Unit 2 Let's talk teens 简单句，并列句和主从复合句（核心语法精练）英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦简单句、并列句和主从复合句的系统训练，通过基础识别到语篇应用的递进式设计，提升语法理解与运用能力，培养语言能力和思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考点夯基|单项选择9题、判断句子类型55题、完成句子20题|基础识别（句子类型判断）与主动构建（句式合并转换）|从概念识别（简单句→并列句→主从复合句）到主动构建，形成“识别-分析-应用”逻辑链| |综合提升|语法填空3篇、阅读理解1篇、应用文写作1题|语篇层面语法综合运用（语法填空考查复合句连接词，写作要求运用并列/主从复合句）|从单句到语篇，实现语法知识在真实语境中的迁移应用，强化语言能力|

Unit 2 Let’s talk teens 核心语法精练 （简单句，并列句和主从复合句） 目录 1 1 一、单项选择 1 二、判断下列句子属于简单句，并列句，主从复合句 3 三、阅读短文，写出划线句子是简单句，并列句还是复合句 4 四、完成句子 5 7 一、语法填空（模考真题） 7 二、阅读理解（模考真题） 8 三、应用文写作（模考真题） 9 一、单项选择 1．She heard the exciting news. A．简单句 B．并列复合句 C．主从复合句 2．Scientists developed a new method based on this theory to solve the long-standing problem.判断句子类型 A．并列句 B．简单句 C．复合句 D．并列主从复合句 3．The farm which I visited last year is a nice place. A．简单句 B．并列复合句 C．主从复合句 4．Lose one hour in the morning and you will be looking for it for the rest of the day. A．简单句 B．并列复合句 C．主从复合句 5．Which of the following judgments is correct? A．The storm was approaching, and the villagers quickly secured their homes and gathered essential supplies. (并列句) B．The experiment yielded unexpected results, so the team decided to repeat it under stricter conditions. (简单句) C．He not only completed the arduous project ahead of schedule but also documented the entire process for future reference. (复合句) D．The ancient forest, which had stood for centuries, was a vital ecosystem for countless species. (简单句) 6．Which of the following statements is correct? A．Advocates of keeping handwriting skills as part of a curriculum point to a lot of evidence to support their stand. (复合句) B．Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting broken bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the arca. (并列句) C．It makes one think about why generosity is so powerful in the first place. (复合句) D．Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite. (简单句) 7．They lay in the cliff top grass with the sea stretching out far below. 此句为_________. A．简单句 B．并列句 C．复合句 D．倒装句 8．Tom, a hard-working and friendly boy from Class 3, got up early in the morning, put on his school uniform quickly, had a quick breakfast of bread and milk, rode his bike to school through the busy streets, and arrived at the classroom just in time for the first class. 该句为：________ A．简单句 B．并列句 C．复合句 D．祈使句 9．“Speak more, and you will improve your spoken English.” The type of the sentence is _________. A．简单句 B．复合句 C．并列句 D．感叹句 二、判断下列句子属于简单句、并列句、还是主从复合句。 1．He doesn’t come from France.____ 2．The task is very difficult, yet they don’t think so.____ 3．It’s our duty to love our environment and protect it.____ 4．You must explain to your parents why you have done that.____ 5．A raincoat or an umbrella can help you not to get wet in rain.____ 6．You should communicate with your parents when you are upset.____ 7．I had an unusual experience and I experienced an amazing trip with my friends.______ 8．We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. ________ 9．The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. ________ 10．There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? ________ 11．My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. ________ 12．He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. ________ 13．He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. ________ 14．Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. ________ 15．What he said at the meeting is very important,isn’t it? ________ 16．The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. ________ 17．Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. ________ 18．She was aged six when she first went to school.                                        ______ 19．I asked him to come with me and he agreed.                                             ______ 20．While there is life there is hope.                                                      ______ 21．I have never met Carl before, nor have I heard of him.                                     ______ 22．You weren’t at the meeting yesterday to hear what other people thought about this problem.    ______ 23．You can either write to me or call me in my office.                                     ______ 24．We must hurry, or we’ll be late for class.                                             ______ 25．A man familiar with the subject can quickly catch the main idea of the lecture.                 ______ 26．You can’t count on him for help: he is such a busy man.                                 ______ 27．Bill often sleeps late and has no time for breakfast.                                         ______ 28．Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. _________________ 29．There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? _________________ 30．The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. _________________ 31．He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. _________________ 32．Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.    _________________ 33．What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? _________________ 34．It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. _________________ 35．Having never operated a computer, Mr Johnson met with a lot of difficulties at first. _________________ 36．We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. _________________ 37．My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. _________________ 38．Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. ___________ 39．But he employs more men for the harvest. ___________ 40．My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. ___________ 41．It doesn’t often rain in the summer here. ___________ 42．As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. ___________ 43．Every evening we pump water from a well. ___________ 44．It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden. ___________ 45．This is where we met for the first time. ___________ 46．You’d better take an umbrella，for it is going to rain. ___________ 47．We found the classroom full of cheerful students and teachers. ___________ 48．We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. ___________ 49．The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. ___________ 50．He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. ___________ 51．He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. ___________ 52．Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. ___________ 53．What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? ___________ 54．The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. ___________ 55．Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. ___________ 三．阅读短文，写出画线句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句 ____1____ My parents love me very much. However, they like making almost all decisions for me. ____2____ They choose schools and subjects for me, and sometimes even the daily timetables have to be decided by them. In my opinion, deciding everything for children does not help them but harm them in many ways. Firstly, ____3____ it will make children less confident，which is useless to their development. Secondly, ____4____ in many cases parents don't care about children's personal ideas and interests，which will influence their growth greatly. As a result，a lot of children are complaining! I do believe to grow to be independent is a natural way for everybody. Parents should give us chances to make our decisions. They may help us make choices instead of replacing us to make choices. After all, ____5____ there are a lot of things for us to explore by ourselves. 四、完成句子 1．How can we improve our English quickly? It is a question. （将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句） ______________________________________________ 2．Who won the game? It is not important. （将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句） ______________________________________________ 3．He will come to the party. It is uncertain.（将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句） ______________________________________________ 4．We should take measures to protect the environment. It is necessary. （将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句） ______________________________________________ 5．I tried a lot. I still failed in the exam. (将简单句合并为恰当的主从复合句) ______________________________________________ 6．The novel was written by J. K. Rowling. It has been translated into multiple languages. (将简单句合并为恰当的主从复合句) ______________________________________________ 7．This is a large car factory. It has been producing cars. (将简单句合并为恰当的主从复合句) ______________________________________________ 8．She is very short. She can’t reach the buttons of the lift. (将简单句合并为恰当的主从复合句) ______________________________________________ 9．He said a lot at the meeting. His words were very attractive.(把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 10．The boy is my brother. He is wearing a blue jacket. (将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句) → The boy ________ ________ ________ a blue jacket is my brother. 11．Shall we go picnicking tomorrow? It depends on the weather. (把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 12．The man called the police. His car was stolen. （将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句） → The man ________ car was stolen called the police. 13．The movie was very interesting. We watched it last night. （将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句） → The movie ________ we watched last night was very interesting. 14．We should practise oral English for an hour every day. It is our rule. (把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 15．It was a pity. You missed such a good lecture. (把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 16．Why did they suddenly disappear? It still remains a mystery.(把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 17．Living with host families gives them the chance to learn more about the new culture. In the families there may be other college students.(用非限制性定语从句把两个简单句合并为一个复合句) ________________________________________________________________________ 18．This is the house. I grew up in it. (将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句) → This is the house ________ I grew up ________. 19．Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for them. It is quite unexpected. （合并为一个主从复合句） Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for them, ________ ________quite unexpected. 20．I am busy taking part in debate every weekend. We can exchange ideas and share thoughts through debating. (合并为一个含有原因状语从句的主从复合句) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A It is common for family members to experience heated debates and cold 5 (silent) under the same roof. The phenomenon (现象) results from imbalanced development of physical and mental aspects in adolescence (青春期). Your physical changes, 6 (include) height, voice, weight, or spots problems make you experience high levels of anxiety. On the other hand, you may think it 7 (nature) to take on more responsibilities independently. 8 (unlucky), your parents can't always allow you to do whatever you want, which can give rise to inharmonious (不和谐的) family relationships. There are some ways 9 (solve) the problems. Above all, faced with the parent-child tensions, you had better keep your peace. Of equal importance are putting yourself in your parents' 10 (shoe) and regularly and honestly 11 (communicate) with them. And you need to know 12 this stormy period will not last long. Everything will turn out all right in the end, and the changes and challenges of your teenage years 13 (prepare) you to become 14 adult in the future. B I wanted to do something special for my 15-year-old son, 1 has always been a perfect boy. He worked all the summer to earn enough money to buy 2 (he) a new bicycle instead of asking for money from me. Then he spent hours and hours on it. I loved my son so much 3 I bought him a pair of sunglasses and gloves. When my son rode the bicycle with them, he looked very cool. He dreamed 4 taking part in a race and winning. On November 10th, my birthday, when I went to the kitchen to start the milk and bread in the morning, I found 5 beautiful guitar on the table, beside which was a card, 6 (say) “Happy birthday to my wonderful mother. ”I was surprised and then began to sob. I remembered once I 7 (joke) to my family that I wanted to learn playing the guitar to make my life colorful. I had forgotten it, but my son remembered. He took it 8 (serious), and bought me one as a birthday gift. When I wondered 9 my son could buy this expensive gift, soon I realized that my son had sold his bicycle 10 (get) me the guitar. C Mr Bradley has a nine-year-old grandson 1 (name ) Jimmy. Not long ago, they moved to a new house. Mr Bradley spent two weeks 2 (make) Jimmy’s bedroom nicer. After learning Jimmy liked it, Mr Bradley shared a video 3 showed the room with joy online . Mr Bradley first showed a colorful wall. There are some pictures of Winnie the Pooh on the wall. “It is one of Jimmy’s favourite 4 (film) ,” he said. Then Mr Bradley proudly 5   (show) Jimmy’s bed. The bed had wheels. Mr Bradley pulled it and explained, “When I need to clean the floor under the bed, I can move it 6 (easy).” To keep his grandson safe, Mr Bradley also added a fire alarm 7 the room. Many people described 8 (they) feelings online after watching the video. “I think Mr Bradley is a great grandfather. He created a wonderful world for his grandson,” one wrote. “The room looks so nice that I wish I could live there. It is more than a room. It’s 9 symbol of love and care. I plan 10 (try) doing something similar for my family,” another wrote. 二、阅读理解 When my teenage son became seriously ill, terrible times for my family began. Our once-happy home became tense and depressing. My husband and I were very tired under the great stress of caring for my son. It was as if we forgot how to communicate — we couldn’t have a simple conversation without fighting. Our marriage was on the point of breaking up. One evening, my son and I were talking about gifts. I recalled my first Valentine’s present from my husband, a kazoo (a musical instrument). I was awkward when I received it because I couldn’t get it to make a sound although I am a professional saxophone player. However hard I tried, it just never worked. The kazoo eventually got packed away and forgotten. My son was interested and insisted on (坚持) seeing it. After some trouble, I found it. “You couldn’t get a sound? What’s so hard about it?” my husband asked, amazed. He took the kazoo and blew. Nothing happened. Surprised, he tried again. Still there was no sound. Frustrated (懊恼的), he tried again, only to produce a funny sound like an angry bee trapped in the mouth of a bear. We burst into laughter. My son took a turn playing the kazoo. He did no better than us, causing more laughter. Seeing his face light up, we felt as if the darkness had lifted and a little sunshine was let in. It was the best ten minutes of the past couple of years. The mood stayed light for the rest of the evening. It didn’t solve anything. But this experience with the kazoo brought some change in our hearts that always reminds us that there are still things to laugh at and enjoy, and that we can still connect as a family. 1．What started the family’s trouble? A．Lack of daily communication. B．The son’s serious illness. C．Endless family quarrels. D．Broken marriage relationship. 2．Why was the author embarrassed when she got the kazoo? A．She failed to play it well. B．She disliked the gift. C．She had no time to learn it. D．She had never seen it before. 3．What result came from playing the kazoo? A．They decided to play it often. B．The son showed a real talent. C．The funny sound attracted bees. D．They shared great fun together. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The trouble was totally gone. B．Old memories were called up. C．The family felt reconnected. D．Their speaking skills were improved. 三、应用文写作 Mrs. Zhang最近在与儿子的相处中有点麻烦，特email某青少年杂志寻求帮助。内容包括： 1、孩子随着年龄的增加，身体出现了某些变化，如皮肤油腻、出现红点； 2、母子争吵，孩子情绪焦躁，不听安慰，不想求医。 注意：1、词数：不少于80字； 2、可适当增加某些细节； 3、恰当运用并列复合句、主从复合句。 Dear Editor, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best Wishes Mrs. Zhang ( 10 / 10 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Let’s talk teens 核心语法精练 考点夯基 一、单项选择 1. A 2.B 3.C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. C 二、指出下列句中画线部分是什么句子成分 1．简单句 2．并列句 3．简单句 4．主从复合句 5．简单句 6．主从复合句 7．并列句 8．简单句 9．主从复合句 10．简单句 11．简单句 12．并列句 13．主从复合句 14．并列句 15．主从复合句 16．简单句 17．简单句 18．复合句 19．并列句 20．复合句 21．并列句 22．复合句 23．并列句 24．并列句 25．简单句 26．并列句 27．简单句 28．简单句 29．简单句 30．复合句—定语从句； 31．复合句—状语从句； 32．并列句 33．复合句—主语从句 34．并列句 35．简单句 36．并列复合句 37．简单句38．复合句 39．简单句 40．简单句 41．简单句 42．简单句 43．简单句 44．简单句 45．复合句 46．并列句 47．简单句48．简单句 49．复合句 50．并列句 51．复合句 52．并列句 53．复合句 54．简单句 55．简单句 三、阅读短文，写出画线句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句 1．简单句 2．并列句 3．复合句 4．复合句 5．简单句 四、完成句子 1. How we can improve our English quickly is a question./ It is a question how we can improve our English quickly. 2. Who won the game is not important./It is not important who won the game. 3. Whether he will come to the party is uncertain./It is uncertain whether he will come to the party. 4. That we should take measures to protect the environment is necessary./ It is necessary that we should take measures to protect the environment. 5. Although I tried a lot, I still failed in the exam. 6. The novel which was written by J. K. Rowling has been translated into multiple languages. 7. This is a large car factory which has been producing cars. 8. She is so short that she can’t reach the buttons of the lift. 9. What he said at the meeting was very attractive. 10. who / that is wearing 11. Whether we will go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather. 12. whose 13. that /which 14. It is our rule that we should practise oral English for an hour every day. 15. It was a pity that you missed such a good lecture. 16. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. 17. Living with host families, in which / where there may be other college students, gives them the chance to learn more about the new culture. 18. which/that in 19. which is 20. I am busy taking part in debate every weekend because we can exchange ideas and share thoughts through debating. 综合提升 一、语法填空 （一） 1．silence/silences 2．including 3．natural 4．Unluckily 5．to solve 6．shoes 7．communicating 8．that 9．will prepare 10．an （二） 1．who 2．himself 3．that 4．of/about 5．a 6．saying 7．joked 8．seriously 9．how 10．to get （三） 1．named 2．making 3．that/which 4．films 5．showed 6．easily 7．to/in 8．their 9．a 10．to try 二、阅读理解 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 三、应用文写作 【参考范文】 Dear Editor, I’m writing to ask for advice on my relationship with my teenage son. To tell the truth, I often struggle to get along with him. Recently we have argued with each other a great deal. He is anxious about his skin because it has started to become very oily, with lots of red spots. He is always angry these days and seems less confident. I keep telling him that these changes are normal, and that things will turn out just fine. Of course, I wanted to show my concern for his condition, so I asked him to see a doctor. But then he became angry and we had a big argument. He told me that I was putting even more press on him by talking about his spots all the time. In the end, I sent him to his room. He finally calmed down, but it took some time. The whole experience was really terrible and I do not want to go through the same thing again. What should I do? Best Wishes Mrs. Zhang 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Let’s talk teens 核心语法精练 （简单句，并列句和主从复合句） 目录 1 1 一、单项选择 1 二、判断下列句子属于简单句，并列句，主从复合句 4 三、阅读短文，写出划线句子是简单句，并列句还是复合句 11 四、完成句子 12 17 一、语法填空（模考真题） 17 二、阅读理解（模考真题） 22 三、应用文写作（模考真题） 23 一、单项选择 1．She heard the exciting news. A．简单句 B．并列复合句 C．主从复合句 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：她听到了这个激动人心的消息。该句中She“她”是主语；heard“听到”是谓语；the exciting news“这个激动人心的消息”是宾语，整个句子只有一个主谓结构，所以是简单句。故选A。 2．Scientists developed a new method based on this theory to solve the long-standing problem.判断句子类型 A．并列句 B．简单句 C．复合句 D．并列主从复合句 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子类型。句意：科学家们基于这一理论开发了一种新方法来解决这个长期存在的问题。该句包含一个主语“Scientists”、一个谓语“developed”，以及宾语“a new method”，后续“based on this theory”是过去分词短语作定语，“to solve the long-standing problem”是不定式作目的状语，整个句子仅包含一套主谓结构，没有出现并列连词连接两个或多个分句，也没有包含从句，所以，该句为简单句。故选B项。 3．The farm which I visited last year is a nice place. A．简单句 B．并列复合句 C．主从复合句 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我去年参观过的那个农场是个好地方。分析句子结构可知，本句主句为The farm is a nice place，为主系表结构，主语The farm、系动词is、表语a nice place；which I visited last year为定语从句，修饰先行词The farm，综上所述，这是一个主从复合句。故选C项。 4．Lose one hour in the morning and you will be looking for it for the rest of the day. A．简单句 B．并列复合句 C．主从复合句 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：在早上浪费一个小时，你就会在这一天的其余时间里寻找它。分析句子可知，该句由并列连词“and”连接两个独立的简单句（“Lose one hour in the morning”和“you will be looking for it for the rest of the day”），两个分句在语法上地位平等，无主从关系，符合并列复合句的定义。这是典型的“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”结构，表示条件与结果的逻辑关系。故选B项。 5．Which of the following judgments is correct? A．The storm was approaching, and the villagers quickly secured their homes and gathered essential supplies. (并列句) B．The experiment yielded unexpected results, so the team decided to repeat it under stricter conditions. (简单句) C．He not only completed the arduous project ahead of schedule but also documented the entire process for future reference. (复合句) D．The ancient forest, which had stood for centuries, was a vital ecosystem for countless species. (简单句) 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子正误。以下哪项判断是正确的？A. The storm was approaching, and the villagers quickly secured their homes and gathered essential supplies. (并列句) 那场风暴正在逼近，村民们迅速加固了自家房屋，并储备了必需的物资。(并列句)，句子由并列连词and连接两个独立分句，正确；B. The experiment yielded unexpected results, so the team decided to repeat it under stricter conditions. (简单句) 这次实验得出了出乎意料的结果，因此研究团队决定在更严格的条件下重新进行实验。(简单句) 由并列连词so连接两个分句，存在两个主谓结构，是并列句而非简单句，判断错误。C. He not only completed the arduous project ahead of schedule but also documented the entire process for future reference. (复合句) 他不仅提前完成了这项艰巨的任务，而且还完整记录了整个过程，以便日后参考。(复合句) “not only...but also...” 连接的是主句的两个并列谓语（completed 和 documented），整个句子仅一个主谓结构（主语 He，谓语为并列结构），属于简单句而非复合句，判断错误。；D. The ancient forest, which had stood for centuries, was a vital ecosystem for countless species. (简单句) 这片古老的森林历经数世纪而屹立不倒，是众多物种赖以生存的重要生态系统。(简单句) 包含定语从句 “which had stood for centuries”（修饰先行词 the ancient forest），存在主句和从句，属于复合句而非简单句，判断错误。故选A。 6．Which of the following statements is correct? A．Advocates of keeping handwriting skills as part of a curriculum point to a lot of evidence to support their stand. (复合句) B．Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting broken bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the arca. (并列句) C．It makes one think about why generosity is so powerful in the first place. (复合句) D．Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite. (简单句) 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。A项，句意：主张将手写技能作为课程的一部分的人指出，有很多证据支持他们的观点。其为简单句，主语为Advocates of keeping handwriting skills as part of a curriculum ，谓语为point to ，宾语为a lot of evidence to support their stand. B项，句意：夏洛特发现自己除了为该地区的所有婴儿接生外，还为受损的四肢和骨折进行了手术。其为简单句，Charlotte为主语，found为谓语，herself为宾语，operating on damaged limbs and setting broken bones为宾补，in addition to delivering all the babies in the arca为状语。C项，句意：这让人首先思考为什么慷慨如此强大。其为复合句，其中why generosity is so powerful in the first place为宾语从句。D项，句意：好习惯总是能带来高效率，而坏习惯则相反。其为并列句，其中while为“然而”，表对比，是并列连词。故选C项。 7．They lay in the cliff top grass with the sea stretching out far below. 此句为_________. A．简单句 B．并列句 C．复合句 D．倒装句 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：他们躺在悬崖顶上的草地上，大海在下面延伸得很远。分析句子可知，They是主语，lay是谓语动词，in the cliff top grass是介词短语，在句中作状语，with the sea stretching out far below是with的复合结构，作伴随状语，所以本句是简单句。故选A项。 8．Tom, a hard-working and friendly boy from Class 3, got up early in the morning, put on his school uniform quickly, had a quick breakfast of bread and milk, rode his bike to school through the busy streets, and arrived at the classroom just in time for the first class. 该句为：________ A．简单句 B．并列句 C．复合句 D．祈使句 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子类型。句意：汤姆是三班一个勤奋友好的男孩，他早上早起，迅速穿上校服，快速吃了面包牛奶当早餐，骑车穿过繁忙街道去学校，最后刚好赶上第一节课到达教室。分析句子结构可知，该句核心为主语“Tom”，其后“a hard-working and friendly boy from Class 3”是同位语，用来补充说明主语身份，句中“got up early...put on...had...rode...and arrived...”是五个并列的谓语动词短语，由连词“and”连接，共同作谓语，整个句子只有一套主谓结构，无从句引导词，也无并列连词连接两个独立分句。因此，该句为简单句。故选A项。 9．“Speak more, and you will improve your spoken English.” The type of the sentence is _________. A．简单句 B．复合句 C．并列句 D．感叹句 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：多说，你的英语口语就会提高。本句为“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，属于and连接的并列句。故选C。 二、判断下列句子属于简单句、并列句、还是主从复合句 1．He doesn’t come from France.____ 2．The task is very difficult, yet they don’t think so.____ 3．It’s our duty to love our environment and protect it.____ 4．You must explain to your parents why you have done that.____ 5．A raincoat or an umbrella can help you not to get wet in rain.____ 6．You should communicate with your parents when you are upset.____ 7．I had an unusual experience and I experienced an amazing trip with my friends.______ 8．We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. ________ 9．The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. ________ 10．There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? ________ 11．My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. ________ 12．He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. ________ 13．He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. ________ 14．Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. ________ 15．What he said at the meeting is very important,isn’t it? ________ 16．The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. ________ 17．Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. ________ 18．She was aged six when she first went to school.                                        ______ 19．I asked him to come with me and he agreed.                                             ______ 20．While there is life there is hope.                                                      ______ 21．I have never met Carl before, nor have I heard of him.                                     ______ 22．You weren’t at the meeting yesterday to hear what other people thought about this problem.    ______ 23．You can either write to me or call me in my office.                                     ______ 24．We must hurry, or we’ll be late for class.                                             ______ 25．A man familiar with the subject can quickly catch the main idea of the lecture.                 ______ 26．You can’t count on him for help: he is such a busy man.                                 ______ 27．Bill often sleeps late and has no time for breakfast.                                         ______ 28．Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. _________________ 29．There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? _________________ 30．The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. _________________ 31．He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. _________________ 32．Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.    _________________ 33．What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? _________________ 34．It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. _________________ 35．Having never operated a computer, Mr Johnson met with a lot of difficulties at first. _________________ 36．We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. ________________ 37．My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. _________________ 38．Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. ___________ 39．But he employs more men for the harvest. ___________ 40．My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. ___________ 41．It doesn’t often rain in the summer here. ___________ 42．As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. ___________ 43．Every evening we pump water from a well. ___________ 44．It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden. ___________ 45．This is where we met for the first time. ___________ 46．You’d better take an umbrella，for it is going to rain. ___________ 47．We found the classroom full of cheerful students and teachers. ___________ 48．We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. ___________ 49．The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. ___________ 50．He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. ___________ 51．He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. ___________ 52．Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. ___________ 53．What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? ___________ 54．The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. ___________ 55．Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. ___________ 【答案】1．简单句 2．并列句 3．简单句 4．主从复合句 5．简单句 6．主从复合句 7．并列句 8．简单句 9．主从复合句 10．简单句 11．简单句 12．并列句 13．主从复合句 14．并列句 15．主从复合句 16．简单句 17．简单句 18．复合句 19．并列句 20．复合句 21．并列句 22．复合句 23．并列句 24．并列句 25．简单句 26．并列句 27．简单句 28．简单句 29．简单句 30．复合句—定语从句； 31．复合句—状语从句； 32．并列句 33．复合句—主语从句 34．并列句 35．简单句 36．并列复合句 37．简单句38．复合句 39．简单句 40．简单句 41．简单句 42．简单句 43．简单句 44．简单句 45．复合句 46．并列句 47．简单句48．简单句 49．复合句 50．并列句 51．复合句 52．并列句 53．复合句 54．简单句 55．简单句 【详解】1．考查句子结构（简单句）。句意：他不是法国人。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个“主+谓+状”的简单句。 2．考查句子结构（并列句）。句意：这项任务很困难，但他们不这么认为。 分析句子结构可知，本句是一个由连词yet连接的并列句。第一个分句是“主+系+表”的简单句，第二个分句是“主+谓+状”的简单句。 3．考查句子结构（简单句）。句意：这是我们的责任，爱我们的环境和保护它。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个 “主+系+表”的简单句，使用了it作形式主语，即“it +be + n. + to do sth.”句型。 4．考查句子结构（复合句）。句意：你必须向你的父母解释你为什么那样做。 分析句子结构可知，本句是一个包含宾语从句的主从复合句，why引导的从句作explain的宾语。 5．考查句子结构（简单句）。句意：雨衣或雨伞可以帮助你在雨中不被淋湿。 分析句子结构可知，本句是一个“主+谓+宾+宾补”的简单句。 6．考查句子结构（复合句）。句意：当你难过的时候，你应该和你的父母交流。 分析句子结构可知，本句是一个包含when引导时间状语从句的主从复合句，when引导的时间状语从句修饰了整个主句。 7．考查句子结构（并列句）。句意：我有一次不寻常的经历，我和我的朋友们经历了一次奇妙的旅行。本句是一个由连词and连接的并列句。第一个分句是“主+谓+宾”的简单句，第二个分句是“主+谓+宾+状”的简单句。 8．考查句子种类。句意：我们经常在星期五下午学习中国历史。分析句子结构可知，句中只有一套主谓，这是一个主谓宾状的简单句。 9．考查句子种类。句意：给我让座的那个男孩叫汤姆。分析句子结构可知，句中含有一个由who引导的定语从句修饰前面的名词boy，这是一个主从复合句。 10．考查句子种类。句意：这个房间里有一把椅子，是吗？分析句子结构可知，这是一个反意疑问句，同样只有一套主谓，这是一个简单句。 11．考查句子种类。句意：我哥哥和我早上七点半去学校，晚上七点回家。分析句子结构可知，句中第一个并列连词and并列了两个主语，第二个and并列了两个谓语和宾语，均属于并列结构，因此这是一个存在并列主语和并列谓语宾语的简单句。 12．考查句子种类。句意：他在一班，我在二班。分析句子结构可知，并列连词and并列了两个简单句，故这是一个并列句。 13．考查句子种类。句意：他还是个孩子的时候就喜欢画画。分析句子结构可知，句中存在一个when引导的时间状语从句，故这是一个主从复合句。 14．考查句子种类。句意：他既没有改变主意，也不会改变主意。分析句子结构可知，这是一个由并列连词neither…nor…连接的并列句。 15．考查句子种类。句意：他在会上说的话很重要，是吗？分析句子结构可知，句中存在一个what引导的主语从句，故这是一个主从复合句。 16．考查句子种类。句意：农夫正在教男孩如何种树。分析句子结构可知，句中只有一套主谓结构，而后面的连词how接的to do不定式作句子的直接宾语，故这是个主谓宾宾的简单句。 17．考查句子种类。句意：汤姆和杰克都喜欢乡村音乐。分析句子结构可知，both…and…在句中并列了两个主语，其谓语只有一个，故这还是一个简单句。 18．考查句子结构判断。句意：她第一次上学时只有六岁。分析句子结构可知，此处为when引导的状语从句，为复合句。故填：复合句。 19．考查句子结构判断。句意：我请他和我一起来，他同意了。分析句子结构可知，此处为and连接的并列句。故填：并列句。 20．考查句子结构判断。句意：有生命就有希望。分析句子结构可知，此处为while引导条件状语从句，为复合句。故填：复合句。 21．考查句子结构判断。句意：我以前从未见过卡尔，也没有听说过他。分析句子结构可知，nor用来连接否定的并列成分，放在 not, no, never 等否定词后，表示“也不”，与 or 的用法类似，连接并列句。故填：并列句。 22．考查句子结构判断。句意：昨天的会议上，你没有听取别人对这个问题的看法。分析句子结构可知，hear后跟宾语从句，此处为复合句。故填：复合句。 23．考查句子结构判断。句意：你可以写信给我，也可以打电话到我的办公室。分析句子结构可知，either…or…表示“要么……要么”，连接并列句。故填：并列句。 24．考查句子结构判断。句意：我们必须快点，否则上课就迟到了。分析句子结构可知，or表示“或者”连接并列句。故填：并列句。 25．考查句子结构判断。句意：熟悉这一主题的人能很快抓住讲座的主要内容。分析句子结构可知，句子主语为A man，谓语为catch，宾语为the main idea，此处为“主谓宾”结构，为简单句。故填：简单句。 26．考查句子结构判断。句意：你不能指望他帮忙，他是个大忙人。分析句子结构可知，冒号的主要作用是表示同位关系，此处为并列句。故填：并列句。 27．考查句子结构判断。句意：比尔经常睡得很晚，没有时间吃早餐。分析句子结构可知，句子主语为Bill，谓语动词为sleep和has，宾语为time，为“主谓宾”结构，是简单句。故填：简单句。 28．考查句子类型。句意：汤姆和杰克都喜欢乡村音乐。分析句子结构可知，句子是简单句，是主谓宾结构，故答案为“简单句”。 29．考查句子类型。句意：这个房间里有一把椅子，是吗？分析句子结构可知，句子是存在句，属于简单句，isn’t there是反义疑问句，故答案为“简单句”。 30．考查句子类型。句意：给我让座的那个男孩叫汤姆。分析句子结构可知，句子含有who引导的限制性定语从句，属于复合句，故答案为“复合句—定语从句”。 31．考查句子类型。句意：他还是个孩子的时候就喜欢画画。分析句子结构可知，句子是含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句，故答案为“复合句—状语从句”。 32．考查句子类型。句意：他既没有改变主意，也不会改变。分析句子结构可知，neither...nor...是固定搭配，前后两句是并列关系，句子属于并列句，故答案为“并列句”。 33．考查句子类型。句意：他在会上说的话很重要，是吗？分析句子结构可知，“What he said at the meeting”是what引导的主语从句，因此句子是复合句，故答案为“复合句—主语从句”。 34．考查句子类型。句意：这是一年中收获稻谷的时候，所以我每天从早到晚工作。分析句子结构可知，句子是so连接的并列句，故答案为“并列句”。 35．考查句子类型。句意：由于从未操作过计算机，约翰逊先生起初遇到了很多困难。分析句子结构可知，“Having never operated a computer”是非谓语，谓语是met，句子属于简单句，故答案为“简单句”。 36．考查句子类型。句意：我们在美国南部种植水稻，但在寒冷的北部种植小麦。分析句子结构可知，句子是but连接的两个并列句，其中where引导的是限制性定语从句，因此句子是并列复合句。故答案为“并列复合句”。 37．考查句子类型。句意：我哥哥和我早上七点半去上学，晚上七点回家。分析句子结构可知，句子是主谓状结构的简单句，故答案为“简单句”。 38．考查句子结构。句意：虽然农场很大，但我爸爸只有两个人为他工作。本句中Although引导的让步状语从句，所以是复合句，故填复合句。 39．考查句子结构。句意： 但他雇佣了更多的人来收割。But he employs more men for the harvest，he为主语，employs为谓语，more men为宾语，所以本句结构是主谓宾，故填简单句。 40． 考查句子结构。句意：我哥哥照料菜园。  My brother takes care of the vegetable garden，My brother为主语，takes care of为谓语，the vegetable garden为宾语，所以本句结构是主谓宾，故填简单句。 41．考查句子结构。句意：这里夏天不常下雨。It doesn’t often rain in the summer here，It为主语，doesn’t rain为谓语所以本句结构是主谓，故填简单句。 42．考查句子结构。句意：因此，我们不得不给菜园浇水。As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden，we 为主语，have to water为谓语， the vegetable garden为宾语，所以本句结构是主谓宾，故填简单句。 43．考查句子结构。句意： 每天晚上我们从井里抽水。故填简单句。Every evening we pump water from a well，we 为主语，pump为谓语， water为宾语，所以本句结构是主谓宾，故填简单句。 44．考查句子结构。句意：然后沿着通道流向花园的不同部分。故填简单句。It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden，It为主语，runs to为谓语， different parts of the garden为宾语，所以本句结构是主谓宾，故填简单句。 45．考查句子结构。句意：  这是我们第一次见面的地方。This is where we met for the first time，本句中where连接表语从句，在从句中做地点状语，所以是复合句，故填复合句。 46． 考查句子结构。句意：你最好带把伞，因为天要下雨了。You’d better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain，本句中for前后两句为并列句，表原因，所以是并列句，故填并列句。 47．考查句子结构。句意：我们发现教室里坐满了兴高采烈的学生和老师。故填简单句。We found the classroom full of cheerful students and teachers，we 为主语，found为谓语， the classroom为宾语，full of cheerful students and teachers为宾补，所以本句结构是主谓宾补，故填简单句。 48．考查句子种类。句意：我们经常在星期五下午学习中国历史。分析句子结构可知，句中只有一套主谓，这是一个主谓宾状的简单句。故答案为：简单句。 49．考查句子种类。句意：给我让座的那个男孩叫汤姆。分析句子结构可知，句中含有一个由who引导的定语从句修饰前面的名词boy，这是一个主从复合句。故答案为：主从复合句。 50．考查句子种类。句意：他在一班，我在二班。分析句子结构可知，并列连词and连接了两个简单句，故这是一个并列句。故答案为：并列句。 51．考查句子种类。句意：他还是个孩子的时候就喜欢画画。分析句子结构可知，句中存在一个when引导的时间状语从句，故这是一个主从复合句。故答案为：主从复合句。 52．考查句子种类。句意：他既没有改变主意，也不会改变主意。分析句子结构可知，这是一个由并列连词neither…nor…连接的并列句。故答案为：并列句。 53． 考查句子种类。句意：他在会上说的话很重要，是吗？分析句子结构可知，句中存在一个what引导的主语从句，故这是一个主从复合句。故答案为：主从复合句。 54． 考查句子种类。句意：农夫正在教男孩如何种树。分析句子结构可知，句中只有一套主谓结构，连词how后接不定式作句子的直接宾语，故这是个主谓双宾语的简单句。故答案为：简单句。 55．考查句子种类。句意：汤姆和杰克都喜欢乡村音乐。分析句子结构可知，both…and…在句中连接了两个并列主语，其谓语只有一个，故这是一个主谓宾的简单句。故答案为：简单句。 三．阅读短文，写出画线句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句 ____1____ My parents love me very much. However, they like making almost all decisions for me. ____2____ They choose schools and subjects for me, and sometimes even the daily timetables have to be decided by them. In my opinion, deciding everything for children does not help them but harm them in many ways. Firstly, ____3____ it will make children less confident，which is useless to their development. Secondly, ____4____ in many cases parents don't care about children's personal ideas and interests，which will influence their growth greatly. As a result，a lot of children are complaining! I do believe to grow to be independent is a natural way for everybody. Parents should give us chances to make our decisions. They may help us make choices instead of replacing us to make choices. After all, ____5____ there are a lot of things for us to explore by ourselves. 【答案】1．简单句 2．并列句 3．复合句 4．复合句 5．简单句 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者针对父母为孩子作决定给出自己的见解。 1．考查句子结构。句意：我的父母非常爱我。 My parents love me very much是主谓宾的结构，所以是简单句，故填简单句。 2．考查句子结构。句意：他们为我选择学校和科目，有时甚至每天的时间表都要由他们决定。They choose schools and subjects for me是主谓宾结构，是一个简单句，sometimes even the daily timetables have to be decided by them是主谓结构，也是一个简单句，两个简单句用and的连接，构成并列句，故填并列句。 3．考查句子结构。句意：首先，这会使孩子们缺乏自信，这对他们的发展是无益的。句中which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，所以本句为复合句，故填复合句。 4．考查句子结构。句意：其次，在很多情况下，父母并不关心孩子的个人想法和兴趣，这将极大地影响他们的成长。句中which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，所以本句为复合句，故填复合句。 5．考查句子结构。句意：毕竟，有很多事情需要我们自己去探索。 there are a lot of things for us to explore by ourselves是there be句型，本句无连词，是简单句，故填简单句。 四、完成句子 1．How can we improve our English quickly? It is a question. （将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句） ______________________________________________ 【答案】How we can improve our English quickly is a question./ It is a question how we can improve our English quickly. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们如何能快速提高英语是一个问题。原句为两个简单句，可将How can we improve our English quickly变为陈述语序How we can improve our English quickly后作主语从句，放在谓语动词is之前，a question作表语；也可将It is a question作为主句，it作形式主语，how we can improve our English quickly作真正的主语。故改写为How we can improve our English quickly is a question. It is a question how we can improve our English quickly.（或It is a question how we can improve our English quickly.） 2．Who won the game? It is not important. （将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句） ______________________________________________ 【答案】Who won the game is not important./It is not important who won the game. 【详解】考查主语从句。原句中Who won the game是一个疑问，合并后变为陈述语序Who won the game作主语从句，在Who won the game is not important中，此主语从句作句子主语，系动词is作谓语，not important作表语；或者用it作形式主语，who won the game作真正的主语。构成It is not important who won the game，故填Who won the game is not important./It is not important who won the game. 3．He will come to the party. It is uncertain.（将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句） ______________________________________________ 【答案】Whether he will come to the party is uncertain./It is uncertain whether he will come to the party. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他会来参加聚会。这还不确定。表示“他会来参加派对”这件事不确定。Whether he will come to the party作主语从句，Whether引导主语从句表示“是否”，在句首时，系动词is作谓语，uncertain作表语；也可使用it作形式主语，真正的主语whether he will come to the party后置。故填Whether he will come to the party is uncertain.（或 It is uncertain whether he will come to the party.） 4．We should take measures to protect the environment. It is necessary. （将下列简单句合并为含主语从句的复合句） ______________________________________________ 【答案】That we should take measures to protect the environment is necessary./ It is necessary that we should take measures to protect the environment. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们应该采取措施保护环境。这是必要的。第二句中的it指代第一句内容，因此可用第一句替换it作主语（即主语从句），该句句意和成分都完整，用that引导。也可用句型it is necessary that...，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。故改写为：That we should take measures to protect the environment is necessary./ It is necessary that we should take measures to protect the environment. 5．I tried a lot. I still failed in the exam. (将简单句合并为恰当的主从复合句) ______________________________________________ 【答案】Although I tried a lot, I still failed in the exam. 【详解】考查主从复合句。句意：尽管我尝试了很多，我仍然没有通过考试。分析句意可知，两个句子之间存在转折关系，即“尽管……，但是……”，因此可以使用although引导让步状语从句，将两个简单句合并为一个主从复合句。although意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句时，不与but连用，且从句部分I tried a lot使用一般过去时，主句部分I still failed in the exam也使用一般过去时，保持时态一致。故答案为Although I tried a lot, I still failed in the exam. 6．The novel was written by J. K. Rowling. It has been translated into multiple languages. (将简单句合并为恰当的主从复合句) ______________________________________________ 【答案】The novel which was written by J. K. Rowling has been translated into multiple languages. 【详解】考查定语从句。原句句意：这部小说是J. K. Rowling写的。它已被翻译成多种语言。改后句子句意：J. K. Rowling的小说已被翻译成多种语言。按照要求将简单句合并为主从复合句，将It has been translated into multiple languages.作为主句，It替换为名词The novel。The novel was written by J. K. Rowling.改为定语从句，修饰先行词The novel，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，可用which引导。故答案为The novel which was written by J. K. Rowling has been translated into multiple languages. 7．This is a large car factory. It has been producing cars. (将简单句合并为恰当的主从复合句) ______________________________________________ 【答案】This is a large car factory which has been producing cars. 【详解】考查定语从句。原句句意：这是一个大型汽车工厂。它一直在生产汽车。改后句子句意：这是一个一直在生产汽车的大型汽车工厂。按照要求将简单句合并为主从复合句，将This is a large car factory作为主句，It has been producing cars改为定语从句，修饰先行词factory，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，可用which引导，替换代词It。故答案为This is a large car factory which has been producing cars. 8．She is very short. She can’t reach the buttons of the lift. (将简单句合并为恰当的主从复合句) ______________________________________________ 【答案】She is so short that she can’t reach the buttons of the lift. 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：她个子太矮，够不到电梯按钮。原句是两个独立的简单句：“She is very short. (她很矮)”和“She can’t reach the buttons of the lift. (她够不到电梯的按钮)”，二者存在明显的因果关系，“矮”是“够不到按钮”的原因，后者是前者的结果。“so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句”是英语中常用的结果状语从句结构，用来表示“如此……以至于……”，刚好能将两个简单句合并成一个主从复合句，既保留了原句的全部信息，又能体现出句子间的逻辑关系。这里so用来修饰形容词short，强调“矮”的程度，that引导的从句则说明这种程度带来的结果“can’t reach the buttons of the lift”。故答案是She is so short that she can’t reach the buttons of the lift. 9．He said a lot at the meeting. His words were very attractive.(把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What he said at the meeting was very attractive. 【详解】考查主语从句和时态。句意：他在会上说了很多。他的话很有吸引力。两句话可合并为“他在会上说的话很有吸引力”，“他在会上说的话”用what引导的主语从句，由said可知，句子时态用一般过去时，用陈述语序，因此主语从句是what he said at the meeting，主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数，“很有吸引力”是was very attractive，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此句子改写为“What he said at the meeting was very attractive”。故答案为What he said at the meeting was very attractive. 10．The boy is my brother. He is wearing a blue jacket. (将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句) → The boy ________ ________ ________ a blue jacket is my brother. 【答案】 who / that is wearing 【详解】句意：这个男孩是我兄弟。他穿着一件蓝色的夹克衫。以原句的第一句为复合句的主句，主语为The boy。将原句的第二句改写为限制性定语从句，修饰主句主语The boy，The boy为先行词，关系代词指代人时，用who或that，在从句中作主语；原句第二句的谓语为is wearing不变，为定语从句的谓语。 11．Shall we go picnicking tomorrow? It depends on the weather. (把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Whether we will go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather. 【详解】考查主语从句，时态和主谓一致。句意：我们明天是否去野餐取决于天气。It指代的是“Shall we go picnicking tomorrow(我们明天去野餐好吗)”，合并简单句时将It指代的内容作为主语，意为“我们明天是否去野餐”，用whether引导的主语从句，时态用一般将来时，用陈述句语序，是whether we will go picnicking tomorrow，谓语是depends on，宾语是the weather，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此句子合并为Whether we will go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather。故答案为Whether we will go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather。 12．The man called the police. His car was stolen. （将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句） → The man ________ car was stolen called the police. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：那辆汽车被偷的男子叫了警察。按照要求合并定语从句。先行词The man，与car为所属关系，用whose在从句中作定语。 13．The movie was very interesting. We watched it last night. （将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句） → The movie ________ we watched last night was very interesting. 【答案】that /which 【详解】句意：这部电影十分有趣。我们昨晚观看了这部影片。按照要求合并定语从句。先行词The movie(物)，关系词作watched的宾语，用that或which。 14．We should practise oral English for an hour every day. It is our rule. (把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is our rule that we should practise oral English for an hour every day. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们应该每天练习一小时英语口语。这是我们的规矩。It指代的内容是“We should practise oral English for an hour every day”，因此合并时可用It作形式主语，We should practise oral English for an hour every day作为主语从句，不缺成分，且意思完整，用that引导，时态和原句一致，用一般现在时，因此句子合并为“It is our rule that we should practise oral English for an hour every day”。故答案为It is our rule that we should practise oral English for an hour every day. 15．It was a pity. You missed such a good lecture. (把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It was a pity that you missed such a good lecture. 【详解】考查主语从句和时态。句意：这是一个遗憾。你错过了这么好的讲座。It指代的是“You missed such a good lecture(你错过了这么好的讲座)”这件事，因此将此部分作为主语，用that引导主语从句，时态是一般过去时，为that you missed such a good lecture，用it作为形式主语，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此句子改写为“It was a pity that you missed such a good lecture”。故答案为It was a pity that you missed such a good lecture. 16．Why did they suddenly disappear? It still remains a mystery.(把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句) →______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：它们突然消失的原因仍然是个谜。分析两个简单句句意可知，第二句主语it的内容即为第一句表达的意思，可通过名词性从句（主语从句）来替换第二个句子主语it，复合句中用连接副词why引导主语从句，疑问句还原成陈述句语序，故填Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. 17．Living with host families gives them the chance to learn more about the new culture. In the families there may be other college students.(用非限制性定语从句把两个简单句合并为一个复合句) ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Living with host families, in which / where there may be other college students, gives them the chance to learn more about the new culture. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。定语从句的构成：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句，关系词在用法上既指代先行词又在从句中作成分，同时连接先行词和从句。根据这点，完成句子时，先找出先行词，根据其在从句中的成分进而选择关系词。结合给出的两个句子，共同提到了families,所以选定其为先行词，进而根据两个句子所讲内容，选定第二个分句为从句，该句子中in the families作状语，所以可以使用where或 in which来引导定语从句，所以可以完成句子。故写成：Living with host families，in which /where there may be other college students，gives them the chance to learn more about the new culture. 18．This is the house. I grew up in it. (将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句) → This is the house ________ I grew up ________. 【答案】 which/that in 【详解】句意：这就是我在里面长大的那栋房子。原句第二句中代词it指代第一句中the house，作in宾语，合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句后，原句中“I grew up in it.”变为限制性定语从句“____ I grew up ____”，修饰先行词the house，第一空为定语从句关系词，第二空为介词in保留在从句末尾；关系词指代先行词the house，作介词in的宾语，第一空用关系代词which/that。 19．Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for them. It is quite unexpected. （合并为一个主从复合句） Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for them, ________ ________quite unexpected. 【答案】 which is 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：到目前为止，我们已经为他们筹集了5万英镑。这真是出人意料。结合语意，it指代前边的整个句子，题干要求合并为主从复合句，可以使用which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前句并在从句中作主语，be动词使用is。故填which is。 20．I am busy taking part in debate every weekend. We can exchange ideas and share thoughts through debating. (合并为一个含有原因状语从句的主从复合句) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I am busy taking part in debate every weekend because we can exchange ideas and share thoughts through debating. 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：我每个周末都忙着参加辩论。我们可以通过辩论来交换意见和分享想法。根据句意可知，后一句为前一句的原因，可以用because引导原因状语从句，句子意思为：我每个周末都在忙着参加辩论，因为我们可以通过辩论交流思想，分享想法。故改写为I am busy taking part in debate every weekend because we can exchange ideas and share thoughts through debating. 一、语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A It is common for family members to experience heated debates and cold 5 (silent) under the same roof. The phenomenon (现象) results from imbalanced development of physical and mental aspects in adolescence (青春期). Your physical changes, 6 (include) height, voice, weight, or spots problems make you experience high levels of anxiety. On the other hand, you may think it 7 (nature) to take on more responsibilities independently. 8 (unlucky), your parents can't always allow you to do whatever you want, which can give rise to inharmonious (不和谐的) family relationships. There are some ways 9 (solve) the problems. Above all, faced with the parent-child tensions, you had better keep your peace. Of equal importance are putting yourself in your parents' 10 (shoe) and regularly and honestly 11 (communicate) with them. And you need to know 12 this stormy period will not last long. Everything will turn out all right in the end, and the changes and challenges of your teenage years 13 (prepare) you to become 14 adult in the future. 【答案】1．silence/silences 2．including 3．natural 4．Unluckily 5．to solve 6．shoes 7．communicating 8．that 9．will prepare 10．an 【导语】本文介绍了青春期亲子矛盾频发的原因，同时给出了缓解亲子紧张关系的方法，指出青春期的磨砺会助力青少年成长蜕变。 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：家人同住一个屋檐下，发生激烈争执、陷入冷战是很常见的事情。形容词cold后接名词作宾语，silent的名词形式为silence，单复数形式均可。 2．考查介词。句意：你的身体变化，包括身高、嗓音、体重或长痘等问题，会让你产生强烈的焦虑感。此处用于列举具体内容，应用介词including。 3．考查形容词。句意：另一方面，你可能认为独立承担更多责任是理所应当的。固定句型think it + 形容词 + to do sth.，空处用形容词作宾语补足语。 4．考查副词。句意：不幸的是，父母不可能总是任由你随心所欲，这会引发不和谐的家庭关系。空处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式，且句首单词首字母大写。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：有一些可以解决这些问题的方法。固定搭配ways to do sth.，不定式作后置定语，修饰名词ways。 6．考查名词复数。句意：换位思考十分重要，同时也要定期真诚地和父母沟通。固定短语put oneself in one’s shoes，为固定用法，名词用复数形式。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：换位思考十分重要，同时也要定期真诚地和父母沟通。本句为倒装结构，空处与putting并列，作句子主语，需用动名词形式，保持结构一致。 8．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：你需要明白这段躁动的时期不会持续太久。宾语从句句意完整、成分齐全，用that引导从句，仅起连接作用，无实义。 9．考查一般将来时。句意：最终一切都会好转，少年时期的种种变化与挑战，将会让你做好准备，在未来成长为一名成年人。根据句中in the future可知，句子描述将来的动作，用一般将来时。 10．考查冠词。句意：最终一切都会好转，少年时期的种种变化与挑战，将会让你做好准备，在未来成长为一名成年人。adult是以元音音素开头的可数名词，此处表泛指，用不定冠词an。 B I wanted to do something special for my 15-year-old son, 1 has always been a perfect boy. He worked all the summer to earn enough money to buy 2 (he) a new bicycle instead of asking for money from me. Then he spent hours and hours on it. I loved my son so much 3 I bought him a pair of sunglasses and gloves. When my son rode the bicycle with them, he looked very cool. He dreamed 4 taking part in a race and winning. On November 10th, my birthday, when I went to the kitchen to start the milk and bread in the morning, I found 5 beautiful guitar on the table, beside which was a card, 6 (say) “Happy birthday to my wonderful mother. ”I was surprised and then began to sob. I remembered once I 7 (joke) to my family that I wanted to learn playing the guitar to make my life colorful. I had forgotten it, but my son remembered. He took it 8 (serious), and bought me one as a birthday gift. When I wondered 9 my son could buy this expensive gift, soon I realized that my son had sold his bicycle 10 (get) me the guitar. 【答案】1．who 2．himself 3．that 4．of/about 5．a 6．saying 7．joked 8．seriously 9．how 10．to get 【导语】本文主要讲述作者因为爱儿子而专门给他买了一副骑自行车的太阳镜和手套，而儿子也因为对母亲的爱，为给作者准备生日礼物，卖掉自己辛苦攒钱买下的自行车为母亲买吉他。 【详解】1．考查定语从句。句意：我想为我十五岁的儿子做点特别的事，他一直都是一个十分完美的孩子。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为son，指人，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词who引导该定语从句。 2．考查反身代词。句意：他整个夏天都在打工赚钱，打算给自己买一辆新自行车，而不是向我要钱。此处主语和宾语指同一人，用反身代词himself。 3．考查状语从句。句意：我十分疼爱我的儿子，于是我给他买了一副太阳镜和一双手套。固定句式so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 4．考查介词。句意：他梦想着参加比赛并且赢得比赛胜利。固定搭配dream of/about doing sth.意为“梦想做某事”。 5．考查冠词。句意：我在桌子上发现了一把好看的吉他，旁边还有一张写着“祝我出色的妈妈生日快乐”的卡片。guitar为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指一把吉他，beautiful以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处为后置定语修饰名词a card, a card与say之间为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。 7．考查时态。句意：我记得我曾经跟家人开玩笑说，我想学弹吉他来丰富自己的生活。空处作句子谓语，由语境以及once可知动作发生在过去，谓语动词使用一般过去时。 8．考查副词。句意：他当真了，并且给我买了一把作为生日礼物。固定搭配take sth. seriously意为“认真对待某事”，此处用副词作状语。 9．考查名词性从句。句意：当我疑惑儿子是如何买下这份昂贵礼物的时候，我很快意识到儿子卖掉了自己的自行车，只为给我买下这把吉他。此处引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语，表示“如何、怎样”，用连接副词how。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，用来表明卖掉自行车的目的。 C Mr Bradley has a nine-year-old grandson 1 (name ) Jimmy. Not long ago, they moved to a new house. Mr Bradley spent two weeks 2 (make) Jimmy’s bedroom nicer. After learning Jimmy liked it, Mr Bradley shared a video 3 showed the room with joy online . Mr Bradley first showed a colorful wall. There are some pictures of Winnie the Pooh on the wall. “It is one of Jimmy’s favourite 4 (film) ,” he said. Then Mr Bradley proudly 5   (show) Jimmy’s bed. The bed had wheels. Mr Bradley pulled it and explained, “When I need to clean the floor under the bed, I can move it 6 (easy).” To keep his grandson safe, Mr Bradley also added a fire alarm 7 the room. Many people described 8 (they) feelings online after watching the video. “I think Mr Bradley is a great grandfather. He created a wonderful world for his grandson,” one wrote. “The room looks so nice that I wish I could live there. It is more than a room. It’s 9 symbol of love and care. I plan 10 (try) doing something similar for my family,” another wrote. 【答案】1．named 2．making 3．that/which 4．films 5．showed 6．easily 7．to/in 8．their 9．a 10．to try 【导语】本文主要讲述布拉德利先生精心为孙子布置卧室，视频走红网络并收获网友好评的暖心故事。【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：布拉德利先生有一个名叫吉米的九岁孙子。名词grandson与name之间为被动关系，表示“被命名为、名叫”，用过去分词作后置定语。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：布拉德利先生花了两周时间把吉米的卧室布置得更好。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，此处用动名词形式making作宾语。 3．考查定语从句。句意：在得知吉米喜欢这间卧室后，布拉德利先生开心地在网上分享了一段展示这个房间的视频。本句为定语从句，先行词是a video，指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，可用关系代词that/which引导从句。 4．考查名词复数。句意：这是吉米最喜欢的电影之一。固定结构one of + 可数名词复数，表示“……之一”，film的复数形式为films。 5．考查动词时态。句意：随后布拉德利先生自豪地展示了吉米的床。全文叙述过去发生的事情，通篇为一般过去时，show的过去式为showed。 6．考查副词。句意：当我需要打扫床底下的地板时，我可以轻松地移动它。此处修饰动词move，需用副词形式，easy的副词为easily，意为“轻松地”。 7．考查介词。句意：为了保证孙子的安全，布拉德利先生还在房间里安装了一个火警报警器。固定搭配add sth. to sp.表示“把某物添加/安装在某处”，此处也可表示“在这个房间”用介词短语in，表示“在……里”。 8．考查代词。句意：许多人看完视频后在网上描述了他们的感受。此处修饰名词feelings，需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their，意为“他们的”。 9．考查冠词。句意：它是爱与关怀的一种象征。固定搭配a symbol of...表示“……的象征”，symbol是以辅音音素开头的单数名词，用不定冠词a。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：我计划为我的家人做一些类似的事情。固定搭配plan to do sth.表示“计划做某事”，此处用动词不定式to try作宾语。 二、阅读理解 When my teenage son became seriously ill, terrible times for my family began. Our once-happy home became tense and depressing. My husband and I were very tired under the great stress of caring for my son. It was as if we forgot how to communicate — we couldn’t have a simple conversation without fighting. Our marriage was on the point of breaking up. One evening, my son and I were talking about gifts. I recalled my first Valentine’s present from my husband, a kazoo (a musical instrument). I was awkward when I received it because I couldn’t get it to make a sound although I am a professional saxophone player. However hard I tried, it just never worked. The kazoo eventually got packed away and forgotten. My son was interested and insisted on (坚持) seeing it. After some trouble, I found it. “You couldn’t get a sound? What’s so hard about it?” my husband asked, amazed. He took the kazoo and blew. Nothing happened. Surprised, he tried again. Still there was no sound. Frustrated (懊恼的), he tried again, only to produce a funny sound like an angry bee trapped in the mouth of a bear. We burst into laughter. My son took a turn playing the kazoo. He did no better than us, causing more laughter. Seeing his face light up, we felt as if the darkness had lifted and a little sunshine was let in. It was the best ten minutes of the past couple of years. The mood stayed light for the rest of the evening. It didn’t solve anything. But this experience with the kazoo brought some change in our hearts that always reminds us that there are still things to laugh at and enjoy, and that we can still connect as a family. 1．What started the family’s trouble? A．Lack of daily communication. B．The son’s serious illness. C．Endless family quarrels. D．Broken marriage relationship. 2．Why was the author embarrassed when she got the kazoo? A．She failed to play it well. B．She disliked the gift. C．She had no time to learn it. D．She had never seen it before. 3．What result came from playing the kazoo? A．They decided to play it often. B．The son showed a real talent. C．The funny sound attracted bees. D．They shared great fun together. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The trouble was totally gone. B．Old memories were called up. C．The family felt reconnected. D．Their speaking skills were improved. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者的家庭在儿子重病期间陷入了紧张和压抑的境地，但在一次偶然吹奏卡祖笛的经历中，一家人重新找回了欢乐，彼此的心也重新连接在了一起。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When my teenage son became seriously ill, terrible times for my family began. (当我十几岁的儿子重病时，我们家的可怕日子就开始了)”可知，是儿子的重病引发了这个家庭的麻烦。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“I was awkward when I received it because I couldn’t get it to make a sound although I am a professional saxophone player (当我收到它时，我感到很尴尬，因为尽管我是一名专业的萨克斯管演奏者，但我却无法让它发出声音)”可知，作者感到尴尬是因为她没能把它吹好。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“He did no better than us, causing more laughter. (他做得并不比我们好，引起了更多的笑声)”以及第四段“It was the best ten minutes of the past couple of years. (这是过去几年里最美好的十分钟)”可知，吹奏卡祖笛的结果是他们一起分享了极大的乐趣。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But this experience with the kazoo brought some change in our hearts that always reminds us that there are still things to laugh at and enjoy, and that we can still connect as a family. (但是这次吹卡祖笛的经历给我们的心灵带来了一些改变，它总是提醒我们仍然有值得欢笑和享受的事情，我们仍然可以作为一个家庭紧密相连)”可知，这次吹卡祖笛的经历给我们的心灵带来了一些改变，让作者感受到他们仍然可以作为一个家庭紧密相连，可以推断出这个家庭感觉重新连接在了一起。 三、应用文写作 Mrs. Zhang最近在与儿子的相处中有点麻烦，特email某青少年杂志寻求帮助。内容包括： 1、孩子随着年龄的增加，身体出现了某些变化，如皮肤油腻、出现红点； 2、母子争吵，孩子情绪焦躁，不听安慰，不想求医。 注意：1、词数：不少于80字； 2、可适当增加某些细节； 3、恰当运用并列复合句、主从复合句。 Dear Editor, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best Wishes Mrs. Zhang 【参考范文】 Dear Editor, I’m writing to ask for advice on my relationship with my teenage son. To tell the truth, I often struggle to get along with him. Recently we have argued with each other a great deal. He is anxious about his skin because it has started to become very oily, with lots of red spots. He is always angry these days and seems less confident. I keep telling him that these changes are normal, and that things will turn out just fine. Of course, I wanted to show my concern for his condition, so I asked him to see a doctor. But then he became angry and we had a big argument. He told me that I was putting even more press on him by talking about his spots all the time. In the end, I sent him to his room. He finally calmed down, but it took some time. The whole experience was really terrible and I do not want to go through the same thing again. What should I do? Best Wishes Mrs. Zhang 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封email，向某青少年杂志寻求帮助，以解决最近与儿子相处遇到的麻烦。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 人称：第一、三人称 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般过去时。 结构：总-分-总法 要点：1、孩子随着年龄的增加，身体出现了某些变化，如皮肤油腻、出现红点； 2、母子争吵，孩子情绪焦躁，不听安慰，不想求医。 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组） ask for advice；to tell the truth；get along with；argue with；a great deal；be anxious about；talk about；all the time；calm down；go through 第三步：连词成句 1. I’m writing to ask for advice on my relationship with my teenage son. 2. Recently we have argued with each other a great deal. 3. He is anxious about his skin because it has started to become very oily, with lots of red spots. 4. He is always angry these days and seems less confident. 5. I keep telling him that these changes are normal, and that things will turn out just fine. 6. But then he became angry and we had a big argument. 7. He told me that I was putting even more press on him by talking about his spots all the time. 8. He finally calmed down, but it took some time. 9.The whole experience was really terrible and I do not want to go through the same thing again.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：finally; 2.表并列补充关系：and； 3.表转折对比关系：but； 4.表因果关系：because； 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：He is anxious about his skin because it has started to become very oily, with lots of red spots.使用了由because引导的状语从句；I keep telling him that these changes are normal, and that things will turn out just fine.和He told me that I was putting even more press on him by talking about his spots all the time.使用了由that引导的宾语从句；But then he became angry and we had a big argument.使用了由and连接的并列句等。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 ( 23 / 25 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $