专题九 定语从句和名词性从句-【备战高考】备战2027高考英语母题题源同步练

除；C项表示推测时常用于肯定句。 16.B句意：你不可能已经饿了一你两个小时前才吃 的午饭。can't意为“不可能”；mustn't意为“绝对不可，被禁 止”。 17.A句意：她的自行车现在还在这儿，她不可能已经 离开了学校。此题考查情态动词表示推测的用法。must have十v-ed表示对过去情况的肯定性推测，只用于肯定句。 can't have-十u.ed表示“过去不可能做了某事”；shouldn't have十u.ed表示过去本不该做某事而实际上做了；needn't have十v.-ed表示过去本不必做某事但做了。 18.B句意：感谢你上周的辛勤工作。我想要不是你辛 勤的劳动我们不可能做成。本题是在具体语境中考查了委 婉的虚拟语气的用法。without you表达的是“如采没有你 辛勤的劳动的话”，结合句子前后内容，本题表达的是与过去 相反的虚拟语气，所以远择B项。 19,B句意：一对不起，前几天我不应该对你大喊大 叫的。一算了，我当时也有点失态。从对话上下文可看 出，空缺处应该是“本不该、本不应当”的意思，故用should not have done结构。需提醒一下，mustn't have done这一结 构在英语中不存在。 20.C句意：你没有必要一定要通过作者的姓名来找到 一本书。你可以根据这本书的标题（书名）来找到这本书。 must必须，一定；need有必要；can可以，能够；would会（表 示过去将来)。根据句意，只有C选项符合题意。 21.B句意：虽然这听起来是一项简单的任务，但需要 极大的细心。must必须；shall(警告，命令)该；should应该， 都不符合句意。may可能，符合语境要求。 22.B句意：我的家乡在三月份通常很暖和，但有时候 也会很冷。情态动词can可以有多种意思，如能力、推测。 但是can还可以有另外一种意思，即“有时候也会，有时候可 能会”。如：He is a nice person in general,but he can be dif- ficult sometimes..他总的来说是一个很不错的人，但有时也 很难相处。而must,should,would没有这层意思，故选B。 23.C句意：尽管大多数情况下彼得是一个很不错的 人，但有时候他也会很难相处。can在本句中表示理论上的 可能，在本句中意为“有时也可能”。 24.D句意：莉萨可能不想去旅行，她厌恶旅行。may well很可能，极有可能。如：It may well change forever the way you look at Greek art.这很可能会永远改变你对希腊艺 术的看法。 题源2虚拟语气 1.C本题考查的是虚拟语气。此处表示和过去事实相 ·2 反的情况，应该用should十have十过去分词。本来应该做， 而未做。 2.A本题考查虚拟语气与时态。前句表示对过去的 虚拟，而b山t之后表示过去的客规事实，故用一殷过去时态。 3.B would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间 相反，用动词的过去式。 4,B句意：要没有我的英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语 写作比赛中获得第一名。本题考查虚拟语气用法，裉据句 意，可知主句应该使用否定式，而本句是与过去事实相反的 虚拟语气，故答案为B项。 5.D句意：医生建议你不应该在饱餐之后游泳。rec ommend后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“(should) +(not)do”,故选D。 专题九定语从句和名词性从句 十年高考母题原型训练 A组 题源1定语从句 1.C考查定语从句。先判断从句类型为定语从句，定 语从句中谓语explain后接what引导的宾语从句作宾语，因 此不缺少主千成分，排除B项，答案为C。 2.D考查定语从句。此处as引导的定语从句位于主 句之前，指代整个主句内容。意为：正如孩子们常有的情况 一样，医生到的时候Amy好多了。 3.B考查定语从句。此处关系代词which指代整个 主句引导非限制性定语从句。句意为：我们又发射了一颗人 造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的。故答案远B。 4.D考查定语从句。此处which指代前面整个主句 内容，引导非限制性定语从句。句意：莫言2012年被授予诺 贝尔文学奖，这使得中国长期以来的梦想之一成为现实。 5.C考查非限制性定语从句。由“.has surprised us all”可知从句缺少主语，应选关系代词，that不能用在非限制 性定语从句中，故C项符合题意。句意为：这是她第三次赢 得这个比赛，使我们都很吃惊。 6.C考查非限制性定语从句。从句缺少主语，由选项 可知C项符合题意。句意：据报道，这个城市的空气质量在 过去的两个月中已经得到改善。 7.A考查非限制性定语从句。C项what不能引导定 语从句：D项that不能用在非限制性定语从句中，从句缺少 主语，故用A项关系代词which。 8.B考查定语从句。“that was someone else's fault” 是定语从句，修饰先行词something,that在从句中作主语。 9.A考查定语从句中关系词的选择。定语从句在逗 号之后，可判断为非限制性定语从句。先行词a village school在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which,故 远A。 10.A考查定语从句。句意：这个女孩被安排与她姐 姐一起在培训中心上钢琴课，在那儿她会待上一个小时。 where引导限制性定语从句，修饰at the training centre。 11.A考查定语从句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行 词students。句意：我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识 的同校同学成了好朋友。 12.C考查定语从句。where引导限制性定语从句并 “在句中充当地点状语，定语从句修饰先行词the barber's,即 我去的那个理发店”。 13.B考查定语从句。whose引导定语从句，和前面的 who引导的定语从句并列，共同修饰先行词children,并且 whose在从句中作定语，修饰diet。 14.C考查定语从句的关系词。代替指物的先行词 the new machine,且在从句中作定语，所以用whose。句意 为：那是台新机器，它的零件小得都看不到。 l5.B考查定语从句。Stephen Hawking认为地球不 可能是唯一的有生命逐渐形成的星球。这是一个由where 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词planet,从句中缺少地，点状语， 根据句意，远B项。 16.B考查非限制性定语从句。which引导非限制性 定语从句，指代前面句子的内容。句意：大学毕业后我抽出 一部分时间去旅游，事实证明这是一个明智的选择。 17.D考查定语从句的关系词。“the walls of which are painted light green”是定语从句，修饰先行词cafe。which 引导非限制性定语从句，代指cafe,在从句中作介词of的宾 语。由于关系代词前有介词，所以A项错误。 18.A考查定语从句。解答定语从句关系词远用题的 关键是：在主句中找出先行词，该从句的先行词是nearly 1,000 people,然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中 的“地位”和“作用”，此处先行词在定语从句中作o的宾语， 应该用关系代词whom,据此远A项。 19.D考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句，先行词 是the old temple,关系代词在从句中作roof的定语，用关系 代词whose,远D。其余遂项与题意不符。 20.C此处考查的是介词十疑问词引导的定语从句。 原句相当于Wind power is an ancient source of energy which/that we may return to in the near future. 2L.C考查定语从句。development与先行词cities之 ·2 间是所属关系，所以远whose。句意是：在中国，城市的数量 在增加，城市的发展被全世界意识到。 22.C句意：一个人的电子邮件账户满了，就不能收发 任何邮件了。此题考查定语从句。先行词为a person,.代入 定语从句后为：A person whose e-mail account is full..由此可 见，whose在定语从句中作定语，是形容词性的，修饰名词。 who作主语；whom作宾语；whoever连接代词，“无论谁”，用 来引导名词性从句或状语从句。 23.C句意：她带了三个朋友过来，没有一个是我曾经 见过的。此题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是her three friends,代入定语从句后为：I had ever met none of her three friends before。而介词后指人时用关系代词whom。 24.A句意：我的朋友真不错，他带我绕城转了一圈。 本题was缺少主语，排除where;it不能引导定语从句，排除 it:that不引导非限制性定语从句，排除that。 题源2名词性从句 1.D考查名词性从句。动词know之后为宾语从句， 从句中不缺少成分，故用that表陈述一件事实。 2.C考查名词性从句。此句谓语动词为describes,之 前的部分即为主语从句。主语从句中缺少谓语sid的宾语， 故远用代词what作said的宾语；that在名词性从句中不作 成分，只表陈述的语气；而when和how为副词，不能作主千 成分。 3.D考查名词性从句。主句谓语为s,之前为主语从 句，从句中缺少动词tell的直接宾语，指事物，故填what;而 which意为“哪一个”，that,whether均不作成分。 4.D考查名词性从句。动词foud后接宾语从句，从 句中缺少主语，指事物，故填代词what。 5.B考查同位语从句。“the meeting would be post- poned'”从句不缺成分，意义明确，来解释说明“notice'”的内 容。that在同位语从句中不作成分，无意义，故B项符合 题意。 6.B考查主语从句。“I”在句子作形式主语，从句为 真正的主语，whether.…or…为固定搭配。句意：在这家商 店，你付现金还是使用信用卡都是可以的。 7.D考查同位语从句。从句不缺成分，意义完整，来 解释说明evidence的内容，故D项符合题意。 8.C考查宾语从句。动词feel后接的为宾语从句，从 句不缺成分，意义完整，故C项符合题意。句意：Jerry并不 后悔给出了评论，但是他觉得他本可以换一种方式解释它。 9,A考查宾语从句。句意为“当你完成这本书时，把 它给Lucy或Helen或者其他任何人。”故A项符合题意。 l0.B考查主语从句。“.he reaches these limits'”作连 词but后面的句子的主语。“he reaches these limits”不缺成 分，根据句意，B项whether正确。 11.C考查宾语从句。“.attends the party”缺少主 语。根据句意可知应该指“无论谁参加这个晚会…”，故C 项为正确答案。 12.D。考查主语从句。“It”放句首作形式主语，后面的 从句为真正的主语，从句不缺成分，意思完整，故远项D为正 确选项。句意：他突然想起他把钥匙落在办公室了。 13.B考查宾语从句。句意：有5个课程被提供，你可 以随便地远择最适合你的。从5个课程中选，而且course是 物。故选B项。 14.D考查主语从句。句意：总统做什么去结束这次 罢工还不清楚。what作do的宾语，整个what引导的句子 在句中作主语。故选D项。 15.A考查主语从句。根据句意：在这个岔路口你向 左或者向右都没关系，两条路都通向公园。matter后是整句 话的真正的主语。故选A项。 16.C考查宾语从句。根据句意：这个新来的人前几天 去了图书馆，查找他能找到的关于马克·吐温的任何信息。 故远C项。 I7.A考查主语从句。it为形式主语，whether引导从 句中真正的主语，在名词性从句中只有whe ther与or not连 用。句意：旧车站是否应该被现代化旅店代替这一问题仍在 讨论之中 18.D考查主语从句。t为形式主语，后面为真正主语 从句，因前有never,故不远that。句意：还不清楚为什么男 子没有立即报告这场事故。 19.C考查名词性从句。what引导主语从句并在从句 中作宾语。句意为：村民们已经知道我们所做的是要重建这 个桥。 20.D考查表语从句。系动词后面缺少表语，此处从 句与上文为因果关系，所以用why。句意为：恐怕他是夸夸 其谈而非实干的人，这就是他一事无成的原因。根据句意， 可知远B。 21.D考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。句意为：证 据表明，所有感觉中最难表达的是身体的疼痛。分析句子结 构，从句中不缺成分，故用that。 22.D考查名词性从句。答语的意思是“我已经读到 了孩子们发现了那个秘密洞穴的地方”。where引导的是地 点状语从句。 23.D考查名词性从句。题千中We haven't discussed ·2 yt后为宾语从句，从句中缺少地，点状语，因此空白处应填 where,故答案为D。 24.A考查名词性从句。whoever引导宾语从句，并在 从句中作主语，相当于anyone who。 25.D考查名词性从句。裉据语意应远why引导宾语 从句。句意：Cindy重重地关上了门，突然哭了起来。办公室 的人都不知道她为什么如此生气。 26.B考查名词性从句的连接词。宾语从句暗含t takes.·to do sth.句型，因此应用what引导宾语从句并充当 从句中的宾语。 27.C考查名词性从句。what引导名词性从句，作介 词for的宾语。另外，what在从句中作表语。 28.B考查名词性从句。that引导的名词性从句在句 中作表语，且that不充当句子的任何成分。其他几项不合 题意。 29.B考查名词性从句。句意：一些人认为是缺，点的地 方在其他人看来是一种优势。what引导的名词性从句作句 子的主语，且what在从句中作regard的宾语。其他几项不 合题意。 30.B考查名词性从句的引导词。引导一个名词性从 句，并在从句中作need的宾语，只能用what。句意为：在促 销开始之前，我把接下来的这个季节里孩子所需要的东西列 了个清单。 B组 题源1定语从句 1,D句意：他们已经赢得了最后三场比赛，我发现这 确实有点令人惊讶。考查定语从句。先行词是前面整个句 子，which引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中作find 的宾语。 2.B句意：不管我何时遇见她，她都用甜甜的微笑迎接 我，这是常事儿。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的 句子。 3.A句意：—鲍勃，你认为教书怎么样？—我觉 得不仅有趣而且具有挑战性。它是一份严谨而有趣的工作。 此题考查定语从句。先行词是ajob,把先行词带入从句为： in the job you are doing something serious but interesting, 时where-=in which,故选A。 4.B句意：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶 段。where引导定语从句修饰先行词point。 5.B句意：很多小孩在村里都得到了很好的照顾，他们 的父母亲远在大城市里打工。whose引导非限制性定语从 句。A项their和C项of them不能连接从句，可以排除；选 with whom会导致句意混乱。 6.A句意：莫扎特的出生地以及他请写“The Magic Flute”所使用的房子现在都成了博物馆。本题考查了定语从 句引导词的运用。the house在后面的定语从句中作地点状 语，故用where=in which。 7.D句意：我出生在路易斯安那州的新奥尔良，这座 城市的名字让我们联想到一幅有着漂亮的树和绿草的图画。 本题考查定语从句，先行词是a city,代入定语从句后为：The city's name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语， 故用whose。 8.D句意：生活像长跑比赛，我们与其他人竞争以超 越自我。本题考查定语从句。先行词为race,代入定语从句 后为：We compete with others to go beyond ourselves in the long race。由此可见，in the long race在定语从句中作状语， 且不表示原因（排除A项），故D项正确。 9.D句意：在那里逗留期间，她找到了失散两年的儿 子，那段时光令她难忘。此题考查定语从句，先行词为sty, 代入定语从句后为：She found her son who had gone missing two years before during her stay there. 10.C句意：枪支控制是美国人争论了很长时间的一个 话题。此题考查“介词十关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行 词为subject,带入定语从句后为：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行词在定语从 句中作about的宾语，介词about提前，故用关系代词which。 11.B句意：由于经济危机，在当地五星级酒店住一个 晚上就要6,000元的日子一去不复返了。when local5-star hotels charged6,000 yuan for one night作days的定语，关 系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语。 12.D句意：把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角 度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。本题考查定语从句，先行 词是situation,代入定语从句后为：They can see themselves differently in the situation,由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作 状语，故用关系副词；而when表“时间”，不合本题要求，只有 where符合本题要求。 13.C句意：结果那儿的路况很好，出乎我们的预科。 which用于引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的情况。由逗 号可知本句不是并列句，排除A项：what不能引导定语从 句；that不引导非限制性定语从句。 14.D句意：我把我朋友家的地址给你，大多数晚上你 都可以在那里找到我。本题考查定语从句关联词的选择。 本句中my friend's home address为先行词，将先行词放到从 ·3 句中可确定其充当从句的地，点状语，故须用关系副词where。 15.C句意：我们经历了一个乡村地区通讯难的时期。 a period为先行词，代入从句中为communications were very difficult in the rural areas in the period,由此可见先行词在定 语从句中作介词in的宾语，故C正确。 16.B句意：一种植物的生长速度要受很多因素的影 响，大多数因素是我们控制不了的。先行词为factors,代入 定语从句后为most of the factors are beyond our control,由 此可知关系代词用which。如选A项，须加并列连词and。 17.C句意：世界上有很多城市都没有进一步拓展的空 间了，纽约就是其中的一个例子。of which引导非限制性定 语从句，相当于New York is an example of many cities in the world。 18.D句意：到九，点为止，所有的奥运火炬手都登上了 珠峰峰顶。很快一道奇特的彩虹显现在山顶的上方。从题 意可知rainbow应显现在山顶上方，故用介词above。B选项 on表示“在…上面”，往往和所指物体表面接触，above指 在某物的上方。 19.D句意：昨天她卖掉了一个月前买的小轿车。 which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的her car,在从句 中作bought的宾语。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故 排除。 20.A句意：后来，在这个章节中，消费者的抱怨已产 生了法律方面的一些变化，这些案例将会介绍给读者。句中 由where引导的定语从句修饰其前面的cases,构成in the cases,主句是cases will be introduced to readers,.出现了定语 从句的分隔现象。 21.D句意：那个人拽出一块金表，表的指针是用小钻 石做成的。先行词为a gold watch,代入定语从句后为the hands of the gold watch were made of small diamonds, 可知关系代词应用which。 22.A句意：在最近一次去英国的旅游中，我们参观了 科技博物馆，它是伦敦的旅游景点之一。which引导非限制 性定语从句，在定语从句中作visited的宾语，修饰先行词 The Science Museum;that不可用于非限制性定语从句； what不可引导定语从句。 23.A句意：他们将乘飞机去华盛顿，他们打算在那里 待两到三天。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为 Washington,.代入定语从句后为they plan to stay in Wash- ington for two or three days,由此可知先行词在定语从句中 作地，点状语，故用关系副词where。 24.B句意：邻居们都羡幕这个家庭，在这个家庭中父 母对待孩子像对待朋友一样。考查引导定语从句的关系词。 先行词为this family,代入定语从句后为：the parents are treating their child like a friend in this family,由此可知先行 词在定语从句中作状语，故where或in which为正确答案。 题源2名词性从句 1.C考查名词性从句。句意：我们应该重视食物，想想 那些得不到我们所拥有的这些的人，我们该好好对待食物。 此处考查宾语从句的引导词，从句中缺少宾语，故远wat作 动词have的宾语。 2.B考查名词性从句。在此w0引导宾语从句，并在 从句中作wh的宾语。句意：一个人享受旅游的程度很大 部分取决于他与谁一起旅游，是他的朋友还是他的亲戚。 3.A考查名词性从句。说话人在星期天喜欢整天把 自己关在家中听音乐，答话人对这一点不赞同。答语中 “where I don't agree”"是表语从句，表示的是抽象概念。假如 远择D项，agree后需要加上介词。 4.B考查名词性从句。此处是由what引导的主语从 句，指代t的具体内容，t是形式主语，所以这里选B项。 5.A此处考查的是表语从句。考查that引导表语从 句的用法。此处that不可以省略。 6.B本题考查宾语从句。which引导的句子作know 的宾语，句子用陈述语序。 7.C本题考查引导词。句意：一这个周末野营怎么 样，来点新鲜的？一好啊，按你的意思吧。根据语境分析 出后者支持前者提出的建议。 8.C句意：近年采全球气候不断变暖，这一事实使得很 多科学家感到担忧。本题考查同位语从句。该题同位语从 句结构完整，故选连词that。 9.D句意：指南类的书对想从事这项工作的任何人都 会有帮助。本题考查名词性从句。首先排除C项，no matter who只能引导状语从句；who表特指；whomever与whoever 同样可以表示任何人，但设空处连接代词需作宾语从句的主 语，故排除B项。 10.B句意：—你可能到机场来接我吗？—没问 题。that引导同位语从句，说明possibility的内容。 11.C句意：学校办公室传出了王琳已经被北京大学录 取的消息。这是一道考查同位语从句的题目，news是同位 语从句的先行词。 12.D句意：一开始他不喜欢这份新工作，但还是决定 给自己几个月的时间来看一看是否情况会有好转。此题考 查宾语从句。从句中不缺少时间、地点、原因，排除A、B、C 三项。D项表示“是否”，符合题意。 ·3 13.D句意：经济危机能否很快结束现在还不清楚。 根据句意，用whether。 14.D句意：作为新上任的外交官，他经常考虑如何在 这样的场合做出更恰当的反应。裉据句意，宾语从句缺少方 式状语，故用how。 15.C句意：她是我们心爱的宝贝。我们准备不惜一切 代价挽救她的生命。whatever=anything that,连接宾语从 句，兼作takes的宾语。 16.A句意：我们应当考虑学生们的要求，即学校图书 馆应该多提供关于大众科学方面的书籍。此题考查名词性 从句。名词request后的同位语从句句子结构完整，不缺任 何成分，故用that引导。 17.D句意：显然，学生们应该为他们的未来做好充分 的准备。that引导主语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，it是 形式主语。as引导定语从句或状语从句；which引导名词性 从句时，意为：哪个（些）；whether是否，在此句中语意矛盾。 18.D句意：许多西方年轻人把人生中最重要的决 定一婚姻—儿乎都归因于运气。因为what could be life's most important decision-一marriage作leave的宾语。 what在宾语从句中既起连接词的作用，又在句中充当主语。 19.C句意：我能跟主管国际销售的人交谈吗？根据句 意应该是跟人交谈，故排除B、D两项。而A项指具体确定 的某人；C项表示不确定的某人，相当于anyone who/that,这 里指的是不确定的某人，故选C。 20.C句意：任何一个想住在旅馆里的人必须支付自己 的费用。whoever在此处引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who。若用anyone和the one则后面应加who:who表示特 指，故被排除。 21.A句意：一些孩子想学习一门不同于父母在家中 所讲的语言来挑战自我。what引导名词性从句，相当于the language that。 22.C句意：她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。 本题考查what引导的名词性从句作句子的主语。也就是说 句子可以调整为：“What was most important to her was her family.”。注意：命题者故意在句中用了插入语she told me, 这要求考生能快速地识别出来。 23.A句意：当这些孩子们被问到最需要什么的时候，他 们的回答是：他们想让自己感觉到他们很重要并且是被爱着的。 asked后面是一个宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作宾语。 24.C句意：这些公司正在一起努力创造出他们所希望 的21世纪最好的交通方式。本题考查名词性从句。which哪 一个，who谁，故A、D远项被排除。that在名词性从句中不充 当任何成分，故排除B项：wat在名词性从句中充当主语、宾 语或表语。此句中what在从句中作主语，故选C。 25.D句意：我一整天都和孩子们待在一起的这种机会 是很少的。when引导的从句作()ccasions的同位语。整个句 子调整一下顺序为：“(Occasions when I have the time to spend a day with my kids are quite rare.”,这样就很容易理解了。 专题十并列句和状语从句 十年高考母题原型训练 A组 题源1并列句 1.C考查并列连词。句意：改变习惯不易，但如果是 有意识和有自我控制能力的话，还是有可能的。故前后为转 折关系，用并列连词but。 2.A考查连词辨析。句意：虽然我总觉得自己能够通过 考试，但我从不认为自己能得A。此处应用while表示“虽然”。 3.B考查连词辨析。句意：你最好让个道儿，否则这辆 卡车没法通过。句型为“祈使句十o十陈述句.”。 4.A考查连词辨析。句意：迈克经常很仔细，但这次 他犯了一个小错误。yet表示转折，“然而，但是”：B为“仍 然”：C为“甚至”：D为“因此”。 5.B考查连词辨析。句意：把花放到暖和的房间里，它 们就会很快开放。根据句意可知，此处应选择表并列关系的 连词。故远B。 6.C考查连词辨析。句意：想办法经常表扬孩子，你会 发现他们会向你敞开心扉。横线前是祈使句，用and连接表 示前后是顺承关系，如果表示转折，则用o。句型“祈使句十 and/or十陈述句”。 7.C考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意：当客人们吃 完饭时，玛丽在煮咖啡。while表示“在…期间”，符合语 意。因此答案为C。 8.A考查连词用法。句意：汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的 注意力被一只鸟吸引了。本句是“sb.was about to do sth when”结构，表示“某人正要做某事，这时突然…”。 9.D句意：这不公平，上个月我在做服务员时，我的朋 友们却躺在海滩上。whle引导时间状语从句时，从句常用 进行时态。whenever无论何时，每次，引导让步状语从句或 名词性从句：though尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句：for因 为，引导原因状语从句，三项均不符合句意。故选D。 题源2状语从句 1.A考查状语从句。此处考查no matter.引导的让 步状语从句。副词how修饰形容词或副词，横线后为形容词 ·3 full,故远how。no matter how=however(无论如何)。 2。B考查状语从句。句意：在你做任何决定之前，你 得学会顾及到你的感觉和你做此决定的原因。根据句意，可 知选B。 3.A考查状语从句。根据句意及主从句时态即可判 断为A项，因为since从句用一殷过去时，主句用现在完成 时。句意：自从我从国外回来，我已经听说了许多关于你的 好的事情。 4.A考查状语从句。句意：他如此繁忙。他不能抽出 足够的时间来陪他的儿子，即便是他想那样做。根据句意 选A。 5.B考查状语从句。句意：除非得到欧盟的财政支援， 否则希腊政府很难渡过目前面临的困境。用unless相当于 “if not'”,意为“除非，如果不”。 6.A考查状语从句。句意为：别担心，即使下雨，我们 也会玩得很开心。even if=even though“虽然，即使”；as though=asif“仿佛，好像”；in case“以防，万一”；if only“要 是…该多好”。 7.A考查状语从句。句意：无论你多么努力，如果你 不少吃东西的话很难减肥成功。 8.B考查状语从句。句意：我不觉得我们之前见过，虽 然我不得不说你确实看起来有些面熟。A项为“因此”：B项 为“尽管”；C项为“自从；由于”；D为“如果不，除非”。 9.B考查状语从句。句意为：尽管晚上热，我们也睡得 很香，因为长途旅行后我们实在太累了。Hot as the night air was-Although/Though the night air was hot..“虽然天气很 热…” 10.C考查状语从句。句意为：你最好给你邻居留把钥 匙，以免有一天你把自己锁在外面。A项“只要”；B项“即 使”：C项“以防，万一”：D项“仿佛，好像”。 11.A考查状语从句。句意：除非另加声明，否则他书 里所有的照片都是20世纪50年代的。unless-=if not“如果 不，除非”。 12.C考查状语从句。句意：只要我们给他人的生活带 来价值，我们的生命就有价值。A项“以便，为了…”；B项 “无论怎样…”；C项“只要”；D项“除了…”。 13.C考查状语从句。句意：为毕业典礼准备的一切物 品都已经按照他的意愿摆放完毕。考查地，点状语从句。 14.D考查引导词辨析。句意：尽管她主修排球，她篮 球也很棒。D项“尽管，虽然”符合题意，A项“既然”，B项 “一旦”，C项“除非”，不合题意。故选D项。 15.B考查状语从句引导词辨析。句意：我花了很大力专题九定语从句和名词性从句 考纲·题型解读 复合句是英语语言中重要的句子结构之一，高考将继续重视对复合句的考查，试题的立意将注重对定语从句和名词性从句 中相关基础知识的考查。 1.名词性从句主要考查内容：语序问题、连接词的选用。近几年高考中关于名词性从句的考查主要是连接词的选用。特殊 疑问词what的考查是近年来的热点。 2.定语从句仍是近五年高考的热点。主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词、非限制性定语从句（特别是先行词是 整个句子时)、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。此外，非限制性定语从句关系代词as和wich的区别，也是近年来的热点之 一；对表示地点的先行词模糊化为近年来高考的难点。 3.解题思路：(1)通读全句，首先考虑是不是某种句型，如强调句型；(2)题干句若是疑问句，首先把它恢复为正常语序：(3) 观察设空的前后，确定相关从句的性质；(4)确定从句性质后，回忆相关从句的用法特点；(5)注意标点符号和并列连词(ad, bt)的作用；(6)将选项代入句子，看前后是否语意通顺。 十年高考母题题源揭秘 题源1定语从句 He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 解题模型1.1 ⑤先行词被the only,the very,the last等修饰时。 关系代词的用法 This is the very gun that I am looking for. 1.that和which的用法 2.who引导的定语从句 that与which两者都可指物，有时可互换。但是在下 (I)引导词who指代人，可以和that互换 列情况下不能互换： I have already known him who/that is a friend of John (1)关系代词只用which不用that的情况 (2)who还可以引导非限定性定语从句 ①引导非限定性定语从句，只能是which,不能用 Peter,who had been driving all day,suggested that。 stopping at the next town. I quarreled with my friend,which made me sad. ●疑点警示 ②在介词前置到引导词前的时候，即“介词+which”的 who,whom和that用法上的区别 结构，不能使用that。 指代人的时候，区别如下： We depend on the land from which we get our food. ①若引导非限定性定语从句，则只能是who, (2)关系代词只能用that的情况 whom,不能是that。 ①先行词为all,anything,nothing,something,little, Liu Xiang,who won the Olympic gold medal in few,much等不定代词时。 110-meter hurdles,is thought to be a national hero. There is little that I can use. ②在介词前置到引导词前的时候，即“介词十 ②先行词被all,each,few,much,every,no,some, whom”的结构，不能使用that,也不能用who,只能用} any等不定代词修饰时。 whom. All the books that you need are here. Mary is my friend with whom I often go to see a ③先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 film. This is the first composition that he has written in 【注意】如果介词不前置于引导词之前，则 English. whom,who,that都可以。 This is the one of the most interesting movies that I ③whom是who的宾格形式，在定语从句中只能 have ever seen. 作宾语，不能作主语。口语中，二者可以互换。 ④先行词既有人又有物时。 ·91· C.which D.whom 3.whose的用法 [解析]考查定语从句。先行词为40 people,定语从句中 (1)whose在句中代替名词所有格或物主代词，起定语 缺少主语，故使用whom。介词之后不能用hat,所以排除： 的作用。whose既可指代人，又可指代物。指代人时，相当 which的先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。 于of whom:指代物时，相当于of which。如： [答案]D Mr.King,whose legs were badly hurt,was taken to )汇真题6](2023·福建)She has a gift for creating an at- the hospital..(whose指代人，指代Mr.King) mosphere for her students allows them to com- My wife changed the table,one of whose legs is municate freely with each other. broken..(whose指代物，指代the table) (2)whose既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非 A.which B.where 限定性定语从句。如： C.what D.who I know a boy whose father is an acrobat. [解析]考查定语从句。先行词为atmosphere,从句中缺 George,whose real name was Eric,wrote many polit- 少了主语，which在从句中作主语。注意：在限制性定语从句中， cal novels and essays 从句缺成分用关系代词，不缺成分则用关系副词。 [答案]A )[真题1](2023·湖南)Happiness and success often )L真题7](2023·浙江)English is a language shared by come to those are good at recognizing their own several diverse cultures,each of uses it some- strengths. what differently. A.whom B.who A.which B.what C.what D.which C.them D.those [解析]考查定语从句。定语从句中缺少主语，所以要使 [解析]考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为several diverse 用关系代词，排除C项，先行词为those,故使用关系代词who。 cultures,.在从句中作each of的宾语，故用关系代语which。句 [答案]B 意：英语是一种被许多不同国家使用的语言，每一个国家的用法 )[真题2](2023·福建)The book tells stories of the 在某种程度上都有所不同。 earthquake through the eyes of those lives were [答案]A affected. )[真题8](2023·湖南)Julie was good at German, A.whose B.that French and Russian,all of she spoke fluently. C.who D.which A.who B.whom [解析]考查定语从句。其中those作为先行词，定语从句 C.which D.that 中缺少lives的定语，所以选用关系代词w hose。. [解析]考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为German, [答案]A French and Russian,用“which”引导定语从句，故C正确。句意： )[真题3](2023·江苏)The president of the World Julie擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三种语言她都说得很流利。 Bank says he has a passion for China, he re- [答案] C members starting as early as his childhood. A.where B.which 解题模型1.2 C.what D.when 关系副词的用法 [解析]考查定语从句。定语从句中缺少宾语，并且先行词 (1)当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词。 为passion,故用关系代词which,排除A、C、D三个选项。故选B。 其中when=表示时间的介词（如：in,at,during等）十 [答案]B which;:where=表示地点的介词（如：in,at,on,under等） )[真题4]（2023·山东)Finally he reached a lonely +which;why=表示原因的介词（如：for)十which;how island was completely cut off from the outside 表示方式的介词（如：in)十which。.如： world. I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. A.when B.where (when=on which) C.which D.whom Can you tell me the office where he works?(where= [解析]考查定语从句。句意为：最后他到达一个完全与 in which) 世隔绝的孤岛。定语从句中缺少主语，因此使用关系代词；先行 Do you know the reason why he is absent?(why=for which) 词island指物，故使用关系代词which。 That's the way how I learn English.(how=in which) L答案]C (2)介词+关系代词(which)=where/.when。有时为 )[真题5](2023·重庆)John invited about40 people to 表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from, his wedding,most of are family members. to等。如： A.them B.that 92 [答案]D China is the birth place of kites,from where kite )[真题13](2023·浙江)We live in an age more flying spread to Japan,Korea,Thailand and India. information is available with greater ease than ever before. (3)高考对关系副词where的考查 A.why B.when 高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词由 C.to whom D.on which “明显的地点”转为“地点的模糊化”。事实上，对于where 这个词，考生不能只理解为表示地点。当先行词表示某 [解析]考查定语从句。从句子可以判断出，从句是一个 人/物的处境，或某事所发展的阶段，或表达某事的某个方 完整的句子，不缺任何成分，先行词为“ge”,指代时间，应选关 面时都可用where这个关系副词。如： 系副词when,故B项符合题意。 The accident had reached to a point where both their [答案]B parents are to be called in. )[真题14](2023·重庆)Sales director is a position 事情发展到如此程度，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。 communication ability is just as important as sales skills. 这种用法不仅仅限于定语从句，特殊疑问句中的 A.which B.that where、名词性从句中的where都有这种用法。如： C.when D.where Where will all this trouble lead? [解析]考查定语从句。从句不缺成分，故排除关系代词 这件麻烦事会惹出什么结果？ which和that,先行词为position表示抽象的地，点，故选关系副词 That is where you are mistaken. where,因此D项为正确答案。 这就是你的错误所在。 [答案]D )L真题9](2023·浙江)The museum will open in the )[真题15](2005·重庆)Mark was a student at this uni- spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform versity from 1999 to 2003, he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students'Union. visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. A.what B.where A.during which time C.when D.why B.for which time [解析]考查定语从句。定语从句中不缺少主千成分，所 C.during whose time 以不选关系代词，且先行词platform指地点，故用where。 D.by that time [答案]B [解析]考查介词用法及先行词。“which”指代的用法在 )[真题10](2023·新课标Ⅱ)When I arrived,Bryan 某一段时间阶段之内用during,而用which指代上句中“1999to I would be staying. 2003”。 took me to see the house [答案] A A.what B.when C.where D.which 解题模型1.3 [解析]考查定语从句。定语从句中sty为不及物动词， 定语从句的其他要点 故不缺主千成分，用关系副词：先行词为house,指地点，故用关 1,关系副词和关系代词的比较 系副词where。 引导定语从句的关系代词及关系副词除了起连接先 [答案]C 行词和从句的作用外，它们还有一个最重要的作用，那就 )[真题11](2023·四川)Nowadays people are more 是它们分别在定语从句中充当定成分。具体地说，关系代 concerned about the environment they live. 词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，而关系副词在定语 A.what B.which 从句中作状语。因此，在选择引导词时，最重要的是分析 C.when D.where 一下定语从句中的成分，若从句中缺主语、宾语或表语，那 [解析]考查定语从句。此处先判断从句类型为定语从 么必须用关系代词；若从句中不缺主语、宾语或表语，那么 句，先行词为the environment,定语从句中live为不及物动词， 必须用关系副词。 因此不缺少主千成分，应填关系副词；且先行词environment指 试比较下面的句子： 地，点，故用where,相当于in which。 (1)Do you still remember the days that/which we [答案]D spent in Qingdao？你还记得我们一起在青岛度过的日 )[真题12](2023·北京)Many countries are now setting 子吗？ (2)Do you still remember the days when we spent the up national parks animals and plants can be summer holidays in Qingdao?你还记得我们在青岛过暑假 protected. 的日子吗？ A.when B.which 在句(1)中，定语从句中缺宾语，因此须用关系代词 C.whose D.where that/which来引导从句，而在句(2)中，定语从句中不缺主 [解析]考查定语从句。定语从句中不缺少主干成分，故 语，也不缺宾语，因此须用关系副词when来引导从句。 使用关系副词；先行词parks指地点，故选where。 93 2.特殊关系代词than和but This is the second time(that)the President has visited 知：He gave more money than was needed,. the country. There was no one in my family but was glad to hear I could hardly remember how many times(that)I've the good news. failed. 至今绝大多数词典和语法学家还没有承认than为关 This was at a time when/during which there were no 系代词，而认为是连接词，引导比较状语从句，其后经常用 radios,no telephones or no TV sets. 省略形式。但在不少句子中它的确具有关系代词的性质。 3.定语从句与其他句式的比较 )[真题16](2023·过宁)He may win the competition, It is such a heavy box that he can't lift it..(状语从句) he is likely to get into the national team. It is such a heavy box as he can't lift.,(定语从句) A.in which case Is this factory the one where we lived three years ago? B.in that case (定语从句) C.in what case Is this factory where we lived three years ago? D.in whose case 从句) [解析]考查定语从句。两分句间无连词，故排除B项(in As is known to the world,Mark Twain is a great this/that case用于并列句中)。此处which指代前面主句，in American writer.(定语从句) which case引导定语从句。句意为：他可能藏得这场比赛，如果 It is known to the world that Mark Twain is a great 这样的话，他就可能进入国家队。 American writer..(主语从句) [答案]A That Mark Twain is a great American writer is known )[真题17](2023·山东)There is no simple answer, to the world..(主语从句) is often the case in science. The reason why he didn't come was unknown.(同位语从句) A.as B.that The reason that he gave was not right.(定语从句) C.when D.where She did all she could to help him.(宾语从句) [解析]考查定语从句。此处s引导定语从句指代整个 She did what she could to help him.(宾语从句) 主句内容，含有“正如”之意，定语从句部分意为“在科学上这是 She is not what she used to be.(表语从句) 常有的事”。 由以上例句可以看出，分清定语从句与其他复合句的 [答案]A 关键是要掌握先行词及其后的关系词，要看其是否在从句 )[真题18](2023·新课标I)You can't judge a book by 中作成分，是否有意义。 its cover, 4.定语从句其他用法要点 A.as the saying goes old 注意way和time后接定语从句的情况 B.goes as the old saying (1)当先行词是wy意为“方式、方法”时，引导定语从 C.as the old saying goes 句的关系词有下列三种形式。如： D.goes as old the saying What surprised me was not what he said but the way [解析]考查定语从句。考查s引导的定语从句，意为“正 in which 如古语所说”。 that he said it. [答案]C 不填 )[真题19](2023·浙江)The children, had 注意下面两个句子中关系词的不同，试比较： played the whole day long,were worn out. ,that A.all of what B.all of which The way which he explained to us was quite simple. C.all of them D.all of whom (不填 [解析]考查定语从句。先判断为定语从句，排除A、C两 他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。 项，又因为先行词为children,故答案为D。 that [答案]D The way in which he explained the sentence to us was not )[真题20](2023·安徽)A lot of language learning, 不填 has been discovered,is happening in the first difficult to understand. year of life,so parents should talk much to their children 他向我们解释句子的那种方法不难理解。 during that period (2)先行词是time,若time作“次数”讲时，应用关系代 A.as B.it 词hat引导定语从句，that可省略：若time作“一般时间” C.which D.this 讲时，应用关系副词when或介词at/during十which引导 [解析]考查非限制性定语从句。从句缺少主语，连接两 定语从句。如： 个句子，故B、D排除。s引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如被 发现的”。 [答案]A 94 题源2名词性从句 句主要有四种从句结构：以that引导的从句，以whether/if引导 的从句，以特殊疑问句引导的从句，以what或wh-ever等关系代 名词性从句的结构和功能总述 词引导的名词性关系从句。此外，asf/as though也可引导表语 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从 从句。具体用法见下表： 句。名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。名词性从 宾语从句 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 作及物动词宾语 作介词宾语 that 一般不省略 可以省略 一般不省略 一般不省略 一般不省略 whether/ 放于句首时 用w hether/if均可， 只用whether 只用whether 只用whether f(是否) 只用whether 但有区别 特殊疑问词 注意用陈述语序 名词性关系代词 注意用陈述语序 解题模型2.1 可用于此句型的形容词还有uncertain,sure,doubt, 主语从句 clear,better,important,necessary,possible,likely等，这 在复合句中作主语，常见引导词有：连接代词what, 类主语从句中，谓语动词多用“should十动词原形”或省去 who,which等；连接副词when,why,how,where;连接词 should,只用动词原形。如： that,whether,if。 It is necessary that we(should)have a good knowledge ①that引导的主语从句也可用“it”作形式主语，将从 of basic English. 句放在句末。如： c.Itis/was十过去分词+that从句 That light travels in straight lines is known to us all. It is said/reported./thought/,believed.意为：据说/报 It's known to us all that light travels in straight lines. 道/认为/相信…… 光沿着直线运行，这是众所周知的。 d.It十不及物动词+that从句 但多数情况用“t”作形式主语，又如： It seems/happens/appears/turns out/doesn't matter... It's interesting that you should like him. that,… 有趣的是你竞然喜欢他。 It seems that he has known the secret. ②wh引导的主语从句。如： )[真题21] (2023·北京) makes the book so Where we will go hasn't been decided. extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 我们要去哪儿还没有定下来。 A.That B.What 注意： 由what(东西)引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主 C.Who D.Which 语。如： [解析]考查名词性从句。此题题千中is为系动词，the What she couldn't understand was the last question. creative imagination of the writer为表语，故is之前为主语从句。 不可以改为：It was the last question what she couldn't 从句中缺少主语指事物，故填what。句意为：使得这本书如此不 understand. 同寻常的是作者富于创造的想象力。 ③t作形式主语的几个重要句型结构 [答案]B a.itis/was十名词十that从句 )[真题22](2023·重庆) struck me most in It is a pity that she didn't come to the party. the movie was the father's deep love for his son. 可用于此句型的名词还有：shame,wonder,fact, A.That B.It news,honor,question等。 C.What D.Which 注意： [解析]考查名词性从句。主句谓语动词ws之前为主语 ltis(high)time that we got down to work..我们该着 从句；主语从句中缺少主语指事物，故使用代词what;that表陈 手工作了。（从句用虚拟语气） 述，不作成分；which表示在确定范围内进行选择。 It is the first time that I have come to Beijing,这是我 [答案]C 第一次来北京。（从句用陈述语气） b.ltis/was十adj.+that从句 It is certain that he will pass the final examination. ·95· 解题模型2.2 ③宾语从句中使用陈述语序。如： 表语从句 Can you tell me what is the matter with you? 在复合句中系动词之后的从句叫表语从句。引导词 Can you tell me what the problem is? 有连接词：that,whether;连接代词：what,who等；连接副 ④动词后面接双宾语的宾语从句，句前要有间接宾 词：when,where,.why,how等。 语：动词后面接复合宾语的宾语从句，从句后有宾语补足 ①that引导的表语从句中，that一般不能省略。如： 语，要使用形式宾语让，将从句放到宾语补足语之后。如： The fact is that we have lost the game. He never told me what I should do. 事实是我们没有赢得比赛。 他从未告诉我该做什么。 ②主语是reason时，表语从句常用that引导，而不用 I thought it was strange that he failed to call me. because。.如： 我觉得奇怪的是他没打电话给我。 The reason why he was late was that he missed the bus. ⑤形容词后的宾语从句 ③asif,because,,as有时也可以引导表语从句。如： be aware/certain/afraid/confident/anxious/doubtful that... Things were not as they seemed to be. I am confident that I can get the job. 情况并不是看上去的那个样子。 我有信心我可以得到这份工作。 It looks as if it is going to rain. ⑥在动词think,believe,guess,suppose,.be sure,be 天看起来像要下雨似的。 afraid等词语之后的宾语从句，主句的否定是从句否定的 )[真题23](2023·安微)From space,the earth looks 转移，主句为第一人称，反意疑问句要依照宾语从句的人 blue.This is about seventy-one percent of its 称、时态提问。如： surface is covered by water. Idon'tthink you are right,.are you?[不可能是Idon't A.why B.how think you are right,doI?据叶斯板森(Jesperson)说，l C.because D.whether don't think之类只是起缓和语气的作用，主要意思在从句 [解析]考查名词性从句。此处考查表语从句。根据句 上。] 意：从太空的角度，地球看起来是蓝色的。这是因为其表面71% 是被水覆盖的。 )[真题24](2023·北京)Experts believe [答案]C people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. 解题模型2.3 A.why B.where 宾语从句 C.that D.what 在复合句中作动词和介词的宾语的句子叫宾语从句。 [解析]考查名词性从句。动词believe之后为宾语从句， 引导词有连接词：that,whether,f;连接副词：when, 从句陈述一个事实，不缺少成分，故使用hat表陈述。 where,why,how等；连接代词：what,who,whose等。 [答案]C ①that引导的宾语从句中，作动词的宾语时that可以 )[真题25](2023·湖南)Do not let any failures discour- 省略，作介词的宾语时不能省略，几个that并列时也不能 age you,for you can never tell close you may 省略。如： be to victory. He said (that)the meeting was very important and A.how B.that that we should attend it..他说会议很重要并要求我们参加。 C.which D.where In the United States,a very special situation exists in [解析]考查名词性从句。动词tll之后为宾语从句，可以 that the Negro people have reached the stage of actually be- coming a nation. 看出宾语从句部分为感叹句转换而来，描述形容词close用 在美国，一个特殊的形势存在着，黑人真正成为一个 how,故选A。 民族的时候已经到了。 [答案]A I'll see to it that everything is ready. )[真题26] (2023·四川)Our teachers always tell us to 我来设法把一切准备好。 believe in we do and who we are if we want to ②宾语从句中的时态问题：如果主句是一般现在时， succeed. 从句可以用它所需要的任何时态；如果主句不是一般现在 A.why B.how 时，主、从句时态上要一致：表示客观事实、真理从句一般 C.what D.which 用现在时。如： [解析]考查宾语从句。介词n后为宾语从句，动词d0后 You can't imagine how excited they were when they 缺少宾语，故选C。句意：老师总是告诉我们如果我们想要成 received these nice presents. 功，就要相信我们自己和我们所做的。 你想象不到当他们收到这么好的礼物时是多么激动。 Our teacher told us the earth is running around the sun. [答案]C 96 。 解题模型2.4 释说明evidence的具体内容，而且从句不缺成分，因而选择不做 同位语从句 成分无意义的tht引导。句意：现代科学家已经提供了明确的 在名词的后面，对前面的名词进行解释、说明的从句 证据，吸烟能引发多种疾病。 叫同位语从句。引导词主要是连接词that,间或用why, [答案]C where等，其引导词在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有词汇 )汇真题29](2023·浙江)I made a promise to myself 意义。 this year,my first year in high school,would ①同位语从句前面的名词往往是需要进一步解释说 be different, 明其具体内容的。如news,fact,idea,hope,wish,prom A.whether B.what ise,reason,doubt,belief,suggestion,advice,question, C.that D.how probability等。如： [解析]考查同位语从句。“this year,my first year in There is a feeling in me that we'll never know what a high school,would be different'”是来解释说明“promise”的内 UFO is-一not ever.我有一种感觉：我们永远不会知道，以 容，从句不缺成分，意思完整，故选C项that:that在同位语从句 前也不知道，什么是不明飞行物。 中不作成分，无意义，不能省略。 ②分隔的同位语从句，就是名词与从句之间有其他内 [答案]C 容。如： The story goes that William Teler killed the tyrant )[真题30](2003·上海)There is a new problem with an arrow.传说咸廉·泰尔用箭射死了暴君。 involved in the popularity of private cars road They had no idea at all where he had gone. conditions need 他们根本不知道他到哪里去了。 A.that;to be improved ③同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 B.which;to be improved 先看下面的例句： C.where;improving A:The news that they won the match is true. D.when;improving B:The news that you told me yesterday is true. [解析]that引导同位语从句来说明a new problem的具 a,形式相近，从句功能不同：A句是解释news的内 体内容；当need后接表示被动意义的非谓语动词时，可用动名 容：赢了比赛，是同位语从句。B句则是修饰限定news, 词的主动形式或动词不定式的被动语态。 即：昨天你告诉我的消息，是定语从句。 [答案]A b.引导词的区别：同位语从句中“that”不能省略，它没 有实际意义，在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用：而定 解题模型2.5 语从句中“that”有意义，是关系代词，代替先行词的内容， 在从句中作“told”的宾语，可以省略。又如： 名词性从句的其他要点 The order that we should return at once hasn't reached l.名词性从句的引导词that与what的区别 us.(同位语从句》 that在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用；而 The day when we should return hasn't been decided. what不仅起连接作用，而且也可充当句子成分。 (定语从句) 2.名词性从句中的t作形式主语或形式宾语 第一句“要立即返回”是order的内容，是同位语从句， 在名词性从句中为了保持句子的平衡，往往用先行词t 句意：我们还未接到要立即返回的这个命令。第二句 作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语和宾语放到后面， “when”就相当于on which day,在句中作状语，是定语从 尤其是that引导的主语从句往往用先行词it作形式主语。 句，句意：该返回的日子还没有决定。 3.名词性从句的语序 在名词性从句中，关联词要提到句首，句子用陈述句 )[真题27](2023·浙江)The only way to succeed at the 语序。当关联词含有疑问的意义时，考生受习惯影响往往 highest level is to have total belief you are 会错误地使用疑问句语序。克服这种错误的关键是要找 better than anyone else on the sports field. 准从句中的主语和谓语。 A.how B.that 4,名词性从句的引导词whether与if及that的区别 C.which D.whether whether与f(意为“是否”)的区别是：在引导宾语从句 [解析]考查名词性从句。此处belief后所接的从句对其 时两者可以互换，但引导介词后边的宾语从句或从句后面紧 跟or not时只能用whether,而不能用f;在引导主语从句、表 内容进行解释说明，故为同位语从句，陈述一个事实，答案为B。 语从句和同位语从句时，只能用whether,而不能用if。 [答案]B 5.名词性从句中的“疑问词十ever”引导的从句与“no )[真题28](2023·天津)Modern science has given clear matter-十疑问词”引导的从句的区别 evidence smoking can lead to many diseases. “疑问句十ever”引导的名词性从句与“no matter十疑 A.what B.which 问词”引导的从句的区别是：前者既可以引导名词性从句 C.that D.where 也可以引导让步状语从句，后者只能引导让步状语从句。 [解析]考查同位语从句。从句作evidence的同位语来解 ·97 ( )[真题31](2023·陕西)It remains to be seen [答案]C the newly formed committee's policy can be put into prac )[真题33](2023·辽宁)Twenty students want to tice. attend the class that aims to teach to read fast. A.that B.which A.what B.who C.what D.whether C.how D.why [解析]考查名词性从句。题千中t作形式主语，真正的 [解析]考查宾语从句。“teach”后接的为宾语从句，此处 主语为横线后的主语从句。判断主语从句中不缺少主千成分， 为“连接词十todo”结构。句意为：二十个学生想要参加这个课 因此排除代词B、C两项：“有待被观察”的事情应是不确定的事， 程，这个课程主要教人们如何更快速地阅读。 即排除表陈述的that,应用whether表“是否”。 [答案]C [答案]D )[真题34](2023·北京)The shocking news made me )[真题32](2023·重庆)To show our respect,we realize terrible problems we would face. usually have to take our gloves off we are to A.what B.how shake hands with. C.that D.why A.whichever B.whenever [解析]考查宾语从句。动词“realize”后接的为宾语从句， C.whoever D.wherever 结构为“what十adj.十n.十陈述的语序”。句意为：这则令人震 [解析]考查宾语从句。句意为：为了表示尊敬，我们在和 惊的消息让我意识到我们可能面临很可怕的问题。 别人握手时，通常要把手套摘掉。从句中with后缺少宾语，此 [答案]A 处指人，故用whoever。 十年高考母题原型训练 (★代表高考出现的频次) A组 C.which D.what )6.(2023·福建)The air quality in the city, 题源1定语从句（★★★★★） shown in the report,has improved over the past two months. ( )1.(2023·江西)He wrote a letter he explains A.that B.it what had happened in the accident. C.as D.what A.what B.which C )7.(2023·江西)By16:30, was almost closing C.where D.how time,nearly all the paintings had been sold. )2.(2023·陕西) is often the case with A.which B.when children,Amy was better by the time the doctor ar- C.what D.that rived. ( )8.(2022·全国Ⅱ)I refuse to accept the blame for some A.It B.That thing was someone else's fault. C.What D.As A.who B.that )3.(2023·天津)We have launched another man-made C.as D.what satellite, is announced in today's news- )9.(2022·全国I)As a child,Jack studied in a village paper. school, is named after his grandfather. A.that B.which A.which B.where C.who D.what C.what D.that )4.(2023·安徽)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize )10.(2022·江西)The girl arranged to have piano lessons for Literature in 2012, made one of the Chi- at the training centre with her sister she nese people's long-held dreams come true. would stay for an hour. A.it B.that A.where B.who C.what D.which C.which D.what )5.(2023·陕西)It is the third time that she has won the )11.(2022·湖南)I've become good friends with several of race, has surprised us all. the students in my school I met in the Eng A.that B.where lish speech contest last year. ·98· A.who B.where D.from which C.when D.which )21.(2022·重庆)In China,the num ber of cities is in- (）12.(2022·天津)-Can you believe1 had to pay30 creasing development is recognized across dollars for a haircut? the world. -You should try the barber's I go.It's A.where B.which only 15. C.whose D.that A.as B.which ( )22.(2021·天津)A person e-mail account is C.where D.that full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails. ( )13.(2022·北京)Children who are not active or A.who diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. B.whom A.what C.whose B.whose D.whoever C.which ( )23.(2021·宁夏、海南)She brought with her three D.that friends,none of I had ever met before. )14.(2022·山东)That's the new machine parts A.them are too small to be seen. B.who A.that B.which C.whom C.whose D.what D.these ( )l5.(2022·福建)Stephen Hawking believes that the )24.(2o21·全国Ⅱ)My friend showed me round the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life town, was very kind of him. has developed gradually. A.which B.that A.that B.where C.where D.it C.which D.whose ( 题源2名词性从句（★★★★★） )l6.(2022·四川)After graduating from college,.I took some time off to go travelling, turned out )1.(2023·山东)It's good to know the dogs to be a wise decision will be well cared for while we're away. A.that B.which A.what B.whose C.when D.where C.which D.that ( )17.(2022·江苏)The newly-built cafe,the walls of ( )2.(2023·四川) you said at the meeting de- are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for scribes a bright future for the company. us,especially after hard work. A.When B.How A.that C.What D.That B.it ( )3.(2023·天津) I want to tell you is the deep C.what love and respect I have for my parents. D.which A.That B.Which ( )18.(2022·浙江)The settlement is home to nearly1,000 C.Whether D.What people,many of left their village homes for ( )4.(2023·新课标I)Police have found appears a better life in the city. to be the lost ancient statue. A.whom B.which A.which C.them D.those B.where )19.(2022·陕西)The old temple roof was C.how damaged in storm is now under repair. D.what A.where B.which ( )5.(2023·海南)The notice came around two in the after C.its D.whose noon the meeting would be postponed. ( )20.(2022·山东)Wind power is an ancient source of en A.when B.that ergy we may return in the near future. C.whether D.how A.on which ( )6.(2023·山东)It doesn't matter you pay by B.by which cash or credit card in this store. C.to which A.how B.whether ·99· C.what D.why A.wherever ()7.(2023·重庆)Evidence has been found through years B.however of study children's early sleeping problem is C.whatever likely to continue when they grow up. D.whichever A.why B.how )17.(2023·重庆)It is still under discussion the C.whether D.that old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel C )8.(2023·北京)Jerry did not regret giving the comment or not. but felt he could have expressed it different A.whether B.when ly. C.which D.where A.why B.how ( )18.(2023·江苏)It was never clear the man C.that D.whether hadn't reported the accident sooner. )9.(2023·山东)When you are done with the book,just A.that B.how give it to Lucy or Helen or C.when D.why A.whoever B.wherever )19.(2023·江西)The villagers have already known C.whatever D.however we'll do is to rebuild the bridge. ( ）10.(2023·安徽)The limits of a person's intelligence, A.this B.that generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but C.what D.which he reaches these limits will depend on his environ- ( )20.(2023·山东)I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a ment. doer,which is he never finishes anything. A.where B.whether A.that B.when C.that D.why C.where D.why )11.(2023·福建)We promise attends the party )21.(2023·上海)There is clear evidence the a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. A.who A.what B.if B.whom C.how D.that C.whoever )22.(2022·全国Ⅱ)一Have you finished the book？ D.whomever -No.I've read up to the children discover )12.(2023·江西)It suddenly occurred to him he the secret cave had left his keys in the office. A.which B.what A.whether B.where C.that D.where C.which D.that )23.(2022·全国I)We haven't discussed yet )13.(2023·陕西)As many as five courses are provided, we are going to place our new furniture. and you are free to choose suits you best. A.that B.which A.whatever C.what D.where B.whichever )24.(2022·重庆)To improve the quality of our products, C.whenever we asked for suggestions from had used the D.wherever products. )14.(2023·课标)It is by no means clear the A.whoever B.who president can do to end the strike. C.whichever D.which A.how B.which ( )25.(2022·湖南)Cindy shut the door heavily and burst C.that D.what into tears.No one in the office knew she )15.(2023·天津)It doesn't matter you turn was so angry. right or left at the crossing-both roads lead to the A.where B.whether park. C.that D.why A.whether B.how )26.(2022·天津)As a new graduate,he doesn't know C.if D.when it takes to start a business here. ( )16.(2023·辽宁)The newcomer went to the library the A.how B.what other day and searched for he could find C.when D.which about Mark Twain. )27.(2022·北京)I want to be liked and loved for ·100· I am inside. )7.(2021·湖南)I was born in New Orleans,Louisiana,a A.who B.where city name will create a picture of beautiful C.what D.how trees and green grass in our mind. )28.(2022·北京)Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his A.which own novel,David Copperfield,was it was B.of which rather closely modeled on his own life. C.that A.what B.that D.whose C.why D.whether ( )8.(2021·重庆)Life is like a long race we )29.(2022·北京) some people regard as a compete with others to go beyond ourselves. drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A.why B.what A.Whether B.What C.that D.where C.That D.How ）9.(2021·四川)She'll never forget her stay there )30.(2022·山东)Before the sales start,I make a list of she found her son who had gone missing my kids will need for the coming season. two years before. A.why B.what A.that B.which C.how D.which C.where D.when B组 ( )10.(2021·陕西)Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time. 题源1定语从句（★★★★★） A.of which ( )1.(202l·辽宁)They've won their last three matches, B.with which I find a bit surprising actually. C.about which A.that B.when D.into which C.what D.which ( )1l.(202l·江苏)Because of the financial crisis,days are )2.(2021·山东)Whenever I met her, was gone local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile. for one night. A.who B.which A.if B.when C.when D.that C.which D.since )3.(2021·北京)-What do you think of teaching,Bob? ( )12.(2021·福建)It's helpful to put children in a situation -I find it fun and challenging.It is a job they can see themselves differently. you are doing something serious but interesting. A.that B.when A.where B.which C.which D.where C.when D.that ( )13.(2020·全国Ⅱ)The road conditions there turned out )4.(2021·浙江)】have reached a point in my life to be very good, was more than we could I am supposed to make decisions of expect. my own. A.it B.what A.which B.where C.which D.that C.how D.why ( )14.(2020·北京)I'll give you my friend's home address, )5,(2021·安微)Many children, parents are I can be reached most evenings. away working in big cities,are taken good care of in A.which B.when the village. C.whom D.where A.their B.whose )15.(2020·上海)We went through a period C.of them D.with whom communications were very difficult in the rural areas. )6.(2021·上海)Mozart's birthplace and the house A.which he composed“The Magic Flute”are both B.whose museums now. C.in which A.where B.when D.with which C.there D.which )16.(2020·湖南)The growing speed of a plant is influ- ·101· enced by a number of factors, are beyond A.why B.where our control. C.which D.that A.most of them 题源2名词性从句（★★★★★） B.most of which C.most of what ( )l.(2022·福建)We should respect food and think about D.most of that the people who don't have we have here and )l7.(2o20·四川)For many cities in the world,there is treat food nicely. no room to spread out further, New York A.that B.which is an example. C.what D.whether A.for which ( )2.(2022·四川)How much one enjoys himself travelling B.in which depends largely on he goes with,whether his C.of which friends or relatives. D.from which A.what B.who ( )18.(2020·福建)By nine o'clock,all the Olympic torch C.how D.why bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ( )3.(2022·江苏)一I prefer shutting myself in and appeared a rare rainbow soon. listening to music all day on Sundays. A.of which -That's I don't agree.You should have a B.on which more active life. C.from which A.where B.how D.above which C.when D.what ( )l9.(2020·浙江)Yesterday she sold her car, ( )4.(2022·浙江)It is uncertain side effect the she bought a month ago medicine will bring about,although about two A.when B.where thousand patients have taken it. C.that D.which A.that B.what ( )20.(2020·江西)Later in this chapter cases will be intro- C.how D.whether duced to readers consumer complaints have ( )5.(2022·上海)One reason for her preference for city life resulted in changes in the law. is she can have easy access to places like A.where B.when shops and restaurants. C.who D.which A.that B.how )2l.(2020·陕西)The man pulled out a gold watch, C.what D.why were made of small diamonds. ( )6.(2022·上海)When changing lanes,a driver should use A.the hands of whom his turning signal to let other drivers know B.whom the hands of A.he is entering which lane C.which the hands of B.which lane he is entering D.the hands of which C.is he entering which lane ( )22.(2020·江苏)The Science Museum, we D.which lane is he entering visited during a recent trip to Britain,is one of ( )7.(2022·浙江)一How about camping this weekend, London's tourist attractions, just for a change? A.which B.what 一OK, you want. C.that D.where A.whichever )23.(2020·重庆)They will fly to Washington, B.however they plan to stay for two or three days. C.whatever A.where B.there D.whoever C.which D.when ( )8.(2021·江西)The fact has worried many scientists )24.(2020·安徽)All the neighbors admire this family the earth is becoming warmer and warmer the parents are treating their child like a these years. friend. A.what B.which ·102· C.that D.though A.as B.which ( )9.(2021·陕西)The how-to book can be of help to C.whether D.that wants to do the job. )18.(2021·江苏)Many young people in the West are ex- A.who B.whomever pected to leave could be life's most C.no matter who D.whoever important decision-marriage-almost entirely up to ( )10.(2021·浙江)一Is there any possibility luck. you could pick me up at the airport? A.as B.that -No problem. C.which D.what A.when B.that ( )19.(2021·宁夏、海南)Could I speak to is in C.whether D.what charge of International Sales please? ( )11.(2021·四川)News came from the school office A.who B.what Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. C.whoever D.whatever A.which B.what ( )20.(2020·浙江) wants to stay in a hotel has to C.that D.where pay their own way. )12.(2021·北京)At first he hated the new job but A.Anyone B.The one decided to give himself a few months to see C.Whoever D.Who it got any better. ( )2l.(2020·浙江)Some children want to challenge them A.when B.how selves by learning a language different from C.why D.if their parents speak at home. )13.(2021·上海)It is not immediately clear the A.what B.that financial crisis will soon be over. C.which D.one A.since B.what )22.（2020·山东) was most important to her, C.when D.whether she told me,was her family. )14.(2021·上海)As a new diplomat,he often thinks of A.It B.This he can react more appropriately on such oc- C.What D.As casions. )23.(2020·湖南)When asked they needed A.what B.which most,the kids said they wanted to feel important C.that D.how and loved. ()15.(202l·湖南)She is very dear to us.We have been A.what B.why prepared to do it takes to save her life. C.whom D.which A.whichever B.however ( )24.(2020·北京)The companies are working together to C.whatever D.whoever create they hope will be the best means of )16.(2021·重庆)We should consider the students transport in the 21st century. request the school library provide more A.which B.that books on popular science. C.what D.who A.that B.when ( )25.(2020·山东))ccasions are quite rare C.which D.where have the time to spend a day with my kids. C )17.(2021·天津)It is obvious to the students A.who B.which they should get well prepared for their future. C.why D.when ·103·