精品解析：山东滨州市博兴县实验中学2025--2026学年下学期八年级英语期末测试题

博兴县实验中学八年级英语下册期末测试题 一、完形填空（15分） Once upon a time, a king was going to fight against a strong enemy. However, he had only one--tenth of the number of soldiers (士兵) the enemy had. Hearing the news, the soldiers became really ____1____ . They thought it impossible for them to ____2____ . The king thought hard and came up with a good ____3____ . He told his soldiers they would have to ____4____ God’s will. “After my ____5____ to the temple, I will bring back God’s will by throwing a ____6____ . If it comes up heads, God promises that we will win; if not, we will lose.” The king finally came out with a coin which would show God’s will. The coin flew into the air. All the soldiers waited ____7____ it hit the ground. Heads! How ____8____ the result was! The soldiers were greatly encouraged and fought ____9____ because they believed that God had planned for them to win. When ____10____ the success after the fight, many soldiers said, “No one can ____11____ the will of God.” “In fact, it was not like that.” The king asked them to ____12____ the coin. Everyone was surprised at ____13____ they saw---a coin with heads on both sides. “There is no God at all!” they shouted. The king shook his head. “No! God is ____14____ there when you are strong ----minded enough. To win or to lose, it is in ____15____ hands.” 1. A. surprised B. worried C. interested D. relaxed 2. A. fight B. finish C. run D. win 3. A. deal B. answer C. plan D. program 4. A. follow B. question C. ask D. make 5. A. stay B. trip C. journey D. study 6. A. coin B. paper C. stone D. card 7. A. if B. until C. because D. though 8. A. unlucky B. unhappy C. unbelievable D. unfair 9. A. completely B. nervously C. heavily D. bravely 10. A. imagining B. noticing C. realizing D. celebrating 11. A. hold B. break C. take D. control 12. A. hand out B. check out C. put out D. leave out 13. A. how B. why C. what D. which 14. A. never B. always C. mostly D. nearly 15. A. my B. her C. your D. their 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. D 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述一位国王兵力远少于敌军，士兵们十分畏惧。国王想出妙计，谎称抛硬币可得知上帝旨意，特制一枚两面都是正面的硬币鼓舞士兵。大胜之后国王揭晓硬币真相，借此告诉众人胜负掌握在自己手中，内心坚定就拥有力量。 【1题详解】 句意：听闻这个消息，士兵们变得十分担忧。 根据敌军兵力远超己方、士兵心生畏惧的语境，应选用worried，表示“担忧的”。surprised“惊讶的”；interested“感兴趣的”；relaxed“放松的”，均不符。 【2题详解】 句意：他们认为自己不可能获胜。 根据敌众我寡，士兵不看好战局的语境，应选用win，表示“获胜”。fight“战斗”；finish“完成”；run“逃跑”，逻辑不通。 【3题详解】 句意：国王苦思冥想，想出了一个好计划。 根据国王思索后想出安抚士兵的办法，应选用plan，表示“计划”。deal“交易”；answer“答案”；program“程序”，均不符。 【4题详解】 句意：他告诉士兵们必须遵从上帝的旨意。 根据后文抛硬币知晓神意、士兵听信天意作战的情节，应选用follow，表示“遵从”。question“质疑”；ask“询问”；make“制造”，逻辑不符。 【5题详解】 句意：在我前往寺庙一趟之后，我会抛一枚硬币带回上帝的旨意。 根据国王前往寺庙短途出行的语境，应选用trip，表示“短途出行”。stay“停留”；journey“长途旅行”；study“学习”，均不符。 【6题详解】 句意：在我前往寺庙一趟之后，我会抛一枚硬币带回上帝的旨意。 根据后文国王拿出硬币的对应内容，应选用coin，表示“硬币”。paper“纸张”；stone“石头”；card“卡片”，逻辑不通。 【7题详解】 句意：硬币飞向空中，所有士兵一直等待直到硬币落地。 根据士兵等候硬币落地出结果的时间逻辑，应选用until，表示“直到”。if“如果”；because“因为”；though“虽然”，逻辑不符。 【8题详解】 句意：这个结果实在令人难以置信！ 根据国王抛出的硬币显示正面，所有人都震惊的情节，应选用unbelievable，表示“难以置信的”。unlucky“不幸的”；unhappy“不开心的”；unfair“不公平的”，均不符。 【9题详解】 句意：士兵们备受鼓舞，奋勇作战，因为他们相信上帝注定让他们取胜。 根据士兵得到鼓舞、奋力杀敌的语境，应选用bravely，表示“勇敢地”。completely“完全地”；nervously“紧张地”；heavily“沉重地”，逻辑不通。 【10题详解】 句意：战后庆祝胜利时，许多士兵说道：“没有人能违背上帝的旨意。” 根据战斗结束、众人欢庆胜利的场景，应选用celebrating，表示“庆祝”。imagining“想象”；noticing“注意到”；realizing“意识到”，逻辑不符。 【11题详解】 句意：战后庆祝胜利时，许多士兵说道：“没有人能违背上帝的旨意。” 根据士兵坚信胜利是神明注定，认为神的旨意无法违抗的语境，应选用break，表示“违背”。hold“握住”；take“拿走”；control“掌控”，均不符。 【12题详解】 句意：“事实上并非如此。”国王让他们查看这枚硬币。 根据国王让士兵仔细查看硬币、发现两面都是正面的情节，应选用check out，表示“查看”。hand out“分发”；put out“熄灭”；leave out“遗漏”，逻辑不通。 【13题详解】 句意：每个人都对眼前所见感到震惊——一枚两面都是正面的硬币。 根据介词at后缺宾语，指代人们看到的事物，应选用what，表示“什么（事物）”。how“如何”；why“为什么”；which“哪一个”，逻辑不符。 【14题详解】 句意：国王摇摇头：“不！当你内心足够坚定时，上帝始终与你同在。” 根据国王表达信念常在、力量永存的观点，应选用always，表示“始终”。never“从不”；mostly“大多”；nearly“几乎”，均不符。 【15题详解】 句意：胜或败，都掌握在你们自己手中。 根据国王对在场士兵讲话，称呼对方为“你们”，应选用your，表示“你们的”。my“我的”；her“她的”；their“他们的”，逻辑不通。 二、阅读理解（20分） A Perfect guide to making a summer diary Imagine a summer full of adventures and discoveries. Now imagine collecting all of that excitement in a certain place just for you. Sounds exciting, right? Why keep a summer diary? A summer diary is like a treasure box, filled with memories and experiences from your summer days. It’s a way to remember all your adventures, big and small, and all the things that make summer such a wonderful time. It is also a great place to show your ideas and let your imagination run wild! The first step to get started Every great adventure begins with the right tools. For your summer diary, the first step is to find the perfect notebook. It could be a simple pocket notebook or a diary with a lock and key. Look for something that catches your eye, and don’t forget that it should have pages to last you the whole summer. Ideas to get more creative ▲Daily Activities: Every day is an adventure! Write about what you did, saw or felt. ▲Nature Observations: You could write about a tiny insect you saw or the way the leaves rustle (make soft sounds when they move) in the wind. ▲Simple Doodles: A diary doesn’t have to be all about words. Paint something you saw, or draw a picture about your summer holiday. ▲Goals: What are your hopes for this summer or the new school year? Write them down and make a plan on how to achieve them. The reward of your summer diary By the end of summer , you’ll have a collection of memories and experiences. It will remind you of all the fun you had and show how much you’ve grown and learned .It’s a gift you can keep and share with your family and friends. 16. The passage is mainly about ________. A. what to do in summer B. how to make a summer diary C. where to spend summer holidays D. when to write a summer diary 17. The first step to start your summer diary is to ________. A. find a treasure box B. find a perfect notebook C. find a secret drawer D. find a lock and key 18. Which of the following is NOT the reward of a summer diary? A. It will remind you of all the fun you had. B. It will show how much you’ve grown and learned. C. It is a gift you can keep and share with your family and friends. D. It is a chance for you to earn a lot of pocket money. 【答案】16. B 17. B 18. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何制作夏日日记，包括写日记的原因、开始的第一步、创意灵感以及最终的收获。 【16题详解】 由标题“Perfect guide to making a summer diary”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了如何制作夏日日记。 【17题详解】 由“The first step to get started”部分“the first step is to find the perfect notebook”可知，第一步是找到一本完美的笔记本。 【18题详解】 由“The reward of your summer diary”部分的内容可知，日记能提醒乐趣（remind you of all the fun）、展示成长（show how much you’ve grown）、作为礼物分享（gift you can keep and share），文中未提及赚取零花钱（earn a lot of pocket money）。 B The moon has two very different sides. The side facing Earth, called the near side, is dark with large, flat areas. These flat regions are remains of ancient lava flows (熔岩流) that happened billions of years ago. The far side, which always faces away from Earth, is the opposite. It has more mountains and craters (坑), making it look rocky. For many years, scientists wondered why the two sides differ so much. Recently, a team led by NASA scientist Ryan Park found the answer lies under the moon’s surface. The team used data (数据) from the mission called GRAIL. In 2011 and 2012, two spacecraft, Ebb and Flow, orbited (绕轨道飞行) the moon for a year. Their job was to measure (测量) how the moon bends because of Earth’s gravity (地球引力). Like a soft ball that changes shape when squeezed (挤压), the moon bends (弯曲) slightly as it moves around Earth. This tiny movement gives clues about its interior (内部). ________ Park said, “At first, we couldn’t believe the data and checked it many times.” The near side is warmer inside, which may make its rocks soft and allow more bending. The far side is cooler and harder, so it bends less. This difference explains why the two sides look so different. This discovery helps us understand other planets too. Scientists have used this method to study Jupiter and the asteroid (小行星) Vesta. By observing how these bodies respond to gravity, scientists learn about their internal layers (内层) , such as whether they have liquid or solid (液体或固体) parts. Park added, “This method will help explore many planetary bodies in our solar system.” This new knowledge improves our understanding of planet formation (形成) and change. Next time you look at the moon, remember its two faces tell a story about what lies beneath (在……下面). 19. What does the underlined word “Their” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Researcher’s plans. B. Results of the study. C. Craters on the surface. D. The two orbiting machines. 20. Which sentence best fills the blank “________” in Paragraph 4? A. They finally found both sides were too cold to move. B. At first, they noticed the near side was harder than expected. C. Strangely, the moon’s near side showed more bending. D. At last, the moon’s surface became totally flat. 21. What is the best title for this article? A. The History of Ancient Lava Flows on the Moon B. Why the Moon Bends round Earth C. GRAIL’s New Discoveries About the Moon D. Measure the Moon’s Surface 【答案】19. D 20. C 21. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了月球近月面和远月面表面特征差异的原因。 【19题详解】 根据第三段“In 2011 and 2012, two spacecraft, Ebb and Flow, orbited the moon for a year. Their job was to measure...”可知，“Their”指代的是前一句中提到的两个绕月飞行的航天器（two spacecraft），即选项D所述的“The two orbiting machines”。 【20题详解】 空白处位于第四段段首，后文提到“The near side is warmer inside... allow more bending. The far side... bends less.”（近侧内部更暖……允许更多弯曲。远侧……弯曲较少）。且Park说“起初不敢相信数据”，说明发现的现象出乎意料。选项C“奇怪的是，月球的近侧显示出更多的弯曲”既符合后文关于弯曲程度的描述，也契合“不敢相信”的语境。 【21题详解】 文章主要讲述了NASA科学家团队利用GRAIL任务的数据，发现了月球两侧外观差异巨大的原因在于内部结构和温度的不同。选项C“GRAIL关于月球的新发现”准确概括了文章的核心内容（GRAIL 任务及其发现），其他选项均过于片面或偏离重点。 C Volunteers are people who help others without asking for money. They come from different kinds of jobs and places, but all want to do the same thing: make the world better. They help in many different ways. Animal Volunteers Many volunteers love animals. They work at animal shelters, taking care of dogs, cats and other pets. They feed the animals, clean their cages and help them find new homes. Some volunteers even help sick or hurt wild animals get better. Environmental Volunteers These volunteers care about nature. They plant trees, clean up parks and teach people how to recycle waste. Some ride bikes instead of driving cars to help keep the air clean. Others build gardens in cities so people can grow their own food. Community Volunteers These helpers work with people in their towns. Some visit old people who live alone and talk with them. Others help at food banks by giving food to poor families. Many students volunteer in the libraries after school. Disaster Volunteers When floods, earthquakes or other disasters happen, these brave volunteers help. They give food and water to people who lost their homes, build temporary (临时的) houses and help people find their family members. Some are doctors or nurses who treat injured people. Doing voluntary work is a great way to help others and learn new things. You don’t need special skills. You just need a kind heart. Why not try volunteering from now on? 22. According to Paragraph 1, what is the main purpose of volunteers? A. To earn money while helping others. B. To make the world a better place. C. To learn new skills for future jobs. D. To work in different working fields. 23. How do environmental volunteers help keep the air clean? A. By building gardens. B. By riding bikes. C. By recycling waste. D. By driving cars. 24. Which one of the following activities isn’t done by community volunteers? A. They visit elderly people. B. They help at food banks. C. They go travelling to the town. D. They do voluntary jobs in libraries. 25. How is the article organized? A. By explaining the history of volunteering. B. By telling a story about one volunteer. C. By introducing volunteers in different countries. D. By listing different volunteer types with examples. 【答案】22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了志愿者的定义、共同目标及四种不同类型的志愿者活动。 【22题详解】 根据第一段中的“all want to do the same thing: make the world better”可知，志愿者的共同目标是让世界变得更美好。 【23题详解】 根据第三段中的“Some ride bikes instead of driving cars to help keep the air clean.”可知，一些人骑自行车来帮助保持空气清洁。 【24题详解】 根据“Some visit old people who live alone and talk with them. Others help at food banks by giving food to poor families. Many students volunteer in the libraries after school.”可知，社区志愿者的活动包括看望和陪伴老人，在食物银行帮忙、在图书馆服务，但未提及“城镇旅行”。 【25题详解】 文章通过小标题分四类介绍志愿者：Animal、Environmental、Community、Disaster，每类列举具体活动，属于分类列举结构。 三、阅读还原（10分） 根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you want to be a volunteer? ____26____ You can pick what you really love to do. Help kids learn and grow. Be a big brother or a big sister at an after-school care center.____27____. Give back during the holidays. Serve dinner to the homeless, volunteer at your local welfare house (福利院), or give away toys to kids. Your community may also need your help. ____28____ Most shelters (收容所) need volunteers to keep the cats and dogs happy and well exercised. When you’re walking dogs, you get some exercise, too. Protect the environment. We can do something simple to protect the earth. ____29____ You can also plant a tree in the spring, or join a group to work together to protect your local river. Help sick people. Lots of us are close to people who have a medical problem. It can make you feel good to donate (捐赠) your time or money to help the sick people who may feel down sometimes.____30____. If you have more than one thing you love, find a way to do them all. With your help, we’ll certainly have a more beautiful world! A. Help at a local animal shelter. B. For example, take part in a local park clean-up day. C. Here are just a few ideas to get you started. D. When you cheer them up, you also feel happy. E. Helping others will benefit yourself as well. F. You can help little kids to learn or play with them. G. Care for endangered animals. 【答案】26. C 27. F 28. A 29. B 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍成为志愿者的几种可供选择的志愿工作。 【26题详解】 空前问“你想成为一名志愿者吗？”，空后说“你可以挑选你真正喜欢做的”。选项C“Here are just a few ideas to get you started.”承上启下，引出下文的具体建议，符合语境。 【27题详解】 本段小标题是“帮助孩子学习和成长”，空前提到在课后照顾中心做大哥哥大姐姐。选项F“You can help little kids to learn or play with them.”具体说明了如何帮助孩子，与本段主题一致。 【28题详解】 本段主要讲述收容所需要志愿者照顾猫狗。选项A“Help at a local animal shelter.”概括了本段内容，且与其他段落的小标题格式功能相似。 【29题详解】 空前说“我们可以做些简单的事情来保护地球”，空后说“你也可以在春天种树……”。选项B“For example, take part in a local park clean-up day.”是保护环境的具体例子，与空后的also形成并列关系。 【30题详解】 本段讲述帮助病人，提到他们有时会觉得低落（feel down）。选项D“When you cheer them up, you also feel happy.”与前文的“feel good”和“feel down”相呼应，说明了帮助病人的情感回馈。 四、语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Have you ever read a book that completely changed your perspective? ____31____ good read has the power to transport you to different worlds and teach you valuable lessons. For example, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a ____32____ (history) novel that describes the battles and strategies of ancient China. It’s based ____33____ real events, but the characters and stories are fictional. Lately, I read a mystery novel where a ____34____ (value) artifact had been stolen from a museum. The detective had to ____35____ (lock) the clues to solve the case. ____36____, the story kept me on the edge of my seat! Another classic, The Secret Garden, follows a young girl who discovers a ____37____ (hide) garden. Through her adventures, she learns to care for others and gets to ____38____ (she) feet after a difficult past. The book shows how nature can heal both the body and the soul. So, pick up a book today! Whether it’s a thrilling mystery ____39____ a heartwarming story, reading can expand your mind and bring joy. What have you read _____40_____ (recent)? 【答案】31. A 32. historical 33. on 34. valuable 35. unlock 36. Therefore 37. hidden 38. her 39. or 40. recently 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了优秀读物的益处，号召人们拿起书本阅读。 【31题详解】 句意：一本好读物有能力带你进入不同世界，教会你宝贵的经验。此处泛指“一本好读物”，good以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词A。 【32题详解】 句意：例如《三国演义》是一部描述中国古代战争与谋略的历史小说。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词novel，history的形容词形式是historical“历史的”。 【33题详解】 句意：它基于真实事件创作，但是人物和故事都是虚构的。固定搭配be based on意为“基于……”。 【34题详解】 句意：最近我读了一本悬疑小说，讲述一件珍贵文物从博物馆被盗的故事。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词artifact，value的形容词形式是valuable“珍贵的”。 【35题详解】 句意：侦探必须解开线索才能破案。结合语境可知破案需要解开线索，have to后接动词原形，因此是lock的反义词unlock“解开”。 【36题详解】 句意：因此，这个故事全程都让我紧张期待！前文铺垫小说的悬疑设定，后文引出作者的阅读感受，此处表因果，且空格后有逗号，Therefore“因此”符合逻辑。 【37题详解】 句意：另一部经典作品《秘密花园》讲述了一个小女孩发现一座隐藏花园的故事。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词garden，hide的过去分词hidden可作形容词，表示“隐藏的”。 【38题详解】 句意：她在历险中学会关心他人，在艰难过往后重新站稳脚跟。此处修饰名词feet需用形容词性物主代词，she的形容词性物主代词是her“她的”。 【39题详解】 句意：无论是刺激的悬疑故事还是暖心故事，阅读都能开阔思想、带来快乐。固定搭配“whether...or...”意为“无论……还是……”。 【40题详解】 句意：你最近读了什么书？此处作时间状语需用副词，recent的副词形式是recently“最近”。 五、书面表达（15分） 41. “Helping others brings light to our own lives.”我校正在招募学生志愿者，为有需要的人提供支持。假如你是八年级1班的李华，请写一封申请信，说明你希望参与的志愿者工作类型，选择该工作的原因，并阐述你希望通过这份工作为他人带来的积极影响，词数100左右。 Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to apply for a volunteer position at your program. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】范文： Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to apply for a volunteer position at your program. I am Li Hua from Class 1, Grade 8. I want to do volunteer work related to helping students with their studies. I’m good at math and English. I believe I can help out classmates who have difficulty in these subjects. Also, I’m a caring person and enjoy offering support. Through my work, I hope to bring them better academic performance and more confidence. When they understand the knowledge, they’ll feel happy and be more willing to face study challenges. Helping others brings light to our own lives. I hope to be a light for those in need. Thank you for considering my application. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体和时态：书信（志愿者申请信），全文以一般现在时为主，少量将来时表期望 明确写作要点：①自我介绍（八年级1班李华）；②想要参与的志愿工作类型；③选择这份志愿工作的自身优势与原因；④志愿工作能带给他人的积极影响；首尾呼应主题句“Helping others brings light to our own lives.” 确定人称：第一人称I/my 注意事项：词数控制100词左右，书信格式完整，不出现真实校名、人名 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：开门见山，说明写信目的——申请志愿者岗位，简单自我介绍 主体段：分层写三层内容①点明自己想参与的志愿工作类型；② 阐述做该工作的个人优势、自身原因；③ 阐述这份志愿工作能给有需要的人带来的积极改变； 结尾段：引用题干主题句升华主旨，表达期盼，礼貌致谢 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：志愿工作类型 可选方向：volunteer to help students with weak subjects/give free lessons to poor learners/tutor kids with study problems/visit the old people’s home and keep the elderly company/chat with lonely seniors/do housework for aged people/take part in community environmental protection/sort rubbish for local residents/organize small charity activities等 要点二：选择该工作的原因（自身优势） 能力优势：be good at English and math/have solid basic knowledge/can explain hard points simply/master easy learning skills/warm-hearted and patient/easy to get along with/good at communicating with others/always ready to give a hand/caring and gentle等 等要点三：带给他人的积极影响 影响 ：make great progress in schoolwork/grasp difficult knowledge easily/improve their exam scores/form good learning habits/build up self-confidence/become brave to face difficulties/feel less worried about study/gain warmth and hope等 要点四：结尾升华 固定主题句：Helping others brings light to our own lives. Thank you for considering my application. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 博兴县实验中学八年级英语下册期末测试题 一、完形填空（15分） Once upon a time, a king was going to fight against a strong enemy. However, he had only one--tenth of the number of soldiers (士兵) the enemy had. Hearing the news, the soldiers became really ____1____ . They thought it impossible for them to ____2____ . The king thought hard and came up with a good ____3____ . He told his soldiers they would have to ____4____ God’s will. “After my ____5____ to the temple, I will bring back God’s will by throwing a ____6____ . If it comes up heads, God promises that we will win; if not, we will lose.” The king finally came out with a coin which would show God’s will. The coin flew into the air. All the soldiers waited ____7____ it hit the ground. Heads! How ____8____ the result was! The soldiers were greatly encouraged and fought ____9____ because they believed that God had planned for them to win. When ____10____ the success after the fight, many soldiers said, “No one can ____11____ the will of God.” “In fact, it was not like that.” The king asked them to ____12____ the coin. Everyone was surprised at ____13____ they saw---a coin with heads on both sides. “There is no God at all!” they shouted. The king shook his head. “No! God is ____14____ there when you are strong ----minded enough. To win or to lose, it is in ____15____ hands.” 1. A. surprised B. worried C. interested D. relaxed 2. A. fight B. finish C. run D. win 3. A. deal B. answer C. plan D. program 4. A. follow B. question C. ask D. make 5. A. stay B. trip C. journey D. study 6. A. coin B. paper C. stone D. card 7. A. if B. until C. because D. though 8. A. unlucky B. unhappy C. unbelievable D. unfair 9. A. completely B. nervously C. heavily D. bravely 10. A. imagining B. noticing C. realizing D. celebrating 11. A. hold B. break C. take D. control 12. A. hand out B. check out C. put out D. leave out 13. A. how B. why C. what D. which 14. A. never B. always C. mostly D. nearly 15. A. my B. her C. your D. their 二、阅读理解（20分） A Perfect guide to making a summer diary Imagine a summer full of adventures and discoveries. Now imagine collecting all of that excitement in a certain place just for you. Sounds exciting, right? Why keep a summer diary? A summer diary is like a treasure box, filled with memories and experiences from your summer days. It’s a way to remember all your adventures, big and small, and all the things that make summer such a wonderful time. It is also a great place to show your ideas and let your imagination run wild! The first step to get started Every great adventure begins with the right tools. For your summer diary, the first step is to find the perfect notebook. It could be a simple pocket notebook or a diary with a lock and key. Look for something that catches your eye, and don’t forget that it should have pages to last you the whole summer. Ideas to get more creative ▲Daily Activities: Every day is an adventure! Write about what you did, saw or felt. ▲Nature Observations: You could write about a tiny insect you saw or the way the leaves rustle (make soft sounds when they move) in the wind. ▲Simple Doodles: A diary doesn’t have to be all about words. Paint something you saw, or draw a picture about your summer holiday. ▲Goals: What are your hopes for this summer or the new school year? Write them down and make a plan on how to achieve them. The reward of your summer diary By the end of summer , you’ll have a collection of memories and experiences. It will remind you of all the fun you had and show how much you’ve grown and learned .It’s a gift you can keep and share with your family and friends. 16. The passage is mainly about ________. A. what to do in summer B. how to make a summer diary C. where to spend summer holidays D. when to write a summer diary 17. The first step to start your summer diary is to ________. A. find a treasure box B. find a perfect notebook C. find a secret drawer D. find a lock and key 18. Which of the following is NOT the reward of a summer diary? A. It will remind you of all the fun you had. B. It will show how much you’ve grown and learned. C. It is a gift you can keep and share with your family and friends. D. It is a chance for you to earn a lot of pocket money. B The moon has two very different sides. The side facing Earth, called the near side, is dark with large, flat areas. These flat regions are remains of ancient lava flows (熔岩流) that happened billions of years ago. The far side, which always faces away from Earth, is the opposite. It has more mountains and craters (坑), making it look rocky. For many years, scientists wondered why the two sides differ so much. Recently, a team led by NASA scientist Ryan Park found the answer lies under the moon’s surface. The team used data (数据) from the mission called GRAIL. In 2011 and 2012, two spacecraft, Ebb and Flow, orbited (绕轨道飞行) the moon for a year. Their job was to measure (测量) how the moon bends because of Earth’s gravity (地球引力). Like a soft ball that changes shape when squeezed (挤压), the moon bends (弯曲) slightly as it moves around Earth. This tiny movement gives clues about its interior (内部). ________ Park said, “At first, we couldn’t believe the data and checked it many times.” The near side is warmer inside, which may make its rocks soft and allow more bending. The far side is cooler and harder, so it bends less. This difference explains why the two sides look so different. This discovery helps us understand other planets too. Scientists have used this method to study Jupiter and the asteroid (小行星) Vesta. By observing how these bodies respond to gravity, scientists learn about their internal layers (内层) , such as whether they have liquid or solid (液体或固体) parts. Park added, “This method will help explore many planetary bodies in our solar system.” This new knowledge improves our understanding of planet formation (形成) and change. Next time you look at the moon, remember its two faces tell a story about what lies beneath (在……下面). 19. What does the underlined word “Their” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Researcher’s plans. B. Results of the study. C. Craters on the surface. D. The two orbiting machines. 20. Which sentence best fills the blank “________” in Paragraph 4? A. They finally found both sides were too cold to move. B. At first, they noticed the near side was harder than expected. C. Strangely, the moon’s near side showed more bending. D. At last, the moon’s surface became totally flat. 21. What is the best title for this article? A. The History of Ancient Lava Flows on the Moon B. Why the Moon Bends round Earth C. GRAIL’s New Discoveries About the Moon D. Measure the Moon’s Surface C Volunteers are people who help others without asking for money. They come from different kinds of jobs and places, but all want to do the same thing: make the world better. They help in many different ways. Animal Volunteers Many volunteers love animals. They work at animal shelters, taking care of dogs, cats and other pets. They feed the animals, clean their cages and help them find new homes. Some volunteers even help sick or hurt wild animals get better. Environmental Volunteers These volunteers care about nature. They plant trees, clean up parks and teach people how to recycle waste. Some ride bikes instead of driving cars to help keep the air clean. Others build gardens in cities so people can grow their own food. Community Volunteers These helpers work with people in their towns. Some visit old people who live alone and talk with them. Others help at food banks by giving food to poor families. Many students volunteer in the libraries after school. Disaster Volunteers When floods, earthquakes or other disasters happen, these brave volunteers help. They give food and water to people who lost their homes, build temporary (临时的) houses and help people find their family members. Some are doctors or nurses who treat injured people. Doing voluntary work is a great way to help others and learn new things. You don’t need special skills. You just need a kind heart. Why not try volunteering from now on? 22. According to Paragraph 1, what is the main purpose of volunteers? A. To earn money while helping others. B. To make the world a better place. C. To learn new skills for future jobs. D. To work in different working fields. 23. How do environmental volunteers help keep the air clean? A. By building gardens. B. By riding bikes. C. By recycling waste. D. By driving cars. 24. Which one of the following activities isn’t done by community volunteers? A. They visit elderly people. B. They help at food banks. C. They go travelling to the town. D. They do voluntary jobs in libraries. 25. How is the article organized? A. By explaining the history of volunteering. B. By telling a story about one volunteer. C. By introducing volunteers in different countries. D. By listing different volunteer types with examples. 三、阅读还原（10分） 根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you want to be a volunteer? ____26____ You can pick what you really love to do. Help kids learn and grow. Be a big brother or a big sister at an after-school care center.____27____. Give back during the holidays. Serve dinner to the homeless, volunteer at your local welfare house (福利院), or give away toys to kids. Your community may also need your help. ____28____ Most shelters (收容所) need volunteers to keep the cats and dogs happy and well exercised. When you’re walking dogs, you get some exercise, too. Protect the environment. We can do something simple to protect the earth. ____29____ You can also plant a tree in the spring, or join a group to work together to protect your local river. Help sick people. Lots of us are close to people who have a medical problem. It can make you feel good to donate (捐赠) your time or money to help the sick people who may feel down sometimes.____30____. If you have more than one thing you love, find a way to do them all. With your help, we’ll certainly have a more beautiful world! A. Help at a local animal shelter. B. For example, take part in a local park clean-up day. C. Here are just a few ideas to get you started. D. When you cheer them up, you also feel happy. E. Helping others will benefit yourself as well. F. You can help little kids to learn or play with them. G. Care for endangered animals. 四、语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Have you ever read a book that completely changed your perspective? ____31____ good read has the power to transport you to different worlds and teach you valuable lessons. For example, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a ____32____ (history) novel that describes the battles and strategies of ancient China. It’s based ____33____ real events, but the characters and stories are fictional. Lately, I read a mystery novel where a ____34____ (value) artifact had been stolen from a museum. The detective had to ____35____ (lock) the clues to solve the case. ____36____, the story kept me on the edge of my seat! Another classic, The Secret Garden, follows a young girl who discovers a ____37____ (hide) garden. Through her adventures, she learns to care for others and gets to ____38____ (she) feet after a difficult past. The book shows how nature can heal both the body and the soul. So, pick up a book today! Whether it’s a thrilling mystery ____39____ a heartwarming story, reading can expand your mind and bring joy. What have you read _____40_____ (recent)? 五、书面表达（15分） 41. “Helping others brings light to our own lives.”我校正在招募学生志愿者，为有需要的人提供支持。假如你是八年级1班的李华，请写一封申请信，说明你希望参与的志愿者工作类型，选择该工作的原因，并阐述你希望通过这份工作为他人带来的积极影响，词数100左右。 Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to apply for a volunteer position at your program. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $