Unit 6 Survival -ever和no matter-状语从句（核心语法精练）英语外研版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 以表格系统梳理“-ever/no matter”结构分类、互换规则及特殊用法，通过多题型梯度训练实现语法知识向语言能力转化。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|1表格|分类对比代词/副词型结构，归纳互换规则及时态、省略等特殊用法|从定义到分类，再到特殊规则，形成“概念-原理-拓展”逻辑链| |考点夯基|单选12题+填空10题+完成句子10题+句型转换10题|通过辨析题强化“-ever”名从/状从功能差异，用转换题训练结构互换能力|题型对应“辨析-应用-转换”能力层级，覆盖核心考法与易错点| |综合提升|阅读4题+完形15题+书面表达1题|在语篇中考查语法应用，提升语境分析与跨文化表达能力|衔接语言能力与文化意识，实现语法知识向综合语言运用迁移|

Unit 6 Survival 核心语法精练 -ever和no matter引导的让步状语从句 目录 1 二、考点夯基 4 一、单项选择 4 二、单句语法填空 11 三、完成句子 12 四、句型转换 12 三、综合提升 14 一、阅读理解 14 二、七选五 18 三、完型填空 18 -ever和no matter引导的让步状语从句 类别 内容 说明 例句 定义 “疑问词 + -ever”和“no matter + 疑问词”都可以引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……，不管……” 两者语义相同，在句中起强调、加强语气的作用 。 Wherever they go, animals find towns and cities in their way. 无论它们去哪里，动物都会发现城镇挡在路上。 疑问代词+ever whatever / whoever / whichever / whomever 既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句 。 Whatever difficulties we meet with, we‘ll never change our minds. 无论遇到什么困难，我们都不会改变主意。 疑问副词+ever wherever / whenever / however 只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句 。 Wherever you go, keep in touch with me. 无论你去哪里，请与我保持联系。 no matter+疑问词 no matter what / who / which / when / where / how / whom 只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。 No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him. 无论他犯了多少罪，警方都无法逮捕他。 互换规则 引导让步状语从句时，“疑问词+-ever”和“no matter+疑问词”可以互换 引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词+-ever”。 Whoever breaks the rule will be punished. = No matter who breaks the rule, he will be punished. however的特殊结构 however + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 however是副词，后接形容词或副词 。 However hard you try, you may fail. 无论你多么努力，你都可能失败。 时态要求 引导让步状语从句时，要用一般时来表示将来 从句不用将来时态 。 Whatever happens, I will support you. 无论发生什么，我都会支持你。（不用will happen） 省略现象 有时可省略从句中的be动词及相应的主语 使句子更简洁 。 I’d rather have a room of my own, no matter how small (it is). 无论房间多小，我都想拥有自己的房间。 与why的搭配 一般不与why连用 表示“无论什么原因”时用whatever the reason 。 Whatever the reason, you should apologize. 无论什么原因，你都应该道歉。 一、单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．______ he goes, he always takes a first aid kit with him. A．Whenever B．Whatever C．Whoever D．However 2．______ happens, you should stay calm and never give up hope. A．No matter B．Wherever C．Whatever D．However 3．______ hard you try, you can't succeed without confidence. A．Whatever B．However C．Whenever D．Wherever 4．No matter ______ you say, I won‘t believe you. A．how B．where C．what D．when 5．______ wins the election is going to have a tough job. A．No matter who B．Whoever C．Whenever D．Wherever 6．I’ll give the ticket to ______ wants it. A．no matter who B．whoever C．whomever D．whichever 7．______ you are, you should obey the traffic rules. A．However B．Whatever C．Whoever D．Wherever 8．______ country you travel to, you should respect the local customs. A．Whatever B．However C．Whichever D．Wherever 9．No matter ______ cold it is, he always goes swimming in winter. A．what B．how C．when D．where 10．______ much I tried, I couldn‘t work the question out. A．Whatever B．However C．Whenever D．Wherever 11．We’ll have to finish the job, ______ long it takes. A．whatever B．however C．whenever D．wherever 12．______ difficulties we may face, we should never give up. A．However B．Whenever C．Whatever D．Whoever 二、单句语法填空 在空白处填入一个适当的词（疑问词 + -ever或no matter + 疑问词）。 1．______ far away we are, we feel close to each other. 2．______ you finish your story, you will feel a sense of success. 3．______ you go in the wild, take a first aid kit with you. 4．______ problem the hiker meets with, he never gives up. 5．______ late she is, I will wait for her. 6．______ asks her for advice, she is always ready to help. 7．______ you do, try to do it better. 8．______ you come, you will be warmly welcomed. 9．I’d rather have a room of my own, no matter ______ small (it is). 10．______ the reason, you should apologize. 三、完成句子 根据中文意思，用-ever或no matter引导的让步状语从句完成下列句子。 1．无论你走到哪里，都要记得与家人保持联系。 ______, remember to keep in touch with your family. 2．无论发生什么，我都会支持你。 ______, I will support you. 3．无论你做什么工作，都要尽力做到最好。 ______, try your best to do it well. 4．无论天气多冷，他每天早上都坚持跑步。 ______, he insists on running every morning. 5．无论谁违反规则，都将受到惩罚。 ______, he will be punished. 6．无论你什么时候来，我们都欢迎你。 ______, you are welcome. 7．无论你去哪个国家，你都应该尊重当地习俗。 ______, you should respect the local customs. 8．无论困难有多大，我们都要坚持下去。 ______, we must stick to it. 9．无论你做什么，都要三思而后行。 ______, think twice before you act. 10．无论谁想要这本书，都可以借走。 ______, he can borrow it. 四、句型转换 将下列句子改写为用-ever或no matter引导的让步状语从句。 1．Even though he committed many crimes, the police were powerless to arrest him. . 2．Animals always find towns and cities in their way as they go. . 3．I will follow you to any place you go. . 4．Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. . 5．I’ll wait for her, no matter how late she is. . 6．We’ll never change our minds, regardless of what difficulties we meet with. . 7．You can turn to the police for help, regardless of what kind of trouble you are in. . 8．He keeps taking physical training in winter even if it is very cold. . 9．She is always ready to help anyone who asks her for advice. . 10．You should obey the law of the land, regardless of which country you travel to. . 一、阅读理解 A The city of Marquette in Michigan is closing a section of a road to vehicular traffic every night to protect migrating salamanders (蝾螈). From 8 p. m. to 8 a. m. daily until April 15 or until the migration is completed, a section of Peter White Drive in Presque Isle Park will be closed, the city announced. “Protecting the blue-spotted salamanders’ migration is vital, as they are an indicator species, informing us about the health of our environment,” said Kathleen Henry, Superior Watershed Partnership (SWP) special projects coordinator (协调员) and education specialist. The salamanders spend the cold winter under-ground. Then every spring, they make their way to the water where they lay eggs. It was in 2018 that Eli Bieri, a former Northern Michigan University student, noticed vehicles were killing hundreds of these migrating salamanders. “We would see thousands and thousands of salamanders crossing the street in just one night,” Bieri told the Detroit Free Press. “It was really amazing — until we see cars pass by and squish salamanders. That really troubled me — it kept me awake at night.” He enlisted the help of the SWP, who reached out to Marquette city officials. Last spring they got the relevant stretch of road within the park temporary closed to evening and overnight vehicular traffic. In 2019, before the closure, they found 429 salamander carcasses (尸体) in the road. Last year, they counted only 3 carcasses. With that success demonstrated, city officials are doing the same this year. “The goal is to apply our science to wildlife management,” Bieri said. “To be able to see in-person the science applied to successful management practices was very satisfying.” 1．What’s the significance of protecting the salamanders? A．Salamanders can offer great financial benefits to the governments. B．Protecting salamanders can greatly reduce traffic accidents at night. C．Salamanders are a great sign for our environment’s conditions. D．Salamanders are main food for other living creatures near the sea. 2．What does the underlined word “squish” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Avoid. B．Kill. C．Feed. D．Ignore. 3．Which word can be used to describe the effect of protecting measure? A．Successful. B．Concerning. C．Insufficient. D．Ridiculous. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．What Salamanders Mean to Us B．A Proper Way to Protect Our Earth C．Ways to Protect Salamanders D．A 12-Hour Closure for Wildlife 二、完形填空 B The first astronauts Since the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines 5 at the sky. This is very different from the situation 6 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 7 the universe. When did humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, 8 the first astronauts were not people﹣they were animals. Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 9 as possible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test 10 in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals 11 first went into space. Many of them 12 , but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 13 forget these animals. Albert Ⅱ was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died 14 his spaceship landed back on Earth. 15 the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he return to earth 16 very good health. Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could 17 animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham 18 into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for 19 16 years. 5．A．look B．to look C．looking D．looked 6．A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of 7．A．explore B．to explore C．explored D．exploring 8．A．as B．or C．but D．so 9．A．safe B．safer C．safest D．the safest 10．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 11．A．whom B．what C．that D．whose 12．A．die B．died C．have died D．will die 13．A．shouldn’t B．may not C．don’t have to D．needn’t 14．A．if B．because C．after D．since 15．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Unlucky D．Luckily 16．A．at B．on C．in D．for 17．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 18．A．send B．sent C．is sent D．was sent 19．A．another B．other C．others D．the others 三、书面表达 20．假如你是李华，最近你班在英语课上就“人类该不该把动物产品用于吃穿”这一话题展开了激烈的讨论。请你根据下表内容写一篇英语短文来介绍讨论的情况，同时阐明你的观点。 赞同 1.动物产品可以提供各种营养物质；2.动物的毛皮(fur)制作的衣服更保暖、更耐穿。 反对 1.动物和人是平等的；2.猎杀动物会影响生物多样性。 个人观点 …… 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Survival -ever 和 no matter - 状语从句 参考答案 一、单项选择 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．B 11．B 12．C 二、单句语法填空 1．However / No matter how 2．Whenever / No matter when 3．Wherever / No matter where 4．Whatever / No matter what 5．However / No matter how 6．Whoever / No matter who 7．Whatever / No matter what 8．Whenever / No matter when 9．how 10．Whatever 三、完成句子 1．Wherever you go / No matter where you go 2．Whatever happens / No matter what happens 3．Whatever job you do / No matter what job you do 4．However cold the weather is / No matter how cold the weather is 5．Whoever breaks the rule / No matter who breaks the rule 6．Whenever you come / No matter when you come 7．Whichever country you go to / No matter which country you go to 8．However great the difficulty is / No matter how great the difficulty is 9．Whatever you do / No matter what you do 10．Whoever wants this book / No matter who wants this book 四、句型转换 1．No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him. / However many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him. 2．Wherever they go, animals find towns and cities in their way. 3．Wherever you go, I will follow you. / No matter where you go, I will follow you. 4．Whoever breaks the law will be punished. / No matter who breaks the law, he will be punished. 5．However late she is, I will wait for her. 6．Whatever difficulties we meet with, we‘ll never change our minds. / No matter what difficulties we meet with, we’ll never change our minds. 7．Whatever kind of trouble you are in, you can turn to the police for help. / No matter what kind of trouble you are in, you can turn to the police for help. 8．However cold it is, he keeps taking physical training in winter. / No matter how cold it is, he keeps taking physical training in winter. 9．Whoever asks her for advice, she is always ready to help. / No matter who asks her for advice, she is always ready to help. 10．Whichever country you travel to, you should obey the law of the land. / No matter which country you travel to, you should obey the law of the land. 一、阅读理解A 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 二、完形填空B 5．B 6．D 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 16．C 17．B 18．D 19．A 三、书面表达20（参考范文） Recently in our English class we had a discussion about whether we should use animal products for food and clothing. Opinions vary from person to person. Some students are in favor of it. In their opinion, meat provides a variety of nutrients that are difficult to obtain from vegetables and fruit. What’s more, clothes made of fur are warmer and more durable. However, the others hold the different idea, believing animals and man are equal and that hunting animals is cruel and may affect biodiversity. As far as I’m concerned, we human beings should protect animals and use animal products reasonably instead of killing them only for our needs. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Survival 核心语法精练 -ever和no matter引导的让步状语从句 目录 1 二、考点夯基 4 一、单项选择 4 二、单句语法填空 11 三、完成句子 12 四、句型转换 12 三、综合提升 14 一、阅读理解 14 二、七选五 18 三、完型填空 18 -ever和no matter引导的让步状语从句 类别 内容 说明 例句 定义 “疑问词 + -ever”和“no matter + 疑问词”都可以引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……，不管……” 两者语义相同，在句中起强调、加强语气的作用 。 Wherever they go, animals find towns and cities in their way. 无论它们去哪里，动物都会发现城镇挡在路上。 疑问代词+ever whatever / whoever / whichever / whomever 既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句 。 Whatever difficulties we meet with, we‘ll never change our minds. 无论遇到什么困难，我们都不会改变主意。 疑问副词+ever wherever / whenever / however 只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句 。 Wherever you go, keep in touch with me. 无论你去哪里，请与我保持联系。 no matter+疑问词 no matter what / who / which / when / where / how / whom 只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。 No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him. 无论他犯了多少罪，警方都无法逮捕他。 互换规则 引导让步状语从句时，“疑问词+-ever”和“no matter+疑问词”可以互换 引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词+-ever”。 Whoever breaks the rule will be punished. = No matter who breaks the rule, he will be punished. however的特殊结构 however + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 however是副词，后接形容词或副词 。 However hard you try, you may fail. 无论你多么努力，你都可能失败。 时态要求 引导让步状语从句时，要用一般时来表示将来 从句不用将来时态 。 Whatever happens, I will support you. 无论发生什么，我都会支持你。（不用will happen） 省略现象 有时可省略从句中的be动词及相应的主语 使句子更简洁 。 I’d rather have a room of my own, no matter how small (it is). 无论房间多小，我都想拥有自己的房间。 与why的搭配 一般不与why连用 表示“无论什么原因”时用whatever the reason 。 Whatever the reason, you should apologize. 无论什么原因，你都应该道歉。 一、单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．______ he goes, he always takes a first aid kit with him. A．Whenever B．Whatever C．Whoever D．However 【答案】A 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论他去哪里，他总是随身携带急救箱。从句“______ he goes”中goes为不及物动词，缺少地点状语，故用Wherever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论去哪里”。B项Whatever意为“无论什么”，作主语/宾语/表语；C项Whoever意为“无论谁”，作主语；D项However意为“无论如何”，修饰形容词或副词。故选A项。 2．______ happens, you should stay calm and never give up hope. A．No matter B．Wherever C．Whatever D．However 【答案】C 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论发生什么，你都应该保持冷静，永远不要放弃希望。从句“______ happens”中缺少主语，happens的主语应为“什么”，故用Whatever或No matter what引导让步状语从句。A项No matter不能单独使用，须接疑问词；D项However修饰形容词/副词。故选C项。 3．______ hard you try, you can't succeed without confidence. A．Whatever B．However C．Whenever D．Wherever 【答案】B 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你多么努力，没有信心就无法成功。从句中hard为副词，需用however修饰，构成“however + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语”结构。A项Whatever修饰名词；C项Whenever作时间状语；D项Wherever作地点状语。故选B项。 4．No matter ______ you say, I won‘t believe you. A．how B．where C．what D．when 【答案】C 【解析】考查no matter引导的让步状语从句。句意：无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。从句“______ you say”中say为及物动词，缺少宾语，故用what。no matter what = whatever。A项how作状语；B项where作地点状语；D项when作时间状语。故选C项。 5．______ wins the election is going to have a tough job. A．No matter who B．Whoever C．Whenever D．Wherever 【答案】B 【解析】考查疑问词+ever引导主语从句。句意：无论谁赢得选举，都将面临艰巨的工作。此处“______ wins the election”作整个句子的主语，是主语从句，而no matter who只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。故选B项Whoever。 6．I’ll give the ticket to ______ wants it. A．no matter who B．whoever C．whomever D．whichever 【答案】B 【解析】考查疑问词+ever引导宾语从句。句意：我会把票给任何想要它的人。此处“______ wants it”作介词to的宾语，是宾语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故用whoever。no matter who不能引导名词性从句。C项whomever作宾语，不作主语。故选B项。 7．______ you are, you should obey the traffic rules. A．However B．Whatever C．Whoever D．Wherever 【答案】C 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你是谁，你都应该遵守交通规则。从句“______ you are”中缺少表语，表示“无论谁”，故用Whoever或No matter who。A项However修饰形容词/副词；B项Whatever意为“无论什么”；D项Wherever作地点状语。故选C项。 8．______ country you travel to, you should respect the local customs. A．Whatever B．However C．Whichever D．Wherever 【答案】C 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你去哪个国家旅行，你都应该尊重当地习俗。从句中country为名词，需用Whichever修饰，表示“无论哪一个”。A项Whatever意为“无论什么”，不强调选择范围；B项However修饰形容词/副词；D项Wherever作地点状语。故选C项。 9．No matter ______ cold it is, he always goes swimming in winter. A．what B．how C．when D．where 【答案】B 【解析】考查no matter引导的让步状语从句。句意：无论天气多冷，他冬天总是去游泳。cold为形容词，需用how修饰，构成“no matter how + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”结构。故选B项。 10．______ much I tried, I couldn‘t work the question out. A．Whatever B．However C．Whenever D．Wherever 【答案】B 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论我多么努力，我都解不出这道题。much为副词，需用However修饰，构成“However + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语”结构。故选B项。 11．We’ll have to finish the job, ______ long it takes. A．whatever B．however C．whenever D．wherever 【答案】B 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论花多长时间，我们都必须完成这项工作。long为形容词，需用however修饰，构成“however + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”结构。故选B项。 12．______ difficulties we may face, we should never give up. A．However B．Whenever C．Whatever D．Whoever 【答案】C 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论我们可能面临什么困难，我们都不应该放弃。difficulties为名词，需用Whatever修饰，意为“无论什么困难”。A项However修饰形容词/副词；B项Whenever作时间状语；D项Whoever作主语。故选C项。 二、单句语法填空 在空白处填入一个适当的词（疑问词 + -ever或no matter + 疑问词）。 1．______ far away we are, we feel close to each other. 【答案】However / No matter how 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论我们相隔多远，我们都感觉彼此亲近。far为副词，需用However或No matter how修饰。注意：引导让步状语从句时，两者可以互换。 2．______ you finish your story, you will feel a sense of success. 【答案】Whenever / No matter when 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你什么时候完成你的故事，你都会有一种成就感。从句中缺少时间状语，故用Whenever或No matter when。 3．______ you go in the wild, take a first aid kit with you. 【答案】Wherever / No matter where 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你去野外的哪里，都要随身携带急救箱。从句中缺少地点状语，故用Wherever或No matter where。 4．______ problem the hiker meets with, he never gives up. 【答案】Whatever / No matter what 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论这位远足者遇到什么问题，他都绝不放弃。problem为名词，需用Whatever或No matter what修饰。 5．______ late she is, I will wait for her. 【答案】However / No matter how 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论她多晚，我都会等她。late为形容词，需用However或No matter how修饰。 6．______ asks her for advice, she is always ready to help. 【答案】Whoever / No matter who 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论谁向她征求建议，她总会帮忙。从句中缺少主语，故用Whoever或No matter who。 7．______ you do, try to do it better. 【答案】Whatever / No matter what 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你做什么，都要尽力做得更好。do为及物动词，缺少宾语，故用Whatever或No matter what。 8．______ you come, you will be warmly welcomed. 【答案】Whenever / No matter when 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你什么时候来，都会受到热烈欢迎。从句中缺少时间状语，故用Whenever或No matter when。 9．I’d rather have a room of my own, no matter ______ small (it is). 【答案】how 【解析】考查no matter引导的让步状语从句。句意：无论房间多小，我都想拥有自己的房间。small为形容词，需用how修饰。 10．______ the reason, you should apologize. 【答案】Whatever 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论什么原因，你都应该道歉。“疑问词 + -ever”一般不与why连用，表示“无论什么原因”时用Whatever the reason结构。 三、完成句子 根据中文意思，用-ever或no matter引导的让步状语从句完成下列句子。 1．无论你走到哪里，都要记得与家人保持联系。 ______, remember to keep in touch with your family. 【答案】Wherever you go / No matter where you go 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你走到哪里，都要记得与家人保持联系。从句中缺少地点状语，故用Wherever或No matter where引导。 2．无论发生什么，我都会支持你。 ______, I will support you. 【答案】Whatever happens / No matter what happens 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论发生什么，我都会支持你。happens为不及物动词，缺少主语，故用Whatever或No matter what引导。注意：引导让步状语从句时要用一般时表示将来。 3．无论你做什么工作，都要尽力做到最好。 ______, try your best to do it well. 【答案】Whatever job you do / No matter what job you do 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你做什么工作，都要尽力做到最好。job为名词，需用Whatever或No matter what修饰。 4．无论天气多冷，他每天早上都坚持跑步。 ______, he insists on running every morning. 【答案】However cold the weather is / No matter how cold the weather is 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论天气多冷，他每天早上都坚持跑步。cold为形容词，需用However或No matter how修饰。 5．无论谁违反规则，都将受到惩罚。 ______, he will be punished. 【答案】Whoever breaks the rule / No matter who breaks the rule 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论谁违反规则，都将受到惩罚。从句中缺少主语，故用Whoever或No matter who引导。 6．无论你什么时候来，我们都欢迎你。 ______, you are welcome. 【答案】Whenever you come / No matter when you come 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你什么时候来，我们都欢迎你。从句中缺少时间状语，故用Whenever或No matter when引导。 7．无论你去哪个国家，你都应该尊重当地习俗。 ______, you should respect the local customs. 【答案】Whichever country you go to / No matter which country you go to 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你去哪个国家，你都应该尊重当地习俗。country为名词且有选择范围，需用Whichever或No matter which修饰。 8．无论困难有多大，我们都要坚持下去。 ______, we must stick to it. 【答案】However great the difficulty is / No matter how great the difficulty is 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论困难有多大，我们都要坚持下去。great为形容词，需用However或No matter how修饰。 9．无论你做什么，都要三思而后行。 ______, think twice before you act. 【答案】Whatever you do / No matter what you do 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你做什么，都要三思而后行。do为及物动词，缺少宾语，故用Whatever或No matter what引导。 10．无论谁想要这本书，都可以借走。 ______, he can borrow it. 【答案】Whoever wants this book / No matter who wants this book 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论谁想要这本书，都可以借走。从句中缺少主语，故用Whoever或No matter who引导。 四、句型转换 将下列句子改写为用-ever或no matter引导的让步状语从句。 1．Even though he committed many crimes, the police were powerless to arrest him. . 【答案】No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him. / However many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him. 【解析】原句意为“尽管他犯了很多罪，警方还是无法逮捕他”。用让步状语从句改写，强调“无论多少”，故用No matter how many或However many引导。 2．Animals always find towns and cities in their way as they go. . 【答案】Wherever they go, animals find towns and cities in their way. 【解析】原句意为“无论它们去哪里，动物都会发现城镇挡在路上”。用Wherever引导让步状语从句，强调“无论去哪里”。 3．I will follow you to any place you go. . 【答案】Wherever you go, I will follow you. / No matter where you go, I will follow you. 【解析】原句意为“无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你”。用Wherever或No matter where引导让步状语从句。 4．Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. . 【答案】Whoever breaks the law will be punished. / No matter who breaks the law, he will be punished. 【解析】原句意为“无论谁违法，都会受到惩罚”。注意：Whoever breaks the law也可引导主语从句；No matter who只能引导让步状语从句，需调整主句结构。 5．I’ll wait for her, no matter how late she is. . 【答案】However late she is, I will wait for her. 【解析】原句意为“无论她多晚，我都会等她”。将no matter how改为however。 6．We’ll never change our minds, regardless of what difficulties we meet with. . 【答案】Whatever difficulties we meet with, we‘ll never change our minds. / No matter what difficulties we meet with, we’ll never change our minds. 【解析】原句意为“无论遇到什么困难，我们都不会改变主意”。用Whatever或No matter what引导让步状语从句。 7．You can turn to the police for help, regardless of what kind of trouble you are in. . 【答案】Whatever kind of trouble you are in, you can turn to the police for help. / No matter what kind of trouble you are in, you can turn to the police for help. 【解析】原句意为“无论你遇到什么困难，你都可以向警察求助”。用Whatever或No matter what引导让步状语从句。 8．He keeps taking physical training in winter even if it is very cold. . 【答案】However cold it is, he keeps taking physical training in winter. / No matter how cold it is, he keeps taking physical training in winter. 【解析】原句意为“无论天气多冷，他冬天都坚持体育锻炼”。cold为形容词，需用However或No matter how修饰。 9．She is always ready to help anyone who asks her for advice. . 【答案】Whoever asks her for advice, she is always ready to help. / No matter who asks her for advice, she is always ready to help. 【解析】原句意为“无论谁向她征求建议，她总是乐意帮忙”。用Whoever或No matter who引导让步状语从句。 10．You should obey the law of the land, regardless of which country you travel to. . 【答案】Whichever country you travel to, you should obey the law of the land. / No matter which country you travel to, you should obey the law of the land. 【解析】原句意为“无论你去哪个国家旅行，你都应该遵守当地法律”。用Whichever或No matter which引导让步状语从句。 一、阅读理解 A The city of Marquette in Michigan is closing a section of a road to vehicular traffic every night to protect migrating salamanders (蝾螈). From 8 p. m. to 8 a. m. daily until April 15 or until the migration is completed, a section of Peter White Drive in Presque Isle Park will be closed, the city announced. “Protecting the blue-spotted salamanders’ migration is vital, as they are an indicator species, informing us about the health of our environment,” said Kathleen Henry, Superior Watershed Partnership (SWP) special projects coordinator (协调员) and education specialist. The salamanders spend the cold winter under-ground. Then every spring, they make their way to the water where they lay eggs. It was in 2018 that Eli Bieri, a former Northern Michigan University student, noticed vehicles were killing hundreds of these migrating salamanders. “We would see thousands and thousands of salamanders crossing the street in just one night,” Bieri told the Detroit Free Press. “It was really amazing — until we see cars pass by and squish salamanders. That really troubled me — it kept me awake at night.” He enlisted the help of the SWP, who reached out to Marquette city officials. Last spring they got the relevant stretch of road within the park temporary closed to evening and overnight vehicular traffic. In 2019, before the closure, they found 429 salamander carcasses (尸体) in the road. Last year, they counted only 3 carcasses. With that success demonstrated, city officials are doing the same this year. “The goal is to apply our science to wildlife management,” Bieri said. “To be able to see in-person the science applied to successful management practices was very satisfying.” 1．What’s the significance of protecting the salamanders? A．Salamanders can offer great financial benefits to the governments. B．Protecting salamanders can greatly reduce traffic accidents at night. C．Salamanders are a great sign for our environment’s conditions. D．Salamanders are main food for other living creatures near the sea. 2．What does the underlined word “squish” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Avoid. B．Kill. C．Feed. D．Ignore. 3．Which word can be used to describe the effect of protecting measure? A．Successful. B．Concerning. C．Insufficient. D．Ridiculous. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．What Salamanders Mean to Us B．A Proper Way to Protect Our Earth C．Ways to Protect Salamanders D．A 12-Hour Closure for Wildlife 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了密执安州的Marquette为了蝾螈而关闭夜间道路的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Protecting the blue-spotted salamanders’ migration is vital, as they are an indicator species, informing us about the health of our environment. (保护蓝斑蝾螈的迁徙是至关重要的，因为它们是一种指示物种，可以告知我们环境的健康状况)”可知，蝾螈是我们环境健康状况的体现者。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It was in 2018 that Eli Bieri, a former Northern Michigan University student, noticed vehicles were killing hundreds of these migrating salamanders. (2018年，前北密歇根大学学生Eli Bieri注意到车辆正在杀死数百只迁徙的蝾螈)”可知，此处讲述汽车经过时，会把一些蝾螈迁徙的蝾螈压死。由此可知，划线词squish与kill“杀死”意思接近。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In 2019, before the closure, they found 429 salamander carcasses (尸体) in the road. Last year, they counted only 3 carcasses. (2019年，在封城之前，他们在路上发现了429只蝾螈尸体。去年，他们只统计了3具尸体)”可知，施行道路阶段封闭后，蝾螈的死亡数量大大降低。由此推知，采取的保护措施是非常成功的。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The city of Marquette in Michigan is closing a section of a road to vehicular traffic every night to protect migrating salamanders (蝾螈). From 8 p. m. to 8 a. m. daily until April 15 or until the migration is completed, a section of Peter White Drive in Presque Isle Park will be closed, the city announced. (密歇根州的马奎特市每晚都会关闭一段道路，禁止车辆通行，以保护迁徙的蝾螈。该市宣布，从每天晚上8点到早上8点，直到4月15日，或者直到迁移完成，普雷斯克岛公园的彼得·怀特大道将关闭)”可知，本文主要介绍了为拯救蝾螈，政府所采取的夜里12小时道路为汽车关闭的措施。由此可知，A 12-Hour Closure for Wildlife(为野生动物封闭12小时)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。 二、完形填空 B The first astronauts Since the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines 5 at the sky. This is very different from the situation 6 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 7 the universe. When did humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, 8 the first astronauts were not people﹣they were animals. Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 9 as possible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test 10 in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals 11 first went into space. Many of them 12 , but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 13 forget these animals. Albert Ⅱ was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died 14 his spaceship landed back on Earth. 15 the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he return to earth 16 very good health. Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could 17 animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham 18 into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for 19 16 years. 5．A．look B．to look C．looking D．looked 6．A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of 7．A．explore B．to explore C．explored D．exploring 8．A．as B．or C．but D．so 9．A．safe B．safer C．safest D．the safest 10．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 11．A．whom B．what C．that D．whose 12．A．die B．died C．have died D．will die 13．A．shouldn’t B．may not C．don’t have to D．needn’t 14．A．if B．because C．after D．since 15．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Unlucky D．Luckily 16．A．at B．on C．in D．for 17．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 18．A．send B．sent C．is sent D．was sent 19．A．another B．other C．others D．the others 【答案】 5．B 6．D 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 16．C 17．B 18．D 19．A 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍人类在探索太空初期是先将动物送到太空中去的，我们不应该忘记这些动物。 【详解】5．考查动词形式辨析。句意：今天人们用现代机器看天空。A. look看，动词原形；B. to look看，动词不定式；C. looking看，动名词；D. looked看，动词过去式，根据固定搭配use sth to do sth“使用……做某事”可知，应该用动词不定式形式，故选B。 6．考查数词形式辨析。句意：这与几千年前人们只能用眼睛的情况大不相同。A. thousand千； B. thousands千，复数；C. thousand of错误表达； D. thousands of成千上万的，根据thousand等大数的用法，数词+thousand“几千”，用单数；thousand和of连用时，用复数形式，由所给空前面没有数词，可知，应该用thousands of，故选D。 7．考查动词形式辨析。句意：也许他们梦想着探索宇宙。A. explore探索，动词原形；B. to explore探索，动词不定式；C. explored探索，动词过去式；D. exploring探索，动名词，根据所给空前面的of是介词可知，后面要跟动名词形式，故选D。 8．考查连词词义辨析。句意：这个故事发生在不久之前，但是第一批宇航员不是人，他们是动物。A. as因为，作为，当……时；B. or或者，否则；C. but但是；D. so所以。根据前文“The story began not sovery long ago”和后文“the first astronauts were not people-they wereanimals”可知，应该是转折关系，故选C。 9．考查形容词形式辨析。句意：科学家们想使人类到太空旅行尽可能安全。A. safe安全的，形容词原形；B. safer比较安全的，形容词比较级；C. safest最安全的，形容词最高级；D. the safest最安全的，形容词最高级，根据as+形容词/副词原形+as possible意为“尽可能……”，故选A。 10．考查代词形式辨析。句意：所以他们决定用动物做实验并在太空飞行中进行测试。A. they他们，主格；B. them他们，宾格；C. their他们的，形容词性物主代词；D. theirs他们的，名词性物主代词，根据所给空前面的“test”是动词“测试”，后面接宾格，故选B。 11．考查关系代词词义辨析。句意：昆虫、老鼠、青蛙、狗和猴子是最早进入太空的动物。A. whom先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语；B. what什么；C. that先行词是人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；D. whose先行词是人或物，表示所属关系，根据前文“some of the animals一些动物”和后面的“first went into space”可知，是定语从句，先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语，故选C。 12．考查动词形式辨析。句意；它们中的许多动物死了，但它们帮助使太空旅行对人类更安全。A. die死，一般现在时；B. died死，一般过去时；C. have died已经死了，现在完成时；D. wil die将会死，般将来时，根据后文“but they heped”可知，时态是一般过去时，故选B。 13．考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：为了他们的伟大贡献，我们不应该忘记这些动物。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. maynot可能不；C. don’thave to不需要；D. neednt不需要，根据前面的“For their greatservice(为了它们的伟大贡献)”和后文的“forget these animals(忘记这些动物)”可知，是不应该忘记这些动物，故选A。 14．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他的太空舱降落回地球后，他就去世了。A. if如果；B. because因为；C. after在……之后；D. since自从，由于。根据前文“Sadly he died”和后文的“his space ship landed back on Earth”可知，应该是“之后”最符合语境，故选C。 15．考查词义辨析。句意：幸运的是Ham的结果不同。A.Luck名词，运气；B. Lucky形容词，幸运的；C. Unlucky形容词，不幸的；D. Luckily副词，幸运地。副词位于句首修饰全句；luckily是副词，故选D。 16．考查介词词义辨析。句意：当他身体健康地回到地球时，他的故事愉快地结束了。A. at在几点；B. on在……上；C. in在；D. for对于。be in good health,固定搭配，表示“身体健康”，故选C。 17．考查冠词词义辨析。句意：像哈姆这样的动物能在太空做和在地球上一样的事情吗？A. a不定冠词，一个；B. an不定冠词，元音开头的单词前；C. the定冠词，特指；D. / 零冠词。animal是以元音音素开头的单数名词，故用不定冠词an表示泛指，故选B。 18．考查动词形式辨析。句意：在1961年哈姆被送入太空时有了答案。A. send一般现在时，送；B. sent一般过去时，送；C. issent一般现在时的被动，被送；D. was sent一般过去时的被动。 in 1961 是一般过去时标志，send与主语Ham是被动关系，故是一般过去时的被动语态was sent，故选D。 19．考查代词词义辨析。句意：是的，他做得很好，又活了16年。A. another另外的；B. other其他的，后加复数名词；C. others其他的，后不加名词；D. the others特指，其他的。 another+基数词+名词复数，表示“另外的……”。故选A。 三、书面表达 20．假如你是李华，最近你班在英语课上就“人类该不该把动物产品用于吃穿”这一话题展开了激烈的讨论。请你根据下表内容写一篇英语短文来介绍讨论的情况，同时阐明你的观点。 赞同 1.动物产品可以提供各种营养物质；2.动物的毛皮(fur)制作的衣服更保暖、更耐穿。 反对 1.动物和人是平等的；2.猎杀动物会影响生物多样性。 个人观点 …… 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】[范文赏读] Recently in our English class we had a discussion about whether we should use animal products for food and clothing. Opinions vary from person to person. Some students are in favor of it. In their opinion, meat provides a variety of nutrients that are difficult to obtain from vegetables and fruit. What’s more, clothes made of fur are warmer and more durable. However, the others hold the different idea, believing animals and man are equal and that hunting animals is cruel and may affect biodiversity. As far as I’m concerned, we human beings should protect animals and use animal products reasonably instead of killing them only for our needs. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生根据表格内容，写一篇英语短文介绍“人类该不该把动物产品用于吃穿”这一话题的讨论情况，同时阐明自己的观点。 【详解】1.词汇积累 在我看来：as far as I’m concerned→in my opinion 各种各样：a variety of→various 相信：believe→hold the belief that 支持：in favor of→approve of 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：In their opinion, meat provides a variety of nutrients that are difficult to obtain from vegetables and fruit. What’s more, clothes made of fur are warmer and more durable. 拓展句：In their opinion, not only does meat provide a variety of nutrients that are difficult to obtain from vegetables and fruit, but also clothes made of fur are warmer and more durable. 【点睛】[高分句型1] However, the others hold the different idea, believing animals and man are equal and that hunting animals is cruel and may affect biodiversity. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] Recently in our English class we had a discussion about whether we should use animal products for food and clothing. (运用了whether引导宾语从句) 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $