内容正文:
九年级英语
注意事项:
1.本试卷共四部分,十大题,满分120分,考试时间为120分钟。
2.全卷包括“试题卷”(6页)和“答题卷”(2页)两部分。
3.请务必在“答题卷”上答题,在“试题卷”上答题无效。
4.考试结束后,请将“试题卷”和“答题卷”一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共四大题,满分20分)
Ⅰ.短对话理解(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
你将听到五段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
1. What is Frank’s favorite sport?
A. B. C.
2. Which sign is the man talking about?
A. B. C.
3. Why does Bill refuse to eat out?
A. He isn’t hungry. B. The weather is bad. C. He has no money.
4. How does Helen feel now?
A. Worried. B. Surprised. C. Excited.
5. What does the boy think of The Republic?
A. It’s difficult. B. It’s important. C. It’s simple.
Ⅱ.长对话理解(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
你将听到两段对话,每段对话后有几个小题。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答小题。
6. What is Jane doing?
A. Giving thanks. B. Asking for advice. C. Offering help.
7. Who will Jane practise her speech with?
A. Her father. B. Her classmate. C. Her teacher.
听下面一段对话,回答小题。
8. What kind of festival did Mary go to this summer?
A. A music festival. B. An art festival. C. A film festival.
9. How many hours did Mary work there each day?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
10. How was the weather there at night?
A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Warm.
Ⅲ.短文理解(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
你将听到一篇短文,短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容,在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。
11. Why is Lisa going to Russia?
A. To study. B. To travel. C. To work.
12. How long will Lisa stay in Russia?
A. For five days. B. For six days. C. For seven days.
13. What time will the plane leave the airport in London?
A. At 6:00 am. B. At 6:30 am. C. At 7:00 am.
14. How will Lisa go to the hotel from the airport?
A. By subway. B. By bus. C. By car.
15. What does Lisa think her stay in Russia will be like?
A. Surprising. B. Interesting. C. Boring.
Ⅳ.信息转换(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
你将听到一篇短文。请根据短文内容,写出下面表格中所缺的单词,每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。
What to Do Before an Exam
Sleep well
It will be helpful if you drink ________ before going to bed.
Eat well
It makes you full of ________ the whole morning.
Get to the classroom early
Arrive at the classroom ________ minutes early.
Be ________
Try to ________ yourself that everything will be OK.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共三大题,满分35分)
V.单项填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —How does Lily stand out in the art club?
—Her _______ to create amazing paintings makes her the best.
A. present B. ability C. mistake D. journey
2. —I think _______ must have taken my dictionary by mistake.
—Don’t worry. Let’s ask around.
A. anybody B. nobody C. everybody D. somebody
3. —It’s important to _______ staying up late for your health.
—You’re right. I’ll try to go to bed earlier.
A. avoid B. finish C. begin D. suggest
4. —Did you hear anything strange last night?
—No, the whole neighborhood was _______ as usual.
A. bright B. clean C. silent D. noisy
5. —Why do people like this new App so much?
—Because it can be used _______ in daily life. It helps with shopping, communication and more.
A. exactly B. widely C. slowly D. recently
6. These photos are very beautiful. I wonder where they _______.
A. were taken B. are taking C. have taken D. are taken
7. —Could you tell us _______ we can start a conversation with a foreigner?
—Talking about the weather is a good choice.
A. whether B. why C. when D. how
8. —My sister won the first prize in the English speech contest.
—Really? You should be _______ her.
A. sure about B. strict with C. proud of D. different from
9. —How should we _______ the old books we don’t need?
—We can donate them to the local library.
A. deal with B. look after C. think about D. listen to
10. —Thank you for lending me your umbrella yesterday.
—________.
A. Take it easy B. My pleasure C. Well done D. It’s up to you
Ⅵ.完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
A
阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you want to know how someone is feeling? You can look at his or her face to find it out. But there might be a better ____11____: Close your eyes and just listen.
Michael Kraus is a doctor. He did a(n) ____12____. It shows that people should listen to voices. It is the best way to learn how others ____13____. The research says just listening is better than just watching someone speak. It is also better than watching and listening at the same time!
Dr Kraus says people have many ways to ____14____ how they feel. They can use words. They can make faces. Or they can use body language. It might seem ____15____ to listen to people and watch them at the same time. But this can ____16____ problems. “It might split (分散) your attention,” he says. “Which part should you pay the most ____17____ to? The person’s voice? The face? Or the body?”
Dr Kraus says something else, too. “Sometimes, people’s faces can ____18____ their feelings. They might not want to show they are sad or mad. But it is ____19____ to hide their feelings with their voices. That might be why ____20____ is the best way to know how someone actually feels.”
Do you agree with Dr Kraus?
11. A. reason B. matter C. secret D. choice
12. A. progress B. opinion C. study D. situation
13. A. feel B. touch C. smile D. mind
14. A. warn B. show C. hear D. draw
15. A. simple B. serious C. smart D. sweet
16. A. solve B. leave C. train D. cause
17. A. attention B. pleasure C. interest D. message
18. A. hate B. hide C. hurt D. hang
19. A. easier B. wiser C. quieter D. harder
20. A. guessing B. writing C. listening D. dreaming
B
阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When eating out, people want to have a great experience. This means that they expect not only nice ____21____ but also polite people in the restaurant.
One thing people shouldn’t do at a table is to talk on a mobile phone. It is ____22____ to be impolite to the people around you. Some restaurants have ____23____ against mobile phones. But whether there are rules or not, you should set your phone to the silent or vibrate mode (振动模式). If you get an important phone call and have to talk on it while ____24____, leave the table to answer it. Remember to talk ____25____ even if you’re not at the table.
Table manners are ____26____, too. Keep your elbows off the table when you are eating. Always chew (咀嚼) your food with your ____27____ closed. If you want to say something, finish what’s in your mouth before ____28____.
Kids should not get up and run around the tables in a ____29____. Make sure they don’t make noise or cause trouble for other people.
Being ____30____ in a restaurant helps everyone have a good time. As long as people are polite, everyone will have fun eating.
21. A. music B. weather C. travel D. food
22. A. considered B. questioned C. prepared D. expected
23. A. steps B. notes C. rules D. races
24. A. resting B. eating C. shopping D. walking
25. A. loudly B. suddenly C. nearly D. quietly
26. A. possible B. serious C. important D. difficult
27. A. mouth B. eyes C. ears D. nose
28. A. making up B. speaking up C. waking up D. standing up
29. A. museum B. hospital C. supermarket D. restaurant
30. A. careful B. silly C. polite D. active
Ⅶ.补全对话(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
根据对话内容,从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,其中有两个为多余选项。
A: Hi, Li Lei. You look so worried. ____31____
B: Oh, I’m worried about my English. How can I learn it well?
A: My friend gave me some advice on English learning.
B: Really? ____32____
A: Well, the main point of learning a language is using that language as much as possible.
B: But I don’t know the language well. ____33____
A: You can read English books and watch English programs. After that, try to practise English often.
B: ____34____
A: Don’t be afraid of that. Learning from mistakes can help you become a successful English learner.
B: I never thought about that before. ____35____
A: Ask others for help if you have any questions.
B: Thank you very much. I’ll try my best to follow your advice.
A. What’s that?
B. What’s the matter?
C. Then how can I use it well?
D. What else should I follow?
E. I’m afraid I’ll make mistakes.
F. I have difficulty in learning English.
G. Can you tell me why we need to learn English?
第三部分 阅读(共两节,满分40分)
Ⅷ.阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
第一节 阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Super-strong Paper
If you glue (粘合) weak things together, sometimes you can get a much stronger one. Let’s see if it works when you do it with cardboard (纸板).
You’ll need
·Thin cardboard from food boxes
·Ruler
·Scissors
·Glue
·Large bucket
·Rocks
1. Cut out 10 pieces of cardboard that are 5 cm wide and 10 cm long.
2. Fold (折叠) one piece in half and make a square corner like this.
3. Fold two pieces in half and glue them together to make a corner. Do the same thing with three and four pieces of cardboard.
Let the glue harden (变硬) for at least 4 hours.
4. Set the center of the bucket on the single piece of cardboard and start adding rocks to the bucket until the paper collapses (坍塌).
5. Set the bucket on the corner made from two pieces of cardboard and see how much weight it can hold.
What happened?
What happened?
·The corners made of several pieces of paper are much stronger than a single piece.
·The paper gets stronger as you glue together more and more pieces.
·Sticking together lots of thin pieces is called “laminating (将薄片层压粘合在一起)” them.
36. When we do the super-strong paper test, we do NOT need ________.
A. glue B. water C. rocks D. a large bucket
37. To set the bucket on the cardboard, we need to ________.
A. cut each piece of cardboard in half B. fold the paper into the shape of a bucket
C. glue every piece of cardboard together D. fold the cardboard in half and make a square corner
38. What lesson does the test teach?
A. Nothing is ever wasted. B. Great minds think alike.
C. There is strength in numbers. D. A chain is no stronger than its weakest link.
B
At the age of 16, Einstein always played with a group of mischievous (顽皮捣蛋的) kids. Because he was so busy playing, he didn’t study enough and failed his final exam.
One morning, when Einstein was holding a fishing rod (钓鱼竿) and was about to go fishing with his friends, his father stopped him and said calmly, “Einstein, you spent so much time playing that you failed your exam. I’m worried about your future.”
“What are you worried about? Jack and Robert also failed, but don’t they still get to go fishing?”
“My boy, you can’t think like that,” his dad said.
“There is a story that people tell in our hometown. I will tell it to you now.”
“There were two cats playing on a roof. One cat got caught off guard and fell down the chimney (烟囱) while holding the other cat. When the two cats climbed out of the chimney, one of the cats had soot (烟灰) on his face, while the other cat’s face was clean. Seeing the dirty cat, the clean cat thought its face must be dirty, so it quickly ran to the river and washed its face. The dirty cat saw the clean cat and thought its face was also clean, so it just swaggered down the street.”
“Einstein, no one can be your ‘mirror’. You have to think for yourself. If you just do what everyone else does, you will never learn.”
Hearing this, Einstein put down his fishing rod and returned to his room. He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing. This allowed him to be successful.
39. What was Einstein’s main problem according to his father?
A. He was not good at math. B. He didn’t play often enough.
C. He always played with mischievous kids. D. He didn’t take his final exam.
40. What does the underlined word “swaggered” in the text show?
A. The cat felt very confident. B. The cat felt foolish.
C. The cat ran very quickly. D. The cat was too fat to walk.
41. What lesson did Einstein learn from his father?
A. There are no shortcuts to success. B. Friends are like a mirror of ourselves.
C. Geniuses are one step away from being fools. D. Don’t look to others when deciding how to behave.
42. How did Einstein feel at the end of the story?
A. Disappointed by the fable. B. Ashamed about what he did.
C. Excited about fishing again. D. Angry about what his father said.
C
Jason Chin’s new book, The Universe in You, is popular with children. Here is a conversation with Chin.
Why did you start writing the book?
It started as a question: “How small is the smallest thing we know of?” That was followed by more questions about small things, so I started doing research. Out of that research came this book.
________
The first thing I did was find out what I’d put in the book, because there are lots of small things out there. Then I studied each of them. Talking to scientists about them was also necessary.
What is your favorite part of the research?
One of the scientists I talked to is from the University of Vermont. She took me on a tour of her lab, and I got to see the microscopes (显微镜) and learn how they work. It was fantastic.
Can you tell me what the title of the book means?
The closer you look at the universe, the more things look the same. People are made of cells (细胞), just like every other living thing. There are different kinds of things that make up the universe, which means we all have connection with the universe. I find that really interesting. I do hope readers will understand it. Also, they should understand how unique (独一无二的) they are.
43. Chin’s ________ gave him the idea of writing the book.
A. love for writing stories B. interest in small things
C. hope to help more children D. task of finishing his research
44. Which of the following can be put in the ________?
A. How did you do that research? B. Was it difficult to finish the research?
C. What have you learned along the way? D. Who gave you a hand with the research?
45. Which part of the research does Chin like best?
A. Talking to scientists. B. Doing research in the lab.
C. Visiting a scientist’s lab. D. Learning how to use microscopes.
D
The Grand Canal is another wonder made by ancient Chinese people besides the Great Wall. It is a man-made waterway that connects several Chinese cities. In fact, the Grand Canal is the longest man-made waterway in the world.
It started to be built in 486 BC. In the early 7th century, Emperor Yang in the Sui Dynasty chose the city Luoyang as the capital city. To make the transportation easier and faster, he asked people to expand the canal. Then, in order to connect the north and the south in the Yuan Dynasty, the canal was built and expanded again. After several years, the canal was finished. And it is still in use at present.
The Grand Canal experienced something terrible in modern history in China because of the wars. Luckily, with the help of the Chinese government, the conditions of the canal have improved a lot. Some parts of the canal have become wider and deeper. Shipping conditions have improved, too. Most importantly, in 2002, the Beijing—Hangzhou Grand Canal was included in one of the “South-to-North Water Transfer” three-line projects and became an important waterway.
Thanks to the Grand Canal, the cities along the canal have developed greatly in the history of the Chinese nation.
46. What is mentioned about the Grand Canal in Paragraph 2?
A. Its symbol. B. Its value. C. Its future. D. Its history.
47. What does the underlined word “it” in the text refer to?
A. The Grand Canal. B. The Great Wall.
C. A man-made waterway. D. The city Luoyang.
48. How does the writer show that “the conditions of the canal have improved a lot”?
A. By listing numbers. B. By giving examples.
C. By comparing facts. D. By answering questions.
49. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Wonders of Human History B. Cities along the Grand Canal
C. A Man-made Wonder in China D. Conditions of Canals in China
E
Travelling is something that many people love to do. It’s a fun way to meet new people and see different ways of living. When you travel, you get to try new foods, listen to all kinds of music, and visit beautiful places. You can even walk around the streets of a new town and feel its special spirit. Each experience adds color to your life, like painting a picture with many bright colors.
One big reason to travel is to meet people who don’t think like you. Each person has their own story, and when you share yours, something really cool can happen.
Travelling can also inspire you to change your life. Before I moved to Sicily, I travelled all over Italy. I fell in love with its culture and language. It made me want to learn Italian and make Sicily my home, and here I am now, living in Sicily.
Another wonderful thing about travelling is that it makes you a great storyteller. When you return home, you’ll have many fun stories to share with your friends and family.
Lastly, travelling helps you realize how much you love your family and friends. Sometimes, it takes a little distance to see how much you love your home town. So, get your bags ready and hit the road; there’s a whole world out there waiting for you!
50. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. Travelling is the best way to meet new people.
B. Travelling can help people forget their problems.
C. Travelling can make people’s lives colorful.
D. Travelling allows people to improve their painting skills.
51. What does the underlined part “hit the road” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Start travelling. B. Stay in a safe place.
C. Be careful about the traffic. D. Walk on the road carefully.
52. Why did the writer write the text?
A. To share his travel experiences. B. To encourage readers to travel.
C. To give advice on travelling around the world. D. To compare the good and bad sides of travelling.
第二节
F
阅读下面短文,并用英语回答问题(请注意每小题的词数要求)。
Dear Belinda,
I get what you mean. You received a watch for your birthday and took it to school. The next day, a classmate bought the same watch as yours. Getting a watch for your birthday and then seeing a classmate with the exact same one the next day made you feel like that she was copying you. Now you are kind of embarrassed (尴尬的) and angry.
But let me share a story with you first. In my office, there is a workmate who loves hats just as much as I do. Sometimes, we arrive wearing similar (相似的) things, and at first, I had that thought too, “Am I copying him?” However, we soon realised that our shared interest was something to celebrate. We started pointing at each other’s hats and said, “Hey I like your hat!” This shared interest brought us closer, and now we often share other interests like English tea.
Your situation might be similar. Maybe your classmate truly likes the watch you have and has chosen to get one for herself. Or perhaps she simply has a similar taste. Either way, there’s no harm in getting close to her with an open mind. You can start by complimenting (称赞) her watch and asking if she likes it. This can be a good starting point for a conversation. And you might even end up becoming friends.
Best wishes,
David
53. How did Belinda feel after finding her classmate had the same watch as hers?(不超过10个词)
_____________________________________________________________________________
54. What happened to David and his workmate in the end?(不超过15个词)
_____________________________________________________________________________
55. What does David advise Belinda to do?(不超过10个词)
_____________________________________________________________________________
第四部分 写(共两大题,满分25分)
IX.单词拼写(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
根据首字母及汉语提示,完成下列单词的拼写,使句意明确,语言通顺。
56. These green apples taste s________ (酸的) and make my teeth feel funny.
57. You should h________ (加热) the oven to 200℃ before baking the cookies.
58. During the Spring Festival, my r________ (亲戚) come to our house for a big dinner.
59. The science club plans to c________ (创造) a model of the solar system with recycled materials.
60. These g________ (葡萄) are sweet, perfect for making delicious jam.
X.书面表达(共1小题;满分20分)
61. 端午节是中国四大传统节日之一。为加深中华文化理解,激发爱国主义情怀,某英语报“Culture”专栏正面向中学生举行以“Duanwu Festival—A Celebration of Patriotism”为题的征文比赛。请根据以下问题提示,写一篇英语短文投稿。词数80~100,开头已给出,不计入总词数。
提示:1. What is Duanwu Festival? 2. Why is Duanwu Festival also widely accepted as a celebration of patriotism? 3. As a teenager, how can we practise the spirit of patriotism?
参考词汇:patriotism爱国主义;patriotic爱国的;poet诗人;all ethnic groups全民族;the lunar May fifth农历五月初五
Duanwu Festival—A Celebration of Patriotism
Duanwu Festival is also called the Dragon Boat Festival.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
九年级英语
注意事项:
1.本试卷共四部分,十大题,满分120分,考试时间为120分钟。
2.全卷包括“试题卷”(6页)和“答题卷”(2页)两部分。
3.请务必在“答题卷”上答题,在“试题卷”上答题无效。
4.考试结束后,请将“试题卷”和“答题卷”一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共四大题,满分20分)
Ⅰ.短对话理解(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
你将听到五段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
1. What is Frank’s favorite sport?
A. B. C.
2. Which sign is the man talking about?
A. B. C.
3. Why does Bill refuse to eat out?
A. He isn’t hungry. B. The weather is bad. C. He has no money.
4. How does Helen feel now?
A. Worried. B. Surprised. C. Excited.
5. What does the boy think of The Republic?
A. It’s difficult. B. It’s important. C. It’s simple.
Ⅱ.长对话理解(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
你将听到两段对话,每段对话后有几个小题。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答小题。
6. What is Jane doing?
A. Giving thanks. B. Asking for advice. C. Offering help.
7. Who will Jane practise her speech with?
A. Her father. B. Her classmate. C. Her teacher.
听下面一段对话,回答小题。
8. What kind of festival did Mary go to this summer?
A. A music festival. B. An art festival. C. A film festival.
9. How many hours did Mary work there each day?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
10. How was the weather there at night?
A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Warm.
Ⅲ.短文理解(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
你将听到一篇短文,短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容,在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。
11. Why is Lisa going to Russia?
A. To study. B. To travel. C. To work.
12. How long will Lisa stay in Russia?
A. For five days. B. For six days. C. For seven days.
13. What time will the plane leave the airport in London?
A. At 6:00 am. B. At 6:30 am. C. At 7:00 am.
14. How will Lisa go to the hotel from the airport?
A. By subway. B. By bus. C. By car.
15. What does Lisa think her stay in Russia will be like?
A. Surprising. B. Interesting. C. Boring.
Ⅳ.信息转换(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
你将听到一篇短文。请根据短文内容,写出下面表格中所缺的单词,每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。
What to Do Before an Exam
Sleep well
It will be helpful if you drink ________ before going to bed.
Eat well
It makes you full of ________ the whole morning.
Get to the classroom early
Arrive at the classroom ________ minutes early.
Be ________
Try to ________ yourself that everything will be OK.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共三大题,满分35分)
V.单项填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【1题答案】
【答案】B
【2题答案】
【答案】D
【3题答案】
【答案】A
【4题答案】
【答案】C
【5题答案】
【答案】B
【6题答案】
【答案】A
【7题答案】
【答案】D
【8题答案】
【答案】C
【9题答案】
【答案】A
【10题答案】
【答案】B
Ⅵ.完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
A
【11~20题答案】
【答案】11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C
B
【21~30题答案】
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C
Ⅶ.补全对话(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
【31~35题答案】
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 34. E 35. D
第三部分 阅读(共两节,满分40分)
Ⅷ.阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
第一节 阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
【36~38题答案】
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C
B
【39~42题答案】
【答案】39. C 40. A 41. D 42. B
C
【43~45题答案】
【答案】43. B 44. A 45. C
D
【46~49题答案】
【答案】46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C
E
【50~52题答案】
【答案】50. C 51. A 52. B
第二节
F
【53~55题答案】
【答案】53. She felt kind of embarrassed and angry.
54. They got closer, and started to share other interests with each other.
55. Compliment her classmate’s watch, and then start a conversation.
第四部分 写(共两大题,满分25分)
IX.单词拼写(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
根据首字母及汉语提示,完成下列单词的拼写,使句意明确,语言通顺。
【56题答案】
【答案】sour##our
【57题答案】
【答案】heat##eat
【58题答案】
【答案】relatives##elatives
【59题答案】
【答案】create##reate
【60题答案】
【答案】grapes##rapes
X.书面表达(共1小题;满分20分)
【61题答案】
【答案】One Possible version:
Duanwu Festival—A Celebration of Patriotism
Duanwu Festival is also called the Dragon Boat Festival. It is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. People across China eat rice dumplings and hold dragon boat races.
It is said that the Dragon Boat Festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, who is a patriotic poet. Therefore, this festival is also widely accepted as a celebration of patriotism. What’s more, the dragon boat race not only is a kind of sports and entertainment activity, but also reflects the patriotism and teamwork spirit in people’s hearts.
As teenagers, we should study hard and improve ourselves to serve the motherland.
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