内容正文:
人教版英语三年级上册 Unit 4 Plants around us 核心语法精讲精练
第一部分:单元核心语法梳理
本单元围绕“植物与我们”这一主题展开,涉及询问和表达对植物的喜好、植物生长需求以及如何帮助植物。核心语法知识点有以下三个:
语法一:Do you like...? 询问与表达喜好
基本用法
“Do you like...?” 是由助动词do引导的一般疑问句,用于询问对方是否喜欢某事物。回答时用do或don't,like 后面接可数名词复数或不可数名词。
问答结构:
- 问句:Do you like + 名词(复数/不可数)?
- 肯定回答:Yes, I do.
- 否定回答:No, I don't.
举例:
—Do you like apples? 你喜欢苹果吗?—Yes, I do. 是的,我喜欢。
—Do you like bananas? 你喜欢香蕉吗?—No, I don't. 不,我不喜欢。
要点提醒:
- 问句中用Do提问,回答时必须用do或don't,不能用 “Yes, I like.” 单独作为回答。
- like后面如果接可数名词,要用复数形式表示“这一类事物”,如 like apples / like grapes,不能说 like apple 表示“喜欢苹果这类水果”。
- “And you?” 用于反问同样的问题。如:—I like bananas. And you?
- “Not really.” 是委婉的否定用语,表示“不太喜欢”。
语法二:名词单复数与不定冠词 a / an
可数名词复数
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,表示“多个”时在词尾加 -s(大部分情况)。本单元常见水果和植物名词复数:
- apple → apples
- banana → bananas
- grape → grapes
- orange → oranges
- tree → trees
- flower → flowers
要点提醒:
- 表达“喜欢某类事物”时,用名词复数:I like grapes.
- 描述多个事物时,也要用复数:Grapes are small. Bananas are long.
不定冠词 a / an 的区分
a 和 an 都表示“一个”,用在单数可数名词前面。区别在于:
-a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前:a tree, a flower, a grape, a book
-an用于以元音音素开头的单词前:an orange, an apple, an umbrella
注意:判断用 a 还是 an,要看单词的发音而不是首字母。orange 和 apple 虽然首字母是 o 和 a(都是元音字母),它们确实以元音音素开头,所以用 an。
语法三:情态动词 can 表示“能做某事”
基本含义
can表示“能、会、可以”,用来表达某人具备做某事的能力或提出建议。
句型结构:
-肯定句:主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他。
- We can water the flowers. 我们可以浇花。
- We can plant new trees. 我们可以新种些树。
-否定句:主语 + can't / cannot + 动词原形 + 其他。
-一般疑问句:Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + can. 否定回答:No, 主语 + can't.
要点提醒:
- can 后面必须接动词原形。不能说 “We can watering.”,要说 “We can water.”
- can没有人称和数的变化,无论主语是谁,都用 can。不能说 “He cans...”
第二部分:对应练习
练习一:用 do 或 don't 完成对话
1. —Do you like apples? —Yes, I __________.
2. —Do you like grapes? —No, I __________.
3. —__________ you like oranges? —Yes, I do.
4. —I like bananas. And you? —Sorry, I __________ like them.
5. —__________ they like the farm? —Yes, they do.
练习二:用所给名词的适当形式填空
1. I like __________ (apple) very much.
2. We can see many __________ (tree) on the farm.
3. The school garden has beautiful __________ (flower).
4. —Do you like __________ (banana)? —Yes, I do.
5. __________ (grape) are small. __________ (orange) are big.
6. Plants need _________ (water), _________ (air) and _________ (sun).
练习三:用 a 或 an 填空
1. __________ apple 2. __________ orange 3. __________ grape
4. __________ flower 5. __________ tree 6. __________ umbrella
练习四:单项选择
( ) 1. —Do you like bananas? —__________
A. Yes, I like. B. Yes, I do. C. No, I'm not.
( ) 2. We can __________ new trees.
A. plant B. plants C. planting
( ) 3. I like __________.
A. grape B. grapes C. a grape
( ) 4. Plants need air, water and __________.
A. sun B. flowers C. trees
( ) 5. —__________ you like apples? —Yes, I do.
A. Are B. Do C. Can
( ) 6. This is __________ orange. It's sweet.
A. a B. an C. the
( ) 7. We can __________ the flowers.
A. water B. waters C. watering
( ) 8. —Can he plant trees? —No, he __________.
A. can B. can't C. don't
( ) 9. __________ are small. I like them.
A. Grape B. Grapes C. A grape
( ) 10. —Do you like __________? —Yes, I do. They are sweet.
A. apple B. apples C. a apple
练习五:根据中文补全句子
1. —你喜欢苹果吗?—是的,我喜欢。
—__________ you like __________? —Yes, I __________.
2. 我们可以浇花。
We can __________ the __________.
3. 植物需要空气、水和阳光。
Plants __________ __________, __________ and __________.
4. 我喜欢新鲜的空气。
I like __________ __________.
5. 我们可以种新树。
We can __________ __________ __________.
练习六:连词成句
1. like, you, Do, apples (?)
________________________________________________
2. water, can, flowers, We, the (.)
________________________________________________
3. need, air, Plants, water, and (.)
________________________________________________
4. new, plant, trees, We, can (.)
________________________________________________
5. you, the, Do, farm, like (?)
________________________________________________
参考答案
练习一
1. do 2. don't 3. Do 4. don't 5. Do
练习二
1. apples 2. trees 3. flowers 4. bananas 5. Grapes; Oranges
6. water; air; sun
练习三
1. an 2. an 3. a 4. a 5. a 6. an
练习四
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. B
练习五
1. Do; apples; do 2. water; flowers 3. need; air; water; sun
4. fresh air 5. plant new trees
练习六
1. Do you like apples?
2. We can water the flowers.
3. Plants need air and water.
4. We can plant new trees.
5. Do you like the farm?
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