精品解析：山西省榆次第一中学校2025-2026学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

榆次一中高一年级第二学期期末考试 英语试题 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 1. 本试卷分第I卷 (选择题) 和第II卷 (非选择题) 两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Health problems. B. A concert they attended. C. The arrangement of the seats. 2. Where does this conversation most likely take place? A. At a laundry. B. At a tailor’s shop. C. At a clothing store. 3. Why is the man tired? A. He couldn’t fall asleep. B. He studied late for a test. C. He worked out too much. 4. What will the speakers probably do on Saturday? A. Watch a movie. B. Go to library. C. Visit a museum. 5. What can we learn about the man? A. He didn’t prepare well. B. He gave a good presentation. C. He helped the woman with her talk. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does the boy want to do? A. Buy a book. B. Borrow a book. C. Return a book. 7. What should the boy do if he needs the book longer? A. Renew it online. B. Call the librarian. C. Go back to the library. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What is the man trying to do? A. Eat more fruits. B. Lose weight quickly. C. Follow a healthier diet. 9. What does the man suggest at the end? A. To avoid eating fries at lunch. B. To eat more vegetables in the evening. C. To try the salad with chicken and avocado. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. What are the two speakers discussing? A. A school event. B. Their group presentation. C. A homework assignment. 11. What topic did the two speakers choose? A. Teenagers and social media. B. The effects of mobile games. C. How to improve study habits. 12. What will the man do tonight? A. Practice his part. B. Create the slides. C. Search for pictures. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. What is the woman? A. A waitress. B. A hotel manager. C. A receptionist. 14. What drink does the man order? A. Coke. B. A glass of milk. C. Some orange juice. 15. Which room is the man in? A. 614. B. 640. C. 644. 16. When will the man probably get his food? A. 7:00. B. 7:15. C. 7:30. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What is the purpose of Green Week? A. To train student leaders. B. To promote school events. C. To raise environmental awareness. 18. What will happen on Tuesday? A. A “No Plastic Day.” B. A poster-making class. C. A tree-planting activity. 19. Where will the recycling competition be held? A. In the library. B. In the school yard. C. In the school hall. 20. What are students asked to do by Friday? A. Submit a speech. B. Design a poster. C. Sign up for activities. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分60分) 第一节 (共15小题：每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Looking to spot a shooting star? These top stargazing destinations offer the perfect backdrop. Bring your family along and introduce them to the spectacular night sky. Here are four places to experience a star-filled landscape. Sossusvlei, Namibia Stay at Little Kulala, an eco-friendly hotel in the desert. It uses solar power and is located in the large Kulala Wilderness Reserve. You can ride in a Land Rover to look for animals such as springbok, ostrich and oryx. You can also take a hot-air balloon to see the Namib Desert, which is the oldest desert in the world. After a day of exploring, relax in your small private pool. At night, you can even sleep on the rooftop and watch shooting stars and the Milky Way above you. Death Valley National Park, California Death Valley National Park covers 3.4 million acres. Its clean air and large open spaces make it a wonderful place to watch shooting stars, meteor showers, and many constellations. People in the area work hard to reduce light pollution so the night sky stays dark. In winter, park rangers offer programs that teach visitors about stars and space. Rome, Italy For a fun family activity, visit Sofitel Roma Villa Borghese for an evening picnic and stargazing. You can learn about constellations and planets that were named by ancient Roman astronomers. The hotel is in a former 19th-century palace and is close to famous cultural sites and parks in the city. Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah This park has some of the darkest skies in the United States. It was the first place to receive the International Dark Sky Park certification. Huge natural stone bridges create beautiful “windows” where you can look through to see the stars, just like the Pueblo people did 800 years ago. One of the most amazing views is the Milky Way rising above Owachomo Bridge. 1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Sossusvlei, Namibia? A. It boasts the largest desert in the world. B. The hotel there offers bedrooms for stargazing. C. Tourists can catch sight of all kinds of wild animals there. D. Tourists have the chance to view the desert from various angles. 2. What can be inferred about Natural Bridges National Monument as a stargazing site? A. Educational programs about stars and space are available. B. The natural rock formations enhance the viewing experience. C. The locals have made huge efforts to preserve the dark nights. D. It is the only place to hold the International Dark Sky Park certification. 3. A family who wants both cultural sightseeing during the day and stargazing at night would most likely choose ________. A. Sossusvlei, Namibia B. Death Valley National Park, California C. Rome, Italy D. Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了四个适合家庭观星旅游的最佳目的地及其特色。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sossusvlei, Namibia标题下“You can ride in a Land Rover to look for animals such as springbok, ostrich and oryx. You can also take a hot-air balloon to see the Namib Desert, which is the oldest desert in the world.(你可以乘坐路虎寻找跳羚、鸵鸟和羚羊等动物。您还可以乘坐热气球游览纳米布沙漠，这是世界上最古老的沙漠)”可知，游客可以通过多种方式观赏沙漠，即从不同角度欣赏。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah标题下“Huge natural stone bridges create beautiful “windows” where you can look through to see the stars, just like the Pueblo people did 800 years ago.(巨大的天然石桥创造了美丽的“窗户”，你可以透过窗户看到星星，就像800年前的普韦布洛人一样)”可知，天然石桥形成了美丽的“窗户”供游客透过观赏星星，由此可推断天然岩石构造增强了观星体验。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Rome, Italy标题下“The hotel is in a former 19th-century palace and is close to famous cultural sites and parks in the city.(酒店位于一座19世纪的宫殿中，靠近城市中著名的文化景点和公园)”以及“For a fun family activity, visit Sofitel Roma Villa Borghese for an evening picnic and stargazing.(作为一个有趣的家庭活动，可以去Sofitel Roma Villa Borghese野餐和观星)”可知，罗马既有著名文化景点供白天游览，又有晚间观星活动，最符合需求。 B Charles Robert Darwin was born on 12 February 1809 in Shropshire, England. Darwin’s childhood passion was science, and his interest in chemistry, however, was clear; he was even nicknamed ‘Gas’ by his classmates. In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. Darwin became passionate about natural history and this became his focus while he studied at Cambridge. Darwin went on a voyage together with Robert Fitzroy, the captain of HMS Beagle, to South America to facilitate British trade in Patagonia. The journey was life-changing. Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. Darwin’s work convinced him that natural selection was key to understanding the development of the natural world. The theory of natural selection says that individuals of a species are more likely to survive when they inherit (经遗传获得) characteristics best suited for that specific environment. These features then become more widespread and can lead eventually to the development of a new species. With natural selection, Darwin argued how a wide variety of life forms developed over time from a single common ancestor. Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, in 1839. When Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died from a sudden illness in 1851, he lost his belief in God. His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species. Darwin had previously thought that species remained adapted until the environment changed; he now believed that every new variation was imperfect and that a struggle to survive was what drove species to adapt. Though rejected at the beginning, Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is nowadays well accepted by the scientific community as the best evidence-based explanation for the diversity and complexity of life on Earth. The Natural History Museum’s library alone has 478 editions of his On the Origin of Species in 38 languages. 4. What made Darwin reconsider the origin and development of species? A. Examining plants and animals collected. B. His desire for a voyage to different continents. C. Classifying samples in a journey to South America. D. His passion for natural history at Edinburgh University. 5. We can learn from paragraphs 1 to 3 that Darwin ________. A. used natural selection to develop new species B. enjoyed being called nicknames related to science C. learned some knowledge about plants when studying medicine D. argued with others over the diversity of life forms for a long period 6. Which of the following changed Darwin’s view on the human species? A. That he had ten children in all. B. His youngest son’s being disabled. C. That he lost his eldest daughter. D. His marriage with Emma Wedgwood. 7. This passage is mainly about ________. A. Darwin’s passion for medical science B. Darwin’s theory and experiments C. Charles Darwin’s changing interest D. Charles Darwin’s life and work 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇人物传记，讲述了查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文的生平、科学兴趣、重要理论以及他的个人生活。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句“Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. ”（达尔文对所收集的植物和动物的分析使他开始质疑过去关于物种如何形成和随时间演化的解释。）可知，达尔文对所收集的植物和动物的分析使他对物种的起源和发展产生质疑和重新审议。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句“In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. ”（1825年，他的父亲送他去爱丁堡大学学医，在那里他学会了如何对植物进行分类。）可推断，达尔文在学医时候了解到了关于植物的知识。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句和三句“His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species. ”（他的第十个也是最后一个孩子查尔斯·沃林·达尔文于1856年出生。对达尔文来说，这个婴儿是残疾的，这改变了达尔文对人类物种的看法。）可知，达尔文最小的孩子的先天残疾使达尔文改变了人类物种的看法。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章前三段主要讲述了查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文的生平、学业经历、科学兴趣对其理论形成和发展的影响。第四段讲述了他的家庭和个人生活、最后一段讲述了达尔文理论的地位和影响。因此，文章主要讲述了达尔文的生活和工作。故选D项。 C Those who had the pleasure of watching Benny Goodman at work saw a rather ordinary-looking man in rimless glasses and a conservative business suit; but they also saw a human being who could play the clarinet(单簧管) like no one before or since. This made Benny Goodman a unique individual. Other Americans who have stood out from the flock include Joe DiMaggio, Beverly Sill, Ernest Hemingway and Jonas Salk. They, like Benny Goodman, were recognized and honored for no other reason than excellence. It is doing something better than other people that makes us unique. Yet a surprising number of people still see individuality as a surface thing. They wear garish clothes, dye their hair strange colors and decorate their skin with tattoos to make some kind of social statement. But an ordinary guy who has dyed his hair purple or orange is nothing more than the same person with a funny-looking head. The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. Those who invent, who improvise(即兴发挥), who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn’t work and make it work––these people are the very soul of capitalism. Charles Kettering didn’t like the idea of cranking a car to make it start, so he invented the electric starter. Henry Ford figured out the assembly-line technique and made it possible to mass-produce automobiles, and Elisha Otis, inventor of the elevator, indirectly created the city sky-line. These people understood that individualism means working at the top of one’s capacity. The ones with the purple hair and the funky jewelry are just along for the ride, trying to be “different” and not knowing how to go about it. The student who earns straight A’s on his report card has grasped the idea and has found the real meaning of individuality. So has the youngster who has designed his own spaceship, who gives piano recitals, who paints pictures of the world around him. Benny Goodman understood it too. This is why he was at his best, blowing his clarinet, in a blue suit and black shoes. 8. The author mentions the appearance of Benny Goodman to _________. A. show what a talented musician should look like B. introduce an important figure in the musical world C. contrast with his talent in music performance D. indicate that he can’t stand out from the flock 9. The author would most probably agree that _________. A. an individualist tends to seek difference both in character and appearance B. the essence of individualism lies in pursuing excellence to the full C. being different in appearance is the very first step to being individual D. those who strive to win the recognition of others are real individualists 10. According to the passage, which individual’s actions may not truly embody the essence of individualism? A. A scientist who conducts research solely advancing knowledge for the greater good rather than for personal recognition. B. A social media influencer who conforms to popular opinions to maintain a large following. C. An artist who creates unique works but fail to gain fame and recognition from others. D. An entrepreneur who prioritizes ethical considerations over profit in his business practices. 11. For the main thread, the article is organized by way of __________. A. specific to general B. cause and effect C. examples and conclusion D. comparison and contrast 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是个人主义，个人主义有什么特点。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Those who had the pleasure of watching Benny Goodman at work saw a rather ordinary-looking man in rimless glasses and a conservative business suit; but they also saw a human being who could play the clarinet(单簧管) like no one before or since. This made Benny Goodman a unique individual. (那些有幸观看本尼·古德曼工作的人看到的是一个相当普通的人，戴着无框眼镜，穿着保守的西装;但他们也看到了一个能演奏单簧管的人，在这之前和之后都没有人能做到。这使本尼·古德曼成为一个独特的个体。)”可知，作者提到本尼·古德曼的外表与他在音乐表演方面的天赋形成对比。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. Those who invent, who improvise(即兴发挥), who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn’t work and make it work—these people are the very soul of capitalism. (个性的全部目的就是追求卓越。那些发明创造，即兴发挥，比别人更了解一个主题，并采取无效的东西，并使其发挥作用的人-这些人是资本主义的灵魂。)”可知，作者可能同意个人主义的本质在于追求卓越。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Charles Kettering didn’t like the idea of cranking a car to make it start, so he invented the electric starter. Henry Ford figured out the assembly-line technique and made it possible to mass-produce automobiles, and Elisha Otis, inventor of the elevator, indirectly created the city sky-line. These people understood that individualism means working at the top of one’s capacity. (查尔斯·凯特林不喜欢用曲棍发动汽车，所以他发明了电动启动器。亨利·福特发明了装配线技术，使大规模生产汽车成为可能，而电梯的发明者伊莱沙·奥蒂斯间接地创造了城市的天际线。这些人明白，个人主义意味着尽自己最大的努力工作。)”可知，一个符合大众观点保持大量追随者的社交媒体影响者不能真正体现个人主义的本质。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Those who had the pleasure of watching Benny Goodman at work saw a rather ordinary-looking man in rimless glasses and a conservative business suit; but they also saw a human being who could play the clarinet(单簧管) like no one before or since. This made Benny Goodman a unique individual. (那些有幸观看本尼·古德曼工作的人看到的是一个相当普通的人，戴着无框眼镜，穿着保守的西装;但他们也看到了一个能演奏单簧管的人，在这之前和之后都没有人能做到。这使本尼·古德曼成为一个独特的个体。)”和第三段“It is doing something better than other people that makes us unique. Yet a surprising number of people still see individuality as a surface thing. They wear garish clothes, dye their hair strange colors and decorate their skin with tattoos to make some kind of social statement. But an ordinary guy who has dyed his hair purple or orange is nothing more than the same person with a funny-looking head. (比别人做得更好让我们与众不同。然而，令人惊讶的是，仍有相当多的人认为个性只是表面现象。他们穿着花哨的衣服，把头发染成奇怪的颜色，用纹身装饰自己的皮肤，以表达某种社会声明。但是一个把头发染成紫色或橙色的普通人只不过是一个长着滑稽脑袋的人。)”可知，本文主要采用比较和对比的方式进行组织。故选D。 D Stanford researchers have discovered an exciting new way to treat wastewater that could help solve two big problems at once — water shortages and waste of valuable resources. Instead of just cleaning dirty water and throwing away the removed pollutants, their system turns wastewater into both drinkable water and useful materials. With experts predicting that the world will need 40% more clean water than it has by 2030, this technology is timely. The researchers have been particularly focused on dealing with “forever chemicals” — pollutants that add up in water supplies and are very difficult to remove. The researchers have developed new resins (树脂) with upgraded selectivity. Unlike traditional water treatment resins, these can specifically target and trap harmful chemicals while recovering valuable materials. This turns the treatment process from a cost into a potential money-maker. One of the biggest advantages of this system is that it can be easily integrated into current water treatment plants. The improved resins can potentially be added to existing facilities without requiring big changes. This makes the process more practical and affordable for cities and towns. The researchers see this as more than just a better water filter (过滤). They picture wastewater treatment plants becoming resource recovery centers that produce clean water while also supplying valuable materials to farmers and industries. As one scientist put it, this approach turns wastewater from being just a problem to solve into an opportunity - helping the environment while potentially creating new business possibilities. This invention could be especially important for areas facing water shortages, offering a way to get more clean water while making the treatment process more cost-effective and economically sustainable (可持续的). By recovering useful resources instead of just getting rid of them, the system represents a smarter way to handle our water needs in the future. 12. What is the main advantage of the new technology? A. It reduces the cost of building new factories. B. It cleans water and recovers useful materials. C. It helps scientists study “forever chemicals”. D. It transports treated water into cities and towns. 13. Which aspect of the technology is mainly talked about in paragraph 3? A. Its working process. B. Its historical background. C. Its potential applications. D. Its targeted problems. 14. Why is the technology practical for current plants? A. It removes all chemicals in one step. B. It is cheaper than traditional methods. C. It increases water usage by 40%. D. It fits the existing systems easily. 15. What is the author’s attitude toward the new technology? A. Doubtful. B. Hopeful. C. Uninterested. D. Worried. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学研究人员发现的一种新型废水处理方法，该方法能将废水转化为饮用水和有用材料，同时解决水资源短缺和宝贵资源浪费这两个问题。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead of just cleaning dirty water and throwing away the removed pollutants, their system turns wastewater into both drinkable water and useful materials. (他们的系统不是仅仅清洁脏水并扔掉去除的污染物，而是将废水转化为可饮用的水和有用的材料)”可知，新技术的主要优势是既能清洁水又能回收有用的材料。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers have developed new resins (树脂) with upgraded selectivity. Unlike traditional water treatment resins, these can specifically target and trap harmful chemicals while recovering valuable materials. This turns the treatment process from a cost into a potential money-maker. (研究人员开发出了具有更高选择性的新型树脂。与传统的水处理树脂不同，这些树脂能够特异性地靶向并捕获有害化学物质，同时回收有价值的材料。这使得处理过程从成本支出转变为潜在的盈利来源)”可知，本段主要介绍了新技术能针对性捕获有害化学物质并回收有价值材料，从而将处理过程从成本转化为潜在盈利点，这是在介绍该技术针对的问题及解决方式。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“One of the biggest advantages of this system is that it can be easily integrated into current water treatment plants. The improved resins can potentially be added to existing facilities without requiring big changes. This makes the process more practical and affordable for cities and towns. (该系统最大的优势之一在于，它能够轻松整合到现有的污水处理厂中。改良后的树脂有可能添加到现有设施中，而无需进行大规模改动。这使得该工艺对于城镇来说更加实用且经济可行)”可知，该技术对现有工厂实用是因为它能轻松融入现有系统，无需大的改动。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This invention could be especially important for areas facing water shortages, offering a way to get more clean water while making the treatment process more cost-effective and economically sustainable (可持续的). By recovering useful resources instead of just getting rid of them, the system represents a smarter way to handle our water needs in the future. (这项发明对于面临水资源短缺的地区可能尤为重要，它提供了一种获得更多清洁水的方法，同时使处理过程更具成本效益和经济可持续性。通过回收有用的资源而不是仅仅处理掉它们，该系统代表了一种更明智的处理未来水资源需求的方式)”可知，作者认为这项发明对于面临水资源短缺的地区可能尤为重要，它提供了一种更明智的处理未来水资源需求的方式。由此推知，作者对这项新技术持乐观态度。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题：每小题3分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文之后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It is natural to compare ourselves with others and to get caught in a mental comparison cycle, yet this is seldom beneficial. You may have heard the expression, “Comparison is the thief of joy.” ____16____ Comparison not only robs us of joy, but it can also fuel self-criticism and a lack of self-acceptance. ____17____ “I am not as successful and competent as they are.” “Why don’t I have what they have?” We use comparison as a way of self-criticism, which prevents self-acceptance. Another issue with comparison is that it causes unrealistic expectations. When we compare ourselves to others, we often overlook the context of their journey. We see the success, but not the failures, sacrifices or struggles. ____18____ But in reality, no one’s life is without difficulties, and by focusing on someone else’s highlights, we’re ignoring the complexity of our own story. Comparison may secretly play tricks on us. If we meet expectations, lose weight, or get a promotion, we will feel better, calmer, and stop comparing ourselves. This may be temporarily true. ____19____ We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not meeting, leaving us feeling worse once again. Let go of the idea that you need to compete with others. Life is not a race, and there is no finish line you must cross to prove your worth. Instead of comparing, try to celebrate others’ successes and use them as inspiration for your own journey. ____20____ Not just for yourself, but for those around you. A. Yet comparison is an endless process. B. Comparison lowers your sense of security. C. So what can we do to break free from comparison? D. Typically, it leads to perceiving others as superior to us. E. By doing so, you create an environment of positivity and growth. F. This makes it easy to assume that everyone else is living a perfect life. G. This rings true as comparing ourselves with others makes happiness hard to feel. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了与人攀比弊大于利，它会夺走快乐、引发自我否定与不切实际的期待，且永无止境。我们应放下攀比，欣赏他人的成功，以此激励自己，营造积极的生活氛围。 【16题详解】 前文“You may have heard the expression, “Comparison is the thief of joy.”(您或许听过这样一句话：“比较是快乐的小偷。”)”引用了经典谚语，空格需要对这句谚语进行解释和印证。G选项“This rings true as comparing ourselves with others makes happiness hard to feel.(这句话千真万确，因为与他人比较会让我们难以感受到幸福。)”中，This rings true 直接呼应前文的谚语，makes happiness hard to feel完美解释了“偷走快乐”的含义，逻辑严丝合缝。 【17题详解】 前文“Comparison not only robs us of joy, but it can also fuel self-criticism and a lack of self-acceptance.(比较不仅会剥夺我们的快乐，还会助长自我批评和缺乏自我接纳的心态。)”指出比较会“助长自我批评和自我接纳的缺失”，后文““I am not as successful and competent as they are.” “Why don’t I have what they have?”(“我不像他们那样成功和有能力。”“为什么我没有他们拥有的那些？”)”紧接着列举了两句典型的自我否定内心独白。空格需要一个过渡句，说明比较如何导致自我批评。D选项“Typically, it leads to perceiving others as superior to us.(通常情况下，它会让我们觉得别人比自己更优秀。)”精准点明了比较的核心心理后果，正是因为觉得别人更优越，才会产生后文“我不如他们”的自我批判，形成完整的逻辑链条。 【18题详解】 前文“We see the success, but not the failures, sacrifices or struggles.(我们看到了他们的成功，却看不到他们的失败、牺牲或挣扎。)”说明我们在比较时“只看到别人的成功，看不到他们的失败、牺牲和挣扎”，后文“But in reality, no one’s life is without difficulties, and by focusing on someone else’s highlights, we’re ignoring the complexity of our own story.(但实际上，没有人的人生是毫无困难的，而通过关注别人的成功亮点，我们却忽略了自己故事的复杂性。)”转折指出“没有人的生活是没有困难的”。空格需要说明这种片面认知带来的错误结论。F选项“This makes it easy to assume that everyone else is living a perfect life.(这让我们很容易认为其他人都过着完美的生活。)”中，This指代前文“只看别人高光时刻” 的行为，正好引出后文对“完美生活”假象的反驳，逻辑连贯。 【19题详解】 前文“If we meet expectations, lose weight, or get a promotion, we will feel better, calmer, and stop comparing ourselves. This may be temporarily true.(如果我们达到了预期目标、成功减重或者获得了晋升，我们会感觉更好、更平静，并且不再与他人进行比较。这在短期内可能是真的。)”提到“达到目标后停止比较”只是暂时的，后文“We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not meeting, leaving us feeling worse once again.(我们总能找到其他的东西来比较，我们告诉自己我们没有达到的另一个期望，让我们再次感觉更糟。)”进一步说明 “我们总能找到新的比较对象和未达成的期望”。空格需要点明比较的本质特征。A选项“Yet comparison is an endless process.(然而比较是一个永无止境的过程。)”中，Yet 转折前文的“temporarily true(暂时正确)”，endless process 完美概括了后文“总能找到新的比较点”的内容，是本段的核心观点。 【20题详解】 前文“Instead of comparing, try to celebrate others’ successes and use them as inspiration for your own journey.(与其比较，不如试着为他人的成功而庆祝，并将这些作为自己前行的激励。)”给出了解决方案 ——“不要比较，而是庆祝他人的成功并将其作为自己的灵感”，后文“Not just for yourself, but for those around you.(不仅是为了自己，也是为了身边的人。)”补充说明这种做法的受益者包括自己和身边的人。空格需要说明这种正确做法带来的积极影响。E选项“By doing so, you create an environment of positivity and growth.(通过这样做，你会创造一个积极向上、共同成长的环境。)”中，By doing so指代前文的正确做法，positivity and growth 与后文的“为了自己和身边的人”形成呼应，完美收束全文。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A photograph of a 14-year-old from Louisville, Kentucky, giving away his shoes to a homeless man has spread quickly. This has been ___21___ thousands of people on social media. The act of kindness ___22___ thousands of reactions and ___23___ on Facebook in less than a week. It took place when the teen, Ron Ron, went out to do ___24___ work with fellow members of PurpMe, a local nonprofit （非盈利）group ___25___ on "teaching our community how to uplift one another”, according to its website. “We went out with food to ___26___ love in our neighborhood. When we saw a homeless man without shoes, Ron Ron took his shoes off and gave them away. Then we ___27___ with the homeless man, and he explained that he had gone through a lot of ___28___ and hurt.”PurpMe founder Jason Reynolds said. “Like the homeless man, the 14-year-old was no ___29___ to struggle." Reynolds added. “Ron Ron grew up in an area where people often get shot. At one point, he often ____30____ , being rude. Three years ago, I____31____him and served as his guide. With that effort, Ron Ron experienced a ____32____of heart. Now, he's the one ____33____ other kids. It's amazing. He's just so ____34____ to make a change in the world and ____35____ other people.” 21. A. moving B. frightening C. disappointing D. surprising 22. A. made B. acquired C. answered D. requested 23. A. shares B. challenges C. impressions D. opportunities 24. A. special B. hard C. formal D. volunteer 25. A. focused B. based C. reflected D. depended 26. A. spread B. find C. get D. recognize 27. A. ate B. played C. talked D. lived 28. A. beauty B. wonder C. loss D. freedom 29. A. longer B. stranger C. master D. power 30. A. cried B. quit C. learned D. fought 31. A. responded B. picked up C. attracted D. reached out to 32. A. change B. solution C. pressure D. beat 33. A. punishing B. guiding C. preventing D. praising 34. A. anxious B. serious C. curious D. passionate 35. A. follow B. attack C. inspire D. warn 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。一张 14岁男孩把自己的鞋子送给一个无家可归的人的照片迅速传播于社交媒体，这个少年是一个非营利组织PurpMe的志愿者，他热衷于传播爱心，可未曾想在此之前他自己一度几乎成了一个问题少年。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一消息在社交媒体上引起了数千人的关注。A. moving感动；B. frightening惊吓；C. disappointing使…….失望；D. surprising使……吃惊。根据下文“The act of kindness ___2___ thousands of reactions and ___3___ on Facebook in less than a week.”可知，他的善举使数千人感动，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在不到一周的时间里，这个善举在脸书上得到了数千人的回应和分享。A. made做出；B. acquired获得、得到；C. answered回答；D. requested请求。根据上文“This has been ___1___ thousands of people on social media.”可知，他的善举在社交媒体上得到了数千人的关注，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意见上。A. shares分享；B. challenges挑战；C. impressions印象；D. opportunities机会。根据 “thousands of reactions”和“on Facebook”可知，事件在脸书上得到了“回应”和“分享（shares）”，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这件事发生在一个名叫罗恩·罗恩的少年和PurpMe的其他成员一起去做志愿者工作的时候。PurpMe是一个当地的非营利组织，根据其网站的说法，该组织致力于“教会我们的社区如何互相鼓励”。A. special特殊的；B. hard困难的；C. formal正式的；D. volunteer志愿的。根据下文“with fellow members of PurpMe, a local nonprofit （非盈利）group…”可知，他和他的小伙伴去做志愿者工作，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意见上。A. focused (on)专注/致力于；B. based (on)以……为基础，基于；C. reflected (on)反省，回忆；D. depended (on)依赖。根据对PurpMe组织的介绍，它是一个当地的非营利组织，“教会我们的社区如何互相鼓励”是其专注的对象，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们带着食物出去，在我们的社区传播爱。A. spread传播；B. find发现；C. get得到；D. recognize认出。根据上文“It took place when the teen, Ron Ron, went out to do ___4___ work with fellow members of PurpMe, a local nonprofit （非盈利）group”可知，他们从事的是一个志愿者活动，是为了将爱传播出去，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们和那个无家可归的人交谈，他解释说他经历了很多失去和伤害。A. ate吃；B. played玩；C. talked交谈；D. lived生活。根据“and he explained that he had gone through a lot of ___8___ and hurt”可知，他们和流浪汉交谈，得知了他的遭遇。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意见上。A. beauty美丽；B. wonder奇迹；C. loss失去；D. freedom自由。根据“… and hurt”，并结合选项可知，设空处名词应与“hurt”表达一致，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词/名词词义辨析。句意：“就像那个无家可归的人一样，这个14岁的孩子对吃苦并不陌生。” Reynolds说。A. longer (adj.)更长的；B. stranger陌生；C. master主人；D. power力量。根据“Like the homeless man”可知，这个14岁的孩子也经历过失去和伤害，因此他对于困境中挣扎并不陌生，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经一度，他经常打斗，很粗鲁。A. cried哭喊；B. quit放弃；C. learned学习；D. fought打斗。根据上文“Ron Ron grew up in an area where people often get shot”可知，他成长的地方环境恶劣，经常有人被枪击，因此他受到了动乱的环境影响而经常打斗，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年前，我找到了他，作了他的领路人。A. responded回答；B. picked up捡起；C. attracted吸引；D. reached out to接触，向……伸出手。根据下文“With that effort, Ron Ron experienced a ___12___ of heart”，可知，三年前Reynolds接触了Ron，并帮助他回心转意。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过这番努力，Ron回心转意了。A. change改变；B. solution解决；C. pressure压力；D. beat敲击。根据上文“At one point, he often ___10___ , being rude.”可知，Ron起初沾染了恶劣习气，在Reynolds的指导下体验到了内心的转变（change），即回心转意。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，他是指导其他孩子的人。A. punishing惩罚；B. guiding指导；C. preventing阻止；D. praising赞美。根据上文“Three years ago, I ___11___ him and served as his guide. With that effort, Ron Ron experienced a ___12___ of heart.”，在Reynolds的指导下Ron回心转意，现在他转而指导别的孩子，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对改变世界和激励他人充满热情。A. anxious忧虑的；B. serious严肃的；C. curious好奇的；D. passionate热衷的，热情的。根据上文“A photograph of a 14-year-old from Louisville, Kentucky, giving away his shoes to a homeless man has spread quickly.”和他参加志愿者的经历可知，他正在用善举改变世界和激励别人，并且热衷于此，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意见上。A. follow跟随；B. attack袭击；C. inspire激励；D. warn警告。他的善举受到了社交媒体的广泛关注，因此激励了（inspire）人们。故选C。 第二节 语篇填空 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 One sunny day in the late spring of 353, a party took place by a river in Lanting, ____36____ the “Orchid Pavilion (亭)”, a hilly southwestern suburb of Shaoxing. 41 poets, scholars, and artists played a drinking game, in which they floated cups of wine in the flow of the stream. With the cup ____37____ (stop) in front of a guest, he had to compose a poem. A total of 37 poems ____38____ (write) that day, but it was the preface (序言) to the poetry collection by famous calligrapher Wang Xizhi, titled “Preface to the Poems Collected from the Orchid Pavilion”, that made this party one of the best known____39____ (event) in Chinese literary history. In 324 words, Wang described the occasion while expressing his passion ____40____ life. The naturally-flowing strokes (笔画), a product of his outstanding skills and the ____41____ (inspire) of the moment have led the “Preface” to be ____42____ (wide) regarded as the best semi-cursive calligraphy (行书) work ever. Today, visitors can go to the “Orchid Pavilion” area, ____43____ elegant garden complex (综合体) on the former site of the party, ____44____ includes a calligraphy museum, a pavilion, and a pond, all surrounded by thick bamboo forests. In downtown Shaoxing—a world of alleyways, green canals, ancient bridges and graying whitewashed houses, one can also visit a number of scenery sites _____45_____ (relate) to Wang’s stories from his time there. 【答案】36. or 37. stopping 38. were written 39. events 40. for 41. inspiration 42. widely 43. an 44. which 45. related 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了《兰亭集序》地点创作背景和书法艺术价值。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：公元353年春末一个阳光明媚的日子，在绍兴西南郊区多山的兰亭河畔举行了一场聚会，41位诗人、学者和艺术家在玩一种饮酒游戏，他们把酒杯漂浮在水流中。根据前文Lanting和后文the “Orchid Pavilion (亭)”可知，此处是指兰亭的两种表达方式，存在选择关系，空处应用表示“或者”的连词or。故填or。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：杯子停在客人面前，他不得不写一首诗。根据前文With the cup可知，此处考查with复合结构，动词stop与宾语the cup之间存在主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故填stopping。 【38题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：那天共写了37首诗，但使这次聚会成为中国文学史上最著名的事件之一的，是著名书法家王羲之的诗集《兰亭集序》的序言。根据was和made以及时间状语that day可知，此处描述过去发生的事实，应用一般过去时。动词write与主语37 poems之间存在被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填were written。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：同上。one of后接名词复数。故填events。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：在324个单词中，王描述了这一时刻，同时表达了他对生活的热情。此处考查固定搭配passion for…“对……的热情”。故填for。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：自然流畅的笔画，是他杰出的技巧和当下灵感的产物，使《序》被广泛认为是有史以来最好的半草书作品。the后接名词inspiration，作宾语。故填inspiration。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。修饰动词regarded应用副词。故填widely。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：今天，游客可以去“兰亭”区，这是一个优雅的花园建筑群，位于派对的旧址，包括书法博物馆，亭子和池塘，周围都是茂密的竹林。此处garden complex为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词表泛指。所连接的单词elegant发音以元音开头，故填an。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是garden complex，指物，应用关系代词which引导从句，作主语。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在绍兴市中心——一个小巷、绿色运河、古老桥梁和灰白色房屋的世界，人们还可以参观一些与王在那里的故事有关的风景名胜。该句的谓语动词是can，且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词。动词relate与其逻辑主语scenery sites之间存在被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填related。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 第二十五届U20女子手球锦标赛即将在我市召开，赛事组委会面向全市高中生招募志愿者。请你写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括： 1. 写信目的；2. 个人优势；3. 能做的事情。 第二十五届U20女子手球锦标赛25TH WOMEN’S HANDBALL WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右。 (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, a senior high school student. I’m writing to apply for the volunteer position for the 25th Women’s Handball World Championship to be held in our city. I’m fully qualified for this job. I have a good command of oral English, which allows me to communicate with foreign players smoothly. Besides, I am outgoing, patient and responsible. If I am lucky enough to be admitted, I will try my best to offer services such as guiding guests and providing necessary information. I sincerely hope I can contribute to this great event. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写一封申请信，报名申请U20女子手球锦标赛志愿者。 【详解】1.词汇积累 胜任的：qualified→competent 允许：allow→permit 精通：have a good command of→be proficient in 贡献：contribute to→make contributions to 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：I’m writing to apply for the volunteer position for the 25th Women’s Handball World Championship to be held in our city. 拓展句：I’m writing to apply for the volunteer position for the 25th Women’s Handball World Championship which is to be held in our city. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I have a good command of oral English, which allows me to communicate with foreign players smoothly.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】If I am lucky enough to be admitted, I will try my best to offer services such as guiding guests and providing necessary information.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As a Christmas present, a young man received his brother’s generous gift of the trendiest car. On Christmas Eve, the young man decided to go for a drive in his new car. He pulled over beside a park, lost in admiration of his vehicle, when a small boy walked up to him. “Is this car yours, mister?” the boy asked curiously. The young man nodded with pride. “My brother got me this amazing car for Christmas,” he said. The boy’s eyes grew wide in astonishment. “Do you mean your brother got this fantastic car for you, and it didn’t cost you anything? Oh Boy, How I wish...” the boy hesitated, deep in thought. Of course, He would want a brother who got him such a beautiful car like that. But what came from the young boy’s mouth stunned the young man. “One day, I wish,” the boy continued, “that I could be a brother just like your brother.” Greatly shocked by the reply, the man blurted out without hesitation, “Would you like to take a ride in my new car?” “Absolutely! I’d want it,” the kid excitedly responded. With eyes glowing and a smile spread across his face, he said, “Mister! Would you mind driving to my home?” The man agreed cheerfully and headed for the boy’s home. He thought he knew what the young boy wanted. He wanted to show kids in the neighborhood that he could ride home in a fancy car. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右。 (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Once more, he guessed wrong. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Moved to the core, the man helped the disabled boy settle into the front passenger seat. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Once more, he guessed wrong. The boy begged the man to stop in front of a small old house. He rushed inside and soon came back with his disabled little brother, who could barely move with the help of a wheelchair. The boy looked at his brother eagerly and asked softly if he could experience a ride in the fancy car. It was then that the man realized the boy’s true wish — he wanted to give his sick brother a precious and happy surprise. Moved to the core, the man helped the disabled boy settle into the front passenger seat. He slowly drove through the quiet streets, letting the two brothers enjoy the warm Christmas night. Bright streetlights and festive decorations lit up their joyful faces. The disabled boy laughed happily, his eyes filled with pure delight. This special experience made the man understand that true kindness lies in giving rather than receiving. The best Christmas gift is the love we share with others. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述年轻人收到哥哥赠送的新车作为圣诞礼物，平安夜驾车偶遇一位小男孩。男孩并不羡慕车子本身，而十分羡慕这位愿意慷慨赠予、无私付出的哥哥。年轻人邀请男孩乘车，本以为男孩是想向邻居炫耀，却再次猜错了男孩的纯真心愿。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句可知，第一段续写推翻年轻人的主观猜测，描写男孩带他来到老旧小屋，接出行动不便的残疾弟弟，揭示男孩真正的心愿：想让从未坐过新车的弟弟收获一份圣诞惊喜。 ②由第二段首句可知，第二段续写描写年轻人暖心帮助残疾弟弟上车，缓缓驾车带兄弟俩感受圣诞夜景。看着兄弟俩真挚的笑容，年轻人深受触动，领悟了给予与分享的圣诞真谛。 2.续写线索：猜测失误→抵达小屋→接出残疾弟弟→揭晓纯真心愿→暖心帮扶上车→驾车陪伴游览→兄弟收获快乐→主人公深受触动→领悟分享与爱的真谛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.停下：stop / pull up ②.返回：come back / return 情绪类 ①.急切地：eagerly / anxiously ②.愉悦的：joyful / delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1]. It was then that the man realized the boy’s true wish — he wanted to give his sick brother a precious and happy surprise.（运用了强调句型） [高分句型2]. This special experience made the man understand that true kindness lies in giving rather than receiving.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 榆次一中高一年级第二学期期末考试 英语试题 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 1. 本试卷分第I卷 (选择题) 和第II卷 (非选择题) 两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Health problems. B. A concert they attended. C. The arrangement of the seats. 2. Where does this conversation most likely take place? A. At a laundry. B. At a tailor’s shop. C. At a clothing store. 3. Why is the man tired? A. He couldn’t fall asleep. B. He studied late for a test. C. He worked out too much. 4. What will the speakers probably do on Saturday? A. Watch a movie. B. Go to library. C. Visit a museum. 5. What can we learn about the man? A. He didn’t prepare well. B. He gave a good presentation. C. He helped the woman with her talk. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does the boy want to do? A. Buy a book. B. Borrow a book. C. Return a book. 7. What should the boy do if he needs the book longer? A. Renew it online. B. Call the librarian. C. Go back to the library. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What is the man trying to do? A. Eat more fruits. B. Lose weight quickly. C. Follow a healthier diet. 9. What does the man suggest at the end? A. To avoid eating fries at lunch. B. To eat more vegetables in the evening. C. To try the salad with chicken and avocado. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. What are the two speakers discussing? A. A school event. B. Their group presentation. C. A homework assignment. 11. What topic did the two speakers choose? A. Teenagers and social media. B. The effects of mobile games. C. How to improve study habits. 12. What will the man do tonight? A. Practice his part. B. Create the slides. C. Search for pictures. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. What is the woman? A. A waitress. B. A hotel manager. C. A receptionist. 14. What drink does the man order? A. Coke. B. A glass of milk. C. Some orange juice. 15. Which room is the man in? A. 614. B. 640. C. 644. 16. When will the man probably get his food? A. 7:00. B. 7:15. C. 7:30. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What is the purpose of Green Week? A. To train student leaders. B. To promote school events. C. To raise environmental awareness. 18. What will happen on Tuesday? A. A “No Plastic Day.” B. A poster-making class. C. A tree-planting activity. 19. Where will the recycling competition be held? A. In the library. B. In the school yard. C. In the school hall. 20. What are students asked to do by Friday? A. Submit a speech. B. Design a poster. C. Sign up for activities. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分60分) 第一节 (共15小题：每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Looking to spot a shooting star? These top stargazing destinations offer the perfect backdrop. Bring your family along and introduce them to the spectacular night sky. Here are four places to experience a star-filled landscape. Sossusvlei, Namibia Stay at Little Kulala, an eco-friendly hotel in the desert. It uses solar power and is located in the large Kulala Wilderness Reserve. You can ride in a Land Rover to look for animals such as springbok, ostrich and oryx. You can also take a hot-air balloon to see the Namib Desert, which is the oldest desert in the world. After a day of exploring, relax in your small private pool. At night, you can even sleep on the rooftop and watch shooting stars and the Milky Way above you. Death Valley National Park, California Death Valley National Park covers 3.4 million acres. Its clean air and large open spaces make it a wonderful place to watch shooting stars, meteor showers, and many constellations. People in the area work hard to reduce light pollution so the night sky stays dark. In winter, park rangers offer programs that teach visitors about stars and space. Rome, Italy For a fun family activity, visit Sofitel Roma Villa Borghese for an evening picnic and stargazing. You can learn about constellations and planets that were named by ancient Roman astronomers. The hotel is in a former 19th-century palace and is close to famous cultural sites and parks in the city. Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah This park has some of the darkest skies in the United States. It was the first place to receive the International Dark Sky Park certification. Huge natural stone bridges create beautiful “windows” where you can look through to see the stars, just like the Pueblo people did 800 years ago. One of the most amazing views is the Milky Way rising above Owachomo Bridge. 1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Sossusvlei, Namibia? A. It boasts the largest desert in the world. B. The hotel there offers bedrooms for stargazing. C. Tourists can catch sight of all kinds of wild animals there. D. Tourists have the chance to view the desert from various angles. 2. What can be inferred about Natural Bridges National Monument as a stargazing site? A. Educational programs about stars and space are available. B. The natural rock formations enhance the viewing experience. C. The locals have made huge efforts to preserve the dark nights. D. It is the only place to hold the International Dark Sky Park certification. 3. A family who wants both cultural sightseeing during the day and stargazing at night would most likely choose ________. A. Sossusvlei, Namibia B. Death Valley National Park, California C. Rome, Italy D. Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah B Charles Robert Darwin was born on 12 February 1809 in Shropshire, England. Darwin’s childhood passion was science, and his interest in chemistry, however, was clear; he was even nicknamed ‘Gas’ by his classmates. In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. Darwin became passionate about natural history and this became his focus while he studied at Cambridge. Darwin went on a voyage together with Robert Fitzroy, the captain of HMS Beagle, to South America to facilitate British trade in Patagonia. The journey was life-changing. Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. Darwin’s work convinced him that natural selection was key to understanding the development of the natural world. The theory of natural selection says that individuals of a species are more likely to survive when they inherit (经遗传获得) characteristics best suited for that specific environment. These features then become more widespread and can lead eventually to the development of a new species. With natural selection, Darwin argued how a wide variety of life forms developed over time from a single common ancestor. Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, in 1839. When Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died from a sudden illness in 1851, he lost his belief in God. His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species. Darwin had previously thought that species remained adapted until the environment changed; he now believed that every new variation was imperfect and that a struggle to survive was what drove species to adapt. Though rejected at the beginning, Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is nowadays well accepted by the scientific community as the best evidence-based explanation for the diversity and complexity of life on Earth. The Natural History Museum’s library alone has 478 editions of his On the Origin of Species in 38 languages. 4. What made Darwin reconsider the origin and development of species? A. Examining plants and animals collected. B. His desire for a voyage to different continents. C. Classifying samples in a journey to South America. D. His passion for natural history at Edinburgh University. 5. We can learn from paragraphs 1 to 3 that Darwin ________. A. used natural selection to develop new species B. enjoyed being called nicknames related to science C. learned some knowledge about plants when studying medicine D. argued with others over the diversity of life forms for a long period 6. Which of the following changed Darwin’s view on the human species? A. That he had ten children in all. B. His youngest son’s being disabled. C. That he lost his eldest daughter. D. His marriage with Emma Wedgwood. 7. This passage is mainly about ________. A. Darwin’s passion for medical science B. Darwin’s theory and experiments C. Charles Darwin’s changing interest D. Charles Darwin’s life and work C Those who had the pleasure of watching Benny Goodman at work saw a rather ordinary-looking man in rimless glasses and a conservative business suit; but they also saw a human being who could play the clarinet(单簧管) like no one before or since. This made Benny Goodman a unique individual. Other Americans who have stood out from the flock include Joe DiMaggio, Beverly Sill, Ernest Hemingway and Jonas Salk. They, like Benny Goodman, were recognized and honored for no other reason than excellence. It is doing something better than other people that makes us unique. Yet a surprising number of people still see individuality as a surface thing. They wear garish clothes, dye their hair strange colors and decorate their skin with tattoos to make some kind of social statement. But an ordinary guy who has dyed his hair purple or orange is nothing more than the same person with a funny-looking head. The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. Those who invent, who improvise(即兴发挥), who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn’t work and make it work––these people are the very soul of capitalism. Charles Kettering didn’t like the idea of cranking a car to make it start, so he invented the electric starter. Henry Ford figured out the assembly-line technique and made it possible to mass-produce automobiles, and Elisha Otis, inventor of the elevator, indirectly created the city sky-line. These people understood that individualism means working at the top of one’s capacity. The ones with the purple hair and the funky jewelry are just along for the ride, trying to be “different” and not knowing how to go about it. The student who earns straight A’s on his report card has grasped the idea and has found the real meaning of individuality. So has the youngster who has designed his own spaceship, who gives piano recitals, who paints pictures of the world around him. Benny Goodman understood it too. This is why he was at his best, blowing his clarinet, in a blue suit and black shoes. 8. The author mentions the appearance of Benny Goodman to _________. A. show what a talented musician should look like B. introduce an important figure in the musical world C. contrast with his talent in music performance D. indicate that he can’t stand out from the flock 9. The author would most probably agree that _________. A. an individualist tends to seek difference both in character and appearance B. the essence of individualism lies in pursuing excellence to the full C. being different in appearance is the very first step to being individual D. those who strive to win the recognition of others are real individualists 10. According to the passage, which individual’s actions may not truly embody the essence of individualism? A. A scientist who conducts research solely advancing knowledge for the greater good rather than for personal recognition. B. A social media influencer who conforms to popular opinions to maintain a large following. C. An artist who creates unique works but fail to gain fame and recognition from others. D. An entrepreneur who prioritizes ethical considerations over profit in his business practices. 11. For the main thread, the article is organized by way of __________. A. specific to general B. cause and effect C. examples and conclusion D. comparison and contrast D Stanford researchers have discovered an exciting new way to treat wastewater that could help solve two big problems at once — water shortages and waste of valuable resources. Instead of just cleaning dirty water and throwing away the removed pollutants, their system turns wastewater into both drinkable water and useful materials. With experts predicting that the world will need 40% more clean water than it has by 2030, this technology is timely. The researchers have been particularly focused on dealing with “forever chemicals” — pollutants that add up in water supplies and are very difficult to remove. The researchers have developed new resins (树脂) with upgraded selectivity. Unlike traditional water treatment resins, these can specifically target and trap harmful chemicals while recovering valuable materials. This turns the treatment process from a cost into a potential money-maker. One of the biggest advantages of this system is that it can be easily integrated into current water treatment plants. The improved resins can potentially be added to existing facilities without requiring big changes. This makes the process more practical and affordable for cities and towns. The researchers see this as more than just a better water filter (过滤). They picture wastewater treatment plants becoming resource recovery centers that produce clean water while also supplying valuable materials to farmers and industries. As one scientist put it, this approach turns wastewater from being just a problem to solve into an opportunity - helping the environment while potentially creating new business possibilities. This invention could be especially important for areas facing water shortages, offering a way to get more clean water while making the treatment process more cost-effective and economically sustainable (可持续的). By recovering useful resources instead of just getting rid of them, the system represents a smarter way to handle our water needs in the future. 12. What is the main advantage of the new technology? A. It reduces the cost of building new factories. B. It cleans water and recovers useful materials. C. It helps scientists study “forever chemicals”. D. It transports treated water into cities and towns. 13. Which aspect of the technology is mainly talked about in paragraph 3? A. Its working process. B. Its historical background. C. Its potential applications. D. Its targeted problems. 14. Why is the technology practical for current plants? A. It removes all chemicals in one step. B. It is cheaper than traditional methods. C. It increases water usage by 40%. D. It fits the existing systems easily. 15. What is the author’s attitude toward the new technology? A. Doubtful. B. Hopeful. C. Uninterested. D. Worried. 第二节 (共5小题：每小题3分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文之后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It is natural to compare ourselves with others and to get caught in a mental comparison cycle, yet this is seldom beneficial. You may have heard the expression, “Comparison is the thief of joy.” ____16____ Comparison not only robs us of joy, but it can also fuel self-criticism and a lack of self-acceptance. ____17____ “I am not as successful and competent as they are.” “Why don’t I have what they have?” We use comparison as a way of self-criticism, which prevents self-acceptance. Another issue with comparison is that it causes unrealistic expectations. When we compare ourselves to others, we often overlook the context of their journey. We see the success, but not the failures, sacrifices or struggles. ____18____ But in reality, no one’s life is without difficulties, and by focusing on someone else’s highlights, we’re ignoring the complexity of our own story. Comparison may secretly play tricks on us. If we meet expectations, lose weight, or get a promotion, we will feel better, calmer, and stop comparing ourselves. This may be temporarily true. ____19____ We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not meeting, leaving us feeling worse once again. Let go of the idea that you need to compete with others. Life is not a race, and there is no finish line you must cross to prove your worth. Instead of comparing, try to celebrate others’ successes and use them as inspiration for your own journey. ____20____ Not just for yourself, but for those around you. A. Yet comparison is an endless process. B. Comparison lowers your sense of security. C. So what can we do to break free from comparison? D. Typically, it leads to perceiving others as superior to us. E. By doing so, you create an environment of positivity and growth. F. This makes it easy to assume that everyone else is living a perfect life. G. This rings true as comparing ourselves with others makes happiness hard to feel. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A photograph of a 14-year-old from Louisville, Kentucky, giving away his shoes to a homeless man has spread quickly. This has been ___21___ thousands of people on social media. The act of kindness ___22___ thousands of reactions and ___23___ on Facebook in less than a week. It took place when the teen, Ron Ron, went out to do ___24___ work with fellow members of PurpMe, a local nonprofit （非盈利）group ___25___ on "teaching our community how to uplift one another”, according to its website. “We went out with food to ___26___ love in our neighborhood. When we saw a homeless man without shoes, Ron Ron took his shoes off and gave them away. Then we ___27___ with the homeless man, and he explained that he had gone through a lot of ___28___ and hurt.”PurpMe founder Jason Reynolds said. “Like the homeless man, the 14-year-old was no ___29___ to struggle." Reynolds added. “Ron Ron grew up in an area where people often get shot. At one point, he often ____30____ , being rude. Three years ago, I____31____him and served as his guide. With that effort, Ron Ron experienced a ____32____of heart. Now, he's the one ____33____ other kids. It's amazing. He's just so ____34____ to make a change in the world and ____35____ other people.” 21. A. moving B. frightening C. disappointing D. surprising 22. A. made B. acquired C. answered D. requested 23. A. shares B. challenges C. impressions D. opportunities 24. A. special B. hard C. formal D. volunteer 25. A. focused B. based C. reflected D. depended 26. A. spread B. find C. get D. recognize 27. A. ate B. played C. talked D. lived 28. A. beauty B. wonder C. loss D. freedom 29. A. longer B. stranger C. master D. power 30. A. cried B. quit C. learned D. fought 31. A. responded B. picked up C. attracted D. reached out to 32. A. change B. solution C. pressure D. beat 33. A. punishing B. guiding C. preventing D. praising 34. A. anxious B. serious C. curious D. passionate 35. A. follow B. attack C. inspire D. warn 第二节 语篇填空 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 One sunny day in the late spring of 353, a party took place by a river in Lanting, ____36____ the “Orchid Pavilion (亭)”, a hilly southwestern suburb of Shaoxing. 41 poets, scholars, and artists played a drinking game, in which they floated cups of wine in the flow of the stream. With the cup ____37____ (stop) in front of a guest, he had to compose a poem. A total of 37 poems ____38____ (write) that day, but it was the preface (序言) to the poetry collection by famous calligrapher Wang Xizhi, titled “Preface to the Poems Collected from the Orchid Pavilion”, that made this party one of the best known____39____ (event) in Chinese literary history. In 324 words, Wang described the occasion while expressing his passion ____40____ life. The naturally-flowing strokes (笔画), a product of his outstanding skills and the ____41____ (inspire) of the moment have led the “Preface” to be ____42____ (wide) regarded as the best semi-cursive calligraphy (行书) work ever. Today, visitors can go to the “Orchid Pavilion” area, ____43____ elegant garden complex (综合体) on the former site of the party, ____44____ includes a calligraphy museum, a pavilion, and a pond, all surrounded by thick bamboo forests. In downtown Shaoxing—a world of alleyways, green canals, ancient bridges and graying whitewashed houses, one can also visit a number of scenery sites _____45_____ (relate) to Wang’s stories from his time there. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 第二十五届U20女子手球锦标赛即将在我市召开，赛事组委会面向全市高中生招募志愿者。请你写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括： 1. 写信目的；2. 个人优势；3. 能做的事情。 第二十五届U20女子手球锦标赛25TH WOMEN’S HANDBALL WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右。 (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As a Christmas present, a young man received his brother’s generous gift of the trendiest car. On Christmas Eve, the young man decided to go for a drive in his new car. He pulled over beside a park, lost in admiration of his vehicle, when a small boy walked up to him. “Is this car yours, mister?” the boy asked curiously. The young man nodded with pride. “My brother got me this amazing car for Christmas,” he said. The boy’s eyes grew wide in astonishment. “Do you mean your brother got this fantastic car for you, and it didn’t cost you anything? Oh Boy, How I wish...” the boy hesitated, deep in thought. Of course, He would want a brother who got him such a beautiful car like that. But what came from the young boy’s mouth stunned the young man. “One day, I wish,” the boy continued, “that I could be a brother just like your brother.” Greatly shocked by the reply, the man blurted out without hesitation, “Would you like to take a ride in my new car?” “Absolutely! I’d want it,” the kid excitedly responded. With eyes glowing and a smile spread across his face, he said, “Mister! Would you mind driving to my home?” The man agreed cheerfully and headed for the boy’s home. He thought he knew what the young boy wanted. He wanted to show kids in the neighborhood that he could ride home in a fancy car. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右。 (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Once more, he guessed wrong. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Moved to the core, the man helped the disabled boy settle into the front passenger seat. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $