内容正文:
形容词比较级和最高级
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、基本概念 1
二、比较级和最高级的构成 2
(一)规则变化 2
(二)不规则变化 2
三、比较级的常用句型 3
1. 基本结构 3
2. 比较级前可用程度副词修饰 3
3. “越来越……” 3
4. “越……,越……” 3
5. “两者中较……的一个” 3
6. “再……不过了” 3
四、最高级的常用句型 3
1. 基本结构 3
2. “最……之一” 3
3. 形容词性物主代词 + 最高级(不加 the) 3
4. “第几最……” 4
五、易错提醒 4
1. 形式混淆 4
2. 结构遗漏 4
3. 语义不清 4
六、分层中考练习题(30道) 4
基础篇(第1-10题) 4
提高篇(第11-20题) 4
综合篇(第21-30题) 5
一、基本概念
形容词有原级、比较级、最高级三种形式。
· 比较级:用于两者之间的比较,表示“更……”“较……”。
· 最高级:用于三者或三者以上的比较,表示“最……”,最高级前通常要加定冠词 the。
口诀:两者比较用比较级,三者以上用最高级。
二、比较级和最高级的构成
(一)规则变化
变化类型
规则
原级
比较级
最高级
一般单音节词
词尾加 -er / -est
tall / long
taller / longer
tallest / longest
以不发音 e 结尾
词尾加 -r / -st
nice / large
nicer / larger
nicest / largest
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾
变 y 为 i,再加 -er / -est
happy / funny
happier / funnier
happiest / funniest
重读闭音节(辅+元+辅)
双写末尾辅音字母,再加 -er / -est
big / slim / hot
bigger / slimmer / hotter
biggest / slimmest / hottest
多音节词/部分双音节词
词前加 more / most
eautiful / interesting
more beautiful / more interesting
most beautiful / most interesting
(二)不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good / well
better
best
bad / ill
worse
worst
many / much
more
most
little(少的)
less
least
far(距离)
farther
farthest
far(程度)
further
furthest
old(年龄)
older
oldest
old(长幼)
elder
eldest
口诀:三坏两好一个老,两多一远一个少——bad/ill→worse→worst;good/well→better→best;old→older/elder→oldest/eldest;many/much→more→most;far→farther/further→farthest/furthest;little→less→least。
三、比较级的常用句型
1. 基本结构:A + be + 比较级 + than + B
My cousin is taller than I am.
Max is more interesting than his classmates.
2. 比较级前可用程度副词修饰
可用 much(……得多)、a little(稍微)、even(甚至)、still(还要)、far(……得多)等。
I am feeling much better after a good sleep.
China is much larger than Japan.
⚠️ 注意:very 不能修饰比较级!
3. “越来越……”
· 单音节/部分双音节词:比较级 + and + 比较级
The weather is getting colder and colder.
· 多音节词:more and more + 原级
The world will become more and more beautiful.
4. “越……,越……”:the + 比较级,the + 比较级
The busier I am, the happier I shall feel.
5. “两者中较……的一个”:the + 比较级 + of the two
She is the taller of the two.
6. “再……不过了”:can’t be + 比较级
It can’t be better.(再好不过了。)
四、最高级的常用句型
1. 基本结构:A + be + the + 最高级 + in/of 短语
Simon is the tallest boy in his class.
Betty is the most helpful person in our class.
📌 in 后接范围/场所(同一类),of 后接同类群体。
2. “最……之一”:one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词
Betty is one of my best friends.
3. 形容词性物主代词 + 最高级(不加 the)
Peter is his oldest son.
4. “第几最……”:the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词单数
The Yellow River is the second longest river in our country.
五、易错提醒
1. 形式混淆:易混淆“+er/est”“双写”“去y改i”“more/most”及不规则变化。
2. 结构遗漏:比较级易遗漏 than,最高级易遗漏 the。
3. 语义不清:比较级用于两者,最高级用于三者及以上。
六、分层中考练习题(30道)
🌟 基础篇(第1-10题)
1. My brother is ______ (tall) than me.
2. Betty is the ______ (helpful) person in our class.
3. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one.
4. Who is ______ (slim), Lucy or Lily?
5. The Yangtze River is one of ______ (long) rivers in China.
6. My mother is ______ (busy) than my father.
7. Which is ______ (big), the sun or the moon?
8. Tom is ______ (good) student in our school.
9. I feel much ______ (well) than yesterday.
10. She is ______ (beautiful) of the three sisters.
🌟🌟 提高篇(第11-20题)
11. —How do you like your middle school life? —I think it’s ______ than the life in primary school.
A. exciting B. more exciting C. most exciting D. the most exciting
12. The more you exercise, ______ you will feel.
A. health B. healthier C. the healthier
13. I’m ______ taller than my mother, but shorter than my father.
A. more B. a little C. very D. a lot of
14. The little boy has been much ______ since he visited the doctor last month.
A. healthy B. healthier C. healthiest D. the healthiest
15. The ______ junk food we eat, the ______ we will be.
A. fewer; healthier B. less; healthier C. least; healthiest D. less; healthiest
16. Amy learns ______ about pets than before because she often helps at the animal centre.
A. many B. much C. the most D. more
17. Mr Yang is very friendly to us. He is ______ of all the people I know.
A. patient B. less patient C. the most patient D. more patient
18. It’s summer now. The weather is getting ______.
A. higher and higher B. lower and lower C. hotter and hotter D. colder and colder
19. With the teacher’s help, his English is getting ______.
A. good and good B. better and better C. best and best D. the best and the best
20. I think English is ______ than maths. I always get higher marks in English.
A. easy B. easier C. difficult D. more difficult
🌟🌟🌟 综合篇(第21-30题)
21. China is larger than ______ in Africa.
A. the other countries B. any other country C. any country
22. —Which notebook do you want to buy? —I will pick the black one, because it’s three times ______ than the others.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. as cheap as
23. —Would you like to go swimming or go shopping? —I’d like to go swimming. It’s much ______.
A. more difficult B. more enjoyable C. more boring
24. The fan club has ______ people this year than last year.
A. much B. many C. less D. fewer
25. —What do you think of the movie? —It’s fantastic and it’s one of ______ films during the Spring Festival.
A. the most popular B. more popular C. less popular D. popular
26. The more careful you are, the ______ mistakes you will make.
A. more B. less C. bigger D. fewer
27. —How was your trip to London, Jack? —Couldn’t be ______. The bad weather made everything in a mess.
A. better B. best C. worse D. worst
28. Tom is ______ than before and he has ______ friends now.
A. friendly; more B. friendly; fewer C. friendlier; more D. friendlier; fewer
29. —Which subject do you like ______, Chinese or English? —English.
A. well B. best C. better D. the best
30. If you compare Linda ______ Mary, you will find Mary is ______ of the two.
A. to; the smarter B. with; smarter C. to; smarter D. with; the smarter
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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形容词比较级和最高级
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、基本概念 1
二、比较级和最高级的构成 1
(一)规则变化 1
(二)不规则变化 2
三、比较级的常用句型 2
1. 基本结构 2
2. 比较级前可用程度副词修饰 2
3. “越来越……” 3
4. “越……,越……” 3
5. “两者中较……的一个” 3
6. “再……不过了” 3
四、最高级的常用句型 3
1. 基本结构 3
2. “最……之一” 3
3. 形容词性物主代词 + 最高级(不加 the) 3
4. “第几最……” 3
五、易错提醒 3
1. 形式混淆 3
2. 结构遗漏 3
3. 语义不清 3
六、分层中考练习题(30道) 4
基础篇(第1-10题) 4
提高篇(第11-20题) 5
综合篇(第21-30题) 6
一、基本概念
形容词有原级、比较级、最高级三种形式。
· 比较级:用于两者之间的比较,表示“更……”“较……”。
· 最高级:用于三者或三者以上的比较,表示“最……”,最高级前通常要加定冠词 the。
口诀:两者比较用比较级,三者以上用最高级。
二、比较级和最高级的构成
(一)规则变化
变化类型
规则
原级
比较级
最高级
一般单音节词
词尾加 -er / -est
tall / long
taller / longer
tallest / longest
以不发音 e 结尾
词尾加 -r / -st
nice / large
nicer / larger
nicest / largest
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾
变 y 为 i,再加 -er / -est
happy / funny
happier / funnier
happiest / funniest
重读闭音节(辅+元+辅)
双写末尾辅音字母,再加 -er / -est
big / slim / hot
bigger / slimmer / hotter
biggest / slimmest / hottest
多音节词/部分双音节词
词前加 more / most
eautiful / interesting
more beautiful / more interesting
most beautiful / most interesting
(二)不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good / well
better
best
bad / ill
worse
worst
many / much
more
most
little(少的)
less
least
far(距离)
farther
farthest
far(程度)
further
furthest
old(年龄)
older
oldest
old(长幼)
elder
eldest
口诀:三坏两好一个老,两多一远一个少——bad/ill→worse→worst;good/well→better→best;old→older/elder→oldest/eldest;many/much→more→most;far→farther/further→farthest/furthest;little→less→least。
三、比较级的常用句型
1. 基本结构:A + be + 比较级 + than + B
My cousin is taller than I am.
Max is more interesting than his classmates.
2. 比较级前可用程度副词修饰
可用 much(……得多)、a little(稍微)、even(甚至)、still(还要)、far(……得多)等。
I am feeling much better after a good sleep.
China is much larger than Japan.
⚠️ 注意:very 不能修饰比较级!
3. “越来越……”
· 单音节/部分双音节词:比较级 + and + 比较级
The weather is getting colder and colder.
· 多音节词:more and more + 原级
The world will become more and more beautiful.
4. “越……,越……”:the + 比较级,the + 比较级
The busier I am, the happier I shall feel.
5. “两者中较……的一个”:the + 比较级 + of the two
She is the taller of the two.
6. “再……不过了”:can’t be + 比较级
It can’t be better.(再好不过了。)
四、最高级的常用句型
1. 基本结构:A + be + the + 最高级 + in/of 短语
Simon is the tallest boy in his class.
Betty is the most helpful person in our class.
📌 in 后接范围/场所(同一类),of 后接同类群体。
2. “最……之一”:one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词
Betty is one of my best friends.
3. 形容词性物主代词 + 最高级(不加 the)
Peter is his oldest son.
4. “第几最……”:the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词单数
The Yellow River is the second longest river in our country.
五、易错提醒
1. 形式混淆:易混淆“+er/est”“双写”“去y改i”“more/most”及不规则变化。
2. 结构遗漏:比较级易遗漏 than,最高级易遗漏 the。
3. 语义不清:比较级用于两者,最高级用于三者及以上。
六、分层中考练习题(30道)
🌟 基础篇(第1-10题)
1. My brother is ______ (tall) than me.
答案:taller
解析:句中有“than”,提示用比较级。“tall”是单音节词,直接在词尾加-er。
2. Betty is the ______ (helpful) person in our class.
答案:most helpful
解析:“in our class”表示三者及以上范围,用最高级。“helpful”是多音节词,最高级为“most helpful”。
3. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one.
答案:more interesting
解析:句中有“than”,用比较级。“interesting”是多音节词,比较级为“more interesting”。
4. Who is ______ (slim), Lucy or Lily?
答案:slimmer
解析:两者比较(Lucy和Lily),用比较级。“slim”是重读闭音节词,需双写末尾字母m再加-er。
5. The Yangtze River is one of ______ (long) rivers in China.
答案:the longest
解析:“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”表示“最……之一”。“long”是单音节词,最高级为longest。
6. My mother is ______ (busy) than my father.
答案:busier
解析:句中有“than”,用比较级。“busy”以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i再加-er。
7. Which is ______ (big), the sun or the moon?
答案:bigger
解析:两者比较(太阳和月亮),用比较级。“big”是重读闭音节词,双写g再加-er。
8. Tom is ______ (good) student in our school.
答案:the best
解析:“in our school”表示三者及以上范围,用最高级。“good”是不规则变化,最高级为best。
9. I feel much ______ (well) than yesterday.
答案:better
解析:句中有“than”,用比较级。“well”作形容词时比较级为better(不规则变化)。
10. She is ______ (beautiful) of the three sisters.
答案:the most beautiful
解析:“of the three sisters”表示三者范围,用最高级。“beautiful”是多音节词,最高级为most beautiful。
🌟🌟 提高篇(第11-20题)
11. —How do you like your middle school life? —I think it’s ______ than the life in primary school.
A. exciting B. more exciting C. most exciting D. the most exciting
答案:B
解析:句中有“than”,用比较级。“exciting”是多音节词,比较级为more exciting。
12. The more you exercise, ______ you will feel.
A. health B. healthier C. the healthier
答案:C
解析:“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”结构,表示“越……,越……”。“healthy”的比较级为healthier。
13. I’m ______ taller than my mother, but shorter than my father.
A. more B. a little C. very D. a lot of
答案:B
解析:比较级前可用a little、much、even等修饰,但very不能修饰比较级。这里表示“稍微高一点”。
14. The little boy has been much ______ since he visited the doctor last month.
A. healthy B. healthier C. healthiest D. the healthiest
答案:B
解析:much修饰比较级,表示“……得多”。“healthy”的比较级为healthier。
15. The ______ junk food we eat, the ______ we will be.
A. fewer; healthier B. less; healthier C. least; healthiest D. less; healthiest
答案:B
解析:“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”结构。“junk food”是不可数名词,用less修饰;“healthy”的比较级为healthier。
16. Amy learns ______ about pets than before because she often helps at the animal centre.
A. many B. much C. the most D. more
答案:D
解析:句中有“than”,用比较级。“much”的比较级为more。
17. Mr Yang is very friendly to us. He is ______ of all the people I know.
A. patient B. less patient C. the most patient D. more patient
答案:C
解析:“of all the people I know”表示三者及以上范围,用最高级。“patient”是多音节词,最高级为most patient,且最高级前加the。
18. It’s summer now. The weather is getting ______.
A. higher and higher B. lower and lower C. hotter and hotter D. colder and colder
答案:C
解析:“越来越……”结构,用“比较级+and+比较级”。夏天天气越来越热,“hot”的比较级为hotter。
19. With the teacher’s help, his English is getting ______.
A. good and good B. better and better C. best and best D. the best and the best
答案:B
解析:“越来越……”结构,“good”的比较级为better。
20. I think English is ______ than maths. I always get higher marks in English.
A. easy B. easier C. difficult D. more difficult
答案:B
解析:句中有“than”,用比较级。由“get higher marks”可知英语比数学更容易,“easy”的比较级为easier。
🌟🌟🌟 综合篇(第21-30题)
21. China is larger than ______ in Africa.
A. the other countries B. any other country C. any country
答案:C
解析:China不属于Africa,所以用“any country”(非洲的任何一个国家)即可。若比较对象属于同一范围,则用“any other + 单数名词”。
22. —Which notebook do you want to buy? —I will pick the black one, because it’s three times ______ than the others.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. as cheap as
答案:B
解析:句中有“than”,用比较级。倍数 + 比较级 + than 表示“比……贵/便宜几倍”。
23. —Would you like to go swimming or go shopping? —I’d like to go swimming. It’s much ______.
A. more difficult B. more enjoyable C. more boring
答案:B
解析:much修饰比较级。由语境“想去游泳”可知游泳更有趣,“enjoyable”的比较级为more enjoyable。
24. The fan club has ______ people this year than last year.
A. much B. many C. less D. fewer
答案:D
解析:句中有“than”,用比较级。“people”是可数名词复数,用fewer修饰(few的比较级)。注意less修饰不可数名词。
25. —What do you think of the movie? —It’s fantastic and it’s one of ______ films during the Spring Festival.
A. the most popular B. more popular C. less popular D. popular
答案:A
解析:“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”结构。“popular”是多音节词,最高级为most popular。
26. The more careful you are, the ______ mistakes you will make.
A. more B. less C. bigger D. fewer
答案:D
解析:“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”结构。“mistakes”是可数名词复数,用fewer(few的比较级),表示“越仔细,犯的错误越少”。
27. —How was your trip to London, Jack? —Couldn’t be ______. The bad weather made everything in a mess.
A. better B. best C. worse D. worst
答案:C
解析:“can’t be + 比较级”表示“再……不过了”。由“bad weather made everything in a mess”可知不能再糟了,用worse。
28. Tom is ______ than before and he has ______ friends now.
A. friendly; more B. friendly; fewer C. friendlier; more D. friendlier; fewer
答案:C
解析:第一个空句中有“than”,用比较级“friendlier”;第二个空由“比以前更友好”推断朋友更多,“friends”可数,用more。
29. —Which subject do you like ______, Chinese or English? —English.
A. well B. best C. better D. the best
答案:C
解析:问句是两者比较(Chinese or English),用比较级better。注意这里修饰动词like,但形容词比较级规则同样适用。
30. If you compare Linda ______ Mary, you will find Mary is ______ of the two.
A. to; the smarter B. with; smarter C. to; smarter D. with; the smarter
答案:D
解析:compare...with... 表示“把……和……比较”;“of the two”表示两者中较……的一个,用“the + 比较级”结构。
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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