Unit 6 Survival（重难词汇精练）英语外研版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 该专项围绕“Survival”主题，构建“词汇认知-词形转换-搭配运用-语境综合”的递进训练逻辑，系统提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|重点单词46个、词性转换25组、核心短语12个、单词拼写10题、完成句子10题、单句语法填空10题|聚焦词汇音形义、词形变化及基础语法应用|从核心词汇认知到词性转换规则，再到固定搭配及语法填空，形成“输入-内化”基础链| |词汇语境练|七选五1篇、短文填空1篇、应用文写作1篇|侧重语篇理解与综合表达|通过七选五训练逻辑衔接，短文填空强化语境填词，写作实现词汇输出，构建“内化-输出”应用链|

Unit 6 Survival重难词汇精练 参考答案 一、重点单词 1. crime n. 罪，罪行 2. seaside adj. 海滨的 3. suburb n. 郊区，城郊 4. greedy adj. 贪婪的，贪心的 5. thief n. 小偷，贼 6. commit v. 犯（错误或罪行） 7. urban adj. 城镇的，城市的 8. predator n. 掠食动物，捕食性动物 9. container n. 容器 10. garbage n. 垃圾 11. estimate v. 估计，估算 12. migratory adj. 迁徙的 13. appreciate v. 欣赏；赏识 14. crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的 15. restrict v. 限制，控制 16. hiker n. 徒步旅行者，远足者 17. kit n. 成套工具 18. optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的 19. clay n. 黏土 20. cave n. 洞穴 21. fuel n. 燃料 22. consumption n. （精力、油、电等的）消耗量 23. supplement v. 补充，增补，增加 24. eliminate v. 消除，根除 25. blaze n. 烈火，大火 26. fierce adj. 恶劣的，极端的 27. react v. （作出）反应 28. monthly adj. 每月一次的 29. advanced adj. 高级的；先进的 30. wipe v. 擦，拭，揩 31. nuclear adj. 核武器的 32. terrifying adj. 极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 33. hostile adj. （生长环境）恶劣的 34. unmanned adj. 无人驾驶（操纵）的 35. spacecraft n. 航天器，宇宙飞船 36. orbit v. 环绕……运行 37. stunning adj. 极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 38. agency n. 机构；（尤指政府内的）局，部，处 39. consist v. 组成 40. infer v. 推断，推定 41. expose v. 使暴露（于险境） 42. astronaut n. 宇航员，太空人 43. dust n. 沙土，尘土 44. capsule n. （航天器的）密封舱，太空舱 45. exposure n. 暴露 46. trunk n. 树干 二、词性转换 1. crime n. → criminal n./adj. 2. seaside adj. → sea + side 3. suburb n. → suburban adj. 4. greedy adj. → greed n. 5. thief n. 复数 thieves 6. commit vt. 过去式/过去分词 committed → commitment n. 7. urban adj. → urbanization n. 8. predator n. → predate vt./vi. 9. newcomer n. → new + comer 10. flourish v. 过去式/过去分词 flourished → flourishing adj. 11. container n. → contain vt. 12. estimate v./n. 过去式/过去分词 estimated → estimation n. 13. migratory adj. → migrate vi. → migration n. 14. appreciate vt. → appreciation n. → appreciative adj. 15. crucial adj. → crucially adv. 16. restrict vt. 过去式/过去分词 restricted → restriction n. 17. hiker n. → hike v./n. 18. optimistic adj. → optimism n. → optimist n. 19. heat wave n. → heat + wave 20. indoors adv. → indoor adj. 21. fuel n./v. 过去式/过去分词 fueled/fuelled 22. consumption n. → consume vt. → consumer n. 23. supplement v./n. 过去式/过去分词 supplemented → supplementary adj. 24. eliminate vt. 过去式/过去分词 eliminated → elimination n. 25. firefighter n. → fire + fighter 三、核心短语 1．fit in with 适应；与……一致 2．on offer 提供；供使用 3．for sure 确实，确定无疑 4．cope with 应付(某种情况) 5．bring...under control 使……处于控制之下 6．get rid of 摆脱，除去 7．wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭 8．consist of 由……组成，由……构成 9．in the meantime 在此期间，与此同时 10．split up 分开 11．(be) faced with 面临 12．be exposed to 暴露于…… 四、单词拼写 1．react 2．trunk 3．crucial 4．garbage 5．crucial 6．dust 7．consisted of 8．greedy 9．trunk 10．fits 五、完成句子 1．succeeded in directing 2．There is no denying that；more optimistic 3．Hard as Lin Tian tries 4．have succeeded in growing a variety of plants 5．to get rid of their control completely/get rid of their control completely 6．has committed some money 7．luxury consumption 8．estimated；consumption；is comprised of；generated from 9．Equipped with advanced tools 10．consists of 六、单句语法填空 1．exposure 2．advanced 3．Whichever 4．advanced 5．exposure 6．as 7．Whoever/No matter who 8．in 9．however 10．of 一、七选五 1．B　2．D　3．C　4．F　5．E 二、短文填空 1．transfer(s) 2．advance 3．currency/currencies 4．souvenirs 5．Smog 6．infection(s) 7．established 8．reserve 9．cruelty 10．presentations 三、应用文写作 Space Exploration, Yes or No The topic of space exploration has aroused heated discussion in our class meeting. Opinions are divided. Some students hold the view that space exploration is worthwhile. First, it enables humans to gain brand-new knowledge about the universe. Besides, we can exploit new space resources to ease the shortage of Earth’s resources. What’s more, it may offer a new living space for mankind in the future. However, others are against it. They point out space projects cost huge amounts of money. Worse still, astronauts will face great life risks during dangerous space missions. From my point of view, space exploration is a worthy cause. Despite risks and high costs, it pushes science forward and represents human courage to explore the unknown. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 6 Survival 重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 1 三、核心短语 2 四、单词拼写 2 五、完成句子 6 六、单句语法填空 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、七选五 9 二、短文填空 11 三、应用文写作 13 一、重点单词 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _________________n. 罪，罪行 2. _________________adj. 海滨的 3. _________________n. 郊区，城郊 4. _________________adj. 贪婪的，贪心的 5. _________________n. 小偷，贼 6. _________________v. 犯（错误或罪行） 7. _________________adj. 城镇的，城市的 8. _________________ n. 掠食动物，捕食性动物 9. _________________ n. 容器 10. _________________ n. 垃圾 11. _________________ v. 估计，估算 12. _________________ adj. 迁徙的 13. _________________ v. 欣赏；赏识 14. _________________ adj. 至关重要的，关键性的 15. _________________ v. 限制，控制 16. _________________ n. 徒步旅行者，远足者 17. _________________ n. 成套工具 18. _________________ adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的 19. _________________ n. 黏土 20. _________________ n. 洞穴 21. _________________ n. 燃料 22. _________________ n. （精力、油、电等的）消耗量 23. _________________ v. 补充，增补，增加 24. _________________ v. 消除，根除 25. _________________ n. 烈火，大火 26. _________________ adj. 恶劣的，极端的 27. _________________ v. （作出）反应 28. _________________ adj. 每月一次的 29. _________________ adj. 高级的；先进的 30. _________________ v. 擦，拭，揩 31. _________________ adj. 核武器的 32. _________________ adj. 极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 33. _________________ adj. （生长环境）恶劣的 34. _________________ adj. 无人驾驶（操纵）的 35. _________________ n. 航天器，宇宙飞船 36. _________________ v. 环绕……运行 37. _________________ adj. 极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 38. _________________ n. 机构；（尤指政府内的）局，部，处 39. _________________ v. 组成 40. _________________ v. 推断，推定 41. _________________ v. 使暴露（于险境） 42. _________________ n. 宇航员，太空人 43. _________________ n. 沙土，尘土 44. _________________ n. （航天器的）密封舱，太空舱 45. _________________ n. 暴露 46. _________________ n. 树干 二、词性转换 1.____________ n. 罪；罪行 → ____________ n. 罪犯；adj. 犯罪的 2.____________ adj. 海滨的（合成词）→ 合成拆分：____________（n. 海）+ ____________（n. 边） 3.____________ n. 郊区 → ____________ adj. 郊区的 4.____________ adj. 贪婪的 → ____________ n. 贪婪；贪心 5.____________ n. 小偷 → 复数 ____________ 6.____________ vt. 犯（错误或罪行）→ 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ → ____________ n. 承诺；投入 7.____________ adj. 城市的 → ____________ n. 城市化 8.____________ n. 捕食性动物 → ____________ vt./vi. 捕食；掠夺 9.____________ n. 新来者（合成词）→ 合成拆分：____________（adj. 新的）+ ____________（n. 来者） 10.____________ vi./vt. 生长茂盛；兴盛 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ → ____________ adj. 繁荣的；茂盛的 11.____________ n. 容器 → ____________ vt. 包含；容纳 12.____________ vt./vi./n. 估计；估算 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ → ____________ n. 估计；估算 13.____________ adj. 迁徙的 → ____________ vi. 迁徙；迁移 → ____________ n. 迁徙；迁移 14.____________ vt. 欣赏；赏识 → ____________ n. 欣赏；感激 → ____________ adj. 感激的；欣赏的 15.____________ adj. 至关重要的 → ____________ adv. 至关重要地 16.____________ vt. 限制；控制 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ → ____________ n. 限制；约束 17.____________ n. 徒步旅行者 → ____________ vi./vt./n. 徒步旅行；远足 18.____________ adj. 乐观的 → ____________ n. 乐观；乐观主义 → ____________ n. 乐观主义者 19.____________ n. 酷热期（合成词）→ 合成拆分：____________（n. 热）+ ____________（n. 波浪） 20.____________ adv. 在室内 → ____________ adj. 室内的 21.____________ n./vt. 燃料；给…加油 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ 22.____________ n. 消耗量 → ____________ vt. 消耗；消费 → ____________ n. 消费者 23.____________ vt./n. 补充；增补 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ → ____________ adj. 补充的；附加的 24.____________ vt. 消除；根除 → 过去式 ____________ → 过去分词 ____________ → ____________ n. 消除；根除 25.____________ n. 消防队员（合成词）→ 合成拆分：____________（n. 火）+ ____________（n. 战士） 三、核心短语 1．_________________适应；与……一致 2．_________________ 提供；供使用 3．_________________ 确实，确定无疑 4．_________________ 应付(某种情况) 5．_________________ 使……处于控制之下 6．_________________ 摆脱，除去 7．_________________ 彻底摧毁，消灭 8．_________________ 由……组成，由……构成 9．_________________ 在此期间，与此同时 10．_________________ 分开 11．_________________ 面临 12．_________________ 暴露于… 四、单词拼写 1．I nudged her but she didn’t ____________ (做出反应). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 2．The storm split a branch off from the main________ (树干). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 3．The talks on Iran’s nuclear issues have entered a _________(关键的) final stage when all parties involved are trying to strike a comprehensive deal. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 4．To get rid of ________ (垃圾) problems. the city will load the huge spacecraft with waste materials. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 5．Technological advances play a ___(关键性的) role in the process of building a modern China. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 6．The old house was covered in ________ (灰尘) after years of being empty. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 7．His poems were published after the war, which ________ ________ (由……组成) five themes. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 8．He's a ________ (贪婪的) boy, yesterday, for instance, he ate all our biscuits! （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 9．They dug up some pests from the bottom of the ________ (树干). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 10．The coat is of the latest style and it ____________ (适合) you very well. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 五、完成句子 1．Jia Ling ___________ her first film Hi, Mom in honor of her dear mother. 贾玲成功地导演了她的处女作《你好, 李焕英》来纪念她亲爱的母亲。 2．不可否认,没有人比更对当前的局势更乐观了。 ________ no one is ________ about the present situation than him. 3．尽管林天十分努力，但他做的工作似乎永远不能令人满意。(as) __________, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 4．More recently, scientists ________(成功地种植了多种植物) in an environment similar to that on Mars. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 5．What you need to do is ______________ (完全摆脱他们的控制). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 6．The government ________________(已经投入了一些钱) to improving the rail system. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 7．Buying a designer handbag for thousands of dollars is an example of ________. (根据句意填空) 8．Today, it is _________ that about 60 percent of domestic rice ________ in China ________ crops ________ Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. (根据句意填空) 9．As they were cquipped with advanced tools, he scicntists were able to complete the experiment suwcesstully   (句型转换 ) _________ _________ _________ _________, the scientists were able to complete the experiment successfully. 10．Listening is an active, not a passive behavior and it is made up of hearing, understanding and remembering. (同义转换) Listening is an active, not a passive behavior and it ______ ______ hearing, understanding and remembering. 六、单句语法填空 1．That is a room with a western (expose) to the hot sun. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2.This app uses (advance) encryption technology to secure users’ data. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3． of us gets home first starts cooking. (用适当的词填空) 4．A robot will do what people tell it to do, however (advance) it may be. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．A greater (expose) to the rest of the world will help you to see things from different angles. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．A lot of language learning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.（用适当的单词填空） 7．Please read the rules carefully. you are, you have to obey the rules and there is no exception. (用适当的词填空) 8．When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day: the meantime, they warm up again for the night. (用适当的词填空) 9．You should try to get a good night sleep, much work you have to do. (用适当的词填空) 10．The committee consists ten members. (用适当的词填空) 一、七选五 You’ve heard the word “disaster”, but what exactly does it mean? There are natural disasters, such as a hurricane, earthquake, tornado, or tsunami (a big surge of water from the ocean), which happen because of the weather or other natural conditions. People can also cause disasters, 1 . You might wonder: What if that happened in my town? Be Prepared. Wherever you live, it’s good to be prepared for an emergency. You’ve probably already experienced something like this —maybe the power went out for a long time or there was a big snowstorm. 2 , like having a battery-powered radio, flashlights, bottled water, and extra food on hand. In a bad storm or serious disaster, it’s important to remember that lots of people are looking out for you, including parents, police officers, firefighters, doctors, nurses, and other people who are trained to handle emergencies. When a disaster happens, you’ll see these people on the news helping people. 3 ? Here are some ideas: Talk about Your Feelings. It’s good to share how you’ re feeling with a parent or another trusted adult. It’s OK to ask questions and wonder about why this happened. It’s also OK to feel sad, even if you don’t live near where the disaster happened. Get a few extra hugs from your mom or dad too. 4 . It may sound funny, but drawing a picture or writing a poem can be helpful in sad times. Why? Because you get to express how you’re feeling. Limit Radio, Internet, and TV Reports. It can be hard to avoid news about what’s happening. But too much of it isn’t good for kids or grown-ups. Remind your mom and dad about this too. What can you do instead? Anything that makes you feel good — go outside, read a book, make a craft. Help Others. It’s a great idea to find a way to get involved. Not only will you help people who need food, clothes, and shelter, 5 . You might raise money or gather supplies through your school, or by giving to a disaster relief organization. A．You can start a foundation to help people who are in need B．like causing an oil spill that pollutes the environment or starting a forest fire C．What can you do for the people in the disaster D．Families can take simple steps to be prepared for an emergency E．but you’ll feel better because you’ re lending a hand F．Be Creative G．such as flooding your city, your streets, and your entire home 二、短文填空 I’ve bought the plane tickets and arranged 1 (换乘) from the airport to the hotel. So we are almost set! Don’t forget to check in online and print your boarding pass in  a 2 . Then all we have to do is pack luggage. Remember to bring your camera! Oh, one last thing… Have you exchanged foreign   3 (货币)? I don’t have a credit card. I’d like to buy 4 (纪念品) for my family so I’m going to take $300 just in cash. Can’t wait! 5 (烟雾) can be dangerous because it causes severe breathing problems and   6 (感染). Well, SNNR was  e 7 in 2000 and is the highest and second largest nature 8 (保护区) in China. Here, you can see dramatic landscapes. She appeared in The Cove, a documentary aiming at highlighting the c 9 of dolphin hunting. Besides performing and modelling, Hannah travels the world giving  p 10 and talks, getting more people involved in the conservation of ocean life. 三、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你班最近一次班会的主题是“太空探索的意义”。请结合下表内容给校英语报“Voice Your Opinion”栏目写一篇报道，介绍讨论情况并发表你的观点。 赞同理由 反对理由 你的观点 获得新知识 耗资巨大 …… 从太空获得新资源 宇航员的安全问题 扩大人类生存空间 …… 注意：(1) 词数100左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; (2) 标题已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Space Exploration, Yes or No __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $Unit 6 Survival 重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 1 三、核心短语 2 四、单词拼写 2 五、完成句子 6 六、单句语法填空 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、七选五 9 二、短文填空 11 三、应用文写作 13 一、重点单词 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. crime n. 罪，罪行 2. seaside adj. 海滨的 3. suburb n. 郊区，城郊 4. greedy adj. 贪婪的，贪心的 5. thief n. 小偷，贼 6. commit v. 犯（错误或罪行） 7. urban adj. 城镇的，城市的 8. predator n. 掠食动物，捕食性动物 9. container n. 容器 10. garbage n. 垃圾 11. estimate v. 估计，估算 12. migratory adj. 迁徙的 13. appreciate v. 欣赏；赏识 14. crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的 15. restrict v. 限制，控制 16. hiker n. 徒步旅行者，远足者 17. kit n. 成套工具 18. optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的 19. clay n. 黏土 20. cave n. 洞穴 21. fuel n. 燃料 22. consumption n. （精力、油、电等的）消耗量 23. supplement v. 补充，增补，增加 24. eliminate v. 消除，根除 25. blaze n. 烈火，大火 26. fierce adj. 恶劣的，极端的 27. react v. （作出）反应 28. monthly adj. 每月一次的 29. advanced adj. 高级的；先进的 30. wipe v. 擦，拭，揩 31. nuclear adj. 核武器的 32. terrifying adj. 极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 33. hostile adj. （生长环境）恶劣的 34. unmanned adj. 无人驾驶（操纵）的 35. spacecraft n. 航天器，宇宙飞船 36. orbit v. 环绕……运行 37. stunning adj. 极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 38. agency n. 机构；（尤指政府内的）局，部，处 39. consist v. 组成 40. infer v. 推断，推定 41. expose v. 使暴露（于险境） 42. astronaut n. 宇航员，太空人 43. dust n. 沙土，尘土 44. capsule n. （航天器的）密封舱，太空舱 45. exposure n. 暴露 46. trunk n. 树干 二、词性转换 1.crime n. 罪；罪行 → criminal n. 罪犯；adj. 犯罪的 2.seaside adj. 海滨的 → sea（n. 海）+ side（n. 边） 3.suburb n. 郊区 → suburban adj. 郊区的 4.greedy adj. 贪婪的 → greed n. 贪婪；贪心 5.thief n. 小偷 → 复数 thieves 6.commit vt. 犯（错误或罪行）→ 过去式 committed → 过去分词 committed → commitment n. 承诺；投入 7.urban adj. 城市的 → urbanization n. 城市化 8.predator n. 捕食性动物 → predate vt./vi. 捕食；掠夺 9.newcomer n. 新来者 → new（adj. 新的）+ comer（n. 来者） 10.flourish vi./vt. 生长茂盛；兴盛 → 过去式 flourished → 过去分词 flourished → flourishing adj. 繁荣的；茂盛的 11.container n. 容器 → contain vt. 包含；容纳 12.estimate vt./vi./n. 估计；估算 → 过去式 estimated → 过去分词 estimated → estimation n. 估计；估算 13.migratory adj. 迁徙的 → migrate vi. 迁徙；迁移 → migration n. 迁徙；迁移 14.appreciate vt. 欣赏；赏识 → appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 → appreciative adj. 感激的；欣赏的 15.crucial adj. 至关重要的 → crucially adv. 至关重要地 16.restrict vt. 限制；控制 → 过去式 restricted → 过去分词 restricted → restriction n. 限制；约束 17.hiker n. 徒步旅行者 → hike vi./vt./n. 徒步旅行；远足 18.optimistic adj. 乐观的 → optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义 → optimist n. 乐观主义者 19.heat wave n. 酷热期 → heat（n. 热）+ wave（n. 波浪） 20.indoors adv. 在室内 → indoor adj. 室内的 21.fuel n./vt. 燃料；给…加油 → 过去式 fueled/fuelled → 过去分词 fueled/fuelled 22.consumption n. 消耗量 → consume vt. 消耗；消费 → consumer n. 消费者 23.supplement vt./n. 补充；增补 → 过去式 supplemented → 过去分词 supplemented → supplementary adj. 补充的；附加的 24.eliminate vt. 消除；根除 → 过去式 eliminated → 过去分词 eliminated → elimination n. 消除；根除 25.firefighter n. 消防队员 → fire（n. 火）+ fighter（n. 战士） 三、核心短语 1．fit in with 适应；与……一致 2．on offer 提供；供使用 3．for sure 确实，确定无疑 4．cope with 应付(某种情况) 5．bring...under control 使……处于控制之下 6．get rid of 摆脱，除去 7．wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭 8．consist of 由……组成，由……构成 9．in the meantime 在此期间，与此同时 10．split up 分开 11．(be) faced with 面临 12．be exposed to 暴露于…… 四、单词拼写 1．I nudged her but she didn’t ____________ (做出反应). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】react 【详解】考查时态。句意：我轻推了她一下，但她没有反应。谓语动词react (做出反应)符合句意，助动词didn’t后接动词原形形式构成一般过去时，故填react。 2．The storm split a branch off from the main________ (树干). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】trunk 【详解】考查名词。句意：暴风雨从树干上刮下了一根树枝。根据汉语提示“树干”及空前的from the main可知应填名词形式trunk，作宾语，由the和句意可知，此处表示一个树干，应用单数。故填trunk。 3．The talks on Iran’s nuclear issues have entered a _________(关键的) final stage when all parties involved are trying to strike a comprehensive deal. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】crucial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：伊朗核问题谈判已进入关键的最后阶段，各方都在努力达成一项全面协议。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词crucial“关键的”作定语修饰名词短语final stage。故填crucial。 4．To get rid of ________ (垃圾) problems. the city will load the huge spacecraft with waste materials. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】garbage 【详解】考查动词。句意：为了解决垃圾问题，这座城市将在巨大的宇宙飞船上装载废物。根据汉语提示可知应用名词garbage，修饰名词problems。故填garbage。 5．Technological advances play a ___(关键性的) role in the process of building a modern China. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】crucial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：技术进步在建设现代中国的过程中起着至关重要的作用。“关键性的”为形容词crucial，作定语，修饰名词role，故填crucial。 6．The old house was covered in ________ (灰尘) after years of being empty. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】dust 【详解】考查名词。句意：这栋老房子空置多年，布满了灰尘。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词dust“灰尘”为不可数名词，作宾语，满足句意要求。故填dust。 7．His poems were published after the war, which ________ ________ (由……组成) five themes. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 consisted of 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：他的诗在战后出版，由五个主题组成。根据汉语意思可知，此处用固定短语consist of表示“由……组成”，再根据上文的were可知，本句的时态为一般过去时，所以从句中的谓语动词用动词的过去式。故填①consisted②of。 8．He's a ________ (贪婪的) boy, yesterday, for instance, he ate all our biscuits! （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】greedy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是个贪婪的孩子，比如说，昨天，他吃了我们所有的饼干！此处形容词修饰名词boy作定语，贪婪的“greedy”，故填greedy。 9．They dug up some pests from the bottom of the ________ (树干). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】trunk 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们从树干底部挖出了一些害虫。根据汉语提示“树干”可知，用名词trunk，此处特指从底部挖出一些害虫的树干，故用单数形式，作of的宾语。故填trunk。 10．The coat is of the latest style and it ____________ (适合) you very well. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】fits 【详解】考查动词。句意：这件外套是最新款式，非常适合你。根据汉语提示“适合”可知，此处用动词fit，根据上文的谓语动词“is”可知，此处时态为一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填fits。 五、完成句子 1．Jia Ling ___________ her first film Hi, Mom in honor of her dear mother. 贾玲成功地导演了她的处女作《你好, 李焕英》来纪念她亲爱的母亲。 【答案】succeeded in directing 【详解】考查动词。根据句意，该句描述的是过去的事情，所以此处应使用一般过去时态，表示“成功做某事”应为succeed in doing sth.且与主语为主动关系，用于一般过去时态，应为succeeded in doing sth.；表示“导演”应为direct作介词in的宾语，所以使用动名词形式。故填succeeded in directing。 2．不可否认,没有人比更对当前的局势更乐观了。 ________ no one is ________ about the present situation than him. 【答案】 There is no denying that more optimistic 【详解】考查固定句式和形容词比较级。表示“不可否认”用固定句型There is no denying that...，that从句为同位语从句；表示“更乐观”用more optimistic，结合汉语提示，故填①There is no denying that②more optimistic。 3．尽管林天十分努力，但他做的工作似乎永远不能令人满意。(as) __________, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 【答案】Hard as Lin Tian tries 【详解】考查状语从句。根据汉语翻译可知，空处需填“尽管林天十分努力”的英语表达，可以用让步状语从句表示，“十分努力”可以用动词短语try hard表示，根据“seems”可知，句子用一般现在时，“尽管”用连词as表示，当as表示“尽管”时，句子需要进行倒装，即把表语或副词放到as前面，正常语序应是as Lin Tian tries hard, 把副词hard提前，故填Hard as Lin Tian tries。 4．More recently, scientists ________(成功地种植了多种植物) in an environment similar to that on Mars. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】have succeeded in growing a variety of plants 【详解】考查时态、固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：最近，科学家们成功地在类似火星的环境中种植了各种植物。succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”，动名词作宾语；grow意为“种植”；a variety of意为“各种各样的”；plant意为“指物”，为可数名词。根据句中的More recently，这里应用现在完成时。故填have succeeded in growing a variety of plants。 5．What you need to do is ______________ (完全摆脱他们的控制). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】to get rid of their control completely/get rid of their control completely 【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词短语、名词和副词。句意：你需要做的就是完全摆脱他们的控制。“摆脱”用动词短语get rid of表达；“控制”用名词control表达；“完全”用副词completely表达；“完全摆脱他们的控制”表达为get rid of their control completely；句子结构以及句意分析可知设空处在句中作表语，应用动词不定式to get rid of their control completely，主语What you need to do中有do，不定式作表语时to可省略。故答案为to get rid of their control completely/get rid of their control completely。 6．The government ________________(已经投入了一些钱) to improving the rail system. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】has committed some money 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：政府已经投入了一些钱改善铁路系统。根据汉语提示可知，句子使用现在完成时，“投入”使用commit，“一些钱”使用some money，主语是第三人称单数，助动词使用has。故填has committed some money。 7．Buying a designer handbag for thousands of dollars is an example of ________. (根据句意填空) 【答案】luxury consumption 【详解】句意：花费数千美元购买名牌手提包，是奢侈消费的一种体现。结合Buying a designer handbag for thousands of dollars可知，这是奢侈消费，名词短语luxury consumption“奢侈消费”符合题意。作宾语。 8．Today, it is _________ that about 60 percent of domestic rice ________ in China ________ crops ________ Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 estimated consumption is comprised of generated from 【详解】考查动词短语、名词和时态。句意：如今，据估计，中国国内约 60% 的稻米消费量来自于袁隆平杂交水稻品种培育的作物，而他的杂交品种已让中国农民每年能生产约 2 亿吨稻米。第一空，固定句型it is estimated that...，意为“据估计……”；第二空，表示“消费量；消耗”应用名词consumption，作主语；第三空，表示“由……组成；包含……”可用动词短语be comprised of，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，be动词用is；第四空，表示“由……培育出的”用动词短语generate from，作后置定语，需用非谓语动词形式，generate from和crops为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填①estimated；②consumption；③is comprised of；④generated from。 9．As they were cquipped with advanced tools, he scicntists were able to complete the experiment suwcesstully   (句型转换 ) _________ _________ _________ _________, the scientists were able to complete the experiment successfully. 【答案】 Equipped with advanced tools 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：由于科学家们获得了先进的工具，他们能够顺利地完成实验。原句“As they were equipped with advanced tools”是一个原因状语从句，由as引导，说明科学家能够成功完成实验的原因。在转换后的句子中，可以使用了过去分词短语作原因状语。这是因为equip与句子的主语the scientists之间存在被动关系，即科学家是“被配备”先进工具的，所以用过去分词形式来表达这种被动含义。句首字母大写，故填Equipped；with；advanced；tools。 10．Listening is an active, not a passive behavior and it is made up of hearing, understanding and remembering. (同义转换) Listening is an active, not a passive behavior and it ______ ______ hearing, understanding and remembering. 【答案】 consists of 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：倾听是一种主动的行为，而不是被动的行为，它由听、理解和记忆组成。原句用一般现在时表示客观事实，本句也用一般现在时，可用动词短语consist of，表示“由……组成”，该短语无被动结构；主语it是第三人称单数，所以填consists of。故填consist；of。 六、单句语法填空 1．That is a room with a western (expose) to the hot sun. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】exposure 【详解】考查名词。句意：那是一间朝西的房间，正对着烈日。分析句子可知，提示词在句中作介词宾语，用名词形式exposure。故填exposure。 2.This app uses (advance) encryption technology to secure users’ data. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】advanced 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该应用程序使用先进的加密技术来保护用户的数据。修饰名词encryption technology应用形容词advanced，作定语。故填advanced。 3． of us gets home first starts cooking. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Whichever 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们当中无论谁先到家，谁就开始做饭。引导主语从句，表示“无论谁”应用whichever，首字母大写。故填Whichever。 4．A robot will do what people tell it to do, however (advance) it may be. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】advanced 【详解】考查形容词。句意：不管机器人有多先进，它都会按照人们的吩咐去做。本句是however引导的让步状语从句，从句需用倒装结构，空处应填形容词作表语，advance的形容词形式是advanced意为“先进的”。故填advanced。 5．A greater (expose) to the rest of the world will help you to see things from different angles. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】exposure 【详解】考查名词。句意：更多地接触世界其他地方将有助于你从不同的角度看问题。空处需填名词exposure，作主语，此处表抽象概念，不可数。故填exposure。 6．A lot of language learning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.（用适当的单词填空） 【答案】as 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很多语言学习，正如人们所发现的，都发生在人生的第一年，所以父母应该在这段时间里和孩子多说话。分析句子结构可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词为主句A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life，关系词在从句中作主语，表示“正如”，as可引导先行词是整个主句的非限制性定语从句。故填as。 7．Please read the rules carefully. you are, you have to obey the rules and there is no exception. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Whoever/No matter who 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：请仔细阅读规则。无论你是谁，都必须遵守规则，没有例外。分析句子可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，结合句意“无论谁”，此处可用whoever或no matter who，且whoever既可以引导让步状语从句也可以引导名词性从句，no matter who只能引导让步状语从句，本句为让步状语从句，二者均符合语境，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Whoever/No matter who。 8．When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day: the meantime, they warm up again for the night. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：当新的一天开始时，墙壁已经释放了热量，现在已经足够冷，可以在炎热的白天为房子降温：同时，它们又为夜晚升温。in the meantime是固定短语，意为“同时”，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。 9．You should try to get a good night sleep, much work you have to do. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】however 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你有多少工作要做，你应该尽力保证有充足的睡眠。结合语意，空处应用连词however，表示“无论怎样”，引导让步状语从句，符合句意。故填however。 10．The committee consists ten members. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：委员会由十个成员组成。动词短语consist of意为“由……组成”符合句意。故填of。 一、七选五 You’ve heard the word “disaster”, but what exactly does it mean? There are natural disasters, such as a hurricane, earthquake, tornado, or tsunami (a big surge of water from the ocean), which happen because of the weather or other natural conditions. People can also cause disasters, 1 . You might wonder: What if that happened in my town? Be Prepared. Wherever you live, it’s good to be prepared for an emergency. You’ve probably already experienced something like this —maybe the power went out for a long time or there was a big snowstorm. 2 , like having a battery-powered radio, flashlights, bottled water, and extra food on hand. In a bad storm or serious disaster, it’s important to remember that lots of people are looking out for you, including parents, police officers, firefighters, doctors, nurses, and other people who are trained to handle emergencies. When a disaster happens, you’ll see these people on the news helping people. 3 ? Here are some ideas: Talk about Your Feelings. It’s good to share how you’ re feeling with a parent or another trusted adult. It’s OK to ask questions and wonder about why this happened. It’s also OK to feel sad, even if you don’t live near where the disaster happened. Get a few extra hugs from your mom or dad too. 4 . It may sound funny, but drawing a picture or writing a poem can be helpful in sad times. Why? Because you get to express how you’re feeling. Limit Radio, Internet, and TV Reports. It can be hard to avoid news about what’s happening. But too much of it isn’t good for kids or grown-ups. Remind your mom and dad about this too. What can you do instead? Anything that makes you feel good — go outside, read a book, make a craft. Help Others. It’s a great idea to find a way to get involved. Not only will you help people who need food, clothes, and shelter, 5 . You might raise money or gather supplies through your school, or by giving to a disaster relief organization. A．You can start a foundation to help people who are in need B．like causing an oil spill that pollutes the environment or starting a forest fire C．What can you do for the people in the disaster D．Families can take simple steps to be prepared for an emergency E．but you’ll feel better because you’ re lending a hand F．Be Creative G．such as flooding your city, your streets, and your entire home 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了灾难的类型，包括自然灾害和人为灾害，强调无论居住在哪里都要为紧急情况做好准备，并给出了在灾难发生时可以采取的一些应对措施。 【详解】 1．根据上文“People can also cause disasters(人们也会引发灾难)” 可知，此处应举例说明人为造成的灾难。B选项“比如造成污染环境的石油泄漏或者引发森林火灾” 符合语境，故选B。 2．根据上文“Wherever you live, it’s good to be prepared for an emergency. You’ve probably already experienced something like this —maybe the power went out for a long time or there was a big snowstorm.(无论你住在哪里，为紧急情况做好准备是件好事。你可能已经经历过类似的事情 —— 也许长时间停电或者遭遇了一场大暴风雪)”及“like having a battery - powered radio, flashlights, bottled water, and extra food on hand.(比如准备好一台电池供电的收音机、手电筒、瓶装水和额外的食物)” 可知，此处应说明家庭可以采取简单措施为紧急情况做准备。D选项“家庭可以采取简单的步骤为紧急情况做好准备” 符合，引出后文具体准备物品的内容，故选D。 3．根据下文“Talk about Your Feelings. It’s good to share how you’ re feeling with a parent or another trusted adult. It’s OK to ask questions and wonder about why this happened. It’s also OK to feel sad, even if you don’t live near where the disaster happened. Get a few extra hugs from your mom or dad too.(倾诉你的感受。与父母或其他你信赖的成年人分享你的感受是有益的。提出疑问，思考灾难发生的原因，这无可厚非。即便你并不住在灾难发生地附近，感到难过也是正常的。不妨多从爸爸妈妈那里获取一些拥抱。)” 可知，本段主要在讲为灾难中的人们做些什么。C选项“你能为灾难中的人们做些什么” 符合语境，作为小标题引出后文具体的应对措施，故选C。 4．根据下文“It may sound funny, but drawing a picture or writing a poem can be helpful in sad times. Why? Because you get to express how you’re feeling.(这可能听起来很有趣，但画画或写诗在悲伤的时候可能会有帮助。为什么呢？因为你可以表达自己的感受)” 可知，本段在说要有创造力。F选项“发挥创造力” 符合语境。故选F。 5．根据上文“It’s a great idea to find a way to get involved. Not only will you help people who need food, clothes, and shelter, (找到一种参与的方式是个好主意。你不仅会帮助那些需要食物、衣服和住所的人)” 可知，此处应说明帮助他人对自己的影响。 E选项“而且你会因为伸出援手而感觉更好” 符合语境，与前文构成 “not only...but also...” 结构，故选E。 二、短文填空 I’ve bought the plane tickets and arranged 1 (换乘) from the airport to the hotel. So we are almost set! Don’t forget to check in online and print your boarding pass in  a 2 . Then all we have to do is pack luggage. Remember to bring your camera! Oh, one last thing… Have you exchanged foreign   3 (货币)? I don’t have a credit card. I’d like to buy 4 (纪念品) for my family so I’m going to take $300 just in cash. Can’t wait! 5 (烟雾) can be dangerous because it causes severe breathing problems and   6 (感染). Well, SNNR was  e 7 in 2000 and is the highest and second largest nature 8 (保护区) in China. Here, you can see dramatic landscapes. She appeared in The Cove, a documentary aiming at highlighting the c 9 of dolphin hunting. Besides performing and modelling, Hannah travels the world giving  p 10 and talks, getting more people involved in the conservation of ocean life. 【答案】 1．transfer(s) 2．advance 3．currency/currencies 4．souvenirs 5．Smog 6．infection(s) 7．established 8．reserve 9．cruelty 10．presentations 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去旅行前的准备工作，包括订机票、打包行李、准备现金、带上相机等。 1．考查名词。句意：我已经买了机票，并安排了从机场到酒店的接送。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词transfer“（旅途中的）中转，换乘，改变路线”，即可做可数名词，也可做不可数名词。此处也可用复数形式表示泛指。故填transfer(s)。 2．考查固定短语。句意：别忘了提前在网上办理登机手续并打印登机牌。根据首字母提示可知，需要提前办理登机手续。in advance“提前”。故填advance。 3．考查名词。句意：你兑换外币了吗？根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词currency“货币”，即可做可数名词，也可做不可数名词。此处也可用复数形式表示泛指。故填currency/currencies。 4．考查名词。句意：我想给我的家人买纪念品，所以我打算带300美元现金。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词souvenir“纪念品”。此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填souvenirs。 5．考查名词。句意：烟雾可能很危险，因为它会导致严重的呼吸问题和感染。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词smog“烟雾”，在句中作主语。故填Smog。 6．考查名词。句意：烟雾可能很危险，因为它会导致严重的呼吸问题和感染。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词infection“感染”为不可数名词；该词指“（身体某部位的）感染；传染病”时为可数名词，所以此处可用复数形式表示泛指。故填infection(s)。 7．考查动词。句意：SNNR成立于2000年，是中国最高、第二大的自然保护区。根据首字母提示以及语境可知，SNNR被建立在2000年。establish“建立”。根据空前的was可知，句子为一般过去时态的被动语态。所以空处用过去分词。故填established。 8．考查名词。句意：SNNR成立于2000年，是中国最高、第二大的自然保护区。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词reserve“保护区”。nature reserve“自然保护区”。故填reserve。 9．考查副词。句意：她出现在《海湾》中，这是一部旨在突出海豚狩猎残酷性的纪录片。根据首字母以及空后的dolphin hunting可知，这部纪律片突出了海豚狩猎残酷性。cruelty为名词“残酷”。故填cruelty。 10．考查名词。句意：除了表演和建模，Hannah还周游世界，进行演讲，让更多的人参与到海洋生物的保护中来。根据首字母以及and talks可知，空处需要名词presentation“演示”，为可数名词。根据talks可知，空处需要复数形式。故填presentations。 三、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你班最近一次班会的主题是“太空探索的意义”。请结合下表内容给校英语报“Voice Your Opinion”栏目写一篇报道，介绍讨论情况并发表你的观点。 赞同理由 反对理由 你的观点 获得新知识 耗资巨大 …… 从太空获得新资源 宇航员的安全问题 扩大人类生存空间 …… 注意：(1) 词数100左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; (2) 标题已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Space Exploration, Yes or No __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Space Exploration, Yes or No The topic of space exploration is becoming more and more popular recently. People have divided opinions about it. Some of us think it important to explore space because people can have a better understanding of outer space through exploration. Secondly, with the resources on the earth running out, it is necessary to find new resources in outer space. Thirdly, these explorations make it possible to find other planets which are suitable for humans to live on. However, others think very differently. They say this kind of exploration is a waste of time and money. Besides, it is extremely dangerous for astronauts to explore space, so sometimes they are risking their lives in finishing the missions. As far as I’m concerned, people should be pioneering. Although there are huge risks and difficulties, it is worthwhile carrying on space exploration. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校英文报写一篇报道，介绍班内对“太空探索的意义”这一主题的讨论情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要的：important→significant 理解：understanding→comprehension 此外：besides→what’s more 任务：mission→task 1.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Secondly, with the resources on the earth running out, it is necessary to find new resources in outer space. 拓展句：Secondly, as the resources on the earth are running out, it is necessary to find new resources in outer space. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Thirdly, these explorations make it possible to find other planets which are suitable for humans to live on.（运用了which引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Although there are huge risks and difficulties, it is worthwhile carrying on space exploration.（运用了although引导的让步状语从句和句型It is worthwhile doing something） $