Unit 3 Times change! 过去进行时的被动语态（核心语法精练）英语外研版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 以“定义-结构-用法-辨析”为逻辑链，系统构建过去进行时被动语态知识体系，通过分层训练提升语言应用与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|1表（含定义/结构/用法等）|通过“构成公式+时间标志词+易混时态对比表”提炼用法规则，强调“过程性”与“被动性”双重特征|从概念定义出发，推导基本句式（4类），延伸核心用法（4场景），结合标志词与易混时态辨析，形成完整认知链| |考点夯基|单选10题/填空10题/完成10题|针对不同题型设计“结构判断法”（单选）、“标志词定位法”（填空）、“语境转换法”（完成句子）|题型与知识点精准对应，从基础结构到语境应用，逐步提升语言表达准确性| |综合提升|阅读1篇/完形1篇/语法填空1篇|在语篇中渗透“时态呼应”思维，通过上下文语境推断时态应用|将语法知识融入真实语篇，培养基于语境的语言理解与思维推断能力|

Unit 3 Times change! 核心语法精练 过去进行时的被动语态 目录 1 二、考点夯基 4 一、单项选择 4 二、单句语法填空 11 三、完成句子 12 三、综合提升 14 一、阅读理解（模考真题） 14 二、完形填空（模考真题） 14 二、语法填空（模考真题） 18 过去进行时的被动语态 板块 细分条目 构成/要点 例句 时态定义 过去进行时的被动语态 表示过去某一特定时刻或时间段，主语正在被进行某动作；侧重强调过去动作的持续过程，不侧重动作结果，主语为动作的承受者，常搭配when/while引导的一般过去时句式使用。 The stadium was being decorated at 8 o’clock yesterday evening. 昨晚八点，体育场正在被装饰。 基本句式结构 肯定句 主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词(done)单数主语、不可数名词用was；复数主语统一用were，无人称数的特殊变化 New roads were being built in our town last summer. 去年夏天我们镇上正在修建新道路。 否定句 主语 + was/were + not(wasn’t/weren’t) + being + 过去分词(done) The problem wasn’t being discussed when I entered the room. 我进屋时，这个问题并没有在讨论。 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + being + 过去分词(done)？肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + waswere.否定回答：No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t. Were the students’ papers being checked at that time? 当时学生的试卷正在被批改吗？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + Was/Were + 主语 + being + 过去分词(done)？ What was being prepared for the party at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候，派对的准备工作正在进行什么？ 核心用法 用法1：过去精确时刻正在进行的被动动作 搭配at + 过去具体时间、at this time yesterday、at that moment等时间状语，精准对应过去某个时间点正在发生的被动动作 At this time last week, the old house was being pulled down. 上周这个时候，这栋老房子正在被拆除。 用法2：过去长被动动作铺垫，突发短动作 while引导持续性过去进行被动长动作，when引导瞬间一般过去时短动作，长动作作为背景铺垫 While the data was being sorted, a new mistake appeared. 数据正在整理时，一个新的错误出现了。 用法3：过去某时间段持续的被动动作 搭配from...to...+过去时间、during + 过去时间段，强调整段时间内动作持续被动进行 During the whole morning yesterday, the machine was being repaired. 昨天一上午，这台机器都在被维修。 用法4：书面叙事委婉表达 用于记叙文、书面语境，弱化动作执行者，侧重客观描述过去正在发生的被动事件 No detailed rules were being explained to the newcomers then. 当时并未向新员工讲解详细规则。 高频时间标志词 固定时间状语 at this time yesterday/last week、at that moment、at + 过去整点、then、while+一般过去时从句、during+过去时间段、from...to...(过去) At 7 o’clock last night, the report was being written. 昨晚七点，这份报告正在撰写中。 易混时态辨析 过去进行时被动 vs 一般过去时被动 1. 过去进行被动：强调过去正在进行的过程，动作未完成2. 一般过去被动：强调过去已完成的结果，动作已结束 ①The window was closed yesterday.（昨天窗户关好了，表结果）②The window was being closed when I passed by.（我路过时窗户正在被关上，表过程） 过去进行时被动 vs 过去完成时被动 1. 过去进行被动：过去某刻正在进行，无动作先后对比2. 过去完成被动：过去的过去，动作早已完成，有先后顺序 ①The books were being packed at 9 p.m.（九点正在打包）②The books had been packed before 9 p.m.（九点前就已打包完毕） 过去进行时被动 vs 现在进行时被动 1. 现在进行被动：立足现在，现阶段正在被做2. 过去进行被动：立足过去，过去某时刻正在被做 ①Many trees are being planted now.（现在正在种树）②Many trees were being planted last spring.（去年春天正在种树） 句子成分拆分 整体句子成分 was/were being + 过去分词 整体构成复合谓语；was/were为助动词，being体现进行时态，过去分词体现被动语态，三者为整体不可拆分 The task was being finished.复合谓语：was being finished 一、单项选择 1.At 9 o’clock last night, the sports meeting______on the playground. A. held B. was held C. was being held D. were being held 2.While we were waiting outside, the case______inside the office. A. discussed B. was discussing C. was being discussed D. had been discussed 3.—Why didn’t you answer my call at 3 p.m. yesterday? —Sorry, I didn’t hear it. New rules______in our office then. A. were being explained B. are being explained C. were explained D. had explained 4.When the fire broke out, the old paintings______in the hall. A. were examining B. were being examined C. are examined D. had examined 5.No one noticed that the mistake______at that moment. A. was making B. made C. was being made D. had been made 6.From 4 to 6 yesterday afternoon, all the patient data______by the nurses. A. were recorded B. were being recorded C. are being recorded D. had recorded 7.The manager said the new project______when he left the lab. A. was still being tested B. still tested C. had tested D. is being tested 8.Were the broken machines______when you arrived at the factory? A. repair B. repaired C. being repaired D. repairing 9.At this time last month, a new library______in our community. A. builds B. built C. was built D. was being built 10.They didn’t enter the classroom because an important speech______inside. A. was giving B. was being given C. gave D. had given 二、单句语法填空 1.At this time yesterday, all the letters______(sort) by office clerks. 2.The manager didn’t disturb them because the data______(analyse) carefully. 3 the bridge______(repair) when you passed the village last week? 4.The broken equipment______(not examine) at eight last evening. 5.While the results______(check), a new problem appeared suddenly. 6.What______(talk) about in the meeting room at that moment? 7.All the old buildings in the street______(pull) down from March to April last year. 8.She told me that her design______(still discuss) when she left the studio. 9.No new rules______(carry) out when we arrived at the company. 10.The injured people______(treat) by doctors at this time last night. 三、完成句子 1.昨天下午五点，校园的围墙正在被粉刷。 The walls of the campus______at 5 p.m. yesterday. 2.我走进大厅时，一份重要合同正在被签署。 When I walked into the hall, an important contract \\\\\\. 3.昨天那个时段，所有参赛作品都在展厅展出吗？ all the competition works______in the exhibition hall at that time yesterday? 4.当时这个问题并没有被专家们讨论。 The problem______by the experts at that moment. 5.昨天三点到五点，村民们的房屋正在被加固。 From 3 to 5 yesterday, the villagers’ houses \\\\\\. 6.火灾发生时，珍贵文物正在博物馆内转移。 When the fire happened, the precious cultural relics______inside the museum. 7.他说他离开时，新项目还在测试。 He said the new project______when he left. 8.昨晚八点，学生们的作文正在被老师批改。 At eight last night, the students’ compositions______by the teacher. 9.当时没有人注意到证据正在被记录。 No one noticed that the evidence______at that time. 10.上周这个时候，镇上的主干道正在拓宽。 At this time last week, the main road in the town_____ 一、阅读理解 There’s a classic short story in which a young man travels years ahead and meets his future self. Narratives like this have always been related to science fiction. But what if you could meet your future self? I’m a psychologist and professor. My research over the past 15 years isn’t far from this theme. I’ve largely focused on how people think about and relate to their future selves, and explored the reasons why we have such a hard time making long-term decisions. In my research, I’ve learnt that we often imagine our future selves like strangers, which can impede us in making long-term choices. One way to bridge the emotional gap is to think of future selves in more concrete and vivid ways, like writing letters to and from one’s future self, which can strengthen the connection between current and future selves. Admittedly, having people engage in an imagined conversation is a far cry from actually meeting one’s future self. But it’s believed that far richer interactions may happen in the near future through artificial intelligence (AI). It wouldn’t be predicting exactly what choices you’d make. It’d be more about showing your potential, based on the lives of people similar to you: not just one possible life for you, but rather, the most possible life path for you. Such interactions could offer valuable insights into our potential future selves. So, to return to my original question: if you could time-travel to meet your future self, what aspects of your life would you want to know more about? I realized, through thorough reflections, that the most powerful questions would be ones that helped me make better choices today —questions exploring personal growth, regrets and unfulfilled actions. Actually, you don’t need to wait for time travel or advanced AI for answers that you can act on. Through my research, I’ve learnt that simply taking a bit of time to picture this meeting can help you make better choices now. All you need is a little imagination, and the willingness to put yourself in the shoes of a person you currently treat as a stranger. 1．Why is it difficult for people to make long-term decisions according to the author? A．Technology for time travel is not available. B．Strangers cannot help with decision-making. C．Writing letters to one’s future self is impractical. D．People find it hard to connect with their distant selves. 2．What does the underlined phrase “a far cry from” mean in paragraph 3? A．contradictory to B．very different from C．not as convenient as D．less popular than 3．Which question would the author most likely ask his future self? A．Why hasn’t my hard work ever paid off? B．What can AI do to help people become better persons? C．If given the chance, what would you have done differently? D．How can I succeed without going through all the difficulties in life? 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Time travel: What if you met your future self? B．My research: How do people view their future selves? C．Emotional gap: Why can’t we talk with our future selves? D．Artificial intelligence: Is it possible to meet your future self? My future happiness When I imagine my future, I see myself as an adult who is confident in my abilities, doing a job I love and living my life responsibly. When I grow up, I will be enjoying more convenience brought by the advances in technology, with more time to pursue hobbies and enjoy the company of family and friends. 5 I will feel the happiest in the future because I will learn more about life and develop into the best person I can be. 6 I will also handle more responsibilities and solve problems in a more thoughtful and level-headed manner. Thanks to new technology, my future life is sure to improve in various ways. Homes will become smarter to the extent that they might be programmed to learn about our needs and monitor our health and activity. I can imagine hearing an AI voice remind me to buy groceries or do more exercise! There will also be enormous advancements in transport options. I will be riding in a self-driving car, and other new means of transport may be developed in the future. 7 These advances in technology are certain to make my future life more comfortable and convenient. My development into a mature adult and access to advanced technology will provide me with more free-time opportunities. 8 Working less time means I can do what I most enjoy, such as spending time with family and friends, engaging in fun activities and learning new skills. 9 Thinking this way gives me the motivation to work hard now so that I can have a successful, fulfilling and enjoyable future life. A．I might be able to ride a flying bike to quickly meet up with my friends. B．I will become more knowledgeable about the world and myself. C．When I think about the future, I realize my happiest days are still ahead of me. D．For these reasons, I look forward to the future as the happiest moment in my life. E．With less work-related stress, I will also have more time and energy to do volunteer projects. F．The working day will be only four hours long thanks to robots. G．Technological advances will guarantee that I will be in good health and find true happiness.二、完形填空 Craven, 26, had to get around the world to be at the hospital for his wife was going to give birth. He was in Afghanistan. He 10 to Kuwait and then to Philadelphia, where matters grew 11 . Storms caused a cancellation so he was 12 to stay in a hotel overnight. He was scheduled to fly out the next morning. While sitting on the plane on Thursday morning, they experienced repair issues. After about 30 minutes of remaining seated on the plane, everybody had to 13 the plane and went back inside again. After that was delay after delay. “They just kept pushing it,” Craven said. “If they had 14 the plane from the beginning, I would have found another way home somehow.” “Because of the bad 15 , there were not rental vehicles at all from the airport,” he said. “The 16 flight didn’t work until 10:30 a.m. the next day. So I would have 17 all of it.” 18 , word of Craven’s plight (困境) started spreading among 19 . His story reached Charlene Vickers who was also on a deadline. She needed to 20 Charleston by noon on Friday. She 21 herself to Craven and said, “I’m going to drive to West Virginia tonight. So are you willing to join this 22 party of ours?” Craven didn’t even wait to get his suitcase. The group arrived at his house just past midnight. His 9-pound, 8-ounce boy, Cooper, was 23 the next morning. “If it hadn’t been for Charlene, I never would have made it,” Craven said. “All she wanted 24 was pictures of the baby.” 10．A．drove B．flew C．walked D．rode 11．A．complicated B．valuable C．exciting D．pleasing 12．A．invited B．punished C．forced D．expected 13．A．take off B．put up C．get off D．set up 14．A．canceled B．arranged C．checked D．repaired 15．A．traffic B．weather C．route D．travel 16．A．fast B．next C．global D．only 17．A．missed B．evaluated C．achieved D．destroyed 18．A．Generally B．Apparently C．Fortunately D．Frequently 19．A．soldiers B．pilots C．drivers D．passengers 20．A．leave B．reach C．pass D．control 21．A．introduced B．devoted C．abandoned D．committed 22．A．unique B．energetic C．regular D．crazy 23．A．gone B．sent C．lost D．born 24．A．in time B．in use C．in return D．in need 三、语法填空 I heard that the school I once 25 (study) in would be rebuilt, so I went there to look back on my old days. When I got there, the gate of the school 26 (pull) down.I was heartbroken. The big tree in the garden 27 (cut) down by some workers, under 28 we often played games with our friends. The teaching building which 29 (destroy) by forklifts(铲车), was not the one 30 we used to study. Bricks 31 (clean) up and garbage 32 (carry) away by trucks. I met my old English teacher, who was packing his things. He said a new modern school 33 (build) in three years. It could contain about 3,000 students and provide 34 (good) conditions for students. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Times change! 核心语法精练 过去进行时的被动语态 目录 1 二、考点夯基 4 一、单项选择 4 二、单句语法填空 11 三、完成句子 12 三、综合提升 14 一、阅读理解 14 二、完形填空 14 二、语法填空 18 过去进行时的被动语态 板块 细分条目 构成/要点 例句 时态定义 过去进行时的被动语态 表示过去某一特定时刻或时间段，主语正在被进行某动作；侧重强调过去动作的持续过程，不侧重动作结果，主语为动作的承受者，常搭配when/while引导的一般过去时句式使用。 The stadium was being decorated at 8 o’clock yesterday evening. 昨晚八点，体育场正在被装饰。 基本句式结构 肯定句 主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词(done)单数主语、不可数名词用was；复数主语统一用were，无人称数的特殊变化 New roads were being built in our town last summer. 去年夏天我们镇上正在修建新道路。 否定句 主语 + was/were + not(wasn’t/weren’t) + being + 过去分词(done) The problem wasn’t being discussed when I entered the room. 我进屋时，这个问题并没有在讨论。 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + being + 过去分词(done)？肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + waswere.否定回答：No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t. Were the students’ papers being checked at that time? 当时学生的试卷正在被批改吗？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + Was/Were + 主语 + being + 过去分词(done)？ What was being prepared for the party at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候，派对的准备工作正在进行什么？ 核心用法 用法1：过去精确时刻正在进行的被动动作 搭配at + 过去具体时间、at this time yesterday、at that moment等时间状语，精准对应过去某个时间点正在发生的被动动作。 At this time last week, the old house was being pulled down. 上周这个时候，这栋老房子正在被拆除。 用法2：过去长被动动作铺垫，突发短动作 while引导持续性过去进行被动长动作，when引导瞬间一般过去时短动作，长动作作为背景铺垫。 While the data was being sorted, a new mistake appeared. 数据正在整理时，一个新的错误出现了。 用法3：过去某时间段持续的被动动作 搭配from...to...+过去时间、during + 过去时间段，强调整段时间内动作持续被动进行。 During the whole morning yesterday, the machine was being repaired. 昨天一上午，这台机器都在被维修。 用法4：书面叙事委婉表达 用于记叙文、书面语境，弱化动作执行者，侧重客观描述过去正在发生的被动事件。 No detailed rules were being explained to the newcomers then. 当时并未向新员工讲解详细规则。 高频时间标志词 固定时间状语 at this time yesterday/last week、at that moment、at + 过去整点、then、while+一般过去时从句、during+过去时间段、from...to...(过去)。 At 7 o’clock last night, the report was being written. 昨晚七点，这份报告正在撰写中。 易混时态辨析 过去进行时被动 vs 一般过去时被动 1. 过去进行被动：强调过去正在进行的过程，动作未完成2. 一般过去被动：强调过去已完成的结果，动作已结束。 ①The window was closed yesterday.（昨天窗户关好了，表结果）②The window was being closed when I passed by.（我路过时窗户正在被关上，表过程）。 过去进行时被动 vs 过去完成时被动 1. 过去进行被动：过去某刻正在进行，无动作先后对比2. 过去完成被动：过去的过去，动作早已完成，有先后顺序。 ①The books were being packed at 9 p.m.（九点正在打包）②The books had been packed before 9 p.m.（九点。前就已打包完毕） 过去进行时被动 vs 现在进行时被动 1. 现在进行被动：立足现在，现阶段正在被做2. 过去进行被动：立足过去，过去某时刻正在被做。 ①Many trees are being planted now.（现在正在种树）②Many trees were being planted last spring.（去年春天正在种树）。 句子成分拆分 整体句子成分 was/were being + 过去分词 整体构成复合谓语；was/were为助动词，being体现进行时态，过去分词体现被动语态，三者为整体不可拆分。 The task was being finished.复合谓语：was being finished。 一、单项选择 1.At 9 o’clock last night, the sports meeting______on the playground. A. held B. was held C. was being held D. were being held 【答案】C 【解析】①时间标志 at 9 o’clock last night 是过去精确时间点，强调 “昨晚九点当时正在举办”，用过去进行时被动语态；②主语 the sports meeting 为单数，be 动词用 was；③meeting 与 hold 是被动关系，结构 was being held。A 主动语态；B 一般过去时被动，仅表示动作已结束；D 主谓不一致，复数 were 不能搭配单数 meeting。 2.While we were waiting outside, the case______inside the office. A. discussed B. was discussing C. was being discussed D. had been discussed 【答案】C 【解析】①while 引导持续的背景长动作，主句用过去进行被动；②the case（案件）和 discuss 存在被动关系，案件 “被讨论”；A 一般过去主动；B 过去进行主动；D 过去完成被动，表示动作在等待之前就完成，不符合 “同步持续” 语境。 3.—Why didn’t you answer my call at 3 p.m. yesterday? —Sorry, I didn’t hear it. New rules______in our office then. A. were being explained B. are being explained C. were explained D. had explained 【答案】A 【解析】①then 指代昨天下午 3 点，过去某一刻正在发生；②new rules 是复数名词，搭配 were being done；③rules 与 explain 被动，用 were being explained。B 现在进行被动，时态不符；C 一般过去被动，代表讲解动作已经结束；D 主动语态，无被动含义。 4.When the fire broke out, the old paintings______in the hall. A. were examining B. were being examined C. are examined D. had examined 【答案】B 【解析】when 引导突发短动作（火灾爆发），主句为同一时间持续进行的被动动作；paintings 复数，与 examine 被动，用 were being examined。A 主动语态；C 现在时态，时间不匹配；D 过去完成主动，逻辑、语态均错误。 5.No one noticed that the mistake______at that moment. A. was making B. made C. was being made D. had been made 【答案】C 【解析】at that moment 过去即时时刻，强调 “当时正在出现错误”；mistake 与 make 为被动关系，用 was being made。A 主动进行；B 一般过去式，无持续过程含义；D 过去完成被动，代表错误在此之前就已产生，不符合语境。 6.From 4 to 6 yesterday afternoon, all the patient data______by the nurses. A. were recorded B. were being recorded C. are being recorded D. had recorded 【答案】B 【解析】from…to…+ 过去时间段，强调该时段全程持续进行的被动动作；data 表多条数据视为复数，搭配 were being recorded。A 一般过去被动，仅表示记录完成；C 现在进行被动，时态错误；D 主动语态。 7.The manager said the new project______when he left the lab. A. was still being tested B. still tested C. had tested D. is being tested 【答案】A 【解析】主句 said 为一般过去时，宾语从句统一使用过去范畴时态；离开实验室的瞬间项目正在被测试，project 单数，被动进行结构 was still being tested。B 主动一般过去；C 主动过去完成；D 现在进行被动，时态冲突。 8.Were the broken machines______when you arrived at the factory? A. repair B. repaired C. being repaired D. repairing 【答案】C 【解析】过去进行时被动一般疑问固定结构：Were + 主语 + being + 过去分词，因此空内填 being repaired。A 动词原形，无进行被动结构；B 一般过去被动，缺少进行含义；D 主动进行，语态错误。 9.At this time last month, a new library______in our community. A. builds B. built C. was built D. was being built 【答案】D 【解析】at this time last month 过去同期，侧重建设过程中，用过去进行被动；library 单数，was being built。A 一般现在主动；B 一般过去主动；C 一般过去被动，代表建筑已经完工。 10.They didn’t enter the classroom because an important speech______inside. A. was giving B. was being given C. gave D. had given 【答案】B 【解析】没能进入教室的原因是当时演讲正在开展，speech 与 give 为被动关系，单数主语搭配 was being given。A 主动进行；C 一般过去主动；D 过去完成主动，语态、时态均不符。 二、单句语法填空 1.At this time yesterday, all the letters______(sort) by office clerks. 【答案】were being sorted 【解析】at this time yesterday 过去同步时刻，用过去进行被动；letters 复数，be 动词用 were；letters 与 sort 被动，结构 were being sorted。 2.The manager didn’t disturb them because the data______(analyse) carefully. 【答案】was being analysed 【解析】data 表示一份整体数据时视作单数；主句为一般过去时，从句同步过去，当时数据正在被分析，被动结构 was being analysed。 3 the bridge______(repair) when you passed the village last week? 【答案】Was; being repaired 【解析】过去进行被动一般疑问结构：Was/Were + 主语 + being done；bridge 单数，be 动词提前用 Was；第二空填 being repaired。 4.The broken equipment______(not examine) at eight last evening. 【答案】wasn’t being examined 【解析】equipment 是不可数名词，视为单数；否定式结构 was not being done，缩写 wasn’t being examined。 5.While the results______(check), a new problem appeared suddenly. 【答案】were being checked 【解析】while 引导持续过去被动动作；results 复数名词，搭配 were being checked。 6.What______(talk) about in the meeting room at that moment? 【答案】was being talked 【解析】特殊疑问词 what 作主语，默认为单数；at that moment 提示过去进行被动，talk about 短语被动不可省略 about。 7.All the old buildings in the street______(pull) down from March to April last year. 【答案】were being pulled 【解析】from…to… 过去时间段，持续被动动作；buildings 复数，pull down 固定短语，被动 were being pulled down。 8.She told me that her design______(still discuss) when she left the studio. 【答案】was still being discussed 【解析】主句 told 为过去式，从句时态倒退为过去范畴；design 单数，still 置于 be 与 being 中间，被动 was still being discussed。 9.No new rules______(carry) out when we arrived at the company. 【答案】were being carried 【解析】rules 复数；arrived 是过去短动作，到达时新规正在推行，carry out 被动结构 were being carried out。 10.The injured people______(treat) by doctors at this time last night. 【答案】were being treated 【解析】people 为复数集合名词；at this time last night 过去同期，伤员正在被救治，被动 were being treated。 三、完成句子 1.昨天下午五点，校园的围墙正在被粉刷。 The walls of the campus______at 5 p.m. yesterday. 【答案】were being painted 【解析】①时间标志 at 5 p.m. yesterday 为过去精确时刻，用过去进行时被动；②主语 walls 是复数，be 动词选用 were；③paint 与 walls 为被动关系，结构为 were being + 过去分词 painted。 2.我走进大厅时，一份重要合同正在被签署。 When I walked into the hall, an important contract \\\\\\. 【答案】was being signed 【解析】①when 引导一般过去时短动作，主句长持续动作用过去进行被动；②contract 单数，be 动词用 was；③contract 与 sign 构成被动，故填 was being signed。 3.昨天那个时段，所有参赛作品都在展厅展出吗？ all the competition works______in the exhibition hall at that time yesterday? 【答案】Were; being shown 【解析】①一般疑问句结构：Was/Were + 主语 + being done；②works 为复数名词，be 动词提前用 Were；③show 与 works 被动，第二空填 being shown。 4.当时这个问题并没有被专家们讨论。 The problem______by the experts at that moment. 【答案】wasn’t being discussed 【解析】①at that moment 过去即时时间，用过去进行被动否定式；②problem 单数，否定为 was not（wasn’t）；③discuss 与 problem 被动，完整结构 wasn’t being discussed。 5.昨天三点到五点，村民们的房屋正在被加固。 From 3 to 5 yesterday, the villagers’ houses \\\\\\. 【答案】were being strengthened 【解析】①from…to…+ 过去时间段，强调全程持续进行的被动动作；②houses 复数，be 动词用 were；③strengthen 与房屋是被动关系，用 were being strengthened。 6.火灾发生时，珍贵文物正在博物馆内转移。 When the fire happened, the precious cultural relics______inside the museum. 【答案】were being moved 【解析】①火灾爆发是突发短动作，文物转移是当时持续进行的被动动作；②relics 复数，搭配 were being；③move 与文物构成被动，填 were being moved。 7.他说他离开时，新项目还在测试。 He said the new project______when he left. 【答案】was still being tested 【解析】①主句 said 为一般过去时，从句时态同步为过去范畴；②离开的瞬间项目正在被测试，project 单数用 was；still 放在 be 与 being 之间，test 与 project 被动，故 was still being tested。 8.昨晚八点，学生们的作文正在被老师批改。 At eight last night, the students’ compositions______by the teacher. 【答案】were being corrected 【解析】①at eight last night 过去固定时间点，进行被动；②compositions 复数，be 动词用 were；③作文是 “被批改”，correct 变过去分词 corrected，结构 were being corrected。 9.当时没有人注意到证据正在被记录。 No one noticed that the evidence______at that time. 【答案】was being recorded 【解析】①宾语从句时态跟随主句 noticed（过去式）；at that time 提示进行；②evidence 为不可数名词，视作单数，用 was；record 与证据被动，填 was being recorded。 10.上周这个时候，镇上的主干道正在拓宽。 At this time last week, the main road in the town \\\\\\. 【答案】was being widened 【解析】①at this time last week 过去同期，强调动作正在进行；②road 单数，be 动词用 was；road 与 widen（拓宽）是被动关系，故填 was being widened。 一、阅读理解 There’s a classic short story in which a young man travels years ahead and meets his future self. Narratives like this have always been related to science fiction. But what if you could meet your future self? I’m a psychologist and professor. My research over the past 15 years isn’t far from this theme. I’ve largely focused on how people think about and relate to their future selves, and explored the reasons why we have such a hard time making long-term decisions. In my research, I’ve learnt that we often imagine our future selves like strangers, which can impede us in making long-term choices. One way to bridge the emotional gap is to think of future selves in more concrete and vivid ways, like writing letters to and from one’s future self, which can strengthen the connection between current and future selves. Admittedly, having people engage in an imagined conversation is a far cry from actually meeting one’s future self. But it’s believed that far richer interactions may happen in the near future through artificial intelligence (AI). It wouldn’t be predicting exactly what choices you’d make. It’d be more about showing your potential, based on the lives of people similar to you: not just one possible life for you, but rather, the most possible life path for you. Such interactions could offer valuable insights into our potential future selves. So, to return to my original question: if you could time-travel to meet your future self, what aspects of your life would you want to know more about? I realized, through thorough reflections, that the most powerful questions would be ones that helped me make better choices today —questions exploring personal growth, regrets and unfulfilled actions. Actually, you don’t need to wait for time travel or advanced AI for answers that you can act on. Through my research, I’ve learnt that simply taking a bit of time to picture this meeting can help you make better choices now. All you need is a little imagination, and the willingness to put yourself in the shoes of a person you currently treat as a stranger. 1．Why is it difficult for people to make long-term decisions according to the author? A．Technology for time travel is not available. B．Strangers cannot help with decision-making. C．Writing letters to one’s future self is impractical. D．People find it hard to connect with their distant selves. 2．What does the underlined phrase “a far cry from” mean in paragraph 3? A．contradictory to B．very different from C．not as convenient as D．less popular than 3．Which question would the author most likely ask his future self? A．Why hasn’t my hard work ever paid off? B．What can AI do to help people become better persons? C．If given the chance, what would you have done differently? D．How can I succeed without going through all the difficulties in life? 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Time travel: What if you met your future self? B．My research: How do people view their future selves? C．Emotional gap: Why can’t we talk with our future selves? D．Artificial intelligence: Is it possible to meet your future self? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们很难做出长期的决定因为人们发现很难与遥远的自己联系起来，指出让人们参与想象中的对话与真正见到未来的自己相去甚远。建议人们花一点时间想象一下这次会面，就能帮助你现在做出更好的选择。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“I’ve largely focused on how people think about and relate to their future selves, and explored the reasons why we have such a hard time making long-term decisions. In my research, I’ve learnt that we often imagine our future selves like strangers, which can impede us in making long-term choices.(我主要关注的是人们如何思考和联系他们未来的自己，并探讨了我们很难做出长期决定的原因。在我的研究中，我了解到我们经常把未来的自己想象成陌生人，这可能会阻碍我们做出长期的选择)”可知，人们很难做出长期的决定因为人们发现很难与遥远的自己联系起来。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“In my research, I’ve learnt that we often imagine our future selves like strangers, which can impede us in making long-term choices.(在我的研究中，我了解到我们经常把未来的自己想象成陌生人，这可能会阻碍我们做出长期的选择)”；划线词上文“having people engage in an imagined conversation”以及后文“actually meeting one’s future self”可知，人们发现很难与遥远的自己联系起来，即让人们参与想象中的对话与真正见到未来的自己是非常不同的情况。故划线词意思是“与……非常不同”，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I realized, through thorough reflections, that the most powerful questions would be ones that helped me make better choices today —questions exploring personal growth, regrets and unfulfilled actions.(经过深思熟虑，我意识到，最有影响力的问题应该是那些帮助我今天做出更好选择的问题——那些探讨个人成长、遗憾和未实现的行为的问题)”可知，作者最有可能问未来的自己：如果有机会，你会做些什么不同的事？故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“There’s a classic short story in which a young man travels years ahead and meets his future self. Narratives like this have always been related to science fiction. But what if you could meet your future self?(有一个经典的短篇故事，讲的是一个年轻人在多年前旅行，遇到了未来的自己。这样的叙事总是与科幻小说有关。但如果你能见到未来的自己呢？)”结合文章主要说明了人们很难做出长期的决定因为人们发现很难与遥远的自己联系起来，指出让人们参与想象中的对话与真正见到未来的自己相去甚远。建议人们花一点时间想象一下这次会面，就能帮助你现在做出更好的选择。可知，A选项“时间旅行：如果你遇到了未来的自己该怎么办？”最符合文章标题。故选A。 My future happiness When I imagine my future, I see myself as an adult who is confident in my abilities, doing a job I love and living my life responsibly. When I grow up, I will be enjoying more convenience brought by the advances in technology, with more time to pursue hobbies and enjoy the company of family and friends. 5 I will feel the happiest in the future because I will learn more about life and develop into the best person I can be. 6 I will also handle more responsibilities and solve problems in a more thoughtful and level-headed manner. Thanks to new technology, my future life is sure to improve in various ways. Homes will become smarter to the extent that they might be programmed to learn about our needs and monitor our health and activity. I can imagine hearing an AI voice remind me to buy groceries or do more exercise! There will also be enormous advancements in transport options. I will be riding in a self-driving car, and other new means of transport may be developed in the future. 7 These advances in technology are certain to make my future life more comfortable and convenient. My development into a mature adult and access to advanced technology will provide me with more free-time opportunities. 8 Working less time means I can do what I most enjoy, such as spending time with family and friends, engaging in fun activities and learning new skills. 9 Thinking this way gives me the motivation to work hard now so that I can have a successful, fulfilling and enjoyable future life. A．I might be able to ride a flying bike to quickly meet up with my friends. B．I will become more knowledgeable about the world and myself. C．When I think about the future, I realize my happiest days are still ahead of me. D．For these reasons, I look forward to the future as the happiest moment in my life. E．With less work-related stress, I will also have more time and energy to do volunteer projects. F．The working day will be only four hours long thanks to robots. G．Technological advances will guarantee that I will be in good health and find true happiness. 【答案】5．D 6．B 7．A 8．F 9．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者描述了自己未来的幸福生活。 5．上文“When I grow up, I will be enjoying more convenience brought by the advances in technology, with more time to pursue hobbies and enjoy the company of family and friends.(当我长大后，我将享受科技进步带来的更多便利，有更多的时间去追求爱好，享受家人和朋友的陪伴)”想象了未来的幸福生活，所以作者应是对未来的生活充满期待，分析选项，D项“由于这些原因，我期待未来是我生命中最幸福的时刻”符合语境，故选D。 6．结合上文“I will feel the happiest in the future because I will learn more about life and develop into the best person I can be.(未来我会感到最幸福，因为我将学到更多关于生活的知识，并变成能够成为的最好的人)”及下文“I will also handle more responsibilities and solve problems in a more thoughtful and level-headed manner.(我也会承担更多的责任，以更周到、更冷静的方式解决问题)”可知，空处应是和上下文句式一致，描述未来自己的样子，B项“我会对世界和自己更加了解”符合语境，故选B。 7．根据上文“I will be riding in a self-driving car, and other new means of transport may be developed in the future.(我将乘坐一辆自动驾驶汽车，未来可能会开发出其他新的交通工具)”可知，空处应是承接上文，描述未来开发出的其他交通工具，A项“我可能会骑着会飞的自行车去和我的朋友们见面”符合语境，故选A。 8．根据上文“My development into a mature adult and access to advanced technology will provide me with more free-time opportunities.(我成长为一个成熟的成年人，并能接触到先进的技术，这将为我提供更多的自由时间)”以及下文“Working less time means I can do what I most enjoy(工作更少的时间意味着我可以做我最喜欢的事情)”可知，此处是描述未来科技的进步对工作时间的影响，人们可以减少工作时间，F项“由于有了机器人，每天的工作时间将只有4个小时”符合语境，故选F。 9．空处位于末段，结合下文“Thinking this way gives me the motivation to work hard now so that I can have a successful, fulfilling and enjoyable future life.(这样的想法给了我现在努力工作的动力，这样我就能有一个成功的、充实的和愉快的未来生活)”可知，空处应是总结作者对未来的想法，并指明下文“this way”的内容，C项“当我想到未来的时候，我意识到我最幸福的日子还在前面”符合语境，故选C。 二、完形填空 Craven, 26, had to get around the world to be at the hospital for his wife was going to give birth. He was in Afghanistan. He 10 to Kuwait and then to Philadelphia, where matters grew 11 . Storms caused a cancellation so he was 12 to stay in a hotel overnight. He was scheduled to fly out the next morning. While sitting on the plane on Thursday morning, they experienced repair issues. After about 30 minutes of remaining seated on the plane, everybody had to 13 the plane and went back inside again. After that was delay after delay. “They just kept pushing it,” Craven said. “If they had 14 the plane from the beginning, I would have found another way home somehow.” “Because of the bad 15 , there were not rental vehicles at all from the airport,” he said. “The 16 flight didn’t work until 10:30 a.m. the next day. So I would have 17 all of it.” 18 , word of Craven’s plight (困境) started spreading among 19 . His story reached Charlene Vickers who was also on a deadline. She needed to 20 Charleston by noon on Friday. She 21 herself to Craven and said, “I’m going to drive to West Virginia tonight. So are you willing to join this 22 party of ours?” Craven didn’t even wait to get his suitcase. The group arrived at his house just past midnight. His 9-pound, 8-ounce boy, Cooper, was 23 the next morning. “If it hadn’t been for Charlene, I never would have made it,” Craven said. “All she wanted 24 was pictures of the baby.” 10．A．drove B．flew C．walked D．rode 11．A．complicated B．valuable C．exciting D．pleasing 12．A．invited B．punished C．forced D．expected 13．A．take off B．put up C．get off D．set up 14．A．canceled B．arranged C．checked D．repaired 15．A．traffic B．weather C．route D．travel 16．A．fast B．next C．global D．only 17．A．missed B．evaluated C．achieved D．destroyed 18．A．Generally B．Apparently C．Fortunately D．Frequently 19．A．soldiers B．pilots C．drivers D．passengers 20．A．leave B．reach C．pass D．control 21．A．introduced B．devoted C．abandoned D．committed 22．A．unique B．energetic C．regular D．crazy 23．A．gone B．sent C．lost D．born 24．A．in time B．in use C．in return D．in need 【答案】 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．D 23．D 24．C 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是多亏了陌生人的帮助，Craven及时赶回了家，看到了儿子出生。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他先去了科威特，然后去了费城。A. drove开车；B. flew飞往；C. walked走向；D. rode骑行。根据后句“He was scheduled to fly out the next morning.” 他被安排在第二天早上起飞。可知作者是坐飞机的。故选B项。 11．考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：他飞往科威特，然后又去了费城，那里的情况变得复杂起来。A. complicated复杂的； B. valuable有价值的； C. exciting冷人兴奋的； D. pleasing令人满意的。根据后句“Storms caused a cancellation so he was ____ to stay in a hotel overnight.”暴风雨取消了预订，他被迫在一家酒店过夜。可知事情变得很复杂。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题。A. invited邀请； B. punished惩罚； C. forced强迫； D. expected期望。根据上句“Storms caused a cancellation so he was ____ to stay in a hotel overnight.”暴风雨取消了预订。可知作者被迫停留在一家酒店。故选C项。 13．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在飞机上坐了大约30分钟后，所有人都下了飞机，又回到飞机内部。A. take off起飞； B. put up张贴； C. get off下车； D. set up建立。根据后句“…and went back inside again.” 然后又回到飞机。可知作者先是下了飞机。故选C项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们一开始就取消了这次航班，我可能会找到另一条回家的路。A. canceled取消；B. arranged安排；C. checked核对；D. repaired修理。根据后句“I would have found another way home somehow.” 我肯定会找到另一条回家的路。可推知如果航班取消，作者会选择另一条路回家。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于天气不好，机场根本没有出租的车辆。A. traffic交通； B. weather天气； C. route路线； D. travel旅行。根据上文“Storms caused a cancellation so he was ____ to stay in a hotel overnight.”暴风雨取消了预订，他被迫在一家酒店过夜。原词重现，故选B项。 16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下一班飞机直到第二天上午10点半才起飞。A. fast快的；B. next下一个；C. global全球的；D. only唯一的。根据上文“If they had ____ the plane from the beginning, I would have found another way home somehow.”如果他们一开始就取消了这次航班，我可能会找到另一条回家的路。可知现在的航班取消了，下一班飞机直到第二天上午10点半才起飞。故选B项。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我就错过了这一切。A. missed错过； B. evaluated评估；C. achieved实现；D. destroyed耽误的。根据上文“Craven, 26, had to get around the world to be at the hospital for his wife was going to give birth.”26岁的克雷文不得不环游世界去医院，因为他的妻子要生产了。现在的航班取消，意味着就错过了这一切。故选A项。 18．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，克雷文的困境开始在乘客中传播。A. Generally一般地；B. Apparently明显地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Frequently频繁地。根据下文“If it hadn’t been for Charlene, I never would have made it”如果不是因为夏琳，我永远也做不到。可知幸运的是，最后Craven得到了Charlene Vickers的帮助。故选C项。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题。A. soldiers战士； B. pilots飞行员； C. drivers司机； D. passengers乘客。根据后文“She needed to ____ Charleston by noon on Friday”她必须在周五中午前到达查尔斯顿。可知她也是飞机的乘客。故选D项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她必须在周五中午前到达查尔斯顿。A. leave离开； B. reach到达； C. pass通过； D. control控制。根据后文“The group arrived at his house just past midnight.”这群人刚过午夜就到了他家。可知，Charlene也需要到Charleston。故选B项。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向克莱文作了自我介绍，说:“今晚我要开车去西弗吉尼亚。A. introduced介绍； B. devoted致力于； C. abandoned抛弃； D. committed承诺。根据后文“and said, “I’m going to drive to West Virginia tonight.”我今晚要开车去西弗吉尼亚州。可知是介绍自己。故选A项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你愿意参加我们的疯狂派对吗？A. unique独一无二的； B. energetic活力四射的； C. regular定期的； D. crazy疯狂的。根据上文“I’m going to drive to West Virginia tonight” 我今晚要开车去西弗吉尼亚州。可知他们的举动非常的疯狂。故选D项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，他9磅8盎司重的儿子库珀出生了。A. gone离开； B. sent发送； C. lost失去； D. born出生。根据上文“Craven, 26, had to get around the world to be at the hospital for his wife was going to give birth.”26岁的克雷文不得不环游世界去医院，因为他的妻子要生产了。可知是孩子出生了。故选D项。 24．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：她只想要孩子的照片作为回报。A. in time及时； B. in use在使用中； C. in return作为回报；D. in need在穷困中。根据上文“If it hadn’t been for Charlene, I never would have made it,” 如果不是因为夏琳，我永远也做不到，可知 Charlene Vickers是个善良的人，她所要的回报只是几张孩子的照片而已。故选C项。 三、语法填空 I heard that the school I once 25 (study) in would be rebuilt, so I went there to look back on my old days. When I got there, the gate of the school 26 (pull) down.I was heartbroken. The big tree in the garden 27 (cut) down by some workers, under 28 we often played games with our friends. The teaching building which 29 (destroy) by forklifts(铲车), was not the one 30 we used to study. Bricks 31 (clean) up and garbage 32 (carry) away by trucks. I met my old English teacher, who was packing his things. He said a new modern school 33 (build) in three years. It could contain about 3,000 students and provide 34 (good) conditions for students. 【答案】 25．studied 26．was being pulled 27．was being cut 28．which 29．was being destroyed 30．where 31．were being cleaned 32．was being carried 33．would be built 34．better 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者听说母校要重建，于是前往母校回顾过去的日子。 【详解】25．考查时态和语态。句意：我听说我曾经就读的学校将要重建，所以我去那里回顾我过去的日子。分析句子结构，空白处在以school为先行词的定语从句中作谓语，因句子表达的是发生在过去的动作，应使用一般过去时，故填studied。 26．考查时态和语态。句意：当我到达那里时，学校的大门正在被推倒。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语When I got there可知句子表达的是在过去的某个时间正在发生的动作，应使用过去进行时，因谓语与主语之间为被动关系，应使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用was，故填was being pulled。 27．考查时态和语态。句意：花园里的那棵大树正被一些工人砍倒，我们经常在树下和朋友玩游戏。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据上文时间状语When I got there可知句子表达的是在过去的某个时间正在发生的动作，应使用过去进行时，因谓语与主语之间为被动关系，应使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用was，故填was being cut。 28．考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为The big tree，根据空白处前面的介词under可知定语从句使用“介词+关系代词”结构引导定语从句，因先行词为物，故填which。 29．考查时态和语态。句意：被叉车毁坏的教学楼已经不是我们过去学习的地方了。分析句子结构，空白处在which引导的定语从句中作谓语，根据was和句意可知句子表达的是在过去的某个时间正在发生的动作，应使用过去进行时，因谓语与主语之间为被动关系，应使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语是which代指The teaching building，为单数，be动词应用was，故填was being destroyed。 30．考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为the one，表示“这个地方”，且先行词在定语从句中作状语，表示地点，故填where。 31．考查时态和语态。句意：砖块正在被清理，垃圾正在被卡车运走。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据上文时间状语When I got there可知句子表达的是在过去的某个时间正在发生的动作，应使用过去进行时，因主语为复数，谓语动词clean与主语Bricks之间为被动关系，应使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用were，主语故填were being cleaned。 32．考查时态和语态。句意：砖块正在被清理，垃圾正在被卡车运走。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据上文时间状语When I got there可知句子表达的是在过去的某个时间正在发生的动作，应使用过去进行时，因主语为单数，谓语动词carry与主语garbage之间为被动关系，应使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词应用was，故填was being carried。 33．考查时态和语态。句意：他说一所新的现代化学校将在三年内建成。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据上文时间状语When I got there以及下文时间状语in three years可知句子表达的是从过去看将来的含义，应使用过去将来时，因谓语与主语之间为被动关系，应使用过去将来时的被动语态，故填would be built。 34．考查形容词的比较级。句意：它可以容纳大约3000名学生，并为学生提供更好的条件。根据上文“He said a new modern school would be built in three years(他说一所新的现代化学校将在三年内建成)”可知此处是要对新学校建成前后的办学条件进行对比，应使用形容词的比较级，作定语，修饰名词conditions。故填better。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Times change!核心语法精练 参考答案 一、单项选择 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 二、单句语法填空 1．were being sorted 2．was being analysed 3．Was; being repaired 4．wasn’t being examined 5．were being checked 6．was being talked 7．were being pulled 8．was still being discussed 9．were being carried 10．were being treated 三、完成句子 1．were being painted 2．was being signed 3．Were; being shown 4．wasn’t being discussed 5．were being strengthened 6．were being moved 7．was still being tested 8．were being corrected 9．was being recorded 10．was being widened 一、阅读理解 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 七选五 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．F 9．C 二、完形填空 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．D 23．D 24．C 三、语法填空 25．studied 26．was being pulled 27．was being cut 28．which 29．was being destroyed 30．where 31．were being cleaned 32．was being carried 33．would be built 34．better 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $