Unit 5【刷语法】可数名词和不可数名词（重点语法提升练）-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材译林版）

**基本信息** 聚焦可数与不可数名词语法点，通过规则-例外-不规则三级分类构建方法体系，结合典型例词与针对性练习，系统提升名词运用的语言能力与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |可数名词变复数|规则变化5类+例外3种+不规则5种+注意3点|规则变化按词尾分类（s/sh/x/ch等），例外情况列表对比，不规则变化口诀记忆|从概念界定（可数性）到规则推导（构成方法+读音），再到特殊情况（例外/不规则）及应用注意（如形复意单名词）| |不可数名词|物质/抽象名词分类+4大特点|不可数名词量化表达公式（数词+量词+of），主谓一致规则|从含义（无法分个体）到分类（物质/抽象），再到特点（无a/an、按单数处理等）及量的表达|

2026-2027学年七年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材译林版） Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle【刷语法】(重点语法提升练) 可数名词和不可数名词 一、可数名词变复数 1．规则变化 分类 构成方法 读音 例词 一般情况 加 -s 读 / s / 或读/ z / book bag pet boy 以s sh x ch 结尾 加 -es 读 / iz / bus brush box watch 以辅音字母加 y 结尾 变y 为i 加 -es 读 / z / family strawberry 以 o 结尾 有生命加 -es 无生命加 -s 读 / z / Potato hero photo zoo 以 f 或 fe 结尾 变 f 或 fe 为 v 再加 -es 读 / z / thief leaf wife knife 2．例外情况 1)以 ch 结尾加 s 的英语单词： stomach—stomachs 2)以 f 结尾直接加 s 的英语单词： roof—roofs gulf—gulfs belief—beliefs staff—staffs chief—chiefs proof—proofs 3)以 f 结尾两种变法都可的单词： scarf—scarfs / scarves dwarf—dwarfs / dwarves handkerchief—handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 3．不规则变化 1)单复数相同 sheep deer fish 2)a 变成 e man woman Englishman Frenchman 3)oo 变成 ee foot tooth goose 4)中日不变英法变，其余 s 加后边；German德国人，其复数形式为Germans 5)特殊变化 child—children ox — oxen mouse—mice 4．三个注意 1．英语中一些由两个部分组成的物体名词通常是以-s 结尾，如： pants，trousers，shorts，shoes，scissors，glasses 等。这一类名词， 如果不带单位词，通常用做复数； His new pants are black and white． 如果带有单位词，则需要根据单位词判定单复。 This pair of pants is cheap. Two pairs of pants are enough． 2．“形复意单”—虽有 s 但不是复数: physics，maths，politics，athletics， economics，news 3. 由两个名词组成的复合名词，复数时作为定语的那个名词通常都用单数形式，第二个名词用复数形式，以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数。 如：a boy student→three boy students a woman teacher→two women teachers 二、不可数名词 含义：不可数名词表示无法分清个体的名词，主要为物质名词和抽象名词。 物质名词： 液体类：juice，water，beer，coffee… 粉末类：powder，flour，sugar，salt… 食物类：rice，bread，junk food，butter，chocolate… 肉类：beef，pork，chicken，mutton… 抽象名词： information，money，work， advice，friendship，help， fun，health，furniture，jewelry，wealth，time… 不可数名词的特点： 1．前面不可以直接加不定冠词 a/an 2．不可数名词永远按单数处理Water is very important for people． Time is money． 3．当时间、金钱、距离或距离做主语时，后面动词用单数形式Four kilometers is a long way． 4．不可数名词也有量的表达: 数词/冠词+量词+of+不可数名词 ①个数：piece（张、片、块、条）a piece of apple pie ②容量：cup，bottle，bag，box， bucket two cups of tea three boxes of milk four buckets of water 四桶水 ③类别：kind all kinds of bread ④度量：kilo（千克，公斤）two kilos of oil 语法过关小测 满分：60分；时间：40分钟 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共40分） 1．—How many ________ are there in this ________ ? —Five. A．tomato; photo B．tomatoes; photo C．tomato; photos 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这张照片里有多少个西红柿？——五个。 tomato西红柿；tomatoes西红柿（复数）；photo照片；photos照片（复数）。How many后接可数名词复数，tomato的复数是 tomatoes；this后接可数名词单数，即photo。 2．—Would you like some ________ in your noodles? —Oh, yes. Just a little, please. A．potatoes B．mutton C．eggs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的面条里想要加些羊肉吗？——哦，是的。只要一点点，谢谢。 potatoes“土豆”；mutton“羊肉”；eggs“鸡蛋”。根据答语中“Just a little”可知，此处修饰的词应为不可数名词。potatoes和eggs均为可数名词复数，只有mutton是不可数名词。 3．My ________ are blue. A．shoe B．shoes C．a shoe 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的鞋子是蓝色的。 be动词“are”提示主语应为复数形式shoes。 4．The ________ games are very interesting. A．children B．children’s C．child’s D．child 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些儿童游戏非常有趣。   children孩子们（复数，名词）；children’s孩子们的（复数所有格）；child’s孩子的（单数所有格）；child孩子（单数）。此处表示“儿童游戏”，“儿童”应为复数，children’s games是固定表达，指“儿童游戏/孩子们玩的游戏”，强调这类游戏属于全体儿童，而非特指某个孩子，用复数所有格children’s修饰games。 5．—How many ________ do you see in the picture? —Eight. A．apples trees B．apple tree C．geese D．goose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在图片里看到了多少只鹅？——八只。 How many后接可数名词复数。apple tree苹果树，其复数为apple trees；goose鹅，其复数为geese。A项复数形式错误；B项和D项为单数；C项为正确的复数形式。 6．Drawing pictures is one of my favourite _________. A．hobby B．hobbies C．a hobby D．the hobby 【答案】B 【详解】句意：画画是我最喜欢的爱好之一。 根据固定搭配“one of + 可数名词复数”，意为“……之一”，可知空处应填复数名词hobbies。 7．There are many ________ in our school. You can join one you like. A．club B．clubs C．club’s 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校有很多俱乐部。你可以加入一个你喜欢的。 many修饰可数名词复数，club的复数是clubs。 8．I have two ________. They are Lucy and Lily. A．sister B．sisters C．sister’s 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我有两个姐妹。她们是Lucy和Lily。 sister姐妹，单数；sisters姐妹，复数；sister’s姐妹的，是名词所有格。sister是可数名词，two“二；两”是基数词，其后接可数名词复数。 9．May I have more ________? It tastes so nice. A．carrot B．beef C．potatoes D．lemons 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我可以再吃点牛肉吗？真是非常美味。 carrot胡萝卜；beef牛肉；potatoes土豆；lemons柠檬。more后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，根据后句主语“It”可知，空处应填不可数名词，beef是不可数名词，符合语境。 10．I’d like to buy ________. A．two kilos of meat B．two kilo of meat C．two kilos of meats D．two kilo of meats 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想买两公斤肉。 两公斤肉的正确表达为two kilos of meat。其中kilo是可数名词，two后接复数kilos；meat是不可数名词，不加s。应填two kilos of meat。 11．There are many ________ in our school library. A．book B．books C．book’s D．books’ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校图书馆里有很多书。 根据many可知其后修饰可数名词复数，且“There are”也提示主语为复数形式，此处表示“许多书”，无所有格含义，直接填入books。 12．How many ________ does a horse have? A．foot B．foots C．feet D．feets 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一匹马有多少只脚？ foot脚，原形；foots错误形式；feet脚，复数形式；feets错误形式。根据“How many”可知后接可数名词复数，foot的复数形式是不规则变化feet。 13．You’d better ________ your teacher’s ________. It will help you a lot. A．take; advice B．take; advices C．taking; advice D．taking; advices 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你最好采纳你老师的建议。这会对你有很大帮助。 空格前“had better”后接动词原形，因此第一空填take。“advice”为不可数名词，没有复数形式，因此第二空填 advice。 14．Lots of beautiful ______ light up the sky on every big celebration night. A．firework B．fireworks C．lantern D．lanterns 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在每个大型庆祝的夜晚，许多美丽的烟花照亮了天空。 firework烟花（单数）；fireworks烟花（复数）；lantern灯笼；lanterns灯笼（复数）。根据“light up the sky”可知能够照亮星空的是烟花，常用复数形式fireworks。 15．Please cut the pork into small ______ with a sharp ______. A．piece; knife B．pieces; knife C．piece; knives D．pieces; knives 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请用一把锋利的刀把猪肉切成小块。 piece块，单数；knife刀，单数；pieces块，复数；knives刀，复数。根据“Please cut the pork into small…with a sharp…”可知，此处为固定搭配cut into small pieces意为“切成小块”，piece应用复数pieces；第二空，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，knife应用单数。应填pieces；knife。 16．There are many ________ in the vegetable field. A．potato B．potatoes C．potatos D．a potato 【答案】B 【详解】句意：菜地里有很多土豆。 根据“many”可知后接可数名词复数，“potato”是以“o”结尾的名词，其复数形式需加“es”，即potatoes。 17．There are two ________ delivering letters on this country road. A．postman B．postmen C．postmans D．postmens 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在这条乡间小路上有两个邮递员正在送信。 postman邮递员；postmen邮递员们；postmans错误形式；postmens错误形式。根据“two”可知空处应填可数名词复数形式，postman是以man结尾的合成词，变复数时将man改为men，即postmen。 18．Lots of ________ grow fast in the warm and wet rainforest climate. A．bamboo B．bamboos C．cotton D．cottons 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多竹子在温暖湿润的热带雨林气候中生长迅速。 bamboo竹子（不可数名词/可数名词单数，表泛指整片竹林、竹子这一植物时为不可数）；bamboos竹子，可数名词复数；cotton棉花，不可数名词；cottons错误，棉花不可数。根据题干空后“grow”可知，主语为可数名词复数形式，此处指雨林里大量竹子植株，强调多根竹子，应用可数名词复数形式，应填bamboos。 19．Many beautiful ________ and sunflowers grow beside the bamboo fence. A．rose B．roses C．cotton D．corns 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多美丽的玫瑰和向日葵在竹篱笆旁生长。    rose玫瑰（名词单数形式）； roses玫瑰（名词复数形式）；cotton棉花（不可数名词，无复数形式）； corns鸡眼（名词复数形式）。many后接可数名词复数，排除A和C；空处与sunflowers并列，表示竹篱笆旁生长的花朵，排除D，应填roses。 20．We pick many green ________ from sunflowers in our yard. A．leaf B．leaves C．leafs D．leafes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们在院子里采摘许多向日葵的绿叶。 leaf叶子；leaves叶子（复数）；leafs、leafes均为错误变形。句中many表示“许多”，后接可数名词复数，leaf是以f结尾的可数名词，复数变化规则为：变f为v再加es，正确复数形式是leaves。 21．Alice has good eating habits. She has ________ with every meal. A．fruit and vegetable B．fruits and vegetable C．fruit and vegetables D．fruits and vegetables 【答案】C 【详解】句意：爱丽丝有良好的饮食习惯。她每顿饭都吃水果和蔬菜。 fruit泛指“水果”时通常作不可数名词，用单数形式；vegetable是可数名词，泛指“蔬菜”时常用复数形式vegetables。根据语境可知此处泛指日常饮食中的水果和蔬菜，因此fruit用单数，vegetable用复数。 22．Look at the sign “No ________”. We can’t take photos here. A．photo B．photos C．photo’s D．photos’ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看那个“禁止拍照”的标志。我们不能在这里拍照。 根据“We can’t take photos here.”可知，此处表示禁止拍照，公共标志中“禁止拍照”常用固定搭配“No photos”。 23．—I’d like to eat ________ and drink ________. —Let’s get some. A．sandwich; coffee B．sandwiches; coffee C．sandwich; coffees 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想吃三明治，喝咖啡。——我们去买点吧。 sandwich三明治，可数名词；coffee咖啡，不可数名词。第一空表示泛指三明治这类食物，常用复数形式sandwiches；第二空coffee为不可数名词，保持原形。 24．Look! Three ________ are swimming happily in the small lake behind the farm house. A．gooses B．goose C．geese D．gooseses 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！三只鹅正在农舍后面的小湖里快乐地游泳。goose鹅，单数形式；geese是goose的复数形式 ，不存在gooses、gooseses两种变形。根据空前Three表示三个，需要使用名词复数，应填geese。 25．—What can I do for you?    —I’d like some ________ and ________. A．sandwich; sugar B．sandwiches; sugars C．sandwiches; sugar D．sandwich; sugar 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我能为你做什么？——我想要一些三明治和糖。 sandwich三明治；sugar糖。some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。sandwich是可数名词，此处应用复数形式 sandwiches；sugar是不可数名词，无复数形式，保持原形。故选C。 26．His nice ________ and kind character make him popular at school. A．looks B．hobby C．energy D．luck 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他好看的外貌和善良的性格使他在学校很受欢迎。 looks外貌；hobby爱好；energy精力；luck运气。根据“kind character”和“popular at school”可知，此处指他的外貌和性格使他受欢迎，“nice looks”意为好看的外貌，符合语境。故选looks。 27．I like ________. They are delicious. A．beef and tomato B．beef and tomatoes C．beefs and tomatoes D．beefs and tomato 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢牛肉和西红柿。它们很美味。 beef牛肉；beefs错误形式；tomato西红柿；tomatoes西红柿（复数）。beef表示“牛肉”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式；tomato表示“西红柿”，是可数名词，表示泛指喜欢某类食物时常用复数形式。 28．There are many ________ in the photo. A．child B．children C．childs D．childes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：照片里有许多孩子。 child孩子；children孩子们；childs错误形式；childes错误形式。“many”后接可数名词复数形式，child的复数是不规则变化children。 29．This pair of ________ is nice. I want to buy it. A．shoe B．shoes C．sock D．glass 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这双鞋子很好看，我想买下它。 shoe“鞋子”（单只）；shoes“鞋子”（复数）；sock“袜子”；glass“玻璃杯”。pair 表示 “一双、一对、一副”，后面搭配本身天然成双成对的物品时，名词必须用复数形式，应填shoes。 30．There is not much ________ on the small farm. A．sheep B．grass C．cows D．horses 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在这个小农场上没有太多的草。 sheep绵羊；grass草；cows奶牛；horses马。根据“There is not much”可知，be动词是is，且much修饰不可数名词。A、C、D项均为可数名词，只有B项grass是不可数名词，符合语法要求。 31．I can see lots of ________ eating grass. A．grass B．cow C．cows D．horse 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我能看见很多奶牛在吃草。 grass草；cow牛（单数）；cows牛（复数）；horse马。根据“eating grass”可知，此处是指食草动物，空格前面有“lots of”修饰，应填复数名词，cows表示“牛”，复数形式，符合语境。 32．These ________ are cute. A．sheep B．sheeps C．sheepes D．sheepies 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些绵羊很可爱。 根据“These”和“are”可知，此处用复数名词，sheep单复数同形，复数仍为sheep。 33．We do morning ________ every day; it keeps us healthy. A．exercise B．exercises C．a exercise D．an exercise 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们每天做早操，它使我们保持健康。 do morning exercises意为“做早操”，固定短语搭配。 34．It’s only ten ________ walk from our school to the park. A．minute B．minutes C．minute’s D．minutes’ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：从我们学校到公园步行只需要十分钟。 “ten”后接名词复数minutes；此处需要所有格修饰名词“walk”，复数名词以s结尾，所有格直接加’，填minutes’。 35．There are three ________ and five ________ in the hospital. A．woman doctors; man nurses B．women doctors; men nurses C．women doctor; man nurse D．woman doctor; men nurse 【答案】B 【详解】句意：医院里有三位女医生和五位男护士。 woman doctor女医生，复数形式是women doctors；man nurse男护士，复数形式men nurses。由“three”和“five”可知，两空均用名词复数形式；当woman/man作定语修饰复数名词时，woman/man也要变为复数。因此第一空选用women doctors，第二空选用men nurses。 36．There are some ________ and ________ on the farm. A．chickens; sheeps B．chicken; sheep C．chickens; sheep D．chicken; sheeps 【答案】C 【详解】句意：农场上有一些鸡和绵羊。 chicken小鸡；sheep绵羊。some后接可数名词复数，chicken表示“小鸡”时，复数形式为chickens；sheep是单复数同形名词，复数仍为sheep。 37．We need to buy two kilos of ________ and three ________ for the party. A．tomatos; kilos of meats B．tomatoes; kilos of meat C．tomatoes; meat D．tomatos; meat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们需要为派对买两公斤西红柿和三公斤肉。 tomato以o结尾，复数加-es(tomatoes)；meat是不可数名词，不能直接加-s，需借助单位名词表达数量，即three kilos of meat。 38．He has a lot of ________ in teaching, and he often tells us about his funny ________. A．experiences; experiences B．experience; experience C．experience; experiences D．experiences; experience 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他在教学方面有很多经验，他经常给我们讲他有趣的经历。 experience作“经验”讲时是不可数名词，作“经历”讲时是可数名词。第一空指“教学经验”，experience是不可数名词；第二空指“有趣的经历”，用复数experiences。 39．My ________ are broken. I can’t see the blackboard clearly. A．glass B．glasses C．a glass D．glassed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的眼镜坏了，我看不清黑板。 glass玻璃、玻璃杯；glasses眼镜，只能用复数形式；a glass一个玻璃杯；glassed不是名词。句中谓语动词为are，主语要用复数名词，结合看不清黑板的语境，此处指眼镜，应选用glasses。 40．Can you give me ________ on how to learn English well? A．some advices B．an advice C．some advice D．many advices 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗? advice(建议)是不可数名词，没有复数形式，不能用an或many修饰，只能用some/a little等修饰。 二、单词拼写（每小题1分，共20分） 41．Look at these beautiful ________ (butterfly), they are dancing. 【答案】 butterflies 【详解】句意：看这些美丽的蝴蝶，它们在跳舞。“these”后接可数名词复数形式；“butterfly”的复数形式为“butterflies”。 42．I love school because there are a lot of fun ________ (activity) at school. 【答案】activities 【详解】句意：我热爱学校，因为学校里有很多有趣的活动。句中a lot of意为“许多”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，activity是可数名词，需变为复数形式activities。 43．I usually have two ________ (piece) of bread, a glass of milk and an egg for breakfast. 【答案】 pieces 【详解】句意：我早餐通常吃两片面包、一杯牛奶和一个鸡蛋。two后接可数名词复数，piece的复数形式是pieces。 44．Look at all the colourful picture ________ (show) on the board. 【答案】shows 【详解】句意：看展板上所有色彩缤纷的图画展品。all（全部）后接可数名词复数，show此处作名词，意为“展览、展示作品”，复数形式为shows。picture shows表示“图画作品展、图画展品”。故填shows。 45．—How many ________ (tomato) on the table? —Eight. 【答案】 tomatoes 【详解】句意：——桌子上有多少西红柿？——八个。“How many”后接可数名词复数，tomato的复数形式是tomatoes。 46．Children come to zoos to see all kinds of ________ (animal). 【答案】animals 【详解】句意：孩子们来到动物园，观看各种各样的动物。animal“动物”，可数名词。all kinds of后接可数名词复数，故填animals。 47．His ________ (grandparent) often take care of him when his parents are busy. 【答案】grandparents 【详解】句意：他父母忙碌的时候，祖父母经常照顾他。空格前是形容词性物主代词“his”，后接名词。由于谓语动词“take care of”是原形，可知主语应为复数。grandparent的复数形式需在后面直接加s，故填grandparents。 48．How many dancing ________ (class) do you have every week? 【答案】classes 【详解】句意：你每周有几节舞蹈课？“How many”后面接可数名词复数形式，class的复数形式为classes。故填classes。 49．Travel brings a few fun ________ (discovery), like hidden paths in green mountains. 【答案】discoveries 【详解】句意：旅行带来了一些有趣的发现，比如青山中隐藏的小径。句中空前的“a few”意为“一些”，其后应接可数名词复数形式。括号内给出的提示词discovery是以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，其复数形式需变y为i再加-es，故填discoveries。 50．Every one of them has many ________, like reading, painting and cooking. (hobby) 【答案】 hobbies 【详解】句意：他们中的每个人都有许多爱好，比如阅读、绘画和烹饪。句中“many”后接可数名词复数，hobby的复数形式为hobbies，故填hobbies。 51．Grandma planted ________ in the garden. They grow well now. (potato) 【答案】 potatoes 【详解】句意：奶奶在花园里种了土豆。它们现在长势很好。句中“planted”为动词，意为“种植”，种了不止一个土豆，空处用可数名词复数作动词planted的宾语。potato的复数形式为potatoes，故填potatoes。 52．My mother asks me to help with some ________ (housework) after school. 【答案】housework 【详解】句意：我妈妈让我放学后帮忙做些家务。housework“家务”，不可数名词；some修饰可数名词复数/不可数名词，故填housework。 53．We go to school on ________ (weekday) from Monday to Friday. 【答案】weekdays 【详解】句意：我们周一至周五在工作日上学。on weekdays“在工作日”，固定搭配。 54．There are two new ________ (library) in our school. 【答案】libraries 【详解】句意：我们学校有两个新图书馆。two修饰可数名词复数，library的复数形式为libraries。 55．Please give my best ________ (wish) to your mum. 【答案】wishes 【详解】句意：请代我向你妈妈致以最美好的祝愿。句中“best”后接名词，固定搭配best wishes表示“最美好的祝愿”，wish表示祝愿时常用复数形式。 56．My mother is good at cooking different kinds of ________ (dish). 【答案】dishes 【详解】句意：我妈妈擅长做各种各样的菜。different kinds of意为“不同种类的”，后面必须接可数名词的复数形式。名词dish（菜肴）以sh结尾，变复数时要在词尾加-es，复数形式为dishes。因此填dishes。 57．Be careful with those sharp (锋利的) ________ (knife). 【答案】knives 【详解】句意：小心那些锋利的刀。句中“those”（那些）是指示代词复数形式，修饰可数名词时需用复数，提示此处应用knife的复数形式。knife是以fe结尾的名词，变复数时需将fe变为v再加es，故填knives。 58．We watch two basketball ________ (match) on TV today. 【答案】 matches 【详解】句意：我们今天在电视上看了两场篮球比赛。空格前有数词two，match需要变为复数形式matches。 59．There are two ________ (gentleman) talking under the tree. 【答案】gentlemen 【详解】句意：有两位绅士正在树下交谈。有数词two修饰，用复数名词，gentleman的复数形式是gentlemen。 60．There are five ________ (child) playing games at the birthday party. 【答案】children 【详解】句意：生日派对上有五个孩子在玩游戏。child“孩子”，句中数词five表示数量大于1，可数名词需要使用复数形式；child属于不规则变化名词，复数形式为children，符合语法规则和语境要求。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年七年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材译林版） Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle【刷语法】(重点语法提升练) 可数名词和不可数名词 一、可数名词变复数 1．规则变化 分类 构成方法 读音 例词 一般情况 加 -s 读 / s / 或读/ z / book bag pet boy 以s sh x ch 结尾 加 -es 读 / iz / bus brush box watch 以辅音字母加 y 结尾 变y 为i 加 -es 读 / z / family strawberry 以 o 结尾 有生命加 -es 无生命加 -s 读 / z / Potato hero photo zoo 以 f 或 fe 结尾 变 f 或 fe 为 v 再加 -es 读 / z / thief leaf wife knife 2．例外情况 1)以 ch 结尾加 s 的英语单词： stomach—stomachs 2)以 f 结尾直接加 s 的英语单词： roof—roofs gulf—gulfs belief—beliefs staff—staffs chief—chiefs proof—proofs 3)以 f 结尾两种变法都可的单词： scarf—scarfs / scarves dwarf—dwarfs / dwarves handkerchief—handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 3．不规则变化 1)单复数相同 sheep deer fish 2)a 变成 e man woman Englishman Frenchman 3)oo 变成 ee foot tooth goose 4)中日不变英法变，其余 s 加后边；German德国人，其复数形式为Germans 5)特殊变化 child—children ox — oxen mouse—mice 4．三个注意 1．英语中一些由两个部分组成的物体名词通常是以-s 结尾，如： pants，trousers，shorts，shoes，scissors，glasses 等。这一类名词， 如果不带单位词，通常用做复数； His new pants are black and white． 如果带有单位词，则需要根据单位词判定单复。 This pair of pants is cheap. Two pairs of pants are enough． 2．“形复意单”—虽有 s 但不是复数: physics，maths，politics，athletics， economics，news 3. 由两个名词组成的复合名词，复数时作为定语的那个名词通常都用单数形式，第二个名词用复数形式，以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数。 如：a boy student→three boy students a woman teacher→two women teachers 二、不可数名词 含义：不可数名词表示无法分清个体的名词，主要为物质名词和抽象名词。 物质名词： 液体类：juice，water，beer，coffee… 粉末类：powder，flour，sugar，salt… 食物类：rice，bread，junk food，butter，chocolate… 肉类：beef，pork，chicken，mutton… 抽象名词： information，money，work， advice，friendship，help， fun，health，furniture，jewelry，wealth，time… 不可数名词的特点： 1．前面不可以直接加不定冠词 a/an 2．不可数名词永远按单数处理Water is very important for people． Time is money． 3．当时间、金钱、距离或距离做主语时，后面动词用单数形式Four kilometers is a long way． 4．不可数名词也有量的表达: 数词/冠词+量词+of+不可数名词 ①个数：piece（张、片、块、条）a piece of apple pie ②容量：cup，bottle，bag，box， bucket two cups of tea three boxes of milk four buckets of water 四桶水 ③类别：kind all kinds of bread ④度量：kilo（千克，公斤）two kilos of oil 语法过关小测 满分：60分；时间：40分钟 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共40分） 1．—How many ________ are there in this ________ ? —Five. A．tomato; photo B．tomatoes; photo C．tomato; photos 2．—Would you like some ________ in your noodles? —Oh, yes. Just a little, please. A．potatoes B．mutton C．eggs 3．My ________ are blue. A．shoe B．shoes C．a shoe 4．The ________ games are very interesting. A．children B．children’s C．child’s D．child 5．—How many ________ do you see in the picture? —Eight. A．apples trees B．apple tree C．geese D．goose 6．Drawing pictures is one of my favourite _________. A．hobby B．hobbies C．a hobby D．the hobby 7．There are many ________ in our school. You can join one you like. A．club B．clubs C．club’s 8．I have two ________. They are Lucy and Lily. A．sister B．sisters C．sister’s 9．May I have more ________? It tastes so nice. A．carrot B．beef C．potatoes D．lemons 10．I’d like to buy ________. A．two kilos of meat B．two kilo of meat C．two kilos of meats D．two kilo of meats 11．There are many ________ in our school library. A．book B．books C．book’s D．books’ 12．How many ________ does a horse have? A．foot B．foots C．feet D．feets 13．You’d better ________ your teacher’s ________. It will help you a lot. A．take; advice B．take; advices C．taking; advice D．taking; advices 14．Lots of beautiful ______ light up the sky on every big celebration night. A．firework B．fireworks C．lantern D．lanterns 15．Please cut the pork into small ______ with a sharp ______. A．piece; knife B．pieces; knife C．piece; knives D．pieces; knives 16．There are many ________ in the vegetable field. A．potato B．potatoes C．potatos D．a potato 17．There are two ________ delivering letters on this country road. A．postman B．postmen C．postmans D．postmens 18．Lots of ________ grow fast in the warm and wet rainforest climate. A．bamboo B．bamboos C．cotton D．cottons 19．Many beautiful ________ and sunflowers grow beside the bamboo fence. A．rose B．roses C．cotton D．corns 20．We pick many green ________ from sunflowers in our yard. A．leaf B．leaves C．leafs D．leafes 21．Alice has good eating habits. She has ________ with every meal. A．fruit and vegetable B．fruits and vegetable C．fruit and vegetables D．fruits and vegetables 22．Look at the sign “No ________”. We can’t take photos here. A．photo B．photos C．photo’s D．photos’ 23．—I’d like to eat ________ and drink ________. —Let’s get some. A．sandwich; coffee B．sandwiches; coffee C．sandwich; coffees 24．Look! Three ________ are swimming happily in the small lake behind the farm house. A．gooses B．goose C．geese D．gooseses 25．—What can I do for you?    —I’d like some ________ and ________. A．sandwich; sugar B．sandwiches; sugars C．sandwiches; sugar D．sandwich; sugar 26．His nice ________ and kind character make him popular at school. A．looks B．hobby C．energy D．luck 27．I like ________. They are delicious. A．beef and tomato B．beef and tomatoes C．beefs and tomatoes D．beefs and tomato 28．There are many ________ in the photo. A．child B．children C．childs D．childes 29．This pair of ________ is nice. I want to buy it. A．shoe B．shoes C．sock D．glass 30．There is not much ________ on the small farm. A．sheep B．grass C．cows D．horses 31．I can see lots of ________ eating grass. A．grass B．cow C．cows D．horse 32．These ________ are cute. A．sheep B．sheeps C．sheepes D．sheepies 33．We do morning ________ every day; it keeps us healthy. A．exercise B．exercises C．a exercise D．an exercise 34．It’s only ten ________ walk from our school to the park. A．minute B．minutes C．minute’s D．minutes’ 35．There are three ________ and five ________ in the hospital. A．woman doctors; man nurses B．women doctors; men nurses C．women doctor; man nurse D．woman doctor; men nurse 36．There are some ________ and ________ on the farm. A．chickens; sheeps B．chicken; sheep C．chickens; sheep D．chicken; sheeps 37．We need to buy two kilos of ________ and three ________ for the party. A．tomatos; kilos of meats B．tomatoes; kilos of meat C．tomatoes; meat D．tomatos; meat 38．He has a lot of ________ in teaching, and he often tells us about his funny ________. A．experiences; experiences B．experience; experience C．experience; experiences D．experiences; experience 39．My ________ are broken. I can’t see the blackboard clearly. A．glass B．glasses C．a glass D．glassed 40．Can you give me ________ on how to learn English well? A．some advices B．an advice C．some advice D．many advices 二、单词拼写（每小题1分，共20分） 41．Look at these beautiful ________ (butterfly), they are dancing. 42．I love school because there are a lot of fun ________ (activity) at school. 43．I usually have two ________ (piece) of bread, a glass of milk and an egg for breakfast. 44．Look at all the colourful picture ________ (show) on the board. 45．—How many ________ (tomato) on the table? —Eight. 46．Children come to zoos to see all kinds of ________ (animal). 47．His ________ (grandparent) often take care of him when his parents are busy. 48．How many dancing ________ (class) do you have every week? 49．Travel brings a few fun ________ (discovery), like hidden paths in green mountains. 50．Every one of them has many ________, like reading, painting and cooking. (hobby) 51．Grandma planted ________ in the garden. They grow well now. (potato) 52．My mother asks me to help with some ________ (housework) after school. 53．We go to school on ________ (weekday) from Monday to Friday. 54．There are two new ________ (library) in our school. 55．Please give my best ________ (wish) to your mum. 56．My mother is good at cooking different kinds of ________ (dish). 57．Be careful with those sharp (锋利的) ________ (knife). 58．We watch two basketball ________ (match) on TV today. 59．There are two ________ (gentleman) talking under the tree. 60．There are five ________ (child) playing games at the birthday party. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $