Unit 5 Revealing nature（重难词汇精练）英语外研版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 围绕“Revealing nature”单元重难词汇，构建从基础积累（单词、词性、短语）到语境应用（语法、完形、写作）的递进训练体系，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |重点单词|21题|核心词义记忆|从单元核心词汇入手，建立基础词库| |词性转换|5题|词形变化训练|衔接单词与语法，深化词汇形态认知| |核心短语|22题|固定搭配积累|拓展词汇应用场景，构建短语网络| |单词拼写/完成句子/单句语法填空|各10题|词汇在单句中的应用|从机械记忆过渡到基础语境运用| |语法填空/完形填空/应用文写作|各2篇/1篇|语篇层面综合运用|实现词汇从单句到语篇的迁移，提升语言表达能力|

Unit 5 Revealing nature重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 2 三、核心短语 2 四、单词拼写 3 五、完成句子 3 六、单句语法填空 4 02 词汇语境练 4 一、语法填空 5 二、完形填空 6 三、应用文写作 7 一、重点单词 1. _________________adj. 遥远的 2. _________________n. 丢脸，耻辱 3. _________________n. 地质学家 4. _________________n. 样本 5. _________________v. 进化 6. _________________v. 猜想，怀疑，觉得 7. _________________n.（动物的）原种，祖先 8. _________________n. 进化（论） 9. _________________v. 产生，创造 10. _________________n. 特征，特性 11. _________________v. 减少 12. _________________v. 责怪，指责；把……归咎于 13. _________________adj. 原始的，低等的 14. _________________adv. 遍及全世界 15. _________________adj. 巨大的，特大的 16. _________________n.（古代的）神话 17. _________________n. 传说，传奇（故事） 18. _________________v. 发现，察觉（尤指不易觉察到的事物） 19. _________________n. 根 20. _________________v. 把……联系起来；连接 21. _________________n. 网络犯罪 二、词性转换 1. distant adj. 遥远的 → _________________n. 距离 2. geology n. 地质学→_________________n. 地质学家 3. evolve v. 进化 → _________________n. 进化(论) 4. myth n. (古代的)神话 → _________________adj. 神话般的 5. detect v. 发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物) → _________________n. 发现，察觉；侦察 → _________________n. 侦探，警探 三、核心短语 1. _________________ 追溯到 2. _________________ 是耻辱，是丢脸的事 3. _________________ 响应号召 4. _________________ 有史以来 5. _________________ 讨论（议论）中的 6. _________________ 挤满 7. _________________ 产生 8. _________________ 适应 9. _________________ 各种各样的，种类繁多的 10. _________________ 源于……的，原产于…… 11. _________________ 是……的栖息地/家乡 12. _________________ 相比之下；与之相比 13. _________________ 到目前为止 14. _________________完成（任务）；执行；实施 15. _________________ 赶走，使离去 16. _________________ 第一选择，首选 17. _________________ 生物 18. _________________ 随着时间的流逝 19. _________________ 单独地；孤立地 20. _________________ 有机物质 21. _________________ 免疫系统 22. _________________ 受到攻击 四、单词拼写 1. The farmer planted the ________ (种子) in the rich soil and waited for them to grow. 2. The two villages are ________ (遥远的) from each other, separated by mountains. 3. He felt it a ________ (耻辱) to have lied to his parents. 4. The ________ (地质学家) discovered ancient fossils in the remote mountain area. 5. The scientist collected water ________ (样本) from different parts of the river. 6. Some scientists believe that humans ________ (进化) from apes over millions of years. 7. The police ________ (怀疑) that the man was involved in the crime. 8. The ________ (祖先) of the modern horse was much smaller than today's horse. 9. The ________ (进化) of species is a slow process that takes thousands of years. 10. The new factory will ________ (产生) more job opportunities for local people. 11. One of the main ________ (特征) of this bird is its colourful feathers. 12. The number of wild animals in this area has ________ (减少) dramatically in recent years. 13. Don't always ________ (责怪) others for your own failures. 14. The ________ (原始的) tools found in the cave date back over 10,000 years. 15. The concert was broadcast ________ (遍及全世界) via satellite. 16. The company's success is closely ________ (联系) to its innovative marketing strategies. 17. The ancient ________ (神话) tells the story of a hero who saved his people. 18. According to the ________ (传说), this castle was built by a giant. 19. The scientist is trying to ________ (发现) signs of life on Mars. 20. ________ (网络犯罪) has become a serious threat to personal information security. 五、完成句子 1. 在鞋类博物馆展出的“特殊用途”鞋让大多数游客感到惊奇。 Most of our visitors ________ and amazed by the collection of "special purpose" shoes on exhibition here at the Museum of Footwear. 2. 有些喜剧演员就人们的行为方式或日常生活开玩笑。（the way） 3. 要学好汉语，你最好住在一个中国家庭里。（不定式作目的状语） 4. 玛丽和她的姐妹们正在中国学习汉语。（as well as） 5. 目前我们还没有其他行星上存在生命的证据 At present we ________ of life on other planets. 6. 他总是强烈渴望学习如何飞行。（how to） 7. 首先，我得说，当你和父母沟通有困难时，你并不孤单。 ________, I've to say you're not alone when having trouble communicating with parents. 8. 她在新泽西的家中说：“迈格拉希的任何一次泄密都是一种耻辱。” Speaking from her home in New Jersey, she said, "Any letting out of Megrahi would ________." 9. 他们就要结婚了，而且还要一起做生意呢。 They are going to get married, and ________ they are setting up in business together. 10. 去年在那座桥上花费了许多钱。（amounts of） 六、单句语法填空 1. The scientist collected water ________ (sample) from different parts of the ocean to study pollution levels. 2. It is widely believed that humans ________ (evolution) from apes over millions of years. 3. The police ________ (suspect) that the man was involved in the cybercrime case. 4. The ________ (ancestor) of modern birds were small dinosaurs that lived millions of years ago. 5. The ________ (evolve) of species is a slow process that can take thousands of years. 6. Wind turbines are used for the ________ (generate) of electricity for thousands of homes in this area. 7. One of the main ________ (characteristic) of this plant is its strong resistance to cold weather. 8. The colonies ________ (declare) their independence from England.  9. For them,environment concerns are secondary as compared to their________ (survive).  10. The village is ________ (遥远的) from the nearest town, so residents rarely go out. 11. The concert gained ________ (world) recognition and was broadcast to millions of viewers. 12. The robbery occurred in broad daylight,in a ________ (crowd) street.  13. He will not give up until he finds convincing (evident). 14. The ________ (legend) hero was said to have defeated a terrible monster. 15. The two crimes are closely ________ (link) to each other, according to the police report. 一、语法填空 （一） （25-26高二下·浙江·月考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡上。 Get off the train and the first thing you meet in Zhongwei, Ningxia, is a warm wind that smells of sand. In other words, the desert is impossible ____1____ (ignore) for visitors here. The Shapotou area, ____2____ famous place, lies between the Tengger Desert and the Yellow River. It has big sand hills, winding (蜿蜒的) rivers, high mountains and green fields. These different ____3____ (view)come together and show the strong beauty of the north and the soft charm of the south. In recent years, Zhongwei ____4____ (try) to build a special travel name by doing new things in the desert. For example, the Desert Legends show brings local tales to life through dynamic song and dance, and the Diamond Hotel ____5____ (surprise) many visitors with its amazing architecture. ____6____ makes these projects good is that they turn a short desert visit into a several-day trip. Travelers can watch bright stars ____7____ night and join hands-on folk classes in the day. Now many people choose to sleep in tents on the sand, ____8____ (turn) this once-quiet place into a busy spot full of life and hope. When the early sun colors the dunes (沙丘) pink and light purple, the smell of ____9____ (new) made camel-milk tea moves through the tents, and the wish for another ____10____ (forgettable) day rises with the sun. （二） （25-26高二上·重庆·月考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡上。 Nowadays, ____1____ (visitor) planning a trip to the Wanglang National Nature Reserve in Pingwu County, Sichuan Province, have a great opportunity to gather information about ____2____ destination through mobile apps. Once the apps recognize your interest in Wanglang, its algorithm (算法) will ____3____ (automatic) suggest articles about the area. Before setting foot in the reserve, those interested in the pristine (未开发的) area nestled in the Minshan Mountains of northern Sichuan might find ____4____ (they) reading an article titled “The Returning Beekeeper from the Panda Hometown, Li Xinrui”. The article offers a glimpse into the area’s rich biodiversity. The author, Li Xinrui, is a patrolman (巡护员) at Wanglang. ____5____ only a middle school education, Li has developed a deep understanding of the natural world through self-study and his daily work. His more than 400 articles on science and nature are both informative and engaging, ____6____ (reveal) his passion and knowledge. The man had spent a decade wandering in different regions of the country ____7____ he finally discovered his true calling and passion in his hometown. When referring to his hometown Guanba, people always spoke of its pristine environment and abundant natural resources. ____8____ (inspire), he decided to join the village’s voluntary patrol team. He began learning how to set up infrared (红外线的) cameras ____9____ (monitor) the wildlife inhabiting the forest surrounding the village. He launched a public account in 2016. Since then, he ____10____ (update) the account with articles consistently, sharing his insights and experiences with a broader audience. 二、完形填空 （25-26高二上·福建·期中）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The plants my mother tended were hearty and had been there for many years. But after my mother was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默症) and was sent in hospital, the plants in our house began to die and the leaves were ____1____ . During that time, I had been so focused on the increasing demands of her own ____2____ that her beloved plants had ____3____ my notice. Later, I ____4____ her job and poured water into the thirsty soil every day. Gradually I understood her sacred job. Unlike children or pets, house plants ____5____ nothing. They wait quietly, no matter how ____6____ for attention. To undertake the care of a plant during a long period of time requires ____7____ for a living thing. Actually it ____8____ entirely on you for survival, but can’t even ask for help. Even as Alzheimer’s disease ____9____ so much of her moment-to-moment memory, the inborn act of caring lasts. After she left hospital and went back home, sometimes I would guide her down the steps to _____10_____ the plants herself. Each time, she smiled up at me with _____11_____, because being able to care for something is still what brings her the greatest joy. Whatever she may _____12_____ moments later, while she is with them, she is fully _____13_____ . Her devotion to the plants has no limit and no end. I look at plants differently these days. I see them as my mother does: quiet reminders of the need for deep _____14_____and love for every living thing. It is clear to me that the things we spend a lifetime cultivating are never truly _____15_____; the kindness she has planted in me still blooms. 1. A. blooming B. swinging C. growing D. dropping 2. A. care B. health C. business D. condition 3. A. got B. escaped C. deserved D. changed 4. A. took over B. applied for C. participated in D. kept on 5. A. promise B. prove C. demand D. complain 6. A. ready B. eager C. necessary D. grateful 7. A. wisdom B. courage C. diligence D. patience 8. A. focuses B. decides C. insists D. depends 9. A. reflects B. improves C. steals D. refreshes 10. A. sell B. water C. admire D. observe 11. A. satisfaction B. gratitude C. praise D. curiosity 12. A. mention B. regret C. share D. forget 13. A. popular B. involved C. concerned D. active 14. A. consideration B. caution C. affection D. conservation 15. A. lost B. developed C. found D. gained 三、应用文写作 （25-26高二下·山东·月考）假定你是校英语俱乐部主席李华，你校将参加国际青年环保展览。你作为贵校代表，请提交一份以“绿色城市”为主题的英文海报，并附以简要说明，内容包括： 1. 海报简介 (主题、设计理念等)； 2. 海报要传达的信息。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5重难词汇精练 一、重点单词 1. distant 2. disgrace 3. geologist 4. sample 5. evolve 6. suspect 7. ancestor 8. evolution 9. generate 10. characteristic 11. decline 12. blame 13. primitive 14. worldwide 15. giant 16. myth 17. legend 18. detect 19. root 20. link 21. cybercrime 二、词性转换 1.distance 2. geologist 3.evolution 4.mythic 5.detection ； detective 三、核心短语 1. date back to 2. be a disgrace 3. answer the call 4. of all time 5. in question 6. be crowded with 7. come to exist 8. adapt to 9. a variety of 10. be native to 11. be home to 12. by contrast 13. so far 14. carry out 15. drive ... away 16. first choice 17. living things 18. over time 19. in isolation 20. organic matter 21. immune system 22. get attacked 四、单词拼写 1. seeds 2. distant 3. disgrace 4. geologist 5. samples 6. evolved 7. suspected 8. ancestor 9. evolution 10. generate 11. characteristics 12. declined 13. blame 14. primitive 15. worldwide 16. linked 17. myth 18. legend 19. detect 20. Cybercrime 五、完成句子 1. are shocked 2. Some comedians tell jokes about the way people behave or about daily life. 3. To learn Chinese well, you'd better live in a Chinese family. 4. Mary as well as her sisters is studying Chinese in China. 5. have no evidence 6. He always had a strong desire to learn how to fly. 7. To begin with 8. be a disgrace 9. what's more 10. Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge last year. 六、单句语法填空 1. samples 2. evolved 3. suspected 4. ancestors 5. evolution 6. generation 7. characteristics 8. declared 9. survival 10. distant 11. worldwide 12. crowded 13. evidence 14. legendary 15. linked 一、语法填空 （一） 1. to ignore 2. a 3. views 4. has tried##has been trying 5. surprises 6. What 7. at 8. turning 9. newly 10. unforgettable （二） 1. visitors 2. the 3. automatically 4. themselves 5. With 6. revealing 7. before 8. Inspired 9. to monitor 10. has been updating##has updated 二、完形填空 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 三、应用文写作 This poster, designed for the International Youth Environmental Exhibition, takes “Green City” as its theme. In terms of design, we adopt green as the main color to symbolize nature. It includes images of green trees, clear rivers and clean parks — these elements vividly show what a green city looks like: a place with fresh air and reduced pollution. The poster expresses our expectation for a more livable living environment. Through it, we aim to convey a simple message: protecting the environment is not hard. Small actions like saving water can help us build a green city together. 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Revealing nature重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 2 三、核心短语 2 四、单词拼写 3 五、完成句子 6 六、单句语法填空 7 02 词汇语境练 10 一、语法填空 10 二、完形填空 12 三、应用文写作 15 一、重点单词 1. distant adj. 遥远的 2. disgrace n. 丢脸，耻辱 3. geologist n. 地质学家 4. sample n. 样本 5. evolve v. 进化 6. suspect v. 猜想，怀疑，觉得 7. ancestor n.（动物的）原种，祖先 8. evolution n. 进化（论） 9. generate v. 产生，创造 10. characteristic n. 特征，特性 11. decline v. 减少 12. blame v. 责怪，指责；把……归咎于 13. primitive adj. 原始的，低等的 14. worldwide adv. 遍及全世界 15. giant adj. 巨大的，特大的 16. myth n.（古代的）神话 17. legend n. 传说，传奇（故事） 18. detect v. 发现，察觉（尤指不易觉察到的事物） 19. root n. 根 20. link v. 把……联系起来；连接 21. cybercrime n. 网络犯罪 二、词性转换 1. distant adj. 遥远的 → distance n. 距离 2. geology n. 地质学→geologist n. 地质学家 3. evolve v. 进化 → evolution n. 进化(论) 4. myth n. (古代的)神话 → mythic adj. 神话般的 5. detect v. 发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物) → detection n. 发现，察觉；侦察 → detective n. 侦探，警探 三、核心短语 1.date back to 追溯到 2.be a disgrace 是耻辱，是丢脸的事 3.answer the call 响应号召 4.of all time 有史以来 5.in question 讨论（议论）中的 6.be crowded with 挤满 7.come to exist 产生 8.adapt to 适应 9.a variety of 各种各样的，种类繁多的 10.be native to 源于……的，原产于…… 11.be home to 是……的栖息地/家乡 12.by contrast 相比之下；与之相比 13.so far 到目前为止 14.carry out 完成（任务）；执行；实施 15.drive ...away 赶走，使离去 16.first choice 第一选择，首选 17.living things 生物 18.over time 随着时间的流逝 19.in isolation 单独地；孤立地 20.organic matter 有机物质 21.immune system 免疫系统 22.get attacked 受到攻击 四、单词拼写 1. The farmer planted the ________ (种子) in the rich soil and waited for them to grow. 【答案】seeds 【解析】考查名词。句意：农民把种子播在肥沃的土壤里，等待它们生长。根据中文提示“种子”可知，此处应用名词seed，结合语境用复数形式seeds，作planted的宾语。故填seeds。 2. The two villages are ________ (遥远的) from each other, separated by mountains. 【答案】distant 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这两个村庄彼此相距遥远，被群山隔开。根据中文提示“遥远的”可知，此处应用形容词distant，作表语。故填distant。 3. He felt it a ________ (耻辱) to have lied to his parents. 【答案】disgrace 【解析】考查名词。句意：他觉得对父母撒谎是一件丢脸的事。根据中文提示“耻辱”可知，此处应用名词disgrace，作宾语。故填disgrace。 4. The ________ (地质学家) discovered ancient fossils in the remote mountain area. 【答案】geologist 【解析】考查名词。句意：这位地质学家在偏远的山区发现了古代化石。根据中文提示“地质学家”可知，此处应用名词geologist，作主语。故填geologist。 5. The scientist collected water ________ (样本) from different parts of the river. 【答案】samples 【解析】考查名词。句意：这位科学家从河流的不同河段采集了水样。根据中文提示“样本”可知，此处应用名词sample，结合语境用复数形式samples，作collected的宾语。故填samples。 6. Some scientists believe that humans ________ (进化) from apes over millions of years. 【答案】evolved 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：一些科学家认为人类是在数百万年间从猿类进化而来的。根据中文提示“进化”可知，此处应用动词evolve，描述过去发生的过程，用一般过去时。故填evolved。 7. The police ________ (怀疑) that the man was involved in the crime. 【答案】suspected 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：警方怀疑这名男子参与了这起犯罪。根据中文提示“怀疑”可知，此处应用动词suspect，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。故填suspected。 8. The ________ (祖先) of the modern horse was much smaller than today's horse. 【答案】ancestor 【解析】考查名词。句意：现代马的祖先比今天的马小得多。根据中文提示“祖先”可知，此处应用名词ancestor，作主语。故填ancestor。 9. The ________ (进化) of species is a slow process that takes thousands of years. 【答案】evolution 【解析】考查名词。句意：物种的进化是一个缓慢的过程，需要数千年时间。根据中文提示“进化”可知，此处应用名词evolution，作主语。故填evolution。 10. The new factory will ________ (产生) more job opportunities for local people. 【答案】generate 【解析】考查动词。句意：新工厂将为当地人创造更多的就业机会。根据中文提示“产生”可知，此处应用动词generate，will后接动词原形。故填generate。 11. One of the main ________ (特征) of this bird is its colourful feathers. 【答案】characteristics 【解析】考查名词。句意：这种鸟的主要特征之一是它色彩斑斓的羽毛。“one of + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，characteristic意为“特征”，用复数形式characteristics。故填characteristics。 12. The number of wild animals in this area has ________ (减少) dramatically in recent years. 【答案】declined 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：近年来这个地区的野生动物数量急剧减少。根据中文提示“减少”可知，此处应用动词decline，与has构成现在完成时，用过去分词形式declined。故填declined。 13. Don't always ________ (责怪) others for your own failures. 【答案】blame 【解析】考查动词。句意：不要总是把自己的失败归咎于别人。根据中文提示“责怪”可知，此处应用动词blame，助动词don't后接动词原形。故填blame。 14. The ________ (原始的) tools found in the cave date back over 10,000 years. 【答案】primitive 【解析】考查形容词。句意：山洞里发现的原始工具可追溯到一万多年前。根据中文提示“原始的”可知，此处应用形容词primitive，修饰名词tools。故填primitive。 15. The concert was broadcast ________ (遍及全世界) via satellite. 【答案】worldwide 【解析】考查副词。句意：这场音乐会通过卫星向全世界广播。根据中文提示“遍及全世界”可知，此处应用副词worldwide，修饰动词broadcast。故填worldwide。 16. The company's success is closely ________ (联系) to its innovative marketing strategies. 【答案】linked 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这家公司的成功与其创新的营销策略密切相关。根据中文提示“联系”可知，此处应用动词link，主语与link之间为被动关系，用被动语态，构成are linked to结构。故填linked。 17. The ancient ________ (神话) tells the story of a hero who saved his people. 【答案】myth 【解析】考查名词。句意：这个古老的神话讲述了一位拯救了他的人民的英雄的故事。根据中文提示“神话”可知，此处应用名词myth，作主语。故填myth。 18. According to the ________ (传说), this castle was built by a giant. 【答案】legend 【解析】考查名词。句意：根据传说，这座城堡是一个巨人建造的。根据中文提示“传说”可知，此处应用名词legend，作宾语。故填legend。 19. The scientist is trying to ________ (发现) signs of life on Mars. 【答案】detect 【解析】考查动词。句意：这位科学家正试图在火星上发现生命迹象。根据中文提示“发现”可知，此处应用动词detect，try to do sth.，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填detect。 20. ________ (网络犯罪) has become a serious threat to personal information security. 【答案】Cybercrime 【解析】考查名词。句意：网络犯罪已成为个人信息安全的严重威胁。根据中文提示“网络犯罪”可知，此处应用名词cybercrime，作主语，位于句首首字母大写。故填Cybercrime。 五、完成句子 1. 在鞋类博物馆展出的“特殊用途”鞋让大多数游客感到惊奇。 Most of our visitors ________ and amazed by the collection of "special purpose" shoes on exhibition here at the Museum of Footwear. 【答案】are shocked 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在鞋类博物馆展出的“特殊用途”鞋让大多数游客感到惊奇。shock与主语Most of our visitors之间为被动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时被动语态，主语为复数，故填are shocked。注意与后文amazed并列，保持时态一致。 2. 有些喜剧演员就人们的行为方式或日常生活开玩笑。（the way） 【答案】Some comedians tell jokes about the way people behave or about daily life. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：有些喜剧演员就人们的行为方式或日常生活开玩笑。the way后接定语从句，关系词可用that/in which或省略，此处填the way表示“方式，方法”，people behave为定语从句修饰the way。 3. 要学好汉语，你最好住在一个中国家庭里。（不定式作目的状语） 【答案】To learn Chinese well, you'd better live in a Chinese family. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：要学好汉语，你最好住在一个中国家庭里。空处作目的状语，应用不定式To learn，表示“为了学好汉语”，置于句首首字母大写。 4. 玛丽和她的姐妹们正在中国学习汉语。（as well as） 【答案】Mary as well as her sisters is studying Chinese in China. 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：玛丽和她的姐妹们正在中国学习汉语。as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语Mary保持一致，用单数is，构成现在进行时is studying。 5. 目前我们还没有其他行星上存在生命的证据 At present we ________ of life on other planets. 【答案】have no evidence 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：目前我们还没有其他行星上存在生命的证据。have no evidence意为“没有证据”，描述客观事实，主语为we，用一般现在时，evidence为不可数名词。 6. 他总是强烈渴望学习如何飞行。（how to） 【答案】He always had a strong desire to learn how to fly. 【解析】考查不定式作定语。句意：他总是强烈渴望学习如何飞行。a desire to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的渴望”；how to fly为“疑问词+不定式”结构作learn的宾语。 7. 首先，我得说，当你和父母沟通有困难时，你并不孤单。 ________, I've to say you're not alone when having trouble communicating with parents. 【答案】To begin with 【解析】考查插入语。句意：首先，我得说，当你和父母沟通有困难时，你并不孤单。To begin with意为“首先”，用于引出话题或观点，位于句首首字母大写。 8. 她在新泽西的家中说：“迈格拉希的任何一次泄密都是一种耻辱。” Speaking from her home in New Jersey, she said, "Any letting out of Megrahi would ________." 【答案】be a disgrace 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：她在新泽西的家中说：“迈格拉希的任何一次泄密都是一种耻辱。”be a disgrace为固定搭配，意为“是耻辱，是丢脸的事”，would后接动词原形，故填be a disgrace。 9. 他们就要结婚了，而且还要一起做生意呢。 They are going to get married, and ________ they are setting up in business together. 【答案】what's more 【解析】考查插入语。句意：他们就要结婚了，而且还要一起做生意呢。what's more意为“而且，更重要的是”，用于补充说明，位于句中首字母小写（若置于句首则大写）。 10. 去年在那座桥上花费了许多钱。（amounts of） 【答案】Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge last year. 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：去年在那座桥上花费了许多钱。large amounts of意为“大量的”，后接不可数名词money，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，与were spent保持一致，last year提示用一般过去时。 六、单句语法填空 1. The scientist collected water ________ (sample) from different parts of the ocean to study pollution levels. 【答案】samples 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：这位科学家从海洋的不同区域采集了水样来研究污染水平。根据语境可知，样本不止一个，应用名词复数samples作collected的宾语。故填samples。 2. It is widely believed that humans ________ (evolution) from apes over millions of years. 【答案】evolved 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：人们普遍认为人类是在数百万年间从猿类进化而来的。空处在宾语从句中作谓语，描述过去发生的过程，evolution的动词形式为evolve，用一般过去时。故填evolved。 3. The police ________ (suspect) that the man was involved in the cybercrime case. 【答案】suspected 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：警方怀疑这名男子参与了这起网络犯罪案件。空处在句中作谓语，描述过去发生的动作，suspect意为“猜想，怀疑”，用一般过去时。故填suspected。 4. The ________ (ancestor) of modern birds were small dinosaurs that lived millions of years ago. 【答案】ancestors 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：现代鸟类的祖先是生活在数百万年前的小型恐龙。根据语境可知，祖先不止一个，应用名词复数ancestors作主语。故填ancestors。 5. The ________ (evolve) of species is a slow process that can take thousands of years. 【答案】evolution 【解析】考查名词。句意：物种的进化是一个缓慢的过程，可能需要数千年。空处在句中作主语，被定冠词The修饰，evolve的名词形式为evolution，意为“进化”。故填evolution。 6. Wind turbines are used for the ________ (generate) of electricity for thousands of homes in this area. 【答案】generation 【解析】考查名词。句意：风力发电机被用于为该地区数千户家庭发电。空处作for的宾语，被定冠词the修饰，generate的名词形式为generation，意为“产生，发电”。故填generation。 7. One of the main ________ (characteristic) of this plant is its strong resistance to cold weather. 【答案】characteristics 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：这种植物的主要特征之一是它对寒冷天气有很强的抵抗力。“one of + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，characteristic意为“特征”，用复数形式characteristics。故填characteristics。 8. The colonies ________ (declare) their independence from England.  【答案】declared 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这些殖民地宣布脱离英国独立。空处在句中作谓语，declare意为“宣布，声明”，描述过去发生的动作（殖民地独立是历史事件），用一般过去时。故填declared。 9. For them,environment concerns are secondary as compared to their________ (survive).  【答案】survival 【解析】考查名词。句意：对他们来说，与环境问题相比，生存是更重要的。空处作to的宾语，被形容词性物主代词their修饰，survive的名词形式为survival，意为“生存”。故填survival。 10. The village is ________ (遥远的) from the nearest town, so residents rarely go out. 【答案】distant 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个村庄离最近的城镇很远，所以居民很少外出。根据中文提示“遥远的”可知，此处应用形容词distant，作表语。故填distant。 11. The concert gained ________ (world) recognition and was broadcast to millions of viewers. 【答案】worldwide 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这场音乐会获得了全世界的认可，并向数百万观众广播。空处修饰名词recognition，应用形容词worldwide，意为“全世界的”。故填worldwide。 12. The robbery occurred in broad daylight,in a ________ (crowd) street.  【答案】crowded 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这起抢劫案发生在光天化日之下的一条拥挤的街道上。空处修饰名词street，应用形容词作定语，crowd的形容词形式为crowded，意为“拥挤的”。故填crowded。 13. He will not give up until he finds convincing (evident). 【答案】evidence 【解析】考查名词。句意：他找到令人信服的证据之前不会放弃。空处作finds的宾语，被形容词convincing修饰，应用名词evidence，意为“证据”，为不可数名词。故填evidence。 14. The ________ (legend) hero was said to have defeated a terrible monster. 【答案】legendary 【解析】考查形容词。句意：据说这位传奇英雄击败了一个可怕的怪物。空处修饰名词hero，应用形容词legendary，意为“传奇的，传说中的”。故填legendary。 15. The two crimes are closely ________ (link) to each other, according to the police report. 【答案】linked 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：根据警方报告，这两起犯罪彼此密切相关。空处与are构成被动语态，link意为“联系”，用过去分词形式linked，be linked to为固定搭配。故填linked。 一、语法填空 （一） （25-26高二下·浙江·月考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡上。 Get off the train and the first thing you meet in Zhongwei, Ningxia, is a warm wind that smells of sand. In other words, the desert is impossible ____1____ (ignore) for visitors here. The Shapotou area, ____2____ famous place, lies between the Tengger Desert and the Yellow River. It has big sand hills, winding (蜿蜒的) rivers, high mountains and green fields. These different ____3____ (view)come together and show the strong beauty of the north and the soft charm of the south. In recent years, Zhongwei ____4____ (try) to build a special travel name by doing new things in the desert. For example, the Desert Legends show brings local tales to life through dynamic song and dance, and the Diamond Hotel ____5____ (surprise) many visitors with its amazing architecture. ____6____ makes these projects good is that they turn a short desert visit into a several-day trip. Travelers can watch bright stars ____7____ night and join hands-on folk classes in the day. Now many people choose to sleep in tents on the sand, ____8____ (turn) this once-quiet place into a busy spot full of life and hope. When the early sun colors the dunes (沙丘) pink and light purple, the smell of ____9____ (new) made camel-milk tea moves through the tents, and the wish for another ____10____ (forgettable) day rises with the sun. 【答案】1. to ignore 2. a 3. views 4. has tried##has been trying 5. surprises 6. What 7. at 8. turning 9. newly 10. unforgettable 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了宁夏中卫的沙漠旅游特色及其吸引游客的独特之处。 1.考查动词不定式。句意：换句话说，沙漠对这里的游客来说是不可能忽视的。句子结构为“主语+be动词+形容词+不定式”，形容词“impossible”后接不定式作状语。故填to ignore。 2.考查冠词。句意：沙坡头是一个著名的地方，位于腾格里沙漠和黄河之间。此处泛指“一个著名的地方”，且“famous”以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词“a”。故填a 3.考查名词复数。句意：这些不同的景色结合在一起，展现了北方的壮美和南方的柔美。 根据“different”和谓语动词“come”可知，此处需用复数形式作主语。故填views。 4.考查时态。句意：近年来，中卫一直努力通过在沙漠中创新来打造独特的旅游品牌。时间状语“In recent years”提示动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，或者表示动作持续进行，用现在完成进行时，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填has tried/has been trying。 5.考查时态。句意：例如，“沙漠传说”表演通过充满活力的歌曲和舞蹈将当地的故事生动地展现出来，而“钻石酒店”则凭借其令人惊叹的建筑设计给众多游客带来了惊喜。主语“the Diamond Hotel”为单数，且描述客观事实，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填surprises。 6.考查主语从句引导词。句意：使这些项目出色的是它们将短暂的沙漠游览变成了多日旅行。空处引导主语从句，从句缺主语且指代事物，需用“What”引导主语从句。故填What。 7.考查固定搭配。句意：旅行者可以在夜晚观看明亮的星星，白天参加动手的民俗课程。 “at night”为固定搭配，表示“在夜晚”。故填at。 8.考查现在分词。句意：现在许多人选择睡在沙地的帐篷里，将这个曾经安静的地方变成了充满生机和希望的繁忙景点。句子谓语动词是choose，turn用非谓语动词，根据句意，此处用现在分词“turning”作伴随状语，表示与谓语动词的动作同时发生的动作。故填turning。 9.考查副词。句意：当初升的太阳将沙丘染成粉红色和浅紫色时，新沏的骆驼奶茶的香气便在帐篷间弥漫开来，人们心中也涌起对又一个（难以忘怀的）日子的渴望。“made”为过去分词，需用副词“newly”修饰过去分词made，表示“新近制作的”。故填newly。 10.考查形容词。句意：当初升的太阳将沙丘染成粉红色和浅紫色时，新沏的骆驼奶茶的香气便在帐篷间弥漫开来，人们心中也涌起对又一个（难以忘怀的）日子的渴望。此处需用形容词“unforgettable”修饰名词“day”。故填unforgettable。 （二） （25-26高二上·重庆·月考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡上。 Nowadays, ____1____ (visitor) planning a trip to the Wanglang National Nature Reserve in Pingwu County, Sichuan Province, have a great opportunity to gather information about ____2____ destination through mobile apps. Once the apps recognize your interest in Wanglang, its algorithm (算法) will ____3____ (automatic) suggest articles about the area. Before setting foot in the reserve, those interested in the pristine (未开发的) area nestled in the Minshan Mountains of northern Sichuan might find ____4____ (they) reading an article titled “The Returning Beekeeper from the Panda Hometown, Li Xinrui”. The article offers a glimpse into the area’s rich biodiversity. The author, Li Xinrui, is a patrolman (巡护员) at Wanglang. ____5____ only a middle school education, Li has developed a deep understanding of the natural world through self-study and his daily work. His more than 400 articles on science and nature are both informative and engaging, ____6____ (reveal) his passion and knowledge. The man had spent a decade wandering in different regions of the country ____7____ he finally discovered his true calling and passion in his hometown. When referring to his hometown Guanba, people always spoke of its pristine environment and abundant natural resources. ____8____ (inspire), he decided to join the village’s voluntary patrol team. He began learning how to set up infrared (红外线的) cameras ____9____ (monitor) the wildlife inhabiting the forest surrounding the village. He launched a public account in 2016. Since then, he ____10____ (update) the account with articles consistently, sharing his insights and experiences with a broader audience. 【答案】1. visitors 2. the 3. automatically 4. themselves 5. With 6. revealing 7. before 8. Inspired 9. to monitor 10. has been updating##has updated 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了四川王朗国家级自然保护区巡护员李芯锐通过自学和工作实践，积累了对自然世界的深刻理解，并通过撰写文章分享他的见解和经历，激发了人们对保护区的兴趣。 1.考查名词复数。句意：如今，计划前往四川省平武县王朗国家级自然保护区的游客们有一个很好的机会，可以通过手机应用收集关于目的地的信息。主语为visitor，谓语动词为have，且前面无冠词限定，表示一类人，需用复数形式。故填visitors。 2.考查冠词。句意：如今，计划前往四川省平武县王朗国家级自然保护区的游客们有一个很好的机会，可以通过手机应用收集关于目的地的信息。destination特指前文已经明确提到的Wanglang National Nature Reserve (四川平武王朗国家级自然保护区) ，需用定冠词修饰。故填the。 3.考查副词。句意：一旦应用识别出你对王朗的兴趣，它的算法就会自动推荐关于该地区的文章。空处修饰动词suggest，需用副词形式。故填automatically。 4.考查代词。句意：在踏入保护区之前，那些对这个位于川北岷山山脉的未开发区域感兴趣的人可能会发现自己正在阅读一篇题为《从熊猫故乡归来的养蜂人人李芯锐》的文章。find oneself doing sth.为固定结构，意为“发现自己正在做某事”，空处需用反身代词。故填themselves。 5.考查介词。句意：尽管只有中学学历，李芯锐通过自学和日常工作对自然世界形成了深刻的理解。空后为名词短语，表示“仅有中学学历”，需用介词with构成“With only...”结构。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填With。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意：他的400多篇关于科学与自然的文章既信息丰富又引人入胜，揭示了他的热情与知识。分析句子结构，句子已有谓语动词are，空处需填非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语articles与reveal之间是主动关系，需用现在分词。故填revealing。 7.考查连词。句意：他曾在全国不同地区漂泊了十年，最终在家乡找到了自己真正的使命和热情。分析句子可知，空处需用连词连接前后两个句子，前句“漂泊十年”与后句“最终发现”在时间上先后相继。故填before。 8.考查非谓语动词。句意：受到鼓舞，他决定加入村里的义务巡护队。分析句子结构，句子已有谓语动词decided，空处需填非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语he与inspire之间是被动关系，需用过去分词。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Inspired。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意：他开始学习如何安装红外相机来监测栖息在村庄周围森林里的野生动物。分析句子结构，空处表示“安装相机”的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to monitor。 10.考查动词时态。句意：自那时起，他一直持续地在账号上更新文章，与更广泛的受众分享他的见解和经历。Since then（从那时起）表明动作从过去某一时刻开始持续到现在，并可能继续，谓语动词需用现在完成时。或者用现在完成时，强调动作从过去持续到现在。故填has been updating/has updated。 二、完形填空 （25-26高二上·福建·期中）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The plants my mother tended were hearty and had been there for many years. But after my mother was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默症) and was sent in hospital, the plants in our house began to die and the leaves were ____1____ . During that time, I had been so focused on the increasing demands of her own ____2____ that her beloved plants had ____3____ my notice. Later, I ____4____ her job and poured water into the thirsty soil every day. Gradually I understood her sacred job. Unlike children or pets, house plants ____5____ nothing. They wait quietly, no matter how ____6____ for attention. To undertake the care of a plant during a long period of time requires ____7____ for a living thing. Actually it ____8____ entirely on you for survival, but can’t even ask for help. Even as Alzheimer’s disease ____9____ so much of her moment-to-moment memory, the inborn act of caring lasts. After she left hospital and went back home, sometimes I would guide her down the steps to _____10_____ the plants herself. Each time, she smiled up at me with _____11_____, because being able to care for something is still what brings her the greatest joy. Whatever she may _____12_____ moments later, while she is with them, she is fully _____13_____ . Her devotion to the plants has no limit and no end. I look at plants differently these days. I see them as my mother does: quiet reminders of the need for deep _____14_____and love for every living thing. It is clear to me that the things we spend a lifetime cultivating are never truly _____15_____; the kindness she has planted in me still blooms. 1. A. blooming B. swinging C. growing D. dropping 2. A. care B. health C. business D. condition 3. A. got B. escaped C. deserved D. changed 4. A. took over B. applied for C. participated in D. kept on 5. A. promise B. prove C. demand D. complain 6. A. ready B. eager C. necessary D. grateful 7. A. wisdom B. courage C. diligence D. patience 8. A. focuses B. decides C. insists D. depends 9. A. reflects B. improves C. steals D. refreshes 10. A. sell B. water C. admire D. observe 11. A. satisfaction B. gratitude C. praise D. curiosity 12. A. mention B. regret C. share D. forget 13. A. popular B. involved C. concerned D. active 14. A. consideration B. caution C. affection D. conservation 15. A. lost B. developed C. found D. gained 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为专注于照顾生病的妈妈，而忽略妈妈心爱的植物，以致植物开始死亡，叶子也开始脱落。但后来在作者和妈妈的照顾下，它们又活了过来，所以我们花一生培养的东西从来不会真正失去，妈妈在我心里种下的善良依然在盛开。 1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我母亲被诊断出患有阿尔茨海默病并被送进医院后，我们家的植物开始死亡，叶子也开始脱落。A. blooming开花；B. swinging摆动；C. growing生长；D. dropping掉落。根据句中“the plants in our house began to die”可知，植物开始死亡，叶子会脱落。故选D项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我一直专注于对她的照顾，以至于她心爱的植物都被我忽略了。A. care照料，护理；B. health健康；C. business生意；D. condition状况。根据上文“my mother was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默症) and was sent in hospital”和句中“focused on the increasing demands”可知，妈妈住院了，所以作者更专注于对她的照顾。故选A项。 3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我一直专注于对她的照顾，以至于她心爱的植物都被我忽略了。A. got得到；B. escaped忽略；C. deserved应得；D. changed改变。根据上文“the plants in our house began to die and the leaves were　　1　　 .”可知，作者专注于照顾妈妈，所以忽略了植物，植物都快枯死了。故选B项。 4.考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，我接替了她的工作，每天往干渴的土壤里浇水。A. took over接替；B. applied for申请；C. participated in参与；D. kept on继续。根据句中“poured water into the thirsty soil every day.”可知，作者开始照顾植物，接替了妈妈的工作。故选A项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与孩子或宠物不同，室内植物不需要任何东西。A. promise承诺；B. prove证明；C. demand需要；D. complain抱怨。根据句中“Unlike children or pets”可推知，植物与孩子或宠物不同，它们不需要任何东西。故选C项。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们安静地等待，不管多么渴望得到关注。A. ready准备好的；B. eager渴望的；C. necessary必要的；D. grateful感激的。“no matter how”引导让步状语从句，上下文之间有转折对比关系，结合“wait quietly”可推知，它们渴望得到关注，但只会安静等待。故选B项。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：长期照料一株植物需要对一个生物有耐心。A. wisdom智慧；B. courage勇气；C. diligence勤奋；D. patience耐心。根据句中“undertake the care of a plant during a long period of time”可知，长时间照料植物需要耐心。故选D项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其实它完全依靠你生存，但甚至不能请求帮助。A. focuses专注；B. decides决定；C. insists坚持；D. depends依靠。根据句中“for survival”可知，植物要依靠人才能生存。故选D项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使阿尔茨海默氏症偷走了她很多瞬间的记忆，她与生俱来的关爱之心依然存在。A. reflects反映；B. improves改善；C. steals偷；D. refreshes更新。结合“Alzheimer’s disease”和常识可知，患阿尔茨海默氏症的病人会失去记忆，所以阿尔茨海默氏症偷走了妈妈很多瞬间的记忆。故选C项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她出院回家后，有时我会领着她走下台阶，自己给植物浇水。A. sell出售；B. water浇水；C. admire羡慕；D. observe观察。根据下文“she smiled up at me with　　11　　 , because being able to care for something is still what brings her the greatest joy.”可知，作者带妈妈去给植物浇水，给她带为快乐。故选B项。 11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一次，她都满意地对我微笑，因为能够关心一些事情仍然是她最大的快乐。A. satisfaction满意；B. gratitude感激；C. praise赞美；D. curiosity好奇。根据句中“smiled up at me”可推知，妈妈很快乐。故选A项。 12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她和它们在一起的时候，不管过一会儿她会忘记什么，她都是全身心投入的。A. mention提及；B. regret遗憾；C. share分享；D. forget忘记。根据上文可知，阿尔茨海默氏症偷走了妈妈很多瞬间的记忆，所以一会儿她就会遗忘一些事情。故选D项。 13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她和它们在一起的时候，不管过一会儿她会忘记什么，她都是全身心投入的。A. popular受欢迎的；B. involved专心于……的；C. concerned关注的；D. active活跃的。根据上文“because being able to care for something is still what brings her the greatest joy.”可推知，在给植物浇水，和植物在一起的时候，妈妈是专注于此，全身心投入其中的。故选B项。 14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对它们的看法就像我母亲对它们的看法一样：它们无声地提醒着我们，需要对每一种有生命的东西都有深厚的感情和爱。A. consideration考虑；B. caution谨慎；C. affection感情；D. conservation保护。根据句中“and love for every living thing.”可推知，空格处单词与名词love是并列关系，结合上文和选项可知，植物也需要感情和爱。故选C项。 15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很清楚，我们花一生培养的东西从来不会真正失去；她在我身上种下的善良依然在开花。A. lost失去；B. developed发展；C. found发现；D. gained获得。根据上文可知，尽管作者因为专注于照顾生病的妈妈，而忽略妈妈心爱的植物，以致植物开始死亡，叶子也开始脱落，但后来在作者和妈妈的照顾下，它们又活了过来，所以我们花一生培养的东西从来不会真正失去，隐喻下文“the kindness she has planted in me still blooms”。故选A项。 三、应用文写作 （25-26高二下·山东·月考）假定你是校英语俱乐部主席李华，你校将参加国际青年环保展览。你作为贵校代表，请提交一份以“绿色城市”为主题的英文海报，并附以简要说明，内容包括： 1. 海报简介 (主题、设计理念等)； 2. 海报要传达的信息。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: This poster, designed for the International Youth Environmental Exhibition, takes “Green City” as its theme. In terms of design, we adopt green as the main color to symbolize nature. It includes images of green trees, clear rivers and clean parks — these elements vividly show what a green city looks like: a place with fresh air and reduced pollution. The poster expresses our expectation for a more livable living environment. Through it, we aim to convey a simple message: protecting the environment is not hard. Small actions like saving water can help us build a green city together. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生提交一份以“绿色城市”为主题的英文海报，并简要说明海报简介 (主题、设计理念等)以及海报要传达的信息。 【详解】1.词汇积累 采用：adopt→employ 展示：show→reveal 象征：symbolize→indicate 保护：protect→preserve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In terms of design, we adopt green as the main color to symbolize nature. 拓展句：In terms of design, we adopt green as the main color, which can symbolize nature. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Through it, we aim to convey a simple message: protecting the environment is not hard.（运用了动名词短语作主语） 【高分句型2】It includes images of green trees, clear rivers and clean parks — these elements vividly show what a green city looks like: a place with fresh air and reduced pollution.（运用了what引导宾语从句） 16 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $