精品解析：辽宁省鞍山市2025-2026学年八年级下学期7月期末考试英语试题

2025—2026学年度第二学期期末质量检测 八年级英语试卷 （本试卷共45道题 满分90分 考试时长90分钟） 考生注意：所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Car Accident in the Heavy Snow Process of the accident： A car ran into a tree. Some people were trapped in the car. Weather conditions： There was a heavy snow. Date of the call： December 29, 2025 Time of the call： 9:30 p.m. Name of the caller： Mrs. Green Place： Yonghuai Road, Huai’an Conditions of victims (受害人)： Mr. Green hurt his head. Mrs. Green hurt her left leg. Their daughter felt scared. Action： Policemen arrived at 9:40 p.m. and the Greens were taken to People’s Hospital at 9:45 p.m. 1. What was the weather like that day? A. It was sunny. B. It was snowy. C. It was cloudy. D. It was rainy. 2. How did Mr. Green’s daughter feel at that time? A. Afraid. B. Surprised. C. Interested. D. Bored. 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The Greens’ car hit a truck. B. The policemen arrived half an hour later. C. The car accident happened on Yonghuai Road. D. Mrs. Green was the only person who got hurt. 4. What is the text? A. A travel diary. B. A school notice. C. A shopping list. D. An accident report. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一份关于大雪中车祸的表格报告，详细列出了事故过程、天气、报警时间、地点、受害人状况及处理行动等信息。 【1题详解】 根据表格中“Weather conditions”一栏的内容“There was a heavy snow.”可知，当天的天气是下雪。 【2题详解】 根据表格中“Conditions of victims”一栏的内容“Their daughter felt scared.”他们的女儿感到害怕，scared意为“害怕的”，与Afraid意思相近。 【3题详解】 根据“Place”中“Yonghuai Road, Huai’an”可知事故发生在永怀路，故C正确。 【4题详解】 通读全文表格内容可知，文章记录了车祸发生的过程、时间、地点、受害人情况及救援行动，属于一份事故报告“An accident report”。 B Kate’s dream of helping poor people started when she was visiting her father, who worked for the homeless. “I never knew that there were so many people in the world who didn’t have home or food before,” said Kate, a university student. “I got to know that there was something important I had to do.” At the age of 14, Kate started to raise money with her friends to build a playground. “It took us two years,” she said. “We did it little by little. We hoped our efforts could help make a difference.” In 2016, when Kate was 16, she visited some places in Africa. She saw many people going hungry and families living in houses made of cardboard (硬纸板). “The rooms were smaller than my bedroom, but there were eight people living in each one,” Kate said. “We also found some dirty rivers. Those people got drinking water from them.” The next year, Kate set up a club with her friends. It helped poor people in Africa. Providing clean drinking water, food and clothes for the people living in poor areas is now an important task for Kate’s club. “This girl is changing some people’s lives, and she is also changing the world,” said Kate’s teacher. 5. What is the job of Kate’s father? A. To sell food. B. To help homeless people. C. To build the playground. D. To show travelers around Africa. 6. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Traveling around Africa. B. Visiting her father at work. C. Setting up a club with friends. D. Raising money to build a playground. 7. What did Kate find when she traveled to Africa? A. Many people lived in strong houses. B. Some people couldn’t get clean water. C. Most people had enough food and clothes. D. Some people’s bedrooms were as big as hers. 8. Why does the writer tell us Kate’s story? A. To tell us how poor Africa is. B. To explain how to set up a club. C. To encourage young people to help others. D. To introduce different ways to raise money. 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. B 8. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Kate从14岁起为帮助贫困人群而行动的故事，包括筹款建游乐场、访问非洲后成立俱乐部提供清洁用水、食物和衣物，她的老师称赞她改变世界。 【5题详解】 根据第一段“her father, who worked for the homeless.”可知，父亲为无家可归者工作，即帮助无家可归的人。故选B。 【6题详解】 第三段“Kate started to raise money with her friends to build a playground. ‘It took us two years,’”中的“It”指代“筹集资金建游乐场”这件事。故选D。 【7题详解】 根据第四段“We also found some dirty rivers. Those people got drinking water from them.”可知，那里的人们喝脏水，即缺少干净水。故选B。 【8题详解】 文章讲述了Kate从小立志帮助穷人，并通过实际行动改善贫困人群生活的故事，最后引用老师的话赞扬她改变了世界。作者讲述这个故事旨在鼓励年轻人像Kate一样去帮助他人。故选 C。 C When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, these are several ways to make you feel good about yourself. ※Look in the mirror and say to yourself, “I am a special person and there’s no one in the world like me. I can do anything!” It may not sound so good, but it really works! ※Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good. ※Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family. ※Learn something new! Have you always wanted to decorate your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges are fun and give you a sense of achievement when you have finished. ※Read and start a diary. Turn off the TV and let your imagination fly! Write down your thoughts, dreams, problems or anything you want! Writing always helps to express your feelings. ※Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your mom or dad or maybe even your cousin. 9. Why does the writer use “※” before each way? A. To help the reader get the main idea of the passage. B. To show that there are only six ways to feel good. C. To make it easier for readers to find each way quickly. D. To make the paper look more beautiful and interesting. 10. Which of the following should you say “NO” to when you are unhappy? A. Look for the good things in others. B. Learn something new and go for it! C. Keep a diary to express your feelings. D. Stay quiet at home as much as possible. 11. According to the fifth way, what should you do to help express your feelings? A. Watch TV programs. B. Learn a new skill. C. Talk with your family. D. Write down what you think. 12. Who is the passage mainly written for? A. Parents who worry about their children. B. Teachers who want to help their students. C. Teenagers who feel bad about themselves. D. Doctors who study mental health problems. 【答案】9. C 10. D 11. D 12. C 【解析】 【导语】短文介绍了当人情绪低落、自我否定时，六种改善自我心态、让自己重拾好心情的实用方法，包含自我鼓励、助人、微笑待人、学习新事物、写日记、陪伴家人。 【9题详解】 文中每个方法前都用符号※标记，作用是划分条目，方便读者快速找到每一条调节心情的办法，对应C选项。 【10题详解】 原文给出的方法里没有“尽量独自在家沉默”这一建议，心情不好时不应该这样做，所以要拒绝该做法。 【11题详解】 第五种方法对应原文“Read and start a diary…Write down your thoughts, dreams, problems or anything you want! Writing always helps to express your feelings.”，写下自己的想法可以抒发情绪。 【12题详解】 文章开篇“When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, these are several ways to make you feel good about yourself.”，目标读者是情绪低落、自我否定的青少年。 D The Sahara Desert, also known as “the great desert” in Arabic, is in Africa and takes up 30% of this continent. The vast desert is about 9 million square kilometres in size and is at least 4.6 million years old, so it is one of the oldest places on Earth. All deserts have little water, and the Sahara is the world’s biggest hot desert. Many people think all deserts are hot, but this is not true. Scientists say Antarctica is a cold desert. Most parts of the Sahara are covered with rocks, but you can also find grass, lakes, mountains and sand seas there. Sand seas are large areas of sand. When strong winds blow, the sand moves just like sea waves. It is very hard to live in the Sahara. About two million people live here. Most of them move from place to place to look for food and water. Only a few people live all year in places with enough water. Few animals can live in such hot and dry places, so they need special ways to stay alive. Camels can live many days without water. When they find water, they can drink more than 100 litres in 13 minutes. Fennec foxes also live here. Their big ears help them cool down their bodies. Now the Sahara is becoming larger. It is 10% bigger than it was one hundred years ago. Scientists say climate change is an important reason. As the world gets warmer, summers in Africa become hotter and there is less rain. Lakes and rivers become smaller, and the ground gets drier. If we don’t take useful steps to protect the environment, the desert will keep growing bigger. 13. What does the underlined word “vast” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Quite dry. B. Rather old. C. Very huge. D. Really hot. 14. Why does the writer mention Antarctica in Paragraph 2? A. To show that not every desert is full of heat. B. To compare the size of Antarctica with the Sahara. C. To tell readers no animals can live in cold deserts. D. To explain there are two largest hot deserts on Earth. 15. What can we learn about animals in the Sahara from Paragraph 3? A. Fennec foxes’ big ears help them get more water. B. Camels can drink over 100 litres of water quickly. C. Most animals can live through hot and dry weather easily. D. All desert animals have to move around to look for food. 16. What is the main idea of the whole passage? A. Different kinds of deserts all over the world. B. Special animals that can live in the Sahara Desert. C. The difficult life of local people living in the Sahara. D. Basic information and the growing problem of the Sahara. 【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕撒哈拉沙漠展开，依次介绍它的地理位置、面积与悠久历史、沙漠类型、地表地貌、当地居民生活、特有耐旱动物，最后说明沙漠面积持续扩张的现状、气候变暖成因以及环境保护的警示。 【13题详解】 根据第一段中“The vast desert is about 9 million square kilometres in size”，结合前文提到它占据非洲大陆30%的面积，可知此处“vast”用来形容沙漠面积非常大。选项C“Very huge.（非常巨大。）”符合语境。 【14题详解】 根据第二段中“Many people think all deserts are hot, but this is not true. Scientists say Antarctica is a cold desert.（许多人认为所有沙漠都很热，但这不是真的。科学家说南极洲是一个冷沙漠。）”可知，作者提到南极洲是为了举例说明并不是所有的沙漠都是炎热的。选项A“To show that not every desert is full of heat.（为了表明并非每个沙漠都充满热量。）”符合文意。 【15题详解】 根据第三段关于动物的描述“Camels... When they find water, they can drink more than 100 litres in 13 minutes.”可知，骆驼能快速喝下100多升水。选项B“Camels can drink over 100 litres of water quickly.（骆驼可以快速喝下超过100升的水。）”与原文一致。 【16题详解】 文章第一段至第三段介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的地理位置、面积、历史、气候、地貌、居民及动物等基本信息，第四段重点介绍了沙漠面积正在扩大的现状、原因及后果。选项D“Basic information and the growing problem of the Sahara.（撒哈拉沙漠的基本信息和日益严重的问题。）”最能概括全文主旨。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框中所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一个多余的选项。 The students’life today can be very stressful (有压力的). They are under pressure every day. They need a break from it. Parents should ask children to do something else instead of letting them relax in front of the TV. ____17____. There are many different kinds of hobbies. ____18____ It is a very enjoyable game and it also helps children develop their thinking skills. ____19____ A child can collect almost anything: key rings, stamps, postcards, old coins, etc. Hobbies can be both interesting and useful. They teach children a lot. For example, gardening is a useful hobby because it is a physical activity and it also teaches children about nature. A hobby can be a useful learning tool. Children may become experts in something if they really love their hobbies. ____20____ Hobbies will also teach children a lot about responsibility. A. A hobby is the perfect answer. B. Playing chess is a good example. C. Students can play computer games to relax. D. Children will also learn to become more organized. E. Collecting something is also a good hobby for children. 【答案】17. A 18. B 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕学生学业压力大的现状展开，提出爱好是优质放松方式，列举下棋、收藏、园艺等多种爱好，并说明爱好能带给孩子学习、规划、责任感等多方面成长。 【17题详解】 前文提到“The students’life today can be very stressful (有压力的)…Parents should ask children to do something else instead of letting them relax in front of the TV”，指出学生需要解压、不要只靠看电视放松，后文开始介绍各类爱好。选项A“A hobby is the perfect answer.”说明爱好是绝佳的解压办法，承接前文学生需要放松的需求，引出下文爱好相关内容，逻辑合理。 【18题详解】 前文提到“There are many different kinds of hobbies.”，总起爱好种类繁多，后文“It is a very enjoyable game and it also helps children develop their thinking skills.”介绍一款益智游戏。选项B“Playing chess is a good example.”以下棋为例，对应后文能锻炼思维的游戏描述，逻辑合理。 【19题详解】 后文提到“A child can collect almost anything: key rings, stamps, postcards, old coins, etc.”，围绕收藏各类物品展开。选项E“Collecting something is also a good hobby for children”引出收藏类爱好，统领本段收藏相关内容，逻辑合理。 【20题详解】 前文提到“Children may become experts in something if they really love their hobbies.”，后文“Hobbies will also teach children a lot about responsibility.”，前后均为爱好带来的收获。选项D“Children will also learn to become more organized.”补充爱好能培养孩子条理规划能力，和前后文的成长收获形成并列，逻辑合理。 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Jessica was sitting on the sand. The sea looked so calm and it was so beautiful, ____21____ it didn’t make Jessica feel good. She was watching the rising sun, feeling ____22____. One year ago, Jessica loved playing on the ____23____ with her sister. Her sister used to ____24____ sandcastles with her. The seaside was like their second home. They couldn’t help loving it. One day, something terrible happened. A tsunami came and Jessica’s family lost their house. From then on, Jessica ____25____ the sea. Then, she saw two children playing on the sand and they seemed happy. Jessica started playing with them. They told ____26____ that they had lost their grandparents because of the tsunami. The kids said, “We used to ____27____ a lot but now we’re trying to be happy with whatever we are left with.” Jessica was ____28____ and thought to herself, “We lost our house because of the tsunami but we have our family around and they are the most important.” After that, Jessica began watching the sea ____29____. She realized that the rising sun looked so beautiful. She thanked the sea for not ____30____ the most important things in her life. 21. A. and B. but C. because D. so 22. A. angry B. happy C. upset D. curious 23. A. sand B. rock C. ground D. hill 24. A. take B. break C. share D. make 25. A. disliked B. accepted C. forgot D. forgave 26. A. us B. them C. him D. her 27. A. think B. fight C. cry D. laugh 28. A. shocked B. worried C. bored D. disappointed 29. A. suddenly B. differently C. simply D. successfully 30. A. moving away B. putting away C. taking away D. giving away 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了杰西卡因海啸失去房屋而讨厌大海，后受两个孩子启发，意识到家人最重要，重新接纳大海的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：大海看起来如此平静且美丽，但这并没有让杰西卡感觉良好。 根据“beautiful”与“didn’t feel good”之间的转折逻辑，可知此处需填转折连词，but“但是”符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：她看着升起的太阳，感到难过。 根据前文“didn’t make Jessica feel good”，可知她心情不好，upset“沮丧、难过”符合语境。 【23题详解】 句意：一年前，杰西卡喜欢和妹妹在沙滩上玩。 根据前文“sitting on the sand”及海边场景，可知是在沙子上玩，on the sand是固定搭配，表示“在沙滩上”。 【24题详解】 句意：她的妹妹过去常和她一起堆沙堡。 根据固定搭配“make sandcastles”，可知是堆沙堡，make“制作”符合语境。 【25题详解】 句意：从那时起，杰西卡不喜欢大海了。 根据海啸失去房子的创伤经历，可知她产生了负面情绪，disliked“厌恶”符合语境。 【26题详解】 句意：他们告诉她，因为海啸他们失去了祖父母。 根据Jessica是女性且为谈话对象，可知用宾格her。 【27题详解】 句意：我们过去常哭很多，但现在我们试着快乐。 根据后文“but now we’re trying to be happy”的转折对比，可知过去是悲伤的，cry“哭泣”符合语境。 【28题详解】 句意：杰西卡十分震惊，暗自思索。 根据孩子们的话触动了她，让她有了新的感悟，可知她感到震惊，shocked“震惊的”。 【29题详解】 句意：之后，杰西卡开始不同地看待大海。 根据前文她讨厌大海，现在发现美，可知看法改变了，differently“不同地”。 【30题详解】 句意：她感谢大海没有带走她生命中最重要的东西。 根据海啸夺走房子但家人还在的语境，可知是“带走”，take away“夺走、带走”。 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 I loved reading from an early age. Later, I became interested in Ernest Hemingway’s works. Hemingway is a famous American writer. In my opinion, The Old Man and the Sea is one of his ____31____ (good) books. I like it a lot so I want ____32____ (introduce) it to you now. The main character of the story is ____33____ old fisherman named Santiago. He has not caught a fish ____34____ 84 days. It is close to breaking his record of 87 days without ____35____ (catch) a fish. When he moves towards the Gulf Stream, he finally hooks (钩住) a fish. The fish is so huge and heavy ____36____ it takes Santiago three days to catch it. This is a terrible fight and Santiago is hurt ____37____ (bad). However, he never gives up and says on one page, “A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” At last, Santiago catches the fish successfully. I was greatly touched by the old ____38____ (man) spirit when I read the story. It taught me to be brave and believe in ____39____ (I). I think this is also the reason why many readers from home and abroad ____40____ (love) the story since it was first published. 【答案】31. best 32. to introduce 33. an 34. for 35. catching 36. that 37. badly 38. man’s 39. myself 40. have loved##have been loving 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从小热爱阅读，后被海明威的小说《老人与海》深深打动，通过介绍主人公圣地亚哥84天未到捕鱼却最终战胜大鱼的故事，赞美其“可以被毁灭但不能被打败”的顽强精神，并分享该书对自己勇敢、自信品格的塑造，同时指出这也是全球读者喜爱本书的原因。 【31题详解】 句意：在我看来，《老人与海》是他最好的书之一。“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数” 是固定结构，意为“最……之一”，形容词good“好的”最高级是best，表示“他最好的书之一”。 【32题详解】 句意：我非常喜欢它，所以现在想把它介绍给你。want后接不定式 “to do sth.”，表示“想要做某事”，因此填入动词introduce“介绍”的不定式to introduce。 【33题详解】 句意：故事的主角是一位名叫圣地亚哥的老渔夫。“old”以元音音素开头，前面用an，泛指“一位老人”。 【34题详解】 句意：他已经84天没有捕到鱼了。“for+一段时间”与现在完成时连用，表示持续时间，因此填for 【35题详解】 句意：这几乎要打破他87天没捕到鱼的纪录了。without 是介词，后接动名词，应填入动词catch“抓、捕”的动名词形式catching。 【36题详解】 句意：这条鱼又大又重，以至于圣地亚哥花了三天才把它捕获。“so...that...”是固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，填that。 【37题详解】 句意：这是一场惨烈的搏斗，圣地亚哥受了重伤。“hurt”是动词，需用副词修饰，给出的形容词bad翻译为“坏的”其副词形式 badly，表示“受伤严重”。 【38题详解】 句意：当我读这个故事时，我被这位老人的精神深深打动了。此处需表示“老人的精神”，要用名词所有格。给出的man是名词，翻译为“男人”，应填入其所有格man’s。 【39题详解】 句意：它教会我要勇敢，相信自己。“believe in+宾语”，这里宾语指“我自己”，强调自我信念。给出的I是主格，需用反身代词myself​，表示“我自己”。 【40题详解】 句意：我认为这也是为什么自它首次出版以来，许多国内外读者一直喜爱这个故事的原因。从句“since+一般过去时”则主句一般采用现在完成时，结构为“have+done”；主语readers是复数，动词love表示“爱”。故填have loved，表示从过去持续到现在的喜爱。这里也可表示这本书还可能会被读者继续喜欢下去，因此可用现在完成进行时，其结构为have been loving。 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41-43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. However, they are not always perfect teachers. Parents may be too close to their children emotionally. Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector. For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience. However, it might seem too dangerous to a parent. Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests to be similar to their own. If they love science, they may try to force their child to love science too. But what if (要是……又怎样) their child’s true love is art, or writing, or car repair? Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children. But should children always believe what their parents do? When children are young, they believe that their parents are always right. But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking. The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us. Books, online videos, and AI tools also teach us. All of them are valuable. 41. What do parents think of a trip to a big city? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Do children believe their parents all the time? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. According to the passage, why does the writer say “All of them are valuable.” in the last paragraph? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 44. What do you think parents should do to their children? Write 30 words or more. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. They think it is too dangerous. 42. No, they don’t. 43. Because they can teach us useful things. 44. I think parents should respect their children’s own interests and choices. They should not force children to do what they dislike. Instead, they should support them and allow them to learn from various teachers in life. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了父母在我们生活中的角色，指出父母虽重要但并非完美，有时过于保护或强加兴趣，并强调了生活中还有老师、朋友、书籍等多种多样的老师，它们都很宝贵。 【41题详解】 根据文章第一段“However, it might seem too dangerous to a parent.”可知，父母认为去大城市旅行太危险。 【42题详解】 根据文章第三段“But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking.”可知，孩子长大后会有自己的想法，不会一直相信父母，因此回答是否定的。 【43题详解】 根据文章第四段“Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us.”可知，父母、老师、朋友、书籍、视频和AI工具都能教导我们，说明这些都有价值，因为每个人和每种资源都能从不同方面帮助我们成长和学习。 【44题详解】 本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。结合文章主旨，父母不应强加意愿，应尊重孩子兴趣并支持他们向多方学习。 5、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 假定你是李辉，你的外国好友Eric给你发来一封邮件。请仔细阅读这封邮件并写一封回信。内容包括： （1）对他来中国表示欢迎； （2）介绍几条中国餐桌礼仪； （3）介绍本市可供游览的景点。 Dear Li Hui, How are you? I hope you’re fine and not too busy! I can’t wait to leave for China next week. But could you tell me something about Chinese table manners? What places of interest can I visit when I am in your city? See you soon! Eric 注意： （1）词数：80~100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）邮件中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear Eric, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui 【答案】例文 Dear Eric, Warmly welcome you to China! I’m really looking forward to meeting you. Let me tell you some basic table manners first. We eat with chopsticks. It’s impolite to stick chopsticks upright in rice. Besides, we should wait for the elders to start eating before us. There are wonderful places to visit in my city. You can take a walk in the 219 Park, which is the biggest one in the Northeast of China, and enjoy the beautiful views of the lakes and bridges. I can also take you to Mount Qian. I’m sure you will have a great time here. Yours, Li Hui 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点： 向Eric表达来华的热烈欢迎； 介绍几条中国餐桌礼仪； 推荐本市可供游览的景点； 确定人称：第一人称（I），第二人称（you） 注意事项：词数80–100词，开头结尾格式已给出不计入词数；可适度补充细节；禁止出现真实姓名、学校名称。 [第二步：构思布局] 四段式结构 开头段：承接邮件回信场景，首先热烈欢迎Eric来到中国，表达期待见面的心情，完成第一条要点； 主体第一段：转入餐桌礼仪介绍，依次说明餐具使用、禁忌行为、敬老用餐规矩，清晰介绍两条以上中式餐桌礼仪，回应对方邮件提问； 主体第二段：介绍本地游玩去处，推荐219公园（湖、桥风光）以及千山两处景点，完成景点介绍要点； 结尾段：表达祝愿，确信对方会在这里度过愉快时光，行文自然收尾，符合英文信件交际习惯。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：来华欢迎 核心短语：Warmly welcome you to China/look forward to meeting you/You are warmly welcomed to China/can’t wait to meet you face to face 要点二：中国餐桌礼仪 餐桌礼仪：eat with chopsticks/stick chopsticks upright in rice/wait for the elders to start eating/use chopsticks for meals/it is bad manners to put chopsticks straight in rice/let the elders begin eating first 要点三：游览景点推荐 景点推荐：take a walk in 219 Park/enjoy beautiful views of lakes and bridges/take you to Mount Qian/go sightseeing in 219 Park/admire nice lake and bridge scenery/show you around Mount Qian 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年度第二学期期末质量检测 八年级英语试卷 （本试卷共45道题 满分90分 考试时长90分钟） 考生注意：所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Car Accident in the Heavy Snow Process of the accident： A car ran into a tree. Some people were trapped in the car. Weather conditions： There was a heavy snow. Date of the call： December 29, 2025 Time of the call： 9:30 p.m. Name of the caller： Mrs. Green Place： Yonghuai Road, Huai’an Conditions of victims (受害人)： Mr. Green hurt his head. Mrs. Green hurt her left leg. Their daughter felt scared. Action： Policemen arrived at 9:40 p.m. and the Greens were taken to People’s Hospital at 9:45 p.m. 1. What was the weather like that day? A. It was sunny. B. It was snowy. C. It was cloudy. D. It was rainy. 2. How did Mr. Green’s daughter feel at that time? A. Afraid. B. Surprised. C. Interested. D. Bored. 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The Greens’ car hit a truck. B. The policemen arrived half an hour later. C. The car accident happened on Yonghuai Road. D. Mrs. Green was the only person who got hurt. 4. What is the text? A. A travel diary. B. A school notice. C. A shopping list. D. An accident report. B Kate’s dream of helping poor people started when she was visiting her father, who worked for the homeless. “I never knew that there were so many people in the world who didn’t have home or food before,” said Kate, a university student. “I got to know that there was something important I had to do.” At the age of 14, Kate started to raise money with her friends to build a playground. “It took us two years,” she said. “We did it little by little. We hoped our efforts could help make a difference.” In 2016, when Kate was 16, she visited some places in Africa. She saw many people going hungry and families living in houses made of cardboard (硬纸板). “The rooms were smaller than my bedroom, but there were eight people living in each one,” Kate said. “We also found some dirty rivers. Those people got drinking water from them.” The next year, Kate set up a club with her friends. It helped poor people in Africa. Providing clean drinking water, food and clothes for the people living in poor areas is now an important task for Kate’s club. “This girl is changing some people’s lives, and she is also changing the world,” said Kate’s teacher. 5. What is the job of Kate’s father? A. To sell food. B. To help homeless people. C. To build the playground. D. To show travelers around Africa. 6. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Traveling around Africa. B. Visiting her father at work. C. Setting up a club with friends. D. Raising money to build a playground. 7. What did Kate find when she traveled to Africa? A. Many people lived in strong houses. B. Some people couldn’t get clean water. C. Most people had enough food and clothes. D. Some people’s bedrooms were as big as hers. 8. Why does the writer tell us Kate’s story? A. To tell us how poor Africa is. B. To explain how to set up a club. C. To encourage young people to help others. D. To introduce different ways to raise money. C When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, these are several ways to make you feel good about yourself. ※Look in the mirror and say to yourself, “I am a special person and there’s no one in the world like me. I can do anything!” It may not sound so good, but it really works! ※Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good. ※Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family. ※Learn something new! Have you always wanted to decorate your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges are fun and give you a sense of achievement when you have finished. ※Read and start a diary. Turn off the TV and let your imagination fly! Write down your thoughts, dreams, problems or anything you want! Writing always helps to express your feelings. ※Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your mom or dad or maybe even your cousin. 9. Why does the writer use “※” before each way? A. To help the reader get the main idea of the passage. B. To show that there are only six ways to feel good. C. To make it easier for readers to find each way quickly. D. To make the paper look more beautiful and interesting. 10. Which of the following should you say “NO” to when you are unhappy? A. Look for the good things in others. B. Learn something new and go for it! C. Keep a diary to express your feelings. D. Stay quiet at home as much as possible. 11. According to the fifth way, what should you do to help express your feelings? A. Watch TV programs. B. Learn a new skill. C. Talk with your family. D. Write down what you think. 12. Who is the passage mainly written for? A. Parents who worry about their children. B. Teachers who want to help their students. C. Teenagers who feel bad about themselves. D. Doctors who study mental health problems. D The Sahara Desert, also known as “the great desert” in Arabic, is in Africa and takes up 30% of this continent. The vast desert is about 9 million square kilometres in size and is at least 4.6 million years old, so it is one of the oldest places on Earth. All deserts have little water, and the Sahara is the world’s biggest hot desert. Many people think all deserts are hot, but this is not true. Scientists say Antarctica is a cold desert. Most parts of the Sahara are covered with rocks, but you can also find grass, lakes, mountains and sand seas there. Sand seas are large areas of sand. When strong winds blow, the sand moves just like sea waves. It is very hard to live in the Sahara. About two million people live here. Most of them move from place to place to look for food and water. Only a few people live all year in places with enough water. Few animals can live in such hot and dry places, so they need special ways to stay alive. Camels can live many days without water. When they find water, they can drink more than 100 litres in 13 minutes. Fennec foxes also live here. Their big ears help them cool down their bodies. Now the Sahara is becoming larger. It is 10% bigger than it was one hundred years ago. Scientists say climate change is an important reason. As the world gets warmer, summers in Africa become hotter and there is less rain. Lakes and rivers become smaller, and the ground gets drier. If we don’t take useful steps to protect the environment, the desert will keep growing bigger. 13. What does the underlined word “vast” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Quite dry. B. Rather old. C. Very huge. D. Really hot. 14. Why does the writer mention Antarctica in Paragraph 2? A. To show that not every desert is full of heat. B. To compare the size of Antarctica with the Sahara. C. To tell readers no animals can live in cold deserts. D. To explain there are two largest hot deserts on Earth. 15. What can we learn about animals in the Sahara from Paragraph 3? A. Fennec foxes’ big ears help them get more water. B. Camels can drink over 100 litres of water quickly. C. Most animals can live through hot and dry weather easily. D. All desert animals have to move around to look for food. 16. What is the main idea of the whole passage? A. Different kinds of deserts all over the world. B. Special animals that can live in the Sahara Desert. C. The difficult life of local people living in the Sahara. D. Basic information and the growing problem of the Sahara. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框中所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一个多余的选项。 The students’life today can be very stressful (有压力的). They are under pressure every day. They need a break from it. Parents should ask children to do something else instead of letting them relax in front of the TV. ____17____. There are many different kinds of hobbies. ____18____ It is a very enjoyable game and it also helps children develop their thinking skills. ____19____ A child can collect almost anything: key rings, stamps, postcards, old coins, etc. Hobbies can be both interesting and useful. They teach children a lot. For example, gardening is a useful hobby because it is a physical activity and it also teaches children about nature. A hobby can be a useful learning tool. Children may become experts in something if they really love their hobbies. ____20____ Hobbies will also teach children a lot about responsibility. A. A hobby is the perfect answer. B. Playing chess is a good example. C. Students can play computer games to relax. D. Children will also learn to become more organized. E. Collecting something is also a good hobby for children. 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Jessica was sitting on the sand. The sea looked so calm and it was so beautiful, ____21____ it didn’t make Jessica feel good. She was watching the rising sun, feeling ____22____. One year ago, Jessica loved playing on the ____23____ with her sister. Her sister used to ____24____ sandcastles with her. The seaside was like their second home. They couldn’t help loving it. One day, something terrible happened. A tsunami came and Jessica’s family lost their house. From then on, Jessica ____25____ the sea. Then, she saw two children playing on the sand and they seemed happy. Jessica started playing with them. They told ____26____ that they had lost their grandparents because of the tsunami. The kids said, “We used to ____27____ a lot but now we’re trying to be happy with whatever we are left with.” Jessica was ____28____ and thought to herself, “We lost our house because of the tsunami but we have our family around and they are the most important.” After that, Jessica began watching the sea ____29____. She realized that the rising sun looked so beautiful. She thanked the sea for not ____30____ the most important things in her life. 21. A. and B. but C. because D. so 22. A. angry B. happy C. upset D. curious 23. A. sand B. rock C. ground D. hill 24. A. take B. break C. share D. make 25. A. disliked B. accepted C. forgot D. forgave 26. A. us B. them C. him D. her 27. A. think B. fight C. cry D. laugh 28. A. shocked B. worried C. bored D. disappointed 29. A. suddenly B. differently C. simply D. successfully 30. A. moving away B. putting away C. taking away D. giving away 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 I loved reading from an early age. Later, I became interested in Ernest Hemingway’s works. Hemingway is a famous American writer. In my opinion, The Old Man and the Sea is one of his ____31____ (good) books. I like it a lot so I want ____32____ (introduce) it to you now. The main character of the story is ____33____ old fisherman named Santiago. He has not caught a fish ____34____ 84 days. It is close to breaking his record of 87 days without ____35____ (catch) a fish. When he moves towards the Gulf Stream, he finally hooks (钩住) a fish. The fish is so huge and heavy ____36____ it takes Santiago three days to catch it. This is a terrible fight and Santiago is hurt ____37____ (bad). However, he never gives up and says on one page, “A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” At last, Santiago catches the fish successfully. I was greatly touched by the old ____38____ (man) spirit when I read the story. It taught me to be brave and believe in ____39____ (I). I think this is also the reason why many readers from home and abroad ____40____ (love) the story since it was first published. 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41-43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. However, they are not always perfect teachers. Parents may be too close to their children emotionally. Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector. For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience. However, it might seem too dangerous to a parent. Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests to be similar to their own. If they love science, they may try to force their child to love science too. But what if (要是……又怎样) their child’s true love is art, or writing, or car repair? Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children. But should children always believe what their parents do? When children are young, they believe that their parents are always right. But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking. The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us. Books, online videos, and AI tools also teach us. All of them are valuable. 41. What do parents think of a trip to a big city? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Do children believe their parents all the time? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. According to the passage, why does the writer say “All of them are valuable.” in the last paragraph? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 44. What do you think parents should do to their children? Write 30 words or more. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 假定你是李辉，你的外国好友Eric给你发来一封邮件。请仔细阅读这封邮件并写一封回信。内容包括： （1）对他来中国表示欢迎； （2）介绍几条中国餐桌礼仪； （3）介绍本市可供游览的景点。 Dear Li Hui, How are you? I hope you’re fine and not too busy! I can’t wait to leave for China next week. But could you tell me something about Chinese table manners? What places of interest can I visit when I am in your city? See you soon! Eric 注意： （1）词数：80~100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）邮件中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear Eric, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $