Unit 2 Inspiring People (Grammar)（it作形式主语句型）核心知识点精讲精练-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

该初中英语讲义围绕Unit 1 "Changing World"核心语法it作形式主语句型，通过分类解析与例句示范构建系统知识体系，涵盖It be+形容词+to do sth.（含of sb./for sb.辨析）、It be+名词/过去分词+that从句等五大句型，清晰呈现语法逻辑与重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“随学随练+分层练习”的创新设计，随学随练通过单项填空（如“It is wise ___ you to make a budget”）和翻译句子即时巩固，基础与提升练习涵盖句型转换、合并句子等题型，培养学生语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。分层设计满足不同水平学生需求，助力教师实施精准教学，提升自主复习效率。

Unit 1 Changing World核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) (it作形式主语句型) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 it作形式主语句型 为了平衡句子结构，当句子主语较长时，英语中往往使用it充当形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式、句子等)放到句尾。 如：It is important to learn a foreign language. 学习一门外语很重要。 It is said that a famous scientist will come to our school to make a speech. 据说一位著名科学 家要来我校做演讲。 1. It be+形容词+ to do sth.  (1) 此句型意为“某人做某事是......的”，其中真正主语是后面的不定式to do sth.。be动词跟随时态进行变化。 (2) 此句型可以进行拓展： · 当形容词是描述的是人的特征、品质等时，可在不定式前加of sb.，拓展成“It be+形容词+of sb.+ to do sth. ”，意为“某人做某事是...样的”。常见的形容词有： honest(诚实的)；wise(明智的)；kind(善良的)；nice(友善的)；polite(礼貌的) clever(聪明的)；helpful(乐于助人的)；brave(勇敢的)；silly(愚蠢的)... 如：It is wise of you to make a budget every month. 你每月做预算，真是明智之举。 It is impolite of him to enter the room without knocking at the door.他没敲门就进房间不礼貌。 · 当形容词是表示事情具有的特征或客观情况时，可在不定式前加for sb.拓展成“It be+形容词+ for sb. + to do sth.”，意为“对于某人而言，做某事是...样的”。常见形容词有： important(重要的) ；inspiring(令人鼓舞的)；challenging(有挑战性的)；difficult(困难的) necessary(必要的)  ；interesting(有趣的) ；convenient(方便的)；dangerous(危险的) ... 如：It is impossible for us to finish the task on time. 对于我们来说，准时完成任务是不可能的。 It is dangerous for kids to play football on the street. 对于孩子们来说，在街上踢球是危险的。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) _________ careless of you to make lots of mistakes. A．That’s B．It’s C．It D．Is (2) It is interesting for students ________ part in the school’s Arts and Sports Festival. A．takes B．taking C．to take D．will take (3) —Was it wise ________ Li Ming ________ that decision? —I don’t think so. A．of; making B．for; making C．of; to make (4) The doctors tell us that it is important ________ a healthy diet. A．of us to have B．of us having C．for us to have D．for us having (5) ________ is very honest of you ________ the money you found on the playground. A．That; to return B．This; returning C．It; to return D．It; returning 翻译句子 (1) 她很勇敢，救下了那个小男孩。 (2) 他放弃这个机会实在太傻了。 (3) 对孩子们来说独自完成这项工作很难。 (4) 平衡工作和生活对我们来说十分重要。 2. It be +形容词+ that从句 (1) 此句型真正的主语是后面的that引导的主语从句，此句型中that一般不能省略。be动词跟随时态进行变化。 (2) 此句型描述某事(从句内容)是...样的，形容词常常是修饰事物所具有的特征的。常见的形容词有：important (重要的)；necessary (必要的)；possible (可能的)，likely(可能的)；strange (奇怪的) natural(自然的)；clear(明显的)；sure(确定的) 如：It is clear that we’ve made much progress. 很显然我们已经取得巨大进展。 (3) 当形容词表示愿望、建议、命令、请求、可能、重要、较好等含义时，that后的从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”结构，且其中的should可以省略。常见的形容词有：natural(自然地)；proper(恰当的)；reasonable(合理的)；advisable(合适的)；better(更好的)；necessary(必要的)；important(重要的)... 如：It is important that you (should) be here on time.你准时到这儿很重要。 It is necessary that every student (should) wear the school uniform.每位学生穿校服是有必要的。 (4) 有时候should翻译成“竟然”。 如：It’s surprising that he should be so foolish. 真令人吃惊，他竟然会如此愚蠢！ [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我们必须遵守校规。 (2) 小孩子喜欢玩耍是很正常的事。 3. It be+名词/名词短语+ to do... / that 从句 (1) 此句型中真正的主语是后面的不定式或that引导的主语从句。此句型中that一般不能省略。be动词跟随时态进行变化。 如：It’s our duty to protect the environment. 保护环境是我们的义务。 (2) 此句型常见的名词或短语有：  fact (事实)；pity (遗憾)；honour(荣幸)；shame (羞愧/可惜)；pleasure (乐事/荣幸) a good idea (好主意)；good news (好消息)；no wonder (难怪)；no doubt (毫无疑问) one's turn (轮到某人)；one's duty (某人的义务/责任)；one's job (某人的工作/职责)... (3) 当名词或名词短语表示建议、请求、命令、要求、遗憾、惊奇等含义时，that后的从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”结构，且其中的should可以省略。常见名词有： advice/suggestion(建议)；order(命令)；requirement(要求)；shame/pity(遗憾)；surprise(惊奇)... 如：It is my advice that he (should)be sent to study further abroad.我建议派他去国外进一步学习。 (4) 有时should意为“竟然”。 如：It is a pity that she (should) fail the exam.她竟然考试不及格，真是太遗憾了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) ________ a pity that many wild animals are in danger. A．It’s B．That’s C．It D．This is (2) ________ no wonder ________ you can’t find anyone here. They are all away to watch the final performance of the Art Festival. A．There’s; whether B．It’s; whether C．There’s; that D．It’s; that 翻译句子 (1) 今天轮到你打扫教室了。 (2) 在这里发表演讲是莫大的荣幸。 (3) 地球绕着太阳转是客观事实。 (4) 我们队伍赢了比赛，这是个好消息。 4. It be+过去分词+that 从句 (1) 此句型中中真正的主语是后面的that引导的主语从句，此句型中that一般不能省略。be动词跟随时态进行变化。 (2) “It be+过去分词”结构实际上是被动语态结构。 常用句型有： It's said that...  据说...... It's reported that... 据报道…… It’s expected that... 有望...... It's believed/thought that...人们相信…… /据信…… It’s hoped that... 人们希望... It's known that... 众所周知…… It's found that... 据发现……  如：It’s said that Mr. Green will be back next week. 据说格林先生下周回来。 It’s believed that tea is a symbol of Chinese culture.人们认为茶是中国文化的一种象征。 (3) 当动词是表示建议、命令、要求、请求等含义时，that后的从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”结构，且其中的should可以省略。常见动词有： suggest；advise；recommend；request；order... 如：It is suggested that we (should) plant more trees. 有人建议我们多种树。 It is required that everyone (should) arrive on time. 要求所有人准时到达。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) It ________ that people once used tree leaves to make paper. A．said B．is said C．says D．was said (2) ________ that basketball was invented in 1891. A．It believes B．It is believe C．It is believed D．It was believe (3) It ________ last week that the haze (雾霾) in Beijing caused many problems. A．reports B．reported C．is reported D．was reported (4) ________ is known to us all that the cost of renting a house in central Chongqing is higher than ________ in any other area of the city. A．As; it B．It; that C．As; one D．It; one 翻译句子 (1) 据说这台机器人因为病毒不能正常工作了。 (2) 我们有望在周末完成这个工作。 5. 其他常用句型 (1) It +不及物动词+ that从句 常见动词有：seem(好像，似乎)；appear(好像，似乎)；happen(碰巧)... 如：It seems that he has known the truth. 好像他已经知道真相了。 It happens that I met Mr. Brown this morning. 碰巧今天早上我遇到布朗先生。 (2) It +及物动词+宾语+ that从句 常见动词有：disappoint(使失望)；surprise(使惊讶)；excite(使兴奋)；trouble(使烦恼)... 如：It worries me that the boy is still missing. 那个男孩仍然下落不明，这让我很担心。 (3) It takes/took+ sb.+时间/努力/...+ to do sth.  此句型表示“做某事需要某人/花费了某人...时间/努力/...”。 如：It usually takes me half an hour to walk to school every morning.我每天早上步行去上学通常要 花半小时。 (4) It's no good/no use doing sth.  此句型意为“做某事没好处/没用”。 如：It's no use arguing with him. He won't change his mind. 和他争辩没用，他不会改变主意的。 It's no good worrying about things you can't change.为无法改变的事发愁没用。 (5) It is the+序数词+time+that从句 此句型中that从句的谓语动词通常用现在玩侧灰姑娘是 如：It is the third time that he has failed the exam. 这是他第三次考试失利。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —It ________ me 15 minutes to listen to English every morning. —That’s good. It’s necessary for you to ________ some time improving your English. A．cost; take B．spends; take C．takes; spend D．take; spend (2) It took me lots of time ________ a big meal for ten people and I was happy that everyone enjoyed it. A．prepare B．to prepare C．preparing D．prepared (3) ________ that she will win the game. A．It seems B．She seems C．It seem D．She seem (4) It’s no use ______ about things we can’t do. A．talks B．talking C．to talk D．talked 翻译句子 (1) 昨天大约花了我半小时步行去那个公园。 (2) 汤姆今天看起来好像感冒了。 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) —_________ important for him _________ a walk after dinner? —Yes, he needs to do more exercise to keep fit. A．Is it; to take B．Is that; to take C．Is that; taking D．Is it; taking (2) ________ seems ________ my sister doesn’t feel well today. A．It, that B．It, what C．That, that D．That, it (3) It ________ that the new library will be opened next month. A．is reported B．reports C．reported D．was reported (4) — Was it necessary ________ Mike ________ some pictures before helping the old? — I think so. In this way, he could help himself later. A．of; taking B．for; taking C．of; to take D．for; to take (5) ________ is a good idea ________ your English by reading aloud in the morning. A．This; improve B．It; to improve C．This; to improve (6) ________ took me two hours ________ to the airport because of the traffic jam. A．It; to get B．It; getting C．That; getting D．He; to get (7) —It was extremely honest ________ you to return the wallet that you happened to find on the street yesterday. —Thanks for your praise. I simply believe it is very important ________ all of us to do the right thing. A．of; for B．for; to C．of; to D．for; of (8) ________ isn’t safe ________ pandas ________ in the wild, we should protect their homes. A．That; of; to live B．It; of; living C．This; for; living D．It; for; to live 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) It’s fun _________ (play) outdoor games with friends. (2) It is ________ (nature) for rivers to flow to the sea. (3) It takes him half an hour ________ there. (walk) (4) It is ________ (danger) for you to drive so fast in the busy street on such a rainy day. (5) It ________ (take) me two hours to finish my homework last night. (6) It is meaningful ________ you ________ (donate) your old books to the children in the mountain. (7) It is ________ (believe) that tea was invented in China. (8) It’s ________ (say) that scientists haven’t found the best way to solve this problem. (9) It ________ (hope) that people could start all over again and build a better world on Mars. (10) It’s no use ________ (worry) too much about the exam. (11) It is ________ that the report will suggest some major reforms.(expect) (12) It was difficult ______ them to climb the high wall of rock. (13) It’s a pity ________ I didn’t watch the opening ceremony of the 15th National Games. (14) It is necessary ________ everyone to keep the environment clean. (15) It is careless ________ him to make so many mistakes. (16) It is brave ________ the fireman to save the child. 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 按要求完成句子 (1) To go swimming in summer is exciting. (改为 It is + adj. + to do 句型) _________________________________ (2) Alice was brave. She faced the Queen of Hearts. (合并句子) It’s brave ________ Alice ________ ________ the Queen of Hearts. (3) To learn animal protection knowledge is helpful for students. (把不定式作主语改成it形式主语) ___________________________________________________________________________ (4) To feed little wild birds takes the volunteer lots of time. （把不定式作主语改成it形式主语） ___________________________________________________________________________ (5) To balance our studies and hobbies is important.（把不定式作主语改成it形式主语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (6) Elderly people may not be able to take care of themselves. (用括号中的提示词和“It is + 形容词 (+ for/of …) + 不定式”结构改写句子)   (difficult / old people / take care of themselves)   → ______________________________ (7) I spent half an hour taking an online tour yesterday. （同义句转换） It ________ me half an hour ________ ________ an online tour yesterday. (8) Gilbert was so clever that he knew the answer quickly;  (根据句子意思，选用It’s adj. +of sb to do 或 It’s+adj. +for sb to do句型改写句子) It _________________________. (9) I saw Linda’s photo in the newspaper. It was amazing for me. (合并为一句) It was ________ ________ ________ ________ ______ Linda’s photo in the newspaper. (10) We should protect cultural heritage. It is our duty.（合并为一句） It is our duty ________ ________ cultural heritage. 2. 翻译句子 (1) 在开始一个项目之前，做好充分的准备是很重要的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (2) 减少塑料垃圾、治理污染是我们每个人的责任。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (3) 志愿者们在空余时间帮助无家可归的人，真是太善良了。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (4) 对很多来自国内外的游客来说，在扬州旅游很方便。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (5) 我们用自己的才能去帮助别人是有意义的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (6) 未雨绸缪是个好主意。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (7) 孩子们在这几天为父母做点好事是一个传统。 _______________________________________________________________________ (8) 对我们每个人来说，分享这份快乐的体验是非常有价值的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (9) 你们准备这么多礼物，真是太好了。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (10) 立刻保护海洋对于每一个人来说都是有必要的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (11) 你们带手机和地图去远足是明智的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (12) 你能在许多人面前说英语真勇敢。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (13) 谈论我们不能做的事情是没用的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (14) 人们相信每个人生来都具备学习的能力。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Changing World核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) (it作形式主语句型) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 it作形式主语句型 为了平衡句子结构，当句子主语较长时，英语中往往使用it充当形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式、句子等)放到句尾。 如：It is important to learn a foreign language. 学习一门外语很重要。 It is said that a famous scientist will come to our school to make a speech. 据说一位著名科学 家要来我校做演讲。 1. It be+形容词+ to do sth.  (1) 此句型意为“某人做某事是......的”，其中真正主语是后面的不定式to do sth.。be动词跟随时态进行变化。 (2) 此句型可以进行拓展： · 当形容词是描述的是人的特征、品质等时，可在不定式前加of sb.，拓展成“It be+形容词+of sb.+ to do sth. ”，意为“某人做某事是...样的”。常见的形容词有： honest(诚实的)；wise(明智的)；kind(善良的)；nice(友善的)；polite(礼貌的) clever(聪明的)；helpful(乐于助人的)；brave(勇敢的)；silly(愚蠢的)... 如：It is wise of you to make a budget every month. 你每月做预算，真是明智之举。 It is impolite of him to enter the room without knocking at the door.他没敲门就进房间不礼貌。 · 当形容词是表示事情具有的特征或客观情况时，可在不定式前加for sb.拓展成“It be+形容词+ for sb. + to do sth.”，意为“对于某人而言，做某事是...样的”。常见形容词有： important(重要的) ；inspiring(令人鼓舞的)；challenging(有挑战性的)；difficult(困难的) necessary(必要的)  ；interesting(有趣的) ；convenient(方便的)；dangerous(危险的) ... 如：It is impossible for us to finish the task on time. 对于我们来说，准时完成任务是不可能的。 It is dangerous for kids to play football on the street. 对于孩子们来说，在街上踢球是危险的。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) _________ careless of you to make lots of mistakes. A．That’s B．It’s C．It D．Is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你犯了很多错误真是太粗心了。 固定结构“It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.”表示“某人做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。 (2) It is interesting for students ________ part in the school’s Arts and Sports Festival. A．takes B．taking C．to take D．will take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学生们参加学校的艺术体育节是很有趣的。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It is interesting for students…part in the school’s Arts”可知，此处是“It is+形容词 +for sb. to do sth.”句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to do sth.。因此空格处应填动词不定式to take。take part in是固定短语，意为“参加”。故选C。 (3) —Was it wise ________ Li Ming ________ that decision? —I don’t think so. A．of; making B．for; making C．of; to make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——李明做那个决定是明智的吗？——我不这么认为。 根据“It is+adj.+of+sb.+to do sth.”，形容词wise用来评价人的品质特征，介词应用of；该句型中真正的主语为动词不定式，第二空应填to make符合题意。 (4) The doctors tell us that it is important ________ a healthy diet. A．of us to have B．of us having C．for us to have D．for us having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：医生告诉我们，对我们来说拥有健康的饮食是很重要的。 of us to have对我们来说；of us having形式错误；for us to have对我们来说（多用于评价客观情况）；for us having形式错误。固定句型“It is + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth.”。句中的形容词“important”（重要的）是描述后面所做事情的属性，而不是描述人的性格特征，故应用介词for引导行为的主体；再结合动词不定式符号to构成形式主语的真正主语部分，因此for us to have符合题意。 (5) ________ is very honest of you ________ the money you found on the playground. A．That; to return B．This; returning C．It; to return D．It; returning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你归还了在操场上捡到的钱，这非常诚实。 考查it作形式主语的固定句型。That那，指示代词；This这，指示代词；It作形式主语，无实际意义；to return归还，动词不定式；returning归还，动名词或现在分词形式。根据句子结构，此处应用“It is+adj. of sb. to do sth.”句型，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式“to return the money you found on the playground”作真正的主语，构成“It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.”句型，表示“某人做某事是……的”。故选C。 翻译句子 (1) 她很勇敢，救下了那个小男孩。 【答案】It is brave of her to save the little boy. (2) 他放弃这个机会实在太傻了。 【答案】It was foolish of him to give up the chance. (3) 对孩子们来说独自完成这项工作很难。 【答案】It is difficult for kids to finish the work alone. (4) 平衡工作和生活对我们来说十分重要。 【答案】It is important for us to keep a balance between work and life. 2. It be +形容词+ that从句 (1) 此句型真正的主语是后面的that引导的主语从句，此句型中that一般不能省略。be动词跟随时态进行变化。 (2) 此句型描述某事(从句内容)是...样的，形容词常常是修饰事物所具有的特征的。常见的形容词有：important (重要的)；necessary (必要的)；possible (可能的)，likely(可能的)；strange (奇怪的) natural(自然的)；clear(明显的)；sure(确定的) 如：It is clear that we’ve made much progress. 很显然我们已经取得巨大进展。 (3) 当形容词表示愿望、建议、命令、请求、可能、重要、较好等含义时，that后的从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”结构，且其中的should可以省略。常见的形容词有：natural(自然地)；proper(恰当的)；reasonable(合理的)；advisable(合适的)；better(更好的)；necessary(必要的)；important(重要的)... 如：It is important that you (should) be here on time.你准时到这儿很重要。 It is necessary that every student (should) wear the school uniform.每位学生穿校服是有必要的。 (4) 有时候should翻译成“竟然”。 如：It’s surprising that he should be so foolish. 真令人吃惊，他竟然会如此愚蠢！ [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我们必须遵守校规。 【答案】It is necessary that we (should) follow school rules. (2) 小孩子喜欢玩耍是很正常的事。 【答案】It is natural that children (should) love games. 3. It be+名词/名词短语+ to do... / that 从句 (1) 此句型中真正的主语是后面的不定式或that引导的主语从句。此句型中that一般不能省略。be动词跟随时态进行变化。 如：It’s our duty to protect the environment. 保护环境是我们的义务。 (2) 此句型常见的名词或短语有：  fact (事实)；pity (遗憾)；honour(荣幸)；shame (羞愧/可惜)；pleasure (乐事/荣幸) a good idea (好主意)；good news (好消息)；no wonder (难怪)；no doubt (毫无疑问) one's turn (轮到某人)；one's duty (某人的义务/责任)；one's job (某人的工作/职责)... (3) 当名词或名词短语表示建议、请求、命令、要求、遗憾、惊奇等含义时，that后的从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”结构，且其中的should可以省略。常见名词有： advice/suggestion(建议)；order(命令)；requirement(要求)；shame/pity(遗憾)；surprise(惊奇)... 如：It is my advice that he (should)be sent to study further abroad.我建议派他去国外进一步学习。 (4) 有时should意为“竟然”。 如：It is a pity that she (should) fail the exam.她竟然考试不及格，真是太遗憾了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) ________ a pity that many wild animals are in danger. A．It’s B．That’s C．It D．This is 【答案】A 【详解】句意：很遗憾，许多野生动物处于危险之中。 考查it固定句型。It’s它是；That’s那是；It它；This is这是。根据“… a pity that…”可知，此处考查It is+ a pity + that从句“遗憾的是……”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。故选A。 (2) ________ no wonder ________ you can’t find anyone here. They are all away to watch the final performance of the Art Festival. A．There’s; whether B．It’s; whether C．There’s; that D．It’s; that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：难怪你在这里找不到任何人。他们都去看艺术节的最后一场演出了。 考查It句型。There’s有；whether是否；that那个；It’s它是。“It’s no wonder that ...”是固定句型，意为“难怪……”。故选D。 翻译句子 (1) 今天轮到你打扫教室了。 【答案】It’s your turn to clean the classroom today. (2) 在这里发表演讲是莫大的荣幸。 【答案】It’s a great honor to make a speech here. (3) 地球绕着太阳转是客观事实。 【答案】It is a fact that the earth goes around the sun. (4) 我们队伍赢了比赛，这是个好消息。 【答案】It’s good news that our team won the match. 4. It be+过去分词+that 从句 (1) 此句型中中真正的主语是后面的that引导的主语从句，此句型中that一般不能省略。be动词跟随时态进行变化。 (2) “It be+过去分词”结构实际上是被动语态结构。 常用句型有： It's said that...  据说...... It's reported that... 据报道…… It’s expected that... 有望...... It's believed/thought that...人们相信…… /据信…… It’s hoped that... 人们希望... It's known that... 众所周知…… It's found that... 据发现……  如：It’s said that Mr. Green will be back next week. 据说格林先生下周回来。 It’s believed that tea is a symbol of Chinese culture.人们认为茶是中国文化的一种象征。 (3) 当动词是表示建议、命令、要求、请求等含义时，that后的从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”结构，且其中的should可以省略。常见动词有： suggest；advise；recommend；request；order... 如：It is suggested that we (should) plant more trees. 有人建议我们多种树。 It is required that everyone (should) arrive on time. 要求所有人准时到达。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) It ________ that people once used tree leaves to make paper. A．said B．is said C．says D．was said 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据说人们曾经用树叶造纸。 考查it的固定结构和时态。句子描述客观情况，故此处是结构it is said that...“据说”。故选B。 (2) ________ that basketball was invented in 1891. A．It believes B．It is believe C．It is believed D．It was believe 【答案】C 【详解】句意：人们认为篮球是在1891年发明的。 考查it固定句型。It is believed that…意为“据信……”，固定句式。故选C。 (3) It ________ last week that the haze (雾霾) in Beijing caused many problems. A．reports B．reported C．is reported D．was reported 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，上周北京的雾霾造成了许多问题。 考查固定句型。It is/was reported that...“据报道”，固定句型。结合“last week”可知，应用was reported。故选D。 (4) ________ is known to us all that the cost of renting a house in central Chongqing is higher than ________ in any other area of the city. A．As; it B．It; that C．As; one D．It; one 【答案】B 【详解】句意：众所周知，重庆市中心的房屋租赁成本高于该市其他任何地区。 考查it作形式主语和代词辨析。as像……一样；it它；that那，那个；one一个。根据“... is known to us all that ...”可知，空一要用it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语；再根据“the cost of renting a house in central Chongqing is higher than ... in any other area of the city”可知，此处是市中心租房花费与市里的其他地区租房花费作对比，且“cost”为不可数名词，故应用that来指代；it常指代同一事物，one指代同类事物中的一个。故选B。 翻译句子 (1) 据说这台机器人因为病毒不能正常工作了。 【答案】It is said that the robot can’t work properly because of the virus. (2) 我们有望在周末完成这个工作。 【答案】It’s hoped that we can finish the work at the weekend. 5. 其他常用句型 (1) It +不及物动词+ that从句 常见动词有：seem(好像，似乎)；appear(好像，似乎)；happen(碰巧)... 如：It seems that he has known the truth. 好像他已经知道真相了。 It happens that I met Mr. Brown this morning. 碰巧今天早上我遇到布朗先生。 (2) It +及物动词+宾语+ that从句 常见动词有：disappoint(使失望)；surprise(使惊讶)；excite(使兴奋)；trouble(使烦恼)... 如：It worries me that the boy is still missing. 那个男孩仍然下落不明，这让我很担心。 (3) It takes/took+ sb.+时间/努力/...+ to do sth.  此句型表示“做某事需要某人/花费了某人...时间/努力/...”。 如：It usually takes me half an hour to walk to school every morning.我每天早上步行去上学通常要 花半小时。 (4) It's no good/no use doing sth.  此句型意为“做某事没好处/没用”。 如：It's no use arguing with him. He won't change his mind. 和他争辩没用，他不会改变主意的。 It's no good worrying about things you can't change.为无法改变的事发愁没用。 (5) It is the+序数词+time+that从句 此句型中that从句的谓语动词通常用现在玩侧灰姑娘是 如：It is the third time that he has failed the exam. 这是他第三次考试失利。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —It ________ me 15 minutes to listen to English every morning. —That’s good. It’s necessary for you to ________ some time improving your English. A．cost; take B．spends; take C．takes; spend D．take; spend 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我每天早上听英语要花15分钟。——很好。你有必要花些时间提高你的英语水平。 考查动词辨析。cost需付费，物作主语；spend花费，人作主语；take花费，主语通常为it。分析句子结构可知，第一个空所在句为固定句式“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”，意为“做某事花费某人一些时间”，It为形式主语，真正的主语为空后的不定式结构，此处用三单形式takes；spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，是固定词组。故选C。 (2) It took me lots of time ________ a big meal for ten people and I was happy that everyone enjoyed it. A．prepare B．to prepare C．preparing D．prepared 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我花了很多时间为十个人准备了一顿大餐，我很高兴每个人都吃得很开心。 考查非谓语动词。“It takes sb.+一段时间+to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“做某事花了某人多长时间”，动词不定式是真正的主语，it作形式主语。故选B。 (3) ________ that she will win the game. A．It seems B．She seems C．It seem D．She seem 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看起来她会赢得这场比赛。 固定句型It seems that + 完整句子，it作形式主语；主语it为单数，谓语用seems；B、C、D 句式结构错误，故填It seems。 (4) It’s no use ______ about things we can’t do. A．talks B．talking C．to talk D．talked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：谈论我们做不到的事情是没有用的。 A. talks动词三单式；B. talking分词或动名词；C. to talk动词不定式；D. talked动词过去式。It's no use doing sth.是固定句型，意思是“做某事是没有用的”。故答案为B。 翻译句子 (1) 昨天大约花了我半小时步行去那个公园。 【答案】It took me about half an hour to walk to that park yesterday. (2) 汤姆今天看起来好像感冒了。 【答案】It seems that Tom has/catches a cold today. 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) —_________ important for him _________ a walk after dinner? —Yes, he needs to do more exercise to keep fit. A．Is it; to take B．Is that; to take C．Is that; taking D．Is it; taking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——晚饭后散散步对他来说很重要吗？——是的，他需要做更多的运动来保持健康。 考查it固定句型和不定式作主语。根据“... important for him ... a walk after dinner”可知，该句是一般疑问句，结构为it is+形容词+for+sb.+to do sth.“做某事对某人而言是……的”，it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故选A。 (2) ________ seems ________ my sister doesn’t feel well today. A．It, that B．It, what C．That, that D．That, it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妹妹今天似乎不太舒服。 考查it固定句式。固定句式：It seems that+从句，表示“似乎……”，故选A。 (3) It ________ that the new library will be opened next month. A．is reported B．reports C．reported D．was reported 【答案】A 【详解】句意：据报道，新图书馆将于下个月开放。 考查时态及It固定句式。It is/was reported that“据报道”，是固定句式；根据“that the new library will be opened next month”并结合选项可知，此处应是指现在报道将来发生的事情，句子时态为一般现在时，A项符合。故选A。 (4) — Was it necessary ________ Mike ________ some pictures before helping the old? — I think so. In this way, he could help himself later. A．of; taking B．for; taking C．of; to take D．for; to take 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——对迈克来说，帮助老人之前去拍些照片是必要的吗？——我认为是的。这样，他以后能帮助自己。 句型“It is + adj. + for/of sb. + to do sth.”中，形容词说明人的性格特征用介词of，说明事物的性质用介词for。necessary说明事物的性质，故第一空填for；It是形式主语，不定式作真正主语，故第二空填to take。 (5) ________ is a good idea ________ your English by reading aloud in the morning. A．This; improve B．It; to improve C．This; to improve 【答案】B 【详解】句意：早上通过大声朗读来提高你的英语是个好主意。 英语中常用it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，避免句子头重脚轻，This不能作形式主语，在“It is a good idea”后，真正的主语需要用不定式to do的形式，即to improve。 (6) ________ took me two hours ________ to the airport because of the traffic jam. A．It; to get B．It; getting C．That; getting D．He; to get 【答案】A 【详解】句意：因为交通堵塞，到达机场花了我两个小时。 考查固定句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”，意为“花费某人多少时间做某事”，该句型中，It作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth.。根据结构，第一空用It，第二空用to get。 (7) —It was extremely honest ________ you to return the wallet that you happened to find on the street yesterday. —Thanks for your praise. I simply believe it is very important ________ all of us to do the right thing. A．of; for B．for; to C．of; to D．for; of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你昨天把偶然在街上捡到的钱包还回去，你真是太诚实了。——谢谢你的夸奖。我只是相信对我们所有人来说，做正确的事情是非常重要的。 “It is/was+adj.+of/for+sb.+to do sth.”中，当形容词描述人的品格特征（如 honest）时，介词用of；当形容词描述事物或行为的性质（如important）时，介词用for。 (8) ________ isn’t safe ________ pandas ________ in the wild, we should protect their homes. A．That; of; to live B．It; of; living C．This; for; living D．It; for; to live 【答案】D 【详解】句意：熊猫在野外生活是不安全的，我们应该保护它们的家园。   考查固定句式及介词辨析。固定句型It is + 形容词 + for sb./sth. + to do sth.表示“对某人 / 某物来说，做某事是……”，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语；for用于形容词描述事物性质或特征的情况，of则用于形容词描述人的性格、品质等。第一空：需用形式主语 It；第二空：safe“安全的”描述的是“熊猫在野外生活”这件事的性质，应用介词for；第三空：根据固定句型，此处需用动词不定式to live。故选D。 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) It’s fun _________ (play) outdoor games with friends. 【答案】to play 【详解】句意：和朋友一起玩户外游戏很有趣。固定句型“It’s fun to do sth.”，意为“做某事很有趣”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，动词play应使用不定式形式to play。 (2) It is ________ (nature) for rivers to flow to the sea. 【答案】natural 【详解】句意：江河流向大海是合乎自然规律的。 本句为固定句型It is+形容词+for sb./sth. to do sth.，系动词is后需要形容词作表语。名词nature对应的形容词为natural，意为“自然的、合乎常理的”。 (3) It takes him half an hour ________ there. (walk) 【答案】to walk 【详解】句意：步行去那里要花他半小时。空格处在句中作非谓语动词。本句是固定句型“It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”，意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式，因此空格处需用动词不定式作主语。walk的动词不定式形式为to walk。 (4) It is ________ (danger) for you to drive so fast in the busy street on such a rainy day. 【答案】dangerous 【详解】句意：雨天在繁忙街道开这么快对你来说很危险。本句是It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.的固定句型，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，空处填形容词。故填dangerous。 (5) It ________ (take) me two hours to finish my homework last night. 【答案】took 【详解】句意：昨晚我花了两个小时完成我的家庭作业。句中last night意为“昨晚”，是一般过去时的时间标志，说明整件事发生在过去；本句使用句型“It takes/took sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”，时态需对应改为一般过去时，动词需用过去式took，故填took。 (6) It is meaningful ________ you ________ (donate) your old books to the children in the mountain. 【答案】 for to donate 【详解】句意：把你的旧书捐给山里的孩子对你来说是有意义的。“donate”，“捐赠”，动词。根据语句“It is meaningful...you...your old books”可知，“It is adj. for sb. to do sth.”结构，It作形式主语，故第一空需用介词for引出动作的逻辑主语you；第二空需用动词不定式to donate作真正的主语。 (7) It is ________ (believe) that tea was invented in China. 【答案】believed 【详解】句意：人们相信茶是中国发明的。“It is believed that...”表示“人们相信……；有人认为……”，固定句型。故填believed。 (8) It’s ________ (say) that scientists haven’t found the best way to solve this problem. 【答案】said 【详解】句意：据说科学家还没有找到解决这个问题的最佳方法。本题考查的是固定句型 “It’s said that…”的用法，表示“据说……”。故填said。 (9) It ________ (hope) that people could start all over again and build a better world on Mars. 【答案】is hoped 【详解】句意：人们希望可以重新开始，在火星上建立一个更好的世界。根据“It ... that”和所给词可知，此处考查结构It is hoped that... “人们希望……”，故填is hoped。 (10) It’s no use ________ (worry) too much about the exam. 【答案】worrying 【详解】句意：过分担心考试是没有用的。It’s no use doing sth.“做某事是没有用的”，是固定句式，此处用动名词形式worrying。故填worrying。 (11) It is ________ that the report will suggest some major reforms.(expect) 【答案】expected 【详解】句意：预计报告将提出一些重大改革建议。expect“期待”，是动词。此处是固定句型It is expected that“人们期望、预计……”。故填expected。 (12) It was difficult ______ them to climb the high wall of rock. 【答案】for 【详解】句意：对他们来说，爬上高高的岩壁很困难。根据“It was difficult”及“them to climb”提示，此处为“It is + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.”句型，for为介词，引出不定式的逻辑主语。 (13) It’s a pity ________ I didn’t watch the opening ceremony of the 15th National Games. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：很遗憾我没有观看第十五届全国运动会的开幕式。固定句型“It’s a pity that...”表示“遗憾的是……”，此处应用that引导主语从句。 (14) It is necessary ________ everyone to keep the environment clean. 【答案】for 【详解】句意：每个人都有必要保持环境清洁。在固定句型It is+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth.中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，形容词necessary“必要的”是描述“每个人保持环境清洁”这件事的性质，不是描述人的品格，因此填for。 (15) It is careless ________ him to make so many mistakes. 【答案】of 【详解】句意：他真粗心，犯了这么多错误。根据语境逻辑，此处是在评价某人粗心的品质。of是介词，用于固定句型“It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth.”，用来描述某人的性格、品质。 (16) It is brave ________ the fireman to save the child. 【答案】of 【详解】句意：消防员救孩子很勇敢。此处是在评价消防员勇敢的品质。of是介词，用于固定句型“It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth.”，用来描述某人的性格、品质。 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 按要求完成句子 (1) To go swimming in summer is exciting. (改为 It is + adj. + to do 句型) _________________________________ 【答案】It is exciting to go swimming in summer. (2) Alice was brave. She faced the Queen of Hearts. (合并句子) It’s brave ________ Alice ________ ________ the Queen of Hearts. 【答案】 of to face (3) To learn animal protection knowledge is helpful for students. (把不定式作主语改成it形式主语) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is helpful for students to learn animal protection knowledge. (4) To feed little wild birds takes the volunteer lots of time. （把不定式作主语改成it形式主语） ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It takes the volunteer lots of time to feed little wild birds. (5) To balance our studies and hobbies is important.（把不定式作主语改成it形式主语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s important for us to balance our studies and hobbies. (6) Elderly people may not be able to take care of themselves. (用括号中的提示词和“It is + 形容词 (+ for/of …) + 不定式”结构改写句子)   (difficult / old people / take care of themselves)   → ______________________________ 【答案】It is difficult for old people to take care of themselves. (7) I spent half an hour taking an online tour yesterday. （同义句转换） It ________ me half an hour ________ ________ an online tour yesterday. 【答案】 took to take (8) Gilbert was so clever that he knew the answer quickly;  (根据句子意思，选用It’s adj. +of sb to do 或 It’s+adj. +for sb to do句型改写句子) It _________________________. 【答案】was clever of Gilbert to know the answer quickly (9) I saw Linda’s photo in the newspaper. It was amazing for me. (合并为一句) It was ________ ________ ________ ________ ______ Linda’s photo in the newspaper. 【答案】 amazing for me to see (10) We should protect cultural heritage. It is our duty.（合并为一句） It is our duty ________ ________ cultural heritage. 【答案】 to protect 2. 翻译句子 (1) 在开始一个项目之前，做好充分的准备是很重要的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It's important to make full preparations before starting a project. (2) 减少塑料垃圾、治理污染是我们每个人的责任。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s the duty of every one of us to reduce plastic waste and control pollution. (3) 志愿者们在空余时间帮助无家可归的人，真是太善良了。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s very kind of the volunteers to help the homeless in their spare time. (4) 对很多来自国内外的游客来说，在扬州旅游很方便。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is very convenient for many tourists from home and abroad to travel in Yangzhou. (5) 我们用自己的才能去帮助别人是有意义的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s meaningful for us to help others with our own talents. (6) 未雨绸缪是个好主意。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s a good idea to save for a rainy day. (7) 孩子们在这几天为父母做点好事是一个传统。 _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is a tradition for children to do something good for their parents these days. (8) 对我们每个人来说，分享这份快乐的体验是非常有价值的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is very valuable for each of us to share this happy experience. (9) 你们准备这么多礼物，真是太好了。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s very kind of you to prepare so many gifts. (10) 立刻保护海洋对于每一个人来说都是有必要的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s necessary for everyone to protect the ocean at once. (11) 你们带手机和地图去远足是明智的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is wise of you to go hiking with your mobile phones and maps. (12) 你能在许多人面前说英语真勇敢。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s really brave of you to speak English in front of many people. (13) 谈论我们不能做的事情是没用的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is no use talking about things we can't do. (14) 人们相信每个人生来都具备学习的能力。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s believed/thought that everyone is born with the ability to learn. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $