内容正文:
Unit 3 Make it happen! — 暑假预习讲义
01 课前导学
关键词
内容
学习目标
1. 能够正确使用动词不定式(to do)作宾语,表达目的、计划与意愿。
2. 能够正确使用动名词(doing)作宾语,表达习惯、爱好与持续性动作。
3. 能够理解发明创造的背后故事,分析发明家的优秀品质。
4. 能够读懂并讨论关于发明创造的叙事文本与议论文。
学习重点
1. 动词不定式作宾语的常见动词:decide, want, hope, try, learn, plan等。
2. 动名词作宾语的常见动词:enjoy, finish, keep, practice, mind, suggest等。
3. 核心短语:lend a hand, blow sb. away, keep working on, hit on success。
学习难点
1. 区分动词不定式与动名词作宾语的不同含义(如remember/forget/try)。
2. 掌握既能接to do又能接doing但意义不同的动词。
3. 在实际语境中准确运用动词不定式和动名词表达意图与习惯。
02 核心词汇预览
发明与创造类
单词
音标
词性
中文
invent
/ɪnˈvent/
v.
发明
invention
/ɪnˈvenʃn/
n.
发明
inventor
/ɪnˈventə/
n.
发明家
robotic arm
/rəʊˈbɒtɪk ɑːm/
n.
机械手臂
artificial arm
/ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl ɑːm/
n.
假肢、人造手臂
3-D printer
/θriː diː ˈprɪntə/
n.
3D打印机
lightning rod
/ˈlaɪtnɪŋ rɒd/
n.
避雷针
earthquake detector
/ˈɜːθkweɪk dɪˈtektə/
n.
地震探测器
品质与成长类
单词
音标
词性
中文
talent
/ˈtælənt/
n.
天赋,才能
curiosity
/ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/
n.
好奇心
pioneer
/ˌpaɪəˈnɪə/
n.
先驱,先锋
failure
/ˈfeɪljə/
n.
失败
success
/səkˈses/
n.
成功
quality
/ˈkwɒləti/
n.
品质,素质
risk
/rɪsk/
n.
冒险,风险
influence
/ˈɪnfluəns/
v./n.
影响
动作与行为类
单词
音标
词性
中文
improve
/ɪmˈpruːv/
v.
改进,提高
weigh
/weɪ/
v.
重量为;称重
download
/ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/
v.
下载
test
/test/
v.
测试,检验
fix
/fɪks/
v.
修理;解决
address
/əˈdres/
v.
向……发表演说;处理
explore
/ɪkˈsplɔː/
v.
探索
03 核心短语预览
动词短语
短语
中文
lend a hand to sb
帮助某人
blow sb. away
使某人大为惊讶
work on sth
致力于……
keep working on
持续进行
hit on success
偶然获得成功
fix problems
解决问题
come up with
想出(主意、方案)
post online
发布到网上
shake hands with sb
与某人握手
be curious about
对……感到好奇
be drawn to
被……吸引
lose one’s life
丧生
take risks
冒险
时间与顺序短语
短语
中文
what’s worse
更糟糕的是
one after another
一个接一个
for free
免费
all the time
一直
despite the failure
尽管失败了
in a very angry voice
用非常生气的声音
04 重点句型预览
句型
中文
He always tried to improve his work.
他总是尽力改进他的作品。
He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.
他喜欢一个接一个地解决问题。
He didn’t want to make money from it.
他不想从中赚钱。
He decided to post his design online... for free!
他决定把他的设计发布在网上……免费的!
Easton kept working on it.
伊斯顿继续研究它。
What a helping hand!
多么有帮助的一只手呀!
I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.
我没有什么特殊才能。我只有强烈的好奇心。
Curiosity can bring new discoveries.
好奇心可以带来新的发现。
Despite the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas.
尽管失败了,但他的好奇心为后来的探索者提供了灵感。
Curiosity is the key.
好奇心就是钥匙。
05 语法精讲与考点梳理
考点1:动词不定式(to do)作宾语
【定义】在某些动词后面,用“to + 动词原形”作宾语,表示想做、计划做或决定做的事情。动词不定式(to do)作宾语时,表示将来的、未做的动作。
【适用场景/用法分类】
表示计划与意图:plan to do, decide to do, want to do, hope to do, wish to do
表示尝试与努力:try to do, learn to do, manage to do
表示同意与承诺:agree to do, offer to do, promise to do
表示准备与安排:prepare to do, arrange to do
【结构公式】
主语 + 动词 + to + 动词原形 + 其他.
【要点详解】
动词不定式(to do)作宾语,表示“想要/计划/决定去做某事”,动作尚未发生。
常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:decide, want, hope, wish, plan, learn, try, agree, offer, choose, prepare, expect等。
⚠️ 不定式中的“to”不是介词,而是不定式符号,后接动词原形。
【例句】
✅ He decided to post his design online.
✅ He always tried to improve his work.
✅ He didn’t want to make money from it.
✅ She plans to invent a new machine.
❌ He decided posting his design online.(decide后接to do,不接doing)
【练习1】He decided ______ his design online for free.
A. post B. posting C. to post D. posted
【答案】 C
【详解】 句意:他决定把他的设计免费发布到网上。本空考查动词不定式作宾语。decide to do sth. 表示“决定做某事”,后接动词不定式。故选C。
【练习2】She plans ______ (visit) the science museum next week.
【答案】 to visit
【详解】 句意:她计划下周参观科学博物馆。本空考查动词不定式作宾语。plan to do sth. 表示“计划做某事”。故填 to visit。
考点2:动名词(doing)作宾语
【定义】在某些动词后面,用“动词-ing形式(doing)”作宾语,表示喜欢、习惯或持续进行的动作。动名词(doing)作宾语时,表示习惯性的、已做的动作。
【适用场景/用法分类】
表示爱好与享受:enjoy doing, like doing, love doing
表示练习与完成:practice doing, finish doing
表示持续与反复:keep doing, keep on doing
表示建议与介意:suggest doing, mind doing
表示避免与考虑:avoid doing, consider doing
【结构公式】主语 + 动词 + doing + 其他.
【要点详解】
动名词(doing)作宾语,表示“喜欢/习惯/持续做某事”,含有长期性或反复性的含义。
常见的后面接动名词作宾语的动词有:enjoy, finish, keep, practice, mind, suggest, avoid, consider, imagine等。
⚠️ 动名词具有名词性质,在句中作宾语。
【例句】
✅ He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.
✅ Easton kept working on it.
✅ She practices playing the piano every day.
✅ I suggest trying a new method.
❌ He enjoyed to fix problems.(enjoy后接doing,不接to do)
【练习1】He ______ fixing problems one after another.
A. enjoy B. enjoys C. enjoyed D. enjoying
【答案】 C
【详解】 句意:他喜欢一个接一个地解决问题。本空考查动名词作宾语。enjoy doing sth. 表示“喜欢做某事”,此处描述过去的事实,用一般过去时。故选C。
【练习2】She kept ______ (work) on the project.
【答案】 working
【详解】 句意:她继续从事这个项目。本空考查动名词作宾语。keep doing sth. 表示“持续做某事”。故填 working。
考点3:动词不定式与动名词的对比
【定义】有些动词既可接动词不定式(to do)作宾语,又可接动名词(doing)作宾语,但两者意义不同。
【适用场景/用法分类】
动词
+ to do(未做)
+ doing(已做/习惯)
remember
记得要做某事
记得做过某事
forget
忘记要做某事
忘记做过某事
try
尽力去做某事
试着做某事
stop
停下来去做另一件事
停止正在做的事
【结构公式】
remember / forget / try / stop + to do(未做)
remember / forget / try / stop + doing(已做/习惯)
【要点详解】
这类动词是中考和期末考试的高频考点,需要重点掌握。
remember to do:记得要去做某事(事情还没做)
remember doing:记得做过某事(事情已经做了)
forget to do:忘记要去做某事(事情还没做)
forget doing:忘记做过某事(事情已经做了)
try to do:努力/尽力去做某事
try doing:试着做某事(尝试新方法)
stop to do:停下来去做另一件事
stop doing:停止正在做的事
【例句】
✅ Remember to post the design online.(记得去发布——还没发布)
✅ I remember posting the design online.(我记得发布过——已经发布了)
✅ He tried to improve his work.(他努力改进他的作品)
✅ He tried using a new method.(他试着使用新方法)
✅ Stop talking, please.(请停止说话)
✅ Let’s stop to have a rest.(让我们停下来去休息)
【练习1】Please remember ______ the windows before you leave.
A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed
【答案】 C
【详解】 句意:请在离开前记得关窗户。本空考查remember to do 与 doing 的区别。关窗户的动作还没做,用 remember to do。故选C。
【练习2】I forget ______ (meet) him before. I don’t remember his face.
【答案】 meeting
【详解】 句意:我忘了以前见过他。我不记得他的脸了。本空考查forget doing。表示“忘记做过某事”,动作已经发生过。故填 meeting。
考点4:核心词汇精讲
1. lend a hand to sb. /lend ə hænd tə ˈsʌmbədi/ 帮助某人
【用法】相当于 help sb.。固定短语,也可用 lend sb. a hand。
【例句】
✅ I must lend a hand to people like her.
✅ Could you lend me a hand with this heavy box?
2. blow sb. away /bləʊ ˈsʌmbədi əˈweɪ/ 使某人大为惊讶
【用法】表示“令某人震惊、惊讶”,常用于口语。
【例句】
✅ It blew me away!
✅ The success of his invention blew everyone away.
3. work on /wɜːk ɒn/ 致力于;努力改进
【用法】后接名词或动名词,表示“从事、致力于某事”。
【例句】
✅ Easton kept working on it.
✅ She is working on a new invention.
4. one after another /wʌn ˈɑːftə əˈnʌðə/ 一个接一个地
【用法】表示“接连不断地”。
【例句】
✅ He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.
✅ The students left the classroom one after another.
5. for free /fɔː friː/ 免费
【用法】表示“不收费”。
【例句】
✅ He decided to post his design online for free.
✅ You can download the app for free.
6. be curious about /biː ˈkjʊəriəs əˈbaʊt/ 对……感到好奇
【用法】curious为形容词,其名词形式为curiosity(好奇心)。
【例句】
✅ He was curious about how the machine worked.
✅ Children are naturally curious about everything.
7. despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ 尽管,虽然
【用法】介词,后接名词、代词或动名词,不能接句子。相当于in spite of。
【例句】
✅ Despite the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas.
✅ Despite the rain, we went out for a walk.
8. risk /rɪsk/ 冒险
【用法】既可作名词(take risks),也可作动词(risk doing sth.)。
【例句】
✅ Curiosity is more than just taking risks.
✅ Don’t risk losing your chance.
06 重点归纳
一、动词不定式作宾语的常见动词
类别
动词
计划与决定
decide, plan, choose, prepare
希望与意愿
want, hope, wish, expect
尝试与学习
try, learn, manage
同意与承诺
agree, offer, promise
二、动名词作宾语的常见动词
类别
动词
爱好与享受
enjoy, like, love
练习与完成
practice, finish
持续与反复
keep, keep on
建议与介意
suggest, mind
避免与考虑
avoid, consider
三、特殊动词对比表
动词
to do(未做)
doing(已做/习惯)
remember
记得去做
记得做过
forget
忘记去做
忘记做过
try
尽力去做
试着做
stop
停下来去做
停止做
四、易错点
易错点
正确
错误
decide后接动词形式
He decided to post his design.
He decided posting his design.
enjoy后接动词形式
He enjoyed fixing problems.
He enjoyed to fix problems.
remember区别
Remember to close the window.(未做)
Remember closing the window.(意思不同)
try区别
He tried to improve his work.(努力)
He tried improving his work.(试着)
for free位置
He posted it online for free.
He posted it online for free.(位置正确)
07 过关检测
一、单项选择(共10题)
1. He decided ______ his design online for free.
A. post B. posting C. to post D. posted
2. He enjoyed ______ problems one after another.
A. fix B. fixing C. to fix D. fixed
3. Easton kept ______ on it.
A. work B. working C. to work D. worked
4. Please remember ______ the windows before you leave.
A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed
5. I forget ______ him before. I don’t remember his face.
A. meet B. meeting C. to meet D. met
6. She plans ______ a new invention.
A. create B. creating C. to create D. created
7. He didn’t want ______ money from it.
A. make B. making C. to make D. made
8. She practices ______ the piano every day.
A. play B. playing C. to play D. played
9. ______ the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas.
A. Despite B. Because C. So D. But
10. He was curious ______ how the machine worked.
A. in B. on C. about D. for
二、用所给词的适当形式填空(共8题)
1. He decided ______ (post) his design online for free.
2. He enjoyed ______ (fix) problems one after another.
3. Easton kept ______ (work) on it.
4. Please remember ______ (close) the windows before you leave.
5. I forget ______ (meet) him before.
6. She plans ______ (create) a new invention.
7. He didn’t want ______ (make) money from it.
8. She practices ______ (play) the piano every day.
三、完成句子(共6题)
1. 他决定把他的设计免费发布到网上。
He ______ ______ post his design online for free.
2. 他喜欢一个接一个地解决问题。
He ______ ______ problems one after another.
3. 伊斯顿继续研究它。
Easton ______ ______ on it.
4. 请在离开前记得关窗户。
Please ______ ______ close the windows before you leave.
5. 我忘了以前见过他。
I ______ ______ him before.
6. 尽管失败了,他的好奇心为后来的探索者提供了灵感。
______ the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas.
参考答案
一、单项选择
1. C【详解】decide to do sth. 表示“决定做某事”。故选C。
2. B【详解】enjoy doing sth. 表示“喜欢做某事”。故选B。
3. B【详解】keep doing sth. 表示“持续做某事”。故选B。
4. C【详解】remember to do 表示“记得要做某事”(未做)。故选C。
5. B【详解】forget doing 表示“忘记做过某事”(已做)。故选B。
6. C【详解】plan to do sth. 表示“计划做某事”。故选C。
7. C【详解】want to do sth. 表示“想要做某事”。故选C。
8. B【详解】practice doing sth. 表示“练习做某事”。故选B。
9. A【详解】despite 表示“尽管”,后接名词。故选A。
10. C【详解】be curious about 表示“对……好奇”。故选C。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. to post(decide to do)
2. fixing(enjoy doing)
3. working(keep doing)
4. to close(remember to do,未做)
5. meeting(forget doing,已做)
6. to create(plan to do)
7. to make(want to do)
8. playing(practice doing)
三、完成句子
1. decided to(决定做某事)
2. enjoyed fixing(喜欢做某事)
3. kept working(持续做某事)
4. remember to(记得要做)
5. forgot meeting(忘记做过)
6. Despite(尽管)
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