2023年新课标Ⅰ卷高频词汇注释长难句成分划分-【闪过高考】英语真题

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (新课标I卷) 阅读理解 重难句)【Q21,设题】 段[2]3句 We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety,including basic bikes with foot brake () bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡)，bikes with child seats,and children's bikes..我们提 供种类丰富的最新款自行车，包括基础款脚刹自行车、手刹变速款自行车、配有儿童座椅 的自行车以及儿童自行车。 并列结构 。词汇重点 variety*[va'rarti的n.种类；品种 including[n'klu:d]prep.包括 0语法剖析 本句是一个简单句。主语是We,谓语是offer,.宾语是the newest bicycles;介词短语in a wide variety 作后置定语，修饰the newest bicycles;:介词短语including basic bikes..and children's bikes补充说明the newest bicycles in a wide variety(其中，介词短语with foot brake作后置定语，修饰basic bikes;介词 短语with hand brake and gears和with child seats均作后置定语，分别修饰其前的bikes)。 7 重点句2)Q23:设题】 段[4]2句 The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour,starting at 1:00 pm every day. 游览行程每天下午1点开始，每小时整点从水坝广场出发。 。词汇重点 depart[dipa:t]t.&vi.出发；离开 on the hour每逢整点 ④语法剖析 本句是一个简单句。主语是The tour,谓语是departs;:介词短语from Dam Square作地点状语；名词 短语every hour和介词短语on the hour均作时间状语；现在分词短语starting at 1:O0 pm every day作状 语（其中介词短语atl:O0pm和名词短语every day均作时间状语)。 B 。 重点句3【Q24:设题】 段[1]0句 When John Todd was a child,he loved to explore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved problems.John Todd小时候喜欢探索自家周围的树林，观察大自然如何解决 问题。 注“★”为高频词和中频词，“☆”为低频词，“补”为补充词，“僻”为熟词僻义；“Qx”表示题目序号 学英语，用“闪过”！快上加快！ 。词汇重点 observe*[ab'z3:v]t.&vi.观察；注视 ⊙语法剖析 级从句 时间状从When John Todd was a child When引导的时间状语从句，作主句的时间状语 介词短语作后置定语，修饰the woods 主 句 (时间状从)，he loved to explore the woods「around his house],「observing(宾从)」. 主谓 宾 现在分词短语作状语 how引导的宾语从句，作observing的宾语 一级从句 宾从how nature solved problems 重难句4)【Q24:设题】 段[1]3句 When he got older,John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.长大后，John开始思考这一过程是否可以用来清理人类造成的 污染。 嵌套结构 。词汇重点 wonder*[wAnd(】vt&vi.琢磨；想知道 process*[prauses]n.过程；进程 ⊙语法剖析 级从句 时间状从When he got older When引导的时间状语从句，作主句的时间状语 (时间状从)，John started to wonder.(宾从) 句 主 谓 宾 if引导的宾语从句，作wonder的宾语 心动词不定式短语作目的状语 一级从句 宾从if this process could be used「to clean up the messes.(定从)」. 省略关系词(which/that)的限定性定语从句，修饰the messes 二级从句 定从which/that people were making 重点句5【Q24:设题】 段[2]0句 After studying agriculture,medicine,and fisheries in college,John went back to observing nature and asking questions..在大学学习农学、医学和渔业知识之后，John重新开始观察自 然、提出问题。 并列结构 。词汇重点 agriculture*['aegrikAlt(r]n.农学；农业 fishery称[fi]n.渔业；水产养殖业 2 2023年·重点词句精讲 ©语法剖析 l介词短语作后置定语，修饰The key finding 多 The key finding「of the study」was.(表从) 主 系 表 ,that引导的表语从句 介词短语作后置定语，修饰the averages than作比较状语 表从that.(时间状从)，the averages「from these groups」 were more accurate than 一级从句 those「from an equal number of independent individuals】」. |介词短语作后置定语，修饰thoe when引导的时间状语从句 二级从句 ·介词短语作状语 时间状从when crowds were further divided「into smaller groups.(定从)」 that引导的限定性定语从句，修饰smaller groups 门主语补足语，补充说明that 三级从句 定从that were allowed to have a discussion 重点句18 【Q34·设题】 段[4]0句 In a follow-up study with 100 university students,the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion.在一项针对l00名大学生的后续研 究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。 。词汇重点 sense*[sens]n.理解力；判断力 actually*['ektfuali]ad..实际上；真实地 6语法剖析 本句是一个包含宾语从句的复合句。主句的主语是the researchers,谓语是tried,动词不定式短语to get a better sense of..discussion作宾语；介词短语In a follow-up study with 100 university students作状语， 其中，介词短语with 100 university students作后置定语，修饰a follow-up study。what引导的宾语从 句“what the group members actually did in their discussion'”作介词of的宾语，其中，主语是the group members,谓语是did,宾语是what;副词actually作状语；介词短语in their discussion作状语。 七选五 重点句①) 【Q36·设题】 段[1]3句 It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.对自己宽容一些同样重要。 。词汇重点 forgiveness补[fa'grvnas]n.宽恕；原谅 ④语法剖析 本句是一个简单句。It为形式主语，动词不定式短语to show yourself some forgiveness作真正的主语， 系动词是is,表语是as important;副词just作状语。 学英语，用“闪过”！快上加快！ 重点句2)【Q37:设题】 段[2]2句 Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself..现在列出所有你喜欢的自身特质。 。词汇重点 characteristic*[kaerakta'ristrk]n.特，点；特征 ④语法剖析 介词短语作后置定语，修饰all the characteristics 主 句 Now list all the characteristics…(定从)「about yourself」. 谓 宾 省略关系词(that)的限定性定语从句， 修饰all the characteristics 级从句 定从that you like 重难句3 段[3]3句 It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework,when you did the ironing without being asked,.or when you baked cookies after the family hadhad a tiring day.可能是你 辅助朋友完成家庭作业的时候，可能是你主动熨烫衣服的时候，也可能是在家人度过疲惫的 一天后你烘烤饼干的时候。 嵌套结构+并列结构 。词汇重点 ironing补['aran四]n.熨烫 bake补berk]v.&vi.烘烤；焙 ⊙语法剖析 级从句 定从I when you helped a friend「with their homework」 《介词短语作状语 when引导的限定性定语从句，修饰the time It might be the time.(定从1)，.（定从2)，or（定从3) 主 句 举 when引导的限定性定语从句，修饰the time 定从2 when you did the ironing「without being asked」 〔介词短语作状语 级从句 when引导的限定性定语从句，修饰the time 定从3 when you baked cookies.(时间状从) after引导的时间状语从句 二级从句 时间状从after the family hadhad a tiring day 重点句4) 【Q38·设题】 段[3]④句 Whatever it is,no matter how small it might seem,write it down.不管是什么事，不管它看起 来多么微不足道，都把它写下来。 2023年·重点词句精讲 ④语法剖析 级从句 让步状从1 Whatever it is Whatever引导的让步状语从句，作主句的让步状语 主 句 (让步状从1)，.（让步状从2），write it down 谓宾 no matter how引导的让步状语从句，作主句的让步状语 级从句 让步状从2 no matter how small it might seem 重点句5 【Q39·设题】 段[4]2句 They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise..他们甚至可能想要尝试做这个练习。 。词汇重点 have a go at doing sth.尝试，试图（做某事） ⊙语法剖析 本句是一个简单句。主语是They,谓语是might..like,动词不定式短语to have a go at doing the exercise作宾语；副词even作状语。 重难句6 段[4]3句 That way,you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.这样一来，你们就可以交流彼此眼中对方的特别之处， 以及各自个性中闪光的方面。 并列结构 。词汇重点 exchange*[ks'tend3]vt.交流；交换 shine through显现出来；很明显 ④语法剖析 级从句 宾从what makes each of you special what引导的宾语从句， 作on的宾语 产方式状语 「That way.」，you could exchange thoughts「on.(宾从)and the aspects of your 主 句 主 谓 宾 介词短语作后置定语，修饰thoughts personality.(定从)」. that引导的限定性定语从句，修饰the aspects 一级从句 定从that shine through 语法重点名词短语the aspects of your personality that shine through中，介词短语of your personality 作后置定语，修饰the aspects。 重点句7刀【Q40:设题】 段[5]3句 Whatever the mistake,remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.无论犯了什么错 误，记住它并不是你个性中固定不变的部分。 省略 9 学英语，用“闪过”！快上加快！ 。词汇重点 fixed补[fkst]a.固定的；不变的 ⑥语法剖析 级从句 让步状从Whatever the mistake图 Whatever引导的让步状语从句，作主句的让步状语 主 句 (让步状从)，remember.(宾从) 谓 宾 省略引导词(that)的宾语从句，作remember的宾语 介词短语作后置定语，修饰a fixed aspect 级从句 宾从that it isn't a fixed aspect「of your personality」. 完形填空 重难句)【Q44:设题】 段[2]0句 As reported by a local newspaper,Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain..据当地报纸报道，Bailey在完成 超过三分之二的比赛赛程时，她前面的一名选手突然因疼痛而哭了起来。 省略 ©语法剖析 产介词by引出动作的发出者 级从句 定从As wasreported「by a local newspaper] As引导的非限定性定语从句，补充说明主句 介词短语作后置定语，修饰the way 句 .(定从)，Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way「through her race.」（时间状从） 主 系 表 when引导的时间状语从句，作主句的时间状语 介词短语作状语 一级从句 时间状从when a runner『in front of her」began crying「in pain」， 介词短语作后置定语，修饰a runner 重难句2 【Q47、48·设题】 段[2]6句 Bailey then bent down4 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line,then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical 4 attention., Bailey弯下腰让Lenoue爬到自己的背上，一路背着她到达终点线，然后又走了300英尺（约 91米)，到达Lenoue可以得到医疗救助的地方。 并列结构 。词汇重点 bend down弯下腰 attention*[s'tenn]n.照料；关注 10 2023年·重点词句精讲 ©语法剖析 动词不定式短语作目的状语 Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her 主 谓1 谓2宾2 主 句 介词短语作状语 ￠名词短语作状语 all the way」「to the finish line」，then「another300feet」「to.(宾从)」. 名词短语作状语 介词短语作状语 where引导的宾语从句，作介词to的宾语 一级从句 宾从where Lenoue could get medical attention 重雅句3【Q49:设题】 段3]0句 Once there,Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital,where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees..一到那里，Lenoue（的伤情)就得到了评估，随后 被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一侧膝盖严重受伤。 嵌套结构+省略+并列结构 。词汇重点 assess*[e'ses]t.评估；核定 injury*[nd3ri]n.受伤；损伤 ④语法剖析 级从句 时间状从Once she was there Once引导的时间状语从句 介词短语作地点状语了 主 句 .(时间状从)，Lenoue was assessed and later was taken「to a hospital,…(定从)」. 主 谓1 谓2 where引导的非限定性定语从句，补充说明a hospital 级从句 定从where she learned.(宾从) that引导的宾语从句，作learned的宾语 二级从句 宾从that she had serious injuries「in one of her knees] 《介词短语作地，点状语 语法填空 重难句) 【Q57、58·设题】 段[1]3句 To eat one,you have to decide whether to bitea small hole in it first,releasing the steam and risking a spill ()or 5 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth,letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌头).要吃一个小笼包，你得决定是先咬一个小洞，释放出蒸汽 并冒着汤汁溢出的风险，还是将其整个放进嘴里，让热汤在你的舌头上爆开。 并列结构 11 学英语，用“闪过”！快上加快！ 。词汇重点 bite*[batt.&vi.咬；叮 risk*[rsk]t,冒…的风险 spi[spl山]n.溢出；洒出 explode产[k'splaud]vt..&vi.爆裂；爆炸 ©语法剖析 本句是一个简单句。主语是you,谓语是have to decide,whether..or连接并列的动词不定式短语to bite a small hole in it first和to put the whole dumpling in your mouth作have to decide的宾语；and连接并列 的现在分词短语releasing the steam和risking a spill作动词不定式短语to bite..first的状语；现在分词 短语letting the hot soup explode on your tongue作动词不定式短语to put..,mouth的状语。句首的动词不 定式短语To eat one作目的状语。 重难句2)【Q64、65·设题】 段[4]0句 No matter where I buy them,though,one steamer basket is rarely enough,yet two seems greedy,so I am always left wanting5 more next time..不过，无论我在哪里买小笼包，一 笼很少够吃，但两笼又显得贪心，所以我总是吃完后还想着下次多吃，点。 并列结构 。词汇重点 rarely补[reoli]ad.很少；不常 greedy[gri:dia.贪心的；贪婪的 ©语法剖析 级从句 让步状从No matter where I buy them No matter where引导的让步状语从句 .(让步状从)，though,(I)①one steamer basket is rarely enough, 插入语 系 表 yet连接的并列句，yet表转折 (1)2yet two seems greedy, 主 句 主系 表 s0连接的并列句，S0表因果 主语补足语，补充说明1 (2)so I am always left wanting more next time. 谓 12