Unit 2 单元检测（广州专用）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元高效复习必备（新教材沪教版）

**基本信息** 本单元卷以“Great ideas”为主题，融合鲁班造锯、孔子思想等文化典故与伽利略实验等科学案例，通过分层设题提升语言能力与思维品质，适配初中英语单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|10题/15分|形容词、连词等语法知识|以鲁班发明锯子为情境，考查语法在叙事中的应用| |完形填空|10题/10分|上下文理解与词汇辨析|通过植物生长隐喻“历经困难成伟大”，渗透思维品质| |阅读理解|35题/45分|文化典故（如《庄子》名言）、哲学对比（孔子与苏格拉底）|阅读选择结合中国古代智慧与西方思想，阅读填空探讨《道德经》翻译，项目式情境配对中华典故（如“商鞅立木”），强化文化意识| |语篇填词|5题/5分|科学词汇（如astronomer, discovery）|以伽利略望远镜发现为素材，培养信息提取能力| |书面表达|1题/20分|问题解决与创新表达|要求讲述“难题-智慧-解决-影响”完整经历，提升综合语言运用与思维创新能力|

Unit 2 Great ideas 单元检测（广州专用） 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为110分，考试时间为100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题（70分） 一、语法选择（15分） Lu Ban was a famous woodworker during the Spring and Autumn Period. One day, he was given a task which seemed 1 to complete — collect a large amount of wood and build a palace. At the beginning, Lu Ban and his men took their axes to a mountain to cut down tall and thick trees. However, it was very difficult to do that with only axes. After several days of hard work, Lu Ban and his men met a problem. They were really tired, 2 the amount of the wood collected was far from enough to build the palace. Lu Ban became 3 . He tried to think of ways to cut down trees quickly and easily. When he went to a mountain to look for more good wood, he suddenly fell over. Luckily, he 4 out and held on to some grass. 5 the grass hurt his hand, Lu Ban stayed silent because he was already lost in thought. “Why was this grass so sharp?” He thought 6 as he looked at the small cuts on his hand. Lu Ban examined the grass and noticed that its leaves had many little sharp teeth. He used these teeth to make a small cut on his hand, and they easily cut through the skin. An idea came into his mind, “If I make a tool with many small saw-like teeth, wouldn’t we cut down trees much 7 ?” Lu Ban invented a new tool called ju (saw in English) and tried it out. It worked. Soon, all 8 workers learnt to use saws. In the end, they 9 cut down large trees quickly. With the help of the saw, the palace 10 on time. 1. A. difficult B. difficultly C. difficulty D. more difficult 2. A. unless B. but C. or D. however 3. A. worry B. worrying C. worried D. worriedly 4. A. reaches B. reached C. will reach D. was reaching 5. A. If B. Because C. Until D. Although 6. A. care B. caring C. careful D. carefully 7. A. quick B. more quickly C. quicker D. quickly 8. A. the other B. others C. another D. the others 9. A. should B. must C. could D. would 10. A. completed B. was completed C. has completed D. were completed 二、完形填空（10分） One day a little boy asked his father, “What does the word ‘great’ mean? Who are great people and how do they 11 great?” The father thought for a while and asked his son to bring two plants. Then, he told him to plant one of them inside the house and the other outside the house. The boy did as his father said. The father asked his son, “Which one of the two plants do you think will be 12 and bigger?” The boy replied, “The plant inside the house will be stronger, so it will grow bigger, while the plant outside the house is not safe at all. No one will be there to 13 it. It may be eaten by animals.” The father smiled and said, “Let’s wait 14 . We will know the answer.” Then the boy left for his studies and after four years, he came back to his house. He said to his father, “Look, nothing 15 to this plant inside the house and it is safe.” When the boy went outside, he was very 16 to see a big tree. The boy couldn’t believe his eyes. He couldn’t 17 how the plant outside was able to grow much bigger than the plant inside the house. “The plant standing outside the house faced four seasons and many difficulties!” The father 18 to his son why the plant outside was bigger. “The plant inside was safe, it didn’t face weather changes, and it didn’t get 19 sunlight, so it didn’t become big.” Here is the answer to the question about being great: To become a great person, one must have failed many times, 20 many difficulties and overcome those difficulties. After that, he or she is able to become great. 11. A. choose B. become C. find D. save 12. A. stronger B. straighter C. nicer D. greener 13. A. look after B. come across C. take away D. cut down 14. A. seriously B. carefully C. actively D. patiently 15. A. shows B. happens C. turns D. gains 16. A. excited B. satisfied C. pleased D. surprised 17. A. realize B. understand C. consider D. accept 18. A. smiled B. turned C. explained D. cried 19. A. enough B. correct C. active D. heavy 20. A. started B. noticed C. experienced D. followed 三、阅读理解（45分） 第一节、阅读选择（30分） A Come and share your favorite saying from ancient China! “In difficult times, one focuses on self-development; after achieving success, one brings it to all.” Since ancient times, many have taken it as their philosophy (哲学) of life. Tang poet Li Bai, for example, achieved great success with his poems and hoped to serve the country through a government job. Though he was not valued by the emperor, his life still reflected Mengzi’s words. (Tam) “Time flies by like a quick look of a white horse running past a crack (缝隙) in a wall.” The saying comes from the book Zhuangzi. In this book, it is said that Kongzi came to Laozi to ask about the ultimate (终极的) truth of the world. Laozi replied that a person’s life was like a quick look of a white horse running past a crack in a wall. To me, this saying reminds me of the importance of time. (Li Xin) “ ▲ ”My favorite saying means that to do too much of something is as bad as not to do enough. I read it in a story about a carpenter (木匠). To show his skill, he once made the table legs too thin, and another time too thick, but neither succeeded. Only after his master’s guidance did he understand this truth. I learned it the hard way, too. Once I wanted to lose a few kilos for a big party, so I didn’t eat enough and exercised all the time. In the end, I got really sick and couldn’t get up! (Cindy) 21. Which writing skill is used in Part 1? A. Listing numbers. B. Raising questions. C. Giving examples. D. Comparing facts. 22. What is Cindy’s favourite saying? A. To go too far is as bad as to fall short. B. A gentleman is not a tool used for a special purpose. C. What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others. D. When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers. 23. In which part of the online newspaper can we read the material? A. YOUR WORDS. B. TECH TALK. C. ANIMAL WORLD. D. SCHOOL TIME. B Confucius once heard two of his students arguing. One was gentle and peaceful. The other was smart and kind but had a quick temper. If he wished to do a thing, he did it. If anyone tried to stop him, he would show sudden and terrible anger. One day, after another argument, blood came from his mouth. In great fear, he went to Confucius. “What shall I do with my body?” he asked, “I fear I shall not live long. It may be better that I no longer study and work. You love me as a father. Tell me what to do for my body.” Confucius answered, “Tsze-Lu, you are wrong about your body. It is not the study, nor the work in school, but your great anger that causes the trouble.” “When you and Nou-Wui argued, he was at peace and happy again in a short time but it took you too long to get over your anger. Also, you get angry with others too easily. If you don’t use more self-control, you can’t expect to live long. Now tell me how many teeth you have.” “Thirty-two.” “How many tongues (舌头)?” “Just one.” “How many teeth have you lost?” “I lost one when I was nine years old, and four when I was about twenty-six years old.” “And your tongue—is it still perfect?” “Oh, yes.” “You know Mun-Gun, who is quite old?” “Yes, I know him well.” “How many teeth do you think he had at your age?” “I do not know.” “How many does he have now?” “Two, I think. But his tongue is perfect, though he is very old.” “You see the teeth are lost because they are strong, and keep going after everything they want. They are hard and hurt the tongue many times. The tongue is peaceful and gentle with the teeth. It never grows angry and fights them. Yet, it is always there until the end. And so it is with man. The strongest to fight, is the first to fail; and you, Tsze-Lu, will be even so if you don’t learn the great lesson of self-control.” 24. According to the passage, who of the following got angry easily? A. Confucius. B. Tsze-Lu. C. Nou-Wui. D. Mun-Gun. 25. Why did Tsze-Lu go to Confucius for help? A. He always argued with others. B. Others students didn’t like him. C. He was worried about his health. D. He was afraid he couldn’t study any more. 26. From this story, which of the following best describe Confucius? A. Gentle and hard-working. B. Confident and good at learning. C. Serious and easy-going. D. Patient and skillful in teaching. 27. What lesson can we learn from this story? A. We should never argue with others. B. Gentle people live longer than strong people. C. We should control ourselves and never stay angry for long. D. Always protect our teeth because they could be easily lost. C There are many differences in ways of thinking between East and West. Many of them are reflected in daily behaviour. In particular, Chinese people sometimes attach more importance to their appearance and social status than to their inner qualities, while Westerners think the opposite. However, Socrates (Ancient Greek philosopher) and Confucius share significant similarities that are universal. Both philosophers share several teachings in common; for example, their understanding of the nature of knowledge and their opinions on education. Socrates believed “There is only one good, knowledge;and only one evil, ignorance.” Similarly, Confucius said, “Isn’t it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned?” But both also acknowledge the limits of knowledge. Socrates said: “All I know is that I know nothing.” Similarly, Confucius said, “When you know a thing, to hold you know it; when you don’t know a thing, to allow you don’t know it-this is knowledge.” However, there are important differences in their understanding of morality. Confucius believed each person should follow certain regulations according to virtue(德行). Everyone should play their role in a society where people are interdependent in order to achieve harmony in the whole society. For instance, when asked how to govern a country, Confucius stated “An emperor should act like an emperor, a subject should act like a subject.” Socrates, however, places self-knowledge over social knowledge. Another difference between them is their attitude towards political domination(支配). Confucius believed the best way to govern a country isn’t through legal system, but through virtue. Socrates, by contrast, declared that “nothing is more important than justice”. Why have East and West developed such different cultural values? A widely accepted theory holds that Eastern civilization was an agricultural civilization. Hence the need for a collective society and friendly relations with neighbors was strong. Western civilization, however, was nomadic(游牧的). Their mobility makes them less dependent on society after migration. In spite of their differences, the two cultures have more in common than differences. The shared concern for moral values in the teachings of Socrates and Confucius also shows us more fundamental similarities between Eastern and Western cultures in their pursuit of virtuous lives. 28. What do the two philosophers share about knowledge? A. The learning of knowledge is easy. B. The learning of knowledge is endless. C. A man without knowledge is foolish. D. A man shall not pretend to understand. 29. Which of the following reflects the thoughts of Confucius in terms of morality? A. Nothing is more important than a legal system. B. I am not a Chinese, but a citizen of the world. C. Not everyone should play his own role in society. D. A man does what is proper to the position he is in. 30. What is the root cause of the differences between Eastern and Western cultural values? A. The difference in political atmosphere. B. The difference in the length of history. C. The difference in economic development. D. The difference in levels of social dependency. 31. What is the passage mainly about? A. Reasons for similarities of Eastern and Western cultures. B. The introduction of great figures of two different cultures. C. Comparisons of the thoughts of the two great philosophers. D. The contributions of two great philosophers to civilization. D How do people think differently? This has always been unusual. To search an answer, a scientist named J. P. Guilford started a famous study of creativity in the 1970s, known as the nine-dot puzzle (九点谜题). He asked the participants (参与者) to connect all nine dots using only four straight lines, without lifting their pencils from the page. All the participants looked for solutions within the square they imagined. Only 20 percent managed to break out of the square and continue their lines in the white space around the dots, while the rest of them were blinded by the boundaries (边界) of the square. The results of Guilford’s study led him to a conclusion: creativity needs you to go outside the box. The idea was widely spread soon. Overnight, it seemed that creativity experts everywhere were teaching managers how to think outside the box. The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts. No one, that is, before two different research teams— Clarke Burmham with Kenneth Davis, and Joseph Alba with Robert Weisberg—did another experiment. To make sure that Guilford’s study is correct, both teams divided participants into two groups. The first group was given the same instructions as the participants in Guilford’s experiment. The second group was told to draw the lines outside the imagined box. Guess what? Only a little more than 20 percent solved the puzzle, which is no big difference from the result of Guilford’s experiment. Let’s look a little more closely at the surprising result. Solving this problem requires people to think outside the box. However, direct and clear instructions to “think outside the box” do not help participants improve their performance. The widely spread idea that out-of-the-box thinking makes people more creative can, in some way, be dangerous. After all, with one simple but brilliant experiment, researchers had proved that the connection between thinking outside the box and creativity was a misunderstanding. 32. The nine-dot puzzle study is mainly focused on ________. A. how people do things in real life B. what people see in the experiment C. how people think in different ways D. what knowledge people have learned 33. Why did the two research teams do the following experiment? A. To discover the main idea of Guiford’s study. B. To show different views against Guiford’s study. C. To collect supporting details for Guiford’s study. D. To double-check the correctness of Guiford’s study. 34. From the passage, we can learn that _________. A. boundaries sometimes make people think less creatively B. clear instructions influence how people solve problems C. few people performed better with the clear instructions D. the methods of nine-dot puzzle study need to be improved 35. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Puzzle Solving: A Key To Creativity B. Nine-Dot Puzzle: A Magic Test C. Thinking Outside the Box: A Misleading Idea D. Creative Thinking: An Unusual Topic 第二节、阅读填空（5分） The “Dao De Jing”, a key Daoist text, is believed to have been written by Laozi in the 6th century B. C. It starts with the idea that the true meaning of Dao (the way) is beyond words. The book, filled with mysteries and counterintuitive(违反常理的) ideas, is complex and hard to translate. 36 Despite this, it is one of the most translated books after the Bible, with numerous English versions. Over time, various scholars and translators have approached the text from different perspectives, leading to multiple interpretations. Recently, three new translations have come out. 37 In contrast, translators like poets Li-Young Lee, Yun Wang, and scholar J. H. Huang believe it was written by one person. These translations have very different meanings. Lee and Wang’s version focuses on improving oneself, while Ziporyn’s translation sees the text as supporting strict rule, emphasizing social order. Huang’s version, on the other side, stresses the importance of removing rewards to achieve peace. 38 39 Huang’s version is clear and comprehensive, supported by detailed explanations. Lee and Wang’s translation may appeal to those seeking deeper meanings. Ziporyn’s research-based translation encourages exploring multiple meanings. In a word, different translations offer various perspectives on the text’s meaning. 40 Thus, it can be understood in many ways depending on the reader’s viewpoint. A. This stresses the flexibility of “Dao De Jing”. B. Each translation has its special charm and value. C. It is a challenging text to translate into English. D. It explores themes like water wearing away rock. E. Professor Ziporyn views it as a collection of ideas. F. These different translations reflect the depth of the text. G. The book’s double meaning and character changes add translation challenges. 第三节、项目式情境（10分） 配对阅读。左栏是五个人的人物介绍，右栏是七个中华典故及要传达的精神和智慧，请为每一个人选择一个合适的典故描述他/她的情况，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 41 David is the manager of a company. He always keeps his promises so that he has many good friends and the workers in his company all believe him. 42 Li Xiang is good at running and he says he will be very happy if he wins the prize for his class in the sports meeting.  He is sure to do it well. 43 Stephen is a smart and helpful boy. He always thinks of good ideas in a clever way when others are in trouble. 44 Jane is a hard-working girl. When she meets some difficult math problems, she never gives up. 45 Sam is a lazy man. He is out of job and he stays at home all day. He hopes someone can come and help him. A. Sima Guang breaks the water vat: It tells us not to be afraid if we meet something difficult or dangerous. We should be calm and try to think about the problem in a good way.   B. Friendship between Yu Boya and Zhong Ziaj: The story describes the deep friendship between friends. Friends should understand each other and share the same interest. C. Yugong moved the mountain: It tells us we should always believe ourselves. Work hard and one day we can work out the problem and become the winner. D. Shang Yang Builds Trust: If a man wants others to believe him, he should always keep his words. E. Waiting for a Hare(兔子): It tells us that we shouldn’t wait for good things. We should try our best to work for our bright future. F. Mao Sui Recommends Himself: It tells us we should always be confident of ourselves. We should help others when they are in need and show everyone that you can do it to help them out. G. Mencius’ mother moves three times: It tells us the environment is important for children. People can grow up better when they are with some wise and kind persons. 第2卷 非选择题（共40分） 第一节、语篇填词（5分）Around 500 years ago, there were many geniuses around the world. They worked all their lives to find out the secrets of nature. At that time, Galileo Galilei, a famous astronomer, was one of these great m 46 , and he discovered many things in his life. In 1609, Galileo heard about a new invention called the telescope, so he built one to look at the universe. When he looked at the Moon, he found mountains and craters (坑). People at that time c 47 the Moon to be a round ball and had no idea there were mountains on it, so many people didn’t b 48 him. Galileo liked observing (观察) things in life and finding out the t 49 . One day, he dropped two round balls off the Leaning Tower of Pisa in front of a large audience. One ball was very heavy, and the other was light. Both balls hit the ground at exactly the same time. In this way, Galileo discovered that everything falls at the same speed. This was another great a 50 of his. 第二节、回答问题（5小题，每小题2分，共10分） Curiosity is like a spark that lights up our desire to explore the unknown. In today’s fast-changing world, it’s more important than ever. From the latest AI technologies to space exploration, human curiosity drives innovation and progress. Take Elon Musk, for example. His curiosity about sustainable energy led to the creation of Tesla and SpaceX. He once said, “I want to understand why things are the way they are.” This mindset pushed him to revolutionize electric cars and rocket science. Similarly, young students around the world are using their curiosity to solve real-world problems. A 15-year-old girl in India invented a low-cost water purifier after seeing her community struggle with clean water. Her curiosity turned into a solution that now helps thousands. But curiosity isn’t just for scientists. It’s about asking questions and seeking answers. When you wonder how a smartphone works or why leaves change color, you’re using curiosity. Schools are now encouraging students to explore through projects like coding robots or growing plants. These activities help develop critical thinking and creativity. However, curiosity needs courage. Sometimes, the answers aren’t easy. Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. He saw failure as a step forward, not a stop. This attitude is key: never stop wondering, even when things get tough. As we face challenges like climate change, curiosity will guide us to new solutions. Whether it’s finding renewable energy or curing diseases, the next big idea might start with a simple question. So keep asking, “Why?” and let your curiosity lead the way. The future belongs to those who dare to wonder. 51. Who is Elon Musk and what did his curiosity lead to? 52. What problem did the 15-year-old girl in India solve, and how? 53. How do schools encourage students to explore according to the passage? 54. What challenges can curiosity help us face according to the passage? 55. What is the author’s advice about curiosity in the passage? 第三节、语法填空（5分） Today, I finished reading Pillars of the Nation (《国之脊梁》) , a book that tells the inspiring stories of China’s greatest scientists. Written by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it 56 (record) the lives and achievements of people who made great contributions to our country. The book introduces great people such as Li Siguang, a geologist who helped China discover its own oil resources, and Qian Sanqiang, “the father of China’s atomic energy program”. These scientists faced many difficulties. Some gave up their comfortable life abroad and returned to work for our homeland. Others changed their research directions 57 (complete) when our nation needed them. Modern China is filled 58 their contributions and patriotism (爱国精神). The stories of these wise people moved me deeply. Despite difficult conditions, these scientists worked tirelessly, lighting the way with their ideals and braveness. Though many of these great minds have passed away, their stories live on. If they could see China’s progress today, 59 proud they would be! As a Chinese student, I should learn from these great people. Their stories inspire me to study harder and contribute to China’s future. I believe that with knowledge and perseverance, the great rejuvenation (复兴) of the Chinese nation will 60 (achieve)! I give full stars to the book and recommend it sincerely! 第四节、书面表达（20分） 诸多伟大的想法，往往源自现实中遇到的难题。请选取一则事例，撰文讲述：有人凭借独到的智慧与巧妙的办法，最终攻克难题的经历。文章包含以下内容： ● What was the problem to be solved? ● Who came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem? ● How was the problem solved? ● What influence has this idea had on our lives? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Great ideas 单元检测（广州专用） 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为110分，考试时间为100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题（70分） 一、语法选择（15分） Lu Ban was a famous woodworker during the Spring and Autumn Period. One day, he was given a task which seemed 1 to complete — collect a large amount of wood and build a palace. At the beginning, Lu Ban and his men took their axes to a mountain to cut down tall and thick trees. However, it was very difficult to do that with only axes. After several days of hard work, Lu Ban and his men met a problem. They were really tired, 2 the amount of the wood collected was far from enough to build the palace. Lu Ban became 3 . He tried to think of ways to cut down trees quickly and easily. When he went to a mountain to look for more good wood, he suddenly fell over. Luckily, he 4 out and held on to some grass. 5 the grass hurt his hand, Lu Ban stayed silent because he was already lost in thought. “Why was this grass so sharp?” He thought 6 as he looked at the small cuts on his hand. Lu Ban examined the grass and noticed that its leaves had many little sharp teeth. He used these teeth to make a small cut on his hand, and they easily cut through the skin. An idea came into his mind, “If I make a tool with many small saw-like teeth, wouldn’t we cut down trees much 7 ?” Lu Ban invented a new tool called ju (saw in English) and tried it out. It worked. Soon, all 8 workers learnt to use saws. In the end, they 9 cut down large trees quickly. With the help of the saw, the palace 10 on time. 1. A. difficult B. difficultly C. difficulty D. more difficult 2. A. unless B. but C. or D. however 3. A. worry B. worrying C. worried D. worriedly 4. A. reaches B. reached C. will reach D. was reaching 5. A. If B. Because C. Until D. Although 6. A. care B. caring C. careful D. carefully 7. A. quick B. more quickly C. quicker D. quickly 8. A. the other B. others C. another D. the others 9. A. should B. must C. could D. would 10. A. completed B. was completed C. has completed D. were completed 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了春秋时期著名木匠鲁班接受了一项看似难以完成的任务——收集大量木材建造宫殿。过程中鲁班遇到困难，通过观察草叶发明了锯子，最终顺利完成任务的故事。 1. 句意：一天，他接到了一项看似难以完成的任务——收集大量木材并建造一座宫殿。 difficult困难的；difficultly困难地；difficulty困难；more difficult更困难的。根据“seemed”可知，seem后接形容词，且此处无比较含义，所以用difficult。故选A。 2. 句意：他们真的很累，但是收集到的木材数量远远不够建造宫殿。 unless除非；but但是；or或者；however然而。根据“They were really tired”和“the amount of the wood collected was far from enough to build the palace”可知，前后两句是转折关系，且空后无逗号，所以用but。故选B。 3. 句意：鲁班变得很担心。 worry担心（动词原形）；worrying令人担心的；worried担心的；worriedly担心地。根据“became”可知，become后接形容词作表语，且此处修饰人，所以用worried。故选C。 4. 句意：幸运的是，他伸出手抓住了些草。 reaches到达（第三人称单数）；reached到达（过去式）；will reach将到达（将来时）；was reaching正在到达（过去进行时）。根据“Luckily”和“and held on to some grass”可知，此处用一般过去时，所以用reached。故选B。 5. 句意：虽然草割伤了他的手，但鲁班保持沉默，因为他已经陷入了沉思。 If如果；Because因为；Until直到；Although虽然。根据“the grass hurt his hand”和“Lu Ban stayed silent”可知，前后两句是让步关系，所以用Although。故选D。 6. 句意：他仔细地看着手上的小伤口，认真地想着。 care关心（名词/动词）；caring关心的（形容词）；careful小心的（形容词）；carefully认真地（副词）。根据“He thought”可知，此处用副词修饰动词thought，所以用carefully。故选D。 7. 句意：“如果我做一种有许多像小锯子一样的牙齿的工具，我们砍树会不会更快？” quick快的（形容词）；more quickly更快地（副词比较级）；quicker更快的（形容词比较级）；quickly快地（副词原级）。根据“wouldn’t we cut down trees much”可知，此处用副词修饰动词cut，且much后接比较级，所以用more quickly。故选B。 8. 句意：很快，所有其他工人都学会了使用锯子。 the other两者中另一个；others其他的人或物；another三者或三者以上中的另一个；the others剩余的全部。根据“all”和“workers”可知，此处表示“所有其他工人”，空后有workers，此处用the other。故选A。 9. 句意：最后，他们能够快速砍倒大树。 should应该；must必须；could能够；would将会。根据“they ... cut down large trees quickly”可知，此处表示“能够快速砍倒大树”，所以用could。故选C。 10. 句意：在锯子的帮助下，宫殿按时完成了。 completed完成（过去式）；was completed被完成（一般过去时的被动语态）；has completed已经完成（现在完成时）；were completed被完成（一般过去时的被动语态，复数）。根据“the palace”可知，主语是单数，且与complete是被动关系，所以用was completed。故选B。 二、完形填空（10分） One day a little boy asked his father, “What does the word ‘great’ mean? Who are great people and how do they 11 great?” The father thought for a while and asked his son to bring two plants. Then, he told him to plant one of them inside the house and the other outside the house. The boy did as his father said. The father asked his son, “Which one of the two plants do you think will be 12 and bigger?” The boy replied, “The plant inside the house will be stronger, so it will grow bigger, while the plant outside the house is not safe at all. No one will be there to 13 it. It may be eaten by animals.” The father smiled and said, “Let’s wait 14 . We will know the answer.” Then the boy left for his studies and after four years, he came back to his house. He said to his father, “Look, nothing 15 to this plant inside the house and it is safe.” When the boy went outside, he was very 16 to see a big tree. The boy couldn’t believe his eyes. He couldn’t 17 how the plant outside was able to grow much bigger than the plant inside the house. “The plant standing outside the house faced four seasons and many difficulties!” The father 18 to his son why the plant outside was bigger. “The plant inside was safe, it didn’t face weather changes, and it didn’t get 19 sunlight, so it didn’t become big.” Here is the answer to the question about being great: To become a great person, one must have failed many times, 20 many difficulties and overcome those difficulties. After that, he or she is able to become great. 11. A. choose B. become C. find D. save 12. A. stronger B. straighter C. nicer D. greener 13. A. look after B. come across C. take away D. cut down 14. A. seriously B. carefully C. actively D. patiently 15. A. shows B. happens C. turns D. gains 16. A. excited B. satisfied C. pleased D. surprised 17. A. realize B. understand C. consider D. accept 18. A. smiled B. turned C. explained D. cried 19. A. enough B. correct C. active D. heavy 20. A. started B. noticed C. experienced D. followed 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C 【解析】本文是哲理记叙文，父亲通过室内、室外两株植物不同的生长经历，解答孩子“怎样成为伟人”的疑问：人要历经磨难、经受挫折历练才能变得优秀。 11. 句意：伟人是谁，他们如何成为伟人？ 根据“Who are great people and how do they... great?”可知，此处指如何“成为”伟大的人，become great意为“变得伟大、成为伟人”；choose“选择”、find“找到”、save“拯救”均不符合语境。 12. 句意：你认为这两株植物中，哪一株会更强壮、更大？ 根据后文“the plant inside the house will be stronger”以及父亲最终解释室外植物经历风雨才长得更大可知，此处是比较哪一株更“强壮”，stronger符合语境；straighter“更直”、nicer“更漂亮”、greener“更绿”均不符合语境。 13. 句意：没有人会在那里照顾它。 根据“No one will be there to … it. It may be eaten by animals.”可知，没人“照料”植物，它可能被动物吃掉，look after“照顾”符合语境；come across“偶然遇见”、take away“拿走”、cut down“砍倒”均不符合语境。 14. 句意：让我们耐心等待吧。 根据父亲要让儿子观察四年的生长变化可知，此处是建议“耐心地”等待，patiently符合语境；seriously“严肃地”、carefully“仔细地”、actively“积极地”均不符合长期观察的语境。 15. 句意：看，房子里的这株植物什么也没有发生，它很安全。 “nothing happens to...”为常用表达，意为“……没发生什么事”；shows“展示”、turns“转变”、gains“获得”均不符合。 16. 句意：当男孩走到外面时，他非常惊讶地看到一棵大树。 根据后文“The boy couldn’t believe his eyes.”可知，此处是指他感到“惊讶”，surprised符合语境；excited“兴奋的”、satisfied“满意的”、pleased“高兴的”均不符合看到意外景象时的反应。 17. 句意：他无法理解室外的植物怎么能比室内的植物长得大得多。 根据前文“The boy couldn’t believe his eyes.”以及此处描述他的困惑可知，他无法“理解”这一现象；realize“意识到”、consider“考虑”、accept“接受”均不如understand准确。 18. 句意：父亲向儿子解释为什么室外的那株植物更大。 根据“The father … to his son why...”可知，父亲在“解释”原因，explained符合语境；smiled“微笑”、turned“转身”、cried“哭”均不能接why引导的宾语从句表示阐述原因。 19. 句意：屋里的那株植物很安全，它没有经历天气变化，也没有得到充足的阳光，所以它没有长大。 根据“it didn’t become big”可知，原因是阳光不“充足”，enough符合语境；correct“正确的”、active“活跃的”、heavy“沉重的”均不符合。 20. 句意：要成为一个伟大的人，一个人必须失败许多次，经历许多困难，并克服那些困难。 根据“to become a great person”以及后文“overcome those difficulties”可知，此处指“经历”困难，experienced符合语境；started“开始”、noticed“注意”、followed“跟随”均不符合。 三、阅读理解（45分） 第一节、阅读选择（30分） A Come and share your favorite saying from ancient China! “In difficult times, one focuses on self-development; after achieving success, one brings it to all.” Since ancient times, many have taken it as their philosophy (哲学) of life. Tang poet Li Bai, for example, achieved great success with his poems and hoped to serve the country through a government job. Though he was not valued by the emperor, his life still reflected Mengzi’s words. (Tam) “Time flies by like a quick look of a white horse running past a crack (缝隙) in a wall.” The saying comes from the book Zhuangzi. In this book, it is said that Kongzi came to Laozi to ask about the ultimate (终极的) truth of the world. Laozi replied that a person’s life was like a quick look of a white horse running past a crack in a wall. To me, this saying reminds me of the importance of time. (Li Xin) “ ▲ ”My favorite saying means that to do too much of something is as bad as not to do enough. I read it in a story about a carpenter (木匠). To show his skill, he once made the table legs too thin, and another time too thick, but neither succeeded. Only after his master’s guidance did he understand this truth. I learned it the hard way, too. Once I wanted to lose a few kilos for a big party, so I didn’t eat enough and exercised all the time. In the end, I got really sick and couldn’t get up! (Cindy) 21. Which writing skill is used in Part 1? A. Listing numbers. B. Raising questions. C. Giving examples. D. Comparing facts. 22. What is Cindy’s favourite saying? A. To go too far is as bad as to fall short. B. A gentleman is not a tool used for a special purpose. C. What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others. D. When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers. 23. In which part of the online newspaper can we read the material? A. YOUR WORDS. B. TECH TALK. C. ANIMAL WORLD. D. SCHOOL TIME. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 【解析】本文主要写了三位读者各自分享自己最喜欢的中国古代名言，依次介绍了名言的含义、出处，并且结合具体事例讲述了这些古语带给自己的人生感悟。 26. 第一部分引出孟子名言后，用“Tang poet Li Bai, for example…”举出李白的人生经历来印证这句话，是典型举例子（Giving examples）。 27. 第三段中Cindy对最喜欢的名言的解析“My favorite saying means that to do too much of something is as bad as not to do enough.”，完美对应成语“过犹不及”。 28. 文章主题是读者各自分享喜爱的古文名言，属于读者投稿分享类内容，对应板块“YOUR WORDS”。 B Confucius once heard two of his students arguing. One was gentle and peaceful. The other was smart and kind but had a quick temper. If he wished to do a thing, he did it. If anyone tried to stop him, he would show sudden and terrible anger. One day, after another argument, blood came from his mouth. In great fear, he went to Confucius. “What shall I do with my body?” he asked, “I fear I shall not live long. It may be better that I no longer study and work. You love me as a father. Tell me what to do for my body.” Confucius answered, “Tsze-Lu, you are wrong about your body. It is not the study, nor the work in school, but your great anger that causes the trouble.” “When you and Nou-Wui argued, he was at peace and happy again in a short time but it took you too long to get over your anger. Also, you get angry with others too easily. If you don’t use more self-control, you can’t expect to live long. Now tell me how many teeth you have.” “Thirty-two.” “How many tongues (舌头)?” “Just one.” “How many teeth have you lost?” “I lost one when I was nine years old, and four when I was about twenty-six years old.” “And your tongue—is it still perfect?” “Oh, yes.” “You know Mun-Gun, who is quite old?” “Yes, I know him well.” “How many teeth do you think he had at your age?” “I do not know.” “How many does he have now?” “Two, I think. But his tongue is perfect, though he is very old.” “You see the teeth are lost because they are strong, and keep going after everything they want. They are hard and hurt the tongue many times. The tongue is peaceful and gentle with the teeth. It never grows angry and fights them. Yet, it is always there until the end. And so it is with man. The strongest to fight, is the first to fail; and you, Tsze-Lu, will be even so if you don’t learn the great lesson of self-control.” 24. According to the passage, who of the following got angry easily? A. Confucius. B. Tsze-Lu. C. Nou-Wui. D. Mun-Gun. 25. Why did Tsze-Lu go to Confucius for help? A. He always argued with others. B. Others students didn’t like him. C. He was worried about his health. D. He was afraid he couldn’t study any more. 26. From this story, which of the following best describe Confucius? A. Gentle and hard-working. B. Confident and good at learning. C. Serious and easy-going. D. Patient and skillful in teaching. 27. What lesson can we learn from this story? A. We should never argue with others. B. Gentle people live longer than strong people. C. We should control ourselves and never stay angry for long. D. Always protect our teeth because they could be easily lost. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C 【解析】本文讲述了孔子的一则寓言故事，通过学生子路容易生气的性格，孔子用舌头和牙齿的比喻来教导他要学会自我控制和克制情绪，以免因愤怒伤害自己。 24. 细节理解题。根据“Tsze-Lu, you are wrong about your body. It is not the study, nor the work in school, but your great anger that causes the trouble.”可知，子路是那个容易生气的人。故选B。 25. 细节理解题。根据“I fear I shall not live long. It may be better that I no longer study and work. You love me as a father. Tell me what to do for my body.” 可知，子路是因为担心自己的健康问题去找孔子。故选C。 26. 推理判断题。根据“You see the teeth are lost because they are strong, and keep going after everything they want. They are hard and hurt the tongue many times. The tongue is peaceful and gentle with the teeth. It never grows angry and fights them. Yet, it is always there until the end.”可知，孔子耐心地引导子路并且用生动的比喻进行教育，因此他是耐心且教学娴熟的，故选D。 27. 主旨大意题。根据“And so it is with man. The strongest to fight, is the first to fail; and you, Tsze-Lu, will be even so if you don’t learn the great lesson of self-control.”可知，从故事中可以学到的教训是，我们应该控制自己的情绪，不要长久地生气。故选C。 C There are many differences in ways of thinking between East and West. Many of them are reflected in daily behaviour. In particular, Chinese people sometimes attach more importance to their appearance and social status than to their inner qualities, while Westerners think the opposite. However, Socrates (Ancient Greek philosopher) and Confucius share significant similarities that are universal. Both philosophers share several teachings in common; for example, their understanding of the nature of knowledge and their opinions on education. Socrates believed “There is only one good, knowledge;and only one evil, ignorance.” Similarly, Confucius said, “Isn’t it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned?” But both also acknowledge the limits of knowledge. Socrates said: “All I know is that I know nothing.” Similarly, Confucius said, “When you know a thing, to hold you know it; when you don’t know a thing, to allow you don’t know it-this is knowledge.” However, there are important differences in their understanding of morality. Confucius believed each person should follow certain regulations according to virtue(德行). Everyone should play their role in a society where people are interdependent in order to achieve harmony in the whole society. For instance, when asked how to govern a country, Confucius stated “An emperor should act like an emperor, a subject should act like a subject.” Socrates, however, places self-knowledge over social knowledge. Another difference between them is their attitude towards political domination(支配). Confucius believed the best way to govern a country isn’t through legal system, but through virtue. Socrates, by contrast, declared that “nothing is more important than justice”. Why have East and West developed such different cultural values? A widely accepted theory holds that Eastern civilization was an agricultural civilization. Hence the need for a collective society and friendly relations with neighbors was strong. Western civilization, however, was nomadic(游牧的). Their mobility makes them less dependent on society after migration. In spite of their differences, the two cultures have more in common than differences. The shared concern for moral values in the teachings of Socrates and Confucius also shows us more fundamental similarities between Eastern and Western cultures in their pursuit of virtuous lives. 28. What do the two philosophers share about knowledge? A. The learning of knowledge is easy. B. The learning of knowledge is endless. C. A man without knowledge is foolish. D. A man shall not pretend to understand. 29. Which of the following reflects the thoughts of Confucius in terms of morality? A. Nothing is more important than a legal system. B. I am not a Chinese, but a citizen of the world. C. Not everyone should play his own role in society. D. A man does what is proper to the position he is in. 30. What is the root cause of the differences between Eastern and Western cultural values? A. The difference in political atmosphere. B. The difference in the length of history. C. The difference in economic development. D. The difference in levels of social dependency. 31. What is the passage mainly about? A. Reasons for similarities of Eastern and Western cultures. B. The introduction of great figures of two different cultures. C. Comparisons of the thoughts of the two great philosophers. D. The contributions of two great philosophers to civilization. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文本主要在对比东西方两位哲学家思想的不同与共同之处。 28. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“But both also acknowledge the limits of knowledge. Socrates said: “All I know is that I know nothing.” Similarly, Confucius said, “When you know a thing, to hold you know it; when you don’t know a thing, to allow you don’t know it-this is knowledge.”(但两者也都承认知识的局限性。苏格拉底说:“我所知道的就是我一无所知。”孔子也说过：“知其事，持其事；当你不知道一件事的时候，允许你不知道它——这就是知识。”)”可知，两个哲学家认为知识的学习是无止境的。故选B。 29. 推理判断题。从第三段的“Everyone should play their role in a society where people are interdependent in order to achieve harmony in the whole society. For instance, when asked how to govern a country, Confucius stated “An emperor should act like an emperor, a subject should act like a subject.”(每个人都应该在人与人相互依存的社会中发挥自己的作用，以实现整个社会的和谐。例如，当被问及如何治理一个国家时，孔子说:“皇帝应该像皇帝一样，臣民应该像臣民一样。”)”可知，孔子的思想即“君君臣臣，父父子子”，每个人根据自己所处的位置扮演好自己的角色。D项“A man does what is proper to the position he is in.(一个人会做与他所处的地位相称的事。)”合乎题意。故选D。 30. 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Why have East and West developed such different cultural values? A widely accepted theory holds that Eastern civilization was an agricultural civilization. Hence the need for a collective society and friendly relations with neighbors was strong. Western civilization, however, was nomadic(游牧的). Their mobility makes them less dependent on society after migration.(为什么东西方发展出如此不同的文化价值观?一个广为接受的理论认为东方文明是一种农业文明。因此，建立集体社会和与邻国建立友好关系的必要性非常强烈。然而，西方文明是游牧文明。他们的流动性使他们在移民后对社会的依赖程度降低。)”可知，东西方价值观的差异最本质的原因是社会依赖程度的不同。故选D。 31. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“There are many differences in ways of thinking between East and West. Many of them are reflected in daily behaviour.(东西方在思维方式上有许多不同之处。其中许多都反映在日常行为中)”以及文章的最后一段“In spite of their differences, the two cultures have more in common than differences. The shared concern for moral values in the teachings of Socrates and Confucius also shows us more fundamental similarities between Eastern and Western cultures in their pursuit of virtuous lives.(尽管存在差异，但这两种文化的共同点多于不同点。苏格拉底和孔子的教义中对道德价值的共同关注也向我们展示了东西方文化在追求美德生活方面的更多基本相似之处。)”以及全文可知，文本主要在对比东西方两位哲学家思想的不同与共同之处。故选C。 D How do people think differently? This has always been unusual. To search an answer, a scientist named J. P. Guilford started a famous study of creativity in the 1970s, known as the nine-dot puzzle (九点谜题). He asked the participants (参与者) to connect all nine dots using only four straight lines, without lifting their pencils from the page. All the participants looked for solutions within the square they imagined. Only 20 percent managed to break out of the square and continue their lines in the white space around the dots, while the rest of them were blinded by the boundaries (边界) of the square. The results of Guilford’s study led him to a conclusion: creativity needs you to go outside the box. The idea was widely spread soon. Overnight, it seemed that creativity experts everywhere were teaching managers how to think outside the box. The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts. No one, that is, before two different research teams— Clarke Burmham with Kenneth Davis, and Joseph Alba with Robert Weisberg—did another experiment. To make sure that Guilford’s study is correct, both teams divided participants into two groups. The first group was given the same instructions as the participants in Guilford’s experiment. The second group was told to draw the lines outside the imagined box. Guess what? Only a little more than 20 percent solved the puzzle, which is no big difference from the result of Guilford’s experiment. Let’s look a little more closely at the surprising result. Solving this problem requires people to think outside the box. However, direct and clear instructions to “think outside the box” do not help participants improve their performance. The widely spread idea that out-of-the-box thinking makes people more creative can, in some way, be dangerous. After all, with one simple but brilliant experiment, researchers had proved that the connection between thinking outside the box and creativity was a misunderstanding. 32. The nine-dot puzzle study is mainly focused on ________. A. how people do things in real life B. what people see in the experiment C. how people think in different ways D. what knowledge people have learned 33. Why did the two research teams do the following experiment? A. To discover the main idea of Guiford’s study. B. To show different views against Guiford’s study. C. To collect supporting details for Guiford’s study. D. To double-check the correctness of Guiford’s study. 34. From the passage, we can learn that _________. A. boundaries sometimes make people think less creatively B. clear instructions influence how people solve problems C. few people performed better with the clear instructions D. the methods of nine-dot puzzle study need to be improved 35. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Puzzle Solving: A Key To Creativity B. Nine-Dot Puzzle: A Magic Test C. Thinking Outside the Box: A Misleading Idea D. Creative Thinking: An Unusual Topic 【答案】32. C 33. D 34. C 35. C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了20世纪70年代，一位名叫J. P. Guilford的心理学家进行了一项著名的关于创造力的研究，名为“九点谜题”，这让Guilford得出了一个笼统的结论：创造力需要你跳出框框。但是后来有人通过研究证明这个结论是一个误导。 32. 细节理解题。根据“How do people think differently? This has always been unusual. To search an answer, a scientist named J. P. Guilford started a famous study of creativity in the 1970s, known as the nine-dot puzzle (九点谜题).”可知，“九点谜题”这项研究主要关注的是人们是如何用不同的方法思考的，故选C。 33. 细节理解题。根据“To make sure that Guilford’s study is correct, both teams divided participants into two groups.”可知，这两支研究队做实验的目的是为了再次验证Guiford研究的正确性，故选D。 34. 推理判断题。根据“The second group was told to draw the lines outside the imagined box. Guess what? Only a little more than 20 percent solved the puzzle, which is no big difference from the result of Guilford’s experiment.”可知，就算有明确的指示，第二队也只有20%多一点点的人解决了这个谜题，换句话说，即使有明确的指示也几乎没有人做的更好，故选C。 35. 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了20世纪70年代，一位名叫J. P. Guilford的心理学家进行了一项著名的关于创造力的研究，名为“九点谜题”，这让Guilford得出了一个笼统的结论：创造力需要你跳出框框。但是后来有人通过研究证明这个结论是一个误导。所以选项C“跳出思维定势：一个误导性的想法”是最好的标题，故选C。 第二节、阅读填空（5分） The “Dao De Jing”, a key Daoist text, is believed to have been written by Laozi in the 6th century B. C. It starts with the idea that the true meaning of Dao (the way) is beyond words. The book, filled with mysteries and counterintuitive(违反常理的) ideas, is complex and hard to translate. 36 Despite this, it is one of the most translated books after the Bible, with numerous English versions. Over time, various scholars and translators have approached the text from different perspectives, leading to multiple interpretations. Recently, three new translations have come out. 37 In contrast, translators like poets Li-Young Lee, Yun Wang, and scholar J. H. Huang believe it was written by one person. These translations have very different meanings. Lee and Wang’s version focuses on improving oneself, while Ziporyn’s translation sees the text as supporting strict rule, emphasizing social order. Huang’s version, on the other side, stresses the importance of removing rewards to achieve peace. 38 39 Huang’s version is clear and comprehensive, supported by detailed explanations. Lee and Wang’s translation may appeal to those seeking deeper meanings. Ziporyn’s research-based translation encourages exploring multiple meanings. In a word, different translations offer various perspectives on the text’s meaning. 40 Thus, it can be understood in many ways depending on the reader’s viewpoint. A. This stresses the flexibility of “Dao De Jing”. B. Each translation has its special charm and value. C. It is a challenging text to translate into English. D. It explores themes like water wearing away rock. E. Professor Ziporyn views it as a collection of ideas. F. These different translations reflect the depth of the text. G. The book’s double meaning and character changes add translation challenges. 【答案】36. G 37. E 38. F 39. B 40. A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了《道德经》是一部难以翻译的道家经典著作，不同的译者从不同的角度对其进行翻译，这些不同的翻译反映了文本的深度，也体现了《道德经》含义的灵活性。 36. 根据上文“The book, filled with mysteries and counterintuitive(违反常理的) ideas, is complex and hard to translate.(这本书充满了神秘和违反常理的思想，复杂且难以翻译)”可知，上文说的是这本书的翻译难度大，可推理出下文进一步解释说明这本书难翻译的具体原因，G项“The book’s double meaning and character changes add translation challenges(这本书的双重含义和文字变化增加了翻译的难度)”表达的含义符合语境，故选G项。 37. 根据下文“In contrast, translators like poets Li - Young Lee, Yun Wang, and scholar J. H. Huang believe it was written by one person(相反，像诗人李立扬、王云以及学者J. H. 黄等人认为它是由一个人所写)”可知，此处是在对比不同译者的观点，再根据“In contrast(对比之下)”可知，上文表达的内容与之形成对比，E项“Professor Ziporyn views it as a collection of ideas.(齐波林教授将其视为一系列思想的集合)”表达的含义符合语境，故选E项。 38. 根据上文“These translations have very different meanings. Lee and Wang’s version focuses on improving oneself, while Ziporyn’s translation sees the text as supporting strict rule, emphasizing social order. Huang’s version, on the other side, stresses the importance of removing rewards to achieve peace(这些翻译有非常不同的含义。李和王的版本侧重于自我提升，而齐波林的翻译将文本视为支持严格的规则，强调社会秩序。另一方面，黄的版本强调去除奖励以实现和平的重要性)”可知，上文说的是不同的翻译版本的特点，但尚未对这些特点进行总结，可推理出下文将对这些特点进行总结，F项“These different translations reflect the depth of the text.(这些不同的翻译反映了文本的深度)”表达的含义符合语境，故选F项。 39. 根据下文“Huang’s version is clear and comprehensive, supported by detailed explanations. Lee and Wang’s translation may appeal to those seeking deeper meanings. Ziporyn’s research - based translation encourages exploring multiple meanings.(黄的版本清晰全面，有详细的解释支持。李和王的翻译可能会吸引那些寻求更深层次意义的人。齐波林基于研究的翻译鼓励探索多种意义)”可知，下文说的是不同的人的翻译的特点，可推理出空白处应对这些不同的特点进行概括，B项“Each translation has its special charm and value.(每个翻译都有其独特的魅力和价值)”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。 40. 根据上文“In a word, different translations offer various perspectives on the text’s meaning.(总之，不同的翻译对文本的意义提供了不同的视角)”以及下文“Thus, it can be understood in many ways depending on the reader’s viewpoint(因此，根据读者的观点，它可以有多种理解方式)”可知，空白处应承上启下，既总结上文不同翻译提供不同视角，又引出下文根据读者观点有多种理解方式，A项“This stresses the flexibility of “Dao De Jing”.(这强调了《道德经》的灵活性)”表达的含义符合语境，故选A项。 第三节、项目式情境（10分） 配对阅读。左栏是五个人的人物介绍，右栏是七个中华典故及要传达的精神和智慧，请为每一个人选择一个合适的典故描述他/她的情况，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 41 David is the manager of a company. He always keeps his promises so that he has many good friends and the workers in his company all believe him. 42 Li Xiang is good at running and he says he will be very happy if he wins the prize for his class in the sports meeting.  He is sure to do it well. 43 Stephen is a smart and helpful boy. He always thinks of good ideas in a clever way when others are in trouble. 44 Jane is a hard-working girl. When she meets some difficult math problems, she never gives up. 45 Sam is a lazy man. He is out of job and he stays at home all day. He hopes someone can come and help him. A. Sima Guang breaks the water vat: It tells us not to be afraid if we meet something difficult or dangerous. We should be calm and try to think about the problem in a good way.   B. Friendship between Yu Boya and Zhong Ziaj: The story describes the deep friendship between friends. Friends should understand each other and share the same interest. C. Yugong moved the mountain: It tells us we should always believe ourselves. Work hard and one day we can work out the problem and become the winner. D. Shang Yang Builds Trust: If a man wants others to believe him, he should always keep his words. E. Waiting for a Hare(兔子): It tells us that we shouldn’t wait for good things. We should try our best to work for our bright future. F. Mao Sui Recommends Himself: It tells us we should always be confident of ourselves. We should help others when they are in need and show everyone that you can do it to help them out. G. Mencius’ mother moves three times: It tells us the environment is important for children. People can grow up better when they are with some wise and kind persons. 【答案】41. D 42. F 43. A 44. C 45. E 【解析】将右栏中华典故及要传达的精神和智慧与左栏相匹配。 41. 根据“He always keeps his promises so that he has many good friends and the workers in his company all believe him”可知，他总是遵守承诺，D选项“商鞅建立信任：如果一个人想要别人相信他，他就应该遵守诺言”与之匹配，故选D。 42. 根据“he says he will be very happy if he wins the prize for his class in the sports meeting. He is sure to do it well.”可知，他对自己很有自信，相信自己能做好这件事，F选项“毛遂自荐：它告诉我们要始终对自己有信心。我们应该在别人需要帮助的时候帮助他们，让每个人都知道你可以帮助他们”与之匹配，故选F。 43. 根据“He always thinks of good ideas in a clever way when others are in trouble”可知，总是在其他人有困难时想出好主意，A选项“司马光砸缸：它告诉我们不要害怕，如果我们遇到困难或危险。我们应该冷静下来，试着从好的方面考虑这个问题”与之匹配，故选A。 44. 根据“When she meets some difficult math problems, she never gives up”可知，遇到难题从不放弃，C选项“愚公移山：它告诉我们，我们应该永远相信自己。努力工作，总有一天我们可以解决问题，成为赢家”与之匹配，故选C。 45. 根据“He is out of job and he stays at home all day. He hopes someone can come and help him”可知，他总是希望有人能来帮助他，E选项“守株待兔：它告诉我们，我们不应该等待好的事情。我们应该尽力为我们光明的未来而工作”与之匹配，故选E。 第2卷 非选择题（共40分） 第一节、语篇填词（5分） Around 500 years ago, there were many geniuses around the world. They worked all their lives to find out the secrets of nature. At that time, Galileo Galilei, a famous astronomer, was one of these great m 46 , and he discovered many things in his life. In 1609, Galileo heard about a new invention called the telescope, so he built one to look at the universe. When he looked at the Moon, he found mountains and craters (坑). People at that time c 47 the Moon to be a round ball and had no idea there were mountains on it, so many people didn’t b 48 him. Galileo liked observing (观察) things in life and finding out the t 49 . One day, he dropped two round balls off the Leaning Tower of Pisa in front of a large audience. One ball was very heavy, and the other was light. Both balls hit the ground at exactly the same time. In this way, Galileo discovered that everything falls at the same speed. This was another great a 50 of his. 【答案】46. men/en/minds/inds 47. considered/onsidered 48. believe/elieve 49. truth/ruth 50. achievement/chievement 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了大约500年前，著名天文学家伽利略·伽利莱的事迹，包括他自己制作望远镜观察宇宙、发现月球上的山脉和坑，以及通过比萨斜塔实验发现物体下落速度相同等伟大成就。 【详解】46. 句意：那时，著名天文学家伽利略·伽利莱就是这些伟人之一，他一生中发现了许多事物。根据“At that time, Galileo Galilei, a famous astronomer, was one of these great...”和首字母m可推知，此处指伽利略是这些伟人之一。great man/mind“伟人”，one of后加名词复数men/minds。故填men/minds。 47. 句意：当时的人们认为月亮是一个圆球，不知道上面有山，所以很多人不相信他。根据“People at that time...the Moon to be a round ball”和首字母c可推知，此处指当时的人们认为月亮是一个圆球，consider...to be...表示“认为……是……”，根据“at that time”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填considered。 48. 句意：当时的人们认为月亮是一个圆球，不知道上面有山，所以很多人不相信他。根据“so many people didn’t...him.”和首字母b可推知，此处指很多人不相信他，believe表示“相信”，didn’t后跟动词原形。故填believe。 49. 句意：伽利略喜欢观察生活中的事物并发现真相。根据“Galileo liked observing (观察) things in life and finding out the...”和首字母t可推知，此处指伽利略喜欢观察生活中的事物并发现真相，truth表示“真相”，名词作宾语。故填truth。 50. 句意：这是他的另一个伟大成就。根据“This was another great...of his.”和首字母a可推知，此处指这是伽利略的另一个伟大成就，achievement表示“成就”，another后跟名词单数。故填achievement。 第二节、回答问题（5小题，每小题2分，共10分） Curiosity is like a spark that lights up our desire to explore the unknown. In today’s fast-changing world, it’s more important than ever. From the latest AI technologies to space exploration, human curiosity drives innovation and progress. Take Elon Musk, for example. His curiosity about sustainable energy led to the creation of Tesla and SpaceX. He once said, “I want to understand why things are the way they are.” This mindset pushed him to revolutionize electric cars and rocket science. Similarly, young students around the world are using their curiosity to solve real-world problems. A 15-year-old girl in India invented a low-cost water purifier after seeing her community struggle with clean water. Her curiosity turned into a solution that now helps thousands. But curiosity isn’t just for scientists. It’s about asking questions and seeking answers. When you wonder how a smartphone works or why leaves change color, you’re using curiosity. Schools are now encouraging students to explore through projects like coding robots or growing plants. These activities help develop critical thinking and creativity. However, curiosity needs courage. Sometimes, the answers aren’t easy. Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. He saw failure as a step forward, not a stop. This attitude is key: never stop wondering, even when things get tough. As we face challenges like climate change, curiosity will guide us to new solutions. Whether it’s finding renewable energy or curing diseases, the next big idea might start with a simple question. So keep asking, “Why?” and let your curiosity lead the way. The future belongs to those who dare to wonder. 51. Who is Elon Musk and what did his curiosity lead to? 52. What problem did the 15-year-old girl in India solve, and how? 53. How do schools encourage students to explore according to the passage? 54. What challenges can curiosity help us face according to the passage? 55. What is the author’s advice about curiosity in the passage? 【答案】51. Elon Musk is an entrepreneur. His curiosity about sustainable energy led to the creation of Tesla and SpaceX. 52. The girl invented a low-cost water purifier after seeing her community struggle with clean water. 53. Schools encourage exploration through projects like coding robots or growing plants. 54. Curiosity helps us face challenges like climate change and finding renewable energy. 55. The author advises us never to stop asking “Why?” and let curiosity guide us. 【解析】本文探讨了好奇心在推动人类探索、创新和进步中的重要作用。 51. 根据“His curiosity about sustainable energy led to the creation of Tesla and SpaceX.”可知，Elon Musk是一位企业家，他对可持续能源的好奇心促使他创立了特斯拉和SpaceX。故填Elon Musk is an entrepreneur. His curiosity about sustainable energy led to the creation of Tesla and SpaceX. 52. 根据“A 15-year-old girl in India invented a low-cost water purifier after seeing her community struggle with clean water.”可知，她解决了清洁饮水问题，方式是发明低成本净水器。故填The girl invented a low-cost water purifier after seeing her community struggle with clean water. 53. 根据“Schools are now encouraging students to explore through projects like coding robots or growing plants”可知，学校通过编程机器人、种植植物等项目鼓励学生探索。故填Schools encourage exploration through projects like coding robots or growing plants. 54. 根据“ As we face challenges like climate change, curiosity will guide us to new solutions. Whether it’s finding renewable energy or curing diseases, the next big idea might start with a simple question.”可知，好奇心能帮助我们应对诸如气候变化和寻找可再生能源这类挑战。故填Curiosity helps us face challenges like climate change and finding renewable energy. 55. 根据文章最后一句“So keep asking, ‘Why?’ and let your curiosity lead the way.”可知，作者建议我们，永远不要停止追问“为什么”，要让好奇心引领我们前行。故填The author advises us never to stop asking “Why?” and let curiosity guide us. 第三节、语法填空（5分） Today, I finished reading Pillars of the Nation (《国之脊梁》) , a book that tells the inspiring stories of China’s greatest scientists. Written by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it 56 (record) the lives and achievements of people who made great contributions to our country. The book introduces great people such as Li Siguang, a geologist who helped China discover its own oil resources, and Qian Sanqiang, “the father of China’s atomic energy program”. These scientists faced many difficulties. Some gave up their comfortable life abroad and returned to work for our homeland. Others changed their research directions 57 (complete) when our nation needed them. Modern China is filled 58 their contributions and patriotism (爱国精神). The stories of these wise people moved me deeply. Despite difficult conditions, these scientists worked tirelessly, lighting the way with their ideals and braveness. Though many of these great minds have passed away, their stories live on. If they could see China’s progress today, 59 proud they would be! As a Chinese student, I should learn from these great people. Their stories inspire me to study harder and contribute to China’s future. I believe that with knowledge and perseverance, the great rejuvenation (复兴) of the Chinese nation will 60 (achieve)! I give full stars to the book and recommend it sincerely! 【答案】56. records 57. completely 58. with 59. how 60. be achieved 【解析】本文主要介绍了《国之脊梁》一书的内容与价值，讲述了中国杰出科学家们的事迹与爱国精神，并表达了向他们学习、为祖国未来奋斗的决心。 56. 句意：这本书记录了为国家做出巨大贡献的人们的生平与成就。主语it是单数第三人称，句子为一般现在时，动词record需用第三人称单数形式。故填records。 57. 句意：另一些人在国家需要时彻底改变了研究方向。修饰动词短语changed their research directions需用副词形式，complete的副词是completely。故填completely。 58. 句意：现代中国充满了他们的贡献与爱国精神。固定搭配be filled with表示“充满……”。故填with。 59. 句意：如果他们能看到今天中国的进步，他们会多么骄傲啊！此处是感叹句，修饰形容词proud需用how引导。故填how。 60. 句意：我相信，凭借知识与毅力，中华民族的伟大复兴必将实现！“伟大复兴”是“被实现”的，需用被动语态，结构为will be + 过去分词，achieve的过去分词是achieved。故填be achieved。 第四节、书面表达（20分） 诸多伟大的想法，往往源自现实中遇到的难题。请选取一则事例，撰文讲述：有人凭借独到的智慧与巧妙的办法，最终攻克难题的经历。文章包含以下内容： ● What was the problem to be solved? ● Who came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem? ● How was the problem solved? ● What influence has this idea had on our lives? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文二】 A long time ago, people mainly used stone axes to cut wood. This work was not only slow but also very tiring. Everyone wanted a better tool to make the job easier, yet nobody came up with a good idea. One day, Lu Ban was walking in the mountains. A sharp wild leaf cut his finger. He looked closely at the leaf and got great inspiration. Then he created a new tool called the saw with sharp teeth. It worked far better than axes. This brilliant invention brought great changes to people’s work. For thousands of years, the saw has been widely used all over the world. It truly shows that great ideas come from careful observation around us. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $