高考英语写作高级替换素材+写作常见通用句式-【闪过高考词汇】高考英语词汇清单

高级替换类别有哪些？ 一篇经典的文章离不开佳句的支撑，而一个佳句则会因好词而出彩。在保证句子正确 的基础上，我们应精心锤炼并选用“高级”词汇，提升句子质量，从而提升整篇文章的“形 象”。为了帮助你在写作题型上取得高分，编者总结了几种常见的高级替换类别，具体内 容如下表所示： 类别 示例 单词 中文翻译：独居老人需要更多的照顾。 替换 基础表达：The old people living alone need more care. 词 高级表达：The old people living alone require more care. 中文翻译：首先，我们应该重复使用购物袋。 类 基础表达：First,we should reuse shopping bags. 搭配 高级表达：First of a,we should reuse shopping bags. 换 替换 中文翻译：玛丽总能想出新点子。 基础表达：Mary always thinks of new ideas.. 高级表达：Mary always comes up with new ideas,. 中文翻译：中国有许多长河。 There be 基础表达：China has many long rivers, 句型替换 高级表达：There are many long rivers in China. 中文翻译：学习英语对我们来说很重要。 t句型 替换 基础表达：Learning English is very important for us.. 句 高级表达：It is very important for us to learn English 子 中文翻译：那部电影很有趣。 感叹句 基础表达：The movie is interesting 替换 替 高级表达：How interesting the movie is! 换 中文翻译：或许亲情是最重要的东西。 否定句 替换 基a础表达：Perhaps family love is the most important thing. 高级表达：Perhaps nothing is more important than family love. 中文翻译：杰克是我的笔友，他来自美国。 从句替换 基础表达：Jack is my pen pal..He comes from America. 高级表达：Jack is my pen pal that/who comes from America. 续表 类别 示例 中文翻译：只有这样，我们才能学好化学。 倒装句 基础表达：We can learn chemistry well only in this way: 替换 高级表达：Only in this way can we learn chemistry well, 中文翻译：这次经历让我成长了许多。 强调句 句 替换 基础表达：This experience made me grow a lot. 子 高级表达：It was this experience that made me grow a lot. 类 中文翻译：他小心地把戒指盒扣上，放进自己的口袋里。 替 非谓语 基t础表达：He carefully closed the ring box and put it in his pocket. 换 替换 高级表达：He carefully closed the ring box,putting it in his pocket. 中文翻译：这个故事告诉我们，患难见真情。 俗语/谚 基t础表达：The story tells us that true friendship shows when we 语替换 are in trouble. 高级表达：The story tells us that a friend in need is a friend indeed. 通过分析近10年英语高考写作真题，编者发现，真题写作题型主要围绕人与自我、 人与社会以及人与自然这三大主题展开，故本书将从词汇类和句子类两方面素材出发，对 这些主题中的核心内容分别进行汇总，并给出这些核心内容的基础表达及高级替换，以期 帮助你升华写作表达。 2 主题写作高级替换素材 2R28284R2RF9F81818282828241828F818584828 主题一人与自我 校园生活 )词汇类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口1.难忘的 a.unforgettable a.memorable 口2.迷人的 a.charming a.fascinating 口3.令人不安的 a.unsettling a.disturbing ▣4.协作 vi.cooperate" vi.collaborate ▣5.发现 vt.discover* vt.identify* ▣6.爱好者 n.[c]fan n.[C]enthusiast 口7.聚集 vt.&vi.gather* vt.vi.assemble 口8.有趣的 a.interesting a.enjoyable 口9.计划 vt.&vi.plan vt.schedule* 口10.参加 vt.&vi.attend* participate in 口11.社团 n.[C]club n.[C]association* ☐12.准许加入 n.[U]entrance* n.[U,C]admission ▣13.青春 n.[U]youth* n.[U,sing.adolescence ▣14.出席 n.[U]presence n.[U,C]attendance ▣15.尊敬 n.[U,sing.respect* n.[U]esteem ☐16.活动 n.[C常用pl.]activity n.[C]event* 口17.管理 vt.&vi.manage* vt.administer 口18.公布；发布 vt.issue* vt.release* 高、中频词★ 低频词☆ 3 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口19.幸运的 a.lucky a.fortunate ▣20.充满活力的 a.energetic* a.vigorous 口21.重要的 a.important a.significant* ☐22.获得 vt.get vt.acquire* 口23.禁止 vt.ban* vt.forbid 口24.必需的 a.necessary a.essential* 口25.令人赞叹的 a.wonderful a.remarkable* ▣26.彻底地 ad.profoundly in depth 口27.散步 go for a walk vi.stroll 口28.满足 vt.meet vt.satisfy* 口29.丰富的 a.rich a.abundant 口30.经历 vt.experience* go through 口31.准时 on time ad.punctually 口32.遵守 vt.follow* abide by 口33.擅长于 be good at be proficient in 口34.落后 fall behind lag behind 口35.违反 vt.break* vt.violate )句子类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口1.此次经历加深了 It was the experience that has The experience has deepened 我们对团结的 deepened our understanding our understanding of unity. 认识。 of unity. 口2.这不仅可以增强 This can strengthen our Not only can this strengthen 我们的身体素 physical fitness and lighten our physical fitness,but it can 质，还可以使我 our moods. also lighten our moods. 们放松心情。 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 ▣3.举办这次庆祝活 Holding the celebration is It is very meaningful to hold 动很有意义。 very meaningful. the celebration. 口4.我很高兴成为你I was happy to be one of How happy I was to be one of 们团队的一员。 the members of your team. the members of your team! 口5.新生们将步入一 Freshmen will enter a Freshmen will enter a transition 个既兴奋又不安 transition period of excitement period which is exciting as well 的过渡时期。 and anxiety. as disturbing. 口6.直到校长拍了拍Ididn'tcalm down until my It was not until my head 我的肩膀，我才 head teacher patted me on teacher patted me on the 平静下来。 the shoulder. shoulder that I calmed down. 口7.校园里真挚的友 True friendship at school is Nothing is more precious than 谊最为珍贵。 the most precious thing. true friendship at school. 口8.是同伴的鼓励帮 My friends'encouragement It is my friends'encouragement 我走出校园生活 helps me get out of trouble. that helps me get out of trouble. 的烦恼。 教育学习 )词汇类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口1.定期的 a.regular* a.periodic ▣2.了解 vt.&vi.know keep track of 口3.改善 n.[U]improvement n2.[U,C]enhancement ☐4.拥有 vt.have vt.possess 口5.重复不断地 again and again ad.repeatedly ▣6.使某人对…有 make sb.have a deeper bring sb.a deeper insight into... 更深刻的认识 understanding of... 口7.天赋 n.[C]gift n.[C,U]talent" ▣8.增强 vt.&vi.increase* vt.enhance' 5 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口9.思考 vt.&vi.think vt.&vi.ponder 口10.全面的 a.all-round a.comprehensive 口11.开阔某人的眼界 open one's eyes broaden one's horizons ▣12.完成 vt.&vi.finish* vt.accomplish 口13.称赞 vt.praise* vt.applaud ▣14.使…充分发 make full use of... 挥作用 give full play to... ▣15.适应 fit in adapt to 口16.主要的 a.main a.primary" ▣17.参加 vt.&vi.join engage in ▣18.记忆力 n.[C,U]memory* n.[U]recollection ▣19.作业 n.[U]homework n.[C]assignment 口20.合作 n.[U]cooperation n.[U,C]collaboration 口21.压力 n.[C,U]pressure* n.[C]burden 口22.目标 n.[C]goal* n.[C]target* 口23.成果 n.[C]outcome* n.[C]achievement* 口24.理解 vt.&vi.understand vt.&vi.comprehend ▣25.新手 n.[C]newcomer a green hand 口26.精通 vt.master* have a good command of 口27.纪律 n.[C]rule n.[U]discipline* ▣28.能力 n.[sing.]ability n.[C,U]capacity* ☐29.重视… pay attention to... attach importance to... 口30.让某人对… make sb.curious about... arouse one's curiosity about... 好奇 口31.专注 vt.&vi.focus* vt.&vi.concentrate* 6 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口32.聪明的 a.clever a.intelligent* ☐33.阐明 make clear vt.clarify" 口34.掌握 know well vt.grasp ▣35.抵制 vt.resist vt.boycott 口36.吸收 take in vt.absorb* 口37.知识渊博的 a.knowledgeable a.well-informed )句子类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口1.有些学生在独自 When some students are It may be hard for some 学习时，可能难 learning alone,staying students to stay self-disciplined 以保持自律和积 self-disciplined and motivated and motivated when they are 极性。 may be hard for them. learning alone. 口2.这些变化有利 These changes have pros There are pros and cons to 有弊。 and cons. these changes. Changes in the way of 口3.教育方式的改变 Changes in the way of education education represent the 代表着科学技术 represent the progress of progress of science and 的进步。这值得 science and technology,which technology.This deserves 我们关注。 deserves our attention. our attention. 口4.然而，凡事都有 Nevertheless,there are always Nevertheless,every coin has 两面性。 two sides to everything. two sides. 口5.只有通过不断的 You can master a foreign Only through constant practice 练习，你才能掌 language only through can you master a foreign 握一门外语。 constant practice. language. 口6.相比于纸质词 The online dictionaries are Compared with paper 典，在线词典更 more portable than paper dictionaries,the online ones 加便携。 dictionaries. are more portable. 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口3.锻炼对我来说是 There is no easier way for Exercise is the easiest way 最简单的释放压 me than exercise to release for me to release pressure 力的方式。 pressure 口4.人们应该立即采 People should take It is time for people to take 取行动去培养 immediate action to foster a immediate action to foster a 一种健康的生活 healthy living mode. healthy living mode. 方式。 ▣5.你最好不要在阳 You had better not read in You had better not read in 光下或床上看 the sun or in bed.It's bad the sun or in bed,because it 书，这对你的眼 for your eyes. 晴不好。 is bad for your eyes 口6.不管生活多么忙 We should learn to relax:No matter how busy life is, 碌，我们都要学 ourselves in spite of the we should learn to relax 会放松自己。 busy life. ourselves Perhaps a positive mindset Perhaps nothing is better 口7.或许积极的心态 is the best guarantee for than a positive mindset for 是个人身心健康 personal physical and personal physical and mental 最好的保障。 mental health. health. 主题二人与社会 人际交往 )词汇类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 ▣1.朋友 n.[C]friend n.[C]companion ▣2.共同的 a.common* a.mutual 口3.理解 n.[U,sing.understanding n.[U】comprehension* 口4.亲密的 a.close a.intimate 18 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口5.同龄人 n.[C-常用pl]peer n.[C]contemporary* 口6.沟通 n.[U]communication* n.[U,C]interaction* 口7.感谢 vt.thank vt.appreciate* 口8.愉快的 a.pleasant* a.agreeable 口9.原谅 vt.excuse* vt.&vi.forgive* ▣10.说服 vt.persuade* vt.convince* ▣11.妥协 vi.compromise come to terms ▣12.忍受 vt.bear* put up with ▣13.访问 vt.visit pay a visit to ▣14.陪伴 vt.accompany keep sb.company ▣15.联系 vt.contact* get in touch with ▣16.支持 vt.support* back up 口17.遇见 vt.&vi.meet come across ▣18.孤独的 a.alone* a.isolated ☐19.拒绝 vt.&vi.refuse vt.reject* 口20.安慰 vt.comfort* vt.console 口21.提醒 vt.&vi.warn* vt.remind* 口22.赞扬 n.[U]praise* n.[C]compliment ▣23.信任 n.[U]trust n.[U,sing.reliance ▣24.消除 vt.remove* vt.eliminate 口25.实现自我价值 achieve self-worth realize self-fulfilment ▣26.道歉 vi.apologize* make an apology ▣27.交谈 vi.chat* vi.converse 口28.赞同 vt.&vi.agree* vi.approve 19 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口29.反对 vi.disagree vt.oppose* M""" 口30.怀疑 vt.doubt* vt.suspect* 口31.巩固 vt.&vi.strengthen* vt.&vi.consolidate ▣32.忽视 vt.ignore* vt.neglect 口33.舒适的 a.comfortable* a.cozy ▣34.克服 vt.overcome* get over 口35.开心的 a.happy a.cheerful 口36.帮助 vt.&vi.help give sb.a hand ▣37.使高兴 vt.&vi.please brighten up 口38.珍惜 vt.value* vt.cherish )句子类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口l.许多人在互联网Many people spend 上花太多时间， Many people spend too much too much time on the time on the Internet,leaving no 他们没有时间在 Internet,and they don't time to interact with persons in 现实生活中与人 have time to interact with real life. 互动。 persons in real life. 口2.与同学保持热情 Maintaining warm and It is crucial to maintain warm 友好的关系至关 friendly relationships with and friendly relationships with 重要。 classmates is crucial. classmates. 口3.人类的互动，不 Human interaction is to Human interaction is not about 在于改变对方， accept each other,instead changing each other,but 而在于接纳对方。 of changing each other. accepting each other. 口4.人与人之间的沟 Communication between Communication between 通是最重要的， people is of utmost people is of utmost importance, 再怎么强调这 importance,and it must and it can't be too much to be 点也不为过。 be stressed frequently. stressed. 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 It has both advantages and Every coin has two sides,and 口5.互联网交流既有 disadvantages to interact interacting through the Internet 优点也有缺点。 through the Internet. is not an exception. His company during my It was his company during 口6.他在困难时期的 tough times gave me the my tough times that gave 陪伴给了我克服 courage to overcome:me the courage to overcome 困难的勇气。 difficulties. difficulties. Friendship serves 口7.友谊是人际关系 Serving as the foundation of as the foundation of 的基础，它在建 interpersonal relationships, interpersonal relationships 立良好的人际关 friendship plays a critical role in and plays a critical 系网方面发挥着 role in building a good building a good interpersonal 关键作用。 network. interpersonal network. 文化交流 )词汇类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口1.差异 n.[C,U]difference* n.[C]distinction 口2.相似 n.[C,U]similarity n.[C,U]resemblance ☐3.特点 n.[C]feature* n.[C-常用pl]characteristic ▣4.多样性 n.[U]variety" n.[U]diversity ▣5.习俗 n.[C,U]custom* n.[C,U]convention ▣6.跨文化的 a.cross-cultural a.intercultural 口7.广泛的 a.widespread a.extensive 口8.开放的 a.open-minded a.receptive 口9.引进 vt.introduce* bring in 口10.流行的 a.popular a.prevalent 21 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口11.融合 vt&vi.mix vt.&vi.blend 口12.视野 n.[U,sing.]view* n.[C常用pl]horizon ▣13.借鉴 vt.borrow draw on ▣14.独特的 a.special a.distinctive 口15.障碍 n.[C]barrier" n.[C]obstacle ▣16.陌生的 a.strange a.unfamiliar 口17.魅力 n.[U]charm n.[U]appeal* 口18.避免 vt.avoid* keep away from ☐19.关系 n.[C]relationship' n.[C]bond* 口20.本土的 a.local a.native* 口21.外来的 a.foreign a.alien ▣22.弥合差距 close a gap bridge a divide ▣23.建立联系 build bridges foster connections ▣24.传递 vt.pass vt.convey ▣25.融入 fit in vt.&vi.integrate 口26.文化传播 cultural exchanges cultural transmission 口27.背景 n.[C]background* n.[C,U]context* 口28.与时俱进 keep pace with the times advance with the times 口29.全球的 a.global* a.worldwide 口30.平等 n.[U]equality n.[U]parity 口31.面对 vt.&vi.face vt.confront ▣32.表现 vt.show vt.demonstrate" ▣33.了解 learn about gain insight into 口34.冲突 n.[C,U]conflict* n.[C,U]collision 22 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 ▣35.尊重 vt.respect* vt.value* ☐36.保护 vt.&vi.protect vt.preserve* )句子类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 With increased interaction 口1.随着世界各国间 With increased interaction between countries around 交流的增多，我 between countries around the the world,it is urgent 们迫切需要了解 world,there is a great urgency for us to learn different 不同的文化。 for us to learn different cultures. cultures. 口2.这次文化交流活 This cultural exchange How meaningful this cultural 动很有意义。 activity is very meaningful. exchange activity is! 口3.在不同文化中， It is very important to:It isvery importantto remember 入乡随俗非常 follow local customs in that when in Rome,do as the 重要。 different cultures. Romans do. 口4.开放的政策吸引 The open policy has The open policy has attracted 了来自世界各 attracted people from all people from all over the world 地的人们在这里 over the world to work, to work,study and live here, 工作、学习和生 study and live here.This which also benefits foreigners 活，这也让对文 also benefits foreigners who are interested in culture 化交流感兴趣的 who are interested in 外国人受益。 exchanges. culture exchanges. 口5.只有保持开放的 We can benefit from Only by keeping an open mind 心态，我们才 cultural exchange only by can we benefit from cultural 能从文化交流中 keeping an open mind. exchange. 受益。 ▣6.京剧是中国的传 Beijing Opera is traditional Beijing Opera is traditional 统文化，它深受 Chinese culture.It is loved Chinese culture that is loved 世界喜爱。 by the world. by the world. 23 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口7.语言作为文化的 Language is a carrier of Serving as a carrier of 载体，在促进不 culture and it plays a vital culture,language plays a vital 同国家之间的相 role in promoting mutual role in promoting mutual 互理解中发挥着 understanding between understanding between 至关重要的作用。 different nations. different nations. 社会服务 ④词汇类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 □1.参与… take part in... participate in... 口2.有帮助的 a.helpful a.beneficial 口3.回馈社会 give back to society contribute to society 口4.养老院 an old people's home a nursing home ▣5.照看… care for... watch over... 口6.义务劳动 work for free work voluntarily 口7.方法 n.[C]way n.[C]approach* 口8.有机会做某事 have a chance to do sth. have access to sth. w.m. 口9.解决问题 solve the problem tackle the issue ▣10.个人成长 personal growth n.[U]self-improvement 口11.挑战自我 challenge oneself push oneself to the limit combine theory with 口12.理论和实践相结合 put theory into practice practice ▣13.想法 n.[c]idea n.[C]concept" ☐14.执行 vt.perform carry out 口15.磨炼意志 exercise willpower strengthen willpower 口16.尝试做某事 try to do sth. attempt to do sth. ▣17.专家 n.[C]expert* n.[C]specialist* 24 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口18.社会福利 social benefits social welfare ▣19.值得 vt.deserve* be worthy of ▣20.着手 set about... embark on/upon... ▣21.缺少 n.[U,sing.]lack* n.[C,U]shortage* 口22.给…带来积极影响 bring active effects to... have a positive influence on... 口23.引起广泛关注 attract public attention arouse extensive attention 口24.帮手 n.[C]helper n.[C]assistant* □25.老年人 old people the elderly ☐26.年轻的 a.young a.youthful ▣27.责任 n.[C,U]duty* n.[C,U]obligation 口28.有意义的 a.worthwhile a.rewarding 口29.关爱 n.[U]love n.[U,sing.affection )句子类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 I am glad to offer my How glad I am to offer 口1.我很乐意去辅导 services in tutoring students my services in tutoring 来自贫困家庭的 from disadvantaged:students from disadvantaged 学生。 backgrounds. backgrounds! 口2.正是出于这个原 For this reason,I'm It is for this reason that I'm 因，我决心为改 determined to devote myself determined to devote myself 善这种状况贡献 to improving the situation. to improving the situation. 自己的力量。 口3.学生们懂得了应 Students learned to respect Students learned that they 该尊重老人。 the elderly. should respect the elderly. ▣4.我们社区有许多 Our community has many There are many volunteers in 志愿者。 volunteers. our community. 25 主题三人与自然 环境保护 )词汇类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口1.污染 n.[U]pollution* n.[U]contamination 口2.破坏 vt.destroy* vt.devastate ▣3.恶化 vt.vi.worsen vt.aggravate 口4.引发 vt.cause* vt.trigger ▣5.消耗 vt.consume* vt.expend 口6.浪费 n.[U,sing.waste* n.[U]extravagance 口7.应对（问题） deal with vt.address* 口8.采取行动 take action take measures 口9.阻止 vt.prevent* vt.prohibit" 口10.濒危的 a.endangered a.threatened 口11.脆弱的 a.fragile a.vulnerable 口12.环保的 a.green a.eco-friendly ▣13.后果 n.[C]result n.[C-常用pl.]consequence* ▣14.监视 vt.&vi.watch vt.monitor* ☐15.承担 vt.share vt.undertake 口16.法律法规 rules and laws legislation and regulation ▣17.耗尽 use up vt.exhaust 口18.预测 vt.predict" vt.forecast" ☐19.缺乏 lack of n.[U,C]scarcity 口20.栖息地 living environment n.[C,U]habitat* ▣21.提倡 call for vt.advocate* 34 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 ▣22.践行绿色生活 live a green life embrace an eco-friendly lifestyle 口23.关注 care about focus on ▣24.绿色出行 the green transport the low-carbon commute ☐25.浑浊的 a.muddy a.turbid 口26.过剩的 a.excess a.surplus 口27.节约用水 save water conserve water 口28.无纸化 no paper a.paperless 口29.再利用 vt.reuse vt.recycle* ▣30.二手物品 used things second-hand items ▣31.有毒的 a.poisonous a.toxic 口32.可再次使用的 a.reusable a.recyclable ▣33.减少 vt.&vi.reduce* vt.vi.decrease* 口34.节约 vt.&vi.save* vi.economize ☐35.共同努力 work together make joint efforts ☐36.意识到 vt.realize* be aware of ④句子类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口1.人们认为，空 People believe air pollution It is widely believed that air 气污染是导致 is the main reason for the pollution is the main contributor 该地区呼吸道 increase in respiratory to the increase in respiratory 疾病增加的主 diseases in this area. diseases in this area 要原因。 口2.通过教育下一 We can ensure a sustainable It is by educating the next 代，我们才能 future for the environment generation that we can ensure 确保环境的可！by educating the next a sustainable future for the 持续未来。 generation. environment. 35 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 ▣3.我认为公众意I think public awareness is I think nothing is more important 识是防止污染 the most important factor than public awareness in 最重要的因素。 in preventing pollution. preventing pollution ▣4.这座工厂过去 This factory used to emit This factory,which used to emit 经常排放废气， waste gas.It has now been waste gas,has now been closed 它现在已经被 closed down. down. 关闭了。 口5.没有每个人的 We cannot solve the It is impossible to solve the 参与，我们无 problem of environmental problem of environmental 法解决环境污 pollution without:pollution without the 染问题。 everyone's participation. participation of every individual. 口6.回收利用旧物Recycling old items can Not only can recycling old 品不但可以节not only save resources, items save resources,but also 约资源，还可but also protect the it can protect the environment. 以保护环境。 environment. 口7.新能源是清洁能 New energy is a type of New energy is a type of clean 源，它有助于 clean energy.It helps energy that helps reduce air 减少空气污染 reduce air pollution. pollution We can build a green 口8.只有提高环保意 Only by raising environmental homeland together only 识，我们才能 awareness can we build a green by raising environmental 共建绿色家园。 homeland together. awareness 自然生态 )词汇类替换 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口1.发生 vi.happen* vi.occur* 口2.海洋生物 sea life marine life 口3.种植 vt.plant vt.cultivate 36 续表 中文翻译 基础表达 高级替换 口4.危及 vt.threaten" vt.endanger ☐5.生态系统 n.[C]ecosystem ecological system 口6.森林 n.[C,U]forest n.[U,C]woodland 口7.植物 n.[C]plant n.[U]vegetation ☐8.动物 n.[C]animal n.[C]creature* 口9.生态平衡 balance of nature ecological balance 口10.可持续发展 sustainable development n.[U]sustainability 口11.养分 n.[C]nutrient n.[U]nutriment ▣12.排放 n.[U]emission n.[C,U]discharge ▣13.丢弃 throw away vt.discard ▣14.分解 break down vt.&vi.decompose 口15.腐烂 vt.&vi.rot vt.&vi.decay ☐16.开花 vi.flower vi.bloom ▣17.可再生能源 renewable energy alternative energy ☐18.潮汐能 tidal power tidal energy ▣19.枯萎 vt.vi.wither vi.wilt 口20.共生 live together n.[U,C]symbiosis ▣21.水循环 the water cycle the hydrologic cycle 口22.土壤 n.[U]ground n.[U,C]soil* 口23.草原 n.[U]grassland n.[C,U]prairie ▣24.净化 vt&vi.clean vt.purify ▣25.恢复 get back vt.restore* 口26.使肥沃 vt.fertilize vt.nourish 37 附录：写作常见通用句式 表阴观点 1.For this trend,some people argue that...,but in my opinion... 对于这一趋势，有些人认为…，但在我看来… ▣2.|cannot entirely agree on the idea that..我无法完全同意这一观点。 ▣3.I am against the view that.我反对…这一观点 □4.Personally speaking,I've always supported..就我个人来讲，我总是支持 ▣5.From my perspective,I hold the view that..在我看来，我认为… 6.Evidently,it has both negative and positive effects 显然，它既有负面影响，也有积极影响。 □7.There are the pros and cons for these changes.这些变化有利有弊。 8.People used to think...,but things are different now. 人们过去认为…，但是现在情况不同了。 9.With the development of science and technology,more and more people believe that..随着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为… 10.Notions about this topic differ greatly among people. 人们对于这个话题的观点大不相同。 ▣ll.It is generally believed that..人们普遍认为… 说明原因 ▣l.The reason why...is that..…的原因是… 口2.One of the most common causes is that..最常见的原因之一是 口3.Another contributing factor is.另一个原因是. □4.Another reason that leads to.is.导致…的另一个原因是 ▣5.Perhaps the primary factor is that..也许主要的因素是… ▣6.But the fundamental cause is that..但根本原因是… 7.A number of factors are accountable for this situation. 造成这种情况的因素有很多。 8.The factors that contribute to this situation include... 导致这种情况的因素包括… 9.Two primary reasons are responsible for this change. 造成这一变化的主要原因有两个。 10.We can attribute the phenomenon to the following factors 我们可将这一现象归因于以下几个因素。 46 逐条论述 □l.Firstly..Secondly.Finally..首先…其次…最后… 口2.First.Second...Last but not least..首先…其次…最后但同样重要的是… ▣3.First of all..Secondly..Most importantly.首先…其次…最重要的是… 口4.Firstly..…Moreover..首先…此外…. ▣5.First of all..Furthermore..首先…此外… ▣6.In the first place...In the second place.首先…其次… ☐7.To begin with..Additionally...Lastly.首先…此外…最后… ▣8.On the one hand.On the other hand.-方面…另-方面. □9.For one thing..For another..一方面…另一方面… 提出建议 ▣l.Therefore,it is wise to..因此，…是明智之举。 口2.It would be a good idea to.…是一个好办法。 ☐3.Faced with such a situation,we should.面对如此形势，我们应该 □4.In my opinion,we had better..在我看来，我们最好.… ▣5.As far as'm concerned,you are supposed to..就我而言，你应该… □6.Only in this way can we..只有这样，我们才能…. 口7.We should make every effort to.我们应尽全力去…. 口8.Therefore,I strongly recommend that..因此，我强烈建议 ▣9.We are supposed to attach great importance to.我们应该高度重视…. 10.In order to...,we should cultivate our ability to... 为了…，我们应该培养…的能力。 11.We should take steps to change the situation,such as... 我们应该采取措施来改变这种状况，比如… 12.Here are a few measures that can be put into practice instantly. 这里有几条可以立即付诸实践的措施。 做出总结 ▣l.To conclude,.is of great significance.总之，…是非常重要的。 ☐2.Based on the above statements,it is clear that..基于以上陈述，很显然 ▣3.To sum up,it can be found that.总而言之，我们可以发现… ▣4.In summary,it is clear that..总之，很明显… □5.Thus,we can conclude that..因此，我们可以推断出… ▣6.Therefore,it can be inferred that..因此，我们可以推断出 47 7.From the above analysis,we can arrive at the conclusion that... 通过上述分析，我们可以得出…这一结论。 8.Taking all these factors into account,the conclusion can be drawn that... 考虑到所有这些因素，我们可以得出…这一结论。 9.Given the discussion above,there is no denying that... 鉴于以上讨论，无可否认… 10.All in all,this activity not only...but also... 总之，这次活动不仅…而且… 进行比较 □1.A is superior to B in..A在…方面优于B。 ▣2.The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages..利远大于弊。 3.It is true that A is...than B,but the obvious defects are... 的确，A比B更…，但其明显的缺陷是… ☐4.Like anything else,it has..和其他事物一样，它也有 口5.A and B have several points in common.A和B有几个共同点。 ☐6.A bears some resemblances to B.A和B有一些相似之处。 ▣7.A and B differ in several ways.A和B在几个方面不同。 ☐8.The difference between A and B lies in..A和B的区别在于. ▣9.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.A的优点比B大得多。 口l0.However,the same is not applicable to b.然而，同样的情况并不适用于B。 48