Unit 3 Celebrations 语法(被动语态)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年北师大版英语必修一(新高一)新课预习

Unit3 Celebrations语法讲解与练习 五种时态的被动语态专项讲解 语态分为主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者； 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态核心结构：be + 及物动词过去分词(done)，时态、人称和数的变化全部体现在be动词上。 1. 一般现在时被动语态 结构：am / is / are + done 用法：表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作，或客观真理、客观事实（常用于节日习俗、通用规则） 标志词：often, usually, always, every year, sometimes, on festivals 例句：Many traditional festivals are celebrated all over China every year. （中国各地每年都会庆祝许多传统节日。） 2. 现在进行时被动语态 结构：am / is / are + being done 用法：表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的被动动作 标志词：now, right now, at present, these days 例句：Lots of decorations are being prepared for the coming Spring Festival. （人们正在为即将到来的春节准备大量装饰品。） 3. 一般过去时被动语态 结构：was / were + done 用法：表示过去某个时间发生的被动动作，动作已结束 标志词：yesterday, last festival, just now, in the past, yesterday evening 例句：A big party was held to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival last week. （上周我们举办了一场盛大的中秋庆祝派对。） 4. 过去进行时被动语态 结构：was / were + being done 用法：表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的被动动作 标志词：at 8 o'clock last night, at that time, yesterday afternoon 例句：The birthday gifts were being packed when I got home. （我到家时，生日礼物正在被打包。） 5. 现在完成时被动语态 结构：have / has + been done 用法：表示截止到现在已经完成的被动动作，对现在有影响 标志词：already, yet, recently, so far, since 2020, in the past few years 例句：Many new festival traditions have been formed in recent years. （近年来，许多新的节日传统已经形成。） 6.被动语态核心易错点（高一必记） *不及物动词（happen, take place, appear, break out）无被动语态； *被动语态中，动作执行者常用 by 引出，可省略； *进行时被动语态必须带 being，不可遗漏；完成时被动语态必须带 been。 【配套练习】 大题一：用所给词的正确形式填空 1. Traditional mooncakes ________ (eat) during the Mid-Autumn Festival every year. 2. Look! The classroom ________ (decorate) with colorful flowers for the New Year party now. 3. A wonderful celebration ________ (hold) in our school last Christmas. 4. At 7 o'clock last night, birthday cakes ________ (prepare) by my mother. 5. Many new customs ________ (develop) in our city so far. 6. All the festival gifts ________ (check) carefully before they are sent out every time. 7. These days, special lanterns ________ (make) for the Lantern Festival. 8. Thousands of fireworks ________ (set) off during the Spring Festival last year. 9. Many old festival stories ________ (pass) down from generation to generation till now. 10. When I arrived, the performance ________ (put) on by some students. 11. Delicious dumplings ________ (make) by my family every Spring Festival. 12. A new celebration plan ________ (discuss) by teachers at present. 13. All the guests ________ (welcome) warmly at the party yesterday. 14. Some traditional games ________ (play) during festivals in the past. 15. Many cultural activities ________ (organize) in our school since last term. 16. The streets ________ (clean) every morning before the festival comes. 17. Listen! New festival songs ________ (sing) in the hall right now. 18. A lot of photos ________ (take) when we celebrated the harvest festival last month. 19. Till today, many old traditions ________ (keep) by local people. 20. While we were walking outside, new houses ________ (build) for the festival. 大题二：单项选择 1. Every year, many kinds of festivals ________ in different parts of China. A. celebrate B. are celebrated C. celebrated D. were celebrated 2. Look! The gym ________ for the coming New Year show now. A. is being decorated B. decorates C. was decorated D. has decorated 3. A big birthday party ________ by my parents last Sunday. A. holds B. held C. was held D. is held 4. At that time, all the gifts ________ for the festival. A. are preparing B. were being prepared C. prepared D. have been prepared 5. So far, many new festival activities ________ in our community. A. organize B. are organized C. have been organized D. were organized 6. Paper cuttings ________ widely ________ during traditional Chinese festivals. A. are; used B. were; used C. have; used D. do; use 7. These days, special food for the festival ________ in many shops. A. is made B. is being made C. was made D. has made 8. Lots of lanterns ________ in the street last Lantern Festival. A. hang B. are hung C. were hung D. hung 9. Many old festival customs ________ well ________ up to now. A. are; kept B. have; been kept C. were; kept D. had; kept 10. When I entered the room, a festival video ________. A. was playing B. played C. was being played D. is played 11. Harvest festivals ________ in most villages every autumn. A. hold B. are held C. held D. were held 12. A new rule about festival celebrations ________ at the meeting now. A. is discussed B. is being discussed C. was discussed D. has discussed 13. All the visitors ________ friendly during the Spring Festival last year. A. treat B. are treated C. were treated D. treated 14. At 9 o'clock last night, festival performances ________ on TV. A. were being shown B. are shown C. have been shown D. were shown 15. Many traditional festival books ________ out in the past few years. A. are printed B. were printed C. have been printed D. print 16. Festive music ________ always ________ during holiday seasons. A. is; played B. was; played C. has; played D. does; play 17. Right now, new festival games ________ for students in the school. A. create B. are created C. are being created D. were created 18. Many beautiful pictures ________ during the festival last month. A. take B. are taken C. were taken D. have taken 19. Till now, thousands of festival stories ________ to children. A. are told B. were told C. have been told D. tell 20. While we were celebrating, more flowers ________ in the yard. A. were being planted B. are planted C. have been planted D. planted 大题三：汉译英句子翻译 1. 每年春节，家家户户都会打扫房屋。 __________________________________________________ 2. 此刻，学校正在为新年晚会准备节目。 __________________________________________________ 3. 昨天下午，一场精彩的中秋活动在我们学校举办。 __________________________________________________ 4. 我昨晚八点到家时，生日蛋糕正在被制作。 __________________________________________________ 5. 近年来，许多传统节日文化已经被年轻人传承。 __________________________________________________ 6. 节日期间，街上总是挂满漂亮的灯笼。 __________________________________________________ 7. 这些天，新的节日礼物正在被手工制作。 __________________________________________________ 8. 去年的丰收庆典被所有村民高度称赞。 __________________________________________________ 9. 迄今为止，我们学校已经组织了十多场节日活动。 __________________________________________________ 10. 昨天那个时候，节日歌曲正在礼堂里播放。 __________________________________________________ Keys （一）填空题答案+解析 1. are eaten 解析：every year为一般现在时，主语mooncakes为复数，一般现在时被动。 2. is being decorated 解析：Look! now为现在进行时，主语classroom单数，现在进行时被动。 3. was held 解析：last Christmas为一般过去时，主语单数，一般过去时被动。 4.were being prepared 解析：At 7 o'clock last night为过去进行时，主语cakes复数，过去进行时被动。 5. have been developed 解析：so far为现在完成时，主语customs复数，现在完成时被动。 6. are checked 解析：every time为一般现在时，主语gifts复数，一般现在时被动。 7. are being made 解析：These days为现在进行时，主语lanterns复数，现在进行时被动。 8. were set 解析：last year为一般过去时，主语fireworks复数，一般过去时被动。 9. have been passed 解析：till now为现在完成时，主语stories复数，现在完成时被动。 10. was being put 解析：When I arrived为过去某时刻，主语performance单数，过去进行时被动。 11. are made 解析：every Spring Festival为一般现在时，主语dumplings复数，一般现在时被动。 12. is being discussed 解析：at present为现在进行时，主语plan单数，现在进行时被动。 13. were welcomed 解析：yesterday为一般过去时，主语guests复数，一般过去时被动。 14. were played 解析：in the past为一般过去时，主语games复数，一般过去时被动。 15. have been organized 解析：since last term为现在完成时，主语activities复数，现在完成时被动。 16. are cleaned 解析：every morning为一般现在时，主语streets复数，一般现在时被动。 17. are being sung 解析：Listen! right now为现在进行时，主语songs复数，现在进行时被动。 18. were taken 解析：last month为一般过去时，主语photos复数，一般过去时被动。 19. have been kept 解析：Till today为现在完成时，主语traditions复数，现在完成时被动。 20. were being built 解析：While引导过去进行时语境，主语houses复数，过去进行时被动。 （二）单选题答案 1-5BACBC 6-10ABCBC 11-15BBCAC 16-20ACCCA （三）翻译题 1. Houses are cleaned by every family during the Spring Festival every year. 2. Programmes for the New Year party are being prepared by the school right now. 3. A wonderful Mid-Autumn Festival activity was held in our school yesterday afternoon. 4. When I got home at 8 o'clock last night, the birthday cake was being made. 5. Many traditional festival cultures have been passed on by young people in recent years. 6. Beautiful lanterns are always hung on the streets during festivals. 7. New festival gifts are being made by hand these days. 8. The harvest celebration last year was highly praised by all villagers. 9. More than ten festival activities have been organized in our school so far. 10. Festival songs were being played in the hall at that time yesterday. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $