人或某物从说话人所在的地方带到别处,与bring意思相反。  Please take these books to the library for me. 请替我把这些书带到图书馆去。 bring “带来,拿来”,指把某人或某物带到说话人所在的地方。 Why don’t you bring your brother to the party? 你为什么不带你哥哥来参加宴会? carry “携带,提,扛,抬,运”等,具有负重的含义,但不强调方向。  They are carrying some paintings to the art gallery. 他们正在把一些画运到艺术馆。 知识点8:Everything tasted great, especially the steamed chicken soup. especially用法:“especially”是副词,意为“尤其;特别”,用来强调在众多事物中某一事物更为突出或特别 I like all kinds of fruits, especially apples. (我喜欢各种水果,尤其是苹果。) 这里强调了在所有水果中,苹果是更为突出、更受喜欢的。 知识点9:I just stayed at home to read. play games and relax. relax 用法:“relax”是动词,意为“放松;休息;使放松”。 You should relax after a long day of work. (经过漫长的一天工作后,你应该放松一下。) 它既可以作不及物动词,如:I like to relax by listening to music.(我喜欢通过听音乐来放松。)也可以作及物动词,如:The massage relaxed my muscles. (按摩使我的肌肉放松了。) 派生词: “relaxing”是形容词,意为“令人放松的”, 常用来描述事物,如:This is a relaxing movie.(这是部令人放松的电影。) “relaxed”也是形容词,意为“放松的;自在的”,常用来描述人, He looks relaxed.(他看起来很放松。) 知识点10:We had a wonderful experience. ①experience作名词:表示“经历;经验” 具体经历(可数):Ihave many interesting experiences in summer camp.(我在夏令营有许多有趣的经历。) 抽象经验(不可数):She has rich teaching experience.(她有丰富的教学经验。) ②作动词:表示“经历;体验” We experienced a heavy rain yesterday.(我们昨天经历了一场大雨。) 知识点11:1 got you something as a gift.  as的用法 (1) 作介词,意为“作为,当作;像,如同”。 如:She works as a teacher. 她的职业是教师。 (2)作连词: ①“当……时;随着”。 She became happy as she talked about her friends. 她一谈到朋友们就高兴起来了。 ②“由于,因为”。 As you were out, I left a message. 因为你不在,所以我留了一张字条。 ③“正如;如同”。 As you know, Julia is leaving soon. 你是知道的,朱莉娅马上要离开了。 ④“照……方式”。 They did as I had asked. 他们是按照我的要求做的。 (3)作副词,意为“像……一样;如同”。 常见搭配:as...as...,意为“和……一样……”(常用于同级比较)。 You’re as tall as your father. 你和你父亲一样高。 as soon as意为“一……就……”, as long as意为“只要”, as usual意为“像往常一样”。 知识点12:It rained heavily when I arrived at the town.so I could do nothing but stay in the hotel. ① rain heavily 表示“下大雨”,副词 heavily 修饰动词 rain 同义表达:rain hard /a heavy rain(名词形式) It rained heavily last night, so the streets were flooded. (昨晚雨下得很大,街道都被淹没了。) ② arrive at / arrive in arrive at:后接小地点(如学校、车站) We arrived at the airport at 9 o'clock, (我们 9 点到达机场。) arrive in:后接大地点(如城市、国家) They arrived in Beijing yesterday.(他们昨天到达北京。) ③ nothing but 表示“只有:仅仅”,后接名词或动词原形 He had nothing but a piece of bread for breakfast.(他早餐只有一片面包。) nothing but+ 动词原形(表示“只能做...”) I did nothing but wait for the bus. (我只能等公交车。) They do nothing but relax, sleep or watch TV.(他们什么都没做,只是放松、睡觉或看电视。) 知识点13:The bed was comfortable and everything was clean.床很舒适,而且一切都很干净。 comfortable形容词,表示“舒适的” This chair is very comfortable to sit on.(这把椅子坐起来很舒服。) 反义词:uncomfortable(不舒适的) 派生词:comfort(名词,舒适):comfortably(副词,舒适地) 知识点14:I decided to look for something to read. decide动词,表示“决定” 语法聚焦:复合不定代词 不定代词: 不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。 1.初中常见复合不定代词一览表 some- any- no- every- -body somebody(某人) anybody(任何人) nobody(没有人) everybody(每人) -one someone(某人) anyone(任何人) no one(没有人) everyone(每人) -thing something(某事) anything(任何事) nothing(没有东西) everything(每件事) 2.复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语,不能作定语。作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。 如:Someone is crying in the room. 有人在房间里哭泣。 3.当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,必须放在其后。如: There is nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人。写作佳句 We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else? 我们还需要一名帮手。你能帮我们再找个人吗? 【拓展】 1.常见含复合不定代词的句型: ①There is something wrong with... ……出问题了。 ②...have something/nothing to do with... ……与……有关/无关 ③sb. can do nothing but... 某人什么都不能做,只能…… ④There is nothing to... 没有什么要…… 2.somebody, anybody可指有一点地位或小有名气的人物;nobody指没有地位或默默无闻的人物。something往往指了不起的东西;nothing指无关紧要的东西。如: He thinks himself somebody, but we think him nobody. 他自以为是重要人物,但我们觉得他什么也不是。 4.复合不定代词的用法 由some,any,every,no与one,body,thing一起构成的代词叫复合不定代词,如something,everybody,anyone,nothing等。由one和body构成的复合不定代词可相互换用。 用法 例句 复合不定代词一般用作单数,在句中作主语、宾语或表语 Nobody is aliment. 没有人缺席。(主语) Do you need anything? 你需要点什么吗?(宾语) Grammar is not everything. 语法不是全部。(表语) 复合不定代词被定语修饰时,定语须放在它们后面 There is nothing wrong with the radio. 收音机没有什么问题。 由some构成的复合不定代词用法与some类似,而由any构成的复合不定代词用法与any类似。当any构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句时,常表示"无论什么东西,随便什么东西/事情" There’ s always somebody at home in the evenings. 晚上总有人在家。 Is there anything interesting in the newspaper? 报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗? 二、复习一般过去时 1. 一般过去时的定义 ①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如 yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week,in 2015,three days ago,the other day,just now,at the moment,this morning,once upon a time,long long ago。 —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么? —I went swimming. 我去游泳了。 ②表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。 When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。 2. 一般过去时的基本结构 ①实义动词 肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。 否定句:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。 一般疑问句及其回答:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答:No, 主语 + didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗? —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的,我去了。/ 不,我没去。 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他? —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了? —I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。 ② be 动词 肯定句:主语 + was/were + 其他. I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 否定句:主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他. I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。 一般疑问句及其回答:Were/Was + 主语 + 其他? —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗? —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的,我在家。/ 不,我不在家。 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他? —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪? —I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 3. 动词过去式的变化规则 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-ed wash→washed help→helped 以不发音的字母e结尾 加-d hope→hoped like→liked 以辅音字母 + y结尾 变y为i,再加-ed carry→carried study→studied 结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节 双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed stop→stopped plan→planned 4. 一般过去时的用法 (1)表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? (2)在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意:表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to和would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟,但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难,他都会帮助我们。 (3)表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 (4)用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. (5)一般过去时有时可以表示现在,多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用,使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 注意: (1)表示一系列的动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时,最后两个动词之间用and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门,冲了出去,然后就消失了。 课时1 Section A(1a-1d)练习 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She ________ (practice) playing the flute every day to take part in the competition. 【答案】practices​ 【详解】句意:她每天练习吹长笛,为了参加比赛。every day表明时态为一般现在时,主语She是第三人称单数,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填practices。 2.We decided ________ (go) skiing this winter holiday. 【答案】to go 【详解】句意:我们决定这个寒假去滑雪。go“去”,是动词,由固定搭配decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”可知,此处应填不定式to go,作动词decide的宾语。 3.My brother is good at ________ (program) and he has made some small games. 【答案】programming​ 【详解】句意:我的弟弟擅长编程,他制作了一些小游戏。固定搭配be good at意为“擅长……”,at是介词,后面要接名词或动名词;括号内program作动词表示“编程”,变动名词需双写m再加ing,形式为programming。 4.Would you like ________ (go) hiking with us this Sunday? 【答案】to go​ 【详解】句意:这周日你愿意和我们一起去远足吗?would like to do sth.表示“想要做某事”,would like后接动词不定式to go作宾语。故填to go。 5.Parents always tell children not to talk to ________ (strange) on the way to school. 【答案】strangers 【详解】句意:父母总是告诉孩子们在上学路上不要和陌生人说话。根据“talk to”及句意,需填名词作宾语。strange的指人名词形式是stranger“陌生人”,表示泛指需用其复数形式strangers。 6.I ________ (stay) at home and watched TV last Sunday. 【答案】stayed 【详解】句意:我上周日待在家看电视。根据last Sunday可知,句子是一般过去时,stay的过去式是stayed。 7.Everyone ________ (be) busy last summer vacation. 【答案】was 【详解】句意:去年暑假每个人都很忙。时间状语“last summer vacation”表示过去,应用一般过去时;主语“Everyone”为不定代词,视为单数,be动词用was。 8.Did you ________ (visit) any museums last holiday? 【答案】visit 【详解】句意:上个假期你参观过博物馆吗?本句是Did开头的一般疑问句,助动词Did后需接动词原形visit。 9.I ________ (not see) anything interesting there. 【答案】didn’t see 【详解】句意:我在那里没有看到任何有趣的东西。动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,否定结构为“did not+动词原形”,did not缩写为didn’t。 10.Emma ________ (go) back to the US with her mother and sister. 【答案】went 【详解】句意:艾玛和她的妈妈、姐姐一起回到了美国。本句描述已经发生的过往行程,使用一般过去时;动词go的过去式为不规则变化went。 二、根据汉语提示填空 11.He met a(n) ________ (陌生的) man on his way to school yesterday morning. 【答案】strange 【详解】句意:昨天早上他在去上学的路上遇见了一位陌生的男士。括号内中文“陌生的”对应的英文单词是strange,此处形容词修饰后面的名词man,填原形strange即可。 12.This summer, my parents want to go to Hainan for a(n) ________ (假期). 【答案】vacation/holiday 【详解】句意:今年夏天,我的父母想去海南度假,空前有不定冠词a(n),需要填写单数名词,vacation与holiday都表示“假期”,for a vacation和for a holiday均为“度假”的常用搭配。故填vacation/holiday。 13.This is a beautiful ________ (古代的) white chair. 【答案】ancient 【详解】句意:这是一把漂亮的古代白色椅子。括号内“古代的”对应的英文单词是ancient,句中“chair”为名词,前面需要用形容词作定语修饰,ancient本身就是形容词,意为“古代的;古老的”,符合句子语法和语义要求。 14.Everyone should keep the ________ (营地) clean. 【答案】camp 【详解】句意:每个人都应该保持营地干净。括号内中文“营地”对应的英文单词是camp,定冠词the后可直接接可数名词单数,此处填camp即可。 15.There are many different ________ (景色) around the world. 【答案】landscapes 【详解】句意:世界各地有许多不同的景色。括号内中文“景色”对应的英文单词是landscape,“many different”后接可数名词复数,因此变为复数形式landscapes。 三、完成句子 16.周末他喜欢去滑雪来放松自己。 He likes ________ ________ to relax himself at the weekend. 【答案】 going skiing 【详解】原句中“去滑雪”是关键词。go skiing“去滑雪”,动词短语,固定搭配; like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”,后接动名词,go变为动名词going,因此填going;skiing。 17.冬天人们喜欢去海南度假。 People like to ________ ________ ________ ________ in Hainan in winter. 【答案】 go on a holiday 【详解】原句中“去度假”是关键词,表示“去度假”可以用短语go on a holiday,“like to”后接动词原形,因此空处分别填go;on;a;holiday。 18.这两位女士都对古建筑感兴趣。 Both of the women are interested in ________ ________. 【答案】 ancient buildings 【详解】原句中“古建筑”是关键词,英文表达为ancient buildings。“ancient”是形容词,意为“古老的、古代的”,用来修饰名词“building”;因为这里是泛指古建筑这一类事物,所以“building”要用复数形式buildings。 19.上周六,我们在农场喂鸡和摘草莓。 We fed chickens and ________ ________ on the farm last Saturday 【答案】 picked strawberries 【详解】原句中“摘草莓”是关键词,对应英文表达pick strawberries。句中时间标志last Saturday为过去时间,并列谓语需与fed保持时态一致,使用一般过去时,pick的过去式为picked,strawberry为可数名词,此处表一类事物需用复数形式strawberries,故填picked;strawberries。 20.他们去哪里度假了? ________ did they go on holiday? 【答案】Where 【详解】原句中“哪里”是关键词,表示对地点进行提问,应用疑问副词Where。本句为特殊疑问句,且句子时态为一般过去时,疑问词置于句首,首字母需大写。故填Where。 21.不要做任何危险的事情。 Don’t do ________ ________. 【答案】 anything dangerous 【详解】原句中“任何危险的事”是关键词。“任何”用不定代词anything,“危险的”用形容词dangerous。形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词必须放在不定代词之后。应填anything;dangerous。 22.我吃了一些草莓饼干。它们太美味了。 I ate some ________ ________. They were so delicious. 【答案】 strawberry cookies 【详解】原句中“草莓饼干”是关键词。“草莓”用名词strawberry,作定语修饰后面的名词;“饼干”可以用cookie。因为前面有“some”,所以后面的可数名词需要用复数形式,因此此处用cookies。 23.上周末,我回到了我的家乡。 Last weekend, I ________ ________ ________ my hometown. 【答案】 went back to 【详解】原句中“回到了”是关键词,表示“回到、返回”的常用短语是go back to。根据时间状语“Last weekend”可知,本句时态为一般过去时,因此动词go需变为过去式went。故填went;back;to。 24.你的假期怎么样? ________ ________ your holiday? 【答案】 How was 【详解】原句中“怎么样”是关键词,表示询问事物状况用句型“How+be动词”。主语“your holiday”为单数,询问假期,用一般过去时,be动词用“was”,因此填写“How was”。 25.你去哪儿度过你的暑假了? Where ________ you ________ your summer holiday? 【答案】 did spend 【详解】原句中“度过”是关键词。“度过”的英文动词spend,句子为一般过去时(暑假已过),有特殊疑问词,疑问句需将助动词did提前,后接动词原形spend。 四、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Peter! 26 ? B: I went to Beijing with my father. A: What did you do? B: 27 . A: Did you buy anything? B: 28 . We didn’t bring much money. A: 29 ? B: It was rainy. But we didn’t take an umbrella. A: 30 ? B: It was great. 【答案】 26. Where did you go on vacation 27. We visited the Great Wall and tasted some delicious food 28. No, we didn’t buy anything 29. How was the weather 30.How was your vacation 【导语】本文主要介绍了A与Peter之间围绕假期去北京旅行的经历展开的交流。 【详解】26.B在答语“I went to Beijing with my father.”中交代了假期的去处,推断A在“Hi, Peter! ... ?”中询问其具体的行踪。语句“Where did you go on vacation”符合语境。 27.A在问句“What did you do?”中询问假期的具体活动,B需要回答在北京的行程内容。语句“We visited the Great Wall and tasted some delicious food”符合语境。 28.A在问句“Did you buy anything?”中询问是否购买了物品,根据后文“We didn’t bring much money.”可知此处为否定回答。语句“No, we didn’t buy anything”符合语境。 29.B在答语“It was rainy. But we didn’t take an umbrella.”中说明了天气情况,推断A在问句中询问当地的天气状况。语句“How was the weather”符合语境。 30.B在答语“It was great.”中表达了对此次旅行的评价,推断A在问句中询问假期的整体感受。语句“How was your vacation”符合语境。 课时2 Section A Pronunciation&2a-2f 一、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.Jim is in Saffron Walden, a small but beautiful ________ (城镇). 【答案】town 【详解】句意:吉姆在萨弗伦沃尔登,一座虽小却美丽的城镇。括号内“城镇”对应的英文单词是town,它是表示城镇的常用可数名词,a后接其单数形式。 2.My grandfather likes drinking tea, ________ (尤其) black tea. 【答案】especially 【详解】句意:我祖父喜欢喝茶,尤其是红茶。中文提示“尤其”对应的英文副词是especially,此处需要副词作状语,用来进一步说明祖父在喝茶中格外偏好红茶。 3.The West Lake is so beautiful. It takes everyone’s ________ (呼吸的空气) away. 【答案】breath 【详解】句意:西湖是如此的美丽,它让每个人都叹为观止。固定短语take one’s breath away意为“令人惊叹,使人叹为观止”。everyone’s是名词所有格,后面需要接名词,应填breath。 4.Many people visit Guilin because of its ________ (极好的) landscapes. 【答案】fantastic 【详解】句意:许多人因为桂林极好的风景而游览桂林。“landscapes”为名词,前面需要用形容词修饰,“fantastic”本身即为形容词,意为“极好的”,符合语境。 5.There’s ________ (没有任何东西) in the box. Let’s put some books into it. 【答案】nothing 【详解】句意:盒子里什么都没有,我们往里面放些书吧。括号内“没有任何东西”对应的英文表达是nothing,它是表示否定含义的复合不定代词,在句中作主语,和句中已有的There’s(There is)完全适配,语义和语法都符合句子要求。 6.How do people ________ (度过) their holidays? 【答案】spend 【详解】句意:人们如何度过他们的假期?“度过”为spend,助动词do后跟动词原形,故填spend。 7.I met ________ ________ (没什么激动人心的事情). 【答案】 nothing exciting 【详解】句意:我没有遇到什么激动人心的事情。nothing“没有什么”;exciting“激动人心的”。形容词修饰不定代词时,需放在不定代词后面。故填nothing;exciting。 8.I often go ________ (徒步旅行) with my mother on weekends. 【答案】hiking 【详解】句意:我经常在周末和妈妈去徒步旅行。“徒步旅行”为hike,go hiking意为“去徒步旅行”。故填hiking。 9.I often ________________ (参观博物馆) with my parents. 【答案】visit museums 【详解】句意:我经常和我的父母参观博物馆。参观博物馆:visit museums;根据“often”可知句子用一般现在时,主语是I,谓语动词用原形。故填visit museums。 二、用所给单词适当形式填空 10.She ________ (have) a fantastic holiday last month. 【答案】had 【详解】句意: 她上个月度过了一个很棒的假期。last month表示过去时,所以,此处应用have的过去式had。 11.I decide ________ (visit) Lijiang next year. 【答案】to visit 【详解】句意:我决定明年参观丽江。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”是固定搭配,所以此处应填visit的不定式形式to visit。 12.We enjoyed ________ (we) very much. 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意:我们玩得很开心。固定搭配enjoy oneself表示“玩得愉快”,此处用反身代词,主语是“We”,对应的反身代词是ourselves。 13.Everyone ________ (say) it was wonderful. 【答案】said 【详解】句意:所有人都说它很棒。从句“it was wonderful”使用一般过去时,主句时态要和从句保持一致,整体为过去发生的事。everyone是不定代词,作主语时谓语动词用单数;但本句是过去式,动词say不分单复数,统一变为过去式said。 14.Did you ________ (stay) there long? 【答案】stay 【详解】句意:你在那里待了很久吗?stay意为“停留”,是动词。在含有助动词did的一般疑问句中,实义动词用原形。 15.Peter ________ (go) to Yunnan last holiday. 【答案】went 【详解】句意:彼得上次假期去了云南。根据时间状语“last holiday”提示,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。go的过去式是went。 16.Did you do anything ________ (interest) at the science museum? I heard the robot show was amazing. 【答案】interesting 【详解】句意:你在科学博物馆做有趣的事了吗?我听说机器人表演特别精彩。此处修饰不定代词anything,要用形容词作后置定语;interest“使感兴趣”,是动词,其形容词形式有两种: interesting“有趣的”(修饰事物/事情), interested“感兴趣的”(修饰人); 此处修饰anything(事),用interesting。 17.Most students ________ (take) part in the school-organized fruit-picking activity last weekend and learned how farming works. 【答案】took 【详解】句意:上周末大多数学生参加了学校组织的摘水果活动,并且了解了农耕相关知识。时间状语last weekend为一般过去时标志,and连接并列谓语,后接动词过去式learned,take需变为过去式took,take part in是固定短语,意为“参加”。 18.—Did you go ________ (somewhere) interesting? —No, I went ________ (nowhere). 【答案】 anywhere nowhere 【详解】句意:——你去过什么有趣的地方吗?——没有,我哪儿也没去。  第一空用于一般疑问句,表示“某个地方”,应用“anywhere”。第二空表示“没有地方”,与否定回答“No”呼应,应用“nowhere”。 19.—What ________ you ________ (do) last weekend? —I ________ (stay) at home and ________ (study) for the test. 【答案】 did do stayed studied 【详解】句意:——上周末你做了什么?——我待在家里为考试学习了。根据时间状语last weekend可知,描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。问句为特殊疑问句,主语为you,需借助助动词did,后接动词原形do;答句中stay和study均用过去式,故填did;do;stayed;studied。 20.He ________ (go) to Yunnan with his family yesterday. 【答案】went 【详解】句意:昨天他和家人一起去了云南。句中“yesterday”提示动作发生在过去,时态使用一般过去时,此处应用go的过去式went。 三、单项选择 21.I saw ________ beautiful flowers in the mountains. A.quite a few B.quite few C.a little D.little 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我在山里看到了相当多的美丽花朵。quite a few相当多,修饰可数名词复数;quite few语法错误;a little一点儿,修饰不可数名词;little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词,表否定。flowers为可数名词复数,应使用quite a few。 22.—Who cleaned the room? —________. It was still dirty. A.Anyone B.Everyone C.Someone D.No one 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——谁打扫了房间?——没有人。它依旧是脏的。Anyone任何人;Everyone每个人;Someone某人;No one没有人。后文提到房间依旧很脏,说明没人打扫。 23.We decided ________ a walk after dinner yesterday. A.take B.to take C.taking D.took 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们昨天晚饭后决定去散步。固定搭配decide to do sth表示“决定做某事”,不定式作宾语。 24.________ was very tired after the trip. A.Anyone B.Everyone C.Someone D.No one 【答案】B 【详解】句意:每个人旅行之后都很累。 Anyone任何人;Everyone每个人,所有人;Someone某人;No one没有人。不定代词作主语,谓语动词使用单数形式。everyone语义贴合“旅途过后所有人都疲惫”。someone侧重不确定的某一个人,和句子表达整体人群的含义不符。 25.The food there tasted ________. We all liked it. A.terrible B.boring C.wonderful D.difficult 【答案】C 【详解】句意:那里的食物尝起来很棒,我们所有人都喜欢。 terrible糟糕的;boring无聊的;wonderful极好的;difficult困难的。根据后半句“We all liked it”能判断食物味道很好。 26.—________ did you stay there? —For three days. A.How long B.How far C.How often D.How much 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你在那里待了多久? ——三天。How long多久,提问时间长短或物体长度;How far多远,提问距离;How often多久一次,提问动作发生的频率;How much多少,提问不可数名词数量或价格。根据答句“For three days.”,表示一段持续的时间,对时长提问用How long。 27.—How was your holiday? —It was ________. I had a wonderful time. A.fantastic B.boring C.terrible D.bad 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你的假期怎么样?——非常棒。我玩得很开心。 fantastic极好的;boring无聊的;terrible糟糕的;bad不好的。根据后一句“I had a wonderful time.”(我玩得很愉快)可知此处需要表达褒义含义,故选fantastic。 28.Everything ________ delicious, especially chicken soup. A.taste B.tastes C.tasted D.tasting 【答案】B 【详解】句意:所有东西尝起来都很美味,尤其是鸡汤。taste尝起来(动词原形);tastes尝起来(动词第三人称单数);tasted尝起来(动词过去式/过去分词)tasting品尝(现在分词/动名词)。everything是不定代词,作主语时,谓语动词必须用第三人称单数。本句无过去时间标志,描述事物本身的味道,用一般现在时。所以选B。 29.It took my ________ away. It was so amazing! A.breath B.breathe C.breaths D.breathing 【答案】A 【详解】句意:它美得让我屏息。太令人惊叹了! breath呼吸,名词;breathe呼吸,动词;breaths呼吸,名词复数;breathing呼吸,动名词。固定搭配take one’s breath away表示“令人惊叹、使人屏息”,此处用单数名词breath。 30.We stayed in Lijiang old town ________ a few days. A.in B.on C.for D.at 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我们在丽江古城待了好几天。in在……内;在……之后;on在(具体某天);for持续;at在(具体时刻/小地点)。此处是for + 一段时间,表示动作持续多久。 四、补全对话 根据对话内容,从下面选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整 (其中有两项是多余的)。 A: Hi, Tom! Long time no see. 31 B: Pretty good! I just came back from my hometown. 32 A: Oh, really? How was your trip there? B: 33 The air was fresh and I visited many old friends. A: Lucky you! 34 B: I stayed there for a week. 35 A: I spent my vacation studying for the mid-term exam. B: That’s hard work! Hope you get good grades. A.How was your vacation? B.Where did you go? C.It was wonderful! D.How long did you stay there? E.What about you? F.I had a great time there. G.Did you have fun? 【答案】31.A 32.F 33.C 34.D 35.E 【导语】本文是A和B两人的对话,对话中两人谈论了各自的假期活动。 【详解】31.根据答语“Pretty good!”可知,此处是询问对方近况或假期过得如何。结合下文双方谈论假期内容,选项 A“你假期过得怎么样?”符合语境。 32.B提到刚回家乡,此处顺势补充说明在那儿的感受。选项 F“我在那儿玩得很愉快”是对回家乡经历的补充,且能引出下文A对旅途的具体询问,符合逻辑。 33.根据问句“How was your trip there?”可知,此处需对旅途进行评价。选项 C“它很棒!”是直接回答“How was...”的标准句式,符合问答逻辑。 34.根据答语“I stayed there for a week.”表示时间段,可知此处是询问停留的时长。选项 D“你在那儿待了多久?”符合语境。 35.根据答语A讲述自己假期在备考,可知B此处是将话题转向A,询问A的假期情况。选项 E“你呢?”用于反问对方,符合语境。 四、翻译 词组默写。 36.听起来不错 ________ 37.待在古镇 ________ 38.几天 ________ 39.令人惊叹 ________ 40.拍大量的照片 ________ 41.尝起来不错 ________ 42.汽锅鸡汤 ________ 43.待在家阅读 ________ 44.没什么特别的 ________ 45.尝了一些云南菜 ________ 【答案】 36.sounds great 37.stayed in an old town 38.for a few days 39.take one’s breath away 40.take a lot of photos 41.taste good 42.steamed chicken soup 43.stay at home to read 44.nothing special 45.tried some Yunnan dishes 【解析】36.sounds great “听起来不错”,系表结构短语,故填sounds great。 37.stayed in an old town “待在古镇”,动词短语,故填stayed in an old town。 38.for a few days “几天”,表示时间段的介词短语,故填for a few days。 39.take one’s breath away “令人惊叹”,动词短语,故填take one’s breath away。 40.take a lot of photos “拍大量的照片”,动词短语,故填take a lot of photos。 41.taste good “尝起来不错”,系表结构短语,故填taste good。 42.steamed chicken soup “汽锅鸡汤”,名词短语,故填steamed chicken soup。 43.stay at home to read “待在家阅读”,动词短语,故填stay at home to read。 44.nothing special “没什么特别的”,不定代词短语,故填nothing special。 45.tried some Yunnan dishes “尝了一些云南菜”,动词短语,故填tried some Yunnan dishes。 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 一、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.He was getting ________ (厌烦的) with doing the same thing every day. 【答案】bored 【详解】句意:他对每天做同样的事情感到厌烦。根据“was getting”及“with”提示,需填形容词作表语,描述人的感受,“厌烦的”为形容词bored。 2.Writing novels is one of his favorite _______ (爱好). 【答案】hobbies 【详解】句意:写小说是他最喜欢的爱好之一。括号内中文“爱好”对应的英文单词为hobby。句中“one of”意为“……之一”,其后应接可数名词复数,hobby以辅音字母加y结尾,其复数形式需变y为i再加-es,故填hobbies。 3.Listening to ________ (轻柔的) music can help you to relax 【答案】soft 【详解】句意:听轻柔的音乐可以帮你放松。根据汉语提示可知,soft“轻柔的”,形容词修饰名词music,故填soft。 4.There is a ________ (彩虹) hanging in the sky after the heavy rain. It is beautiful. 【答案】rainbow 【详解】句意:大雨过后天空中挂着一道彩虹,它很美。括号内中文“彩虹”对应的英文单词为rainbow,其前有不定冠词“a”修饰,提示该空应填入可数名词单数形式,故填rainbow。 5.He walked t________ (朝) his mother and hugged her tightly 【答案】towards 【详解】句意:他走向他的母亲并紧紧地拥抱她。此处需要一个表示“朝、向”含义的介词,结合首字母提示“t”,towards完全符合语境,“walk towards”是固定搭配,意为“朝……走去”。 6.I am ________ (准备好的) to have an English class. 【答案】ready 【详解】句意:我准备好上英语课了。ready“准备好的”,形容词作表语,构成固定搭配be ready to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”。故填ready。 7.No one taught me German. I learned it by ________ (我自己). 【答案】myself 【详解】句意:没有人教过我德语。我是自学的。myself“我自己”,反身代词。 8.The bed in the hotel was very ________ (舒适的), so I had a good sleep. 【答案】comfortable 【详解】句意:酒店里的那张床非常舒适,所以我睡得很香。根据中文提示,comfortable“舒适的”符合题意,为形容词,作表语。故填comfortable。 9.Did you do ________ (某事) interesting on your holiday? 【答案】anything 【详解】句意:你假期做了什么有趣的事吗? “某事”对应的英文不定代词是“something”,在此处的一般疑问句中要改为anything,且形容词“interesting”要后置修饰不定代词。故填anything。 10.I have _________ (一些重要的事情) to tell you. 【答案】something important 【详解】句意:我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。根据汉语提示可知,something important“一些重要的事情”,本句是肯定句,用复合不定代词something,形容词important后置,修饰不定代词。故填something important。 二、用括号所给单词适当形式完成句子 11.Nobody ________ (be) happy when they knew the bad news last night. 【答案】was 【详解】句意:昨晚得知这个坏消息时,没有人开心。时间状语“last night”为一般过去时标志;不定代词“nobody”作主语时谓语动词用单数,be动词单数过去式为was。故填was。 12.I asked how he could finish the hard work fast and ________ (easy). 【答案】easily 【详解】句意:我问他是如何又快又容易地完成这项艰巨工作的。空格前的“fast”为副词,修饰动词“finish”。连词“and”连接两个并列的副词,因此括号内形容词“easy”需变为副词“easily”,表示“容易地”。故填easily。 13.To ________ (everyone) joy, our team won the basketball match. 【答案】everyone’s 【详解】句意:令大家高兴的是,我们队赢得了篮球比赛。句中“joy”为名词,意为“高兴、快乐”,修饰名词需用名词所有格形式。括号内给出的词是“everyone”,因此需要将其变为所有格形式,即在词尾加“s”。 14.They were ________ (surprise) to watch a small rabbit jump past the garden. 【答案】surprised 【详解】句意:他们看到一只小兔子从花园边跳过去感到很惊讶。此处需要用形容词来描述人的感受,“surprise”对应的形容人感受的形容词形式是‌surprised‌,表示“感到惊讶的”,be surprised to do sth.是固定短语,意为“做某事感到惊讶”。 15.He couldn’t hear ________ (something) in the dark old house. 【答案】anything 【详解】句意:在那座黑暗的老房子里,他什么也听不见。句中“couldn’t”为否定形式,在否定句或疑问句中需用anything,表示“任何声音/东西”。 16.Tom hoped to get ________ (something) tasty when he felt sick last week. 【答案】something 【详解】句意:上周汤姆生病时,他希望能吃到一点好吃的东西。括号提示词为something,something是不定代词,形容词tasty修饰不定代词要后置,构成something tasty“好吃的东西”,无需变形,故填something。 17.We rang the bell but ________ (somebody) came out. Perhaps they went shopping. 【答案】nobody 【详解】句意:我们按了门铃,但没有人出来。或许他们去购物了。句中but表示转折,后句表达没人出来,somebody用于肯定句,否定含义需用nobody。 18.He felt ________ (bore) when he watched the long boring cartoon. 【答案】bored 【详解】句意:看那部又长又无聊的动画片时,他觉得很无聊。感官动词felt后接形容词作表语,bored修饰人,表示“感到无聊的”; boring修饰事物,意为“令人无聊的”。本句主语He是人,故填bored。 19.The steamed chicken soup was _________ (especial) delicious. 【答案】especially 【详解】句意:这道鸡汤特别美味。空格修饰形容词delicious,需要副词。故填especially。 20.I saw a _________ (beauty) rainbow across the sky. 【答案】beautiful 【详解】句意:我看见一道美丽的彩虹横跨天空。空处修饰名词rainbow,需用形容词。故填beautiful。 二、单项选择 21.—How much advice did Jack offer at the meeting? —________ at all. He said________. A.Nothing; nothing B.Nothing; none C.None; none D.None; nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——杰克在会议上提供了多少建议?—— 一点也没有。他什么也没说。 none没有一个,毫无;nothing没有什么。第一空根据“How much advice”可知,是询问数量,none可用来指代“数量上一点建议也没提”,常与at all搭配;第二空表示“他什么话也没说”,said nothing是固定表达,符合语境。应填None;nothing。 22.—Mr. Wang, how to be a smart learner? —Only empty cups can be filled. Try to learn as if you know ________. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——王先生,如何成为一名聪明的学习者?——只有空杯子才能被装满。试着像什么都不知道一样去学习。something某事;anything任何事;nothing没什么;everything一切。根据“Only empty cups can be filled.”可知,只有空杯子才能被装满,这意味着要假设自己一无所知才能学得更多,nothing符合语境。 23.I really like this book. The beautiful pictures in it make reading more ________ and enjoyable. A.serious B.balanced C.comfortable 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我真的很喜欢这本书。里面美丽的图片让阅读变得更加舒适和愉快。serious严肃的;balanced平衡的;comfortable舒适的。根据“The beautiful pictures in it”及“enjoyable”可知,美丽的图片会让阅读过程变得轻松舒适。应填comfortable。 24.I always help other people, so I’m proud of ________. A.herself B.myself C.yourself 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我总是帮助其他人,因此我为我自己感到骄傲。herself她自己;myself我自己;yourself你自己。根据主语“I”可知,反身代词应与主语保持一致,应用myself。 25.My brother is old enough to take care of ________. A.him B.himself C.his D.he 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我哥哥已经足够大了,能够照顾自己。him他,人称代词宾格;himself他自己,反身代词;his他的,形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词;he他,人称代词主格。“take care of oneself”为固定搭配,意为“照顾自己”,主语是“My brother”,应用反身代词himself。 26.I have ________ to tell you. Let’s keep it as a secret between us. A.something special B.special something C.anything special D.special anything 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我有特别的事要告诉你。让我们把它作为我们之间的秘密吧。形容词修饰不定代词时要后置。something常用于肯定句,anything常用于否定句或疑问句。本句是肯定句,且根据“Let’s keep it as a secret between us.”可知,是有特别的事情要说,应用something special。故选A。 27.I looked for my pen ________, but I couldn’t find it ________. A.everywhere; somewhere B.somewhere; everywhere C.anywhere; nowhere D.everywhere; anywhere 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我到处找我的钢笔,但任何地方都找不到它。everywhere到处;somewhere某处;anywhere任何地方。根据“but”可知,此处是转折关系,表示到处找钢笔,但任何地方都找不到它。因此,第一空用everywhere表示“到处”;第二空在否定句中,表示“任何地方”,所以用anywhere。故填everywhere; anywhere。 28.—Would you like ________ to drink? —Yes, I’d like a glass of orange juice. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你想要喝某物吗?——是的,我想要一杯橙汁。something某物;anything任何事物;nothing没有什么;everything一切。通常something用于肯定句,anything用于否定句或疑问句,但在表示建议、请求并希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,用something。根据“Would you like...?”及答语“Yes”可知是委婉请求且期望肯定回答。故填something。 29.—How was your trip to Xi’an? —Everything ________ excellent! The Terracotta Warriors were amazing. A.is B.are C.was D.were 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你的西安之旅怎么样?——一切是极好的!兵马俑令人惊叹。根据问句“How was your trip...”及答语后句“...were amazing”可知时态为一般过去时,排除A、B;不定代词Everything作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,排除D。 30.—Did you buy ________ in the supermarket? —No, I bought ________ because the prices were too high. A.something; anything B.anything; nothing C.nothing; anything D.everything; something 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你在超市买什么东西了吗?——不,我什么都没买,因为价格太高了。 something某物,常用于肯定句;anything任何物,常用于疑问句或否定句;nothing没有什么;everything一切。第一句为一般疑问句,应用anything;第二空根据“No”及“because prices were too high”可知,没买东西,bought为肯定形式,故用nothing表示否定意义。应填anything; nothing。 31.The long ________ meeting made everyone ________. A.boring; bored B.bored; boring C.bored; bored D.boring; boring 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这个冗长乏味的会议让每个人都感到无聊。boring令人无聊的(用于修饰物或事,表示本身令人厌烦);bored感到无聊的(用于修饰人,表示人的感受)。第一空修饰“meeting”(会议,物),应用boring;第二空修饰“everyone”(人),表示人的感受,应用bored。 32.________ is ready for the party. Let’s begin! A.Something B.Anything C.Everything D.Nothing 【答案】C 【详解】句意:聚会的一切都准备好了。让我们开始吧!Something某事;Anything任何事;Everything一切;Nothing没什么。根据“Let’s begin!”可知,聚会的所有准备工作已完成,说明一切都准备好了。应填Everything。 33.—Did you go to the zoo ________ the museum? —Neither. I went to the countryside. A.and B.but C.so D.or 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你去了动物园还是博物馆?——都没去。我去了乡下。and和;but但是;so所以;or或者。根据答语“Neither.”可知问句是在两者之间进行选择,疑问句中表示选择关系应用连词or。 34.Mr Zhang is a music lover. For him, ________is more important than music. A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意:张先生是个音乐爱好者。对他来说,没有什么比音乐更重要。everything一切事物;something某事;anything任何事物;nothing没有什么。根据“Mr Zhang is a music lover.”可知张先生非常热爱音乐,推测出对他来说没有事物比音乐更重要。故填nothing。 35.— Did you go ________ interesting? — Yes, I went to the mountains. A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你去过任何有趣的地方吗?——是的,我去了山里。somewhere某地;anywhere任何地方;nowhere无处;everywhere到处。题干是疑问句,疑问句中表示“某个地方”要用anywhere,符合语境。 三、补全对话 根据下面的对话场景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Susan. Long time no see. 36 ? B: I went to Beijing. A: 37 ? B: I went there by train. A: Wow! It’s cool! Did you go to the museums? B: Yes, we went to lots of museums. A: Oh, 38 ? B: They were interesting. But they were a little crowded. A: 39 ? B: Yeah, I went to lots of stores and bought a gift for my mother. A: How were people there? B: 40 . A: Sounds great. I will go there next vacation. 【答案】36.Where did you go 37.How did you go there 38.what did you think of them 39.Did you buy anything there 40.They were friendly 【导语】本文主要介绍了A与 Susan之间围绕假期北京之行的去向、出行方式、参观感受、购物情况及当地人文情况展开的交流。 【详解】36.B在答语“I went to Beijing.” 中交代了自己去的地点,推断A在“Hi, Susan. Long time no see. ... ?”中询问对方去了哪里。语句Where did you go符合语境。 37.B 在答语“I went there by train.”中说明了前往北京的交通方式,推断A在问句中询问对方的出行方式。语句How did you go there?符合语境。 38.B在答语“They were interesting. But they were a little crowded.”中表达了对博物馆的评价与感受,推断A在问句中询问对方对博物馆的看法。语句what did you think of them符合语境。 39.B在答语“Yeah, I went to lots of stores and bought a gift for my mother.”中说明了自己的购物经历,推断A在问句中询问对方是否买了东西。语句Did you buy anything there符合语境。 40.A在问句“How were people there?”中询问当地的人们怎么样,B需要对当地人的特点作出回答。语句They were friendly符合语境。 1.本节课核心知识(结合课堂知识总结):_________________________________________________ 2.今日错题 / 不懂的内容:_______________________________________________________________ 3.我的改进小计划: _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 1 Section A(导学案)英语新教材人教版八年级上册
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