专题十五 补全短文-【备战高考】备战2027高考英语母题题源同步练

专题十五补全短文 考纲·题型解读 补全短文（段落）这个新题型与补全对话题型相似，主要是考查阅读理解的归纳、推理及运用知识解决问题的能力。其实是 阅读理解的新题型，是对考生阅读理解能力的拓展，侧重于考查学生的逻辑思维能力和对具体语境的把握能力，尤其是对整体 语意的理解能力。同时这一新题型又注重信息的收集整理，是语言运用层面的考查。新题型不仅考查对直接信息的理解与获 得，还考查对间接信息的获取：不仅要准确地获取信息，还要排除多余干扰信息。 十年高考母题题源揭秘 题源补全短文的文体 told that you aren't doing well.2,so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you 文章体裁属于文体性较强的说明文或议论文，与阅读理解 shouldn't do. 中此类文章有一定的联系，但补全段落更侧重于应用。它将具 ·3 体的标题、段落或某一关键信息，用于段落之中，能更好地考查 If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's 考生语言实际应用能力，将“读”“写”“用”结合在一起。 going to give you lots of dos and don'ts,walk away!Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.4.As far 解题模型1.1 as we're concerned,there are basically no hard and fast rules a- 1,要立足于具体的文章体裁，寻找相关信息句，如讨 bout public speaking.Your audience can be your friends. 论式的文章，先分清正反双方观点，再寻找与之相符的信 You are a special person not a clone 息选项。考生应具备说明文、议论文等写作知识和能力， Most importantly,good public speaking training should treat 排除不相干信息，匹配对应的内容。 you as a special one,with your own personal habits.5.Your 2.要用笔画出关键点，以便引起注意，有助于记忆，理 training course should help you bring out your personality,not 顺思路。同时，对已选的匹配项，可用笔标明，以减少混 try to turn you into someone you're not. 乱，减少错误，从而减轻大脑负担，提高解题效率。 A.You aren't like anybody else 3.了解短文大意，明确题目要求。就是通过快速浏览 B.You already do lots of things well 文章首句、尾句和关键词语，了解文章大意并明确试题具 C.Turn your back on too many rules 体要求。 D.Check the rules about dos and don'ts 4.寻读(scanning).:依照题项信息，寻找匹配信息。先 E.Whatever the presentation,public speaking is tough 读懂题项，抓住关键信息，然后再带着所获的关键信息，有 F.The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep 针对性地寻找所需要的相关的匹配信息。注意：每确定一 G.So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just 题答案后，将该选项从列表中划去，以免在之后的选择中 make things worse 干扰视线」 [解析]l.E根据下一句ready to offer you public speaking training and courses可知，开头说的是与public [真题](2023·新课标Ⅱ) speaking有关的问题，故选E。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最 2.B根据第一句可知，演讲要集中在自己做过的成功的 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 事情上，故选B。 Public Speaking Training 3.C本段第一句中提到lots of dos and don'ts,walk ·Get a coach away！可知，如果有的培训讲太多的条条框框的话，最好不要理 1,so get help.Since there are about a billion companies 会这样的培训，故选C。 out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and cour- 4.G根据上一句Your brain is so full of what you're ses,here are some things to look for when deciding the training going to be talking about可知，给大脑灌输一套规则会使事情变 that's right for you. 得更糟糕。故选G。 ·Focus on positives 5.A根据上句中treat you as a special one,with your Any training you do to become more effective at public own personal habits可知，该句讲的是“与众不同”，故选A。 speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well.Nothing can hurt confidence more than being ·280· 十年高考母题原型训练 (★代表高考出现的频次) How to Make Friends A组 Friendship is a very important human relationship and eve- ryone needs good friends.Good friendship has many benefits.It 题源补全短文的文体（★★★） offers companionship,improves self-worth and promotes good Passage1(2023·辽宁) health.There are times in our lives such as when we have 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最 recently moved into a new town,or changed our jobs or schools. 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Such changes often leave us without a friend.I But for many Forgiveness of us the process is difficult and requires courage.Below are To forgive is a virtue,but no one has ever said it is easy. some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends. When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely difficult Associate with others. to let go of your hate.However,forgiveness is possible,and it The first step to making friends is associating with other can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. people.You can go to public places to meet new people.Besides, People who forgive show less sadness,anger and stress and more you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active hopefulness,according to a recent research. member of such places 1 Try the following steps: Start a conversation. Calm yourself.2 You can take a couple of breaths and Starting a conversation is the second most important step in think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in making new friends.2 You can always start the nature,or someone you love. conversation.Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill Don't wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurt in relating with other people. you does not intend to apologize.They may have wanted to hurt ●3 you or they just don't see things the same way.3 Keep in Choosing friends with common interests is important in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming building friendship as these interests would always bring you and friends again with the person who upset you. your friend together.Hanging out will always be a pleasant expe- Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者).Rethin- rience. king about you hurt gives power to the person who causes you ●Let it grow. pain.Instead of focusing on your mounded feelings,learn to look It is a good thing to stay in touch.However,try not to for the love,beauty and kindness around you. press your new friend with calls,messages or visits as this 4 If you understand your offender,you may realize that would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your he or she was acting out of unawareness,fear,and even love. friend.4 The best friendships are the ones that grow natu- You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's rally. point of view. .Enjoy your friendship. Don't forget to forgive yourself.5 But it can rob you of The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your your self-confidence if you don't do it. friends to be themselves.5 Try not to change them from A.Why should you forgive? who they are to what you want them to be.Become the kind of B.How should you start to forgive? friend you will want your friend to be to you. C.Recognize the benefits of forgiveness. A.Be cheerful. D.Try to see things from you offender's angle. B.Do things together. E.For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest C.Do not wait to be spoken to. challenge. D.Try not to find fault with your friends. F.To make your anger die away,try a simple stress-man- E.Making new friends comes easy for some people. agement technique. F.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. G.If you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting G.So you will need to give your friend time to react to you an awfully long time. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 4. 5. Passage3(2023·课标) Passage2(2023·辽宁) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Kids'health:Four steps for fighting stress ·281· Everybody gets stressed from time to time.1 Some help get blood glucose down to normal levels.In fact,exercise ways of dealing with stress-like screaming or hitting someone- produces chemicals that are good for your brain.4 don't solve (much.But other ways,like talking to ●Learn something new. someone you trust,can lead you to solving your problem or at Take a Spanish class online,join a drawing club,or learn to least feeling better. play cards.A study found that mental stimulation()limits Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind.But the (1)Get support.When you need help,reach out to the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult,such as a are physically active at the same time.5 Or go dancing with parent or other relatives.2 They might have had similar your friends. problems,such as dealing with a test,or the death of a A.Focus on the future. beloved pet. B.This can be especially harmful to the aged. (2)Don't take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are C.It should be something like learning gardening. stressed and upset they take it out on themselves.Oh,dear, D.So take a few minutes each day to do some reading. that's not a good idea.Remember that there are always people to E.But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with life- help you.Don't take it out on yourself.3 changing events. (3)Try to solve the problem.After you're calm and you have F.Luckily,research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid support from adults and friends,it's time to get down to busi- those moments. ness.4 Even if you can't solve it all,you can solve a piece of it. G.In other words,when you take care of your body,you (4)Be positive,Most stress is temporary(暂时的)， take care of your brain. Remember stress does go away,especially when you figure out 2. the problem and start working on solving it. 4. 5. These steps aren't magic,but they do work.And if you can Passage5(2023·课标) stay positive as you make your way through a tough time,you'll help 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最 yourself feel better even faster.5 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough sit- Money Matters uation. Parents should help their children understand money.1 B.Notice your friends'feelings and find a way to help them. So you may start talking about money when your child shows an C.Different people feel stress in different ways. interest in buying things,candy or toys,for example. D.Ah,it feels so good when the stress is gone. The basic function of money E.You need to figure out what the problem is. Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing F.And don't forget about your friends. how people trade money for goods or services.It is important to G.Then,find a way to calm down. show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to 1. 2. 3. have.If he wants to have a toy,give him the money and let him 4. 5. hand the money to the cashier(收银员).2_When your child Passage4(2023·辽宁) grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最 you can start explaining more complex ways of using money. 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ●Money lessons Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp Approach money lessons with openness and honesty.3 Everyone is forgetful,but as we age,we start to feel like If you must say no to a child's request to spend money,explain, our brains are slowing down a bit-and that can be a very annoy- "You have enough toy trucks for now."Or,if the request is for ing thing.1 Read on for some techniques worth trying. many different things,say,You have to make a choice ●2 between this toy and that toy." People who regularly made plans and looked forward to up- ●4 coming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer's Begin at the grocery store.Pick out two similar brands of a disease(早老性痴呆症)，according to a recent study,.3 product-一a name-brand butter and a generic(无商标产品)，for Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly example.You can show your child how to make choices between coffee date with a friend will do.There's evidence that people different brands of a product so that you can save money.5 who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short- If he chooses the cheaper brand,allow him to make another pur- term goals appear to do better.In other words,keep your brain chase with the money saved.Later,you may explain how the looking for ward. more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases. ●Go for a walk. A.Wise decisions. Mildly raised glucose(葡萄搪)levels can harm the area of B.The value of money. the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can C.Permit the child to choose between them. ·282 D.Tell your child why he can or cannot-have certain things. Quiet background music used to be called“elevator(电悌) E.Ask yourself what things that cost money are most im music"because we often heard it in elevators.But lately we hear portant to you. it in more and more places,and it has a new name "Muzak". F.Talk about how the money bought the thing after you About one-third of the people in America listen to"Muzak"eve- leave the toy store. ryday.The music plays for 15 minutes at a time,with short pau- G.The best time to teach a child anything about money is ses in between.It is always more lively between ten and eleven in when he shows an interest. the morning,and between three and four in the afternoon,when 2. 3. people are more tired.2 5. If you listen to Muzak carefully,you will probably recognize Passage6(2022·辽宁) the names of many of the songs.Some musicians or songwriters 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最 don't want their songs to be used as Muzak,but others are 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 happy when their songs are chosen.Why?3 I was ten when I first sat with my grandmother behind the Music is often played in public places because it is designed cashier(收银台)in her general store,._1 I quickly learned the im to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a portance of treating customers politely and saying"thank you". hotel.It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to At first I was paid in candy.2 I worked every day after do.Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they school,and during the summer and no weekends and holidays hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background.4 Su- from 8 a.m.to 7 p.m.My father helped me set up a bank permarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. account.3 5 They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the By the time I was 12,my grandmother thought I had done time.But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. such a good job that she promoted me to selling cosmetics( They say it helps them relax and feel calm.One way or another, )I developed the ability to look customers directly in the eye. Muzak affects everyone.Some farmers even say their cows give Even though I was just a kid,women would ask me such things more milk when they hear Muzak as "What color do you think I should wear?"I took a real A.Some people don't like Muzak. interest in their questions and was able to translate what they B.The music gives them extra energy. wanted into makeup(化妆)ideas._4 C.Music is playing in the background. The job taught me a valuable lesson:to be a successful D.Factory workers produce 13 percent more. salesperson,you didn't need to be a rocket scientist-you needed E.Muzak tends to help people understand music better. to be a great listener.5 Except they are no longer women F.They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are purchasing cosmetics from me;instead,they are kids who tell used. me which toys they would like to see designed and developed. G.Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the A.Later I received 50 cents an hour. world. B.Before long,she let me sit there by myself. 1. 2. 3. C.I ended up selling a record amount of cosmetics. 4. 5. D.Today I still carry that lesson with me:I listen to cus- Passage8(2022·课标) tomers. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最 E.My grandma's trust taught me how to handle responsibil- 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ity. Q&A F.Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before. Question:I have recently got a serious position within my G.Watching my money grow was more rewarding than any- company.One of my new tasks is to make monthly progress re- thing I could have bought. ports on my department in front of other senior officials.During 1. 2. 3. my first meeting,I presented and then opened the floor to ques- 4. 5. tions.1 My first reaction was to answer defensively.Later, Passage7(2022·北京) I realized that I shouldn't have felt that way.But how can I keep 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处 cool and effectively answer questions in this type of settings? 的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Answer:Congratulations on your new position!Presenting Muzak in front of your peers(is a hard task in itself,and it be- The next time you go into a bank,a store,or a supermar- comes much more difficult when a question-and-answer period is ket,stop and listen.What do you hear?1 It's similar to the required.Question-and-answer periods are a great way to clarify music you listen to,but it's not exactly the same.That's because the message and strengthen key points.2 this music was especially designed to relax you,or to give you ●3 extra energy.Sometimes you don't even realize the music is pla- When a person is asking a question,show interest and a de- ying,but you react to the music anyway. sire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarifi- ·283· cation. A.That kept cities very small. ●Buy time. B.The rest live in small towns When facing a hard question,most people can't give an an- C.The effects of urban living on people should be consid- swer immediately.Buy time by repeating the question in your ered. own words.4.These techniques allow you to quickly D.Soon many other industrial nations become urban socie- organize your thoughts as well as to make sure you will be cor- ties. rectly answering the question. E.But even 200 years ago,only a few people could live in Suggest a private meeting. cities. A one-on-one meeting is a calmer setting than speaking in front of F.Modernization drew people to the cities and made your peers.5 farmers more productive. A.Show your true interest. G.Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the B.Restate the question with respect. health of human beings. C.Some ideas can be quite concrete. 1. 2. 3. D.There were many difficult questions. 4. 5. E.It can also be more effective in exchanging ideas. Passage2(2023·新课标I) F.You may also ask for clarification on the question. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最 G.Here are some ideas that can help you prepare for your 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 next meeting. Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. B组 Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)一that is,they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the 题源补全短文的文体（★★★） business.I Commonly called nonprofits,these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.2 Passage1(2023·北京) Business management is a term used to describe the tech- 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最 niques of planning,direction,and control of the operations of a 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 business.3 One is the establishment of broad basic Urbanization policies with respect to production;sales;the purchase of equip- Until relatively recently,the vast majority of human beings ment,materials and supplies;and accounting.4 The third lived and died without ever seeing a city.The first city was prob- relates to the establishment of standards of work in all depart- ably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.1 In fact, ments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision() nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages.. and guidance by the management in authority.5 It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the A.Control includes the use of records and reports to com- first urban society in history-a society in which the majority of pare actual work with the set standards for work. people live in cities and do not farm for a living. B.In this connection there is the difference between top Britain was only the beginning.2 The process of urban- management and operative management. ization一the migration(迂移)of people from the countryside to C.Examples of nonprofit business include such the city-was the result of modernization,which has rapidly organizations as social service agencies and many hos- transformed how people live and where they live.In 1990,fewer pitals. than 40%of Americans lived in urban areas.Today,over 82% D.However,some businesses only seek to earn enough to of Americans live in cities.Only about 2%live on farms.3 cover their operating costs. Large cities were impossible until agriculture became indus- E.The second aspect relates to the application of these poli- trialized.Even in advanced agricultural societies.It took about cies by departments. ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.4 F.In the theory of business management,organization has Until modern times,those living in cities were mainly the ruling two main aspects. elite()and the servants,laborers and professionals who G.Planning in business management has three main as- served them.Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in pects. size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced 1. 2. 3. and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city. 4. 5. Over the past two centuries,the Industrial Revolution has Passage3(2023·北京) broken this balance between the city and the country.5 Today, 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处 instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people,one A- 的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 merican farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers. Empathy ·284· Last year,researchers from the University of Michigan re- of logic(逻辑)一of being able to spot weaknesses in other ported that empathy,the ability to understand other people, people's arguments and to avoid them in your own.It also in- among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 cludes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and years.1 Today,people spend more time alone and are less assessing the soundness of evidence. likely to join groups and clubs. In the broad sense,critical thinking is focused,organized Jennifer Freed,a co-director of a teen program,has another thinking-the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. explanation.Turn on the TV,and you're showered with news 1 The greatest thinkers,scientists,and inventors have often and reality shows full of people fighting,competing,and gener- taken information that was readily available and put it together ally treating one another with no respect.2 differently to produce new ideas.That,too,is critical thinking. There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. 2 As the class goes on,for example,you will probably Humans are socially related by nature.3 Researchers have spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches.While this also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high may seem like a purely mechanical(机械的)exercise,itis self-respect.Besides,empathy can be a cure for loneliness,sad- closely connected with critical thinking.If the structure of your ness,anxiety,and fear. speech is loose and confused,chances are that your thinking is Empathy is also an indication of a good leader.In fact, also disordered and confused.If,on the other hand,the Freed says,many top companies report that empathy is one of structure is clear,there is a good chance your thinking is too. the most important things they look for in new managers.4 Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas “Academics are important.But if you don't have emotional(情感 you already have.3 intelligence,you won't be as successful in work or in your What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public love life,”she says.. speaking.4 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear,ac- What's the best way to up your EQ(情商)？For starters,let curate language,you will improve your ability to think clearly and down your guard and really listen to others.5 accurately.5 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in To really develop empathy,you'd better volunteer at a nurs- class,you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a vari- ing home or a hospital,join a club or a team that has a diverse ety of situations. membership,have a "sharing circle"with your family,or spend If you take full advantage of your speech class,you will be time caring for pets at an animal shelter. able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circum- A.Everyone is different,and levels of empathy differ from stances.This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as person to person. a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece. B.That could be because so many people have replaced face A.Rather,it is an important part of shaping the ideas time with screen time,the researchers said. themselves. C."One doesn't develop empathy by having a lot of opinions B.This may seem like a lot of time,but the rewards are and doing a lot of talking."Freed says. well worth it. D.Humans learn by example-and most of the examples on C.It may also help you to know that there is no such thing it are anything but empathetic. as a perfect speech. E.Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand some- D.It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the one else-both what they think and how they feel. world,only reorganized ideas. F.Good social skills-including empathy-are a kind of E.If you are wondering what this has to do with your public "emotional intelligence"that will help you succeed in speaking class,the answer is quite a lot. many areas of life. F.The skills you learn in your speech class can help you be- G.Having relationships with other people is an important come a more effective thinker in a number of ways. part of being human-and having empathy is decisive to G.As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in those relationships. speechmaking,you will see how they can be used in 2. 3. other forms of communication as well. 4. 5. 2. 3. Passage4(2023·北京) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处 的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项」 Public Speaking and Critical Thinking What is critical thinking?To a certain degree,it's a matter ·285·3.He loves his co-workers and all the customers know who he is. 4.He learned teamwork,devotion and staying positive in rough situations. Passage 32 1.C2.E3.D4.F5.B Passage 33 1.manners 2.Greeting 3.Bowing 4.Muslim 5.door 6.lunch 7.UK 8.introducing 9.with 10.around Passage 34 1.Advantages and disadvantages of televised sport. 2.digital broad casting 3.A health benefit. 4.There are/will be(some)disadvantages 5.televised sport Passage 35 1.Teaching/Education/Schooling 2.preparation 3.school(s) 4.content 5.politely 6.managing 7.think 8.fit 9.society 10.life Passage 36 1.self-centred/subjective 2.involves 3.determine/define/know/understand 4.expectations/hopes/desires/wishes 5.occurs/happens/exists/arises 6.reading/understanding/knowing 7.behaviors/acts/action(s)/activities ·10 8.conveying/expressing 9.erase/remove/delete/change 10.can't/cannot 专题十五补全短文 十年高考母题原型训练 A组 题源补全短文的文体 Passage 1 1.B引出原谅别人的方法，属于总领“你应该如何开 始原谅别人呢？”这句话更合题意。 2.F此题和让自己保持冷静有关，故F项“为了让愤 怒消失，可以尝试一些简单的压力管理技巧”更合题意。 3.G此段说的是不要等待别人道歉，出现apologize 这个词的只有G项，故远G。 4.D此段说的是换位思考，理解冒犯你的人的立场， 故D项，尝试从你的冒犯者角度去看事情，符合题意。 5.E此段讲的是原谅自己，故E项，对一些人来说，原 谅自己是最大的挑战，更合题意。 Passage 2 L.E根据1空之前“Such changes often leave us without a friend'”以及第一段最后一句“Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.”可知，此空是说交 朋友对于一些人来说很容易与后句“But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage”形成鲜明对比。 2.C由2空处后"You can always start the conversa ton”可知，我们也可以主动和他人交谈而不是被动地等待。 3.B由3_空处后面段落中“as these interests would always bring you and your friend together'”推出，题千应为 “一起做事情”比较合适。 4.G由“Let it grow'”下面的段落大意可以推出，我们 不该以电话、短信或拜访的方式给予朋友压力，而应该顺其 自然地慢慢培养友谊。 5.D由此段第一句中“allow your friends to be them selves”以及“Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be,”可知，我们不应该挑朋友的错 误，而应尊重他们本采的样子。 Passage 3 1.C文章第一句说每个人都会有压力，而1空后闸述 释放压力的不同方式，故远C。 2.F本段主要在说当你需要帮助时，应该找你信任的 人聊聊，并列举儿个你可以找的人，因此此处最佳远项为F。 0 3.A本段最后说“记住总有人能够帮你，不要独自承 担”，因此最佳选项为A,应该寻求帮助。 4.E本段主要讲努力解决问题，因此远E。 5.D最后说如果能以一种积极的心态走出困境，你会 感觉很好，故远D。 Passage 4 L.F由“Read on for some techniques worth trying'”可 知，选F,幸运的是，我们可以做很多事来避免这些时刻。 2.A由“looked forward to upcoming events”和最后一 句“keep your brain looking forward”可知，应选“关注未来”。 3.E“3”空后“Something as simple as...”可推出，“不 用担心”。 4.G由“4”空前一句话“Mildly raised glucose levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and,that are good for your brain..”可知，照顾好身体的同 时，大脑也会得到好的照看。 5.C前句说“是得学习新的技能，并且体力劳动与脑力 劳动并行”可以推出，符合的只有C,“学习园林艺术”。 Passage 5 1.G本段后文说当你的孩子对买糖果或玩具感兴趣 时，你可以和他谈论线，故此句为教育孩子的最佳。 2.F根据本段标题“钱的基本功能”及本段的几个关键 词“want to have a toy”和“cashier(收银员)”可知选F。 3.D根据本段标题可知本段在讲当孩子想买东西时， 应教他什么该买，什么不该买，故选D。 4.A根据最后一段“挑远两个不同品牌的商品时，展 示给孩子如何选择”，故可推出标题应为“明智的选择”。 5.C根据5空后一句“如果他选择便宜的”可知5空应 为“允许孩子从中选择”。 Passage 6 1.B When I first sat with my grandmother behind the cashier'”起初我和奶奶坐在收银台后面，可推出时间顺 序，“Before long,she let me sit there by myself..后来奶奶让 我自己坐在那。” 2.A“At first I was paid in candy”与“Later,I received 50 cents an hour”形成先后的顺序表明前后作者的待遇的 变化。 3.G由“My father helped me set up a bank account..” 爸爸帮我在银行开了一个账户推出“Watching any money grow,”,G远项最合适。 4.C由第三段“By the time I was 12,.that she pro- moted me to selling cosmetics(化妆品)可知，我开始卖化妆 品了，并且由全文推出我卖出了许多化妆品。” ·1 5.D由第四段首句“The job taught me a valuable les- son”以及“you need to be a good listener'”可知选D,我们需多 听消费者的意见。 Passage 7 1.C由空格前的提问可知，C项是对前句的回答，并引 出下文。 2.B因为空格前句指出当人们特别累的时候给他们听 这种音乐，可推出下文应叙述音乐给这些人带来的效果。 3.F因为空格前提到一些音乐家或作曲家愿意他们的 作品被选择，空格处讲述原因是他们的作品被使用，他们就 可以得到报翻。 4.D根据空格前提到Tired office workers,空格后一 句提到Supermarket shoppers,空格中应是factory workers 的有关内容与其对应。 5.A由文章最后一段可概括出最后一段内容，有的人 不喜欢Muzak。 Passage 8 1.D根据后一句“我的第一反应就是要进行防卫性的 回答”可知。 2.G下文例举出三点为下次你做会议准备所提出的 建议，可知远G。 3.A下文的关键词“show interest and a desire to”可知 第一个建议是“展示你的真实兴趣爱好”。 4.F根据本段的前后句关系可知你可以反复的重复问 题，而后句表递进关系，故选F,“你也可以要求这个问题清 楚的阐述。” 5.E很据前文句意关系可知此处表递进关系“一对一 的私人会议使你在同事面前说话显得更加底气十足，它也是 思想交流的一种有效的办法”，因此选E。 B组 题源补全短文的文体 Passage 1 1.E此题有两个暗示点。第一个是时间，上句话提到 了5,500年前有的城市，之前，紧接着说200年之前，是个简 单的顺承关系。第二个是but的轻微语义转折，but之后的 两句话都是在讲当时人的居住情况，故E项为最佳远项。 2.D此题有一个明确的暗示点，为D选项当中的 other和上句的()nly the beginning。other是明显承上启下 的功能，后面的the process of证明了这一点，故选D。 3.B此题有一个明确的暗示，点。the rest和之前的3 个数据是明显的并列关系，故答案远B。 4.A此题A选项中有一个明确的暗示点，That指代 之前所说，故远A。 5.F此题有一个明确的暗示点，modernization是前面 past two centuries和后面today的明确对应，故远F。 Passage 2 1.D本题的后一句出现了一个新名词nonprofits(非 盈利)，而前文的内容是在说大多数企业都在寻求利润，那这 里语义的突然变化就提示了我们空格处所填内容应该与 seek to make a profit(寻求利益)语义相反，而与nonprofit相 同，因为只有这样才能自然地引出下文。纵规远项，只有答 案D出现了however,表示语义的转折，所以正确答案为D。 2.C根据文意，前文提到的these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers these or- ganizations实指nonprofits organizations,.所以此处2题的内 容应该是对nongovernmental service providers(非政府服务 提供商)的进一步解释。纵观选项，只有答案C是在举例子， 而且也出现了关键词nonprofit,所以正确答策为C。 3.G这道题的解题方法就是我们说的充分利用“指路 词”。下文中出现了One is.,The third relates.,可见本空 是个总起句，概括了什么东西包含有三个方面。纵观选项， 只有答案G出现了three,且主语planning正好复现了第二 段首句出现的techniques of planning,所以正确答案为G。 4.E还是依靠“指路词”，文中出现过了第一和第三， 所以本空描述的肯定是第二个方面。纵观远项，只有答案E 出现了the second,所以答案为E。 5.A观察第二段可知，商务管理中涉及的techniques of planning,direction均已经提到，只差最后一个control(控 制)还未提及，所以本空一定和control有关。纵观选项，只 有答案A出现了关键词control,所以答案为A。 Passage 3 1.B由文章下文可知，本段主要讲人们独处的时间变 多，并分析其形成原因。 2.D由文章上文可知，此处讲人们缺少同情心的可能 因素。 3.G由上文可知，此处讲人际关系的重要性。 4.F由上文可知，此处讲良好的人际关系在生活中会 带来的好处。 5.C由文章上文内容可知，此处讲人们提升同情心的 方法，在下文中也提到了提升同情心的具体措施。 Passage 4 1,D文章上文提到，从广义上来讲，批判性思考就是 把思考集中并组织起来，是明确各观点之间关系的能力。下 文提到，最伟大的思想家，科学家和发明家经常把有用的信 息提取出来，重新组合创造出新的观点。由此可推出“世界 上新的观点很少，只有重新组织起来的观点。” ·1 2.E由文章下文内容可知，本段主要介绍如何上公共 演讲课。 3.A根据上文中“组织一次演讲不仅是组织已有观，点的 问题”可知下文“而且，这还是形成观点自身的一个重要部分。” 4.℉由下文内容可知，本段讲了在演讲中所学的技巧 如何帮助你思考。 5.G由上文可知，此处为排比句且都是在讲演讲课中 所学技巧对实际的帮助。 第四模块 短文改错 专题十六短文改错 十年高考母题原型训练 A组 题源1短文改错的命题特征 Passage 1 Dear Diary, Here I am in the middle of a city,350 miles far away from our farmhouse.Do you want to know why we move moved last week?Dad lost his job,and as Mom explained,"He was lucky to find other one."His new job meant I had to say another goodbye to my classmate,my school or just everything classmates and else I love in the world.To make matters bad,now I have worse to share a room with my younger sister,Maggie.Tomorrow is A first day of school.I am awfully tiring,but I know the/my tired I'll never fall sleep asleep Good night and remember,you,dear diary,is my only are souvenir from my past life and my only friend. Yours, Rosemary [解析]①数字十miles十away from的结构，意为“离 多远”。 ②根据last week,判断时态为过去时。 ③这里需要的是“又一个，再一个”。 ④我的同学应该是一群人，用复数。 ⑤并列关系，表列举。 ⑥更糟糕的是，表比较。 ⑦单数可数名词前缺少冠词或限定词，应添加the 或my。 ⑧我感到十分累。修饰人，应该用过去分词形式。