Unit 2 单元检测（深圳专用）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元高效复习必备（新教材沪教版）

**基本信息** Unit 2 Great ideas单元检测（深圳专用），以历史人物与科学思想为素材，通过多样题型考查语言能力、文化意识与思维品质，适配初中英语单元复习。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10小题/10分|词汇辨析、语境理解|以“国王肖像”故事考查上下文逻辑，培养思维品质| |阅读理解|25小题/40分|文化传承（孔子）、科学史（阿基米德）、信息匹配|跨文化素材与实用信息结合，提升文化意识与语言应用能力| |语法填空|10空/10分|时态、代词、连词等语法点|蒙恬发明毛笔故事融入语法考查，兼顾文化传承与语言能力| |书面表达|1题/15分|问题解决类写作|要求讲述攻克难题经历，锻炼逻辑思维与表达能力，呼应单元主题|

Unit 2 Great ideas 单元检测（深圳专用） 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为75分，考试时间为70分钟。 第一部分选择题（50分） I. 完形填空 （10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） A portrait fit for a king Once upon a time, there was a king who lost his leg and eye during a war. Even with these challenges, his cleverness and kindness made him a great 1 in his kingdom. One day, the king was 2 the palace hallway and saw the portraits (肖像) of his ancestors on the walls. Thinking that one day his children would admire his portrait as well, he really wanted to have it 3 well. However, he wasn’t sure how his painting would turn out due to his physical  problems. So he 4 a group of famous painters to the palace, offering a great deal of money to the artist who could create a beautiful portrait for him. All the painters began to wonder how to paint the king. They soon decided that it was an 5 task, fearing that if the portrait did not meet the king’s expectations, they would get punished. So, one by one, they started making excuses and politely refused. Then, one painter 6 and said that he wanted to give it a try. The king agreed. The painter started 7 and coloring the portrait carefully in a quiet room. After some time, it was finally completed! All the other painters in the palace couldn’t wait to 8 what it would look like. When the painter presented the portrait, everyone, including the king, was 9 . The painter made a portrait in which the king was sitting on a horse, showing the one-leg side, holding his bow and aiming the arrow with his one eye closed. The king was very pleased to see this 10 portrait, and gave the painter a lot of money as he promised. 1. A. teacher B. king C. doctor D. student 2. A. climbing across B. running toward C. running to D. walking through 3. A. cut B. sung C. painted D. hung 4. A. pushed B. invited C. ordered D. forced 5. A. open-minded B. important C. useful D. impossible 6. A. held his head B. was all ears C. raised his hand D. made his face 7. A. drawing B. cleaning C. laughing D. crying 8. A. touch B. hear C. see D. smell 9. A. interested B. amazed C. pleased D. angry 10. A. ugly B. big C. beautiful D. dirty 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. C 【解析】本文讲述了一位身患残疾的国王想让人为自己画一幅美丽的肖像，许多画家因害怕受罚而拒绝，最终一位聪明的画家巧妙地避开了国王的残疾，画出了一幅令国王满意的肖像的故事。 1. 句意：尽管有这些挑战，他的聪明和善良使他成为王国里一位伟大的国王。 空格前“a great”提示此处填名词，指身份。结合第一段“there was a king”可知，他本身就是国王，应填king“国王”；teacher“老师”，doctor“医生”，student“学生”，均不符合语境。 2. 句意：一天，国王正穿过宫殿走廊，看到了墙上祖先的肖像。 空格描述国王在走廊中的移动方式。walking through“穿过”符合场景；climbing across“爬过”，running toward/ to“跑向”，均不符合“看肖像”的从容语境。 3. 句意：想到有一天他的孩子们也会欣赏他的肖像，他非常想把它画好。 空格前“have it”为“have sth. done”结构，需用过去分词作宾补，指“让人画它”。painted“被画”符合；cut“被切”，sung“被唱”，hung“被挂”，均不符合“画肖像”的语境。 4. 句意：所以他邀请了一群著名画家到宫殿，并承诺给能为他创作一幅美丽肖像的画家一大笔钱。 空格后“a group of famous painters”为受邀对象。invited“邀请”符合；pushed“推”，ordered“命令”，forced“强迫”，均不符合“请画家来”的礼貌语境。 5. 句意：他们很快认定这是一项不可能的任务，担心如果肖像不符合国王的期望，他们会受到惩罚。 空格修饰“task”，描述画家的判断。impossible“不可能的”符合“害怕受罚”的语境；open-minded“思想开放的”，important“重要的”，useful“有用的”，均不符合。 6. 句意：这时，一位画家举起了手，说他想要试一试。 空格描述画家主动请缨的动作。raised his hand“举手”符合；held his head“扶着头”，was all ears“全神贯注听”，made his face“做鬼脸”，均不符合。 7. 句意：画家开始在一个安静的房间里仔细地画画和上色。 空格与“coloring”并列，描述绘画过程。drawing“画画”符合；cleaning“打扫”，laughing“大笑”，crying“哭泣”，均不符合。 8. 句意：宫殿里所有其他画家都迫不及待地想看看它会是什么样子。 空格描述画家们想观察肖像的动作。see“看”符合；touch“摸”，hear“听”，smell“闻”，均不符合“看画像”的语境。 9. 句意：当画家展示肖像时，包括国王在内的所有人都感到惊讶。 空格描述众人看到巧妙画像后的反应。amazed“惊讶的”符合；interested“感兴趣的”，pleased“满意的”，angry“生气的”，均不如amazed能体现“出乎意料”的效果。 10. 句意：国王非常满意地看到这幅巧妙的肖像，并按照承诺给了画家很多钱。 空格修饰“portrait”，描述画像的巧妙。beautiful“巧妙的/美丽的”在语境中表示“处理得很聪明”；ugly“丑陋的”，big“大的”，dirty“肮脏的”，均不符合。 II阅读理解 （40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius (孔子) . Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his great contribution (贡献) to the teaching today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy (值得的) to be learned, “When I’m with three people, one of them must be better than me in some area. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught us that thinking is very important in study, “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的) . All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.” he said. 11. Why do we still remember Confucius? A. Because he lived a poor life in his childhood. B. Because he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. C. Because he had wise thoughts and great views about teaching. D. Because he traveled with his students from state to state. 12. Which is the correct order of the following statements? ①Confucius worked to help his mother as a child. ②Confucius taught about 3,000 students in his lifetime. ③Confucius’s father died. ④Confucius started the first public school in Chinese history. A. ③①④② B. ②③④① C. ①③②④ D. ②①③④ 13. What does the underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Poor B. Rich C. Bright D. Cute 14. According to the passage, what can we learn from Confucius? A. Thinking is very important in study. B. We can learn everything from others. C. We should always care for ourselves. D. No one has something worthy to be learned. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. Confucius’ Teaching Methods B. A Person Who Changed Chinese History C. Confucius—A Great Teacher and Thinker D. Confucius’s Thoughts 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国历史上伟大的教师和思想家孔子的一生，包括他的早年经历、教育理念、主要思想以及对后世的深远影响。 11. 细节理解题。根据“…people still remember and respect him for his great contribution (贡献) to the teaching today.”以及“Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society.”可知，我们至今仍然铭记孔子，是因为他对教育的巨大贡献以及他关于世界和社会的智慧思想。故选C。 12. 细节理解题。根据文章内容对事件发生顺序进行排序：首先，第二段提到“His father died when he was only 3.” (③孔子的父亲去世) ；接着，第二段提到“As a child, he had to work to help his mother.” (①孔子小时候不得不工作来帮助母亲) ；然后，第三段提到“Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history.” (④孔子创办了中国历史上第一所公学) ；最后，第三段提到“He had about 3,000 students in his life.” (②孔子一生教了大约3000名学生) 。因此，正确的顺序是③①④②。故选A。 13. 词句猜测题。根据“At that time, only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn.”可知，前半句说当时只有“noble families”的孩子能上学，后半句用but转折，说孔子认为“每个人”都应该上学。这种对立关系表明，“noble families”指的是享有特权的少数家庭，即富裕或贵族家庭。因此，noble在这里的意思接近于“富有的”。故选B。 14. 细节理解题。根据“‘…All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的) . All thinking but no study makes people lazy.’”可知，孔子强调了学习与思考相结合的重要性，只学习不思考会让人困惑，只思考不学习会让人懒惰。这说明思考在学习中非常重要。故选A。 15. 最佳标题题。文章从孔子的生平事迹 (早年生活、兴办教育) 和思想理念 (教育思想、处世哲学) 两个方面进行了介绍。因此，选项C“孔子——一位伟大的教师和思想家”是文章的最佳标题。故选C。 B Thousands of years ago, Archimedes, a brilliant ancient Greek figure, lived in the city of Syracuse. He was among the most outstanding scientists, mathematicians and inventors of his time. Gifted with sharp minds and patient characters, he was keen on observing tiny details in daily life. During his lifetime, he created numerous remarkable achievements across maths, physics and invention fields, leaving profound influences on human development. Among all his works, the discovery of buoyancy principle is the most world-famous one. We can learn it from the golden crown story. King Hiero once doubted his fancy golden crown was not made of pure gold, so he turned to Archimedes to find out the hidden truth. Stuck in the tough problem for days, Archimedes got sudden inspiration when water ran over his bathtub as he stepped inside. He soon carried out fair experiments and proved the dishonest crown maker fooled the king. Finally, the cheater was sent to prison, and Archimedes concluded the famous buoyancy law (浮力定律)from this test. Apart from physical discoveries, Archimedes also made groundbreaking breakthroughs in mathematics. He spent years studying geometry and worked out precise data about circles and spheres. He even finished plenty of valuable maths books. His research solved countless hard calculation problems for ancient people and greatly promoted the progress of ancient mathematics. He also invented plenty of practical machines to benefit common people and protect his hometown. He created water screws to help farmers irrigate farmland easily. Meanwhile, he designed powerful defensive tools to keep enemy armies away from Syracuse. Surprisingly, his ancient discoveries still shape modern science today. His buoyancy law supports modern shipbuilding, submarine manufacturing and ocean exploration. Besides, his geometric theories build solid foundations for modern maths, physics and engineering. Even today, scientists adopt his research ways to finish experiments and data analysis. Archimedes devoted his whole life to scientific exploration. All his success comes from constant thinking and careful tests. Praised as one of the wisest ancient scholars, he is learned in middle school classes. His spirit of observation and exploration encourages students to think independently and explore the world bravely. 16.According to the passage, what laid a solid foundation for modern engineering? A. Archimedes’ buoyancy law B. Archimedes’ geometric theories C. Archimedes’ defensive tools D. The golden crown experiment 17. What can we know about Archimedes from Paragraph 2? A. He was good at combining daily phenomena with scientific research. B. He finished the crown experiment with others’ help quickly. C. He hated the crown maker from the very beginning. D. He created the buoyancy law long before the crown test. 18. What can be learned about modern science from Paragraph 5? A. Modern scientists have given up Archimedes’ old theories. B. Ancient scientific theories still have great practical value. C. Ocean exploration totally depends on new modern laws. D. Engineering has no connection with geometry theories. 19. Which of the following is true about Archimedes? A. He lived in an ancient Greek city named Athens. B. He wrote no books during his whole lifetime. C. He invented water screws to help farmers irrigate land. D. He solved the crown problem without any experiments. 20. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Tell the whole story of the famous golden crown test. B. Introduce Archimedes’ achievements and far-reaching influence. C. Show the development of ancient Greek mathematics. D. Praise the spirit of modern scientific researchers. 【答案】BABCB 【解析】本文主要介绍了古希腊学者阿基米德在物理、数学、发明等领域的各项成就，以及他的研究成果至今对现代科学仍有着深远影响。 16.细节理解题。根据文章第五段 “Besides, his geometric theories build solid foundations for modern maths, physics and engineering.” 可知，阿基米德的几何理论为现代工程学奠定了坚实基础。A 选项浮力定律多用于造船、潜艇制造和海洋探索；C 选项防御工具是他发明的守城器械；D 选项金王冠实验是发现浮力定律的过程，均不符合题意。故选 B。 17.推理判断题。第二段讲述阿基米德在泡澡时，从水溢出浴缸这一日常现象中获得灵感，进而完成实验、发现浮力定律。由此能推断出他擅长将日常现象与科学研究相结合。B 选项文中未提及他得到他人帮助；C 选项国王怀疑王冠掺假，并非阿基米德一开始就痛恨工匠；D 选项浮力定律正是在王冠实验之后总结得出的。故选 A。 18.细节理解题。第五段开篇点明阿基米德古老的发现至今仍影响着现代科学，后续举例说明他的理论在造船、数理、实验研究等方面依旧发挥作用，体现出古代科学理论仍具备很高的实用价值。A 选项现代科学家并未舍弃他的理论；C 选项海洋探索依托他的浮力定律，并非完全依靠新定律；D 选项几何理论是工程学的基础，二者联系紧密。故选 B。 19.细节理解题。根据第四段 “He created water screws to help farmers irrigate farmland easily.” 可知他发明螺旋水车帮助农民灌溉农田，C 项表述正确。A 选项他居住在锡拉库萨而非雅典；B 选项文中提到他完成了多部有价值的数学著作；D 选项他通过多次实验才解决王冠难题。故选 C。 20.主旨大意题。文章依次介绍了阿基米德在浮力、数学、器械发明上的成就，最后讲述其研究对现代科学的深远影响以及他的精神价值。A 选项金王冠实验只是文中一个事例，并非全文主旨；C 选项古希腊数学发展只是部分内容，概括片面；D 选项文章赞扬的是阿基米德的探索精神，并非现代科研人员。故选 B。 C “I have no special talent. I’m only passionately curious.” This famous quote from Albert Einstein might tell the reason for his success. When Newton discovered gravity, and when Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, their curiosity was greatly satisfied. If they hadn’t been curious, what a loss for humans! There is a common truth that intellectual curiosity (求知欲）contributes to school performance more than intelligence. Some studies also show there are benefits of curiosity in improving the long-term level of learning and memory, and a lot of positive results are connected with curiosity. It has been known that both animals and humans are willing to take a risk to satisfy their curiosity despite knowing that the result will remain unchanged. Despite there being different views on the reason for curiosity, most experts reach an agreement that like the way the stomach looks for food, our brain looks for knowledge. People and animals are eager to know things because getting that information means a reward. An interesting thing is that our brain will release a pleasure-related chemical when it has been given new information, making seeking information much like eating — another pleasant activity. Researchers newly found that increasing the release of the chemical greatly increased the curiosity in animals. However, how exactly the chemical plays a role still remains a mystery. Considering the present level of research on curiosity and the driving force of curiosity, including scientific curiosity, more research should be carried on in this field. It’s safe to say that curiosity itself will help uncover curiosity. And remember even though the idiom says “Curiosity kills the cat”, it ends with satisfaction bringing it back. 21. What do the examples mentioned in Paragraph 1 intend to tell us? A. The importance of being curious. B. The advice from successful people. C. The reason why humans keep curious. D. The relationship between curiosity and efforts. 22. What can we learn about intellectual curiosity from Paragraph 2? A. It often requires long-term training. B. It helps people develop a positive lifestyle. C. Students with it learn better than those smart ones. D. Students born smart often have stronger intellectual curiosity. 23. Which of the following ideas is generally accepted about curiosity? A. Human curiosity comes when they want to change results. B. It is natural and common among humans and animals. C. It is often related to some adventurous activities. D. Animals’ curiosity appears with hunger. 24. What does the author mean in the last paragraph? A. Curiosity takes many different forms. B. People may make mistakes because of strong curiosity. C. Curiosity makes people dissatisfied with their present situations. D. People should do more research on curiosity with some curiosity. 25. Which of the following is TRUE about the passage? A. It’s safe to say that curiosity itself won’t help uncover curiosity. B. People shouldn’t have any curiosity. C. Intellectual curiosity contributes to school performance leas than intelligence. D. Increasing the release of the chemical greatly increased the curiosity in animals. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 【解析】文章通过多个科学家因为好奇而得出的重大发现和发明，说明好奇心对于人类是有好处的，并对这方面的研究做了阐述。 21. 推理判断题。根据“If they hadn’t been curious, what a loss for humans!”可知，作者认为科学家如果没有这些好奇心的话，将是人类的一大损失，所以说这里是强调好奇心的重要性，故选A。 22. 推理判断题。根据“There is a common truth that intellectual curiosity (求知欲）contributes to school performance more than intelligence...”可知，求知欲强的孩子比聪明的孩子会学得更好，故选C。 23. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“It has been known that both animals and humans are willing to take a risk to satisfy their curiosity despite knowing that the result will remain unchanged.”可知，人类和动物都会有求知，故选B。 24. 段落大意题。根据“...more research should be carried on in this field...”可知，人们应该在好奇心上做更多的研究，故选D。 25. 推理判断题。根据“Researchers newly found that increasing the release of the chemical greatly increased the curiosity in animals.”可知，增加化学物质的释放极大地增加了动物的好奇心。故选D。 第二节 短文填空 以下是一则短文, 请阅读短文, 并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中, 使原文的意思完整、连贯。并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共5 小题, 每小题1分） There are many reasons why people study history. 26 History can also provide us with a guide to making better decisions in the future. Knowing yourself History teaches you about yourself. If you did not know your own past, you would not know which subjects you liked or which sports you enjoyed. You would not know your pride or mistakes you should avoid. 27 History matters to groups as well as individuals. It shapes identity and shared values. Knowing others History teaches about the cultures that were unlike your own. You learn about other peoples, where they lived, and what was important to them. History teaches you cultural differences and helps you understand others’ thoughts and experiences. 28 . You also learn how these struggles have affected the way people view themselves and others. 29 History can provide you with a better understanding of where you live. You are part of a culture that interacts with the outside world. Even events that happen in other parts of the world affect your culture. Today’s events are shaped by the past. Knowing the past helps you figure out what is happening now. 30 . Your own history may have taught you that studying for a test results in better grades. In a similar way, world history has taught a country that providing young people with education makes them more productive when they become adults, and therefore, the country will become more powerful. A. Without personal history, you would not have an identity B. You learn about the struggles people have faced C. Individuals and countries both benefit from the wisdom that history can teach D. Knowing your world E. Understanding the past helps us to understand the world today F. Understanding through history 【答案】26. E 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了人们学习历史的多种原因，包括认识自己、了解他人、认识世界以及从历史中汲取智慧。 26. 第一段开头提到“There are many reasons why people study history.”，后文紧接着说“History can also provide us with a guide to making better decisions in the future.”，选项E“Understanding the past helps us to understand the world today”能够承接开头“学习历史的原因”，并与后文“为未来决策提供指导”形成递进关系。 27. 第二段前文提到“You would not know your pride or mistakes you should avoid.”，后文提到“History matters to groups as well as individuals.”，选项A“Without personal history, you would not have an identity”能够承接上文，用“没有个人历史就没有身份”来总结“了解自己过去”的重要性，并自然过渡到后文“历史对群体同样重要”。 28. 第三段前文提到“History teaches you cultural differences and helps you understand others’ thoughts and experiences.”，后文提到“You also learn how these struggles have affected the way people view themselves and others.”，选项B“You learn about the struggles people have faced”能够承接上文，引出“了解人们所面对的挣扎”，与后文“这些挣扎如何影响人们的认知”形成逻辑衔接。 29. 第四段后文提到“History can provide you with a better understanding of where you live.”，整段围绕“了解你所处的世界”展开，选项D“Knowing your world”作为该段小标题，能够概括本段主旨，与前两段的小标题“Knowing yourself” “Knowing others”形成并列结构。 30. 第五段前文提到个人从历史中学到的经验，后文提到国家从世界历史中学到的教训，选项C“Individuals and countries both benefit from the wisdom that history can teach”能够承接上文个人层面的例子，引出国家层面的例子，总结本段“个人与国家都能从历史智慧中受益”的核心观点。 第三节 信息匹配（共 5小题, 每小题1分） 下面A-F是六个人形机器人型号和性能介绍，请从5个人的需求描述中选出他们最感兴趣的机器人，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 31 Tom: My grandfather is 78 and lives by himself. I’m worried about his safety and often think if he’s taken his medicine on time. Is there something that could keep him company and help him when needed? 32 Mary: I’ve just started learning German, but it’s hard to find someone to practise with. Also, my little brother needs help with his maths homework. 33 Jack: I work from home, so my schedule is busy but flexible (灵活的). The problem is, I often forget to do housework. I need something to keep me organized. 34 Lily: I love running, but I want to know more about my performance, like how many calories I burn and whether my heart rate is normal. Also, I get bored running alone. 35 David: My family is going on a vacation next month, and I’m worried about leaving our house empty. I want something that can watch over our home and let us know if anything unusual happens. A Robo Buddy 3000 Price: $2,999 Height: 1.2 meters Features: Can clean rooms, wake you up in the morning, and remind you of your schedule; connects to your smartphone. Best for: Daily home help and personal assistant (助手) tasks. B Edu Bot Pro Price: $1,599 Height: 0.8 meters Features: Teaches maths, science, and languages through fun games; comes with 50+ interactive (交互的) lessons; can answer students’ questions. Best for: Children aged 5-12 and home schooling. C Care Friend X2 Price: $4,500 Height: 1.4 meters Features: Designed for the elderly; can call for help in emergencies, remind users to take medicine, and chat to keep them company; has easy-to-use touch screen. Best for: Senior citizens living alone D Sport Mate 360 Price: $3,200 Height: 1.5 meters Features: Acts as a personal trainer; can track (追踪) your heart rate, count steps, suggest exercise plans, and play music during workouts. Best for: Fitness lovers and people who exercise regularly. E Guard Bot Alpha Price: $5,200 Height: 1.6 meters Features: 24-hour home security (安全) monitor; watches for unusual movements, sends information to your phone, and can sound an alarm; works day and night. Best for: Home security and peace of mind. F Chef Bot Kitchen Price: $3,800 Height: 1.3 meters Features: Has over 1,000 recipes (食谱); can cut vegetables, mix ingredients, and cook simple meals; suggests healthy recipes based on your diet needs. Best for: Busy people who love home-cooked meals but have no time to cook. 【答案】31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. E 【解析】本文介绍了六个人形机器人型号和性能，以匹配Tom、Mary、Jack、Lily、David各自的兴趣。 31. Tom的核心需求是78岁独居爷爷的安全保障、按时服药提醒、陪伴需求。C项“专为独居老人设计，可紧急求助、提醒服药、聊天陪伴。”贴合Tom对爷爷的照护需求。 32. Mary的核心需求是练习德语的语言辅助、弟弟的数学作业辅导。B项“通过趣味游戏教授数学、语言等学科，含50+互动课程且能解答学生问题。”同时满足Mary的德语学习和弟弟的数学辅导需求。 33. Jack的核心需求是居家办公需规划日程、提醒做家务，保持生活有序。A项“可清洁房间、晨间叫醒、提醒日程，还能连接手机，适配居家办公者的日程管理和基础家务辅助需求”，完美解决Jack“忘做家务、无规划”的问题。 34. Lily的核心需求是跑步时追踪运动数据、缓解独自跑步的无聊。D项“作为私人健身教练，可追踪心率、计步，还能在运动时播放音乐。”既满足运动数据监测需求，又解决独自运动的枯燥问题，适配健身爱好者。 35. David的核心需求是外出度假时的居家安防，异常情况提醒。E项“24小时居家安全监控，检测异常动静、向手机发送信息并鸣笛报警，全天候守护家居安全。”贴合David外出度假的安防需求。 第二部分 非选择题（25分） III. 语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 223 BC, Meng Tian, a general, led the army in a war against the Chu Kingdom. In those days, people wrote 36 a kind of stick pen. The stick pen was very hard and made writing very slow. Meng Tian had to often write a great number of 37 (report) about battlefield (战场) situation to the Qin ruler. He was frustrated (沮丧的) with the difficulty of writing, so he decided 38 (make) improvements. Between battles, Meng enjoyed hunting. One day, Meng hunted a wild rabbit. It was fat and heavy and 39 (it) tail left a trail (痕迹) on the ground. Meng suddenly had an idea. He immediately tied the rabbit's tail to a stick 40 tried writing with it. But the rabbit's hair was too oily (多油的) to hold the ink. Meng 41 (feel) very sad and threw his “rabbit hair brush pen” away into a hole in the rocks. However, Meng Tian couldn't accept the failure and continued to spend time wondering how to improve the brush pen. A few days later he was having 42 walk outside for some fresh air. By chance, the rabbit hair brush pen 43 (find) again. He picked it up and found that it had changed and was now soft and wet—— holding water. Meng Tian got inspiration at once. He put the rabbit hair brush pen back in the ink and found it worked 44 (beautiful) on silk. This small accident led to the invention of the Chinese writing brush, a tool that would become one of the 45 (important) inventions in ancient Chinese civilization. 【答案】36. with 37. reports 38. to make 39. its 40. and 41. felt 42. a 43. was found 44. beautifully 45. most important 【来源】湖南长沙市雅礼部分学校2026年初三第二次模拟检测试卷 英语科目 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了秦朝将领蒙恬在打仗期间，因为用木棍写字太慢，偶然间通过兔子的尾巴获得了灵感，最终发明了毛笔的故事。 【详解】36. 句意：在那些日子里，人们用一种木棍笔写字。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“使用”某种工具，英语中通常用介词with表示“用……”。故填with。 37. 句意：蒙恬不得不经常写大量的关于战场情况的报告给秦国统治者。分析句子结构可知，a great number of意为“大量的”，其后应接可数名词的复数形式，report的复数形式为reports。故填reports。 38. 句意：他对书写的困难感到沮丧，所以他决定做出改进。分析句子结构可知，decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，为固定搭配，此处应填动词不定式。故填to make。 39. 句意：它又胖又重，它的尾巴在地上留下了一道痕迹。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰其后的名词tail（尾巴），应使用形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词为its。故填its。 40. 句意：他立刻把兔子的尾巴绑在一根棍子上，并尝试用它写字。分析句子结构可知，tied和tried是两个并列的谓语动词，表示动作的顺承关系，应使用并列连词and连接。故填and。 41. 句意：蒙恬感到非常伤心，把他的“兔毛笔”扔进了岩石的洞里。分析句子结构可知，根据并列谓语动词threw（throw的过去式）可知，该句时态为一般过去时，feel的过去式为felt。故填felt。 42. 句意：几天后，他在外面散步呼吸新鲜空气。分析句子结构可知，have a walk意为“散步”，为固定搭配，此处表示泛指。故填a。 43. 句意：偶然地，那支兔毛笔又被找到了。分析句子结构可知，主语the rabbit hair brush pen与动词find之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were+过去分词）。主语为单数，故填was found。 44. 句意：他把兔毛笔放回墨水中，发现它在丝绸上写得非常好。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰动词worked，应使用副词形式，beautiful的副词为beautifully。故填beautifully。 45. 句意：这个小意外导致了中国毛笔的发明，这种工具将成为中国古代文明中最重要的发明之一。分析句子结构可知，“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”，为固定句型，important的最高级为most important。故填most important。 四、书面表达(15分) 诸多伟大的想法，往往源自现实中遇到的难题。请选取一则事例，撰文讲述：有人凭借独到的智慧与巧妙的办法，最终攻克难题的经历。文章包含以下内容： ● What was the problem to be solved? ● Who came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem? ● How was the problem solved? ● What influence has this idea had on our lives? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文二】 A long time ago, people mainly used stone axes to cut wood. This work was not only slow but also very tiring. Everyone wanted a better tool to make the job easier, yet nobody came up with a good idea. One day, Lu Ban was walking in the mountains. A sharp wild leaf cut his finger. He looked closely at the leaf and got great inspiration. Then he created a new tool called the saw with sharp teeth. It worked far better than axes. This brilliant invention brought great changes to people’s work. For thousands of years, the saw has been widely used all over the world. It truly shows that great ideas come from careful observation around us. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Great ideas 单元检测（深圳专用） 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为75分，考试时间为70分钟。 第一部分选择题（50分） I. 完形填空 （10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） A portrait fit for a king Once upon a time, there was a king who lost his leg and eye during a war. Even with these challenges, his cleverness and kindness made him a great 1 in his kingdom. One day, the king was 2 the palace hallway and saw the portraits (肖像) of his ancestors on the walls. Thinking that one day his children would admire his portrait as well, he really wanted to have it 3 well. However, he wasn’t sure how his painting would turn out due to his physical  problems. So he 4 a group of famous painters to the palace, offering a great deal of money to the artist who could create a beautiful portrait for him. All the painters began to wonder how to paint the king. They soon decided that it was an 5 task, fearing that if the portrait did not meet the king’s expectations, they would get punished. So, one by one, they started making excuses and politely refused. Then, one painter 6 and said that he wanted to give it a try. The king agreed. The painter started 7 and coloring the portrait carefully in a quiet room. After some time, it was finally completed! All the other painters in the palace couldn’t wait to 8 what it would look like. When the painter presented the portrait, everyone, including the king, was 9 . The painter made a portrait in which the king was sitting on a horse, showing the one-leg side, holding his bow and aiming the arrow with his one eye closed. The king was very pleased to see this 10 portrait, and gave the painter a lot of money as he promised. 1. A. teacher B. king C. doctor D. student 2. A. climbing across B. running toward C. running to D. walking through 3. A. cut B. sung C. painted D. hung 4. A. pushed B. invited C. ordered D. forced 5. A. open-minded B. important C. useful D. impossible 6. A. held his head B. was all ears C. raised his hand D. made his face 7. A. drawing B. cleaning C. laughing D. crying 8. A. touch B. hear C. see D. smell 9. A. interested B. amazed C. pleased D. angry 10. A. ugly B. big C. beautiful D. dirty II阅读理解 （40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius (孔子) . Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his great contribution (贡献) to the teaching today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy (值得的) to be learned, “When I’m with three people, one of them must be better than me in some area. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught us that thinking is very important in study, “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的) . All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.” he said. 11. Why do we still remember Confucius? A. Because he lived a poor life in his childhood. B. Because he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. C. Because he had wise thoughts and great views about teaching. D. Because he traveled with his students from state to state. 12. Which is the correct order of the following statements? ①Confucius worked to help his mother as a child. ②Confucius taught about 3,000 students in his lifetime. ③Confucius’s father died. ④Confucius started the first public school in Chinese history. A. ③①④② B. ②③④① C. ①③②④ D. ②①③④ 13. What does the underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Poor B. Rich C. Bright D. Cute 14. According to the passage, what can we learn from Confucius? A. Thinking is very important in study. B. We can learn everything from others. C. We should always care for ourselves. D. No one has something worthy to be learned. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. Confucius’ Teaching Methods B. A Person Who Changed Chinese History C. Confucius—A Great Teacher and Thinker D. Confucius’s Thoughts B Thousands of years ago, Archimedes, a brilliant ancient Greek figure, lived in the city of Syracuse. He was among the most outstanding scientists, mathematicians and inventors of his time. Gifted with sharp minds and patient characters, he was keen on observing tiny details in daily life. During his lifetime, he created numerous remarkable achievements across maths, physics and invention fields, leaving profound influences on human development. Among all his works, the discovery of buoyancy principle is the most world-famous one. We can learn it from the golden crown story. King Hiero once doubted his fancy golden crown was not made of pure gold, so he turned to Archimedes to find out the hidden truth. Stuck in the tough problem for days, Archimedes got sudden inspiration when water ran over his bathtub as he stepped inside. He soon carried out fair experiments and proved the dishonest crown maker fooled the king. Finally, the cheater was sent to prison, and Archimedes concluded the famous buoyancy law (浮力定律)from this test. Apart from physical discoveries, Archimedes also made groundbreaking breakthroughs in mathematics. He spent years studying geometry and worked out precise data about circles and spheres. He even finished plenty of valuable maths books. His research solved countless hard calculation problems for ancient people and greatly promoted the progress of ancient mathematics. He also invented plenty of practical machines to benefit common people and protect his hometown. He created water screws to help farmers irrigate farmland easily. Meanwhile, he designed powerful defensive tools to keep enemy armies away from Syracuse. Surprisingly, his ancient discoveries still shape modern science today. His buoyancy law supports modern shipbuilding, submarine manufacturing and ocean exploration. Besides, his geometric theories build solid foundations for modern maths, physics and engineering. Even today, scientists adopt his research ways to finish experiments and data analysis. Archimedes devoted his whole life to scientific exploration. All his success comes from constant thinking and careful tests. Praised as one of the wisest ancient scholars, he is learned in middle school classes. His spirit of observation and exploration encourages students to think independently and explore the world bravely. 16.According to the passage, what laid a solid foundation for modern engineering? A. Archimedes’ buoyancy law B. Archimedes’ geometric theories C. Archimedes’ defensive tools D. The golden crown experiment 17. What can we know about Archimedes from Paragraph 2? A. He was good at combining daily phenomena with scientific research. B. He finished the crown experiment with others’ help quickly. C. He hated the crown maker from the very beginning. D. He created the buoyancy law long before the crown test. 18. What can be learned about modern science from Paragraph 5? A. Modern scientists have given up Archimedes’ old theories. B. Ancient scientific theories still have great practical value. C. Ocean exploration totally depends on new modern laws. D. Engineering has no connection with geometry theories. 19. Which of the following is true about Archimedes? A. He lived in an ancient Greek city named Athens. B. He wrote no books during his whole lifetime. C. He invented water screws to help farmers irrigate land. D. He solved the crown problem without any experiments. 20. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Tell the whole story of the famous golden crown test. B. Introduce Archimedes’ achievements and far-reaching influence. C. Show the development of ancient Greek mathematics. D. Praise the spirit of modern scientific researchers. C “I have no special talent. I’m only passionately curious.” This famous quote from Albert Einstein might tell the reason for his success. When Newton discovered gravity, and when Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, their curiosity was greatly satisfied. If they hadn’t been curious, what a loss for humans! There is a common truth that intellectual curiosity (求知欲）contributes to school performance more than intelligence. Some studies also show there are benefits of curiosity in improving the long-term level of learning and memory, and a lot of positive results are connected with curiosity. It has been known that both animals and humans are willing to take a risk to satisfy their curiosity despite knowing that the result will remain unchanged. Despite there being different views on the reason for curiosity, most experts reach an agreement that like the way the stomach looks for food, our brain looks for knowledge. People and animals are eager to know things because getting that information means a reward. An interesting thing is that our brain will release a pleasure-related chemical when it has been given new information, making seeking information much like eating — another pleasant activity. Researchers newly found that increasing the release of the chemical greatly increased the curiosity in animals. However, how exactly the chemical plays a role still remains a mystery. Considering the present level of research on curiosity and the driving force of curiosity, including scientific curiosity, more research should be carried on in this field. It’s safe to say that curiosity itself will help uncover curiosity. And remember even though the idiom says “Curiosity kills the cat”, it ends with satisfaction bringing it back. 21. What do the examples mentioned in Paragraph 1 intend to tell us? A. The importance of being curious. B. The advice from successful people. C. The reason why humans keep curious. D. The relationship between curiosity and efforts. 22. What can we learn about intellectual curiosity from Paragraph 2? A. It often requires long-term training. B. It helps people develop a positive lifestyle. C. Students with it learn better than those smart ones. D. Students born smart often have stronger intellectual curiosity. 23. Which of the following ideas is generally accepted about curiosity? A. Human curiosity comes when they want to change results. B. It is natural and common among humans and animals. C. It is often related to some adventurous activities. D. Animals’ curiosity appears with hunger. 24. What does the author mean in the last paragraph? A. Curiosity takes many different forms. B. People may make mistakes because of strong curiosity. C. Curiosity makes people dissatisfied with their present situations. D. People should do more research on curiosity with some curiosity. 25. Which of the following is TRUE about the passage? A. It’s safe to say that curiosity itself won’t help uncover curiosity. B. People shouldn’t have any curiosity. C. Intellectual curiosity contributes to school performance leas than intelligence. D. Increasing the release of the chemical greatly increased the curiosity in animals. 第二节 短文填空 以下是一则短文, 请阅读短文, 并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中, 使原文的意思完整、连贯。并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共5 小题, 每小题1分） There are many reasons why people study history. 26 History can also provide us with a guide to making better decisions in the future. Knowing yourself History teaches you about yourself. If you did not know your own past, you would not know which subjects you liked or which sports you enjoyed. You would not know your pride or mistakes you should avoid. 27 History matters to groups as well as individuals. It shapes identity and shared values. Knowing others History teaches about the cultures that were unlike your own. You learn about other peoples, where they lived, and what was important to them. History teaches you cultural differences and helps you understand others’ thoughts and experiences. 28 . You also learn how these struggles have affected the way people view themselves and others. 29 History can provide you with a better understanding of where you live. You are part of a culture that interacts with the outside world. Even events that happen in other parts of the world affect your culture. Today’s events are shaped by the past. Knowing the past helps you figure out what is happening now. 30 . Your own history may have taught you that studying for a test results in better grades. In a similar way, world history has taught a country that providing young people with education makes them more productive when they become adults, and therefore, the country will become more powerful. A. Without personal history, you would not have an identity B. You learn about the struggles people have faced C. Individuals and countries both benefit from the wisdom that history can teach D. Knowing your world E. Understanding the past helps us to understand the world today F. Understanding through history 第三节 信息匹配（共 5小题, 每小题1分） 下面A-F是六个人形机器人型号和性能介绍，请从5个人的需求描述中选出他们最感兴趣的机器人，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 31 Tom: My grandfather is 78 and lives by himself. I’m worried about his safety and often think if he’s taken his medicine on time. Is there something that could keep him company and help him when needed? 32 Mary: I’ve just started learning German, but it’s hard to find someone to practise with. Also, my little brother needs help with his maths homework. 33 Jack: I work from home, so my schedule is busy but flexible (灵活的). The problem is, I often forget to do housework. I need something to keep me organized. 34 Lily: I love running, but I want to know more about my performance, like how many calories I burn and whether my heart rate is normal. Also, I get bored running alone. 35 David: My family is going on a vacation next month, and I’m worried about leaving our house empty. I want something that can watch over our home and let us know if anything unusual happens. A Robo Buddy 3000 Price: $2,999 Height: 1.2 meters Features: Can clean rooms, wake you up in the morning, and remind you of your schedule; connects to your smartphone. Best for: Daily home help and personal assistant (助手) tasks. B Edu Bot Pro Price: $1,599 Height: 0.8 meters Features: Teaches maths, science, and languages through fun games; comes with 50+ interactive (交互的) lessons; can answer students’ questions. Best for: Children aged 5-12 and home schooling. C Care Friend X2 Price: $4,500 Height: 1.4 meters Features: Designed for the elderly; can call for help in emergencies, remind users to take medicine, and chat to keep them company; has easy-to-use touch screen. Best for: Senior citizens living alone D Sport Mate 360 Price: $3,200 Height: 1.5 meters Features: Acts as a personal trainer; can track (追踪) your heart rate, count steps, suggest exercise plans, and play music during workouts. Best for: Fitness lovers and people who exercise regularly. E Guard Bot Alpha Price: $5,200 Height: 1.6 meters Features: 24-hour home security (安全) monitor; watches for unusual movements, sends information to your phone, and can sound an alarm; works day and night. Best for: Home security and peace of mind. F Chef Bot Kitchen Price: $3,800 Height: 1.3 meters Features: Has over 1,000 recipes (食谱); can cut vegetables, mix ingredients, and cook simple meals; suggests healthy recipes based on your diet needs. Best for: Busy people who love home-cooked meals but have no time to cook. 第二部分 非选择题（25分） III. 语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 223 BC, Meng Tian, a general, led the army in a war against the Chu Kingdom. In those days, people wrote 36 a kind of stick pen. The stick pen was very hard and made writing very slow. Meng Tian had to often write a great number of 37 (report) about battlefield (战场) situation to the Qin ruler. He was frustrated (沮丧的) with the difficulty of writing, so he decided 38 (make) improvements. Between battles, Meng enjoyed hunting. One day, Meng hunted a wild rabbit. It was fat and heavy and 39 (it) tail left a trail (痕迹) on the ground. Meng suddenly had an idea. He immediately tied the rabbit's tail to a stick 40 tried writing with it. But the rabbit's hair was too oily (多油的) to hold the ink. Meng 41 (feel) very sad and threw his “rabbit hair brush pen” away into a hole in the rocks. However, Meng Tian couldn't accept the failure and continued to spend time wondering how to improve the brush pen. A few days later he was having 42 walk outside for some fresh air. By chance, the rabbit hair brush pen 43 (find) again. He picked it up and found that it had changed and was now soft and wet—— holding water. Meng Tian got inspiration at once. He put the rabbit hair brush pen back in the ink and found it worked 44 (beautiful) on silk. This small accident led to the invention of the Chinese writing brush, a tool that would become one of the 45 (important) inventions in ancient Chinese civilization. 四、书面表达(15分) 诸多伟大的想法，往往源自现实中遇到的难题。请选取一则事例，撰文讲述：有人凭借独到的智慧与巧妙的办法，最终攻克难题的经历。文章包含以下内容： ● What was the problem to be solved? ● Who came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem? ● How was the problem solved? ● What influence has this idea had on our lives? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $