摘要:
**基本信息**
以“语法梳理+分层精练”构建人称代词专项体系,通过记忆口诀提炼主宾格区分方法,逻辑链清晰,适配中考分层备考,提升语言理解与表达能力。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|语法梳理|5个核心知识点(含记忆口诀)|“人称代词分主宾,主格宾格要分清”等口诀|从定义→形式变化→用法规则→排列顺序→记忆口诀递进,构建完整概念链|
|分层练习|30题(基础10/提高10/挑战10)|主宾格辨析、it特殊用法等解题技巧|基础篇聚焦基本用法,提高篇强化语境应用,挑战篇突破复杂句式,实现能力阶梯提升|
内容正文:
人称代词
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、人称代词语法梳理 1
1. 什么是人称代词? 1
2. 人称代词的形式 1
3. 人称代词的用法 1
4. 人称代词的排列顺序 2
5. 记忆口诀 2
二、中考分层练习题(共30题) 2
基础篇(第1-10题) 2
提高篇(第11-20题) 4
挑战篇(第21-30题) 5
一、人称代词语法梳理
1. 什么是人称代词?
人称代词是用来代替人或事物的代词,可以指代自身或他人,例如“你”“我”“他”等,目的是避免重复使用名词,使表达更简洁。
2. 人称代词的形式
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,具体如下:
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
第一人称
I(我)
me(我)
第二人称
you(你)
you(你)
第三人称
he(他)
him(他)
she(她)
her(她)
it(它)
it(它)
3. 人称代词的用法
(1)主格作主语:放在句首,表示谁怎么样了、做了什么。
I am a student. 我是一名学生。
He likes playing basketball. 他喜欢打篮球。
They are my friends. 他们是我的朋友。
(2)宾格作宾语:放在动词或介词后面,表示动作行为的对象。
Please help me. 请帮助我。
The skirt is for you. 这条裙子是给你的。
We can take the dog with us. 我们可以带狗一起去。
(3)it的特殊用法:除指代事物外,还可表示时间、天气、距离等。
It's 12 o'clock now. 现在是12点。
It's a fine day today. 今天天气不错。
4. 人称代词的排列顺序
单数人称按 第二、第三、第一 顺序排列(即 you, he/she, I);复数人称按 第一、第二、第三 顺序排列(即 we, you, they)。
You, she and I all enjoy music. 你我她都喜欢音乐。
注意:承认错误时按第一、第二、第三人称排列。
5. 记忆口诀
“人称代词分主宾,主格宾格要分清。
I me you you 记心间,he him she her 莫混乱。”
二、中考分层练习题(共30题)
🔵 基础篇(第1-10题)
1. ________ am a student.
A. Me B. I C. My D. Mine
答案:B
解析: 本题考查人称代词主格作主语。“am”的主语必须是第一人称单数主格“I”。“Me”是宾格,不能作主语;“My”和“Mine”是物主代词。
2. Please give the book to ________.
A. I B. my C. me D. mine
答案:C
解析: 本题考查人称代词宾格作介词宾语。介词“to”后面要用宾格形式,“me”是“I”的宾格。
3. ________ is a teacher. ________ name is Li Wei.
A. He; He B. His; He C. He; His D. His; His
答案:C
解析: 第一空作主语用主格“He”;第二空修饰名词“name”用形容词性物主代词“His”。
4. My sister is a nurse. ________ works in a hospital.
A. She B. Her C. Hers D. Himself
答案:A
解析: 本题考查人称代词主格作主语。此处用“She”代替“My sister”作主语。“Her”是宾格或形容词性物主代词。
5. —Who is knocking at the door? —It's ________.
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
答案:B
解析: 在口语中,作表语时常用宾格形式。“It's me”是习惯表达。
6. Let ________ help ________ with the housework.
A. I; you B. me; your C. me; you D. my; your
答案:C
解析: “let”后面接宾格作宾语(let me);“help”后面也接宾格作宾语(help you)。
7. ________ are good friends.
A. I and she B. She and I C. Me and she D. Her and me
答案:B
解析: 作主语要用主格形式(She, I);单数人称排列顺序为第二、第三、第一,但本题只有两个人,习惯说“She and I”。
8. This is not ________ pen. ________ is over there.
A. me; My B. my; Mine C. mine; My D. I; Me
答案:B
解析: 第一空修饰名词“pen”用形容词性物主代词“my”;第二空作主语且后面无名词,用名词性物主代词“Mine”(= My pen)。
9. Our teacher is very kind. We all like ________.
A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
答案:B
解析: 作动词“like”的宾语,要用宾格“her”。
10. I can't find ________. Can you help ________?
A. they; them B. them; they C. them; them D. their; them
答案:C
解析: 两空都作宾语:第一空作“find”的宾语用“them”;第二空作“help”的宾语也用“them”。
提高篇(第11-20题)
11. My aunt finds ________ interesting to learn to drive a car.
A. it B. this C. that D. what
答案:A
解析: 本题考查“it”作形式宾语。真正的宾语是后面的“to learn to drive a car”,用“it”作形式宾语。
12. —Do you like these flowers? —No, I don't like ________.
A. it B. them C. they D. their
答案:B
解析: 代替上文提到的复数名词“these flowers”,作“like”的宾语,用宾格“them”。
13. Miss Li gives ________ many books. ________ is a very good teacher.
A. our; He B. us; He C. ours; He D. us; She
答案:D
解析: 第一空作“gives”的间接宾语用宾格“us”;第二空指代“Miss Li”(女老师),作主语用主格“She”。
14. My pronunciation is poor. I need someone to help ________.
A. me B. them C. him D. you
答案:A
解析: 作“help”的宾语,指代“我”,用宾格“me”。
15. —What do you think of the movie? —Fantastic. I like ________ very much.
A. it B. him C. her D. you
答案:A
解析: 代替上文提到的“the movie”(单数事物),作“like”的宾语用“it”。
16. Yesterday was Dad's birthday. I gave ________ a scarf as a present.
A. his B. him C. he D. himself
答案:B
解析: 作“gave”的间接宾语,指代“Dad”(男性),用宾格“him”。
17. Look at the photo. The girl beside ________ is Nancy.
A. I B. my C. me D. mine
答案:C
解析: “beside”是介词,后面接宾格作宾语,用“me”。
18. ________ mother is waiting for ________ outside.
A. He; him B. His; him C. Him; his D. His; he
答案:B
解析: 第一空修饰名词“mother”用形容词性物主代词“His”;第二空作“for”的宾语用宾格“him”。
19. These pens are ________. Where are ________?
A. you; our B. your; ours C. yours; ours D. yours; our
答案:C
解析: 第一空作表语且后面无名词,用名词性物主代词“yours”(= your pens);第二空作主语且后面无名词,用名词性物主代词“ours”(= our pens)。
20. Thanks for ________ help.
A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself
答案:B
解析: 修饰名词“help”要用形容词性物主代词“your”。
🔴 挑战篇(第21-30题)
21. ________ is important for us ________ English well.
A. It; to learn B. This; learning C. That; to learn D. It; learn
答案:A
解析: 本题考查“it”作形式主语。真正的主语是后面的不定式“to learn English well”,用“it”作形式主语。
22. —Who can drive a bus? —________.
A. I B. Me C. My D. Mine
答案:B
解析: 在省略谓语的情景对话中,常用宾格形式代替主格。
23. He is taller than ________ all.
A. we B. our C. us D. ours
答案:C
解析: 在比较级中,介词“than”后面用宾格“us”。
24. Someone is knocking at the door. Go to see who ________ is.
A. he B. she C. it D. that
答案:C
解析: “it”常用来指代身份不明的人。
25. ________, she and I all enjoy playing football.
A. I B. Me C. You D. Yours
答案:C
解析: 单数人称排列顺序为第二、第三、第一,即“You, she and I”。
26. I don't like my dress. I like ________.
A. your B. yours C. you D. yourself
答案:B
解析: 名词性物主代词“yours”= your dress,作“like”的宾语,后面不接名词。
27. The blue jacket is ________.
A. my B. mine C. me D. I
答案:B
解析: 作表语且后面无名词,用名词性物主代词“mine”(= my jacket)。
28. Our school is much bigger than ________.
A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
答案:D
解析: 名词性物主代词“theirs”= their school,作“than”的宾语。
29. I hope ________ can win the match, because I'm their fan.
A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
答案:A
解析:hope 后接宾语从句,从句缺少主语,要用主格 they。
- they 主格(作主语)
- them 宾格(作宾语)
- their 形容词性物主代词
- theirs 名词性物主代词
句意:我希望他们能赢得比赛,因为我是他们的粉丝。
30. It's 20 km from here. ________ is quite far.
A. This B. That C. It D. There
答案:C
解析: “it”可以指代距离。
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
人称代词
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、人称代词语法梳理 1
1. 什么是人称代词? 1
2. 人称代词的形式 1
3. 人称代词的用法 1
4. 人称代词的排列顺序 2
5. 记忆口诀 2
二、中考分层练习题(共30题) 2
基础篇(第1-10题) 2
提高篇(第11-20题) 3
挑战篇(第21-30题) 4
一、人称代词语法梳理
1. 什么是人称代词?
人称代词是用来代替人或事物的代词,可以指代自身或他人,例如“你”“我”“他”等,目的是避免重复使用名词,使表达更简洁。
2. 人称代词的形式
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,具体如下:
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
第一人称
I(我)
me(我)
第二人称
you(你)
you(你)
第三人称
he(他)
him(他)
she(她)
her(她)
it(它)
it(它)
3. 人称代词的用法
(1)主格作主语:放在句首,表示谁怎么样了、做了什么。
I am a student. 我是一名学生。
He likes playing basketball. 他喜欢打篮球。
They are my friends. 他们是我的朋友。
(2)宾格作宾语:放在动词或介词后面,表示动作行为的对象。
Please help me. 请帮助我。
The skirt is for you. 这条裙子是给你的。
We can take the dog with us. 我们可以带狗一起去。
(3)it的特殊用法:除指代事物外,还可表示时间、天气、距离等。
It's 12 o'clock now. 现在是12点。
It's a fine day today. 今天天气不错。
4. 人称代词的排列顺序
单数人称按 第二、第三、第一 顺序排列(即 you, he/she, I);复数人称按 第一、第二、第三 顺序排列(即 we, you, they)。
You, she and I all enjoy music. 你我她都喜欢音乐。
注意:承认错误时按第一、第二、第三人称排列。
5. 记忆口诀
“人称代词分主宾,主格宾格要分清。
I me you you 记心间,he him she her 莫混乱。”
二、中考分层练习题(共30题)
🔵 基础篇(第1-10题)
1. ________ am a student.
A. Me B. I C. My D. Mine
2. Please give the book to ________.
A. I B. my C. me D. mine
3. ________ is a teacher. ________ name is Li Wei.
A. He; He B. His; He C. He; His D. His; His
4. My sister is a nurse. ________ works in a hospital.
A. She B. Her C. Hers D. Himself
5. —Who is knocking at the door? —It's ________.
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
6. Let ________ help ________ with the housework.
A. I; you B. me; your C. me; you D. my; your
7. ________ are good friends.
A. I and she B. She and I C. Me and she D. Her and me
8. This is not ________ pen. ________ is over there.
A. me; My B. my; Mine C. mine; My D. I; Me
9. Our teacher is very kind. We all like ________.
A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
10. I can't find ________. Can you help ________?
A. they; them B. them; they C. them; them D. their; them
提高篇(第11-20题)
11. My aunt finds ________ interesting to learn to drive a car.
A. it B. this C. that D. what
12. —Do you like these flowers? —No, I don't like ________.
A. it B. them C. they D. their
13. Miss Li gives ________ many books. ________ is a very good teacher.
A. our; He B. us; He C. ours; He D. us; She
14. My pronunciation is poor. I need someone to help ________.
A. me B. them C. him D. you
15. —What do you think of the movie? —Fantastic. I like ________ very much.
A. it B. him C. her D. you
16. Yesterday was Dad's birthday. I gave ________ a scarf as a present.
A. his B. him C. he D. himself
17. Look at the photo. The girl beside ________ is Nancy.
A. I B. my C. me D. mine
18. ________ mother is waiting for ________ outside.
A. He; him B. His; him C. Him; his D. His; he
19. These pens are ________. Where are ________?
A. you; our B. your; ours C. yours; ours D. yours; our
20. Thanks for ________ help.
A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself
🔴 挑战篇(第21-30题)
21. ________ is important for us ________ English well.
A. It; to learn B. This; learning C. That; to learn D. It; learn
22. —Who can drive a bus? —________.
A. I B. Me C. My D. Mine
23. He is taller than ________ all.
A. we B. our C. us D. ours
24. Someone is knocking at the door. Go to see who ________ is.
A. he B. she C. it D. that
25. ________, she and I all enjoy playing football.
A. I B. Me C. You D. Yours
26. I don't like my dress. I like ________.
A. your B. yours C. you D. yourself
27. The blue jacket is ________.
A. my B. mine C. me D. I
28. Our school is much bigger than ________.
A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
29. I hope ________ can win the match, because I'm their fan.
A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
30. It's 20 km from here. ________ is quite far.
A. This B. That C. It D. There
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