专题20 同位语从句（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦同位语从句连接词运用，通过分层训练构建从基础到真题的完整知识链，强化语境逻辑分析与高频考点突破。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|单句20题+语篇3篇|聚焦连接词/代词/副词基础运用，覆盖常用句型与虚拟语气|从连接词功能（that/whether）到代词（who/what）、副词（when/where），构建"概念-用法-辨析"递进逻辑| |重难·创新演练|单句15题+语篇5篇|结合考古/科技新情境，强化易混连接词与定语从句区别|通过新情境语篇深化连接词选择的语境依赖性，突出"语法规则-语用逻辑"转化| |真题·实战演练|5道高考真题|直击高频考点，验证连接词运用与句型掌握程度|以真题为载体，巩固"基础-重难"知识链，提升语言运用准确性与思维逻辑性|

专题20 同位语从句 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：同位语从句的连接词，连接代词的用法，连接副词的用法，同位语从句的常用句型，同位语从句的虚拟语气，易混连接词，同位语从句与定语从句的区别 一、单句语法填空 1．There is a general belief sitting for a long time does damage to our health. 2．There is little doubt China has presented to the world a successful and powerful country. 3．The question should do the work requires consideration. 4．We have some doubt we can travel to Jiuzhaigou this summer. 5．The idea the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here. 6．The question came up at the meeting there should be some reform of the present educational system. 7．I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message he won’t be able to see you this afternoon. 8．The question should be responsible for protecting the cultural heritage doesn’t need to be discussed any more. 9．Having no idea he would be back, she was worried. 10．After John stayed in Shanghai for a couple of days, he got the impression the city was very fascinating. 11．The word “together” in the Olympic motto (格言) stresses the fact to overcome challenges we need to stand together. 12．When dining alone, we can consume whatever we would like, with the added bonus we might be able to eat more healthily. 13．The question came up at the meeting we had enough money to carry out the research. 14．The problem will be sent to work there hasn’t been solved. 15．I have no idea he will be back from abroad. 16．I have no idea he refused to go camping with us on Sunday. 17．The problem we should choose as our leader is still under discussion. 18．There is solid evidence watching 3D movies have some side effects on the viewers. 19．My son will turn 15 next week. I want to give him something special, but I have no idea I should buy. 20.The students are discussing the topic __________ they should choose as the theme for their graduation thesis—sustainable development or cultural heritage protection. 二、语篇语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first blockbuster (大片) of China set in space, “The Wandering Earth,” opens Tuesday during grand expectations 1 it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking. “The Wandering Earth,” 2 (show) in 3-D, takes place in a distant future in which the sun is about to expand into a red giant and devour (吞噬) the Earth. It 3 (adapt) from works by Liu Cixin, the writer 4 has led a renaissance in science fiction here, 5 (become) the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award in 2015. His novels are splendid and 6 (deep) researched. That makes 7 (they) reasonable fantasies about humanity’s meeting with a dangerous universe. The openings also come as China reached a milestone in space: the landing of a probe on 8 far side of the moon in January. Although decades behind Russia and the United States, China has now put astronauts 9 orbit and has ambitious plans to join—or even lead—a new age of space exploration. “I think there is a very close 10 (connect) between Chinese cinema and the nation’s fortunes,” said Sha Dan, a curator at the China Film Archive. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During the 1 (twenty) century , the temperature of the earth 2 (rise) about one degree Fahrenheit. It is a rapid increase when compared 3 other natural changes . There is no doubt 4 the earth is becoming warmer. Scientists believe 5 is human activity that has caused this global warming. The increase in the earth's temperature is due to the 6 (burn) of fossil fuels. Some byproducts of this process 7 (call) “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of 8 is carbon dioxide. Without the “greenhouse effect”, the earth would be thirty-three degree Celsius 9 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing the global temperature 10 (go) up. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The latest progress in the restoration of the Haihun bamboo slips (海昏侯墓竹简) 1 (announce) at the 10th anniversary conference in Nanchang, East China’s Jiangxi province on Saturday. Among the highlights is the discovery of the first complete version of the Book of Songs (Shi Jing) from the Qin and Han 2 (dynasty) (221 BC—AD220). Before the 3 (invent) of paper, bamboo and wooden slips were the main writing materials 4 (use) in ancient China. “Around 1,200 bamboo slips relevant 5 . The Book of Songs were unearthed from the Marquis of Haihun tomb,” Yang Jun, head of the Haihun tomb excavation team, told the Global Times. “This indicates the Hanhun Book of Songs is   6 complete version.” In addition to The Analects and The Book of Songs, The Book of Rites, The Spring and Autumn Annals, and The Classic of Filial Piety are also included, There is no doubt 7 they are all ancient Chinese classics. These slips 8 (clear) reflect Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty’s policy of promoting Confucianism as the state ideology and 9 (collect) a wide range of classical texts. According to Fang, despite the challenges, most of the preservation work has now been completed, and full restoration is expected 10 (finish) by 2026. 重难·创新演练 设题创新: 挖掘工作的发现及推测(T1) 现代科技与考古(T2); 现代科技与古代农业(T3); 古老钢制针灸针(T4)；海洋探古(T5) 一、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境】The school administration hasn’t finalized the decision __________ the annual international cultural exchange week will be held—whether in October or November. 2．【新情境】When we come across such factual differences, we shouldn’t rush to the conclusion one of the news reports gives false information. 3．【新情境】Word came a new teaching building would be built in our school the next year. 4．【新情境】He must answer the question he agrees with it or not. 5.【新情境】There is no possibility we can get there on time, because the snow has held up our flight. 6．【新情境】Parents can feel at ease in the knowledge their children are safe and taken good care of. 7.【新情境】The scholars are studying the phenomenon __________ young people are increasingly inclined to pursue freelance careers instead of traditional full - time jobs. 8．【新情境】Giant pandas are seen as living proof conservation works, the numbers of which in the wild are recovering after years of decline. 9.【新情境】The idea we should protect our cultural and natural heritages has won the approval of everyone. 10．【新情境】here seems to be no doubt they are going to do next. 11．I have no idea   effective measures our school will take to strengthen our listening skills. 12．We hadn’t settled the problem ________ would be sent to take charge of that chain shop. 13．You have no idea anxious I am now for her safety. 14．There is still some doubt the autumn sports meet will be held in our school. 15. I have no idea ______ book is mine. 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·挖掘工作的发现及推测】 During the dig outside the city walls, 1 (researcher) came across thirty to forty bodies 2 (lie) one on top of another. They had been 3 (murder). The men dug with great care, trying not to disturb the evidence of what had happened. Everyone was 4 (curiosity) as to why all these people had been killed at 5 same time. Was it just a coincidence? Deep in the ground below the bodies, they found a tomb made 6 stone. It contained many valuable things, including much gold 7 many jewels. Inside it lay the body of a man that was well-preserved. It was the fact 8 the man had been a king. This explained why the other bodies were there. The workers who had built the tomb were killed 9 (short) after the king had died, in order to keep the tomb a secret, and to make 10 (they) companions for him in death. Passage 2 【新情境·现代科技与考古】 Modern technology is very important for protecting, digging up and studying the Liangzhu Archaeological (考古) Ruins in Zhejiang Province. A recent big discovery here shows this clearly — archaeologists found the evidence 1 a wall-like structure was outside the ancient city. Archaeologists say it might be a royal mausoleum (陵墓). If true, it could be one of China’s 2 (early) royal burial sites and make the country’s mausoleum history thousands of years older. This discovery mostly comes from an “air-sky-land-digital” method 3 (create) by Wang Ningyuan’s team. The method uses drones (无人机) (air), satellite pictures (sky), traditional fieldwork (land) and digital mapping (digital). This technology has brought great findings. It helped find the outer city in 2009, a dam system in 2011, and more dams between 2021 and 2024, 4 ultimately revealed the comprehensive structure of the Liangzhu water management system. Over the past few years, based on these discoveries, archaeologists 5 (piece) together how Liangzhu’s ancestors grew from small settlements into a great city-state. “Modern technological approaches have enabled the 6 (identify) of various functional structures that traditional methods could not detect, significantly 7 (reshape) our understanding of Liangzhu as an early state society,” Wang said. The application of technology extends beyond discovery 8 preservation and protection. Tiger Ridge Dam, a big white shell envelops the 5,000-year-old structure. Inside, tools monitor temperature and water levels, 9 an automatic system fixes problems 10 (efficient). Across the 162-square-kilometer site, cameras and underground sensors form an intelligent monitoring network. Passage 3 【新情境·现代科技与古代农业】 In the heartland of China, near a 4,500-year-old farmland, a team of agricultural scientists is modernizing 1 ancient practice. They are using big data analytics and AI models 2 (improve) the output of a specific plot of land. At the experimental field near the Baodun Site, 3 evidence of ancient rice cultivation was found, researchers from Sichuan Agricultural University are using AI-powered models to evaluate the result of different hybrid rice 4 (variety). The modern research method has greatly saved time, 5 the conventional approach, which would require waiting until the harvest season of a certain rice hybrid, researchers said. Chinese archaeologists have unearthed carbonized rice at the Baodun site, a walled settlement 6 (date) from 4,500 to 4,200 years back. This late Neolithic culture emerging on the Chengdu Plain in southwestern China, bears witness 7 the agricultural dawn of ancient Chinese civilization. Today, the site’s agricultural values, and also archaeological and 8 (economy) values are being explored and expanded by technological means. In a nearby lab, researchers are constructing a 3D image of the site to study the impact of ancient floods and to understand the way 9 the special structures may have contributed to the wealth of the plain. In addition to rice cultivation, silk-weaving, another ancient invention that originated at the Chengdu Plain, 10 (receive) a modern technological boost to date. Passage 4 【新情境·古老钢制针灸针】 Archaeologists (考古学家) investigating the tomb of the Marquis of Haihun in east China’s Jiangxi Province discovered the world’s 1 (old) steel acupuncture (针灸) needles. The delicate needles dating back to the time of the Western Han Dynasty 2 (find) within a jade tube initially. A wooden label lying nearby 3 (mark) with the words “Nine Needles Complete” confirms their identification, as ancient Chinese medical texts recommend the use of nine different needles during acupuncture. Each needle 4 (measure) 0.3 to 0.5 millimeters in diameter. Yang, leader of team noted that they were likely wrapped in cloth prior to 5 (place) in the jade tube, a practice that ensured cleanliness and safe handling. Analysis indicated that the needles were made from steel created with an advanced technique known 6 the “frying” process, allowing for their extraordinary   7 (thin). It was essential that the medical instruments be made from steel, since gold and silver are too soft, 8 iron rusts (生锈) too easily, which could cause infection. This breakthrough in material science directly fueled the evolution of acupuncture tools and the progress of medical practice itself. The discovery represents the wisdom and precision with 9 ancient physicians practiced their healing art, a legacy 10 continues to inspire traditional medicine today. Passage 5 【新情境·海洋探古】 On Monday, the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing 1 (reveal) that archaeologists (考古学家) had discovered two sunken ships in the depths of the South China Sea. It offered tangible evidence of commercial and 2 (culture) exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road. The latest underwater archaeological 3 (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology have 4 (significant) uncovered important artifacts. Besides the shipwrecks  (沉船), various artifacts have been unearthed, most of 5 were made in kiln (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital”. The precise locations of  the shipwrecks and the cultural relics 6 (associate) with them were found through the use of oceanographic technology and underwater investigations involving manned submarines, which conducted 41 dives throughout the year, as confirmed by Song Jianzhong, 7 researcher at the National Center for Archaeology. The Ming Dynasty’s No. 1 shipwreck, 8 (measure) 37 meters long and 11 meters wide, has produced 543 artifacts, suggesting it sailed 9 Fujian or Guangdong to Southeast Asia trade centers like Malacca. The No. 2 shipwreck 10 (date) from the rule of Emperor Hongzhi and measures about 21 meters long and 8 meters wide. A total of 36 artifacts have been found on it, porcelain and pottery included. 真题·实战演练 高频考点：同位语从句的连接词，连接代词的用法，连接副词的用法，同位语从句的常用句型，同位语从句的虚拟语气，易混连接词，同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1．(2026·湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校高三月考)This criticism is partly attributed to the reality ________ substantial crop volumes are now diverted toward energy production instead of food supplies. 2．(2026·天津市自立中学高三月考)It is a fact ________ the ancient city was once a thriving centre of trade. 3．(2026·湖北部分学校高三月考)The king of Benares received news one day ________ a group of outlaws were committing outrages (严重的违法行为) on a distant border of the kingdom. 4．（2026·福建省厦门双十中学高三开学）There is some doubt among people $749 is too much for a mobile phone. 5．To deal with the problem drivers may fall asleep halfway in traffic jams during peak travel hours, wake-up call services from drones have been introduced. 6 / 24网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题20 同位语从句 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：同位语从句的连接词，连接代词的用法，连接副词的用法，同位语从句的常用句型，同位语从句的虚拟语气，易混连接词，同位语从句与定语从句的区别 一、单句语法填空 1．There is a general belief sitting for a long time does damage to our health. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：人们普遍认为久坐会损害我们的健康。空处引导同位语从句解释说明belief的具体内容，从句成份和意义都完整，应用连接词that引导。故填that。 2．There is little doubt China has presented to the world a successful and powerful country. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，中国已向世界展示了一个成功且强大的国家形象。引导同位语从句，说明doubt的内容，且从句不缺少成分和句意，应用连接词that。故填that。 3．The question should do the work requires consideration. 【答案】who 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：谁该做这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。根据分析句子结构可知，该句的主句是“The question requires consideration. ”，从句是“______ should do the work”，从句与question是同位关系，空处引导同位语从句，根据The question和should do the work可知，空处应用who引导同位语从句并在从句中作主语。故填who。 4．We have some doubt we can travel to Jiuzhaigou this summer. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我们对今年夏天是否能去九寨沟旅行有些怀疑。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作doubt的同位语，空处表达“是否”的意思，应用连接词whether作引导词。故填whether。 5．The idea the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here. 【答案】where 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道我妈妈昨天去了哪里。空后引导同位语从句解释说明抽象名词短语no idea的内容，该空在从句中作地点状语，用连接副词where。故填where。 6．The question came up at the meeting there should be some reform of the present educational system. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：会议上提出了是否应该对目前的教育制度进行一些改革的问题。该空引导分割式同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词question的内容，问题是关于是否改革教育制度，表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。 7．I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message he won’t be able to see you this afternoon. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：王先生让我给你捎个口信，他今天下午不能见你了。空格处引导是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句，故填that。 8．The question should be responsible for protecting the cultural heritage doesn’t need to be discussed any more. 【答案】who 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：谁应该负责保护文化遗产的问题不再需要讨论了。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“谁应该负责保护文化遗产的问题不再需要讨论了”，空格处意为“谁”，用who引导同位语从句，故填who。 9．Having no idea he would be back, she was worried. 【答案】when 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：由于不知道他什么时候回来，她很担心。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导同位语从句，对名词idea解释说明，表示“什么时候”，应用when引导，故填when。 10．After John stayed in Shanghai for a couple of days, he got the impression the city was very fascinating. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：约翰在上海呆了几天后，对这座城市有了一种印象，觉得它很迷人。此处引导impression的同位语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 11．The word “together” in the Olympic motto (格言) stresses the fact to overcome challenges we need to stand together. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：奥林匹克格言中的“在一起”一词强调了一个事实，即为了克服挑战，我们需要站在一起。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，因从句句意完整，且不缺任何成分，故用that引导该同位语从句，从句解释说明the fact的内容。故填that。 12．When dining alone, we can consume whatever we would like, with the added bonus we might be able to eat more healthily. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句的连接词。句意：当一个人吃饭时，我们可以吃任何我们喜欢的东西，还有一个额外的好处，我们可能会吃得更健康。此处引导同位语从句，解释bonus的具体内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，设空处应用that引导。故填that。 13．The question came up at the meeting we had enough money to carry out the research. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：会议上提出了我们是否有足够的钱进行这项研究的问题。分析可知，空处引导同位语从句对名词question进行解释说明，句子成分完整，需要“是否”之意，故用连接词whether。故填whether。 14．The problem will be sent to work there hasn’t been solved. 【答案】who 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：派谁去那里工作这个问题还没有解决。空处引导同位语从句，说明problem的具体内容，从句缺少主语，结合语境可知，此处指派“谁”去那里工作，因此用连接代词who引导从句。故填who。 15．I have no idea he will be back from abroad. 【答案】when 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道他何时将从国外回来。“he will be back from abroad”是对idea内容的解释说明，为同位语从句。此处表达“不知道他何时回来”，应用连接副词when引导，在从句中作时间状语。故填when。 16．I have no idea he refused to go camping with us on Sunday. 【答案】why 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道他为什么拒绝在周日和我们一起去露营。空处引导同位语从句，是对idea内容的解释说明，且从句中缺少原因状语，应用why引导该同位语从句。故填why。 17．The problem we should choose as our leader is still under discussion. 【答案】who/whom 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我们应该选谁当领导的问题仍在讨论中。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中缺少宾语，此处表示“我们应该选谁当领导的问题仍在讨论中”，空格处意为“谁”，用who/whom引导同位语从句，故填who/whom。 18．There is solid evidence watching 3D movies have some side effects on the viewers. 【答案】how 【解析】考查连接副词。句意：有确凿的证据表明观看3D电影如何对观众产生一些副作用。空格处需要使用连接词引导名词evidence“证据”的同位语从句，说明证据的具体内容。根据句意可知，证据应该是为了证明观看电影如何能产生副作用，故连接副词how“如何”符合句意，在从句中作方式状语。故填how。 19．My son will turn 15 next week. I want to give him something special, but I have no idea I should buy. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我儿子下周就15岁了。我想给他一些特别的东西，但我不知道该买什么。设空处引导同位语从句，解释“idea”的内容，从句中缺少宾语，且指代“买的东西”，因此应用what引导该从句，what在从句中作宾语。故填what。 20.The students are discussing the topic __________ they should choose as the theme for their graduation thesis—sustainable development or cultural heritage protection. 【答案】what 【解析】句意：学生们正在讨论毕业论文应选择什么主题 —— 是可持续发展还是文化遗产保护。先行名词为 “topic”（主题），从句缺少宾语（“选择的内容”），what 在此引导同位语从句，既充当从句宾语（“什么主题”），又匹配 “在两个主题中选择” 的语境。 二、语篇语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first blockbuster (大片) of China set in space, “The Wandering Earth,” opens Tuesday during grand expectations 1 it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking. “The Wandering Earth,” 2 (show) in 3-D, takes place in a distant future in which the sun is about to expand into a red giant and devour (吞噬) the Earth. It 3 (adapt) from works by Liu Cixin, the writer 4 has led a renaissance in science fiction here, 5 (become) the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award in 2015. His novels are splendid and 6 (deep) researched. That makes 7 (they) reasonable fantasies about humanity’s meeting with a dangerous universe. The openings also come as China reached a milestone in space: the landing of a probe on 8 far side of the moon in January. Although decades behind Russia and the United States, China has now put astronauts 9 orbit and has ambitious plans to join—or even lead—a new age of space exploration. “I think there is a very close 10 (connect) between Chinese cinema and the nation’s fortunes,” said Sha Dan, a curator at the China Film Archive. 【答案】 1．that 2．shown 3．is adapted 4．who/that 5．becoming 6．deeply 7．them 8．the 9．in/into 10．connection 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了“流浪地球”这部大片的开幕式、故事背景以及这部影片的意义。 1．考查同位语从句。句意：肩负着人们的厚望，中国第一部以太空为背景的大片《流浪地球》于周二上映。这部电影被认为将代表中国电影制作新时代的曙光。这是一个同位语从句，expectations的内容就是it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking，并且从句部分是一个陈述句，故填that。 2．考查过去分词作定语。句意：“流浪地球”是以3D形式播放的，故事发生在遥远的将来。“The Wandering Earth”与show之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作定语。故填shown。 3．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：电影改编于刘慈欣的作品，这位作家在中国引领了一场科幻小说复兴，在2015年成为了赢得雨果奖的第一名中国作家。全文使用的是一般现在时，所以这句话也使用一般现在时，主语it指代的是“The Wandering Earth”，是第三人称单数，且是物作主语，所以语态使用被动语态。故填is adapted。 4．考查定语从句。句意同上。这是一个定语从句，先行词为the writer，指人，从句缺主语，故填who/that。 5．考查现在分词作状语。句意同上。这里的分词作the writer的状语，the writer与become之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填becoming。 6．考查副词。句意：刘慈欣的小说叙事宏大，背景研究细致入微。空格处单词修饰动词researched，应用副词形式，故填deeply。 7．考查代词。句意：这使得这些小说是关于人类和危险的宇宙之间的合情合理的科幻小说。这里的they指代his novels，并且在句中作make的宾语，所以用代词的宾格形式，故填them。 8．考查定冠词。句意：宇宙探测器一月份落在月球背面。空格位于介词后，名词前，所以填冠词。月球是独一无二的，所以这里特指月球的背面。所以填定冠词。故填the。 9．考查介词。句意：虽然落后于俄罗斯和美国几十年，但如今中国已经将宇航员送入太空轨道。太空轨道是一个很大的范围，所以进入太空轨道用介词in或者into。故填in/into。 10．考查名词的单数形式。句意：中国电影资料馆策展人沙丹说：“我认为中国电影和中国国运之间有着紧密联系。”空格位于定冠词和形容词后，介词前，所以用名词形式，又有不定冠词a修饰，所以用可数名词的单数形式。故填connection。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During the 1 (twenty) century , the temperature of the earth 2 (rise) about one degree Fahrenheit. It is a rapid increase when compared 3 other natural changes . There is no doubt 4 the earth is becoming warmer. Scientists believe 5 is human activity that has caused this global warming. The increase in the earth's temperature is due to the 6 (burn) of fossil fuels. Some byproducts of this process 7 (call) “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of 8 is carbon dioxide. Without the “greenhouse effect”, the earth would be thirty-three degree Celsius 9 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing the global temperature 10 (go) up. 【答案】 1．twentieth 2．rose 3．to/with 4．that 5．it 6．burning 7．are called 8．which 9．cooler 10．to go 【解析】这是一篇说明文。20世纪，地球的温度上升了1华氏度。科学家们认为是人类活动导致了地球变暖，因为矿物的燃烧导致过多的二氧化碳排放到了大气层中。 1．考查序数词。句意：在20世纪，地球的温度上升了1华氏度。“在20世纪”是按时间顺序描述时间的，应用序数词。故填twentieth。 2．考查时态。句意同上。“在20世纪”提示了我们这句话时态使用一般过去时。故填rose。 3．考查介词。句意：与其它自然变化相比，这是一个很快的升高。“be compared to/with”是固定表达,意为“”与……相比，这里是when (it is）compared to/with的省略形式。故填to/with。 4．考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问地球正在变得更暖和。There is no doubt that… “毫无疑问”是固定句型。故填that。 5．考查强调句。句意：科学家们认为是人类活动导致了全球变暖。强调句句式结构为“it is …that/who…”，本句去掉is和that后句子不缺成份，所以说是宾语从句中嵌套了强调句。故填it。 6．考查动名词。句意：地球温度的升高是由于化石燃料的燃烧。空格前有定冠词，空格后是介词，所以空格处填名词形式。所给出的单词为动词，所以填动名词形式。故填burning。 7．考查被动语态。句意：一些副产品被叫做温室气体，其中最重的一种是二氧化碳。分析句子成分可知，句子缺少谓语动词，且根据句意，应使用被动语态。全文使用的时态为一般现在时，且主语Some byproducts为复数形式，故填are called。 8．考查定语从句。句意同上。根据句意可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词为gases，从句缺少主语用于of后，故填which。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：没有温室效应，地球将比现在凉快33摄氏度。由空格后的than可知此处用比较级。故填cooler。 10．考查不定式。句意：当我们把大量的二氧化碳排入空气的时候，问题就出现了，导致地球温度上升。cause… to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“导致……做某事”，故填to go。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The latest progress in the restoration of the Haihun bamboo slips (海昏侯墓竹简) 1 (announce) at the 10th anniversary conference in Nanchang, East China’s Jiangxi province on Saturday. Among the highlights is the discovery of the first complete version of the Book of Songs (Shi Jing) from the Qin and Han 2 (dynasty) (221 BC—AD220). Before the 3 (invent) of paper, bamboo and wooden slips were the main writing materials 4 (use) in ancient China. “Around 1,200 bamboo slips relevant 5 . The Book of Songs were unearthed from the Marquis of Haihun tomb,” Yang Jun, head of the Haihun tomb excavation team, told the Global Times. “This indicates the Hanhun Book of Songs is   6 complete version.” In addition to The Analects and The Book of Songs, The Book of Rites, The Spring and Autumn Annals, and The Classic of Filial Piety are also included, There is no doubt 7 they are all ancient Chinese classics. These slips 8 (clear) reflect Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty’s policy of promoting Confucianism as the state ideology and 9 (collect) a wide range of classical texts. According to Fang, despite the challenges, most of the preservation work has now been completed, and full restoration is expected 10 (finish) by 2026. 【答案】 1．was announced 2．dynasties 3．invention 4．used 5．to 6．a 7．that 8．clearly 9．collecting 10．to be finished 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍海昏侯墓竹简修复的最新进展，提及出土的完整秦汉版《诗经》及相关典籍的历史价值。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：周六，在江西南昌举办的十周年研讨会上，海昏侯墓竹简修复的最新进展对外公布。此处为谓语动词，主语The latest progress与announce为被动关系，且描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was announced。故填was announced。 2．考查名词复数。句意：其中最引人注目的发现是，出土了首部完整的秦汉时期（公元前221年—公元220年）版本的《诗经》。dynasty为可数名词，此处指秦朝和汉朝两个朝代，用复数形式dynasties。故填dynasties。 3．考查名词。句意：在纸张发明之前，竹简和木简是中国古代主要的书写材料。此处作介词Before的宾语，且有定冠词the修饰，用invent的名词形式invention，意为“发明”，为不可数名词。故填invention。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：在纸张发明之前，竹简和木简是中国古代主要的书写材料。此处为非谓语动词，materials与use为被动关系，用过去分词used作后置定语。故填used。 5．考查介词。句意：海昏侯墓考古发掘队领队杨军在接受《环球时报》采访时表示：“海昏侯墓中出土了约1200枚与《诗经》相关的竹简。”此处为固定搭配“relevant to”，意为“与……相关的”，用介词to。故填to。 6．考查冠词。句意：这表明海昏侯墓版《诗经》是一个完整的版本。version为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一个完整的版本”，且complete是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 7．考查同位语从句。句意：除《论语》和《诗经》外，墓中还出土了《礼记》《春秋》和《孝经》，这些都是中国古代的经典典籍。此处为同位语从句，故填that。 8．考查副词。句意：这些竹简清晰地反映出汉武帝推行“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”的政策，以及朝廷广泛收集典籍的举措。此处修饰动词reflect，用clear的副词形式clearly，意为“清晰地”。故填clearly。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些竹简清晰地反映出汉武帝推行“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”的政策，以及朝廷广泛收集典籍的举措。此处与promoting并列，作介词of的宾语，用collect的动名词形式collecting。故填collecting。 10．考查非谓语动词和语态。句意：据方先生介绍，尽管面临诸多挑战，目前大部分保护工作已完成，全部修复工作预计将于2026年完成。此处为固定搭配“be expected to do sth.”，所以此处使用不定式形式作补语，且full restoration与finish为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式to be finished。故填to be finished。 重难·创新演练 设题创新: 挖掘工作的发现及推测(T1) 现代科技与考古(T2); 现代科技与古代农业(T3); 古老钢制针灸针(T4)；海洋探古(T5) 一、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境】The school administration hasn’t finalized the decision __________ the annual international cultural exchange week will be held—whether in October or November. 【答案】when 【解析】句意：学校行政部门尚未确定年度国际文化交流周的举办时间 —— 是十月还是十一月。先行名词为 “decision”（决定），从句缺少时间状语（需表达 “何时举办”），when 在此引导同位语从句，既充当从句的时间状语，又精准匹配句中 “十月或十一月” 的时间选择语境。 2．【新情境】When we come across such factual differences, we shouldn’t rush to the conclusion one of the news reports gives false information. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：当我们遇到这样的事实差异时，我们不应该急于得出其中一篇新闻报道提供了虚假信息的结论。引导同位语从句，说明conclusion的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导。故填that。 3．【新情境】Word came a new teaching building would be built in our school the next year. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：有消息说明年我们学校将建一座新的教学楼。空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明名词Word(消息)，且从句不缺少任何成分，句意完整，应用that引导，Word came that...固定句型，意为“有消息传来……”，故填that。 4．【新情境】He must answer the question he agrees with it or not. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：他必须回答他是否同意这个问题。空格处引导的是同位语从句，说明question的具体内容，由or not可知，空格处用whether，whether...or not是固定搭配，意为“是否”，表示“他必须回答他是否同意这个问题”。故填whether。 5.【新情境】There is no possibility we can get there on time, because the snow has held up our flight. 【答案】that 【解析】考查连词。句意：我们不可能按时到达那里，因为大雪延误了我们的航班。分析句子可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明“possibility”，且从句不缺成分。故填that。 6．【新情境】Parents can feel at ease in the knowledge their children are safe and taken good care of. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：父母得知他们的孩子是安全的并得到很好的照顾，感觉很放心。分析句意可知，“their children are safe and taken good care of”用来解释抽象名词“knowledge”，故是同位语从句，从句不缺成分，句意完整，故用that引导。故填that。 7.【新情境】The scholars are studying the phenomenon __________ young people are increasingly inclined to pursue freelance careers instead of traditional full - time jobs. 【答案】why 【解析】句意：学者们正在研究年轻人为何越来越倾向于从事自由职业而非传统全职工作这一现象。先行名词为 “phenomenon”（现象），从句缺少原因状语（需表达 “倾向自由职业的原因”），why 在此引导同位语从句，既充当从句的原因状语，又契合 “研究现象背后原因” 的学术语境。 8．【新情境】Giant pandas are seen as living proof conservation works, the numbers of which in the wild are recovering after years of decline. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：大熊猫被视为保护工作取得成果的活生生的证明，野生大熊猫的数量在多年的减少后正在恢复。空格处引导同位语从句解释说明名词proof，从句句意完整，成分齐全，应该用连接代词that引导同位语从句。故填that。 9.【新情境】The idea we should protect our cultural and natural heritages has won the approval of everyone. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：自然遗产是不可替代的这一事实引起了人们的关注。分析句子可知，空处引导同位语从句，从句“natural heritage is irreplaceable ”句意完整，成分齐全，用连词that，故填that。 10．【新情境】here seems to be no doubt they are going to do next. 【答案】what 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：他们下一步要做什么似乎是毫无疑问的。空格处引导同位语从句，从句中缺少宾语，此处表示“他们下一步要做什么似乎是毫无疑问的”，因此空格处用what引导同位语从句，故填what。 11．I have no idea   effective measures our school will take to strengthen our listening skills. 【答案】what 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道我们学校将采取什么有效措施来加强我们的听力技能。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导同位语从句，对idea解释说明，用连词what引导从句，意为“什么”。故填what。 12．We hadn’t settled the problem ________ would be sent to take charge of that chain shop. 【答案】who 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我们还没有决定派谁来管理那家连锁店的问题。空格处在此处引导同位语从句，该从句进一步解释说明problem的内容，指人，在从句中作主语用who。故填who。 13．You have no idea anxious I am now for her safety. 【答案】how 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：你不知道我现在有多担心她的安全。分析句子结构可知，本句为同位语从句。从句缺少方式状语，所以用连接副词how引导。根据句意，故填how。 14．There is still some doubt the autumn sports meet will be held in our school. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：秋季运动会是否会在我们学校举行仍然存在一些疑问。设空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明名词 doubt的具体内容。该从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语等主要成分，根据句意，表示“是否”用whether引导该同位语从句。故填whether。 15. I have no idea ______ book is mine. 【答案】 whose 【解析】 考查连接代词。同位语从句中缺少定语，表“谁的书”，whose后接名词book，表所属关系，同位词是idea，故填whose。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·挖掘工作的发现及推测】 During the dig outside the city walls, 1 (researcher) came across thirty to forty bodies 2 (lie) one on top of another. They had been 3 (murder). The men dug with great care, trying not to disturb the evidence of what had happened. Everyone was 4 (curiosity) as to why all these people had been killed at 5 same time. Was it just a coincidence? Deep in the ground below the bodies, they found a tomb made 6 stone. It contained many valuable things, including much gold 7 many jewels. Inside it lay the body of a man that was well-preserved. It was the fact 8 the man had been a king. This explained why the other bodies were there. The workers who had built the tomb were killed 9 (short) after the king had died, in order to keep the tomb a secret, and to make 10 (they) companions for him in death. 【答案】 1．researchers 2．lying 3．murdered 4．curious 5．the 6．of 7．and 8．that 9．shortly 10．them 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是一次在城市城墙外进行的挖掘工作的发现及推测。 1．考查名词的复数。句意：在城墙外的挖掘过程中，研究人员发现了30到40具尸体，一具盖着另一具。researcher是可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数，作主语，故填researchers。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：在城墙外的挖掘过程中，研究人员发现了30到40具尸体，一具盖着另一具。句中谓语是came，空格处用非谓语动词，bodies和lie之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词lying表主动，作后置定语，故填lying。 3．考查被动语态。句意：他们是被谋杀的。murder与主语之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，空前有had been，空格处用过去分词，故填murdered。 4．考查形容词。句意：每个人都很好奇为什么所有这些人在同一时间被杀害。空格处用形容词curious作表语，curious意为“好奇的”，故填curious。 5．考查定冠词。句意：每个人都很好奇为什么所有这些人在同一时间被杀害。at the same time是固定短语，意为“在同一时间”，故填the。 6．考查介词。句意：在尸体下面的地下深处，他们发现了一座石砌的坟墓。be made of意为“由……做成”，此处是指能看见原材料的“由……做成”，故填of。 7．考查连词。句意：里面有许多贵重的东西，包括许多黄金和珠宝。much gold和many jewels之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用and表并列，故填and。 8．考查同位语从句。句意：很明显，这个人曾经是个国王。It was clear that...是固定句型，意为“很明显”，that修饰前面的抽象名词，故填that。 9．考查副词。句意：建造陵墓的工人们在国王死后不久就被杀害了，目的是为了保守陵墓的秘密，并使他们成为国王死后的伴侣。shortly after是固定短语，意为“不久之后”，副词修饰介词短语，故填shortly。 10．考查代词。句意：建造陵墓的工人们在国王死后不久就被杀害了，目的是为了保守陵墓的秘密，并使他们成为国王死后的伴侣。根据语境可知，此处表示“使他们成为国王死后的伴侣”，空格处用代词的宾格them作宾语，故填them。 Passage 2 【新情境·现代科技与考古】 Modern technology is very important for protecting, digging up and studying the Liangzhu Archaeological (考古) Ruins in Zhejiang Province. A recent big discovery here shows this clearly — archaeologists found the evidence 1 a wall-like structure was outside the ancient city. Archaeologists say it might be a royal mausoleum (陵墓). If true, it could be one of China’s 2 (early) royal burial sites and make the country’s mausoleum history thousands of years older. This discovery mostly comes from an “air-sky-land-digital” method 3 (create) by Wang Ningyuan’s team. The method uses drones (无人机) (air), satellite pictures (sky), traditional fieldwork (land) and digital mapping (digital). This technology has brought great findings. It helped find the outer city in 2009, a dam system in 2011, and more dams between 2021 and 2024, 4 ultimately revealed the comprehensive structure of the Liangzhu water management system. Over the past few years, based on these discoveries, archaeologists 5 (piece) together how Liangzhu’s ancestors grew from small settlements into a great city-state. “Modern technological approaches have enabled the 6 (identify) of various functional structures that traditional methods could not detect, significantly 7 (reshape) our understanding of Liangzhu as an early state society,” Wang said. The application of technology extends beyond discovery 8 preservation and protection. Tiger Ridge Dam, a big white shell envelops the 5,000-year-old structure. Inside, tools monitor temperature and water levels, 9 an automatic system fixes problems 10 (efficient). Across the 162-square-kilometer site, cameras and underground sensors form an intelligent monitoring network. 【答案】 1．that 2．earliest 3．created 4．which 5．have pieced 6．identification 7．reshaping 8．to 9．and 10．efficiently 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现代科技在良渚考古遗址保护、发掘和研究中的重要作用。 1．考查同位语从句。句意：最近的一项重大发现清楚地表明了这一点——考古学家在这座古城外发现了一座类似城墙的结构。故填that。 2．考查形容词最高级。句意：如果这是真的，它可能是中国最早的皇家墓地之一，使中国的陵墓历史提前数千年。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，所以此处用形容词最高级earliest。故填earliest。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发现主要来自王宁远团队创造的“空一天一地一数”方法。本句已有谓语comes，所以空处需用非谓语动词，method和create之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词created作后置定语修饰method。故填created。 4．考查定语从句。句意：它帮助在2009年发现了外城，2011年发现了水坝系统，2021年至2024年发现了更多的水坝，最终揭示了良渚水管理系统的综合结构。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 5．考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，基于这些发现，考古学家们拼凑出了良渚的祖先是如何从小型定居点发展成为一个伟大的城邦的。根据时间状语Over the past few years可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has done，主语是复数archaeologists，所以助动词用have。故填have pieced。 6．考查名词。句意：王说：“现代技术方法使我们能够识别传统方法无法检测到的各种功能结构，极大地重塑了我们对良渚作为一个早期国家社会的理解。”空处需用动词identify的名词identification作动词enable的宾语。故填identification。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句已有谓语have enabled，所以空处需用非谓语动词作结果状语，此处表示一种自然的结果，所以空处用现在分词reshaping。故填reshaping。 8．考查介词。句意：技术的应用不仅限于发现，还延伸到保存和保护。extend beyond...to...表示“超出……延伸到……”，所以空处需用介词to。故填to。 9．考查连词。句意：在里面，工具监测温度和水位，自动系统有效地解决问题。根据空前后句意可知，此处前后句之间表示并列关系，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。 10．考查副词。句意同上。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词fixes，efficient的副词为efficiently“有效地”。故填efficiently。 Passage 3 【新情境·现代科技与古代农业】 In the heartland of China, near a 4,500-year-old farmland, a team of agricultural scientists is modernizing 1 ancient practice. They are using big data analytics and AI models 2 (improve) the output of a specific plot of land. At the experimental field near the Baodun Site, 3 evidence of ancient rice cultivation was found, researchers from Sichuan Agricultural University are using AI-powered models to evaluate the result of different hybrid rice 4 (variety). The modern research method has greatly saved time, 5 the conventional approach, which would require waiting until the harvest season of a certain rice hybrid, researchers said. Chinese archaeologists have unearthed carbonized rice at the Baodun site, a walled settlement 6 (date) from 4,500 to 4,200 years back. This late Neolithic culture emerging on the Chengdu Plain in southwestern China, bears witness 7 the agricultural dawn of ancient Chinese civilization. Today, the site’s agricultural values, and also archaeological and 8 (economy) values are being explored and expanded by technological means. In a nearby lab, researchers are constructing a 3D image of the site to study the impact of ancient floods and to understand the way 9 the special structures may have contributed to the wealth of the plain. In addition to rice cultivation, silk-weaving, another ancient invention that originated at the Chengdu Plain, 10 (receive) a modern technological boost to date. 【答案】 1．the 2．to improve 3．where 4．varieties 5．unlike 6．dating 7．to 8．economic 9．how 10．has received 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文聚焦中国四川省宝墩遗址附近的现代农业科研实践，展现了中国现代科技与古代农业文明的深度融合。 1．考查冠词。句意：在中国的腹地，靠近一块有着4500年历史的农田的地方，一支农业科学家团队正在对这种古老的种植方式进行现代化改造。此处“ancient practice”是特指与4500年土地相关的农耕实践，用定冠词the。故填the。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们正在利用大数据分析和人工智能模型来提高某一特定地块的产出。use sth. to do sth.为固定结构，意为“使用……来做……”，此处需用不定式表目的。故填to improve。 3．考查定语从句。句意：在宝墩遗址附近的实验田里（此处发现了古代水稻种植的证据），四川农业大学的研究人员正运用人工智能驱动的模型，评估不同杂交水稻品种的种植效果。此处引导定语从句，修饰“the experimental field”，意为“在该试验田中”，从句缺地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 4．考查名词。句意：在宝墩遗址附近的实验田里（此处发现了古代水稻种植的证据），四川农业大学的研究人员正运用人工智能驱动的模型，评估不同杂交水稻品种的种植效果。different后应接可数名词复数，variety需变为varieties。故填varieties。 5．考查介词。句意：研究人员表示，现代研究方法大大节省了时间，而传统方法则需要等到某种水稻杂交品种的收获季节才能进行研究。表示“不像”用介词unlike。故填unlike。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国考古学家在宝墩遗址发现了碳化的稻谷。该遗址是一座建有围墙的村落，其历史可追溯至 4500 至 4200 年前。此处作后置定语，修饰settlement，意为“可追溯至……”，用现在分词。故填dating。 7．考查介词。句意：这种出现在中国西南部成都平原的晚期新石器时代文化，见证了中国古代文明的农业起源。bear witness to为固定搭配，意为“见证”。故填to。 8．考查形容词。句意：如今，该遗址的农业价值、考古价值以及经济价值正通过技术手段得到进一步的发掘和拓展。此处与archaeological(考古的)并列，修饰values(价值)，需用形容词economic(经济的)。故填economic。 9．考查同位语从句。句意：在附近的一个实验室里，研究人员正在构建该遗址的三维图像，以研究古代洪水的影响，并了解这些特殊的建筑结构是如何为这片平原的繁荣做出贡献的。此处同位语宾语从句，故填how。 10．考查时态语态。句意：除了水稻种植之外，起源于成都平原的另一项古老发明——丝绸制造，如今也得到了现代技术的推动。时间状语 to date(至今)表示动作从过去持续至今，需用现在完成时；主语silk-weaving为单数形式，助动词用has。故用has received。 Passage 4 【新情境·古老钢制针灸针】 Archaeologists (考古学家) investigating the tomb of the Marquis of Haihun in east China’s Jiangxi Province discovered the world’s 1 (old) steel acupuncture (针灸) needles. The delicate needles dating back to the time of the Western Han Dynasty 2 (find) within a jade tube initially. A wooden label lying nearby 3 (mark) with the words “Nine Needles Complete” confirms their identification, as ancient Chinese medical texts recommend the use of nine different needles during acupuncture. Each needle 4 (measure) 0.3 to 0.5 millimeters in diameter. Yang, leader of team noted that they were likely wrapped in cloth prior to 5 (place) in the jade tube, a practice that ensured cleanliness and safe handling. Analysis indicated that the needles were made from steel created with an advanced technique known 6 the “frying” process, allowing for their extraordinary   7 (thin). It was essential that the medical instruments be made from steel, since gold and silver are too soft, 8 iron rusts (生锈) too easily, which could cause infection. This breakthrough in material science directly fueled the evolution of acupuncture tools and the progress of medical practice itself. The discovery represents the wisdom and precision with 9 ancient physicians practiced their healing art, a legacy 10 continues to inspire traditional medicine today. 【答案】 1．oldest 2．were found 3．marked 4．measures 5．being placed 6．as 7．thinness 8．and 9．which 10．a 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国江西海昏侯墓中出土的世界最古老钢制针灸针及其历史和医学价值。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：在中国东部江西省海昏侯墓进行考古调查的考古学家们，发现了世界上最古老的钢制针灸针。空格前有定冠词the，且范围是the world’s（世界上的），表示三者及以上的比较，要用形容词的最高级形式。old的最高级为oldest。故填oldest。 2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这些可追溯至西汉时期的精美银针，最初是在一个玉管内被发现的。句子主语The delicate needles和动词find之间是被动关系，且“发现”这个动作发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用were。故填were found。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：旁边放置的一块木牌上刻有“九针齐全”字样，这证实了它们的属性，因为中国古代医学文献记载针灸时会用到九种不同的针具。句子已有谓语动词confirms，且空格前无连词，此处mark应用非谓语形式。逻辑主语A wooden label和mark之间是被动关系，要用过去分词作后置定语。故填marked。 4．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每根针的直径为0.3至0.5毫米。此处measure表示“（某物的）尺寸为……”，是不及物动词，没有被动语态。句子描述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时，主语Each needle是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填measures。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：考古队领队杨先生指出，这些针在放入玉管之前，很可能是用布包裹着的，这种做法确保了针具的洁净和安全存放。prior to是介词短语，意为“在……之前”，后接动词时，要用动名词形式，且place和逻辑主语they（指代针）之间为被动关系，故应用动名词的被动式being done。故填being placed。 6．考查介词。句意：分析表明，这些针是由采用了一种名为“炒钢法”的先进工艺制成的钢材打造而成，这种工艺让针具变得极其纤细。固定搭配be known as意为“被称为；被认为是”，符合语境。故填as。 7．考查名词。句意：分析表明，这些针是由采用了一种名为“炒钢法”的先进工艺制成的钢材打造而成，这种工艺让针具变得极其纤细。空格前有形容词extraordinary修饰，且作动词allowing的宾语，要用名词形式。thin的名词为 thinness，是不可数名词。故填thinness。 8．考查连词。句意：这些医疗器械必须用钢材制成，因为黄金和白银质地太软，铁又极易生锈，这可能会引发感染。空格前后是两个并列的原因状语从句，对比了金、银和铁的缺点，要用并列连词and连接。故填and。 9．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这一发现彰显了古代医师们行医时所秉持的智慧与严谨，这一宝贵遗产至今仍在激励着传统医学的发展。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the wisdom and precision，指物，且关系代词前有介词with，要用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 10．考查同位语从句。句意：这一发现彰显了古代医师们行医时所秉持的智慧与严谨，这一宝贵遗产至今仍在激励着传统医学的发展。legacy意为“遗产”，故填that。 Passage 5 【新情境·海洋探古】 On Monday, the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing 1 (reveal) that archaeologists (考古学家) had discovered two sunken ships in the depths of the South China Sea. It offered tangible evidence of commercial and 2 (culture) exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road. The latest underwater archaeological 3 (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology have 4 (significant) uncovered important artifacts. Besides the shipwrecks  (沉船), various artifacts have been unearthed, most of 5 were made in kiln (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital”. The precise locations of  the shipwrecks and the cultural relics 6 (associate) with them were found through the use of oceanographic technology and underwater investigations involving manned submarines, which conducted 41 dives throughout the year, as confirmed by Song Jianzhong, 7 researcher at the National Center for Archaeology. The Ming Dynasty’s No. 1 shipwreck, 8 (measure) 37 meters long and 11 meters wide, has produced 543 artifacts, suggesting it sailed 9 Fujian or Guangdong to Southeast Asia trade centers like Malacca. The No. 2 shipwreck 10 (date) from the rule of Emperor Hongzhi and measures about 21 meters long and 8 meters wide. A total of 36 artifacts have been found on it, porcelain and pottery included. 【答案】 1．revealed 2．cultural 3．explorations 4．significantly 5．which 6．associated 7．a 8．measuring 9．from 10．dates 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文中报道了国家文物局公布南海发现两艘明代沉船，借助海洋科技探明位置，出水含景德镇瓷器在内的多件文物，为古代海上丝绸之路的商贸文化交流提供了实证。 1．考查时态。句意：周一，北京的国家文物局宣布，考古学家在南海深处发现了两艘沉船。根据上文On Monday可知为一般过去时。故填revealed。 2．考查形容词。句意：它为古代海上丝绸之路沿线的商业和文化交流提供了切实的证据。修饰名词exchanges用形容词cultural。故填cultural。 3．考查名词。句意：国家考古中心最近进行的水下考古探索工作取得了重大成果，成功发掘出了许多珍贵的文物。作主语用名词exploration，结合后文have可知为复数。故填explorations。 4．考查副词。句意：国家考古中心最近进行的水下考古探索工作取得了重大成果，成功发掘出了许多珍贵的文物。修饰动词uncovered用副词significantly。故填significantly。 5．考查定语从句。句意：除了沉船遗物之外，还出土了各种各样的文物，其中大部分是产自江西省景德镇的窑炉所烧制的瓷器，景德镇被誉为中国的“瓷都”。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词shipwrecks，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。 6．考查定语从句。句意：通过运用海洋学技术以及包括有人驾驶潜艇在内的水下调查手段，人们找到了这些沉船的具体位置以及与之相关的文物所在之处，据国家考古中心的研究员宋建中介绍，该调查行动全年共进行了 41 次潜水。短语be associated with表示“与……联系”，此处过去分词作定语。故填associated。 7．考查冠词。句意：通过运用海洋学技术以及包括有人驾驶潜艇在内的水下调查手段，人们找到了这些沉船的具体位置以及与之相关的文物所在之处，据国家考古中心的研究员宋建中介绍，该调查行动全年共进行了 41 次潜水。此处researcher为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：明朝第一艘沉船长37米、宽11米，共出土543件文物，这表明该船是从福建或广东启航，前往马六甲等东南亚贸易中心的。此处measure与shipwreck构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填measuring。 9．考查介词。句意：明朝第一艘沉船长37米、宽11米，共出土543件文物，这表明该船是从福建或广东启航，前往马六甲等东南亚贸易中心的。短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。 10．考查时态。句意：第二艘沉船的年代可追溯至弘治皇帝统治时期，其长度约为21米，宽度约为8米。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为shipwreck，谓语用三单形式。故填dates。 真题·实战演练 高频考点：同位语从句的连接词，连接代词的用法，连接副词的用法，同位语从句的常用句型，同位语从句的虚拟语气，易混连接词，同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1．(2026·湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校高三月考)This criticism is partly attributed to the reality ________ substantial crop volumes are now diverted toward energy production instead of food supplies. 【答案】that 【解析】设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词reality 的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。 2．(2026·天津市自立中学高三月考)It is a fact ________ the ancient city was once a thriving centre of trade. 【答案】that 【解析】设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容，从句不缺成分且意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。 3．(2026·湖北部分学校高三月考)The king of Benares received news one day ________ a group of outlaws were committing outrages (严重的违法行为) on a distant border of the kingdom. 【答案】that 【解析】设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词news的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分或含义，应用that引导。故填that。 4．（2026·福建省厦门双十中学高三开学）There is some doubt among people $749 is too much for a mobile phone. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：人们对749美元买一部手机是否太贵有些怀疑。空处引导同位语从句对名词doubt进行解释，结合句意，表示“是否”应用连接词whether。故填whether。 5．To deal with the problem drivers may fall asleep halfway in traffic jams during peak travel hours, wake-up call services from drones have been introduced. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：为了解决司机在高峰出行时段交通拥堵时可能半路睡着的问题，引入了无人机叫醒服务。设空处引导同位语从句对名词the problem的具体解释说明，且从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实义的that引导。故填that。 6 / 24网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $