高考英语定语从句 & 名词性从句2021–2026真题汇编和核心考点总结-2027届高考英语一轮复习专项（全国通用）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考英语定语从句与名词性从句高频考点，通过2021-2026年真题汇编，以“口诀+步骤+易错点”构建系统性解题方法体系，逻辑梳理知识点内在联系，提升学生分析推断能力与应试策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |定语从句|14题（含2026回忆版）|that/which区分口诀、关系副词判定两步法、四步解题流程|从关系代词到特殊难点（the way）再到非限制性从句，层层递进| |名词性从句|7题（含改编题）|what/that黄金判断口诀、whether两大必考场景、三步结构分析法|从成分分析（what）到连接词选择（that/whether）再到从句类型识别，由浅入深|

高考英语定语从句 & 名词性从句2021–2026真题汇编和核心考点总结——2027届高考一轮复习（全国通用）---教师解析版 一、定语从句 1.（2026全国一卷【回忆版】） Drawn by the aroma of street food, they line up in front of stands ____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 答案：that/which 解析：限制性定语从句；先行词stands（事物），关系词在从句作主语，that、which均可。 2.（2026全国二卷【回忆版】） We move on to tai chi positions, of ____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. 答案：which 解析：介词+关系代词结构；介词of提前，只能使用which，不能用that。 3.（2026浙江1月卷【回忆版】） The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air — a scream ____ always ended in laughter. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词a scream指物；关系词在从句充当主语，限制性定语从句that/which通用。 4.（2025新高考I卷） An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 答案：which 解析：逗号分隔非限制性定语从句；先行词Go，非限制性从句禁止使用that。 5.（2025全国二卷） Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____ bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 答案：where 解析：非限制性定语从句；先行词the countryside表地点，从句主谓结构完整，缺少地点状语，用关系副词where。 6.（2025浙江1月卷） Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 答案：which 解析：非限制性定语从句；先行词less formal clothing，关系词作package的宾语，逗号后只用which。 7.（2025北京卷） However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 答案：which 解析：非限制性定语从句，指代前文food waste这件事物，在从句中作主语。 8.（2024新课标I卷） The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route ____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 答案：that/which 解析：限制性定语从句，先行词the Silk Route，关系词作主语。 9.（2024新课标II卷） Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, ____ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,”add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 答案：who 解析：非限制性定语从句；先行词Tang Xianzu指人，关系词在从句作主语。 10.（2024浙江1月卷） Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____ will make them the most money. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词the way在从句中作主语，不可省略关系词。 易混区分：只有the way作方式状语（从句完整），才可用that/in which/省略。 11.（2023新高考I卷） The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____ live within the Giant Panda Range. 答案：that 解析：先行词被all修饰，规则限定只能选用that。 12.（2022全国甲卷） On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ____ lost his eyesight at eight, crossed many cities. 答案：who 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，从句缺少主语。 13.（2022新高考I卷） Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the best birthday party ____ I have ever had. 答案：that 解析：先行词被最高级the best修饰，限制性定语从句只能用that。 14.（2021全国甲卷） The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall ____ has survived China’s long history. 答案：that 解析：先行词被最高级修饰，限制性定语从句只用that。 二、名词性从句 15.（2026新高考I卷改编）As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus items for ______ they needed. 解析：what引导介词for后的宾语从句,宾语从句中缺宾语 16.（2025北京卷） The truth, though, is ____ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 答案：what 解析：表语从句缺少主语，指代事物，选用what。 17.（2024浙江1月卷） If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo customers out of pocket and disappointed. 答案：what 解析：表语从句，promote后面缺少宾语，what充当宾语。 18.（2023新高考II卷） They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ____ they need an English trainer. 答案：why 解析：表语从句；从句结构完整，why作原因状语，表示“这就是……的原因”。 19.（2022新高考II卷/浙江1月卷） Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. 答案：whether / if 解析：宾语从句，动词ask后表达含义“是否”，两者均可。 20.（2022北京卷） It’s easy to explain how we determine ____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn through experience. 答案：whether 解析：宾语从句；固定搭配 whether…or not，不能使用if。 21.（2021新高考I卷） Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 答案：What 解析：主语从句，从句缺少主语；what指代事物，位于句首首字母大写。 核心解题口诀 定语从句 1. 最高级、序数词、all、everything修饰先行词，只用that； 2. 逗号隔开（非限制性从句）、介词之后，绝对不能用that； 3. 地点/时间先行词：从句完整用where/when；缺主宾用which/that。 名词性从句 1.从句缺主语/宾语/表语 → what 2.句子结构完整，不缺主干成分 → that/why/when/where 3.出现or not、正式书面表达“是否” → whether 三.定语从句 & 名词性从句 高考核心考点总结 一、定语从句【高考最高频】 1. 关系代词：that / which 必考区分 ✅只能用that（真题高频条件） ①先行词被 最高级、序数词、all 修饰 例：（2023新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____ live within the Giant Panda Range.（答案that） 例：（2022新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the best birthday party ____ I have ever had.（答案that） ②先行词既有人又有物 ❌绝对不能用that ①逗号隔开 → 非限制性定语从句 例：（2025新高考I卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.（答案which） ②介词提前：介词 + ____ 例：（2026全国二卷【回忆版】）We move on to tai chi positions, of ____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches.（答案which） ✅通用规则（限制性定语从句） 先行词为事物，关系词在从句作主语/宾语 → that / which 均可 例：（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route ____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.（答案that/which） 2. who / whom / whose - who：先行词是人，从句作主语（非限、限制性都常考） 例：（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ____ lost his eyesight at eight, crossed many cities.（答案who） 例：（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, ____ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.（答案who） - whom：先行词是人，从句作宾语；介词后指人只用whom - whose = 名词所有格“……的”，后必须接名词 3. 关系副词 where / when 判定两步法（考试万能思路） ①先行词表地点/时间； ②定语从句主谓完整，不缺主语、宾语 满足两点 → where / when 例：（2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____ bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist.（答案where） 对比：如果从句缺主语/宾语，依然选用which/that 4. 特殊难点：the way 作先行词 1）the way 在从句作主语/宾语 → that / which（不可省略） 真题：（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____ will make them the most money.（答案that/which） 2）the way 在从句作方式状语（从句完整）→ that / in which / 省略 (2012全国卷单选) I don’t like the way ____ he speaks to his mother.（答案：in which/that/省略） 5. 非限制性定语从句标志性特征 逗号隔开主句与从句； 不能用that、不能省略关系词； which 可以指代前面整件事情。 例：（2025北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.（答案which） 二、名词性从句【高考区分难点：what VS that】⭐重中之重 1. 黄金判断口诀（语法填空第一分水岭） 从句缺少主语 / 宾语 / 表语 → what 从句结构完整，不缺主干成分 → that（无词义、不作成分） 例句对照 ✅（2021新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.（答案What，主语从句缺主语→What） ✅（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ____ they need an English trainer.（答案why，完整，表原因状语→why） ✅（2025北京卷）The truth, though, is ____ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest.（答案what，表语从句缺主语→what） ✅（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo customers out of pocket and disappointed.（答案what，表语从句promote缺宾语→what） 2. whether 两大必考场景（if 不能替代） 1）从句末尾出现 or not 真题：（2022北京卷）It’s easy to explain how we determine ____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn through experience.（答案whether） 2）置于句首引导主语从句，只用whether 补充：ask后面宾语从句表达“是否”，可以whether / if通用 例：（2022新高考II卷/浙江1月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.（答案whether/if） 3. 四类名词性从句简要识别（不需要死记名称，会分析结构） 1). 主语从句：从句放在主句动词前；常出现形式主语it 2). 宾语从句：动词、介词后面 3). 表语从句：be / become / seem 等系动词之后 4). 同位语从句：放在fact, truth, news等名词后面，解释内容 ⚠易混区分： 同位语从句that不作成分；定语从句that在从句充当主/宾 4. 连接副词 why / where / when 使用条件：从句主谓完整不缺主宾，只缺少状语；根据句意选含义 why（原因）、where（地点）、when（时间） 三、【考场快速区分】定语从句 VS 名词性从句 1. 定语从句：前面一定有先行词（名词/代词），从句用来修饰这个名词；去掉从句，主句依然完整。 2. 名词性从句：从句整体等同于一个名词，在主句充当主语/宾语/表语；去掉从句，主句成分残缺。 四、语法填空做题标准化步骤（考场实操流程） ✅定语从句解题步骤 1. 看空格前面是否存在名词（先行词） 2. 看有无逗号：逗号→非限制性，排除that 3. 分析从句：缺少主语/宾语 → which/that/who； 从句完整、缺地点/时间状语 → where/when 4. 观察是否存在介词提前：介词+which/whom ✅名词性从句解题步骤 1). 空格前无可以修饰的名词 → 优先判定名词性从句 2). 划出来从句，查看是否缺少主语、宾语 缺主干成分 → what 句子完整无空缺 → 看句意：无含义用that；表是否whether；表原因why等 五、真题高频易错汇总（学生极易丢分点） 1. ❌误区：看到地点名词一律填where 改正：要看从句内部是否缺主宾！缺宾语只能用which/that 2. ❌误区：非限制性定语从句随意使用that 改正：逗号后面永远不能用that 3. ❌误区：混淆what与that 记住：that不充当任何句子成分；只要从句缺主语宾语，首选what 4. ❌误区：whether…or not 混用if 改正：出现or not，一律只用whether 5. ❌误区：the way 一律省略关系词 改正：只有作方式状语才能省略；如果the way在从句作主语/宾语，必须that/which 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高考英语定语从句 & 名词性从句2021–2026真题（改编）汇编和核心考点总结——2027届高考一轮复习（全国通用）---学生测试版 一、定语从句 1.（2026全国一卷【回忆版】）Drawn by the aroma of street food, they line up in front of stands ____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 2.（2026全国二卷【回忆版】）We move on to tai chi positions, of ____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. 3.（2026浙江1月卷【回忆版】）The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air — a scream ____ always ended in laughter. 4.（2025新高考I卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 5.（2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____ bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 6.（2025浙江1月卷）Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 7.（2025北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 8.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route ____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 9.（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, ____ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 10.（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____ will make them the most money. 11.（2023新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____ live within the Giant Panda Range. 12.（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ____ lost his eyesight at eight, crossed many cities. 13.（2022新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the best birthday party ____ I have ever had. 14.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall ____ has survived China’s long history. 二、名词性从句 15.（2026新高考I卷改编）As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus items for ______ they needed. 16.（2025北京卷）The truth, though, is ____ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 17.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo customers out of pocket and disappointed. 18.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ____ they need an English trainer. 19.（2022新高考II卷/浙江1月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. 20.（2022北京卷）It’s easy to explain how we determine ____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn through experience. 21.（2021新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 参考答案 1. that/which 2. which 3. that/which 4. which 5. where 6. which 7. which 8. that/which 9.  Who 10. that/which 11. that 12. who 13. that 14. that 15. what 16. what 17. what 18. why 19. whether/if 20. whether 21. What 核心解题口诀 定语从句 1. 最高级、序数词、all、everything修饰先行词，只用that； 2. 逗号隔开（非限制性从句）、介词之后，绝对不能用that； 3. 地点/时间先行词：从句完整用where/when；缺主宾用which/that。 名词性从句 1.从句缺主语/宾语/表语 → what 2.句子结构完整，不缺主干成分 → that/why/when/where 3.出现or not、正式书面表达“是否” → whether 三.定语从句 & 名词性从句 高考核心考点总结 一、定语从句【高考最高频】 1. 关系代词：that / which 必考区分 ✅只能用that（真题高频条件） ①先行词被 最高级、序数词、all 修饰 例：（2023新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____ live within the Giant Panda Range.（答案that） 例：（2022新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the best birthday party ____ I have ever had.（答案that） ②先行词既有人又有物 ❌绝对不能用that ①逗号隔开 → 非限制性定语从句 例：（2025新高考I卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.（答案which） ②介词提前：介词 + ____ 例：（2026全国二卷【回忆版】）We move on to tai chi positions, of ____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches.（答案which） ✅通用规则（限制性定语从句） 先行词为事物，关系词在从句作主语/宾语 → that / which 均可 例：（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route ____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.（答案that/which） 2. who / whom / whose - who：先行词是人，从句作主语（非限、限制性都常考） 例：（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ____ lost his eyesight at eight, crossed many cities.（答案who） 例：（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, ____ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.（答案who） - whom：先行词是人，从句作宾语；介词后指人只用whom - whose = 名词所有格“……的”，后必须接名词 3. 关系副词 where / when 判定两步法（考试万能思路） ①先行词表地点/时间； ②定语从句主谓完整，不缺主语、宾语 满足两点 → where / when 例：（2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____ bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist.（答案where） 对比：如果从句缺主语/宾语，依然选用which/that 4. 特殊难点：the way 作先行词 1）the way 在从句作主语/宾语 → that / which（不可省略） 真题：（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____ will make them the most money.（答案that/which） 2）the way 在从句作方式状语（从句完整）→ that / in which / 省略 (2012全国卷单选) I don’t like the way ____ he speaks to his mother.（答案：in which/that/省略） 5. 非限制性定语从句标志性特征 逗号隔开主句与从句； 不能用that、不能省略关系词； which 可以指代前面整件事情。 例：（2025北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.（答案which） 二、名词性从句【高考区分难点：what VS that】⭐重中之重 1. 黄金判断口诀（语法填空第一分水岭） 从句缺少主语 / 宾语 / 表语 → what 从句结构完整，不缺主干成分 → that（无词义、不作成分） 例句对照 ✅（2021新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.（答案What，主语从句缺主语→What） ✅（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ____ they need an English trainer.（答案why，完整，表原因状语→why） ✅（2025北京卷）The truth, though, is ____ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest.（答案what，表语从句缺主语→what） ✅（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo customers out of pocket and disappointed.（答案what，表语从句promote缺宾语→what） 2. whether 两大必考场景（if 不能替代） 1）从句末尾出现 or not 真题：（2022北京卷）It’s easy to explain how we determine ____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn through experience.（答案whether） 2）置于句首引导主语从句，只用whether 补充：ask后面宾语从句表达“是否”，可以whether / if通用 例：（2022新高考II卷/浙江1月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.（答案whether/if） 3. 四类名词性从句简要识别（不需要死记名称，会分析结构） 1). 主语从句：从句放在主句动词前；常出现形式主语it 2). 宾语从句：动词、介词后面 3). 表语从句：be / become / seem 等系动词之后 4). 同位语从句：放在fact, truth, news等名词后面，解释内容 ⚠易混区分： 同位语从句that不作成分；定语从句that在从句充当主/宾 4. 连接副词 why / where / when 使用条件：从句主谓完整不缺主宾，只缺少状语；根据句意选含义 why（原因）、where（地点）、when（时间） 三、【考场快速区分】定语从句 VS 名词性从句 1. 定语从句：前面一定有先行词（名词/代词），从句用来修饰这个名词；去掉从句，主句依然完整。 2. 名词性从句：从句整体等同于一个名词，在主句充当主语/宾语/表语；去掉从句，主句成分残缺。 四、语法填空做题标准化步骤（考场实操流程） ✅定语从句解题步骤 1. 看空格前面是否存在名词（先行词） 2. 看有无逗号：逗号→非限制性，排除that 3. 分析从句：缺少主语/宾语 → which/that/who； 从句完整、缺地点/时间状语 → where/when 4. 观察是否存在介词提前：介词+which/whom ✅名词性从句解题步骤 1). 空格前无可以修饰的名词 → 优先判定名词性从句 2). 划出来从句，查看是否缺少主语、宾语 缺主干成分 → what 句子完整无空缺 → 看句意：无含义用that；表是否whether；表原因why等 五、真题高频易错汇总（学生极易丢分点） 1. ❌误区：看到地点名词一律填where 改正：要看从句内部是否缺主宾！缺宾语只能用which/that 2. ❌误区：非限制性定语从句随意使用that 改正：逗号后面永远不能用that 3. ❌误区：混淆what与that 记住：that不充当任何句子成分；只要从句缺主语宾语，首选what 4. ❌误区：whether…or not 混用if 改正：出现or not，一律只用whether 5. ❌误区：the way 一律省略关系词 改正：只有作方式状语才能省略；如果the way在从句作主语/宾语，必须that/which 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $