Unit 7 The natural world Workbook课文要点讲义 2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

本初中英语讲义围绕“自然世界”主题，系统梳理自然奇观（如二氧化碳影响、沙漠植物储水）、生态问题（全球变暖、污染）、世界地理常识（撒哈拉沙漠、青藏高原）及自然现象原理（日食、彩虹），并结合连词（and, but, or, so）运用，构建从词汇、短语到句子的语言学习支架。 资料通过错误判断与事实更正（如亚马逊雨林面积）培养思维品质，高频短语中英互译强化语言能力，综合练习（填空、选择、判断）助力课后查漏补缺。融入中国地理（青藏高原）增强家国情怀，符合新课标核心素养，课中辅助教学，课后提升自主学习效率。

Unit 7 The natural world Workbook 【课文要点】 A1. The wonder of nature（自然奇观） 1. Too much carbon dioxide in the air is leading to rising global temperatures. 空气中过多的二氧化碳正在导致全球气温上升。 - carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 - lead to 导致 - global adj. 全球的 - e.g. Too much carbon dioxide is ____________ to rising global temperatures. 2. Some desert plants can store a lot of water in their roots. 一些沙漠植物可以在它们的根部储存大量的水。 - store v. 储存 - root n. 根 - e.g. Some desert plants can ____________ a lot of water in their roots. 3. The rich ecosystem of the Amazon Rainforest contains over two million types of different insects. 亚马逊雨林丰富的生态系统包含超过两百万种不同的昆虫。 - rich adj. 丰富的 - contain v. 包含，含有 - insect n. 昆虫 - e.g. The Amazon Rainforest ____________ over two million types of insects. 4. Global warming is harmful to the Antarctic ecosystem. 全球变暖对南极生态系统有害。 - harmful adj. 有害的 - be harmful to 对……有害 - Antarctic adj. 南极的 - e.g. Global warming is ____________ to the Antarctic ecosystem. 5. The Great Barrier Reef contains the world‘s largest collection of coral reefs. 大堡礁拥有世界上最大的珊瑚礁群。 - Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁 - collection n. 收藏，聚集 - coral reef 珊瑚礁 - e.g. The Great Barrier Reef ____________ the world’s largest collection of coral reefs. 6. The Arctic is warming fast because of climate change. As a result, the sea ice is melting very quickly. 由于气候变化，北极正在快速变暖。因此，海冰正在迅速融化。 - climate change 气候变化 - as a result 因此 - melt v. 融化 - e.g. ____________ a result, the sea ice is melting very quickly. A2. Using and, but, or and so（使用连词） 7. African grasslands are important, so we need to protect them. 非洲草原很重要，所以我们需要保护它们。 - grassland n. 草原 - e.g. African grasslands are important, ____________ we need to protect them. 8. These grasslands receive a lot of rain during the rainy season, so this helps the plants grow well. 这些草原在雨季有大量降雨，所以这有助于植物良好生长。 - receive v. 接收，获得 - rainy season 雨季 - e.g. These grasslands receive a lot of rain, ____________ this helps the plants grow well. 9. There are many important plants in the grasslands, but some of them are in danger. 草原上有许多重要的植物，但其中一些处于危险之中。 - in danger 处于危险中 - e.g. There are many important plants, ____________ some of them are in danger. 10. People are taking action to protect the grasslands, so we won‘t lose them in the future. 人们正在采取行动保护草原，所以我们将来不会失去它们。 - take action 采取行动 - e.g. People are taking action, ____________ we won’t lose them. 11. During the day, it can be very dark or very bright. 在白天，它可能非常暗或非常亮。 - dark adj. 黑暗的 - bright adj. 明亮的 - e.g. It can be very dark ____________ very bright. 12. It is one of the most beautiful places on earth, but it is also a challenging environment for people to live in. 它是地球上最美丽的地方之一，但也是一个对人类来说具有挑战性的生活环境。 - challenging adj. 有挑战性的 - e.g. It is beautiful, ____________ it is also challenging. 13. Temperatures in the Arctic are rising, so animals living there are being harmed. 北极的气温正在上升，所以生活在那里的动物正在受到伤害。 - rise v. 上升 - harm v. 伤害 - e.g. Temperatures are rising, ____________ animals are being harmed. B1. World bests（世界之最） 14. The Amazon Rainforest covers more than 10 million square kilometres. 亚马逊雨林覆盖超过1000万平方公里。（× 错误判断） - cover v. 覆盖 - square kilometre 平方公里 - e.g. The Amazon Rainforest covers about 5.5 million square kilometres.（事实更正） 15. The Sahara Desert covers most of northern Africa. 撒哈拉沙漠覆盖了非洲北部的大部分地区。 - Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠 - northern adj. 北部的 - e.g. The Sahara Desert covers most of ____________ Africa. 16. The Great Barrier Reef is an ocean ecosystem. 大堡礁是一个海洋生态系统。 - ocean ecosystem 海洋生态系统 - e.g. The Great Barrier Reef is an ____________ ecosystem. 17. The Great Barrier Reef is the second largest coral reef system in the world. 大堡礁是世界第二大珊瑚礁系统。（× 错误判断） - second largest 第二大 - e.g. The Great Barrier Reef is the ____________ largest coral reef system.（事实上它是最大的） 18. Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world. 贝加尔湖是世界上最深的湖。 - Lake Baikal 贝加尔湖 - deepest adj. 最深的 - e.g. Lake Baikal is the ____________ lake in the world. B2. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（青藏高原） 19. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the highest plateau on earth. 青藏高原是地球上最高的高原。 - plateau n. 高原 - highest adj. 最高的 - e.g. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the ____________ plateau on earth. 20. It is often called “the roof of the world”. 它常被称为“世界屋脊”。 - roof n. 屋顶 - e.g. It is called “the ____________ of the world”. 21. It provides water for billions of people. Some major rivers start there. 它为数十亿人提供水源。一些主要河流发源于那里。 - provide... for... 为……提供…… - billions of 数十亿的 - major adj. 主要的 - e.g. It ____________ water for billions of people. 22. Special animals: snow leopard, golden monkey, etc. 特殊动物：雪豹、金丝猴等。 - snow leopard 雪豹 - golden monkey 金丝猴 - e.g. The plateau is home to snow leopards and golden ____________. 23. Problems: pollution, climate change, etc. 问题：污染、气候变化等。 - e.g. The plateau faces problems like pollution and ____________ change. C1. The secret of nature（自然的秘密） 24. A solar eclipse is when the moon passes between the earth and the sun. For a few minutes, the moon blocks out the sun‘s light. 日食是月球经过地球和太阳之间时发生的现象。在几分钟内，月球挡住了太阳的光。 - solar eclipse 日食 - pass between 经过……之间 - block out 挡住 - e.g. A ____________ eclipse is when the moon passes between the earth and the sun. 25. This makes the sky go dark in the middle of the day! 这使得天空在白天变暗！ - go dark 变暗 - in the middle of 在……中间 - e.g. This makes the sky ____________ dark. 26. Auroras are the best light shows on earth. 极光是地球上最好的光影秀。 - aurora n. 极光（复数 auroras） - light show 灯光秀 - e.g. ____________ are the best light shows on earth. 27. Auroras can happen when the solar winds crash into gases in the sky. 当太阳风撞击天空中的气体时，就会产生极光。 - solar wind 太阳风 - crash into 撞击 - gas n. 气体 - e.g. Solar winds ____________ into gases in the sky. 28. This produces colourful lights across the night sky. 这会在夜空中产生五彩缤纷的光芒。 - produce v. 产生 - colourful adj. 五彩缤纷的 - e.g. This ____________ colourful lights across the night sky. 29. You can only see auroras in the far north or south of the earth. 你只能在地球的远北或远南地区看到极光。 - the far north 远北地区 - e.g. You can only see auroras in the far ____________ or south. 30. When there is a lot of pressure inside a volcano, an eruption can happen. 当火山内部压力很大时，就会发生喷发。 - pressure n. 压力 - volcano n. 火山 - eruption n. 喷发 - e.g. A ____________ eruption can happen when there is a lot of pressure inside a volcano. 31. During an eruption, hot rocks and smoke come out of a volcano and fly high into the air. 在喷发期间，炽热的岩石和烟雾从火山中喷出，飞向高空。 - smoke n. 烟，烟雾 - e.g. Hot rocks and smoke ____________ out of a volcano. 32. It can look like smoke and fire jumping out of the top of a mountain! 它看起来就像烟和火从山顶喷涌而出！ - jump out of 从……跳出 - e.g. It looks like smoke and fire ____________ out of the top of a mountain. 33. It is an unusual sight, but also very dangerous. 这是一种不寻常的景象，但也非常危险。 - unusual adj. 不寻常的 - sight n. 景象 - e.g. It is an ____________ sight. C2. Rainbow（彩虹） 34. A rainbow is an interesting and beautiful natural event. 彩虹是一种有趣而美丽的自然现象。 - rainbow n. 彩虹 - natural event 自然现象 - e.g. A rainbow is a beautiful ____________ event. 35. Cause: Light hits water drops and bends. 成因：光线击中水滴并发生折射。 - hit v. 击中 - water drops 水滴 - bend v. 弯曲，折射 - e.g. Light ____________ water drops and bends. 36. Types: Circular rainbows, double rainbows, moonbows. 类型：圆形彩虹、双彩虹、月虹。 - circular adj. 圆形的 - double adj. 双重的 - moonbow n. 月虹 - e.g. There are circular rainbows, ____________ rainbows and moonbows. 37. When: Usually during periods of rain or after storms. 时间：通常在降雨期间或暴风雨之后。 - period n. 时期，期间 - storm n. 暴风雨 - e.g. Rainbows usually appear during periods of rain or after ____________. 38. Cultural meaning: Hope, especially in hard times. 文化意义：希望，尤其是在艰难时期。 - cultural adj. 文化的 - especially adv. 尤其，特别 - in hard times 在艰难时期 - e.g. Rainbows symbolize ____________, especially in hard times. 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. lead to __________ 2. __________ 导致 3. be harmful to __________ 4. __________ 对……有害 5. as a result __________ 6. __________ 因此 7. take action __________ 8. __________ 采取行动 9. in danger __________ 10. __________ 处于危险中 11. block out __________ 12. __________ 挡住 13. crash into __________ 14. __________ 撞击 15. jump out of __________ 16. __________ 从……跳出 17. provide... for... __________ 18. __________ 为……提供…… 19. climate change __________ 20. __________ 气候变化 21. solar eclipse __________ 22. __________ 日食 23. volcanic eruption __________ 24. __________ 火山喷发 【综合练习】 一、根据句意和首字母提示填空（A1） 1. Too much carbon dioxide is l________ to rising global temperatures. 2. Some desert plants can s________ a lot of water in their roots. 3. The Amazon Rainforest c________ over two million types of insects. 4. Global warming is h________ to the Antarctic ecosystem. 5. The Arctic is warming fast because of climate change. A________ a result, the sea ice is melting. 6. The Great Barrier Reef c________ the world‘s largest collection of coral reefs. 二、用 and, but, or, so 填空（A2） 1. African grasslands are important, ________ we need to protect them. 2. These grasslands receive a lot of rain, ________ this helps the plants grow well. 3. There are many important plants, ________ some of them are in danger. 4. People are taking action, ________ we won’t lose them. 5. It can be very dark ________ very bright. 6. It is beautiful, ________ it is also challenging. 7. Temperatures are rising, ________ animals are being harmed. 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 空气中过多的二氧化碳正在导致全球气温上升。 Too much carbon dioxide is ________ to rising global temperatures. 2. 全球变暖对南极生态系统有害。 Global warming is ________ to the Antarctic ecosystem. 3. 因此，海冰正在迅速融化。 ________ a result, the sea ice is melting quickly. 4. 青藏高原是地球上最高的高原。 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the ________ plateau on earth. 5. 它常被称为“世界屋脊”。 It is called “the ________ of the world”. 6. 它为数十亿人提供水源。 It ________ water for billions of people. 7. 日食是月球经过地球和太阳之间时发生的现象。 A solar eclipse is when the moon ________ between the earth and the sun. 8. 极光是地球上最好的光影秀。 ________ are the best light shows on earth. 9. 火山喷发是一种不寻常的景象，但也非常危险。 A volcanic eruption is an ________ sight, but also very dangerous. 10. 彩虹象征着希望，尤其是在艰难时期。 Rainbows symbolize ________, especially in hard times. 四、单项选择 ( ) 1. Too much carbon dioxide is leading ________ rising global temperatures. A. to B. for C. with D. of ( ) 2. Global warming is harmful ________ the Antarctic ecosystem. A. to B. for C. with D. of ( ) 3. ________ a result, the sea ice is melting very quickly. A. For B. As C. With D. To ( ) 4. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the highest plateau ________ earth. A. in B. on C. at D. for ( ) 5. It provides water ________ billions of people. A. to B. for C. with D. of ( ) 6. A solar eclipse is when the moon passes ________ the earth and the sun. A. among B. between C. in D. on ( ) 7. Auroras can happen when the solar winds crash ________ gases in the sky. A. to B. for C. into D. with ( ) 8. A volcanic eruption is an unusual ________. A. sight B. site C. sign D. size ( ) 9. Rainbows symbolize hope, ________ in hard times. A. especial B. especially C. special D. specialty ( ) 10. The Great Barrier Reef is the ________ coral reef system in the world. A. large B. larger C. largest D. most large 五、根据课文内容判断正误（T/F） ( ) 1. The Amazon Rainforest covers more than 10 million square kilometres. ( ) 2. The Sahara Desert covers most of northern Africa. ( ) 3. The Great Barrier Reef is an ocean ecosystem. ( ) 4. The Great Barrier Reef is the second largest coral reef system in the world. ( ) 5. Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world. 【答案】 一、 1. leading 2. store 3. contains 4. harmful 5. As 6. contains 二、 1. so 2. so 3. but 4. so 5. or 6. but 7. so 三、 1. leading 2. harmful 3. As 4. highest 5. roof 6. provides 7. passes 8. Auroras 9. unusual 10. hope 四、 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C 五、 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $