Unit 1 单元检测（深圳专用）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元高效复习必备（新教材沪教版）

Unit 8 Great people 单元检测（深圳专用） 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为75分，考试时间为70分钟。 第一部分选择题（50分） I. 完形填空 （10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） One day, a young man came to a wise man, Socrates. He asked, “Will you please give me some suggestions on how to be 1 ?” Socrates agreed, “Walk with me.” They headed to the 2 . When they both stood in the water, Socrates pushed the young man’s head down to water. After several seconds, the young man managed to fight his way out of water, breathing in air. Socrates walked away. The young man was 3 . He looked up to Socrates a lot. How could the great man do this? The young man thought he would never turn to Socrates for 4 . However, the young man with strong wish for success visited Socrates again. Just like before, Socrates 5 the young man’s head under the water. This time, however, the young man was 6 . Before going under, he took a deep breath and held it for thirty seconds, but after coming up, he saw Socrates had already walked away. Shame again! Days passed, and the young man didn’t want to 7 , so he decided to make a final try. This time, the young man 8 knew about what would happen. He held his breath underwater for almost two minutes. He 9 for air and shouted, “Why? Why did you push my head down to water each time I asked for the secret to success?” Socrates faced the young man and said, “Son, I have tried three times to teach you. When you want to succeed as much as you want to 10 , you will be a great success.” 1. A. happy B. young C. clever D. successful 2. A. wild B. ocean C. palace D. forest 3. A. shocked B. pleased C. nervous D. peaceful 4. A. money B. advice C. protection D. information 5. A. shook B. turned C. forced D. raised 6. A. late B. dying C. ready D. proud 7. A. give up B. set off C. grow up D. move around 8. A. slowly B. exactly C. secretly D. possibly 9. A. asked B. waited C. searched D. surfaced 10. A. swim B. walk C. stand D. breathe 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. D 【解析 】本文讲述一位年轻人向苏格拉底请教成功秘诀，苏格拉底三次将其头按入水中，让他领悟到“对成功的渴望需如对呼吸的渴望般强烈”的道理。 1. 句意： 一天，一个年轻人来到智者苏格拉底面前，问道：“您能给我一些关于如何变得成功的建议吗？” 根据文末年轻人的提问“Why? Why did you push my head down to water each time I asked for the secret to success?”，可知年轻人的核心诉求是询问如何成功，应选successful。 2. 句意： 他们朝大海走去。 根据后文“When they both stood in the water, Socrates pushed the young man’s head down to water.”，“stood in the water”明确限定了地点为水域，应选ocean。wild（荒野）、palace（宫殿）、forest（森林）均无水域，逻辑不通。 3. 句意： 年轻人很震惊。 根据前文“Socrates pushed the young man’s head down to water...Socrates walked away.”，苏格拉底突然将年轻人按入水中后直接离开，行为超出预期，应选shocked。 4. 句意： 年轻人想，他再也不会向苏格拉底寻求建议了。 根据文章开头“He asked, ‘Will you please give me some suggestions on how to be successful?’”，年轻人最初就是来寻求建议的，应选advice，呼应前文的suggestions。money（钱）、protection（保护）、information（信息）均与“请教建议”的语境无关，不符。 5. 句意： 和之前一样，苏格拉底强迫年轻人把头按到水下。 根据前文“Socrates pushed the young man’s head down to water.”，“Just like before”表明动作与首次一致，应选forced，对应“push”的动作。shook（摇晃）、turned（转动）、raised（抬起）均无法表达“按入水下”的含义，不符。 6. 句意： 然而这一次，年轻人是有准备的。 根据后文“Before going under, he took a deep breath and held it for thirty seconds”，年轻人提前做了呼吸准备，应选ready。 7. 句意： 几天过去了，年轻人不想放弃，于是他决定做最后一次尝试。 根据后文“so he decided to make a final try”，“final try”表明年轻人未放弃，应选give up。 8. 句意： 这一次，年轻人完全知道会发生什么。 根据前文年轻人已经历两次按头入水，对后续情况完全清楚，应选exactly，强调完全了然于心。 9. 句意： 他浮出水面呼吸空气，大喊道：“为什么？为什么每次我问成功的秘诀，你都把我的头按进水里？” 根据前文“He held his breath underwater for almost two minutes”，水下憋气后需浮出水面呼吸，应选surfaced。 10. 句意： 当你对成功的渴望，就像你对呼吸的渴望一样强烈时，你就会取得巨大的成功。 全文以“水中按头、渴望呼吸”为核心类比，此处需呼应“呼吸”这一核心意象，应选breathe。swim（游泳）、walk（走路）、stand（站立）均脱离核心语境，不符。 II阅读理解 （40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A Holmes rubbed his hands together excitedly. His eyes shone and he leant forward in his chair. “Tell us your story,” he said. Miss Morstan began her story and we listened. “My father,” she began, “was a captain in the army. When I was very young, he was sent to India. My mother was dead and I had no other relatives in England. So, while my father was away, I was sent to school.” “When I was seventeen, I received a letter from my father. He said that he was leaving India and coming back to England. He gave me the address of a hotel in London. He asked me to meet him there.” “I was very happy and excited about seeing my dear father again. I went to London and arrived at the hotel. I asked for Captain Morstan, my father. But I was told by the hotel manager that my father was not there. He had gone out the night before and not returned.” “I waited all day and all night, but my father didn’t come back to the hotel. Finally, I went to the police. They advertised for Captain Morstan in all the newspapers, but without success. I never saw my dear father again.” … “Four years after my father disappeared,” continued Miss Morstan, “I saw an advertisement in the newspaper. The date was 4th May, 1882. To my surprise, the advertisement asked for the address of Miss Mary Morstan. I said that if I advertised my address, I would receive some very good news.” “What did you do?” asked Holmes. “I advertised my address in the same newspaper. The next day, I received a small cardboard box. Inside the box was a lovely pearl (珍珠). And I have received another five pearls since that day. They arrive every year on the same day. Look.” She opened a flat box and showed us six beautiful pearls. “____” asked Holmes. “Nothing at all, ” replied Miss Morstan. Then she continued, “But the strangest thing of all happened this morning. That is why I came to see you. This morning, I received a letter. Please read it.” “Thank you,” said Holmes. He took the letter and studied it carefully. 11. When did Miss Morstan come to see Holmes? A. In 1878. B. In 1882. C. In 1886. D. In 1887. 12. Why did Miss Morstan come to see Holmes? A. Because her father asked her to do so. B. Because she had got some lovely pearls. C. Because her father had just disappeared. D. Because she had received a strange letter. 13. How did Miss Morstan feel after she got the letter that morning? A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Angry. D. Proud. 14. Which question is the most suitable in the blank in the passage? A. Was there any letter with the pearls? B. Did you meet anyone after that? C. Did anyone know about this? D. Were these pearls your father’s? 15. What is the correct order of the following sentences? a. Miss Morstan saw an advertisement. b. Miss Morstan came to see Holmes. c. Miss Morstan received a letter from her father. d. Miss Morstan received some pearls. e. Captain Morstan disappeared. A. c-e-a-d-b B. d-c-e-a-b C. b-c-a-e-d D. e-b-c-a-d 【答案】11. D 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. A 【解析 】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自侦探小说片段，主要讲述了莫斯坦小姐向福尔摩斯讲述父亲失踪、每年收到珍珠以及收到神秘信件的离奇经历，寻求福尔摩斯的帮助。 11. 父亲失踪于莫斯坦小姐17岁时，1882年是失踪四年后，她从1882年开始每年收到1颗珍珠，到她来找福尔摩斯时一共收到了6颗珍珠，说明又过了5年（1882+5 =1887），她在1887年收到神秘信并来找福尔摩斯。 12. 原文倒数第二段提到“But the strangest thing of all happened this morning. That is why I came to see you. This morning, received a letter.”，说明她是因为收到了一封奇怪的信才来求助。 13. 文中倒数第二段用“the strangest thing of all happened this morning”描述信件事件，“strangest”对应“surprised”（惊讶的）。 14. 福尔摩斯的问题得到“Nothing at all”的回答，结合上下文，她只收到了珍珠没有附带信件，之后才收到第一封神秘信，故福尔摩斯的问题是“Was there any letter with the pearls?”。 15. 按原文时间顺序排列，对应事件为：收到父亲的信→父亲失踪→看到寻人广告→收到珍珠→收到神秘信并来找福尔摩斯，顺序为c-e-a-d-b。 B Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population. Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery(肝胆外科)”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 operations during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers. Wu once said, “It would my greatest happiness if I could work at the operating table until my dying day.” In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria(疟疾), Tu Youyou, pharmacologist (药学家) took on the job as head of a research team. She and her teammates performed different kinds of experiments. However, the results were disappointing. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, at the age of 85, she received Nobel Prize. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb believed that every failure was a step towards success. He once said, “If I find 10,000 ways something won’t work, I haven’t failed. I am not discouraged, because every wrong try is another step forward.” Sometimes, their success was a surprise, even to themselves. The famous scientist Alexander Fleming said, “When I woke up just after daybreak on 28th September, 1928, I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize(变革) all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic(抗生素). But I guess that was exactly what I did.” Some people only became successful after their deaths. Not like Pablo Picasso who became famous and very rich during his lifetime, the artist Vincent Van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds. One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what. 16. What do Yuan Longping and Wu Mengchao have in common? A. They succeeded in solving world problems. B. They spent all their lives serving people. C. They achieved a lot in the medical field. D. They are remembered for their happiness. 17. The underlined phrase deformed his fingers could be replaced by ________. A. changed the shape of his fingers B. made him feel down C. gave him too much pressure D. got his fingers cut off 18. It is clear that ________. A. Pablo Picasso became famous after his death B. Vincent Van Gogh painted 2,001 artworks in his life C. it took Tu Youyou’s team about 3 years to reach their goal D. Thomas Edison tried 10,000 ways before he invented the light bulb 19. When Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, he ________. A. felt too tired to stay awake B. didn’t plan to study all medicine C. knew exactly what his success meant D. didn’t fully realize its importance 20. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A. Not everyone can be successful. B. The more difficulties, the better. C. Great achievements aren’t made naturally. D. Great hopes make great men. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. C 【解析】本文主要介绍伟人的事迹，告诉我们伟大的成就不是天生的，所有这些伟人的共同点就是无论发生什么都坚持自己的目标。 16.推理判断题。根据“Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger...”以及“Wu Mengchao, the ‘Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery’, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years.”可知，袁隆平和吴孟超一生都在为人民服务。故选B。 17.词义猜测题。根据“Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time...”可以猜测，因为长时间握手术刀导致他的手指变形了。故选A。 18.推理判断题。根据“In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria...”以及“Finally, in 1972, they made it!”可知，从1969年到1972年，屠呦呦的团队花了大约3年的时间才达到他们的目标。故选C。 19.细节理解题。根据“I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic”可知，Alexander Fleming没有认识到他发现的世界上第一种抗生素重要到可以给所有医药带来改变，也就是没有意识到抗生素的重要性。故选D。 20.主旨大意题。根据“You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily.”以及“One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what.”可知，本文主要通过介绍伟人的事迹，告诉我们伟大的成就不是天生的。故选C。 C When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old, he imagined himself riding alongside a beam (束) of light. He used this picture in mind to help him when working out the “theory of relativity (相对论)”. “Imagination is more important than knowledge,” said Einstein. Daydreaming, called “thought experiments” by Einstein, can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space. It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas, memories and experiences that aren’t happening right now. It means thinking ahead to a holiday or remembering how much you enjoyed a birthday party. According to health organizations, daydreaming for a while each day can improve your emotional (情绪的) health and creativity. ★ . For example, after a long day at work or a disagreement with a friend, let your mind fly away to the picture of a big meal or the friend’s smiling face. Imagining how you’re going to speak in public is like having practiced the scene in your head before for many times, which can make you feel calmer. A couple of minutes to let your minds wander (漫游) and hope for good things to happen lower negative (消极的) thinking. Guo Qiang, a psychologist, suggests we should make time to daydream. “It can be a powerful tool to shape our feelings.” he said. However, try not to let your mind be absent when you need to focus in class or cross the road. Instead, find a time when you don’t have to focus on anything, like going for a walk or brushing your teeth. Daydreaming inspires creativity and lets you find new worlds where there are no limits (限制) to what you can do or who you are. To encourage creativity, think about interesting ideas and see where your mind takes you. Research shows that people often come up with more solutions to problems after they’ve “had a dream”. So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where you go in the new world. 21. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A. B. C. D. 22. What BIG question does Paragraph 2 answer? A. What is daydreaming? B. When do you daydream? C. Where do you daydream? D. How does daydreaming help you? 23. Daydreaming can make people ________. a. fly around     b. think freely     c. walk slowly d. feel calmer     e. think ahead     f. inspire creativity A. a, b, f B. b, c, d C. a, c, f D. b, d, e 24 Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. Daydreaming makes you forget difficult things. B. Daydreaming means unreal but joyful things. C. Daydreaming about something pleasant helps you deal with worries and stress. D. Daydreaming encourages you to finish the impossible. 25. According to Para. 5, daydreaming is talked about ________. A. to advise people to have a mind break B. to suggest living at the moment C. to find solutions to homework problems D. to show a science research result 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24 C 25. A 【导语】本文主要讲述了阿尔伯特. 爱因斯坦在16岁时，想象自己沿着一束光线骑行的故事，并将这个想象用于他的相对论理论的推导中。文章强调了想象力的重要性，认为它比知识更重要。 21. 篇章结构题。文章第一段由爱因斯坦将想象力用于他的相对论理论的推导中引入话题，然后第二段具体阐述了做白日梦的具体含义及意义，并由此引出接下来三段内容具体的做法。结构符合选项B所示。故选B。 22. 段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，主要介绍了什么是白日梦及其意义。故选A。 23. 细节理解题。根据文中“It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas...”可知，它可以让人们自由地思考；根据“Imagining how you’re going to speak in public is like having practiced the scene in your head before for many times, which can make you feel calmer.”可知，它可以让人们感到更镇定；根据“It means thinking ahead...”可知，它可以让人提前思考。故选D。 24 推理判断题。根据下文“For example, after a long day at work or a disagreement with a friend, let your mind fly away to the picture of a big meal or the friend’s smiling face.”可知，前面应该说的是白日梦可以帮助人们带走忧愁和烦恼。故选C。 25. 细节理解题。根据“So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where you go in the new world.”可知，这里想说的是通过白日梦来让大脑得到片刻的放松。故选A。 第二节 短文填空 以下是一则短文, 请阅读短文, 并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中, 使原文的意思完整、连贯。并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共5 小题, 每小题1分） Who is the most famous artist in the world? If not Leonardo da Vinci, it might be Pablo Picasso. Picasso was one of the most famous artists of the 20th century. Born in Spain, Picasso showed his talent at an early age. 26 The neighbors all exclaimed that he was a genius (天才). However, this “genius” was not an excellent student when he listened to the class. As a bad student, Picasso’s detention (关禁闭) in school has become very common. There are only benches and empty walls in the detention room, but he is happy.   27 He first learned painting from his father, who was an art teacher. 28 He also liked to try out new ideas. With his father’s support, Picasso was immersed in the world of imagination every day. 29 One of his most famous periods was his Cubist period (立体派时期). Cubism is when an artist paints things, like a bottle, from at different angles (角度) all in the same picture. So you see the front, the back and the sides of the bottle all at the same time. 30 This new way of painting surprised the art world in the 20th century. Picasso has become an idol (偶像) to many artists nowadays. He has helped us see the world in new ways. A. Because he can take a piece of paper and paint freely there. B. In a way, it’s a bit like having X-ray (透视) eyes. C. He can make lifelike paper-cut and create many amazing paintings. D. People put his life and art into different periods. E. By the time he was 13, he could draw and paint just about anything, and in any style. F. Picasso’s influence was far-reaching for most of his life. 【答案】26. C 27. A 28. E 29. D 30. B 【解析 】本文主要介绍了毕加索具有绘画天赋，并且创造了立体主义绘画风格，这震惊了20世纪艺术界。 26. 根据“Born in Spain, Picasso showed his talent at an early age.”可知，毕加索小时候很有天赋，选项C“他可以制作栩栩如生的剪纸并能创作很多惊人的画作。”进一步说明毕加索有天赋，符合语境。故选C。 27. 根据“There are only benches and empty walls in the detention room, but he is happy.”可知，禁闭室里只有凳子和空空的墙，但是毕加索却感觉很开心。选项A“因为他可以拿一张纸自由地绘画。”解释了毕加索为什么感到开心，符合语境。故选A。 28. 根据“He also liked to try out new ideas.”可知，毕加索也喜欢尝试新的想法。选项E“13岁的时候，他会以各种风格画任何东西。”与下文形成并列，都在讲毕加索的能力，符合语境。故选E。 29. 根据“One of his most famous periods was his Cubist period (立体派时期).”可知，毕加索一生最著名的时期是立体派时期。选项D“人们将他的生活和艺术划分了不同的时期。”引起下文，并且period为复现词，符合语境。故选D。 30. 根据“So you see the front, the back and the sides of the bottle all at the same time.”可知，你可以同时看到瓶子的前、后以及各个面。选项B“在某种程度上，它有点像有着透视眼。”承接上文，意思一致。故选B。 第三节 信息匹配（共 5小题, 每小题1分） 配对阅读。左栏是五个著名人物的简介，右栏是七个人物评论，请将二者进行匹配。 31 Albert Einstein, a Jewish physicist, won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. Among the important discoveries he made in his life, the greatest is the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity（相对论）. 32 Confucius was a great thinker and educator in ancient China. He made many wise sayings that helped many people learn about nature, the world and the human behavior. 33 Nicholas Copernicus was a Polish astronomer who suggested that the earth and other planets in solar system go around the sun. Now, all our ideas of the universe are built on this theory（理论）. 34 Neil Armstrong was a pilot in the US Air force before he entered the space program. In July of 1969, he landed on the moon and made history by walking on the moon firstly. 35 Steven Jobs was an American businessman who was known as the CEO of Apple Inc. He launched（发布）the Macintosh computer, iMac, iPod, iPhone, iPad and other popular electronic products. A. He is the first man to walk on the moon. His famous saying “One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind” is remembered by all the people in the world. B. As the founder of Confucianism, he was one of the world’s most famous cultural figures. His influence is still felt across the world and his ideas of teaching are still important in practice today. C. He was considered as the greatest physicist since Galileo and Newton. His discoveries and theories have greatly influenced science in many fields. D. His sailing around the world showed that the earth is round and could be circled by sea. He was the first European to sail across the Pacific Ocean. E. He was widely regarded as a pioneer of the personal computer revolution （革命）. His influence in the computer and electronics is great. F. He was one of the most admired musicians and pianists in the history of the Western music. As his music has a very far-reaching influence, he is known as “the king of the symphony”. G. He was known as the father of modern astronomy. He was the first modern European scientist to come up with the idea that the sun is the center of the solar system. 【答案】31 32. B 33. G 34. A 35 【解析 】本文是将左栏的五个著名人物与右栏的人物评论进行匹配。 192. 根据“Albert Einstein, a Jewish physicist, won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921”可知，他是一位著名的物理学家，C选项“他被认为是继伽利略和牛顿之后最伟大的物理学家。他的发现和理论极大地影响了许多领域的科学”符合，故选C。 32. 根据“Confucius was a great thinker and educator in ancient China”可知，孔子是中国古代伟大的思想家、教育家，B选项“作为儒家思想的创始人，他是世界上最著名的文化人物之一。他的影响在世界各地仍然存在，他的教学思想在今天的实践中仍然很重要”符合，故选B。 33. 根据“Nicholas Copernicus was a Polish astronomer who suggested that the earth and other planets in solar system go around the sun”可知，尼古拉斯·哥白尼是一位波兰天文学家，他认为地球和太阳系中的其他行星都是围绕太阳运行的，G选项“他被称为现代天文学之父。他是第一个提出太阳是太阳系中心的观点的现代欧洲科学家”符合，故选G。 34. 根据“In July of 1969, he landed on the moon and made history by walking on the moon firstly”可知，他是在月球上行走的第一人，A选项“他是第一个在月球上行走的人。他的名言‘一个人的一小步，人类的一大步’被世界上所有的人铭记”符合，故选A。 35根据“Steven Jobs was an American businessman who was known as the CEO of Apple Inc”可知，史蒂夫·乔布斯是一位美国商人，苹果公司的首席执行官，E选项“他被广泛认为是个人电脑革命的先驱。他在计算机和电子学方面的影响很大”符合，故选E。 第二部分 非选择题（25分） III. 语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A long time ago, there was a clever man in ancient China named Cang Jie. He was in charge of (负责) recording important events. 36 that time, there were no words, no pens, and no paper. People could only record information by piling up stones. However, as their activities became more complex (复杂的), the stones turned into a big mess. Later, clever people invented a new way 37 (record) events; tying knots in ropes. The knots had different sizes, and each size represented a different thing. At first, this worked well. 38 soon, there were too many things, and the knots became confusing. To solve the problem, Cang Jie came up with a new idea. He started adding shells (贝壳) and little stones to the knots to make the records 39 (clear). At first, this new method worked well. But one day, the Yellow Emperor had 40 important meeting with another chief named Chi You. Cang Jie used his “shell-and-knot method” to record the time and place; however, he made a mistake. He 41 (think), “This method isn’t good enough.” One winter day, Cang Jie saw a hunter on the road looking for wild bear tracks. The hunter explained, “Each animal has different footprints. A 42 (skill) hunter can tell them apart.” When Cang Jie heard this, he 43 (sudden) had an idea. He thought, “If everything has its own shape, why not draw their 44 (shape) to represent them?” And he discovered that these simple symbols could record many things without mistakes. Cang Jie showed the symbols to the Yellow Emperor, who exclaimed (惊叹), “This is an amazing invention! We will call them ‘characters’!” From then on, more and more characters 45 (invent). 【答案】36. At 37. to record 38. But 39. clearer 40. an 41. thought 42. skilled/skillful 43. suddenly 44. shapes 45. were invented 【解析 】本文主要介绍了中国古代仓颉造字的由来，介绍了文字发明前堆石、结绳等记录方法的缺陷，最终仓颉受猎人辨兽迹的启发发明了象形汉字。 【详解】36. 句意：在那个时候，还没有文字、笔和纸。固定搭配at that time意为“在那个时候”，符合语境，句首首字母需大写。 37. 句意：后来，聪明人发明了一种新的记录事件的方法：结绳记事。固定结构a way to do sth.表示“做某事的方法”，不定式作后置定语修饰way。 38. 句意：但是很快，事情就太多了，结也变得很混乱。“At first, this worked well…soon, there were too many things, and the knots became confusing.”表明此处句意发生了转折，用But。 39. 句意：仓颉开始在绳结上添加贝壳和小石子，让记录比之前更清晰。这个新方法是用来改进之前混乱的记录方式，隐含比较含义，因此用形容词clear的比较级clearer。 40. 句意：但是有一天，黄帝要和另一个首领蚩尤开一场重要的会议。meeting是可数名词单数，此处表泛指“一场会议”，important以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。 41. 句意：仓颉心想：“这个方法还是不够好用。”全文讲述古代过去的故事，整体用一般过去时，think的过去式为thought。 42. 句意：熟练的猎人可以区分开不同动物的脚印。空格需要形容词修饰名词hunter，skill是名词，其形容词形式skilled或skillful都意为“熟练的”，符合语境。 43. 句意：仓颉听到这话，突然想到了一个主意。空格需要副词修饰动词had，sudden是形容词，其副词形式suddenly意为“突然”，符合语境。 44. 句意：如果每个事物都有自己的形状，为什么不画出它们的形状来代表事物呢？此处their指代多个不同事物，表示“它们的形状”，因此用名词shape的复数形式shapes。 45. 句意：从那以后，越来越多的汉字被发明出来。主语characters（汉字）和动词invent是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填were invented。 第四节、书面表达（15分） 介绍一位你敬佩的伟人。包括其生平、主要成就、性格特点及你从他身上获得的启发，词数100-120左右，题目为“A Great person I Admire”。内容包括： 1.Who is the person you admire most? 2.Why do you admire her/him so much? 3.How do their deeds encourage you to study hard? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 Great people I Admire The great mind I admire most is Albert Einstein, one of the greatest scientists in history. His contributions to physics and his unique personality have left a deep impression on me. Einstein was born in 1879 in Germany. He had a strong passion for science from an early age. Though he faced difficulties in his early studies, he never gave up his pursuit of knowledge. His most famous achievement is the theory of relativity, which changed the way we understand the universe. He also had a great sense of humour. What impresses me most is his attitude towards learning—he once said, “Imagination is more important than knowledge.” Einstein’s life teaches me that curiosity and perseverance are the keys to success. His ability to think differently and challenge traditional ideas inspires me to keep exploring in my studies. He is truly a great mind worth admiring forever. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Great people 单元检测（深圳专用） 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为75分，考试时间为70分钟。 第一部分选择题（50分） I. 完形填空 （10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） One day, a young man came to a wise man, Socrates. He asked, “Will you please give me some suggestions on how to be 1 ?” Socrates agreed, “Walk with me.” They headed to the 2 . When they both stood in the water, Socrates pushed the young man’s head down to water. After several seconds, the young man managed to fight his way out of water, breathing in air. Socrates walked away. The young man was 3 . He looked up to Socrates a lot. How could the great man do this? The young man thought he would never turn to Socrates for 4 . However, the young man with strong wish for success visited Socrates again. Just like before, Socrates 5 the young man’s head under the water. This time, however, the young man was 6 . Before going under, he took a deep breath and held it for thirty seconds, but after coming up, he saw Socrates had already walked away. Shame again! Days passed, and the young man didn’t want to 7 , so he decided to make a final try. This time, the young man 8 knew about what would happen. He held his breath underwater for almost two minutes. He 9 for air and shouted, “Why? Why did you push my head down to water each time I asked for the secret to success?” Socrates faced the young man and said, “Son, I have tried three times to teach you. When you want to succeed as much as you want to 10 , you will be a great success.” 1. A. happy B. young C. clever D. successful 2. A. wild B. ocean C. palace D. forest 3. A. shocked B. pleased C. nervous D. peaceful 4. A. money B. advice C. protection D. information 5. A. shook B. turned C. forced D. raised 6. A. late B. dying C. ready D. proud 7. A. give up B. set off C. grow up D. move around 8. A. slowly B. exactly C. secretly D. possibly 9. A. asked B. waited C. searched D. surfaced 10. A. swim B. walk C. stand D. breathe II阅读理解 （40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A Holmes rubbed his hands together excitedly. His eyes shone and he leant forward in his chair. “Tell us your story,” he said. Miss Morstan began her story and we listened. “My father,” she began, “was a captain in the army. When I was very young, he was sent to India. My mother was dead and I had no other relatives in England. So, while my father was away, I was sent to school.” “When I was seventeen, I received a letter from my father. He said that he was leaving India and coming back to England. He gave me the address of a hotel in London. He asked me to meet him there.” “I was very happy and excited about seeing my dear father again. I went to London and arrived at the hotel. I asked for Captain Morstan, my father. But I was told by the hotel manager that my father was not there. He had gone out the night before and not returned.” “I waited all day and all night, but my father didn’t come back to the hotel. Finally, I went to the police. They advertised for Captain Morstan in all the newspapers, but without success. I never saw my dear father again.” … “Four years after my father disappeared,” continued Miss Morstan, “I saw an advertisement in the newspaper. The date was 4th May, 1882. To my surprise, the advertisement asked for the address of Miss Mary Morstan. I said that if I advertised my address, I would receive some very good news.” “What did you do?” asked Holmes. “I advertised my address in the same newspaper. The next day, I received a small cardboard box. Inside the box was a lovely pearl (珍珠). And I have received another five pearls since that day. They arrive every year on the same day. Look.” She opened a flat box and showed us six beautiful pearls. “____” asked Holmes. “Nothing at all, ” replied Miss Morstan. Then she continued, “But the strangest thing of all happened this morning. That is why I came to see you. This morning, I received a letter. Please read it.” “Thank you,” said Holmes. He took the letter and studied it carefully. 11. When did Miss Morstan come to see Holmes? A. In 1878. B. In 1882. C. In 1886. D. In 1887. 12. Why did Miss Morstan come to see Holmes? A. Because her father asked her to do so. B. Because she had got some lovely pearls. C. Because her father had just disappeared. D. Because she had received a strange letter. 13. How did Miss Morstan feel after she got the letter that morning? A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Angry. D. Proud. 14. Which question is the most suitable in the blank in the passage? A. Was there any letter with the pearls? B. Did you meet anyone after that? C. Did anyone know about this? D. Were these pearls your father’s? 15. What is the correct order of the following sentences? a. Miss Morstan saw an advertisement. b. Miss Morstan came to see Holmes. c. Miss Morstan received a letter from her father. d. Miss Morstan received some pearls. e. Captain Morstan disappeared. A. c-e-a-d-b B. d-c-e-a-b C. b-c-a-e-d D. e-b-c-a-d B Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population. Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery(肝胆外科)”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 operations during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers. Wu once said, “It would my greatest happiness if I could work at the operating table until my dying day.” In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria(疟疾), Tu Youyou, pharmacologist (药学家) took on the job as head of a research team. She and her teammates performed different kinds of experiments. However, the results were disappointing. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, at the age of 85, she received Nobel Prize. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb believed that every failure was a step towards success. He once said, “If I find 10,000 ways something won’t work, I haven’t failed. I am not discouraged, because every wrong try is another step forward.” Sometimes, their success was a surprise, even to themselves. The famous scientist Alexander Fleming said, “When I woke up just after daybreak on 28th September, 1928, I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize(变革) all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic(抗生素). But I guess that was exactly what I did.” Some people only became successful after their deaths. Not like Pablo Picasso who became famous and very rich during his lifetime, the artist Vincent Van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds. One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what. 16. What do Yuan Longping and Wu Mengchao have in common? A. They succeeded in solving world problems. B. They spent all their lives serving people. C. They achieved a lot in the medical field. D. They are remembered for their happiness. 17. The underlined phrase deformed his fingers could be replaced by ________. A. changed the shape of his fingers B. made him feel down C. gave him too much pressure D. got his fingers cut off 18. It is clear that ________. A. Pablo Picasso became famous after his death B. Vincent Van Gogh painted 2,001 artworks in his life C. it took Tu Youyou’s team about 3 years to reach their goal D. Thomas Edison tried 10,000 ways before he invented the light bulb 19. When Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, he ________. A. felt too tired to stay awake B. didn’t plan to study all medicine C. knew exactly what his success meant D. didn’t fully realize its importance 20. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A. Not everyone can be successful. B. The more difficulties, the better. C. Great achievements aren’t made naturally. D. Great hopes make great men. C When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old, he imagined himself riding alongside a beam (束) of light. He used this picture in mind to help him when working out the “theory of relativity (相对论)”. “Imagination is more important than knowledge,” said Einstein. Daydreaming, called “thought experiments” by Einstein, can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space. It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas, memories and experiences that aren’t happening right now. It means thinking ahead to a holiday or remembering how much you enjoyed a birthday party. According to health organizations, daydreaming for a while each day can improve your emotional (情绪的) health and creativity. ★ . For example, after a long day at work or a disagreement with a friend, let your mind fly away to the picture of a big meal or the friend’s smiling face. Imagining how you’re going to speak in public is like having practiced the scene in your head before for many times, which can make you feel calmer. A couple of minutes to let your minds wander (漫游) and hope for good things to happen lower negative (消极的) thinking. Guo Qiang, a psychologist, suggests we should make time to daydream. “It can be a powerful tool to shape our feelings.” he said. However, try not to let your mind be absent when you need to focus in class or cross the road. Instead, find a time when you don’t have to focus on anything, like going for a walk or brushing your teeth. Daydreaming inspires creativity and lets you find new worlds where there are no limits (限制) to what you can do or who you are. To encourage creativity, think about interesting ideas and see where your mind takes you. Research shows that people often come up with more solutions to problems after they’ve “had a dream”. So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where you go in the new world. 21. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A. B. C. D. 22. What BIG question does Paragraph 2 answer? A. What is daydreaming? B. When do you daydream? C. Where do you daydream? D. How does daydreaming help you? 23. Daydreaming can make people ________. a. fly around     b. think freely     c. walk slowly d. feel calmer     e. think ahead     f. inspire creativity A. a, b, f B. b, c, d C. a, c, f D. b, d, e 24 Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. Daydreaming makes you forget difficult things. B. Daydreaming means unreal but joyful things. C. Daydreaming about something pleasant helps you deal with worries and stress. D. Daydreaming encourages you to finish the impossible. 25. According to Para. 5, daydreaming is talked about ________. A. to advise people to have a mind break B. to suggest living at the moment C. to find solutions to homework problems D. to show a science research result 第二节 短文填空 以下是一则短文, 请阅读短文, 并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中, 使原文的意思完整、连贯。并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共5 小题, 每小题1分） Who is the most famous artist in the world? If not Leonardo da Vinci, it might be Pablo Picasso. Picasso was one of the most famous artists of the 20th century. Born in Spain, Picasso showed his talent at an early age. 26 The neighbors all exclaimed that he was a genius (天才). However, this “genius” was not an excellent student when he listened to the class. As a bad student, Picasso’s detention (关禁闭) in school has become very common. There are only benches and empty walls in the detention room, but he is happy.   27 He first learned painting from his father, who was an art teacher. 28 He also liked to try out new ideas. With his father’s support, Picasso was immersed in the world of imagination every day. 29 One of his most famous periods was his Cubist period (立体派时期). Cubism is when an artist paints things, like a bottle, from at different angles (角度) all in the same picture. So you see the front, the back and the sides of the bottle all at the same time. 30 This new way of painting surprised the art world in the 20th century. Picasso has become an idol (偶像) to many artists nowadays. He has helped us see the world in new ways. A. Because he can take a piece of paper and paint freely there. B. In a way, it’s a bit like having X-ray (透视) eyes. C. He can make lifelike paper-cut and create many amazing paintings. D. People put his life and art into different periods. E. By the time he was 13, he could draw and paint just about anything, and in any style. F. Picasso’s influence was far-reaching for most of his life. 第三节 信息匹配（共 5小题, 每小题1分） 配对阅读。左栏是五个著名人物的简介，右栏是七个人物评论，请将二者进行匹配。 31 Albert Einstein, a Jewish physicist, won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. Among the important discoveries he made in his life, the greatest is the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity（相对论）. 32 Confucius was a great thinker and educator in ancient China. He made many wise sayings that helped many people learn about nature, the world and the human behavior. 33 Nicholas Copernicus was a Polish astronomer who suggested that the earth and other planets in solar system go around the sun. Now, all our ideas of the universe are built on this theory（理论）. 34 Neil Armstrong was a pilot in the US Air force before he entered the space program. In July of 1969, he landed on the moon and made history by walking on the moon firstly. 35 Steven Jobs was an American businessman who was known as the CEO of Apple Inc. He launched（发布）the Macintosh computer, iMac, iPod, iPhone, iPad and other popular electronic products. A. He is the first man to walk on the moon. His famous saying “One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind” is remembered by all the people in the world. B. As the founder of Confucianism, he was one of the world’s most famous cultural figures. His influence is still felt across the world and his ideas of teaching are still important in practice today. C. He was considered as the greatest physicist since Galileo and Newton. His discoveries and theories have greatly influenced science in many fields. D. His sailing around the world showed that the earth is round and could be circled by sea. He was the first European to sail across the Pacific Ocean. E. He was widely regarded as a pioneer of the personal computer revolution （革命）. His influence in the computer and electronics is great. F. He was one of the most admired musicians and pianists in the history of the Western music. As his music has a very far-reaching influence, he is known as “the king of the symphony”. G. He was known as the father of modern astronomy. He was the first modern European scientist to come up with the idea that the sun is the center of the solar system. 第二部分 非选择题（25分） III. 语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A long time ago, there was a clever man in ancient China named Cang Jie. He was in charge of (负责) recording important events. 36 that time, there were no words, no pens, and no paper. People could only record information by piling up stones. However, as their activities became more complex (复杂的), the stones turned into a big mess. Later, clever people invented a new way 37 (record) events; tying knots in ropes. The knots had different sizes, and each size represented a different thing. At first, this worked well. 38 soon, there were too many things, and the knots became confusing. To solve the problem, Cang Jie came up with a new idea. He started adding shells (贝壳) and little stones to the knots to make the records 39 (clear). At first, this new method worked well. But one day, the Yellow Emperor had 40 important meeting with another chief named Chi You. Cang Jie used his “shell-and-knot method” to record the time and place; however, he made a mistake. He 41 (think), “This method isn’t good enough.” One winter day, Cang Jie saw a hunter on the road looking for wild bear tracks. The hunter explained, “Each animal has different footprints. A 42 (skill) hunter can tell them apart.” When Cang Jie heard this, he 43 (sudden) had an idea. He thought, “If everything has its own shape, why not draw their 44 (shape) to represent them?” And he discovered that these simple symbols could record many things without mistakes. Cang Jie showed the symbols to the Yellow Emperor, who exclaimed (惊叹), “This is an amazing invention! We will call them ‘characters’!” From then on, more and more characters 45 (invent). 第四节、书面表达（15分） 介绍一位你敬佩的伟人。包括其生平、主要成就、性格特点及你从他身上获得的启发，词数100-120左右，题目为“A Great person I Admire”。内容包括： 1.Who is the person you admire most? 2.Why do you admire her/him so much? 3.How do their deeds encourage you to study hard? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $