考点03 冠词（七下复习讲义）-2026年暑假七升八英语难点梳理+精准提优专练（仁爱科普版）

考点03 冠词 考｜点｜梳｜理 1.不定冠词a/an的用法 （a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an 用于元音音素开头的词前。注意：区别元/辅音字母和元/辅音音素） 用法 示例 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类 My mother bought me a book. 用于首次提到的单数可数名词前 I went to the shop and bought a watch. 用于泛指人或物的身份或性质 A teacher can influence many students. 用于序数词前表示“又一，再一” After reading the story， he wants to read a second time. 用于替代弱化的one“一” I have an umbrella. 表示“每一”，相当于every He goes to the shop three times a week. 用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 He ate with a knife and fork. 用于物质名词前，表示“一杯、一份、一阵”等 What a heavy rain it was！ 【拓展】常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况 易混类别 示例 Aa an actor， an apple， an artist， an amazing singer， an American writer， an astronaut Ee an egg， an eight-year-old girl， an exciting job， an eleven-year-old girl 【易错】a European country i an idea， an interesting story， an important part o an old man， an orange one， an outgoing girl　【易错】a one-month holiday Uu an umbrella， an unusual experience， an unhappy girl， an ugly man 【易错】a UFO， a unit， a university， a useless/useful suggestion， a usual trip 英文字母前 26个英文字母中，前面用an的有：a， e， f， h， i， l， m， n， o， r， s， x（口诀助记：Mr. Li has one fox） 特别记 an honest boy， an hour， an honor， a hero 易混助记： ①在部分数词前要用an，主要有8，18，80，800，11等。如： An 18-year-old girl finished the dance competition successfully. 一个18岁的女孩成功地完成了舞蹈比赛。 ②In a university， a European and a one-eyed man walked with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具走着。这是一件平常之事。 ③An hour ago， an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task. 一个小时以前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，然后去完成一项光荣的任务。 2.定冠词the的用法 用法 示例 特指说话双方都知道的人或物 She went to the supermarket to buy some fruit. 用在单数可数名词前表一类人或者事物 The train goes faster than the bus. 指上文提过的人或物 There is a bed in the room. And the bed is mine. 用在next， last， same， only等词前 I’m the only child in my family. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前 The sun is shining brightly. 用于序数词或形容词和副词最高级前 He is the tallest boy in his class. 用于江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等名称之前 the Pacific Ocean；the Yellow River；the Yangtze River 用在乐器名称前 She likes playing the piano. 用于形容词前，表一类人或事物 The young should help the old. 用于姓氏复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人” The Greens will go boating with us. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall；the Summer Palace；the United States 用在年代前 in the 1980s 3.零冠词的用法 用法 示例 表示泛指意义的物质名词、抽象名词前 Money can’t buy you happiness. 在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、棋类、学科等名词前 have supper；play football；play chess；learn English 不可数名词、复数名词前（泛指某类人或事物时） Children like animals. 在星期、月份、季节、西方节日前 （注意：我国含有“Festival”的传统节日前，要加定冠词the，如the Mid-Autumn Festival） on Friday；in March；in spring；Mother’s Day 在称呼语、职位、头衔等名词前 We made him manager of the company. 人名、地名、街道名、城市名、州、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园等专有名词前 Beijing Street；Baiyun Airport 名词前已有this， that， my， your， some， any， every， each等限定词修饰时 My pen is much more expensive than yours. 与by连用的交通工具名词前 by train， by bus 4.易错提醒 　　在一些固定词组中，有无定冠词时意义区别很大。如： go to school 去上学 go to hospital 去看病 at table 在吃饭/用餐 in bed 卧床 next year 明年 in class 在上课 in front of在……（外部的）前面 go to the school 去学校 go to the hospital 去医院 at the table 在桌旁 in the bed 在床上 the next year 第二年 in the class 在班里 in the front of在……（内部的）前面 1.含有不定冠词的常见词组 ①动词词组 come to an end 结束　　　　have a good time玩得高兴　　　　　　have a cold 患感冒 have a headache 患头疼 have a try 试一试 have a look 看一看 have a bath 洗个澡 live a good life过好生活 keep a diary 记日记 keep a secret 保守秘密 make a living谋生 make a difference影响；有作用 make a mess弄得一团糟 make an effort作出努力 pay a visit to拜访 play a part参与；发挥作用 take a break/rest休息 take a message捎个口信 take/have an interest in对……感兴趣 give sb. a hand给予某人帮助 give sb. a lift＝give sb. a ride让某人搭便车 ②介词词组 for a while一会儿　　　　in a word总而言之　　　　in a hurry 匆忙地 in a loud voice大声地 in a moment 立刻 in a sense在某种意义上 with a smile 面带微笑 as a result因此 all of a sudden突然 ③其他词组 a few/little少量的；一些 　　a lot/number of 许多　　　　a great deal大量 a moment ago 刚才 half an hour 半小时 once upon a time很久以前 once a week每周一次 2.含有定冠词的常见词组 ①与时间相关的词组 all the time一直　　　　　　　　 all the year round 一年到头　　　 at the same time同时 at the beginning/end of在……开始/结束时 at the moment此刻 at the age of 在……岁时 in the morning在早上 in the past 在过去 in the end最后 the next day 第二天 the week after next下下周 for the first time第一次 ②与地点相关的词组 at the back/foot of在……的后面/脚下　　 in the middle of在……的中间　　 on the right/left在右边/左边 in/on/to the east of在……的东部 in the sky在天空中 all over the world全世界 ③其他词组 all the same仍然 by the way顺便问一下 in the way挡路 go to the cinema/movies看电影 have the flu患流感 make the bed铺床 make the team加入（球）队 on the whole总之；大体上 to tell the truth说实话 with the help of在……的帮助下 do the cooking/washing/shopping做饭/洗衣/购物 3.不用冠词的常见词组 at night/noon在夜里/中午　　 at home在家　　　　 at once立刻 at first/last 首先/最后 by mistake错误地 in danger在危险中 in fact事实上 on foot 步行 in time及时 on time 准时 go to school/work去上学/上班 have fun玩得开心 lose heart丧失信心 day and night夜以继日 day after day日复一日 hand in hand手牵手 face to face面对面 step by step一步一步地 arm in arm臂挽着臂 基础过关 1、 用所给单词适当形式填空 1．There is ________ (a) eraser and three bottles on the table. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：桌子上有一块橡皮和三个瓶子。there be句型需要用就近原则，谓语动词是is，故此处的“eraser”是单数形式。又因“eraser”是元音音素开头，需要用“an”，表示泛指一块橡皮。故填an。 2．She is ________ (a) American girl. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：她是一个美国女孩。a“一个”，此处泛指一个美国女孩，且“American”是元音音素开头的单词，故填an。 3．I read English for ________ (a) hour in the morning. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：我早晨读一个小时的英语。根据“I read English for...hour in the morning.”可知，空处缺少不定冠词，hour的发音为/ˈaʊər/，是以元音音素开头的单词，因此在其前要用不定冠词an。故填an。 4．You can enjoy the beautiful view outside the window at ________ (the) same time. 【答案】the 【详解】句意：你可以同时欣赏窗外的美景。根据“You can enjoy the beautiful view outside the window at ... same time.”可知，at the same time“同时”，固定短语。故填the。 5．The Earth is ________ (we) home and ________ only planet that supports life. 【答案】 our the 【详解】句意：地球是我们的家园也是唯一支持生命的星球。第一空修饰名词home用形容词性物主代词our“我们的”；第二空根据“only planet”可知，表示唯一的星球，用定冠词the修饰。故填our；the。 6．There is ________ (a) elephant in the zoo. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：动物园里有一头大象。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，elephant是以元音音素开头的单词，所以此处应用不定冠词an。故填an。 7．—Do you have _______ (a) e-mail address? —Oh, yes. It’s 12345@qq.com. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：——你有电子邮件地址吗？——哦，是的。是12345@qq.com。e-mail是以元音音素开头的单词，所以应该用an。故填an。 8．This is ________ (a) ID card. Is it yours? 【答案】an 【详解】句意：这是一张身份证。是你的吗？此处泛指一张身份证，用不定冠词修饰，“ID”首字母发元音音素，故填an。 9．It’s ________ quilt, ________ (a/an/the) quilt is white and yellow. 【答案】 a the 【详解】句意；它是一条被子，这条被子是黄白相间的。分析句子可知，第一空表泛指，且quilt是以辅音因素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a；第二空特指上文提到的被子，因此，此处使用定冠词the，表特指。故填a；the。 10．That is ________ (a) orange jacket. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：这是一件橘色的夹克衫。orange是以元音音素开头的，应用an修饰，故填an。 二、单项选择 11．Nick has ________ uncle and ________ aunt. A．a, a B．an, an C．a, an D．an, a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：尼克有一位叔叔和一位阿姨。 a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。“uncle”发音以元音音素/ʌ/开头，前面用an；“aunt”发音以元音音素/ɑː/开头，前面也用an。 12．Lisa can play ________ erhu well and she wants to be ________ musician in the future. A．the; a B．/; an C．the; an D．/; a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：丽莎二胡拉得很好，她将来想成为一名音乐家。 the表特指；a表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。play后接乐器名词时，乐器前需加定冠词the；musician是以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数，表示泛指“一名”，用不定冠词a。 13．—What can you do? —I can sing songs and play ________ ping-pong. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—你会做什么？—我会唱歌和打乒乓球。 a一个；an一个；the特指；/不填。在英语中，play后接球类运动名词时不加冠词，ping-pong是乒乓球，属于球类运动，故不加冠词。 14．She is ________ winner of a swimming talent show. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她是那个游泳才艺秀的获胜者。 a一个（泛指）；an一个（泛指）；the这个/那个（特指）；/不填。winner是可数名词单数，此处被介词短语of a swimming talent show修饰，特指该比赛的获胜者，应用定冠词the。 15．He can play ________ piano with his feet very well. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他能用脚很好地弹钢琴。 a一个；an一个（用于元音音素开头的单词之前）；the这/那（定冠词）；/零冠词。在英语中，play后接乐器名称时，乐器前需加定冠词the，固定搭配play the piano意为“弹钢琴”，应填the。 16．Liu Wei is ________ great singer and songwriter without arms. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：刘伟是一位没有双臂的优秀歌手兼词曲作者。 句中此处表示泛指 “一位”，空格后“great”是以辅音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用a。an用于元音音素开头单词前，the表特指，零冠词不适用，故填a。 17．This is ________ useful book. It tells us how to learn English well. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是一本有用的书，它告诉我们如何学好英语。 a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。空格后的词是useful，首字母为u，但读音为/ˈjuːsfl/，以辅音音素/j/开头，因此要用a，泛指“一本有用的书”。，a 18．I can play ________ guitar, but I can’t play ________ football. A．the; / B．/; the C．the; the D．/; / 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我会弹吉他，但是我不会踢足球。 弹奏乐器时，乐器名词前要加定冠词the，即play the guitar；进行球类运动时，球类名词前不加任何冠词，即play football。故选A。 19．________ Whites will visit ________ USA next month. A．The; the B．The; an C．/; an D．/;the 【答案】A 【详解】句意：怀特一家将于下个月访问美国。 考查冠词。the+姓氏+s表示“……一家人”；the USA美国，固定搭配。故选A。 20．_______ tiger lives in Asia. It is ________ very large animal. A．A; a B．The; the C．A; the D．The; a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老虎生活在亚洲。它是一种很大的动物。 考查冠词用法。the用在单数名词前表示一类人/物；a不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前。根据第一个空空后的“tiger lives in Asia”可知，此处指一类物，应用the；根据第二个空空后的“very large animal”可知，此处表示泛指，且空后的“very”是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故选D。 21．We usually have ________ lunch at 12:00 and play ________ basketball after school. A．the; the B．a; a C．/; / D．the; / 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们通常12点吃午饭，放学后打篮球。 a是不定冠词，用于泛指“一个”；the是定冠词，用于特指某事物。三餐前不加冠词，固定表达为have lunch，球类前不加冠词，固定表达为play basketball。故两空都不填。 22．Lucas likes playing ________ ping-pong, but her sister likes playing ________ erhu. A．/; / B．the; / C．the; the D．/; the 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Lucas喜欢打乒乓球，但她妹妹喜欢拉二胡。 第一空：球类运动、游戏名称前不加冠词，用零冠词。所以填/。第二空：乐器前通常加定冠词the。 23．I like playing ________ piano and playing ________ basketball after school. A．the; / B．/; the C．the; the 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我放学后喜欢弹钢琴和打篮球。 乐器名词前必须加定冠词the，球类名词前不加冠词，因此弹钢琴用play the piano，打篮球用play basketball。 24．My classmates and I often play________ football together. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我和我的同学们经常一起踢足球。a一个；an一个；the这个；/不填。根据“play... football”可知，在球类运动名词前不加冠词，固定搭配play football。 25．—Do you often play ________ basketball, Andy? —Yes, and I have ________ basketball. A．/; / B．/; a C．the; / D．the; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—安迪，你经常打篮球吗？—是的，而且我有一个篮球。 /零冠词；a不定冠词表泛指，用在辅音音素前面；the定冠词表特指。第一空，play 后接球类运动名词时，不加冠词，故不填；第二空，表示“一个篮球”，basketball为可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，表泛指，需用不定冠词 a。故填/; a。 三、完成句子 26．汤姆擅长画画，他长大后想要成为一名画家。 Tom ________ ________ ________ drawing and he wants to be ________ ________ when he grows up. 【答案】 is good at an artist 【详解】原句中“擅长”和“一名画家”是关键词，表示“擅长”的短语是be good at，主语Tom是第三人称单数，be动词需变为is。“画家”对应名词artist，该单词以元音音素开头，表达“一名”时要搭配不定冠词an。故填is；good；at；an；artist。 27．欢欢是一只小狗。(完成译句) Huanhuan is _________ ________ dog. 【答案】 a little/small 【详解】根据中文提示，此处缺“一只”，“小”。中文“一只”表示泛指，对应不定冠词a；“小”对应形容词little或small。修饰单数可数名词dog时，英语习惯将冠词放在形容词之前，构成“a+形容词+名词”结构。形容宠物小狗常用a little dog，带有可爱色彩；a small dog侧重描述体型小。故填a little/a small。 28．他是我们班第三个到校的学生。 He is ________ ________ student to come to school in our class. 【答案】 the third 【详解】原句关键词为“第三个”，对应英文的序数词third，前面需加定冠词the，构成“the+序数词+名词”的结构，表示顺序。故填the；third。 29．杜耒的一首诗中这样写道：“寒夜客来茶当酒。” ________ ________ by Du Lei reads,“I offer tea, not wine, to a guest on a cold night.” 【答案】 A poem 【详解】原句中“一首诗”是关键词，对应词组a poem。首字母大写。 30．有些老年人经常吃隔夜的剩菜剩饭， 但这不是健康的生活方式。 Some old people often eat overnight leftovers, but it is ________. 【答案】an unhealthy lifestyle 【详解】原句中“不健康的生活方式”是关键词，“生活方式”的英文表达是lifestyle；“不健康的”的英文表达是unhealthy，形容词修饰名词lifestyle。结合“it is”可知，此处用单数表泛指，且unhealthy是以元音音素开头，前面加an。 31．我们的教室里有个图书角，我们喜欢在那里阅读。 There is ________________ in our classroom. We enjoy reading there. 【答案】a book corner 【详解】原句中“一个图书角”是关键词，表示“图书角”的短语是book corner，book以辅音音素开头，因此“一个”用不定冠词a。故填a book corner。 32．秋游是一项令人兴奋的活动，我们可以学到关于植物的知识。 The autumn outing is ________________. We can learn something about plants. 【答案】an exciting activity 【详解】原句中“一项令人兴奋的活动”是关键词。“令人兴奋的活动”对应“exciting activity”，exciting以元音音素开头，冠词用an。 33．这学期我们有一次野外考察。 We ________ ________ field trip this term. 【答案】 have a 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“有一次”。have表示“有”，句子是一般现在时，主语是We，动词用原形；a表示“一个，一次”，修饰可数名词单数field trip。故填have；a。 34．他是一名科学迷。 He ________ ________ fan of science. 【答案】 is a 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空格处表示“是一名”；这句话描述客观事实，用一般现在时，句子主语“He”是第三人称单数，be动词用“is”；“a”用于辅音音素开头的“fan”前，构成“a fan of science”，表示“一名科学迷”，符合语境。故填is；a。 35．她每天花半小时跳舞。 She ________ half ________ hour dancing every day. 【答案】 spends an 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“花”和“半小时”。spend time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，根据every day可知句子是一般现在时，主语是She，动词用三单形式spends；half an hour“半小时”，hour以元音音素开头，其前用an。故填spends；an。 能力提升 一、完形填空 I’m a Chinese boy. I’m in Cao County now. My Chinese name is Zhao Junxi. My 1 name is Jerry. Look! What’s 2 in English? It’s a pencil. I can 3 it. P-E-N-C-I-L. Guess! What 4 is it? It is purple. And I like it very much. This is my yellow jacket. M is my size. But this one is very big. It is size L. This is my sister. 5 name is Linda. She is not a student. She 6 two years old. I have a 7 and my phone number is 674-8795. There are 8 people in my family. It is 9 happy family. My father 10 mother love us and we love them, too. 1．A．English B．Chinese C．family 2．A．she B．he C．this 3．A．say B．spell C．speak 4．A．color B．name C．number 5．A．Her B．She C．His 6．A．are B．be C．is 7．A．telephone B．card C．number 8．A．five B．four C．three 9．A．a B．an C．the 10．A．to B．and C．in 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者赵俊熙介绍了自己的中英文姓名、物品拼写、颜色喜好、衣物尺码以及家庭成员概况。 【详解】1．句意：我的英文名字是Jerry。 根据前文“My Chinese name is Zhao Junxi”，以及后文给出的是英文名Jerry，可知此处填“English”。“Chinese”中文，“family”家庭/姓氏，均不符合。 2．句意：看！这个用英语怎么说？ 根据“It’s a pencil.”可知，是询问事物，“What’s this in English?”意为“这个用英语怎么说？”，用“this”指代近处的事物。 3．句意：我会拼写它。 根据后文“P-E-N-C-I-L”，可知是“拼写”这个单词，故选spell。“say”说（强调内容），“speak”说（语言），均不符合。 4．句意：猜猜它是什么颜色？ 根据后文回答“It is purple”，可知问的是“颜色”，故选color。“name”名字，“number”数字/号码，均不符合。 5．句意：她叫Linda。 根据前一句“This is my sister” ，可知此处介绍妹妹的名字，用“Her”她的。“She”她主格，“His”他的，均不符合。 6．句意：她两岁了。 主语“She”是第三人称单数，描述年龄用“is+数字+years old”，故选is。“are”用于复数或you，“be”是动词原形，均不符合。 7．句意：我有一个电话，我的电话号码是674-8795。 根据后文“my phone number”，可知我有一个“电话”，故选telephone。 8．句意：我家有四口人。 全文提到了“我、妹妹、爸爸、妈妈”，故选four。 9．句意：这是一个幸福的家庭。 “happy family”要加不定冠词表示“一个”，happy以辅音音素开头，故选a。“an”用于元音音素开头的词，“the”表示特指，均不符合。 10．句意：我的爸爸和妈妈爱我们，我们也爱他们。 “father”和“mother”是并列主语，用“and”连接。 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出最佳选项。 Playing is what children do best! Ask them why they do it, and kids will probably say, “because it’s fun!” 11 it’s much more than that. It’s also good for them in many ways. Studies show that babies begin learning through play. They use the five senses (感官) to explore the new world 12 . For example, touching 13 them to find how different things feel. Colorful toys help develop a baby’s sense of sight (视觉). Toys also allow them to use their imagination. Sometimes 14 empty box is more fun than a high-tech toy. That’s because a box can become anything a child imagines it to be. Scientists give some good reasons for why children 15 play. Kids need exercise, and playing is the most natural way to get it. Playing outside is much healthier than 16 hours in front of TV or computer screen (屏幕). Active children do better at school too. Playing is 17 important for adults. More and more companies 18 its good side and trying to improve the working environment. They provide employees (雇员) 19 a game room, a pool and 20 fun areas. They believe playful employees are more imaginative and creative, and maybe good ideas will start out in the game room. 11．A．If B．And C．So D．But 12．A．they B．them C．their D．themselves 13．A．allow B．allows C．allowed D．to allow 14．A．a B．the C．an D．/ 15．A．should B．can C．may D．will 16．A．spend B．spending C．spent D．to spend 17．A．also B．too C．either D．neither 18．A．realizing B．realized C．realize D．are realizing 19．A．in B．with C．to D．for 20．A．others B．the others C．other D．another 【答案】 11．D 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．A 16．B 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了玩耍对儿童和成年人的诸多好处，科学家解释了原因，许多公司也在改善工作环境。 【详解】11．句意：孩子们会说“因为好玩！” 但它远不止于此，它在很多方面对他们有益。 前文“because it’s fun!”和后文“it’s much more than that”之间存在转折关系，应用“But”连接。 12．句意：他们运用五官去亲自探索全新的世界。 反身代词作同位语表“亲自，自身”，用来强调主语“They”，应用反身代词themselves。 13．句意：例如，触摸允许他们发现不同的东西感觉如何。 句子主语“touching”是动名词，视为单数，且文章时态为一般现在时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式“allows”。 14．句意：有时一个空盒子比一个高科技玩具更有趣。 此处表示泛指一个空盒子，empty以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 15．句意：科学家列出儿童应当玩耍的诸多合理理由。 “Scientists give some good reasons”表明这是科学家给出的理由，此处在提出建议或说明必要性，应用should。 16．句意：在户外玩耍比在电视或电脑屏幕前花费几个小时要健康得多。 than前后对比结构一致，前面Playing是动名词，此处也用动名词spending。 17．句意：玩耍对成年人也很重要。 本句为陈述句，空格位于句中，应用also“也”。 18．句意：越来越多企业正意识到玩耍的好处，努力改善工作环境。 “and trying”表明句子时态为现在进行时，结构为“be + doing”，主语“companies”是复数，be动词应用“are”。 19．句意：企业为员工配备游戏室、台球桌和各类休闲区域。 provide sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”，固定搭配。 20．句意：企业为员工配备游戏室、台球桌和其他休闲区域。 fun areas是复数名词，此处需用形容词修饰，应用other“其他的”。 三、选词填空 阅读下面短文，从框内六个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．a   B．from   C． and   D．but   E. with   F. of One fine morning, a crow (乌鸦) flew to a tall tree 21 a piece of meat in its mouth. It sat on the branch (树枝) and wanted to eat quietly. Just then, 22 hungry fox came by. He saw the meat and wanted it very much. He thought hard, and had a good idea. The fox looked up at the crow and said with a smile, “Good morning, dear crow! Your feathers are so black 23 shiny. You look so beautiful! Can you sing for me? I am sure your voice is the most beautiful of all birds.” The crow was very happy to hear these words. It opened its mouth and began to sing loudly. At once, the meat fell down 24 the branch to the ground. The fox picked up the meat quickly and ran away. He looked back and said, “My dear crow, you have beautiful feathers (羽毛), 25 you are not clever. Don’t believe flattery (奉承) easily!” 【答案】21．E 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．D 【导语】本文通过乌鸦轻信狐狸的奉承、弄丢嘴里的肉的故事，告诫人们不要轻易相信他人的奉承话。 【详解】21．句意：一个晴朗的早晨，一只乌鸦嘴里叼着一块肉，飞到一棵大树上。此处表示伴随状态，“带有，怀着”，填入介词with。 22． 句意：就在这时，一只饥饿的狐狸路过。“fox”是单数可数名词，且“hungry”以辅音音素开头，表示泛指用不定冠词a。 23．句意：你的羽毛既黑又亮。“black”和“shiny”是并列的形容词，表示顺承关系，使用连词and。 24．句意：肉立刻从树枝掉到了地上。此处使用搭配“from…to…”，意为“从……到……”，故选 from。 25．句意：我亲爱的乌鸦，你有美丽的羽毛，但你并不聪明。前后句意存在转折关系，使用but。 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入恰当内容或所给单词的适当形式，每空不多于 3个单词。 I love my school because I have some great friends there. They can do a lot of things. This is Helen. She can play the guitar very well, and we all like watching 26 (she) make great music. Every day, she spends lots of time 27 (play) it 28 the school band. Tom is very cool. He is happy 29 (make) friends with others. He says he wants to help me with my English. Charles 30 (do) well in sports. He can swim 31 play tennis. He can 32 (run) fast, too. Then this is my elder sister Alice. We are 33 (twin). Alice can run 34 (real) quickly, and she can play basketball and soccer. I always have 35 good time with them at school. 【答案】 26．her 27．playing 28．in 29．to make 30．does 31．and 32．run 33．twins 34．really 35．a 【导语】本文介绍了作者在学校的朋友们各自擅长的才能，包括音乐、体育等方面，表达了与朋友们在一起的快乐。 【详解】26．句意：我们都喜欢看她创作出美妙的音乐。作动词watching的宾语，需用人称代词的宾格，she的宾格为her。 27．句意：每天，她花很多时间在学校乐队中演奏。“spend time (in) doing sth.”意为“花费时间做某事”，play的动名词为playing。 28．句意：她花很多时间在学校乐队中演奏。表示“在乐队中”，用介词in。 29．句意：他很乐意和别人交朋友。“be happy to do sth.”意为“乐于做某事”，故填to make。 30．句意：查尔斯擅长运动。“do well in”意为“擅长”，主语Charles为第三人称单数，do的第三人称单数为does。 31．句意：他会游泳和打网球。swim与play tennis为并列关系，用and连接。 32．句意：他也能跑得很快。情态动词can后接动词原形，run意为“跑”。 33．句意：我们是双胞胎。twin意为“双胞胎之一”，主语we为复数，故用复数形式twins。 34．句意：爱丽丝跑得非常快。修饰副词quickly，需用副词，real的副词为really。 35．句意：在学校我总是和他们玩得很开心。“have a good time”为固定短语，意为“玩得开心”，故填不定冠词a。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考点03 冠词 考｜点｜梳｜理 1.不定冠词a/an的用法 （a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an 用于元音音素开头的词前。注意：区别元/辅音字母和元/辅音音素） 用法 示例 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类 My mother bought me a book. 用于首次提到的单数可数名词前 I went to the shop and bought a watch. 用于泛指人或物的身份或性质 A teacher can influence many students. 用于序数词前表示“又一，再一” After reading the story， he wants to read a second time. 用于替代弱化的one“一” I have an umbrella. 表示“每一”，相当于every He goes to the shop three times a week. 用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 He ate with a knife and fork. 用于物质名词前，表示“一杯、一份、一阵”等 What a heavy rain it was！ 【拓展】常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况 易混类别 示例 Aa an actor， an apple， an artist， an amazing singer， an American writer， an astronaut Ee an egg， an eight-year-old girl， an exciting job， an eleven-year-old girl 【易错】a European country i an idea， an interesting story， an important part o an old man， an orange one， an outgoing girl　【易错】a one-month holiday Uu an umbrella， an unusual experience， an unhappy girl， an ugly man 【易错】a UFO， a unit， a university， a useless/useful suggestion， a usual trip 英文字母前 26个英文字母中，前面用an的有：a， e， f， h， i， l， m， n， o， r， s， x（口诀助记：Mr. Li has one fox） 特别记 an honest boy， an hour， an honor， a hero 易混助记： ①在部分数词前要用an，主要有8，18，80，800，11等。如： An 18-year-old girl finished the dance competition successfully. 一个18岁的女孩成功地完成了舞蹈比赛。 ②In a university， a European and a one-eyed man walked with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具走着。这是一件平常之事。 ③An hour ago， an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task. 一个小时以前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，然后去完成一项光荣的任务。 2.定冠词the的用法 用法 示例 特指说话双方都知道的人或物 She went to the supermarket to buy some fruit. 用在单数可数名词前表一类人或者事物 The train goes faster than the bus. 指上文提过的人或物 There is a bed in the room. And the bed is mine. 用在next， last， same， only等词前 I’m the only child in my family. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前 The sun is shining brightly. 用于序数词或形容词和副词最高级前 He is the tallest boy in his class. 用于江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等名称之前 the Pacific Ocean；the Yellow River；the Yangtze River 用在乐器名称前 She likes playing the piano. 用于形容词前，表一类人或事物 The young should help the old. 用于姓氏复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人” The Greens will go boating with us. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall；the Summer Palace；the United States 用在年代前 in the 1980s 3.零冠词的用法 用法 示例 表示泛指意义的物质名词、抽象名词前 Money can’t buy you happiness. 在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、棋类、学科等名词前 have supper；play football；play chess；learn English 不可数名词、复数名词前（泛指某类人或事物时） Children like animals. 在星期、月份、季节、西方节日前 （注意：我国含有“Festival”的传统节日前，要加定冠词the，如the Mid-Autumn Festival） on Friday；in March；in spring；Mother’s Day 在称呼语、职位、头衔等名词前 We made him manager of the company. 人名、地名、街道名、城市名、州、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园等专有名词前 Beijing Street；Baiyun Airport 名词前已有this， that， my， your， some， any， every， each等限定词修饰时 My pen is much more expensive than yours. 与by连用的交通工具名词前 by train， by bus 4.易错提醒 　　在一些固定词组中，有无定冠词时意义区别很大。如： go to school 去上学 go to hospital 去看病 at table 在吃饭/用餐 in bed 卧床 next year 明年 in class 在上课 in front of在……（外部的）前面 go to the school 去学校 go to the hospital 去医院 at the table 在桌旁 in the bed 在床上 the next year 第二年 in the class 在班里 in the front of在……（内部的）前面 1.含有不定冠词的常见词组 ①动词词组 come to an end 结束　　　　have a good time玩得高兴　　　　　　have a cold 患感冒 have a headache 患头疼 have a try 试一试 have a look 看一看 have a bath 洗个澡 live a good life过好生活 keep a diary 记日记 keep a secret 保守秘密 make a living谋生 make a difference影响；有作用 make a mess弄得一团糟 make an effort作出努力 pay a visit to拜访 play a part参与；发挥作用 take a break/rest休息 take a message捎个口信 take/have an interest in对……感兴趣 give sb. a hand给予某人帮助 give sb. a lift＝give sb. a ride让某人搭便车 ②介词词组 for a while一会儿　　　　in a word总而言之　　　　in a hurry 匆忙地 in a loud voice大声地 in a moment 立刻 in a sense在某种意义上 with a smile 面带微笑 as a result因此 all of a sudden突然 ③其他词组 a few/little少量的；一些 　　a lot/number of 许多　　　　a great deal大量 a moment ago 刚才 half an hour 半小时 once upon a time很久以前 once a week每周一次 2.含有定冠词的常见词组 ①与时间相关的词组 all the time一直　　　　　　　　 all the year round 一年到头　　　 at the same time同时 at the beginning/end of在……开始/结束时 at the moment此刻 at the age of 在……岁时 in the morning在早上 in the past 在过去 in the end最后 the next day 第二天 the week after next下下周 for the first time第一次 ②与地点相关的词组 at the back/foot of在……的后面/脚下　　 in the middle of在……的中间　　 on the right/left在右边/左边 in/on/to the east of在……的东部 in the sky在天空中 all over the world全世界 ③其他词组 all the same仍然 by the way顺便问一下 in the way挡路 go to the cinema/movies看电影 have the flu患流感 make the bed铺床 make the team加入（球）队 on the whole总之；大体上 to tell the truth说实话 with the help of在……的帮助下 do the cooking/washing/shopping做饭/洗衣/购物 3.不用冠词的常见词组 at night/noon在夜里/中午　　 at home在家　　　　 at once立刻 at first/last 首先/最后 by mistake错误地 in danger在危险中 in fact事实上 on foot 步行 in time及时 on time 准时 go to school/work去上学/上班 have fun玩得开心 lose heart丧失信心 day and night夜以继日 day after day日复一日 hand in hand手牵手 face to face面对面 step by step一步一步地 arm in arm臂挽着臂 基础过关 1、 用所给单词适当形式填空 1．There is ________ (a) eraser and three bottles on the table. 2．She is ________ (a) American girl. 3．I read English for ________ (a) hour in the morning. 4．You can enjoy the beautiful view outside the window at ________ (the) same time. 5．The Earth is ________ (we) home and ________ only planet that supports life. 6．There is ________ (a) elephant in the zoo. 7．—Do you have _______ (a) e-mail address? —Oh, yes. It’s 12345@qq.com. 8．This is ________ (a) ID card. Is it yours? 9．It’s ________ quilt, ________ (a/an/the) quilt is white and yellow. 10．That is ________ (a) orange jacket. 二、单项选择 11．Nick has ________ uncle and ________ aunt. A．a, a B．an, an C．a, an D．an, a 12．Lisa can play ________ erhu well and she wants to be ________ musician in the future. A．the; a B．/; an C．the; an D．/; a 13．—What can you do? —I can sing songs and play ________ ping-pong. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 14．She is ________ winner of a swimming talent show. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 15．He can play ________ piano with his feet very well. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 16．Liu Wei is ________ great singer and songwriter without arms. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 17．This is ________ useful book. It tells us how to learn English well. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 18．I can play ________ guitar, but I can’t play ________ football. A．the; / B．/; the C．the; the D．/; / 19．________ Whites will visit ________ USA next month. A．The; the B．The; an C．/; an D．/;the 20．_______ tiger lives in Asia. It is ________ very large animal. A．A; a B．The; the C．A; the D．The; a 21．We usually have ________ lunch at 12:00 and play ________ basketball after school. A．the; the B．a; a C．/; / D．the; / 22．Lucas likes playing ________ ping-pong, but her sister likes playing ________ erhu. A．/; / B．the; / C．the; the D．/; the 23．I like playing ________ piano and playing ________ basketball after school. A．the; / B．/; the C．the; the 24．My classmates and I often play________ football together. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 25．—Do you often play ________ basketball, Andy? —Yes, and I have ________ basketball. A．/; / B．/; a C．the; / D．the; a 三、完成句子 26．汤姆擅长画画，他长大后想要成为一名画家。 Tom ________ ________ ________ drawing and he wants to be ________ ________ when he grows up. 27．欢欢是一只小狗。(完成译句) Huanhuan is _________ ________ dog. 28．他是我们班第三个到校的学生。 He is ________ ________ student to come to school in our class. 29．杜耒的一首诗中这样写道：“寒夜客来茶当酒。” ________ ________ by Du Lei reads,“I offer tea, not wine, to a guest on a cold night.” 30．有些老年人经常吃隔夜的剩菜剩饭， 但这不是健康的生活方式。 Some old people often eat overnight leftovers, but it is ________. 31．我们的教室里有个图书角，我们喜欢在那里阅读。 There is ________________ in our classroom. We enjoy reading there. 32．秋游是一项令人兴奋的活动，我们可以学到关于植物的知识。 The autumn outing is ________________. We can learn something about plants. 33．这学期我们有一次野外考察。 We ________ ________ field trip this term. 34．他是一名科学迷。 He ________ ________ fan of science. 35．她每天花半小时跳舞。 She ________ half ________ hour dancing every day. 能力提升 一、完形填空 I’m a Chinese boy. I’m in Cao County now. My Chinese name is Zhao Junxi. My 1 name is Jerry. Look! What’s 2 in English? It’s a pencil. I can 3 it. P-E-N-C-I-L. Guess! What 4 is it? It is purple. And I like it very much. This is my yellow jacket. M is my size. But this one is very big. It is size L. This is my sister. 5 name is Linda. She is not a student. She 6 two years old. I have a 7 and my phone number is 674-8795. There are 8 people in my family. It is 9 happy family. My father 10 mother love us and we love them, too. 1．A．English B．Chinese C．family 2．A．she B．he C．this 3．A．say B．spell C．speak 4．A．color B．name C．number 5．A．Her B．She C．His 6．A．are B．be C．is 7．A．telephone B．card C．number 8．A．five B．four C．three 9．A．a B．an C．the 10．A．to B．and C．in 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出最佳选项。 Playing is what children do best! Ask them why they do it, and kids will probably say, “because it’s fun!” 11 it’s much more than that. It’s also good for them in many ways. Studies show that babies begin learning through play. They use the five senses (感官) to explore the new world 12 . For example, touching 13 them to find how different things feel. Colorful toys help develop a baby’s sense of sight (视觉). Toys also allow them to use their imagination. Sometimes 14 empty box is more fun than a high-tech toy. That’s because a box can become anything a child imagines it to be. Scientists give some good reasons for why children 15 play. Kids need exercise, and playing is the most natural way to get it. Playing outside is much healthier than 16 hours in front of TV or computer screen (屏幕). Active children do better at school too. Playing is 17 important for adults. More and more companies 18 its good side and trying to improve the working environment. They provide employees (雇员) 19 a game room, a pool and 20 fun areas. They believe playful employees are more imaginative and creative, and maybe good ideas will start out in the game room. 11．A．If B．And C．So D．But 12．A．they B．them C．their D．themselves 13．A．allow B．allows C．allowed D．to allow 14．A．a B．the C．an D．/ 15．A．should B．can C．may D．will 16．A．spend B．spending C．spent D．to spend 17．A．also B．too C．either D．neither 18．A．realizing B．realized C．realize D．are realizing 19．A．in B．with C．to D．for 20．A．others B．the others C．other D．another 三、选词填空 阅读下面短文，从框内六个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．a   B．from   C． and   D．but   E. with   F. of One fine morning, a crow (乌鸦) flew to a tall tree 21 a piece of meat in its mouth. It sat on the branch (树枝) and wanted to eat quietly. Just then, 22 hungry fox came by. He saw the meat and wanted it very much. He thought hard, and had a good idea. The fox looked up at the crow and said with a smile, “Good morning, dear crow! Your feathers are so black 23 shiny. You look so beautiful! Can you sing for me? I am sure your voice is the most beautiful of all birds.” The crow was very happy to hear these words. It opened its mouth and began to sing loudly. At once, the meat fell down 24 the branch to the ground. The fox picked up the meat quickly and ran away. He looked back and said, “My dear crow, you have beautiful feathers (羽毛), 25 you are not clever. Don’t believe flattery (奉承) easily!” 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入恰当内容或所给单词的适当形式，每空不多于 3个单词。 I love my school because I have some great friends there. They can do a lot of things. This is Helen. She can play the guitar very well, and we all like watching 26 (she) make great music. Every day, she spends lots of time 27 (play) it 28 the school band. Tom is very cool. He is happy 29 (make) friends with others. He says he wants to help me with my English. Charles 30 (do) well in sports. He can swim 31 play tennis. He can 32 (run) fast, too. Then this is my elder sister Alice. We are 33 (twin). Alice can run 34 (real) quickly, and she can play basketball and soccer. I always have 35 good time with them at school. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $