摘要:
**基本信息**
聚焦八年级下册Unit5-Unit6核心语法,通过真实生活与自然情境设计梯度题型,助力暑假专项巩固与应用能力提升。
**题型特征**
|题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色|
|----|----|----------|----------|
|单项选择|20题|动词短语、时态、连词、情态动词等|情境贴近生活(如敲门礼仪、暴风雨),考查语法在语境中应用|
|单词语法填空|19题|词形转换(形副、动名、时态)、固定搭配|结合文化差异(如“cultural manners”),强化语法规则与词汇运用|
|完成句子|10题|句型转换(提问、合并、同义句)|整合教材核心语法(如过去进行时、“as soon as”),注重语法结构迁移|
内容正文:
暑假专项提升--Unit5-Unit 6 核心语法专项练
2025-2026学年初中英语人教版(2024)八年级下学期
一、单项选择
1.—We thought there was something wrong because we didn’t ________ you.
—Sorry. I was too busy to email you.
A.hear of B.hear from C.learn about D.learn from
2.Marx found it necessary to learn Russian when he was already ________.
A.in fifty B.in the fifty C.in fiftieth D.in his fifties
3.It’s good ________to knock before entering someone’s room in many countries.
A.habits B.manners C.customs D.hobbies
4.The little girl was ______ scared ______ she couldn’t say a word.
A.too; to B.enough; to C.so; that D.such; that
5.I will go to see my grandparents ________ I get off the plane.
A.as soon as B.as far as C.as long as D.as easily as
6.—I missed the heavy rain yesterday.
—________. It was really terrible.
A.Lucky you B.Sounds great C.Bad luck D.That’s right
7.The wind finally ________ and the sun came out again.
A.died down B.broke down C.turned down D.fell down
8.At first, we didn’t know what was happening, ________ we soon realized it was a small earthquake.
A.and B.but C.or D.so
9.The storm was so heavy that people could ________ walk in the street.
A.hardly B.hard C.nearly D.almost
10.Many trees ________ down by the strong wind last night.
A.are blown B.were blown C.blew D.blowed
11.The government warns people ________ outdoor activities in bad weather.
A.not do B.to not do C.not to do D.don’t do
12.The rain began to beat heavily ________ the windows during the storm.
A.against B.over C.at D.in
13.—What ________ you ________ when the wildfire started yesterday?
—I was watering the flowers in the garden.
A.do; do B.did; do C.were; doing D.are; doing
14.He couldn’t remember the spelling of the word, so he didn’t write it ________ .
A.recently B.gradually C.especially D.correctly
15.You should wear ________ clothes for the wedding—no T-shirts or jeans.
A.proper B.cheap C.casual D.simple
16.We learned about ________ differences between Eastern and Western countries in the geography class.
A.cultural B.natural C.personal D.physical
17.It is ________ important a meeting ________ everyone must attend it.
A.such; that B.so; that C.too; to D.as; as
18.I couldn’t wait to share it with my parents ______ I got the exciting news.
A.until B.as soon as C.because D.though
19.He fell asleep ________ he was listening to the weather report.
A.until B.while C.because D.so
20.________ I was walking to school, it was snowing heavily.
A.While B.When C.Before D.After
二、单词语法填空
21.My sister dressed ________ (nice) for her school concert.
22.It is _________ (common) for my father to cook dinner because my mother usually does it.
23.I am used to _________ (wake) up early because I have to go to school at 7:00 every day.
24.It is _________(safe) to cross the street when the light is red.
25.We should behave ________ (formal) in serious meetings.
26.Good books make us more ________ (wisdom).
27.Different countries have different ________ (culture) manners.
28.This book has a great ________ (influence) on me.
29.He felt ________ (embarrass) when he used wrong greetings.
30.People were ________ (complete) shocked by the sudden flood.
31.While my mother ________ (cook), I was doing my homework.
32.We should learn to protect ourselves in different ________ (disaster).
33.He was sleeping when the fire ________ (break) out last night.
34.The teacher warned us ________ (not play) near the river on rainy days.
35.Many people became homeless after the ________ (nature) disaster.
36.Look! The trees ________ (shake) strongly in the heavy wind.
37.When the rainstorm came, they ________ (have) dinner at home.
38.It’s very ________ (danger) to walk outside during a typhoon.
39.The heavy snow ________ (block) many roads in the mountain area yesterday.
三、完成句子
40.My mother was washing clothes at five o’clock yesterday afternoon.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ your mother________ at five o’clock yesterday afternoon?
41.We researched eating customs.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ you research?
42.I will stay with their family for two weeks.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ will you stay with their family?
43.Little Bob will go to sleep if his mother tells him a story. (同义句转换)
Little Bob won’t go to sleep ________ his mother ________ him a story.
44.People were sleeping. The earthquake happened. (合并为一句)
People were sleeping ________ the earthquake ________.
45.Japan: Take off your shoes. You do this when you enter someone’s home. (用as soon as改写句子)
_______________________________________________________________
46.It was raining heavily. We stayed at home.(根据课本所学短语,将句子合并为一句)
________ ________ ________ heavy rain, we stayed at home.
47.The snowstorm stopped at last.(同义句转换)
The snowstorm ________ ________ in the end.
48.They were playing basketball at 4:00 yesterday afternoon.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ they ________ at 4:00 yesterday afternoon?
49.I was reading a book when the flood came.(改为一般疑问句)
________ ________ reading a book when the flood came?
参考答案
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
B
D
B
C
A
A
A
B
A
B
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
C
A
C
D
A
A
B
B
B
A
1.B
句意:——我们以为出了什么事,因为我们没有收到你的来信。——抱歉。我太忙了,没给你们发电子邮件。
考查动词短语辨析。hear of听说;hear from收到……的来信;learn about了解,得知;learn from向……学习。根据答语“I was too busy to email you.”可知,第一说话人之前没有收到对方的电子邮件(信息),应用“hear from”表示“收到某人的来信或消息”。故选B。
2.D
句意:马克思发现,当他已经是五十多岁时,学习俄语是必要的。
考查年龄表达法。in fifty无此表达;in the fifty无此表达;in fiftieth无此表达;in his fifties在他五十多岁时。根据“Marx found it necessary to learn Russian when he was already...”可知,英语中表示“在某人几十岁时”用“in one’s+整十基数词复数形式”。故选D。
3.B
句意:在许多国家,进入别人房间前敲门是良好的礼仪。
habits习惯;manners礼仪、礼貌;customs风俗;hobbies爱好。固定搭配“It’s good manners to do sth.”意为“做某事是有礼貌的”,符合语境。
4.C
句意:这个小女孩如此害怕,以至于一句话都说不出来。
考查结果状语从句的固定句型。too; to太……而不能,后接动词原形,不能接句子;enough; to足够……去做……,enough需放在形容词后面,to后接动词原形,不接句子;so; that如此……以至于……,后接从句;such; that如此……以至于……,后接从句,但such后需接“形容词+名词”。“she couldn’t say a word.”为句子,且“scared”为形容词。故选C。
5.A
句意:我一下飞机就会去看望我的祖父母。
考查时间状语从句。as soon as一……就……”,引导时间状语从句;as far as就……而言;远至;直到;as long as只要(引导条件状语从句),与……一样长;as easily as和……一样容易。根据“I will go to see my grandparents…I get off the plane”可知,句子要表达下飞机这个动作完成后立刻就去看望祖父母,即“一……就……”。故选A。
6.A
句意:——我昨天错过了大雨(没淋到雨)。——你真幸运。那真的很糟糕。
考查情境交际用语。根据上文可知说话人没淋到雨,结合下文可知雨势很大且糟糕,因此没淋到雨是幸运的事,此处应填入表示庆幸的表达。选项A符合语境;选项B常用于回应建议;选项C常用于表示不幸;选项D常用于表示赞同。
7.A
句意:风终于平息了,太阳又出来了。
died down逐渐平息;broke down出故障;turned down拒绝/调低;fell down跌倒。根据后半句“the sun came out again”可知天气好转,风势应该是减弱或停止,应填died down。
8.B
句意:起初,我们不知道发生了什么,但是我们很快意识到这是一次小地震。
and和/并且;but但是;or或者/否则;so所以。根据“At first, we didn’t know what was happening”可知起初不知道发生了什么,与后文“we soon realized...”很快意识到构成转折关系,应填but。
9.A
句意:暴风雨如此猛烈,以至于人们几乎不能在街上行走。
hardly几乎不;hard努力地;nearly几乎;almost几乎。根据“The storm was so heavy”可知暴风雨很大,推测出人们“几乎不能”在街上行走,hardly表示否定含义,符合语境。
10.B
句意:昨晚许多树被强风吹倒了。
根据时间状语“last night”可知句子时态为一般过去时;根据“by the strong wind”可知主语Many trees与动词blow之间是被动关系,需用“was/were +过去分词”结构。blow的过去分词是blown,主语Many trees为复数,be动词应用were。
11.C
句意:政府警告人们不要在恶劣天气下进行户外活动。
固定搭配“warn sb. not to do sth.”意为“警告某人不要做某事”,不定式的否定形式为“not to do”。故选用not to do。
12.A
句意:暴风雨期间,雨水开始猛烈地撞击着窗户。
against撞;on在……上面;over在……上;in在……里面。根据“The rain began to beat heavily...the windows”可知,此处指雨水敲打窗户,beat against为固定搭配,意为“撞击”。
13.C
句意:——昨天野火开始时你正在做什么?——我正在花园里浇花。
根据答语“I was watering...”可知,问句时态为过去进行时,结构为“was/were+doing”,主语是you,be动词用were。
14.D
句意:他记不住这个单词的拼写,所以他没有正确地把它写出来。
recently最近;gradually逐渐地;especially尤其;correctly正确地。根据前一分句“He couldn’t remember the spelling of the word”可知,他记不住拼写,因此无法正确写出单词,应用 correctly 表示“正确地”。
15.A
句意:你应该穿合适的衣服参加婚礼——不要穿T恤或牛仔裤。
proper合适的、恰当的;cheap便宜的;casual休闲的;simple简单的。根据破折号后的提示“no T-shirts or jeans”,可知婚礼需要穿“合适的、正式的”衣服,proper”符合场合要求。
16.A
句意:我们在地理课上学习了东西方国家之间的文化差异。
cultural文化的;natural自然的;personal个人的;physical身体的。由“between Eastern and Western countries”可知东西方国家之间的是文化差异;cultural differences表示“文化差异”,符合语境。
17.B
句意:这是一个如此重要的会议,以至于每个人都必须参加。
考查so ... that引导的结果状语从句。such ... that如此……以至于,such修饰名词;so ... that如此……以至于,so修饰形容词或副词;too ... to太……而不能,to后跟动词原形;as ... as和……一样。根据“important a meeting ... everyone must attend it.”可知,是指如此重要的会议,以至于每个人必须参加,用so+形容词+a/an+名词单数+that从句。故选B。
18.B
句意:我一得到这个令人兴奋的消息,就迫不及待地和父母分享了。
考查连词辨析和时间状语从句。until直到……为止;as soon as一……就……;because因为;though虽然,尽管。根据句意可知,此句是说一得到好消息就和父母分享。故选B。
19.B
句意:他在听天气预报的时候睡着了。
until直到;while当……时候;because因为;so所以。从句he was listening to the weather report为过去进行时,体现持续进行的动作,while常用来引导带有延续性动作的进行时从句,能体现主句“睡着”的短暂动作发生在 “听天气预报”的过程中,契合语境,应填while。
20.A
当我正在步行去上学的时候,天正下着大雪。
while当……时(后接延续性进行动作,主从句同为持续动作时优先使用);when当……时(多用于从句为短暂瞬间动作);before在……之前;after在……之后。根据答句“I was walking to school”(过去进行时,延续性长动作),本句主从句均为持续进行的动作,只能用while。
21.nicely
句意:我妹妹为她的学校音乐会精心打扮了一番。修饰动词“dressed”应使用副词nicely“很好地,漂亮地”。
22.uncommon
句意:我爸爸做饭是不常见的,因为我妈妈通常做饭。结合所给单词提示“common”可知,此处表达“不常见的”,用形容词common的反义词形式,在common前加前缀un-构成其反义词uncommon“不寻常的,不常见的”。故填uncommon。
23.waking
句意:我习惯于早起,因为我每天7点就得去上学。根据“am used to”可知,此处使用固定短语be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”,所以使用动名词形式;wake“醒来”,其动名词形式为waking。
24.unsafe
句意:红灯时过马路是不安全的。根据“cross the street when the light is red”以及生活常识可知,应填safe的反义词形式unsafe,表示“不安全的;危险的”。
25.formally
句意:在严肃的会议中我们应该举止正式。“behave”是动词,意为“表现,举止”,修饰动词要用副词。所给单词“formal”是形容词,意为“正式的”,其副词形式是“formally”,所以这里应填“formally”。
26.wise
句意:好书让我们更有智慧。句子结构是“make+宾语 (us) +宾语补足语”,补足语需要用形容词,来补充说明宾语的状态。wisdom是名词,意为“智慧”,需变成形容词wise“明智的”。“more+形容词原级”构成形容词的比较级,表示“更……”,所以这里用more wise,但题目里已经给出more,故填wise。
27.cultural/ultural
句意:不同的国家有不同的文化礼仪。“文化”对应的英文单词是culture,此处修饰名词manners,需用形容词形式cultural,因此填cultural。
28.influence
句意:这本书对我有很大的影响。短语have a great influence on是固定搭配,意思是“对……有很大影响”。括号里的influence本身就是名词,且前面有不定冠词a,influence符合题意。
29.embarrassed
句意:当他用错问候语时,他感到很尴尬。“embarrass”对应的形容词形式中,修饰人表示“感到尴尬的”用embarrassed,句子中felt为系动词,后接形容词作表语,因此填embarrassed。
30.completely
句意:人们被突如其来的洪水完全震惊了。complete意为“完全的”,为形容词。此处需要副词completely作状语,修饰形容词shocked,表示“完全地”。
31.was cooking
句意:当我妈妈在做饭的时候,我正在做作业。“while”引导的时间状语从句中,主句和从句的动作在过去同时持续进行,均使用过去进行时。主语“my mother”为第三人称单数,故填was cooking。
32.disasters
句意:我们应该学会在不同的灾难中保护自己。“different”意为“不同的”,后接可数名词复数形式,表示多种不同的灾难;“disaster”为可数名词,意为“灾难”,其复数形式为“disasters”。
33.broke
句意:昨晚火灾发生时他正在睡觉。根据时间状语“last night”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。break的过去式为broke。
34.not to play
句意:老师警告我们下雨天不要在河边玩耍。“not play”,“不要玩耍”,动词短语。根据语句“The teacher warned us...near the river on rainy days.”可知,固定搭配warn sb. not to do sth.,表示“警告某人不要做某事”,故需用not to play作宾语补足语,表示“不要玩耍”。
35.natural
句意:许多人在自然灾害后变得无家可归。nature“自然”,名词。根据语句“Many people became homeless after the...disaster.”可知,此处需要形容词natural作定语,修饰名词disaster,表示“自然的”。
36.are shaking
句意:看!树正在大风中剧烈摇晃。shake意为“摇晃”,是动词。根据“Look!”可知,动作正在进行,应用现在进行时。主语The trees为复数,助动词用are,shake的现在分词为shaking。故填are shaking。
37.were having
句意:当暴风雨来临时,他们正在家里吃晚饭。have“吃”,动词。根据语句“When the rainstorm came, they…dinner at home.”可知,此处表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作,需用过去进行时,主语they,要用were having作谓语,表示“正在吃饭”。
38.dangerous
句意:台风期间在外面走路是非常危险的。“very”为副词,修饰形容词。系动词“is”后接形容词作表语。所给词“danger”为名词,其形容词形式为“dangerous”,意为“危险的”。故填dangerous。
39.blocked
句意:昨天的大雪阻塞了山区的许多道路。block意为“阻塞”,是动词。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,block的过去式是blocked。
40. What was doing
句意:我妈妈昨天下午五点正在洗衣服。画线部分为“was washing clothes”,这是提问过去正在进行的动作,用疑问词what 来提问。原句是过去进行时,变疑问句时,将was提到主语your mother之前,划线部分用doing代替。
41. What did
句意:我们研究了饮食习惯。划线部分是动作的宾语,指代事物,用疑问词What提问;原句为一般过去时,变疑问句需要借助助动词did,谓语动词变回原形research。
42. How long
原句中划线部分“for two weeks“意为 “两周”,表示一段持续的时间(时间段)。在英语中,对时间段提问需要使用特殊疑问词组How long (多久)。题目剩余部分“will you stay with their family?”是一般疑问句语序,符合 “特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”的结构,且正好对应两个空格。位于句首,首字母H需要大写。故填How;long。
43. unless tells
句意:如果他的妈妈给他讲故事,小鲍勃就会睡觉。此处改为同义句,可改为“小鲍勃不肯睡觉,除非他的妈妈给他讲个故事”,“除非”翻译为unless;从句主语是his mother,时态遵循“主将从现”,用一般现在时,动词tell用第三人称单数tells。故填unless;tells。
44. when happened
句意:地震发生时,人们正在睡觉。“人们在睡觉”是过去进行时,表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作,“地震发生”是一般过去时,表示过去某个时间点发生的动作。合并为一句,可以使用“be doing…when…(……发生时,……正在做某事)”结构,其中when引导时间状语从句。故填when;happened。
45.In Japan, you should take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone’s home.
句意:日本礼仪:脱掉鞋子。当你进入别人家中时,需要做这件事。原句中when引导时间状语从句,as soon as可替换when并强调动作发生的紧接性。as soon as引导时间状语从句。主句用情态动词(should/must/will),从句用一般现在时表将来动作。 将第一句祈使句“Take off your shoes”作为主句;第二句中的时间条件“you enter someone’s home”作为as soon as引导的从句。
46. Because of the
句意:雨下得很大。我们待在家里。前后两句存在因果关系,前句是原因,后句是结果。表示“因为”且后接名词短语的常用介词短语是Because of;由于这里的“heavy rain”特指当时下的那场大雨,前面需加定冠词the。句首首字母需要大写。
47. died down
句意:暴风雪终于停了。其中stopped意为“停止、结束”,at last意为“最后、终于”。题中已给出in the end,它与原句的at last同义。需要填入两个词来替换stopped。原句谓语stopped是一般过去时,died down“逐渐平息、停下”和stopped表意一致,时态匹配,故填died down。
48. What were doing
划线部分“playing basketball”表示正在进行的动作,对动作提问需用特殊疑问词What。原句“They were playing...”是过去进行时。变特殊疑问句时,结构为“特殊疑问词 +be动词+主语+doing+其他?”。因此be动词were需提至主语they之前。询问“正在做什么”时,具体的动作需用通用动词doing代替。句子变为“What were they doing at 4:00 yesterday afternoon?”。应填What;were;doing。
49. Were you
句意:洪水来袭时我正在看书。句子为过去进行时,句中含有be动词was,改为一般疑问句需将be动词提前,同时主语I要转换为you,对应的be动词was随之变为were,其余部分语序不变。
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